Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060643More information: Alberta [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,274	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,789	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,432	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,909.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.58	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,275	1,170	1,105
0 to 14 years	105	55	50
0 to 4 years	55	35	25
5 to 9 years	25	10	15
10 to 14 years	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	1,590	840	745
15 to 19 years	45	20	30
20 to 24 years	110	50	55
25 to 29 years	285	145	140
30 to 34 years	270	155	115
35 to 39 years	210	125	90
40 to 44 years	135	80	55
45 to 49 years	120	70	50
50 to 54 years	145	70	70
55 to 59 years	130	60	75
60 to 64 years	150	75	80
65 years and over	580	270	310
65 to 69 years	195	80	115
70 to 74 years	155	80	70
75 to 79 years	90	40	55
80 to 84 years	75	35	35
85 years and over	65	35	30
85 to 89 years	40	25	15
90 to 94 years	25	10	15
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.6	4.7	4.5
15 to 64 years	69.9	71.8	67.4
65 years and over	25.5	23.1	28.1
85 years and over	2.9	3.0	2.7
Average age of the population	47.2	46.3	48.1
Median age of the population	44.4	42.0	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,435	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,270	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,430	...	...
1 person	770	...	...
2 persons	540	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,270	1,165	1,100
Average household size	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,170	1,115	1,055
Married or living common-law	1,240	640	600
Married	975	505	470
Living common-law	265	135	130
Living common law - Never married	205	105	100
Living common law - Separated	10	10	0
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0
Not married and not living common-law	930	475	455
Not married and not living common law - Never married	640	370	270
Not married and not living common law - Separated	50	25	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	155	65	90
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	20	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	615	...	...
2 persons	495	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	615	...	...
Total couple families	580	...	...
Married couples	445	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...
Without children	345	...	...
Common-law couples	135	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...
Without children	125	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,270	1,165	1,105
Total - Persons in census families	1,400	695	710
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,160	590	570
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30
Children⁶	210	105	105
In a two-parent family	165	80	80
In a one-parent family	45	20	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	870	475	395
Living alone	770	430	340
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	15
Living with non-relatives only	80	40	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,430	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	610	...	...
Couple-family households	575	...	...
With children⁶	110	...	...
Without children	465	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	50	...	...
One-person households	770	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,170	1,115	1,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,070	990
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,000	92,000	58,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,070	990
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,000	75,500	50,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,965	1,030	930
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,500	93,000	56,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,475	825	650
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,500	90,000	59,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,745	910	825
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	3,640	1,390	6,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	45	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,280	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	200	210
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,235	1,110	1,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,130	1,070	1,060
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	143,000	178,000	107,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,130	1,070	1,060
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	104,200	126,600	81,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,040	1,045	995
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	143,200	177,200	107,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,495	825	670
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	125,000	150,000	94,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,730	860	870
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,460	6,920	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	45	70
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,800	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	155	200
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,320	11,000	9,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,230	1,115	1,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	905	550	355
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	118,000	131,000	88,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	169,200	203,000	117,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	410	185	225
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,200	31,200	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	65,200	58,000	71,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	95.8	96.8	94.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.4	64.8	55.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	4.2	3.1	6.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	0.2	0.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	2.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,165	1,115	1,055
Without total income	110	45	60
With total income	2,060	1,070	990
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	50	85
$10,000 to $19,999	145	70	75
$20,000 to $29,999	205	85	125
$30,000 to $39,999	135	60	75
$40,000 to $49,999	140	60	80
$50,000 to $59,999	110	40	65
$60,000 to $69,999	135	60	80
$70,000 to $79,999	115	65	50
$80,000 to $89,999	95	55	40
$90,000 to $99,999	90	50	40
$100,000 and over	765	490	270
$100,000 to $149,999	285	170	120
$150,000 and over	475	325	155
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,165	1,115	1,055
Without after-tax income	110	45	60
With after-tax income	2,060	1,070	990
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	50	90
$10,000 to $19,999	150	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	225	85	135
$30,000 to $39,999	170	75	95
$40,000 to $49,999	140	55	80
$50,000 to $59,999	180	85	95
$60,000 to $69,999	150	75	75
$70,000 to $79,999	120	70	55
$80,000 to $89,999	110	60	50
$90,000 to $99,999	95	60	35
$100,000 and over	580	385	195
$100,000 to $124,999	165	100	65
$125,000 and over	420	290	130
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,165	1,115	1,055
Without employment income	690	285	405
With employment income	1,480	830	650
Under $5,000 (including loss)	145	85	65
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	90	45	50
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	50
$30,000 to $39,999	75	40	40
$40,000 to $49,999	80	35	50
$50,000 to $59,999	85	35	45
$60,000 to $69,999	85	40	50
$70,000 to $79,999	85	40	40
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	30
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	555	370	180
$100,000 to $124,999	140	80	65
$125,000 and over	410	295	120
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,170	1,115	1,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,040	1,050	990
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,500	87,000	54,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,040	1,050	990
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	69,500	46,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,940	1,010	930
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,500	87,000	56,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,485	830	655
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,500	80,000	58,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,685	875	810
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	890	785	970
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	65	25	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,550	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,235	1,110	1,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,055	1,050
