Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060752More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062371More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	663	...	...	1,106	...	...	13,230	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	308	...	...	276	...	...	3,757	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	289	...	...	263	...	...	3,573	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,587.7	...	...	5,778.5	...	...	1,247.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.18	...	...	0.19	...	...	10.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	665	340	325	1,105	565	540	13,230	6,475	6,755
0 to 14 years	120	65	60	225	115	110	3,330	1,680	1,650
0 to 4 years	50	30	20	60	30	35	1,450	730	720
5 to 9 years	45	20	20	70	35	30	1,065	550	510
10 to 14 years	25	15	15	95	50	45	815	395	415
15 to 64 years	495	250	240	775	395	380	8,920	4,405	4,515
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	90	45	40	660	320	340
20 to 24 years	45	20	25	85	50	35	755	380	375
25 to 29 years	45	20	25	75	40	40	1,155	510	640
30 to 34 years	70	35	40	90	40	50	1,800	885	910
35 to 39 years	80	35	45	90	40	55	1,480	740	740
40 to 44 years	70	40	30	100	55	45	1,105	555	550
45 to 49 years	45	25	25	70	35	35	725	390	335
50 to 54 years	45	20	25	60	30	30	475	250	225
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	60	25	30	380	195	190
60 to 64 years	35	20	15	60	30	30	390	185	205
65 years and over	50	25	20	105	55	50	975	385	595
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	40	25	20	340	160	180
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	30	15	15	170	80	95
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	20	10	10	155	75	85
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	15	5	10	90	35	50
85 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	0	220	35	190
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	5	0	0	115	20	95
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	10	80
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	19.1	18.5	20.4	20.4	20.4	25.2	25.9	24.4
15 to 64 years	74.4	73.5	73.8	70.1	69.9	70.4	67.4	68.0	66.8
65 years and over	7.5	7.4	6.2	9.5	9.7	9.3	7.4	5.9	8.8
85 years and over	0.8	0.0	1.5	0.5	0.0	0.0	1.7	0.5	2.8
Average age of the population	36.2	37.1	35.3	35.4	35.1	35.7	31.9	31.1	32.7
Median age of the population	37.2	38.0	36.0	34.4	33.6	35.2	32.0	32.0	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	285	...	...	265	...	...	3,575	...	...
Single-detached house	80	...	...	245	...	...	1,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	0	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	20	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	290	...	...	260	...	...	3,570	...	...
1 person	80	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	35	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	45	...	...	775	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	70	...	...	925	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	105	...	...	880	...	...
Number of persons in private households	665	340	325	1,105	570	540	12,770	6,315	6,455
Average household size	2.3	...	...	4.2	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	545	280	270	880	450	430	9,900	4,795	5,105
Married or living common-law	325	165	160	565	285	285	6,590	3,285	3,300
Married	245	125	125	550	275	280	6,205	3,095	3,105
Living common-law	80	45	40	15	10	10	385	190	200
Living common law - Never married	65	35	30	10	5	5	310	145	160
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	0	0	0	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	215	110	110	315	165	150	3,310	1,505	1,800
Not married and not living common law - Never married	160	80	75	255	145	110	2,365	1,270	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	10	10	5	0	5	160	50	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	10	20	30	10	15	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	25	10	15	470	70	400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	190	...	...	300	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	90	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	70	...	...	1,005	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	100	...	...	1,030	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	40	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	300	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total couple families	165	...	...	270	...	...	3,135	...	...
Married couples	125	...	...	265	...	...	2,940	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	195	...	...	2,215	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	70	...	...	730	...	...
Common-law couples	40	...	...	10	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	25	...	...	360	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	20	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	665	340	325	1,105	570	540	12,765	6,315	6,455
Total - Persons in census families	525	260	260	1,000	510	490	11,460	5,640	5,815
Married spouses or common-law partners	325	170	160	540	270	270	6,270	3,125	3,150
Parents in one-parent families	25	10	15	30	0	25	360	50	305
Children⁶	175	85	90	430	235	195	4,825	2,470	2,355
In a two-parent family	135	65	70	380	210	170	4,250	2,170	2,075
In a one-parent family	40	20	20	45	20	30	580	300	280
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	140	80	60	105	60	45	1,310	670	635
Living alone	85	45	40	15	10	5	355	180	175
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	0	45	20	25	585	280	300
Living with non-relatives only	40	20	20	45	25	15	375	210	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	290	...	...	265	...	...	3,570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	175	...	...	145	...	...	2,275	...	...
