Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060704More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061187More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	513	...	...	326	...	...	9,296	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	242	...	...	145	...	...	2,438	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	234	...	...	141	...	...	2,370	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,063.6	...	...	3,650.6	...	...	901.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.25	...	...	0.09	...	...	10.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	515	225	285	330	160	160	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 14 years	80	35	45	40	20	20	2,650	1,355	1,295
0 to 4 years	25	15	10	15	5	5	1,050	560	485
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	15	5	10	895	450	440
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	10	5	5	715	345	365
15 to 64 years	315	145	170	245	125	120	6,235	3,080	3,155
15 to 19 years	25	15	10	10	5	5	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	15	10	5	530	260	265
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	25	10	15	750	360	395
30 to 34 years	35	15	20	35	20	15	1,115	550	560
35 to 39 years	30	20	15	25	15	15	1,100	525	575
40 to 44 years	40	15	20	25	15	10	800	400	395
45 to 49 years	30	10	20	20	10	15	505	270	240
50 to 54 years	35	20	20	30	15	15	355	175	175
55 to 59 years	35	15	15	30	20	5	305	145	165
60 to 64 years	35	15	20	40	20	20	255	125	130
65 years and over	120	45	75	40	15	25	410	200	215
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	15	5	10	180	95	85
70 to 74 years	20	5	10	10	5	5	125	55	65
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	5	0	5	75	30	40
80 to 84 years	25	5	15	5	0	5	25	10	15
85 years and over	30	10	20	0	0	0	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	15.6	15.8	12.1	12.5	12.5	28.5	29.2	27.8
15 to 64 years	61.2	64.4	59.6	74.2	78.1	75.0	67.1	66.5	67.7
65 years and over	23.3	20.0	26.3	12.1	9.4	15.6	4.4	4.3	4.6
85 years and over	5.8	4.4	7.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	44.7	42.6	46.4	43.3	42.6	44.2	29.8	29.4	30.1
Median age of the population	44.4	42.4	46.8	44.4	42.8	46.8	31.0	30.8	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	235	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
Single-detached house	165	...	...	135	...	...	1,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	5	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	230	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
1 person	80	...	...	45	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	55	...	...	360	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	10	...	...	675	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	515	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	430	190	245	290	145	145	6,645	3,280	3,370
Married or living common-law	240	120	120	160	75	80	4,725	2,360	2,365
Married	190	95	95	130	65	65	4,550	2,270	2,275
Living common-law	45	25	20	30	15	15	180	85	90
Living common law - Never married	30	20	15	25	10	10	145	70	75
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	10	0	5	5	0	0	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	195	70	125	130	70	65	1,925	920	1,000
Not married and not living common law - Never married	100	50	50	85	50	35	1,525	825	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	5	5	0	5	80	25	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	10	25	15	10	10	140	40	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	40	5	40	20	5	20	175	25	155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	145	...	...	95	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	60	...	...	665	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	10	...	...	800	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	145	...	...	95	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	115	...	...	80	...	...	2,230	...	...
Married couples	95	...	...	65	...	...	2,145	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	25	...	...	1,655	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	40	...	...	490	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	15	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	20	...	...	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	15	...	...	220	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
Total - Persons in census families	405	190	210	250	115	135	8,535	4,260	4,280
Married spouses or common-law partners	235	115	120	155	75	80	4,465	2,230	2,235
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	25	15	5	10	260	45	215
Children⁶	140	70	70	75	35	40	3,810	1,985	1,830
In a two-parent family	105	50	55	50	25	30	3,360	1,750	1,615
In a one-parent family	35	15	20	25	10	10	450	235	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	110	40	75	75	50	25	760	380	380
Living alone	80	20	60	40	20	20	120	75	40
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	10	5	5	450	195	260
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	10	25	20	5	185	105	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	235	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	135	...	...	75	...	...	1,610	...	...
