Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060643More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062763More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062516More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,274	...	...	821	...	...	9,296	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,789	...	...	579	...	...	2,438	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,432	...	...	513	...	...	2,370	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,909.9	...	...	11,262.0	...	...	901.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.58	...	...	0.07	...	...	10.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,275	1,170	1,105	825	400	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 14 years	105	55	50	65	45	25	2,650	1,355	1,295
0 to 4 years	55	35	25	30	20	10	1,050	560	485
5 to 9 years	25	10	15	15	5	5	895	450	440
10 to 14 years	20	10	10	20	15	10	715	345	365
15 to 64 years	1,590	840	745	685	325	360	6,235	3,080	3,155
15 to 19 years	45	20	30	20	5	15	515	265	250
20 to 24 years	110	50	55	60	20	45	530	260	265
25 to 29 years	285	145	140	130	55	80	750	360	395
30 to 34 years	270	155	115	135	70	65	1,115	550	560
35 to 39 years	210	125	90	90	50	40	1,100	525	575
40 to 44 years	135	80	55	80	35	40	800	400	395
45 to 49 years	120	70	50	35	25	15	505	270	240
50 to 54 years	145	70	70	40	25	25	355	175	175
55 to 59 years	130	60	75	40	20	20	305	145	165
60 to 64 years	150	75	80	45	30	20	255	125	130
65 years and over	580	270	310	70	35	35	410	200	215
65 to 69 years	195	80	115	30	15	20	180	95	85
70 to 74 years	155	80	70	15	10	5	125	55	65
75 to 79 years	90	40	55	10	5	5	75	30	40
80 to 84 years	75	35	35	10	5	5	25	10	15
85 years and over	65	35	30	0	0	0	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	40	25	15	0	0	0	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.6	4.7	4.5	7.9	11.3	6.0	28.5	29.2	27.8
15 to 64 years	69.9	71.8	67.4	83.0	81.3	85.7	67.1	66.5	67.7
65 years and over	25.5	23.1	28.1	8.5	8.8	8.3	4.4	4.3	4.6
85 years and over	2.9	3.0	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	47.2	46.3	48.1	38.0	38.5	37.5	29.8	29.4	30.1
Median age of the population	44.4	42.0	48.4	34.8	35.6	33.6	31.0	30.8	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,435	...	...	515	...	...	2,370	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	20	...	...	1,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	20	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	80	...	...	25	...	...	565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	80	...	...	390	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,270	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,430	...	...	510	...	...	2,370	...	...
1 person	770	...	...	300	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	540	...	...	150	...	...	360	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	35	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	675	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,270	1,165	1,100	820	400	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
Average household size	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,170	1,115	1,055	755	360	395	6,645	3,280	3,370
Married or living common-law	1,240	640	600	310	160	150	4,725	2,360	2,365
Married	975	505	470	175	90	85	4,550	2,270	2,275
Living common-law	265	135	130	140	70	65	180	85	90
Living common law - Never married	205	105	100	120	60	60	145	70	75
Living common law - Separated	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25	15	10	10	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	930	475	455	445	200	240	1,925	920	1,000
Not married and not living common law - Never married	640	370	270	360	170	190	1,525	825	700
Not married and not living common law - Separated	50	25	20	20	10	10	80	25	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	155	65	90	55	20	40	140	40	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	20	75	10	0	5	175	25	155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	615	...	...	175	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 persons	495	...	...	125	...	...	665	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	30	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	800	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	615	...	...	175	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	580	...	...	150	...	...	2,230	...	...
Married couples	445	...	...	85	...	...	2,145	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...	35	...	...	1,655	...	...
Without children	345	...	...	50	...	...	490	...	...