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	146,800	192,000	101,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,055	1,050
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	104,800	133,200	76,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,980	1,010	970
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	151,600	196,400	104,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,495	820	675
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	138,600	176,400	92,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,685	815	870
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,220	5,160	5,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	75	40	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	9,000	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,230	1,115	1,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	885	540	345
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	113,000	132,000	90,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	187,600	238,000	108,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	400	180	225
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	60,800	61,200	59,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	79,200	79,000	79,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	97.2	98.0	95.6
Employment income (%)	67.0	71.2	59.0
Government transfers (%)	2.8	2.1	4.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	0.2	0.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,430	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	770	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,450	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	210,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	153,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	730	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	280,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	202,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,435	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	785	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	155	...	...
$200,000 and over	385	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,435	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...
$150,000 and over	405	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	625	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	850	470	380
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	77,000	85,000	62,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	71,500	53,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	665	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	290,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	209,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	510	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	303,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	216,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	284,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	850	430	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	130,800	133,000	128,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	97,200	99,600	94,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,270	1,170	1,100
0 to 17 years	135	65	65
0 to 5 years	65	35	30
18 to 64 years	1,560	830	730
65 years and over	580	270	310
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	305	150	160
0 to 17 years	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	175	90	85
65 years and over	105	45	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.8	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	24.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	12.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.0	11.8
65 years and over (%)	18.4	16.0	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,270	1,165	1,105
0 to 17 years	135	70	65
0 to 5 years	65	35	30
18 to 64 years	1,560	830	730
65 years and over	580	275	305
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	220	115	100
0 to 17 years	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	145	85	65
65 years and over	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.6	10.0	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.8	8.8
65 years and over (%)	9.2	9.0	9.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,270	1,165	1,100
In bottom half of the distribution	695	330	370
In bottom decile	270	135	130
In second decile	130	50	80
In third decile	135	60	65
In fourth decile	65	35	30
In fifth decile	95	40	55
In top half of the distribution	1,575	840	735
In sixth decile	90	40	40
In seventh decile	130	65	65
In eighth decile	180	105	75
In ninth decile	260	140	120
In top decile	915	480	430
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.536	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.573	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.484	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	10.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,275	1,170	1,105
English only	1,975	1,030	945
French only	0	0	0
English and French	210	110	100
Neither English nor French	90	30	55
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,275	1,170	1,105
English	2,135	1,115	1,020
French	40	20	20
English and French	15	5	5
Neither English nor French	90	30	55
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,275	1,170	1,105
Single responses	2,165	1,120	1,050
Official languages	1,370	730	645
English	1,335	715	625
French	35	20	20
Non-official languages	795	390	405
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	795	390	405
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	10
Amharic	5	5	0
Arabic	25	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	110	105
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5
Russian	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5
Dutch	15	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5
Hindi	5	0	5
Kacchi	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	5	5
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	45	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10
Korean	30	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	420	200	225
Chinese languages	420	200	225
Hakka	5	0	0
Mandarin	175	85	90
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	225	105	120
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	50	55
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,275	1,170	1,105
English	1,530	815	715
French	15	10	5
Non-official language	230	100	130
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	230	100	130
English and French	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	445	225	225
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,275	1,170	1,105
Single responses	2,215	1,140	1,070
Official languages	1,795	960	840
English	1,780	945	835
French	20	10	5
Non-official languages	415	185	230
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	410	185	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0
Spanish	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	130	155
Chinese languages	285	130	155
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	65
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	150	60	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	25	35
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,275	1,170	1,105
None	1,825	940	885
English	160	70	85
French	15	5	10
Non-official language	235	125	105
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	230	125	110
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,350	1,175	1,175
Official languages	2,255	1,145	1,110
English	2,255	1,145	1,110
French	245	120	130
Non-official languages	1,010	520	485
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,010	520	485
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10
Indonesian	15	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	225	155
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0
Russian	45	15	30
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	25	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	0	0
German	20	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	100	55
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	0
Portuguese	40	25	15
Romanian	10	10	10
Spanish	110	70	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	495	255	240
Chinese languages	495	255	240
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	135	150
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	275	135	135
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,350	1,175	1,175
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	10	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10
Métis	30	10	25
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,310	1,165	1,145
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,350	1,175	1,175
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,340	1,175	1,170
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,450	...	...
