Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060901More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062635More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,767	...	...	1,595	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,075	...	...	864	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,002	...	...	795	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,299.7	...	...	4,990.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.36	...	...	0.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,765	835	925	1,595	785	815
0 to 14 years	160	80	75	240	120	120
0 to 4 years	75	40	40	105	60	50
5 to 9 years	40	20	20	85	40	45
10 to 14 years	40	25	20	45	25	25
15 to 64 years	1,435	675	760	1,120	565	555
15 to 19 years	35	20	15	45	25	15
20 to 24 years	85	35	45	115	55	55
25 to 29 years	245	110	140	215	110	105
30 to 34 years	275	130	145	220	110	110
35 to 39 years	240	130	115	150	75	75
40 to 44 years	125	65	65	90	55	40
45 to 49 years	110	50	65	75	40	30
50 to 54 years	105	45	55	60	25	35
55 to 59 years	110	45	60	85	40	45
60 to 64 years	105	45	55	70	30	40
65 years and over	175	85	90	235	95	135
65 to 69 years	90	40	50	90	35	55
70 to 74 years	50	25	30	75	30	45
75 to 79 years	20	10	5	45	20	25
80 to 84 years	15	5	5	20	10	10
85 years and over	10	5	5	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.1	9.6	8.1	15.0	15.3	14.7
15 to 64 years	81.3	80.8	82.2	70.2	72.0	68.1
65 years and over	9.9	10.2	9.7	14.7	12.1	16.6
85 years and over	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.6
Average age of the population	39.4	39.2	39.6	37.7	36.5	38.8
Median age of the population	36.8	36.8	36.8	34.0	33.6	34.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,000	...	...	795	...	...
Single-detached house	115	...	...	75	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	230	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	335	...	...	520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	220	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,000	...	...	795	...	...
1 person	460	...	...	335	...	...
2 persons	405	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,765	835	925	1,595	785	810
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,605	760	850	1,355	665	690
Married or living common-law	845	430	410	760	380	375
Married	500	245	255	620	310	310
Living common-law	345	180	160	135	70	70
Living common law - Never married	280	150	130	120	60	60
Living common law - Separated	10	5	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	50	25	25	15	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	765	325	435	595	280	315
Not married and not living common law - Never married	565	260	310	405	225	185
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	15	20	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	135	50	85	100	35	65
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	35	5	25	60	10	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	475	...	...	430	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...	255	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	480	...	...	425	...	...
Total couple families	415	...	...	365	...	...
Married couples	250	...	...	300	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	145	...	...
Without children	175	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	170	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	150	...	...	60	...	...
Total one-parent families	55	...	...	55	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	50	...	...	45	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
Total - Persons in census families	1,135	560	575	1,140	565	575
Married spouses or common-law partners	840	425	410	740	370	370
Parents in one-parent families	60	10	50	60	15	45
Children⁶	240	120	115	345	180	160
In a two-parent family	155	80	75	265	135	125
In a one-parent family	85	45	45	80	50	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	625	280	350	455	220	235
Living alone	455	195	260	330	160	175
Living with other relatives⁷	30	15	15	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	140	70	75	75	40	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,005	...	...	795	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	455	...	...	385	...	...
Couple-family households	405	...	...	330	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	310	...	...	205	...	...
One-parent-family households	50	...	...	50	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	20	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	70	...	...	45	...	...