Couple-family households	150	...	...	135	...	...	2,075	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	115	...	...	1,640	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	20	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	15	...	...	200	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	60	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	25	...	...	280	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
One-person households	85	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	540	275	265	880	450	430	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	265	250	810	415	395	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,000	67,000	51,200	34,400	36,400	32,400	41,600	47,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	265	250	815	420	395	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	56,000	45,200	32,000	33,600	30,600	37,600	42,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	485	245	240	685	375	310	7,940	4,110	3,830
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200	67,500	50,000	29,800	31,400	27,800	37,600	45,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	215	215	630	340	290	7,395	3,785	3,610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	67,000	47,200	28,400	27,000	30,000	36,400	44,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	435	210	225	755	375	380	8,095	3,910	4,185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,480	4,240	4,880	7,350	6,120	9,200	6,200	2,980	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	25	30	110	55	55	1,360	520	845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,600	5,560	3,600	5,760	5,440	5,960	6,000	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	85	85	340	175	165	3,765	1,770	1,995
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	10,000	9,800	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	550	265	285	840	435	410	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	250	280	800	410	390	8,900	4,365	4,535
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	105,200	142,000	72,000	39,200	38,800	39,600	46,240	52,800	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	250	280	800	410	390	8,905	4,365	4,540
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	76,800	99,000	57,600	34,700	34,600	35,000	40,240	45,120	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	235	255	720	380	340	8,005	4,105	3,905
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	104,400	144,000	68,500	32,300	32,000	32,400	41,680	49,440	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	220	230	665	350	315	7,475	3,790	3,680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	103,200	138,000	71,000	31,800	31,300	32,400	41,280	48,440	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	465	210	250	745	365	375	8,150	3,925	4,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	7,450	8,100	10,920	9,920	11,880	9,570	7,120	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	60	40	25	135	60	75	1,500	545	960
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,800	6,800	6,700	6,800	6,800	8,000	6,640	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	185	95	90	400	185	215	3,850	1,730	2,120
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,300	9,200	10,440	10,800	10,100	9,220	8,910	9,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	550	265	285	840	430	405	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	220	105	120	215	115	100	3,190	1,900	1,290
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	102,000	108,000	87,000	45,200	31,000	50,000	56,400	61,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	129,000	150,000	110,000	51,200	45,000	58,000	60,450	65,200	53,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	105	90	345	180	165	3,285	1,430	1,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	28,000	16,000	15,400	22,000	11,500	21,000	24,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	89,000	136,000	35,500	24,200	28,000	20,000	28,040	31,600	25,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	93.0	96.0	90.0	74.0	77.5	71.0	81.0	87.8	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	85.0	86.0	84.0	67.6	69.0	66.0	75.0	79.6	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	6.6	4.5	10.4	25.9	22.8	29.2	18.9	12.1	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.7	0.9	2.9	2.4	3.2	2.9	1.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.0	2.2	4.3	14.5	13.8	15.3	9.4	7.2	12.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.7	2.0	4.0	13.5	12.8	14.2	8.6	6.7	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	545	280	270	880	450	430	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without total income	30	15	10	65	30	35	570	255	315
With total income	515	260	255	815	420	395	8,865	4,375	4,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	15	105	40	65	825	310	515
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	105	50	60	840	355	480
$20,000 to $29,999	55	20	35	140	80	60	1,260	570	695
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	30	130	55	70	1,305	510	800
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	20	95	45	50	1,215	610	605
$50,000 to $59,999	35	10	20	85	55	35	980	505	475
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	55	35	25	780	430	350
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	35	15	20	560	340	220
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	20	10	10	370	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	10	15	15	0	255	165	90
$100,000 and over	160	95	65	30	15	10	480	345	135
$100,000 to $149,999	70	35	35	25	15	10	380	265	120
$150,000 and over	90	60	30	0	0	0	95	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	545	280	270	880	450	430	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without after-tax income	30	15	10	65	30	35	565	255	315
With after-tax income	515	260	255	815	420	395	8,865	4,375	4,495
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	20	15	105	45	65	830	315	520
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	115	55	60	870	370	500
$20,000 to $29,999	65	25	45	155	90	75	1,475	650	820
$30,000 to $39,999	70	40	25	145	70	75	1,585	690	900
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	25	115	65	50	1,420	725	695
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	20	85	50	35	1,065	590	480
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	35	15	20	700	425	275
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	15	20	15	5	395	245	150
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	25	15	15	225	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	30	10	15	5	0	0	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	120	80	45	10	5	0	200	155	45
$100,000 to $124,999	35	25	10	5	0	0	130	90	35
$125,000 and over	80	55	30	0	0	0	70	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	545	280	270	880	450	430	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without employment income	115	65	50	250	115	140	2,040	845	1,200
With employment income	435	215	220	625	335	290	7,400	3,790	3,610
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	95	45	45	705	295	410
$5,000 to $9,999	25	5	20	75	40	35	675	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	45	15	30	80	40	40	910	395	510
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	15	75	45	30	850	415	435
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	10	80	40	45	825	375	450
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	10	60	25	35	805	400	405
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	60	35	25	715	380	330
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	35	15	20	585	335	250
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	25	15	10	425	285	145
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	15	10	10	0	295	195	100
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	10	10	10	0	195	135	60
$100,000 and over	135	85	55	20	15	10	405	300	105
$100,000 to $124,999	35	15	20	15	5	10	240	165	80
$125,000 and over	105	70	35	5	5	0	160	130	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	540	275	265	880	450	430	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	260	255	775	390	385	8,655	4,285	4,370
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,600	69,500	52,400	31,200	36,000	27,200	39,200	46,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	260	255	775	390	385	8,660	4,285	4,375
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	58,400	44,800	29,600	34,400	26,000	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	240	240	665	360	305	7,795	4,025	3,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,800	74,500	51,200	31,800	36,400	29,800	39,600	47,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	215	215	620	335	285	7,370	3,775	3,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,400	76,000	49,600	31,600	31,800	31,000	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	400	195	205	710	350	360	7,755	3,775	3,980