Common-law couples	135	...	...	70	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	125	...	...	60	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	25	...	...	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	20	...	...	220	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,270	1,165	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
Total - Persons in census families	1,400	695	710	430	210	215	8,535	4,260	4,280
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,160	590	570	305	155	150	4,465	2,230	2,235
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30	25	0	20	260	45	215
Children⁶	210	105	105	100	55	45	3,810	1,985	1,830
In a two-parent family	165	80	80	70	40	25	3,360	1,750	1,615
In a one-parent family	45	20	25	35	15	20	450	235	215
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	870	475	395	395	190	210	760	380	380
Living alone	770	430	340	300	135	160	120	75	40
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	15	15	10	5	450	195	260
Living with non-relatives only	80	40	40	80	40	35	185	105	80
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,430	...	...	510	...	...	2,370	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	610	...	...	165	...	...	1,610	...	...
Couple-family households	575	...	...	145	...	...	1,470	...	...
With children⁶	110	...	...	40	...	...	1,210	...	...
Without children	465	...	...	100	...	...	265	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	20	...	...	135	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	330	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	50	...	...	40	...	...	65	...	...
One-person households	770	...	...	300	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,170	1,115	1,055	755	365	395	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,070	990	730	355	385	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,000	92,000	58,400	50,000	54,400	44,400	37,600	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,070	990	730	355	385	6,225	3,100	3,125
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,000	75,500	50,800	43,200	45,600	39,200	34,800	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,965	1,030	930	685	325	355	5,465	2,860	2,600
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,500	93,000	56,400	48,000	53,600	42,800	33,200	41,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,475	825	650	610	290	320	5,090	2,660	2,430
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,500	90,000	59,600	49,600	54,400	41,600	31,800	39,600	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,745	910	825	655	320	340	5,700	2,820	2,880
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	3,640	1,390	6,360	3,920	2,720	4,880	6,850	3,160	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	45	70	80	30	45	970	325	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,280	6,000	5,560	5,760	5,440	6,000	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	200	210	245	110	140	2,770	1,325	1,440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,500	8,000	9,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,235	1,110	1,125	830	405	425	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,130	1,070	1,060	800	390	410	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	143,000	178,000	107,400	71,400	94,400	49,400	43,760	49,280	38,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,130	1,070	1,060	800	390	410	6,155	3,115	3,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	104,200	126,600	81,600	56,100	71,200	41,800	38,600	42,680	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,040	1,045	995	745	365	380	5,435	2,895	2,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	143,200	177,200	107,200	69,200	94,800	45,200	39,480	46,160	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,495	825	670	620	300	325	5,075	2,700	2,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	125,000	150,000	94,000	68,400	92,000	46,800	38,840	44,760	32,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,730	860	870	705	350	355	5,600	2,810	2,795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,460	6,920	8,000	7,920	7,080	8,760	9,770	7,060	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	45	70	90	35	60	925	345	580
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,800	5,200	7,500	6,000	8,400	8,100	7,480	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	155	200	270	110	155	2,550	1,295	1,260
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,320	11,000	9,800	8,600	7,700	9,200	9,130	8,640	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,230	1,115	1,120	830	400	425	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	905	550	355	305	155	155	2,265	1,340	925
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	118,000	131,000	88,000	70,500	90,000	59,200	51,600	56,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	169,200	203,000	117,200	108,000	144,000	72,000	56,100	61,400	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	410	185	225	255	120	140	2,045	950	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,200	31,200	46,800	18,600	25,400	14,400	17,800	22,600	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	65,200	58,000	71,000	26,400	35,500	18,400	26,360	30,100	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	95.8	96.8	94.0	90.0	93.0	85.0	79.6	87.0	69.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.4	64.8	55.8	74.0	74.0	74.0	73.2	78.6	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	4.2	3.1	6.1	9.8	6.8	15.3	20.3	12.9	30.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	0.2	0.3	1.2	0.5	2.4	2.8	1.7	4.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	2.0	4.4	2.6	7.7	9.6	7.9	11.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.8	4.0	2.4	7.0	8.6	7.3	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,165	1,115	1,055	755	360	395	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without total income	110	45	60	20	10	10	425	185	240
With total income	2,060	1,070	990	735	350	380	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	50	85	40	15	25	660	245	415