One-person households	455	...	...	335	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,605	755	850	1,360	665	695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,575	740	835	1,300	640	660
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,500	69,000	60,400	44,800	48,800	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,580	745	835	1,300	640	660
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	57,600	52,400	39,600	42,800	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,495	710	790	1,200	605	595
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	68,500	59,200	38,800	43,600	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,325	635	690	1,030	540	490
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,000	70,500	61,200	40,800	44,800	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,355	625	730	1,190	580	615
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	3,920	1,490	5,760	7,000	5,920	7,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	165	70	95	180	95	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	6,280	5,920	5,480	5,760	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	185	275	460	240	215
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	9,000	9,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,610	765	845	1,395	725	670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,585	750	835	1,335	695	640
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,000	87,600	75,200	50,040	52,400	47,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,585	750	835	1,335	695	640
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,000	69,200	61,300	42,960	44,600	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,480	720	760	1,245	660	585
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	79,100	85,000	73,400	44,800	46,900	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,305	655	650	1,065	580	485
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	76,600	77,800	75,400	44,900	46,200	43,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,370	625	740	1,185	615	575
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,190	7,080	9,140	9,140	9,040	9,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	140	85	60	200	120	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	7,900	7,200	6,360	6,200	6,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	200	280	460	255	205
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,360	9,000	9,600	9,240	9,200	9,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,615	765	845	1,395	725	670
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	785	400	385	505	250	255
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	86,000	86,000	86,000	60,800	68,500	58,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	102,000	101,200	102,800	68,400	74,000	63,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	435	215	215	430	260	170
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200	31,800	21,600	23,200	23,600	19,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,400	43,200	39,600	25,100	27,200	21,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.2	93.2	89.2	83.6	84.8	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.0	77.6	78.4	71.6	73.5	69.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.7	6.8	10.8	16.3	15.3	17.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	1.0	0.7	1.9	2.0	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.8	2.9	4.7	7.0	6.9	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.7	4.3	6.4	6.4	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,605	760	850	1,355	665	690
Without total income	30	15	15	55	20	30
With total income	1,580	745	830	1,300	640	660
Under $10,000 (including loss)	75	40	35	110	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	115	50	65
$20,000 to $29,999	160	55	100	175	85	85
$30,000 to $39,999	150	65	90	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	155	65	85	165	70	100
$50,000 to $59,999	120	60	60	135	70	65
$60,000 to $69,999	115	50	60	95	50	45
$70,000 to $79,999	125	65	55	85	45	45
$80,000 to $89,999	95	40	50	70	30	35
$90,000 to $99,999	95	35	55	35	20	20
$100,000 and over	415	220	190	130	90	40
$100,000 to $149,999	270	135	140	100	70	35
$150,000 and over	145	90	55	30	20	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,605	760	850	1,355	665	690
Without after-tax income	25	15	15	55	20	30
With after-tax income	1,580	745	835	1,300	640	660
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	45	35	110	45	65
$10,000 to $19,999	90	45	45	125	55	65
$20,000 to $29,999	185	65	120	205	100	105
$30,000 to $39,999	195	80	120	225	100	125
$40,000 to $49,999	160	80	80	195	100	100
$50,000 to $59,999	175	80	95	135	70	60
$60,000 to $69,999	145	75	75	110	45	65
$70,000 to $79,999	115	50	65	65	35	25
$80,000 to $89,999	125	60	65	40	30	10
$90,000 to $99,999	75	35	40	30	10	15
$100,000 and over	235	135	100	70	55	15
$100,000 to $124,999	120	65	50	50	40	10
$125,000 and over	115	70	45	20	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,605	760	850	1,355	665	690
Without employment income	285	125	160	330	125	205
With employment income	1,320	630	690	1,030	540	490
Under $5,000 (including loss)	100	40	55	125	55	70
$5,000 to $9,999	60	30	30	75	35	35
$10,000 to $19,999	110	45	70	130	65	65
$20,000 to $29,999	90	35	50	85	45	40
$30,000 to $39,999	85	45	40	105	45	60
$40,000 to $49,999	85	35	45	100	55	45
$50,000 to $59,999	85	45	40	95	45	55
$60,000 to $69,999	90	45	50	80	40	35
$70,000 to $79,999	105	55	55	60	35	30
$80,000 to $89,999	85	40	45	55	30	25
$90,000 to $99,999	80	35	50	30	15	15
$100,000 and over	355	195	155	95	70	20
$100,000 to $124,999	155	75	85	45	35	10
$125,000 and over	190	120	75	50	40	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,605	755	850	1,360	665	695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,550	725	825	1,265	620	645
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	65,500	58,400	42,400	48,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,550	725	825	1,265	620	645
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	54,400	50,400	38,400	42,400	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,480	695	785	1,170	585	580
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	65,500	58,400	41,200	46,400	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,320	630	690	1,010	520	485
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,200	68,000	59,200	42,800	46,800	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,315	595	720	1,120	535	585
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	800	710	890	1,040	960	1,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	90	45	50	90	40	45
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	5,560	7,750	8,000	7,300	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,610	765	845	1,395	725	670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,570	740	830	1,305	675	630
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	83,700	88,800	79,000	50,080	56,200	43,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,570	740	830	1,305	675	630
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,800	69,200	62,600	42,400	46,900	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,485	715	770	1,235	655	580