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	930	890	1,000	1,370	1,010	4,240	1,050	900	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	15	20	70	30	35	885	295	595
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	x	10,500	7,050	7,400	6,500	6,800	4,760	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	550	265	285	840	435	410	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	240	280	780	385	390	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	120,800	178,000	71,500	35,700	37,400	34,000	43,440	50,400	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	240	280	780	385	390	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,400	116,000	57,200	31,550	33,000	30,200	37,840	43,000	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	485	230	260	705	365	340	7,870	4,040	3,825
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	124,400	184,000	72,500	34,600	36,000	33,200	43,360	51,250	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	205	225	660	345	310	7,450	3,820	3,635
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	127,200	190,000	71,500	34,000	35,000	32,800	42,680	49,600	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	425	185	240	695	355	335	7,775	3,785	3,995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,920	3,320	4,400	4,750	3,500	6,060	4,520	2,324	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	0	75	30	45	1,000	305	695
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	...	...	8,400	8,500	8,000	8,800	6,080	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	550	265	285	840	430	405	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	95	115	215	115	100	3,155	1,880	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	101,000	100,000	103,000	38,800	28,000	45,600	50,400	55,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	140,000	172,000	114,000	46,000	43,000	50,000	56,200	61,750	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	95	90	320	170	150	3,035	1,330	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	34,000	20,000	29,600	35,200	18,000	30,200	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	134,000	228,000	35,000	30,400	36,000	24,000	35,240	40,960	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	97.0	98.0	94.0	88.0	91.0	85.0	90.6	96.0	83.6
Employment income (%)	89.0	92.0	82.0	80.4	84.0	77.0	84.6	87.8	80.2
Government transfers (%)	2.7	1.5	5.3	11.9	8.7	15.5	9.3	4.1	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	x	x	2.2	1.8	2.6	2.3	0.9	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	290	...	...	260	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	85	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	x	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	x	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	205	...	...	250	...	...	3,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	280	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	194,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	20	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	230	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	238,000	...	...	127,000	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	290	...	...	260	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	170	...	...	160	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	50	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	35	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	290	...	...	260	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	145	...	...	130	...	...	1,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	50	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	95	...	...	50	...	...	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	190	...	...	250	...	...	3,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	4.2	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	30	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	70,500	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	63,600	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	190	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	252,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.7	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	20	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	x	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	x	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	125	65	55	55	35	20	725	385	335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	39,200	42,000	35,600	36,000	26,800	46,400	46,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	35,200	39,600	32,000	32,000	26,200	41,200	41,200	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	195	...	...	225	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	242,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	107,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	20	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	180	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	280,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	108,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	15	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	130	60	70	80	45	35	770	355	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	70,000	88,000	54,000	56,000	39,000	76,000	55,100	55,800	54,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,000	74,000	46,000	46,000	34,000	60,000	46,300	46,600	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	665	340	325	1,110	565	540	12,770	6,310	6,455
0 to 17 years	140	70	70	280	150	130	3,725	1,870	1,850
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	70	35	35	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	475	240	230	720	365	355	8,435	4,150	4,285
65 years and over	50	25	20	105	55	50	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60	30	25	85	40	50	675	320	350
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	30	15	20	270	135	135
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	5	5	0	130	75	60
18 to 64 years	40	25	15	50	20	25	375	175	200
65 years and over	10	5	0	10	5	5	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	9.5	8.5	7.7	6.8	8.8	5.3	5.1	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.0	12.0	11.0	9.0	14.0	7.4	7.2	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	12.0	x	7.9	8.8	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	9.0	8.0	6.6	5.6	7.6	4.5	4.2	4.7
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	x	8.0	8.0	x	3.8	4.5	3.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,765	6,315	6,455
0 to 17 years	140	75	65	275	150	130	3,725	1,875	1,855
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	70	35	35	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	470	240	235	720	360	360	8,430	4,145	4,290
65 years and over	50	30	25	105	60	50	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	45	15	25	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	10	5	5	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	60	30	25
18 to 64 years	35	15	20	30	10	15	240	115	125
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.4	6.0	3.8	2.8	4.8	3.0	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	x	x	4.0	2.5	x	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	8.0	7.0	4.0	3.2	5.0	2.9	2.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	665	340	325	1,105	565	540	12,770	6,310	6,455
In bottom half of the distribution	220	110	105	565	290	275	6,730	3,280	3,450
In bottom decile	55	30	25	70	30	40	610	295	315
In second decile	45	25	25	80	45	35	1,035	505	535
In third decile	35	20	10	145	80	70	1,395	675	725
In fourth decile	40	15	25	125	65	65	1,685	835	850
In fifth decile	45	20	25	135	75	65	2,005	975	1,030
In top half of the distribution	445	230	215	545	280	260	6,040	3,035	3,005
In sixth decile	45	25	20	155	85	70	1,615	795	815
In seventh decile	25	10	10	145	75	75	1,625	820	805
In eighth decile	55	25	25	110	60	50	1,445	715	730
In ninth decile	75	35	40	95	45	50	945	490	460
In top decile	240	130	115	35	20	15	410	220	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	665	...	...	1,105	...	...	12,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.420	...	...	0.219	...	...	0.230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.472	...	...	0.320	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.363	...	...	0.202	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	6.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,590