$10,000 to $19,999	145	70	75	75	25	50	670	285	380
$20,000 to $29,999	205	85	125	105	40	60	1,010	450	560
$30,000 to $39,999	135	60	75	95	50	40	965	410	555
$40,000 to $49,999	140	60	80	55	35	25	810	405	410
$50,000 to $59,999	110	40	65	55	30	30	660	340	320
$60,000 to $69,999	135	60	80	55	20	35	465	255	215
$70,000 to $79,999	115	65	50	60	30	30	325	210	120
$80,000 to $89,999	95	55	40	35	20	20	195	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	90	50	40	20	10	10	160	125	40
$100,000 and over	765	490	270	140	80	60	295	230	65
$100,000 to $149,999	285	170	120	65	35	30	255	195	60
$150,000 and over	475	325	155	75	45	30	40	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,165	1,115	1,055	755	360	395	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without after-tax income	110	45	60	20	10	10	420	185	240
With after-tax income	2,060	1,070	990	735	350	380	6,225	3,100	3,125
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	50	90	45	20	25	665	250	415
$10,000 to $19,999	150	70	80	75	25	50	685	295	390
$20,000 to $29,999	225	85	135	120	55	70	1,190	535	660
$30,000 to $39,999	170	75	95	110	60	50	1,110	510	595
$40,000 to $49,999	140	55	80	70	40	30	960	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	180	85	95	70	35	40	640	345	295
$60,000 to $69,999	150	75	75	70	30	40	400	250	150
$70,000 to $79,999	120	70	55	45	20	20	255	190	65
$80,000 to $89,999	110	60	50	25	15	15	150	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	95	60	35	10	10	0	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	580	385	195	100	55	40	100	80	25
$100,000 to $124,999	165	100	65	35	20	15	70	50	15
$125,000 and over	420	290	130	60	35	25	35	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,165	1,115	1,055	755	360	395	6,645	3,280	3,370
Without employment income	690	285	405	150	70	75	1,560	620	940
With employment income	1,480	830	650	605	290	315	5,085	2,660	2,425
Under $5,000 (including loss)	145	85	65	55	25	30	615	260	355
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	40	55	15	35	495	190	305
$10,000 to $19,999	90	45	50	55	20	40	695	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	50	60	35	25	615	300	315
$30,000 to $39,999	75	40	40	50	30	25	550	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	80	35	50	30	15	15	545	275	265
$50,000 to $59,999	85	35	45	50	25	25	460	245	215
$60,000 to $69,999	85	40	50	45	20	25	325	190	135
$70,000 to $79,999	85	40	40	45	25	15	250	180	70
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	30	30	15	10	155	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25	15	10	10	130	100	25
$100,000 and over	555	370	180	120	70	50	245	195	50
$100,000 to $124,999	140	80	65	40	20	20	170	135	40
$125,000 and over	410	295	120	80	45	35	75	65	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,170	1,115	1,055	755	365	395	6,650	3,285	3,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,040	1,050	990	725	350	375	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,500	87,000	54,400	44,800	50,000	40,000	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,040	1,050	990	725	350	375	6,015	2,995	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	69,500	46,800	40,000	44,400	36,400	33,600	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,940	1,010	930	675	320	355	5,330	2,825	2,505
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,500	87,000	56,000	44,800	51,200	39,200	36,400	44,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,485	830	655	600	285	315	5,045	2,670	2,380
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,500	80,000	58,400	47,600	54,000	40,000	35,200	41,200	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,685	875	810	640	315	325	5,410	2,670	2,735
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	890	785	970	880	810	900	1,160	940	4,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	65	25	35	45	25	20	600	180	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,550	8,700	7,400	7,300	7,600	7,150	5,440	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,235	1,110	1,125	830	405	425	6,550	3,295	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,055	1,050	795	390	400	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	146,800	192,000	101,200	71,000	95,600	47,000	41,840	48,280	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,055	1,050	795	390	400	5,945	2,995	2,945
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	104,800	133,200	76,400	55,100	70,800	40,000	36,720	41,600	31,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,980	1,010	970	745	355	390	5,250	2,850	2,400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	151,600	196,400	104,800	71,800	100,800	45,200	42,360	48,520	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,495	820	675	625	295	335	5,000	2,700	2,305
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	138,600	176,400	92,800	70,800	100,000	45,400	41,440	46,920	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,685	815	870	695	370	325	5,295	2,605	2,690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,220	5,160	5,270	4,070	4,020	4,140	4,936	2,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	75	40	35	70	35	35	595	180	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	9,000	8,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	8,960	7,650	9,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,230	1,115	1,120	830	400	425	6,555	3,295	3,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	885	540	345	305	155	155	2,215	1,310	905
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	113,000	132,000	90,000	65,500	85,000	52,000	50,400	56,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	187,600	238,000	108,400	110,000	156,000	63,000	54,800	60,550	46,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	400	180	225	235	105	125	1,895	940	960
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	60,800	61,200	59,200	31,600	38,000	29,800	26,800	29,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	79,200	79,000	79,500	37,200	45,000	30,400	32,640	35,800	29,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	97.2	98.0	95.6	94.8	96.0	93.0	89.4	95.6	81.2