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	85,000	89,400	80,800	48,100	53,400	42,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,320	655	665	1,055	580	475
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	83,200	84,400	82,000	46,700	49,800	43,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,315	590	725	1,130	565	560
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,168	3,260	4,900	5,090	5,080	5,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	85	35	50	70	35	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	4,400	12,000	9,600	12,000	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,615	765	845	1,395	725	670
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	770	390	380	495	240	250
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	88,000	88,000	87,000	56,800	62,400	52,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,200	102,800	106,000	63,200	70,000	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	425	210	215	405	250	160
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,200	52,800	42,000	27,800	40,000	24,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	61,400	65,500	57,600	35,400	40,000	28,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.8	97.2	94.4	91.2	92.4	90.0
Employment income (%)	83.6	84.0	83.2	75.6	76.0	75.0
Government transfers (%)	4.2	2.9	5.4	8.8	7.6	10.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.2	0.9	1.0	1.2	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,000	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	455	...	...	335	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	54,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	545	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,020	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	125,600	...	...	81,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...	69,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	465	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	51,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	43,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	102,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,800	...	...	88,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,000	...	...	795	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	505	...	...	245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	95	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	130	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	160	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,000	...	...	795	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...	90	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	410	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	135	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 and over	190	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	485	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	182,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	600	265	335	405	200	205
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,400	64,000	60,400	51,200	51,200	50,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	54,000	51,600	45,600	44,000	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	510	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	89,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	325	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,800	...	...	79,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	575	270	305	420	240	180
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	84,400	100,000	71,000	47,800	44,400	52,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,600	77,500	58,800	40,600	37,600	44,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,765	835	925	1,595	785	810
0 to 17 years	175	95	80	265	135	125
0 to 5 years	90	50	45	125	70	60
18 to 64 years	1,415	660	755	1,095	555	545
65 years and over	175	85	90	235	95	135
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	160	75	85	240	120	120
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	60	30	30
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	35	20	20
18 to 64 years	115	50	65	145	80	65
65 years and over	10	5	10	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.0	8.4	9.4	14.9	15.4	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	18.0	20.0	23.0	20.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	x	x	28.0	28.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.6	8.4	13.2	14.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	6.0	6.0	14.0	14.0	14.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
0 to 17 years	175	90	85	265	135	130
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	125	65	60
18 to 64 years	1,415	665	755	1,095	550	545
65 years and over	175	85	85	235	95	135
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105	55	50	145	80	65
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	85	45	40	100	55	40
65 years and over	5	0	5	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.9	6.6	5.4	9.2	10.4	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.0	8.0	12.0	12.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	x	x	17.0	18.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	7.0	5.6	9.0	10.4	7.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	6.0	8.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,765	835	925	1,595	785	815
In bottom half of the distribution	590	260	330	860	400	455
In bottom decile	155	80	85	195	105	90
In second decile	140	50	90	155	75	85
In third decile	100	35	65	165	80	80
In fourth decile	75	40	35	185	80	105
In fifth decile	115	60	60	160	65	95
In top half of the distribution	1,175	580	595	735	380	355
In sixth decile	110	50	60	140	75	65
In seventh decile	160	75	80	185	80	100
In eighth decile	190	95	95	150	75	70
In ninth decile	255	125	130	150	80	70
In top decile	460	230	230	115	65	45
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,765	...	...	1,595	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.365	...	...	0.317	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.326	...	...	0.288	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
English only	1,540	750	795	1,470	720	750
French only	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	205	85	120	90	50	45
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	30	15	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
English	1,700	815	885	1,540	760	780
French	45	15	30	15	10	5
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	30	10	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
Single responses	1,710	805	905	1,460	715	745
Official languages	1,520	720	800	885	440	445
English	1,475	710	770	875	435	435
French	40	15	30	10	5	5
Non-official languages	190	85	110	570	275	300
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	85	110	570	275	300
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	50	20	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	50	20	30
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	35	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	50	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	35	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	50	65	230	115	115