English only	590	315	275	945	505	440	11,615	5,820	5,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	75	25	45	25	5	15	435	190	240
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	140	55	85	900	355	540
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	645	335	315	960	510	450	11,870	5,915	5,955
French	10	10	10	5	5	5	120	55	65
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5	95	55	40
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	140	55	85	875	350	530
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	645	335	310	1,040	530	510	11,530	5,660	5,870
Official languages	560	295	265	290	145	145	3,625	1,795	1,825
English	550	285	265	290	145	145	3,510	1,745	1,765
French	10	10	5	0	0	0	110	50	65
Non-official languages	85	40	40	750	385	360	7,905	3,865	4,045
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	40	40	750	385	360	7,905	3,865	4,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	210	95	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	35	15	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	20	10	15	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	20	10	10	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	30	20	15	970	435	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5	65	35	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	10	825	365	455
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	240	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5	135	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	635	330	300	6,085	3,025	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	625	325	300	5,780	2,870	2,910
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	605	315	290	5,425	2,690	2,740
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5	90	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	350	170	180
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	15	340	170	170
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10	75	30	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	475	250	220	3,920	1,940	1,980
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	25	585	295	290
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	355	180	170
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	10	70	35	35
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	215	115	100
Dari	0	0	0	10	5	5	150	75	75
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	5	0	5	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	5	0	0	250	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	20	10	15	135	60	75
Chinese languages	10	5	5	10	5	10	130	55	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	5	0	5	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	10	70	35	30	1,430	715	720
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	65	35	30	1,255	615	640
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	120	65	60
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	565	290	275	255	125	125	3,435	1,700	1,730
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Non-official language	20	10	10	405	200	205	3,140	1,515	1,630
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	405	200	205	3,140	1,515	1,625
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0	80	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	410	225	185	5,860	2,900	2,955
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	0	5	85	50	40
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	320	150	170
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	665	340	320	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	645	335	310	1,005	505	495	11,355	5,585	5,765
Official languages	620	320	300	360	180	180	5,050	2,480	2,570
English	620	315	300	355	175	180	4,990	2,455	2,535
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Non-official languages	30	20	10	645	325	315	6,305	3,110	3,200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	645	325	315	6,305	3,110	3,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10	690	320	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	15	10	645	295	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	215	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5	140	65	75
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	0	570	290	280	5,080	2,535	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	565	285	280	4,885	2,430	2,450
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	545	275	270	4,650	2,315	2,340
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	145
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	5	280	145	135
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	10	70	30	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	460	240	225	3,455	1,710	1,745
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	25	465	240	220
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5	235	120	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0	85	45	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	5	0	5	190	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	20	10	15	85	40	45
Chinese languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	0	5	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	10	105	65	40	1,610	785	820
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	105	65	35	1,530	745	785
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	665	340	325	1,105	570	540	12,965	6,375	6,585
None	595	310	290	750	385	365	7,835	3,825	4,005
English	15	10	5	190	105	85	2,310	1,170	1,140
French	10	0	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Non-official language	35	15	15	115	60	60	1,890	910	980
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	115	60	60	1,890	910	980
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	15	15	570	290	280
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	20	5	10	255	130	130
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	655	315	335	990	505	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Official languages	645	315	335	870	465	405	11,950	5,935	6,015
English	645	315	335	870	465	405	11,940	5,930	6,010
French	60	25	40	15	0	10	360	180	180
Non-official languages	140	75	70	890	445	445	10,225	5,065	5,160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	140	75	70	890	445	445	10,225	5,065	5,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	175	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	30	150	70	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	80	40	40	1,335	615	720
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	80	40	40	1,295	600	700
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	335	175	155
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	20	15	185	100	90
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	45	680	345	335	7,540	3,815	3,725
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	75	30	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	25	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	680	345	335	7,160	3,640	3,525
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	655	330	325	6,820	3,460	3,360
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	20	190	105	85
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0	520	280	240
Hindi	0	0	0	155	75	75	2,440	1,250	1,195
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	55	30	25	85	40	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	455	220	235	4,945	2,480	2,475
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	140	85	55	1,100	565	535
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	440	235	210
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	0	0	0	395	190	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	35	10	25	0	0	0	300	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	205	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	50	15	35	210	95	125
Chinese languages	20	10	10	45	15	30	210	95	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	10	0	0	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	25	10	15	155	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	650	315	340	985	500	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	10	10	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	10	10	0	0	0	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
Métis	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	630	310	325	985	500	485	12,760	6,280	6,480
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	650	315	340	985	500	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	645	315	330	985	500	485	12,790	6,300	6,495
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Owner	150	...	...	215	...	...	3,125	...	...