Couple-family households	115	...	...	65	...	...	1,470	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	25	...	...	1,210	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	40	...	...	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	5	...	...	330	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
One-person households	80	...	...	40	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	435	190	240	285	145	140	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	180	235	275	135	135	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	51,200	41,600	40,800	51,200	34,000	37,600	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	420	180	235	275	135	135	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,800	39,200	37,200	44,000	31,200	34,800	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	390	165	225	235	120	120	5,465	2,860	2,600
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	47,600	31,200	36,400	50,000	24,200	33,200	41,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	285	130	155	205	105	100	5,090	2,660	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,800	40,400	40,400	51,200	25,200	31,800	39,600	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	165	210	250	125	130	5,700	2,820	2,880
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	7,950	12,000	7,900	5,920	9,500	6,850	3,160	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	20	25	45	30	15	970	325	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	4,480	6,600	5,360	3,880	x	6,000	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	55	65	95	50	50	2,770	1,325	1,440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,000	8,000	10,300	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	450	205	240	275	155	120	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	205	240	260	140	120	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,800	94,000	50,800	51,600	61,000	39,500	43,760	49,280	38,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	205	240	260	140	120	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,400	72,500	44,400	43,600	51,000	34,500	38,600	42,680	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	170	235	230	130	100	5,435	2,895	2,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,400	103,000	40,000	48,800	59,000	36,000	39,480	46,160	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	145	175	190	115	75	5,075	2,700	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,500	94,000	43,200	48,400	56,000	37,000	38,840	44,760	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	185	210	250	140	110	5,600	2,810	2,795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,400	13,400	8,900	9,000	8,800	9,770	7,060	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	25	30	30	25	0	925	345	580
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	6,400	11,000	4,800	3,600	...	8,100	7,480	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	135	65	70	100	60	40	2,550	1,295	1,260
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,400	10,400	8,400	8,000	9,000	9,130	8,640	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	450	205	245	275	155	125	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	80	75	80	60	20	2,265	1,340	925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,000	85,000	62,800	65,500	75,500	x	51,600	56,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,000	104,000	72,000	72,000	72,000	68,000	56,100	61,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	45	70	90	45	45	2,045	950	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	39,200	14,900	31,200	48,800	26,000	17,800	22,600	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	61,000	112,000	29,000	37,500	44,000	31,000	26,360	30,100	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.0	90.0	77.0	84.0	84.0	78.0	79.6	87.0	69.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.0	70.0	61.0	69.0	74.0	60.0	73.2	78.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.1	10.0	23.2	16.8	14.8	21.0	20.3	12.9	30.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.8	2.4	1.2	1.0	x	2.8	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.0	6.9	6.7	6.0	8.0	9.6	7.9	11.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	2.8	6.0	6.2	5.6	7.0	8.6	7.3	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	430	190	245	290	145	145	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without total income	15	5	10	15	10	5	425	185	240
With total income	420	185	235	270	135	140	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20	10	15	25	10	15	660	245	415
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	25	30	10	20	670	285	380
$20,000 to $29,999	70	35	35	40	15	30	1,010	450	560
$30,000 to $39,999	55	20	40	35	15	20	965	410	555
$40,000 to $49,999	40	10	25	40	15	20	810	405	410
$50,000 to $59,999	35	10	20	30	20	10	660	340	320
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	20	25	15	10	465	255	215
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	10	10	5	325	210	120
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	15	5	5	195	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	15	5	5	0	160	125	40
$100,000 and over	80	45	30	15	10	5	295	230	65
$100,000 to $149,999	45	25	20	10	10	5	255	195	60
$150,000 and over	35	20	15	0	0	0	40	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	430	190	245	290	145	145	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without after-tax income	15	5	10	15	10	5	420	185	240
With after-tax income	420	185	235	270	135	140	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	10	25	10	15	665	250	415
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	20	30	10	15	685	295	390
$20,000 to $29,999	75	35	40	50	20	30	1,190	535	660
$30,000 to $39,999	60	15	45	50	20	30	1,110	510	595
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	25	40	25	15	960	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	40	20	15	640	345	295
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	15	10	5	400	250	150
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	20	15	10	0	255	190	65
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	5	0	0	150	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	10	5	0	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	50	30	20	0	0	0	100	80	25
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	10	0	0	0	70	50	15
$125,000 and over	25	20	10	0	0	0	35	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	430	190	245	290	145	145	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without employment income	150	60	85	85	40	45	1,560	620	940
With employment income	285	130	155	200	105	100	5,085	2,660	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30	15	20	20	10	15	615	260	355