Owner	730	...	...
Renter	720	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,450	...	...
Condominium	1,380	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,450	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	525	...	...
2 bedrooms	830	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,450	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,030	...	...
5 rooms	235	...	...
6 rooms	90	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,450	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,430	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,450	...	...
Suitable	1,410	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,450	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...
1981 to 1990	180	...	...
1991 to 2000	160	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	210	...	...
2011 to 2015	245	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,450	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,435	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,450	...	...
One-maintainer household	960	...	...
Two-maintainer household	480	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,450	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	330	...	...
35 to 44 years	230	...	...
45 to 54 years	190	...	...
55 to 64 years	195	...	...
65 to 74 years	240	...	...
75 to 84 years	155	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,045	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	385	...	...
30% to less than 100%	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,450	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	435	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	375	...	...
Not suitable only	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,020	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,335	...	...
In core need	100	...	...
Not in core need	1,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	735	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	40.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,420	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	628,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	872,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,888	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,350	1,175	1,175
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	0	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,295	1,155	1,145
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,350	1,180	1,175
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,990	995	995
Canadian citizens aged under 18	120	50	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,875	950	925
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	360	180	185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,350	1,180	1,175
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,395	670	730
Immigrants⁸¹	755	385	370
Before 1980	195	105	90
1980 to 1990	120	70	45
1991 to 2000	115	55	65
2001 to 2010	135	70	60
2011 to 2021⁸²	190	85	105
2011 to 2015	75	40	40
2016 to 2021	115	45	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	200	120	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	755	385	370
Under 5 years	30	15	20
5 to 14 years	140	90	55
15 to 24 years	150	70	75
25 to 44 years	315	150	165
45 years and over	120	65	60
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	755	385	370
Americas	100	50	55
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	15	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	45	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0
Europe	165	110	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	10
Italy	20	20	0
Netherlands	10	10	0
Poland	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	35	10
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	55	40	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	30	0
Asia	410	185	230
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	165	55	105
Hong Kong⁹¹	60	30	30
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	0
Philippines	25	0	20
Viet Nam	40	25	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	30	15	10
Pakistan	30	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	115	50	65
Americas	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	55	20	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0
Australia	10	10	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,350	1,175	1,175
First generation¹⁰⁰	985	515	465
Second generation¹⁰¹	480	220	260
Third generation or more¹⁰²	885	440	445
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	560	280	275
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	200	155
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	160	120	45
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	80	115
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	70	95
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	560	280	275
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	35	55
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	20	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	35	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	375	185	185
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,350	1,175	1,175
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	965	480	485
South Asian	140	70	70
Chinese	580	295	285
Black	45	20	25
Filipino	25	0	25
Arab	15	10	0
Latin American	35	25	10
Southeast Asian	50	25	20
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,385	690	690
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,350	1,175	1,175
Canadian	115	60	60
English	330	150	185
Irish	280	150	130
Scottish	255	135	120
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	60	90
German	230	135	95
Chinese	575	290	285
Italian	100	60	45
Indian (India)	75	50	30
Ukrainian	140	75	65
Dutch	40	20	15
Polish	75	40	35
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	25	45
Filipino	35	0	30
French Canadian	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	25	0	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	20	15
Russian	60	10	50
Norwegian	105	40	65
Welsh	50	30	20
Portuguese	15	0	10
American	75	50	25
Spanish	20	10	0
Swedish	30	15	15
Hungarian	35	15	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	15	20
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	20	0	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0
Lebanese	20	15	0
Iranian	10	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	10	0
Danish	10	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	25	20	10
Belgian	15	0	15
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	10	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0
Finnish	25	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	15
Japanese	25	15	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10
Armenian	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	25	10	15
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	25	10	15
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,350	1,175	1,175
Buddhist	95	35	60
Christian	950	455	495
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	165	70	100
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	75	25	45
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	470	240	230
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	20	10	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10
Presbyterian	20	15	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	95	50	45
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	25	20
Hindu	25	10	15
Jewish	15	0	10
Muslim	90	40	50
Sikh	20	10	10
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	10	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,145	615	525
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,320	1,160	1,160
Non-movers	1,730	865	870
Movers	590	300	290
Non-migrants	400	195	205
Migrants	185	105	80
Internal migrants	105	55	45
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	85	45	35
External migrants	80	50	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,265	1,125	1,145
Non-movers	720	320	400
Movers	1,545	805	740
Non-migrants	930	470	460
Migrants	620	335	280
Internal migrants	350	195	155
Intraprovincial migrants	130	75	50
Interprovincial migrants	230	125	105
External migrants	265	140	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,115	1,120
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	145	45	100
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,085	1,065	1,020
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,455	780	680
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	20	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,415	760	660