Renter	135	...	...	35	...	...	455	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	0	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	265	...	...	250	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	15	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	110	...	...	90	...	...	1,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	140	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	60	...	...	55	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	50	...	...	875	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	55	...	...	555	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	30	...	...	365	...	...
8 or more rooms	120	...	...	60	...	...	445	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	285	...	...	225	...	...	3,205	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	25	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Suitable	285	...	...	220	...	...	3,140	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	35	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
1960 or before	85	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	40	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	110	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	25	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2015	55	...	...	55	...	...	720	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	45	...	...	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	270	...	...	235	...	...	3,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
One-maintainer household	155	...	...	80	...	...	1,180	...	...
Two-maintainer household	115	...	...	105	...	...	1,910	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	70	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	30	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	55	...	...	1,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	85	...	...	670	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	45	...	...	285	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	35	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	280	...	...	245	...	...	3,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	190	...	...	2,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	60	...	...	60	...	...	1,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	60	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	285	...	...	250	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	100	...	...	1,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	60	...	...	1,010	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	25	...	...	345	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	210	...	...	150	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	275	...	...	245	...	...	3,550	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	25	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	240	...	...	230	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	150	...	...	215	...	...	3,130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.3	...	...	86.0	...	...	96.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.7	...	...	23.3	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	7.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	3,000	...	...	2,280	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,560	...	...	2,040	...	...	2,238	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...	448,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	440,000	...	...	442,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	35	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	32.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.9	...	...	0.0	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	2,100	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,700	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	650	315	335	990	505	480	12,825	6,315	6,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	15	20	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	15	20	0	0	0	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	20	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	620	300	320	990	505	480	12,745	6,270	6,480
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	650	315	335	990	505	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	630	310	325	770	385	380	8,795	4,395	4,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	120	60	55	190	100	95	3,325	1,670	1,660
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	515	250	265	575	290	285	5,470	2,725	2,740
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	0	15	220	115	100	4,035	1,915	2,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	650	315	335	990	505	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	545	265	280	325	160	170	4,375	2,180	2,195
Immigrants⁸¹	105	50	55	610	305	310	8,015	3,900	4,120
Before 1980	20	0	10	25	15	10	115	55	60
1980 to 1990	25	20	10	45	20	25	180	85	95
1991 to 2000	45	15	30	140	65	75	770	405	370
2001 to 2010	20	10	10	190	90	100	2,275	1,110	1,165
2011 to 2021⁸²	0	0	0	205	110	90	4,675	2,245	2,430
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	155	95	70	2,235	1,120	1,115
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	45	25	30	2,440	1,130	1,310
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	50	40	10	440	230	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	110	55	55	615	305	305	8,015	3,900	4,115
Under 5 years	30	10	20	25	10	15	555	230	320
5 to 14 years	30	15	10	85	60	25	1,020	545	470
15 to 24 years	20	10	10	140	50	95	1,635	760	870
25 to 44 years	25	10	15	275	155	125	3,910	1,920	1,990
45 years and over	0	0	0	80	35	45	910	445	470
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	110	55	55	615	305	305	8,015	3,900	4,115
Americas	20	0	10	15	0	10	295	150	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	50	20	30	0	0	0	205	85	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	770	370	400
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	55
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0	305	155	145
Asia	30	20	15	580	285	290	6,675	3,255	3,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	90	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	20	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	60	30	30	1,265	595	670
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	10	25	110	55	55
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	15	125	75	55
India	0	0	0	305	155	150	3,940	1,965	1,980
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	40	35	600	295	310
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	65	35	30	225	90	135
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	45	20	25	2,445	1,130	1,310
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	45	20	25	1,975	915	1,060
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	10	20	1,325	635	695
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0	420	170	245
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	650	315	335	985	500	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