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	30	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	30	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	15	5	10
Russian	5	0	0	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5	0	0	5
German	10	5	5	0	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	5	10	105	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	90	50	45
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian languages	10	0	5	15	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	70	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	10	5	5	5
Spanish	25	10	15	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	120	55	60
Chinese languages	30	10	15	120	55	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	10	80	40	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	35	25	135	70	65
English and French	15	10	5	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	115	60	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
English	1,505	715	790	895	435	455
French	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	45	20	25	140	65	75
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	140	65	75
English and French	35	15	20	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	165	75	85	510	255	255
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	25	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,765	840	925	1,595	780	810
Single responses	1,735	820	910	1,480	730	745
Official languages	1,650	790	865	1,140	565	575
English	1,630	780	845	1,140	560	575
French	20	5	15	5	5	5
Non-official languages	80	35	45	340	165	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	35	45	340	165	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	35	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	35	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	135	70	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	70	40	30
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	5	5	0	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15	40	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	15	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	75	35	45
Chinese languages	10	5	5	75	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	45	20	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	20	115	55	60
English and French	5	5	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	115	50	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,765	835	925	1,595	785	810
None	1,590	750	835	1,130	550	585
English	35	15	25	165	90	75
French	20	10	10	15	10	5
Non-official language	100	50	50	215	100	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	100	50	50	215	100	110
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	30	15	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,805	855	950	1,575	845	730
Official languages	1,785	855	935	1,555	840	715
English	1,785	855	935	1,550	840	710
French	170	80	95	100	50	50
Non-official languages	325	150	180	855	445	405
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	150	180	855	445	405
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	55	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	55	30	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	35	30	45	25	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	50	15	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	10	0	10	45	15	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	85	50	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	90	120	335	175	155
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	45	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Russian	20	10	15	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	15	40	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	40	15	25	80	40	35
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hindi	20	10	15	25	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	10	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	50	180	95	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	25	20	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	50	20	30	145	65	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	150	85	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	90	55	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	15	120	65	55
Chinese languages	25	0	15	120	65	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	60	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	0	10	90	45	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,805	850	950	1,575	845	730
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	105	35	70	40	15	25
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	105	35	70	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	10	40	15	10	0
Métis	55	25	30	20	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,700	825	880	1,530	825	710
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,805	850	950	1,575	845	730
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	0	25	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,780	850	925	1,555	830	725
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
Owner	595	...	...	365	...	...
Renter	425	...	...	460	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
Condominium	745	...	...	700	...	...
Not condominium	275	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	305	...	...	150	...	...
2 bedrooms	440	...	...	515	...	...
3 bedrooms	195	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	65	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	520	...	...	575	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	95	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	85	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	45	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,015	...	...	795	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
Suitable	995	...	...	770	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	40	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	105	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2015	105	...	...	220	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	150	...	...	575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	980	...	...	805	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
One-maintainer household	595	...	...	465	...	...
Two-maintainer household	425	...	...	340	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,025	...	...	820	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	315	...	...	235	...	...
35 to 44 years	280	...	...	165	...	...
45 to 54 years	155	...	...	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	125	...	...	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	105	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,020	...	...	810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	775	...	...	560	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	250	...	...	250	...	...
30% to less than 100%	225	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,020	...	...	820	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	285	...	...	300	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	225	...	...	240	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	735	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	995	...	...	775	...	...
In core need	130	...	...	100	...	...