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	25	5	15	495	190	305
$10,000 to $19,999	35	10	25	25	10	15	695	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	30	20	15	20	10	10	615	300	315
$30,000 to $39,999	15	0	10	15	5	10	550	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	15	5	10	20	15	10	545	275	265
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	15	25	15	5	460	245	215
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	25	15	10	325	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	5	5	0	250	180	70
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	10	10	0	155	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	15	5	5	0	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	55	35	25	5	5	0	245	195	50
$100,000 to $124,999	15	5	10	5	5	0	170	135	40
$125,000 and over	45	25	15	0	0	0	75	65	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	435	190	240	285	145	140	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	180	235	270	135	130	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,400	40,800	38,000	49,200	29,200	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	180	235	270	135	130	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,000	38,400	34,400	42,800	27,000	33,600	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	170	225	230	120	110	5,330	2,825	2,505
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	49,600	38,000	35,200	48,400	27,000	36,400	44,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	135	165	205	105	95	5,045	2,670	2,380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	58,000	42,000	39,200	50,000	27,800	35,200	41,200	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	155	205	235	120	120	5,410	2,670	2,735
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,460	1,050	4,800	1,900	1,050	5,560	1,160	940	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	15	15	25	20	10	600	180	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	x	x	4,840	x	x	7,150	5,440	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	450	205	240	275	155	120	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	195	240	265	150	115	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,000	80,000	49,200	44,000	50,000	36,000	41,840	48,280	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	195	240	265	150	115	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,800	63,600	42,400	37,600	42,000	32,000	36,720	41,600	31,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	180	230	225	125	100	5,250	2,850	2,400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,000	84,000	43,200	45,600	54,000	35,000	42,360	48,520	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	160	180	195	115	80	5,000	2,700	2,305
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,000	81,000	44,800	46,800	55,000	36,000	41,440	46,920	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	375	170	205	230	125	100	5,295	2,605	2,690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,040	4,840	8,900	6,360	5,800	7,000	4,936	2,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50	0	40	0	0	0	595	180	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	...	8,000	...	...	...	8,960	7,650	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	450	205	245	275	155	125	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	160	85	75	80	60	20	2,215	1,310	905
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	90,000	58,400	67,000	68,500	x	50,400	56,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,000	102,000	60,000	66,000	66,000	68,000	54,800	60,550	46,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	45	70	90	45	45	1,895	940	960
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	42,000	26,400	27,000	44,000	21,800	26,800	29,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	52,000	88,000	30,000	38,500	44,000	32,000	32,640	35,800	29,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.0	84.0	88.0	88.0	84.0	89.4	95.6	81.2
Employment income (%)	76.5	84.0	68.0	79.0	84.0	70.0	83.4	87.4	77.8
Government transfers (%)	9.6	5.2	15.6	12.8	10.0	17.5	10.5	4.5	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	x	2.4	x	x	x	2.2	0.9	3.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	230	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	80	...	...	40	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	39,200	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	155	...	...	100	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	99,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	45	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	42,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	36,000	...	...	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	100	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	230	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	100	...	...	50	...	...	1,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	325	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	10	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	230	...	...	140	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	40	...	...	995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	5	...	...	295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	145	...	...	95	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	45	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	67,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	30	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	15	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	x	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	x	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	100	35	70	65	40	25	305	185	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	50,800	41,600	42,000	49,200	32,800	38,800	38,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	47,600	40,000	39,200	42,800	30,800	34,800	34,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	155	...	...	90	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	50	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	25	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	260,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	195,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	0	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	...	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	x	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	110	45	65	70	55	15	305	195	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,000	44,000	56,000	54,000	62,000	24,000	42,400	46,000	36,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,000	40,000	48,000	46,000	52,000	24,000	36,800	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	515	225	285	325	160	160	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	90	45	45	50	20	25	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	15	10	10	1,235	650	585