First generation¹⁰⁰	115	55	60	660	345	315	8,525	4,180	4,350
Second generation¹⁰¹	165	95	75	260	125	140	3,475	1,725	1,745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	365	160	205	65	35	25	830	405	425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	85	40	45	590	290	295	7,905	3,845	4,055
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	10	35	215	110	105	4,200	2,230	1,970
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	15	10	0	90	50	40	1,845	1,230	615
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	0	25	125	60	65	2,355	1,000	1,355
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	25	0	250	105	140	2,875	1,175	1,700
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	110	65	45	770	400	370
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	85	40	45	590	290	295	7,905	3,845	4,055
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	60	45	10	320	215	105
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	0	35	15	20	795	365	435
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	25	10	10	775	525	245
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	70	35	40	470	220	250	5,930	2,695	3,235
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	650	315	340	985	500	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	105	50	60	930	470	460	11,765	5,790	5,970
South Asian	25	20	10	715	365	345	7,195	3,635	3,560
Chinese	25	15	10	30	15	15	195	90	105
Black	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	570	625
Filipino	0	0	0	90	45	45	1,655	765	895
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	120
Latin American	25	10	15	0	0	0	240	110	130
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	50	25	30	240	105	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	125
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15	20	0	20	230	95	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	545	265	280	60	35	25	1,065	515	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	650	315	335	990	505	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian	30	10	20	15	0	15	445	180	265
English	200	105	90	15	0	0	265	110	155
Irish	165	95	65	0	0	0	265	120	145
Scottish	195	95	105	35	20	20	235	130	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	25	35	0	0	0	145	80	65
German	140	70	70	0	0	0	265	120	150
Chinese	35	20	20	65	30	40	285	110	175
Italian	15	10	10	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indian (India)	15	10	10	265	150	115	3,355	1,705	1,650
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0	0	0	120	45	75
Dutch	35	15	15	0	0	0	40	15	25
Polish	45	25	20	0	0	0	70	25	45
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	0	25
Filipino	0	0	0	80	40	40	1,585	730	860
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0	60	15	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10	130	45	80
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	30	15	20	0	0	0	30	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	110	65	40	655	320	335
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	120	135
Jewish	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	175	80	90	1,550	775	775
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	25	15	15	280	135	150
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	165	75	90	1,105	550	555
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	225
Mexican	15	10	15	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Croatian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	40	35
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	100
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15	40	25	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	45	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	55	30	25	90	35	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	650	315	340	985	500	485	12,830	6,310	6,520
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	85
Christian	325	140	190	175	100	75	3,660	1,740	1,920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	85	40	50	30	20	10	965	435	525
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catholic	175	75	100	110	60	55	1,940	940	995
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	0	0	0	0	0	210	90	120
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Hindu	0	0	0	100	55	45	1,440	740	700
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	195	115	85	2,110	1,070	1,040
Sikh	0	0	0	405	185	220	4,215	2,105	2,115
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	290	155	135	105	50	55	1,270	605	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	650	310	335	980	500	485	12,495	6,125	6,365
Non-movers	520	245	275	880	455	430	10,085	4,950	5,140
Movers	125	65	60	100	45	55	2,410	1,175	1,230
Non-migrants	105	50	50	80	35	45	1,795	885	905
Migrants	25	15	15	20	10	10	610	295	320
Internal migrants	15	10	0	0	0	0	420	215	205
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	145	115
External migrants	10	0	10	20	10	10	195	80	115
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	610	295	320	945	485	460	11,265	5,520	5,745
Non-movers	270	130	145	685	350	345	2,500	1,290	1,215
Movers	335	160	175	260	135	120	8,765	4,235	4,530
Non-migrants	195	85	110	165	85	75	6,065	2,940	3,130
Migrants	145	75	60	95	50	40	2,700	1,295	1,400
Internal migrants	125	70	55	20	10	15	1,215	620	595
Intraprovincial migrants	70	35	30	10	0	10	440	215	225
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	30	10	0	0	770	405	365
External migrants	20	10	0	70	40	30	1,485	675	805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	550	265	285	840	430	405	9,480	4,630	4,850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	35	15	155	60	95	1,625	775	850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	500	230	270	685	375	315	7,855	3,855	4,000
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	195	195	565	280	285	7,390	3,595	3,795
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	10	0	90	35	55	925	425	500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	375	180	190	475	245	230	6,465	3,170	3,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	265	285	840	435	410	9,480	4,630	4,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	35	15	150	60	90	1,515	720	795
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	130	65	70	275	165	110	2,145	1,155	990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	365	165	200	415	205	205	5,820	2,750	3,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	50	155	75	80	2,145	1,070	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	10	10	0	345	235	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	10	10	0	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	195	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	10	45	130	60	80	1,280	590	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	10	520	245	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	285	140	145	255	130	125	3,670	1,680	1,990