Employment income (%)	67.0	71.2	59.0	79.0	78.0	80.0	83.4	87.4	77.8
Government transfers (%)	2.8	2.1	4.3	5.0	4.0	7.1	10.5	4.5	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.2	0.2	0.3	1.2	0.9	1.8	2.2	0.9	3.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,430	...	...	510	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	60,800	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	770	...	...	300	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	44,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	40,000	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	665	...	...	215	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	210,200	...	...	107,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	153,200	...	...	84,400	...	...	99,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...	275	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	67,500	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	54,800	...	...	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	730	...	...	260	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	280,500	...	...	149,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	202,400	...	...	115,000	...	...	102,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,435	...	...	510	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	35	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	30	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	40	...	...	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	20	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	20	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	785	...	...	180	...	...	1,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	140	...	...	45	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...	40	...	...	325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	155	...	...	40	...	...	325	...	...
$200,000 and over	385	...	...	60	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,435	...	...	510	...	...	2,370	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	40	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	25	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	20	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...	40	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	45	...	...	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...	25	...	...	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	25	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	20	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	655	...	...	145	...	...	995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	150	...	...	50	...	...	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	30	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	405	...	...	65	...	...	295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	625	...	...	175	...	...	2,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	100	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	45	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	20	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	60,400	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	850	470	380	375	180	200	305	185	125
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	77,000	85,000	62,000	43,200	42,000	46,000	38,800	38,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	71,500	53,200	39,600	39,200	40,400	34,800	34,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	665	...	...	235	...	...	2,265	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	290,000	...	...	149,000	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	209,200	...	...	114,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	510	...	...	155	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	303,000	...	...	158,000	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	216,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	55	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	284,000	...	...	156,000	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	25	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	850	430	415	335	175	160	305	195	110
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	130,800	133,000	128,500	66,000	75,500	56,000	42,400	46,000	36,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	97,200	99,600	94,800	54,000	60,800	47,000	36,800	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,270	1,170	1,100	825	400	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	135	65	65	75	40	30	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	35	25	10	1,235	650	585
18 to 64 years	1,560	830	730	675	320	355	5,905	2,915	2,995
65 years and over	580	270	310	70	35	35	410	200	210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	305	150	160	130	60	65	620	295	325
0 to 17 years	25	15	10	10	5	5	275	135	140
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	0	0	0	95	45	50
18 to 64 years	175	90	85	110	50	60	320	155	165
65 years and over	105	45	60	5	5	0	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.8	14.4	15.4	15.6	15.6	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	24.0	16.0	14.0	x	x	9.3	8.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	12.0	25.0	x	x	x	7.8	7.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.0	11.8	16.0	15.6	16.5	5.4	5.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	18.4	16.0	20.0	12.0	16.0	x	6.0	5.0	7.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,270	1,165	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
0 to 17 years	135	70	65	70	45	30	2,975	1,520	1,455
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	30	25	10	1,240	650	585
18 to 64 years	1,560	830	730	680	325	355	5,910	2,915	2,990
65 years and over	580	275	305	70	35	30	415	200	215
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	220	115	100	95	50	45	295	150	145
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	5	5	0	100	50	45
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	0	0	0	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	145	85	65	85	40	45	190	95	90