18 to 64 years	300	135	165	235	125	115	5,905	2,915	2,995
65 years and over	120	45	75	40	15	25	410	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	15	25	45	20	25	620	295	325
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	10	0	5	275	135	140
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	15	5	10	35	15	15	320	155	165
65 years and over	15	5	10	5	0	5	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8	7.0	8.5	14.4	12.0	17.0	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	12.0	x	x	x	x	9.3	8.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	7.8	7.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.0	6.0	14.0	14.0	16.0	5.4	5.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	12.0	x	14.0	12.0	x	20.0	6.0	5.0	7.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	95	45	50	45	25	20	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	15	5	5	1,240	650	585
18 to 64 years	305	135	165	235	125	110	5,910	2,915	2,990
65 years and over	115	45	70	45	15	30	415	200	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	5	10	30	15	15	295	150	145
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	5	5	5	100	50	45
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	15	5	10	20	10	10	190	95	90
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	4.0	4.0	9.0	8.0	10.0	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.5	3.5	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.0	5.0	9.5	9.0	10.0	3.1	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	2.4	2.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	515	225	285	330	160	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
In bottom half of the distribution	205	85	120	200	95	105	5,410	2,665	2,745
In bottom decile	25	10	20	40	20	20	545	265	280
In second decile	55	25	30	35	15	15	870	425	440
In third decile	40	20	20	15	5	10	1,260	605	655
In fourth decile	60	20	40	45	25	20	1,385	685	700
In fifth decile	20	10	10	60	30	35	1,350	685	665
In top half of the distribution	305	140	170	125	65	60	3,885	1,970	1,910
In sixth decile	50	25	25	35	20	10	1,185	615	570
In seventh decile	35	20	15	40	20	20	1,080	545	535
In eighth decile	65	35	30	20	10	10	925	455	470
In ninth decile	55	25	35	20	10	15	495	255	235
In top decile	105	50	60	10	5	5	205	100	100
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	510	...	...	325	...	...	9,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.374	...	...	0.273	...	...	0.229	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.476	...	...	0.384	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.328	...	...	0.251	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
English only	470	215	255	300	150	155	8,350	4,200	4,155
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	40	10	25	15	5	10	195	100	100
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	10	5	5	730	330	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	505	225	280	310	155	155	8,490	4,265	4,220
French	0	0	0	5	5	5	60	25	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	10	5	5	715	320	390
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	505	225	280	320	160	160	8,065	4,010	4,050
Official languages	455	205	250	250	125	125	1,985	980	1,005
English	455	205	250	245	120	120	1,945	965	980
French	0	0	0	5	5	5	40	15	20
Non-official languages	50	20	30	70	35	35	6,080	3,030	3,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	30	70	35	35	6,080	3,030	3,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0	175	90	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0	155	80	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Arabic	5	0	0	5	5	0	95	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	10	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	20	10	15	515	235	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	20	5	10	425	190	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	20	20	15	10	5,080	2,550	2,525
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,955	2,485	2,470
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,745	2,390	2,355
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	120	115
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	55
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,590	1,545
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	385	420
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	95	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	15	5	5	90	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	10	5	5	80	45	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	45	25	25
Chinese languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	5	5	0	1,230	625	605
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	0	0	1,135	575	560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	465	205	255	255	130	125	1,715	855	865
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-official language	10	5	5	30	20	15	2,455	1,210	1,245
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	5	5	30	20	15	2,455	1,210	1,245
English and French	0	5	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	30	15	20	4,745	2,380	2,360
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	0	270	140	130
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	505	220	285	315	160	160	8,055	4,015	4,035
Official languages	485	210	275	275	135	135	2,925	1,445	1,485
English	485	210	275	275	135	135	2,905	1,435	1,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-official languages	15	5	10	45	20	20	5,120	2,575	2,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	5	10	45	20	20	5,120	2,575	2,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Arabic	5	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	5	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	325	155	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	5	5	290	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	10	10	5	4,500	2,265	2,235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,420	2,230	2,190
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,255	2,155	2,100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	95
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,895	1,475	1,425
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	10	5	5	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	5	5	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	5	10	5	5	1,245	620	625
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	5	5	5	1,195	595	600
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	510	225	290	325	165	165	9,295	4,635	4,660
None	485	215	270	295	150	145	5,185	2,570	2,615
English	10	0	5	10	5	5	1,915	975	945