Bachelor's degree	190	80	110	185	95	90	2,405	1,100	1,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	0	0	0	170	75	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Master's degree	70	35	25	65	30	35	1,000	455	545
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	195	195	560	280	285	7,390	3,595	3,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	15	0	85	35	50	820	375	450
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	40	30	165	95	70	1,410	815	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	150	165	315	150	165	5,155	2,405	2,755
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	25	50	110	55	55	1,800	880	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	0	15	15	0	290	195	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	15	15	0	115	65	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	135	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	10	40	90	40	55	1,065	475	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	205	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	230	120	115	205	100	110	3,360	1,525	1,835
Bachelor's degree	145	60	80	140	70	75	2,175	985	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	0	0	0	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	65	40	25	65	25	35	945	430	515
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	545	265	285	840	435	410	9,480	4,625	4,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	185	95	85	425	225	200	3,660	1,875	1,785
Education	30	0	20	25	0	20	200	15	180
13. Education	30	0	20	25	0	20	200	15	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	10	0	0	0	85	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	10	0	0	0	85	25	55
Humanities	10	0	10	35	20	15	430	170	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	25	10	15	280	120	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	25	30	40	15	30	425	125	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	20	0	0	0	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	30	20	0	15	0	10	180	80	100
Business, management and public administration	130	55	75	90	45	40	1,510	670	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	120	55	65	80	40	40	1,455	655	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	25	0	15	0	15	290	125	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	90	25	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	10	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	40	30	10	540	300	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	30	25	0	445	250	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	35	10	80	75	10	1,115	955	160
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
14. Engineering	25	25	0	50	50	0	570	445	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	230	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	10	10	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	145	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Health and related fields	40	10	30	55	10	50	965	215	750
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	55	10	50	950	205	745
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	20	10	10	195	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	10	0	10	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	390	195	195	565	275	285	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	80	50	35	245	130	120	2,235	1,190	1,040
Education	25	0	15	0	0	0	170	15	155
13. Education	25	0	15	0	0	0	170	15	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	30	50
Humanities	10	0	10	30	15	15	340	130	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	30	10	10	210	85	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	20	20	25	10	15	360	110	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	10	0	0	0	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	15	0	10	170	70	100
Business, management and public administration	110	50	65	70	25	45	1,325	580	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	50	55	65	25	45	1,270	560	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	10	15	0	15	250	105	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	80	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	85	35	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	10	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	30	25	10	500	265	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	25	25	0	415	225	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	30	0	55	50	0	1,005	860	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	20	20	0	45	45	0	530	415	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	130	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Health and related fields	35	10	25	45	10	40	885	190	700
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	45	10	40	870	170	695
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	10	10	0	170	80	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	0	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	390	195	195	565	275	285	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	50	35	245	130	120	2,235	1,190	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	305	145	160	315	150	165	5,155	2,405	2,755
Location of study inside Canada	265	130	135	105	45	60	2,000	910	1,085
Same as province or territory of residence	175	75	95	95	45	50	1,375	550	825
Different than province or territory of residence	90	50	40	15	0	10	625	360	260
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	40	15	25	210	105	105	3,160	1,495	1,665
Americas	20	0	15	0	0	0	80	40	40
United States of America	20	0	10	0	0	0	60	25	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0	100	45	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Asia	0	0	0	190	100	100	2,755	1,290	1,470
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	40	20	20	590	275	320
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	0	0	60	40	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	115	60	55	1,775	830	940
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10	220	105	120
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	545	265	285	840	435	410	9,480	4,630	4,855
In the labour force	430	205	225	585	325	270	7,345	3,865	3,480
Employed	390	190	195	460	260	200	6,510	3,490	3,015
Unemployed	45	20	30	130	60	70	835	375	460
Not in the labour force	115	55	65	250	110	140	2,135	765	1,375
Participation rate	78.9	77.4	78.9	69.6	74.7	65.9	77.5	83.5	71.7
Employment rate	71.6	71.7	68.4	54.8	59.8	48.8	68.7	75.4	62.1
Unemployment rate	10.5	9.8	13.3	22.2	18.5	25.9	11.4	9.7	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	545	265	285	840	435	410	9,480	4,625	4,850
Did not work¹⁸⁶	105	35	65	260	130	130	2,675	1,100	1,580
Worked	445	225	220	580	300	280	6,805	3,530	3,270
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	225	105	125	230	125	105	3,300	1,970	1,330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	215	115	100	350	175	180	3,505	1,560	1,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	36.2	41.6	35.5	37.0	33.8	39.6	41.6	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	430	210	225	585	320	265	7,345	3,865	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	10	215	105	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	425	210	220	560	305	255	7,125	3,760	3,370