65 years and over	55	25	30	5	5	0	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.6	10.0	9.2	11.8	12.0	11.6	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0	10.0	x	x	3.5	3.5	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	x	16.0	x	x	x	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.8	8.8	12.6	12.8	12.8	3.1	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	9.2	9.0	9.5	x	x	x	2.4	2.0	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,270	1,165	1,100	825	400	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
In bottom half of the distribution	695	330	370	415	200	215	5,410	2,665	2,745
In bottom decile	270	135	130	130	65	70	545	265	280
In second decile	130	50	80	70	35	35	870	425	440
In third decile	135	60	65	90	40	45	1,260	605	655
In fourth decile	65	35	30	70	35	30	1,385	685	700
In fifth decile	95	40	55	55	25	25	1,350	685	665
In top half of the distribution	1,575	840	735	405	200	205	3,885	1,970	1,910
In sixth decile	90	40	40	50	20	30	1,185	615	570
In seventh decile	130	65	65	75	35	40	1,080	545	535
In eighth decile	180	105	75	45	20	25	925	455	470
In ninth decile	260	140	120	80	45	35	495	255	235
In top decile	915	480	430	155	80	75	205	100	100
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,270	...	...	820	...	...	9,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.536	...	...	0.467	...	...	0.229	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.573	...	...	0.543	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.484	...	...	0.407	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	10.0	...	...	6.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
English only	1,975	1,030	945	715	355	360	8,350	4,200	4,155
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	210	110	100	105	45	55	195	100	100
Neither English nor French	90	30	55	5	5	0	730	330	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	2,135	1,115	1,020	800	390	405	8,490	4,265	4,220
French	40	20	20	10	10	5	60	25	30
English and French	15	5	5	5	5	5	35	15	15
Neither English nor French	90	30	55	5	5	0	715	320	390
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	2,165	1,120	1,050	800	395	405	8,065	4,010	4,050
Official languages	1,370	730	645	625	310	315	1,985	980	1,005
English	1,335	715	625	610	305	310	1,945	965	980
French	35	20	20	15	10	5	40	15	20
Non-official languages	795	390	405	170	80	95	6,080	3,030	3,050
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	795	390	405	170	80	95	6,080	3,030	3,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	20	15	5	175	90	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	20	10	5	155	80	80
Amharic	5	5	0	5	0	0	50	15	30
Arabic	25	20	10	5	5	0	95	55	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	5	0	5	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	5	0	5	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	25	15	10	515	235	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indonesian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	10	20	15	10	425	190	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	110	105	75	30	45	5,080	2,550	2,525
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	20	10	15	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	20	10	15	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	10	10	5	5	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	5	5	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	10	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	25	10	15	4,955	2,485	2,470
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	25	10	15	4,745	2,390	2,355
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0	230	120	115
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0	280	145	140
Kacchi	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5	130	70	55
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0	3,135	1,590	1,545
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	10	5	5	10	5	10	800	385	420
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0	0	5	210	95	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Persian languages	15	5	5	0	0	5	85	40	45
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	30	20	10	15	90	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	5	0	5	5	0	0
Spanish	45	25	25	10	5	10	80	45	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	15	10	5	5	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	10	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	420	200	225	25	10	15	45	25	25
Chinese languages	420	200	225	25	10	15	45	25	25
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	175	85	90	15	5	10	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	225	105	120	5	5	5	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	50	55	25	10	15	1,230	625	605
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	5	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	15	10	5	1,135	575	560
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
English	1,530	815	715	645	315	330	1,715	855	865
French	15	10	5	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-official language	230	100	130	45	20	25	2,455	1,210	1,245
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	230	100	130	45	20	25	2,455	1,210	1,245
English and French	25	15	10	15	5	10	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	445	225	225	100	45	50	4,745	2,380	2,360
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	5	5	0	55	20	35
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	10	5	5	270	140	130
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
Single responses	2,215	1,140	1,070	800	395	410	8,055	4,015	4,035
Official languages	1,795	960	840	700	350	355	2,925	1,445	1,485
English	1,780	945	835	700	345	350	2,905	1,435	1,475
French	20	10	5	5	5	0	25	10	15
Non-official languages	415	185	230	100	45	50	5,120	2,575	2,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	410	185	230	100	45	50	5,120	2,575	2,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	15	5	125	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	10	10	5	105	50	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0	30	10	15