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Non-official language	20	5	10	20	5	10	1,435	705	730
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	5	10	20	5	10	1,435	705	730
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	260	245
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	85
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	550	245	295	300	160	140	9,240	4,700	4,540
Official languages	550	245	295	290	160	130	8,595	4,435	4,160
English	550	245	295	290	160	130	8,560	4,415	4,140
French	20	0	15	30	20	10	265	150	115
Non-official languages	55	15	45	45	25	20	8,165	4,130	4,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	15	45	45	25	20	8,165	4,130	4,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	150	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	90	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	410	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	410	410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	60
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	0	30	30	20	10	6,485	3,270	3,215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	10	0	0
German	10	0	10	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,310	3,190	3,120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,115	3,095	3,020
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	195
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	975	960
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	2,050	1,975
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	720	740
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	235	120	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	90	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	545	250	295	300	160	135	9,235	4,700	4,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	10	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	545	250	295	290	160	130	9,210	4,690	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	545	250	295	300	160	135	9,235	4,700	4,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	545	250	295	295	160	135	9,225	4,690	4,535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Owner	165	...	...	105	...	...	2,140	...	...
Renter	75	...	...	30	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0	...	...	365	...	...
Not condominium	245	...	...	135	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	35	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	95	...	...	30	...	...	1,410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	90	...	...	70	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	20	...	...	875	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	25	...	...	690	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	25	...	...	485	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	15	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	95	...	...	65	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.9	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,020	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Suitable	240	...	...	135	...	...	2,020	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	0	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	20	...	...	125	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	0	...	...	400	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	235	...	...	135	...	...	2,325	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	115	...	...	60	...	...	730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	125	...	...	70	...	...	1,305	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	10	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	20	...	...	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	10	...	...	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	40	...	...	465	...	...
55 to 64 years	70	...	...	40	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	20	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	245	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	190	...	...	95	...	...	1,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	50	...	...	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	20	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	240	...	...	140	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	45	...	...	1,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	30	...	...	640	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	180	...	...	95	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	240	...	...	120	...	...	2,345	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	0	...	...	140	...	...
Not in core need	205	...	...	110	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	170	...	...	110	...	...	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.8	...	...	72.7	...	...	95.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	31.8	...	...	29.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,430	...	...	1,620	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,580	...	...	1,760	...	...	2,230	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	348,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	556,000	...	...	375,000	...	...	461,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	75	...	...	35	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	33.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	53.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	31.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	35.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	940	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,520	...	...	1,400	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	545	250	300	300	165	140	9,235	4,695	4,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	20	10	10	45	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	20	10	10	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	10	25	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	545	250	300	285	155	125	9,195	4,680	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	545	250	295	300	165	140	9,235	4,700	4,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	540	245	290	285	155	130	6,070	3,090	2,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	110	55	55	30	15	15	2,640	1,360	1,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	430	190	235	250	140	115	3,425	1,730	1,695
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	10	0	0	15	10	0	3,165	1,610	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	545	250	295	300	165	140	9,235	4,700	4,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	500	235	265	250	140	110	2,955	1,555	1,405
Immigrants⁸¹	45	15	30	40	20	20	5,900	2,930	2,970
Before 1980	25	15	15	15	0	10	60	30	35
1980 to 1990	10	0	10	0	0	0	110	65	45
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	15	10	10	575	290	285