Not in core need	865	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	590	...	...	360	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	68.6	...	...	69.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.5	...	...	26.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.1	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	1,505	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	458,000	...	...	368,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	425	...	...	460	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.6	...	...	34.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.6	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...	1,375	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,805	855	950	1,575	845	725
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	0	25	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	0	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	0	25	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	90	35	55	50	10	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	90	35	55	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	20	20	35	10	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	15	35	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,690	820	865	1,515	825	690
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,800	855	950	1,575	845	730
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,715	810	910	1,280	710	575
Canadian citizens aged under 18	195	95	100	180	125	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,515	715	805	1,105	585	520
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	45	40	290	135	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,800	855	950	1,575	845	730
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,505	730	780	780	430	350
Immigrants⁸¹	265	115	155	740	385	355
Before 1980	55	15	40	95	60	35
1980 to 1990	30	10	20	80	50	35
1991 to 2000	65	30	35	105	40	60
2001 to 2010	50	15	30	180	95	85
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	35	30	285	145	140
2011 to 2015	35	15	15	75	50	30
2016 to 2021	30	20	15	210	95	110
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	10	20	55	30	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	265	115	150	740	390	355
Under 5 years	45	10	35	75	45	30
5 to 14 years	70	30	35	90	55	40
15 to 24 years	45	20	30	160	80	80
25 to 44 years	90	50	35	350	185	165
45 years and over	15	0	15	70	25	40
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	265	115	150	740	390	355
Americas	25	0	25	135	70	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	20	15
Europe	140	75	65	140	75	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	25	25	35	20	20
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	35	15	25
Africa	40	15	20	165	85	80
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	50	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	20	40	10	30
Asia	55	10	40	305	160	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	60	30	25
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	75	40	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	25	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	20	15	205	95	115
Americas	0	0	0	45	20	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	20	15	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	25	15	10	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	15	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	85	45	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	65	40	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	60	20	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,805	850	950	1,575	845	730
First generation¹⁰⁰	315	135	180	800	415	390
Second generation¹⁰¹	425	205	220	380	200	180
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,060	515	545	390	230	160
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	210	100	115	650	325	320
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	115	65	50	360	205	160
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	25	20	175	105	75
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	70	40	30	185	100	85
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	30	35	180	60	120
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	0	25	80	60	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	210	100	115	650	325	320
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	60	45	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	15	65	40	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25	20	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	30	20	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	165	80	80	460	205	255
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,805	850	945	1,575	845	730
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	335	140	195	895	475	415
South Asian	65	20	45	135	70	70
Chinese	90	40	45	150	80	70
Black	45	20	20	290	165	130
Filipino	0	0	0	85	55	35
Arab	60	30	25	50	25	30
Latin American	15	0	10	45	30	20
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	75	25	50
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japanese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	20	20	15	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,465	710	755	685	370	315
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,800	855	950	1,575	845	730
Canadian	120	70	55	75	35	40
English	545	285	265	150	75	75
Irish	305	130	175	125	55	70
Scottish	445	210	235	115	60	60
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	120	60	75	40	35
German	280	130	150	110	70	40
Chinese	65	35	35	160	90	75
Italian	80	45	40	60	35	25
Indian (India)	60	15	45	85	45	45
Ukrainian	130	65	60	25	0	20
Dutch	70	40	25	40	25	10
Polish	65	40	25	35	20	10
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	35	50	15	0	10
Filipino	10	0	10	85	55	25
French Canadian	30	10	20	10	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	30	10	15	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	40	0	40	25	10	15
Métis	55	15	40	15	0	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	15	10	20	15	0
Russian	40	10	30	35	25	0
Norwegian	40	0	35	10	10	0
Welsh	30	15	10	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
American	10	10	0	15	0	15
Spanish	25	20	10	50	30	20
Swedish	30	10	20	30	15	15
Hungarian	15	0	10	15	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	75	40	35
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	60	25	40
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	20	0	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	25	0	25	10	0	0
Lebanese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	15	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	15	15	0	10	10	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	15	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	25	15	20	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	15	0	10
Egyptian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	65	45	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Irish	15	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	30	25	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,805	850	950	1,575	845	730
Buddhist	15	0	15	90	30	55