Arabic	5	0	5	5	5	0	70	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	5	0	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	20	10	10	325	155	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	20	10	10	290	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	45	35	10	25	4,500	2,265	2,235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	5	5	5	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	5	5	5	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	10	5	5	5	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	20	10	10	4,420	2,230	2,190
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	20	5	10	4,255	2,155	2,100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	95
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5	105	60	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,895	1,475	1,425
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	10	0	5	10	5	5	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Persian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25	5	0	10	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	5	0	5	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	130	155	10	5	10	35	15	15
Chinese languages	285	130	155	10	5	10	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	65	5	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	150	60	90	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	25	35	20	5	10	1,245	620	625
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	15	5	5	1,195	595	600
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,275	1,170	1,105	820	405	420	9,295	4,635	4,660
None	1,825	940	885	705	345	365	5,185	2,570	2,615
English	160	70	85	45	20	25	1,915	975	945
French	15	5	10	10	5	5	30	15	20
Non-official language	235	125	105	45	25	25	1,435	705	730
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	230	125	110	45	25	25	1,435	705	730
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	500	260	245
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	5	0	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	5	5	5	185	100	85
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,240	4,700	4,540
Official languages	2,255	1,145	1,110	885	420	460	8,595	4,435	4,160
English	2,255	1,145	1,110	885	420	460	8,560	4,415	4,140
French	245	120	130	80	45	35	265	150	115
Non-official languages	1,010	520	485	215	100	110	8,165	4,130	4,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,010	520	485	215	100	110	8,165	4,130	4,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	0	15	15	0	340	180	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	15	15	0	305	150	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
Arabic	25	20	0	0	0	0	150	90	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0	55	30	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	10	0	10	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	10	0	10	115	45	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	15	40	50	25	25	815	410	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indonesian	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	30	50	25	25	815	410	410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	205	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	60
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	225	155	95	40	50	6,485	3,270	3,215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	40	30	10	15	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	30	40	30	10	15	45	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	45	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	10	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	25	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	20	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	40	15	25	6,310	3,190	3,120
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	45	35	15	20	6,115	3,095	3,020
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	195
Hindi	30	20	10	0	0	0	1,935	975	960
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0	4,025	2,050	1,975
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0	1,465	720	740
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	310	160	150
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75
Persian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	105	50	55
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	100	55	15	10	10	235	120	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Portuguese	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	70	40	10	10	0	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	150	90	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	495	255	240	30	10	20	35	20	15
Chinese languages	495	255	240	20	10	10	30	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	135	150	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	275	135	135	0	0	0	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	10	30	30	20	10	25	10	20
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	40	10	30	30	20	10	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	10	10	0	10	0	0
Métis	30	10	25	20	10	10	15	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,310	1,165	1,145	865	405	460	9,210	4,690	4,520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	0	10	10	10	0	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,340	1,175	1,170	890	420	470	9,225	4,690	4,535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Owner	730	...	...	205	...	...	2,140	...	...
Renter	720	...	...	335	...	...	235	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Condominium	1,380	...	...	355	...	...	365	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	175	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	525	...	...	270	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	830	...	...	185	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...	60	...	...	1,410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,030	...	...	400	...	...	875	...	...
5 rooms	235	...	...	40	...	...	690	...	...