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,670	795	865
2011 to 2021⁸²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,490	1,755	1,740
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	890	870
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	865	865
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	215	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	45	15	30	45	20	20	5,900	2,930	2,970
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	220	185
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	0	0	0	735	415	325
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	15	10	10	1,195	515	675
25 to 44 years	15	0	15	20	10	10	2,845	1,465	1,380
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	315	400
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	45	15	30	45	20	20	5,900	2,930	2,970
Americas	0	0	0	15	0	10	170	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Europe	30	10	15	20	10	10	60	25	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	210	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65
Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0	5,265	2,610	2,655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	375	395
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,595	1,575
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,725	860	865
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,525	765	755
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	590	530
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	75
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	545	250	295	300	160	135	9,240	4,700	4,540
First generation¹⁰⁰	45	15	30	50	25	25	6,320	3,165	3,150
Second generation¹⁰¹	120	65	60	50	20	25	2,685	1,415	1,270
Third generation or more¹⁰²	380	170	210	195	115	80	235	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	20	0	20	25	15	15	5,835	2,900	2,935
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,670	1,395
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	855	520
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	820	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10	2,125	920	1,205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	10	10	0	0	545	270	280
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	20	0	20	25	15	15	5,835	2,900	2,935
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	160	95
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	10	0	0	605	290	320
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	290	175
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	20	0	15	10	10	0	4,445	2,130	2,320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	545	250	295	300	160	135	9,235	4,700	4,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	40	20	15	60	25	30	8,910	4,525	4,390
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,570	3,335	3,230
Chinese	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	25	10
Black	0	0	0	10	10	0	680	320	355
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	505	465
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	50
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	70
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	80	110
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	45
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	510	230	275	240	135	105	325	175	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	545	250	295	300	165	140	9,235	4,700	4,540
Canadian	85	45	35	65	50	15	475	230	250
English	130	65	70	80	35	50	65	45	15
Irish	135	60	75	45	30	20	70	35	35
Scottish	165	75	90	55	40	15	70	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	70	35	35	25	10	15	55	30	20
German	120	45	75	35	15	20	55	35	20
Chinese	20	10	15	20	10	10	70	45	25
Italian	15	0	10	10	0	0	20	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,395	1,430
Ukrainian	50	30	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	20	0	0	0	15	15	0
Polish	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	445	440
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	20	0	10	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	20	15	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	20	25	0	0	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	25	10	10	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	610	610
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	465	440
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	535	505
Austrian	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	20
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	115	95
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	55
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	70
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	545	250	295	300	160	135	9,235	4,700	4,535
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Christian	255	120	140	125	65	65	1,910	960	950
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	80	55	25	25	10	10	470	235	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catholic	135	55	75	50	25	25	965	490	475
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	10	15	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	10	15	10	0	155	70	85
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	640	595
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,060	1,020
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,730	1,690
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	0	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	270	125	145	155	95	65	515	285	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	545	245	295	300	165	140	9,000	4,560	4,440
Non-movers	465	200	270	275	150	125	7,005	3,540	3,465
Movers	75	45	25	20	15	10	2,000	1,025	975
Non-migrants	70	40	25	20	15	10	1,645	820	825
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	170	120
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	110	65
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	505	235	280	295	160	135	8,165	4,065	4,095
Non-movers	365	165	200	150	90	60	1,550	730	815
Movers	140	70	70	145	75	75	6,615	3,335	3,280
Non-migrants	115	55	60	125	65	60	4,440	2,220	2,225
Migrants	25	15	15	20	10	15	2,175	1,120	1,055
Internal migrants	20	15	10	10	0	10	930	500	430
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	10	0	10	270	145	125
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	355	305
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	615	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	450	205	245	275	155	125	6,555	3,295	3,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	30	20	80	45	35	1,235	575	655
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	400	175	225	200	110	90	5,320	2,720	2,605