Christian	470	195	280	815	420	395
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	115	50	65	270	140	125
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	35	20	15	40	30	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	185	65	120	330	175	155
Christian Orthodox	40	10	25	10	0	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lutheran	15	0	15	10	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	25	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	30	25	10	50	20	25
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	30	0	30	45	15	30
Hindu	0	0	0	55	25	25
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	125	60	65	130	75	60
Sikh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,145	585	560	470	285	185
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,790	845	950	1,565	835	730
Non-movers	1,325	615	710	1,140	595	550
Movers	465	225	240	420	240	180
Non-migrants	370	180	190	285	170	115
Migrants	100	45	50	135	70	70
Internal migrants	90	40	45	70	35	40
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	15	45	20	30
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	30	30	20	10
External migrants	0	0	0	65	30	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,740	830	915	1,495	795	700
Non-movers	715	335	380	395	205	185
Movers	1,030	495	535	1,100	585	515
Non-migrants	645	315	330	600	330	270
Migrants	385	180	205	500	260	245
Internal migrants	315	140	175	305	170	135
Intraprovincial migrants	135	65	70	145	70	75
Interprovincial migrants	180	75	105	155	100	60
External migrants	65	35	30	195	90	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,615	765	845	1,400	725	670
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	85	45	40	85	45	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,525	720	805	1,310	680	630
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,385	670	715	1,000	540	460
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	15	25	25	25	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,345	650	690	975	520	460
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,610	765	850	1,395	725	670
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	35	30	80	45	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	275	130	145	365	195	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,265	595	670	945	485	465
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	175	225	385	200	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	50	20	60	35	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	25	0	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	40	0	40	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	280	105	175	300	160	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	30	20	0	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	870	420	450	560	285	280
Bachelor's degree	645	345	300	360	170	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	35	25	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	15	25	0	20
Master's degree	155	60	95	130	75	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0	20	15	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,380	665	720	1,000	540	455
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	10	20	25	25	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	200	105	100	225	125	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,145	550	600	750	395	360
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	160	195	295	160	130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	50	20	40	25	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	15	15	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	40	0	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	240	100	145	240	140	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	30	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	790	385	400	460	235	230
Bachelor's degree	585	310	270	285	135	150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	20	30	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	20	25	0	20
Master's degree	140	55	80	105	60	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	20	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,610	770	845	1,395	725	670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	345	170	175	450	240	210
Education	85	10	75	35	10	25
13. Education	85	10	75	35	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	35	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	15	10	10
Humanities	45	10	35	60	15	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	120	120	45	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	15	35	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	20	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	25	0	15
45. Social sciences	45	25	20	25	10	15
Business, management and public administration	250	125	125	235	80	150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	120	110	220	80	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	25	45	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	20	65	65	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	50	45	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	285	220	70	200	170	30
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	20	20	0
14. Engineering	160	110	50	80	60	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	55	45	0	45	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	25	25	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	10	25	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	10	0	0
Health and related fields	135	45	90	140	45	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	20	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	125	45	80	115	30	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	25	30	30	15	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,385	665	715	1,000	540	460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	235	115	120	245	145	100
Education	70	10	65	25	0	20
13. Education	70	10	65	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	20	30	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	20	30	15	0	10
Humanities	45	0	30	40	15	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	40	100	100	40	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	20	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	10	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	20	0	10
45. Social sciences	40	20	20	25	10	15
Business, management and public administration	225	115	115	185	70	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	110	100	175	70	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	30	40	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	35	20	60	60	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	30	10	50	45	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	285	215	65	140	115	25
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	20	20	0
14. Engineering	155	105	50	65	50	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	50	40	10	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	20	20	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	10	25	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	125	50	80	115	35	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	25	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	115	45	65	95	25	65