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,110	1,120
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	45	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	275	105	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,815	960	855
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	135	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	15	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	0	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	215	85	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	40	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,460	820	640
Bachelor's degree	965	480	480
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	55	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	40
Master's degree	320	215	105
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	50	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,455	775	675
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	55	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,315	705	610
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	90	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	0	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	135	55	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	30	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,100	610	490
Bachelor's degree	745	365	375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	45	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	10	40
Master's degree	225	160	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	40	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,230	1,110	1,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	420	150	265
Education	75	20	60
13. Education	75	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	40	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	40	35
Humanities	70	25	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	120	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	115	75	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	90	40	50
Business, management and public administration	600	300	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	590	300	290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	115	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	90	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	270	210	55
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	205	160	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	200	60	145
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	60	125
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,455	775	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	70	65
Education	25	10	15
13. Education	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	35	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	35	20
Humanities	50	20	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	80	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	80	55	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	465	240	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	235	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	80	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	80	65	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	150	50
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0
14. Engineering	145	120	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	25	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	155	40	115
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	140	40	100
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,455	775	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	70	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,315	710	610
Location of study inside Canada	955	515	440
Same as province or territory of residence	630	345	285
Different than province or territory of residence	320	165	155
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	360	195	165
Americas	90	65	25
United States of America	80	50	25
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	70	35	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	165	75	90
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	95	60	35
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	10	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10
Oceania	25	15	10
Australia	25	15	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,235	1,110	1,120
In the labour force	1,430	805	625
Employed	1,315	745	570
Unemployed	110	50	55
Not in the labour force	805	315	495
Participation rate	64.0	72.5	55.8
Employment rate	58.8	67.1	50.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	6.2	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,230	1,110	1,120
Did not work¹⁸⁶	780	300	480
Worked	1,450	810	640
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	950	585	370
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	500	230	270
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	45.2	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,430	800	625
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620
Employee	1,190	650	535
Permanent position	1,005	530	470
Temporary position	185	120	65
Fixed term (1 year or more)	110	80	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	75	35	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	205	120	80
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,430	800	625
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	60	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	450	225	230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	235	175	60
3 Health occupations	125	45	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	215	115	100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	30
6 Sales and service occupations	205	100	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,430	800	625
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10
All industries¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	260	165	100
22 Utilities	35	15	20
23 Construction	20	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	15	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	45	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	50	30	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	25	20
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	105	80	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	330	205	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	0	25
61 Educational services	35	20	15
62 Health care and social assistance	170	35	130
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	65	30	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	0	20
91 Public administration	75	40	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,495	830	665
English	1,420	795	620
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,495	830	665
Single responses	1,480	825	660
Official languages	1,465	820	650
English	1,465	820	650
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10
Chinese languages	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,495	830	665
None	1,430	795	630
English	10	0	0
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,320	750	570
Worked at home	675	370	305
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	80	55	25
Usual place of work	555	325	230
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	550	325	235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	545	320	225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	630	375	255
Car, truck or van	315	165	150
Car, truck or van - as a driver	295	160	135
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	10
Public transit	45	10	35
Walked	230	180	50
Bicycle	10	0	0
Other method	35	20	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	630	375	255
Less than 15 minutes	180	125	50
15 to 29 minutes	345	215	135
30 to 44 minutes	65	20	45
45 to 59 minutes	25	0	20
60 minutes and over	25	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	630	375	255
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	70	35	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	235	145	90
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	130	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	85	55	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	15	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	135	70	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	70	65
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	75	35	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	35	40

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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