Employee	350	160	190	500	255	250	6,155	3,020	3,135
Permanent position	280	125	150	415	215	205	5,235	2,630	2,605
Temporary position	70	35	40	80	45	40	925	390	530
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	10	0	40	20	20	285	115	170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	60	20	40	45	25	20	640	275	365
Self-employed¹⁹²	75	45	25	60	50	10	970	735	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	430	210	225	585	320	265	7,345	3,865	3,475
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	10	215	105	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	425	210	220	560	305	255	7,125	3,760	3,370
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	85	35	45	95	40	50	965	315	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	20	10	35	35	0	570	430	140
3 Health occupations	35	10	30	40	0	40	615	85	530
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	10	45	50	15	40	540	160	380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	15	15	0	0	0	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	120	65	55	160	70	90	2,140	875	1,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	30	10	170	145	25	1,840	1,590	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	15	0	10	295	180	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	430	210	225	585	320	265	7,345	3,865	3,475
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	10	215	105	110
All industries¹⁹¹	425	210	220	560	305	255	7,125	3,760	3,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	15	20	15	0	15	140	115	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
23 Construction	15	15	0	25	25	0	445	390	55
31-33 Manufacturing	20	10	10	15	15	10	400	280	115
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	10	25	25	0	200	140	65
44-45 Retail trade	35	20	20	65	40	30	1,170	545	625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	120	95	25	1,270	985	280
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	0	0	0	135	70	65
52 Finance and insurance	50	35	10	10	0	0	220	105	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	10	10	0	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	20	10	40	35	0	395	230	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	45	25	25	385	225	160
61 Educational services	45	20	25	30	0	30	250	85	165
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	35	85	10	75	985	110	870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	15	10	0	0	0	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	40	25	10	50	25	25	525	200	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	10	20	10	10	0	210	95	115
91 Public administration	10	10	0	15	0	10	195	90	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	465	230	235	640	335	300	7,645	3,945	3,700
English	460	230	225	480	250	230	6,650	3,380	3,275
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	50	15	35	205	110	95
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	50	15	35	205	110	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	105	70	35	725	425	305
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	465	230	235	640	335	300	7,645	3,945	3,700
Single responses	465	230	235	605	315	290	7,470	3,840	3,625
Official languages	465	230	235	530	275	255	7,115	3,635	3,475
English	465	230	235	525	275	250	7,095	3,620	3,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	75	40	35	355	205	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	75	40	35	355	205	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	60	40	20	310	185	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	40	20	305	175	125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	40	20	305	175	125
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	35	10	265	165	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	35	25	15	175	100	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	35	25	15	165	100	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	465	230	235	640	335	300	7,645	3,945	3,700
None	460	230	225	565	285	285	7,025	3,595	3,435
English	0	0	0	25	25	0	135	80	50
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10	390	215	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	35	25	10	390	215	175
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	390	195	200	460	260	200	6,505	3,490	3,015
Worked at home	160	55	105	20	10	10	925	465	465
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	45	35	15	110	70	40	1,250	925	330
Usual place of work	170	95	75	330	180	150	4,310	2,090	2,220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	170	95	75	330	175	155	4,315	2,095	2,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	155	85	70	280	160	130	3,420	1,630	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	40	15	20	790	410	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	215	130	90	440	250	190	5,565	3,015	2,545
Car, truck or van	175	100	75	400	235	170	4,945	2,795	2,145
Car, truck or van - as a driver	170	100	70	380	220	155	4,590	2,710	1,880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	20	10	0	355	85	265
Public transit	15	0	10	35	15	20	455	150	305
Walked	20	15	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	10	0	0	0	0	125	55	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	215	130	90	440	250	190	5,565	3,015	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	70	40	30	90	45	40	830	370	455
15 to 29 minutes	115	75	35	195	110	80	2,695	1,485	1,210
30 to 44 minutes	30	10	20	120	65	60	1,455	860	595
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	25	15	10	260	160	100
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	15	10	0	325	140	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	215	130	90	440	250	190	5,565	3,015	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	35	20	10	450	295	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	15	45	30	10	870	515	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	35	25	100	30	70	1,040	520	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	15	10	50	35	15	930	445	485
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	65	25	40	80	45	40	890	440	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	25	0	130	85	45	1,385	800	585
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	145	75	65	285	150	135	3,765	1,890	1,870
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	5	5	5	165	85	80
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	60	55	280	145	130	3,595	1,810	1,785
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	95	45	50	220	120	105	2,235	1,115	1,115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	5	5	5	115	55	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	5	5	0	65	35	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	40	210	115	95	2,120	1,060	1,055

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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