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	15	20	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	20	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,385	665	715	1,000	540	460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	115	120	245	145	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,145	550	595	750	390	360
Location of study inside Canada	1,025	475	555	465	260	210
Same as province or territory of residence	665	350	315	345	195	150
Different than province or territory of residence	365	125	235	125	65	60
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	115	75	45	285	135	150
Americas	35	25	10	75	30	40
United States of America	30	25	0	30	25	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	65	40	30	40	15	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	15	20	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	15	15	0	80	50	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	55	40	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	95	35	50
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	20	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,610	765	850	1,395	725	670
In the labour force	1,275	625	645	1,025	575	450
Employed	1,145	585	565	900	505	395
Unemployed	125	45	85	120	65	55
Not in the labour force	335	140	195	370	155	215
Participation rate	79.2	81.7	75.9	73.5	79.3	67.2
Employment rate	71.1	76.5	66.5	64.5	69.7	59.0
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.2	13.2	11.7	11.3	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,610	770	845	1,395	725	670
Did not work¹⁸⁶	330	130	195	415	185	225
Worked	1,280	630	650	985	540	445
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	790	400	390	520	255	265
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	490	230	255	465	285	180
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.1	42.8	40.1	38.5	42.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,275	630	645	1,025	570	450
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	30	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,260	625	640	990	560	435
Employee	1,080	535	545	910	500	415
Permanent position	910	465	445	730	375	355
Temporary position	175	70	105	180	120	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	80	15	60	65	35	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	95	50	45	110	90	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	175	85	90	85	60	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,275	630	645	1,025	570	450
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	30	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,260	625	640	990	560	435
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	275	80	190	195	75	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	245	175	70	115	110	10
3 Health occupations	120	40	80	90	20	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	180	50	135	125	45	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	15	20	30	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	250	125	120	265	140	125
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	110	100	10	145	140	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	10	0	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,275	630	645	1,025	570	450
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	30	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	1,260	625	640	990	560	435
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	45	25	25	20	0
22 Utilities	40	20	20	15	15	0
23 Construction	90	80	10	45	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	65	55	15	25	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	0	45	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	90	30	60	135	75	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	20	80	80	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	70	40	25	65	20	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	10	25	20	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	105	80	160	100	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	20	0	45	25	20
61 Educational services	105	15	90	50	20	30
62 Health care and social assistance	195	55	140	180	35	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	0	20	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	40	20	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	75	15	60	25	10	15
91 Public administration	70	40	30	25	20	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,345	665	685	1,085	605	480
English	1,320	650	665	1,035	580	455
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	30	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,345	665	685	1,085	605	480
Single responses	1,345	665	685	1,070	605	470
Official languages	1,345	665	680	1,065	595	470
English	1,340	665	675	1,065	595	470
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,345	665	685	1,085	605	480
None	1,325	650	670	1,050	595	460
English	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	10	0	20	0	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	20	0	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,145	585	560	900	510	395
Worked at home	450	210	240	205	115	90
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	125	100	20	120	90	35
Usual place of work	575	275	295	570	295	270
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	570	275	300	570	295	275
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	535	240	295	520	275	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	25	0	35	10	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	700	375	320	695	385	305
Car, truck or van	545	295	250	590	325	260
Car, truck or van - as a driver	495	260	235	540	310	235
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	55	35	15	45	15	30
Public transit	25	15	15	45	30	20
Walked	65	35	25	15	10	0
Bicycle	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other method	15	0	10	35	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	700	375	320	695	385	305
Less than 15 minutes	235	110	125	125	65	60
15 to 29 minutes	345	190	160	335	195	145
30 to 44 minutes	75	50	30	165	85	75
45 to 59 minutes	25	20	10	35	25	10
60 minutes and over	15	10	0	35	15	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	700	375	320	695	385	305
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	20	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	75	30	105	70	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	225	95	135	205	100	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	145	80	70	125	80	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	135	70	60	120	55	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	55	30	30	125	70	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	175	95	85	265	135	130
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	10	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	80	75	265	135	125
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	55	45	150	75	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	40	150	75	75

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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