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	305	145	160	215	125	90	5,200	2,540	2,660
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	55	30	25	720	320	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	290	135	160	160	95	70	4,485	2,220	2,260
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	450	205	245	280	155	120	6,555	3,295	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	30	20	55	35	25	1,160	540	615
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	100	45	50	85	55	30	1,695	985	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	305	130	175	135	70	65	3,700	1,770	1,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	50	75	100	55	45	1,265	620	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	0	40	30	15	170	100	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	85	30	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	35	25	10	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	30	65	40	20	25	800	380	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	20	0	10	285	135	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	180	80	95	35	15	20	2,435	1,150	1,285
Bachelor's degree	135	70	65	25	10	10	1,565	760	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Master's degree	30	0	30	0	0	0	680	300	380
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	310	145	160	215	120	95	5,205	2,540	2,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	30	20	15	660	285	370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	75	50	30	1,175	670	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	105	135	105	55	45	3,370	1,585	1,785
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	40	55	80	45	30	1,080	525	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	30	25	10	145	80	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	20	0	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	25	55	35	20	15	675	320	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	10	0	10	250	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	140	60	75	25	15	15	2,295	1,065	1,235
Bachelor's degree	105	60	50	15	10	0	1,455	695	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Master's degree	25	0	25	0	0	0	655	280	370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	450	205	245	280	155	120	6,555	3,295	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	145	75	70	145	85	55	2,855	1,525	1,330
Education	10	0	10	0	0	0	145	20	120
13. Education	10	0	10	0	0	0	145	20	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	20	0	0	0	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	20	0	0	0	30	20	15
Humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	345	120	225
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	75	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	0	40	10	0	0	270	105	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	45	20	25
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	15	0	10	0	0	0	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	95	40	50	15	0	15	895	445	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	40	40	15	0	15	865	440	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	0	0	0	210	95	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	75	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	0	0	0	340	185	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	0	0	0	310	175	135
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	0	45	45	0	650	530	125
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	25	15	0	0	0	0	365	290	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	160	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	25	25	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	55	55	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	50	40	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	25	0	20	665	155	515
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	25	0	20	630	125	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10	0	10	80	45	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	40	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	305	150	165	215	125	95	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	70	40	25	105	65	45	1,830	955	875
Education	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	20	110
13. Education	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	20	15
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	115	205
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	0	40	10	0	0	245	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	105	55	55
Business, management and public administration	75	35	40	15	0	10	830	410	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	35	35	15	0	10	800	400	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	0	0	0	165	80	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	0	0	0	320	175	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	0	0	0	300	165	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	20	0	40	30	0	575	455	115
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
14. Engineering	15	15	0	0	0	0	320	250	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	155	125	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	20	20	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	45	35	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	25	10	15	20	0	15	635	145	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	20	0	15	595	120	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	305	150	165	215	125	95	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70	40	25	105	65	45	1,830	955	875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	240	105	130	105	55	50	3,375	1,585	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	220	95	125	95	45	45	1,075	470	605
Same as province or territory of residence	160	65	95	85	40	45	700	290	415
Different than province or territory of residence	55	25	30	10	10	0	375	185	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	20	10	10	10	10	0	2,300	1,110	1,185
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	55	35
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	980	1,090
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	165	210
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	620	665
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	135
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	25
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	450	205	245	280	155	120	6,555	3,295	3,260
In the labour force	305	155	150	190	120	75	4,840	2,620	2,215
Employed	280	145	135	160	90	70	4,370	2,415	1,945
Unemployed	25	15	15	35	30	0	475	205	270
Not in the labour force	150	50	100	80	35	50	1,715	675	1,045
Participation rate	67.8	75.6	61.2	67.9	77.4	62.5	73.8	79.5	67.9
Employment rate	62.2	70.7	55.1	57.1	58.1	58.3	66.7	73.3	59.7
Unemployment rate	8.2	9.7	10.0	18.4	25.0	0.0	9.8	7.8	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	450	205	245	280	155	120	6,555	3,295	3,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	70	100	90	40	55	1,985	835	1,150
Worked	285	140	145	190	115	70	4,570	2,460	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	160	90	75	85	60	20	2,365	1,415	950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	125	50	75	105	55	50	2,205	1,045	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	42.8	43.2	39.6	41.6	36.5	40.4	42.4	38.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	300	155	145	195	120	70	4,840	2,625	2,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	295	155	145	185	115	70	4,740	2,585	2,165
Employee	240	110	135	155	80	70	4,070	2,040	2,025
Permanent position	185	85	100	145	80	60	3,505	1,805	1,700
Temporary position	55	25	35	15	0	10	560	240	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	30	0	25	0	0	0	180	80	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	20	10	15	0	10	380	160	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	55	40	10	30	30	0	670	540	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	300	155	145	195	120	70	4,840	2,625	2,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	295	155	145	185	115	70	4,740	2,585	2,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	90	40	55	30	10	20	690	280	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	25	0	10	0	0	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	25	0	20	15	0	15	450	70	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	0	30	10	10	0	300	55	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	65	30	35	45	20	20	1,340	590	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	25	10	55	50	0	1,360	1,180	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	10	10	0	185	100	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	300	155	145	195	120	70	4,840	2,625	2,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	55
All industries¹⁹¹	295	155	145	185	115	70	4,740	2,585	2,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	15	10	0	0	0	40	40	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	25	20	0	30	30	0	265	245	20
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0	170	105	60
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	0	0	0	0	110	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	15	0	10	25	25	0	710	370	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	15	10	0	945	745	200
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	0	0	0	70	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	50	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	30	20	30	15	15	320	195	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	25	10	10	275	150	125
61 Educational services	30	0	30	0	0	0	200	50	150
62 Health care and social assistance	40	10	25	15	0	15	630	100	530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	15	10	0	0	425	180	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	15	10	0	160	80	80
91 Public administration	10	0	10	15	0	10	130	60	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	310	155	160	205	130	70	5,175	2,790	2,390
English	310	155	160	180	115	70	4,365	2,340	2,020
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	370	290
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	310	155	160	205	130	70	5,175	2,790	2,390
Single responses	310	155	160	205	130	70	5,030	2,695	2,340
Official languages	310	155	160	190	120	70	4,805	2,550	2,255
English	310	155	160	190	120	70	4,805	2,550	2,255
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	140	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	140	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	135	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	125	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	125	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	120	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	95	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	310	155	160	205	130	70	5,175	2,790	2,390
None	310	155	160	195	125	70	4,625	2,495	2,125
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	70	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	185	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	185	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	280	140	135	155	90	70	4,365	2,415	1,945
Worked at home	105	40	60	35	20	10	650	365	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	30	0	40	30	10	910	680	240
Usual place of work	140	70	70	80	35	45	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	145	75	70	85	35	45	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	135	75	65	70	25	45	2,290	1,080	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	460	250	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	175	105	70	125	70	60	3,710	2,050	1,655
Car, truck or van	170	105	65	115	55	60	3,275	1,890	1,380
Car, truck or van - as a driver	155	90	65	110	55	50	3,020	1,805	1,215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	0	0	0	250	85	165
Public transit	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	125	225
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	175	105	70	125	70	60	3,710	2,050	1,655
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	20	0	15	720	390	335
15 to 29 minutes	120	70	50	80	40	40	1,690	950	745
30 to 44 minutes	15	15	0	20	15	0	970	550	420
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	0	0	0	155	65	90
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	10	10	0	170	95	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	175	105	70	125	70	60	3,710	2,050	1,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10	10	0	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	10	20	15	10	555	255	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	75	50	25	40	20	20	680	345	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	30	30	20	15	0	620	370	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	10	0	10	565	315	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	0	20	0	10	1,010	600	410
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	95	45	55	45	25	20	3,010	1,535	1,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	15	0	0	0	90	40	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	40	45	25	20	2,925	1,505	1,425
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	35	40	35	15	15	1,910	945	960
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	5	0	5	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	5	0	5	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	30	30	15	15	1,850	920	925

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 12, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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