6 rooms	90	...	...	15	...	...	485	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	20	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	55	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,430	...	...	530	...	...	2,020	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	10	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Suitable	1,410	...	...	510	...	...	2,020	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	20	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	140	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	180	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	160	...	...	50	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...	45	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	210	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	245	...	...	50	...	...	400	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	410	...	...	25	...	...	1,935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,435	...	...	495	...	...	2,325	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	35	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	960	...	...	340	...	...	730	...	...
Two-maintainer household	480	...	...	185	...	...	1,305	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	10	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	330	...	...	175	...	...	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	230	...	...	115	...	...	960	...	...
45 to 54 years	190	...	...	80	...	...	465	...	...
55 to 64 years	195	...	...	80	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	240	...	...	40	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	155	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,430	...	...	530	...	...	2,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,045	...	...	360	...	...	1,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	385	...	...	165	...	...	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	285	...	...	150	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,450	...	...	535	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	435	...	...	210	...	...	1,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	375	...	...	150	...	...	640	...	...
Not suitable only	40	...	...	20	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,020	...	...	320	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,335	...	...	515	...	...	2,345	...	...
In core need	100	...	...	85	...	...	140	...	...
Not in core need	1,240	...	...	420	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	735	...	...	200	...	...	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	40.8	...	...	55.0	...	...	95.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.4	...	...	27.5	...	...	29.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.1	...	...	12.8	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...	1,530	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,420	...	...	1,600	...	...	2,230	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	628,000	...	...	376,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	872,000	...	...	508,000	...	...	461,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715	...	...	330	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.9	...	...	6.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.9	...	...	34.8	...	...	31.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.0	...	...	20.6	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,150	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,888	...	...	1,335	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,235	4,695	4,535
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	0	10	20	15	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	0	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	15	25	25	10	20	45	15	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	15	25	25	10	20	45	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10	10	0	0	25	10	15
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	20	0	15	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,295	1,155	1,145	855	405	445	9,195	4,680	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,350	1,180	1,175	900	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,990	995	995	800	385	415	6,070	3,090	2,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	120	50	70	85	30	55	2,640	1,360	1,280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,875	950	925	715	355	355	3,425	1,730	1,695
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	360	180	185	95	35	55	3,165	1,610	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,350	1,180	1,175	900	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,395	670	730	655	300	355	2,955	1,555	1,405
Immigrants⁸¹	755	385	370	220	120	105	5,900	2,930	2,970
Before 1980	195	105	90	15	15	0	60	30	35
1980 to 1990	120	70	45	25	15	10	110	65	45
1991 to 2000	115	55	65	35	20	10	575	290	285
2001 to 2010	135	70	60	75	30	45	1,670	795	865
2011 to 2021⁸²	190	85	105	65	30	35	3,490	1,755	1,740
2011 to 2015	75	40	40	20	10	10	1,760	890	870
2016 to 2021	115	45	60	45	20	25	1,730	865	865
Non-permanent residents⁸³	200	120	80	25	10	10	385	215	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	755	385	370	220	120	100	5,900	2,930	2,970
Under 5 years	30	15	20	20	10	10	410	220	185
5 to 14 years	140	90	55	35	25	10	735	415	325
15 to 24 years	150	70	75	45	20	30	1,195	515	675
25 to 44 years	315	150	165	105	60	40	2,845	1,465	1,380
45 years and over	120	65	60	20	0	15	720	315	400
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	755	385	370	220	120	100	5,900	2,930	2,970
Americas	100	50	55	15	15	0	170	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	45	15	25	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	10	10	0	15	10	0
Europe	165	110	60	60	25	35	60	25	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	35	10	30	20	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	15
Africa	55	40	15	25	25	0	395	210	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	30	0	10	10	0	165	100	65
Asia	410	185	230	115	55	65	5,265	2,610	2,655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	40
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	165	55	105	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	60	30	30	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	20	40	20	20	765	375	395
Viet Nam	40	25	15	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
India	30	15	10	10	0	0	3,175	1,595	1,575
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0	770	360	410
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	20	20	10	10	220	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10	0	0	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	115	50	65	50	20	25	1,725	860	865
Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	10	0	10	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	55	20	35	30	10	20	1,525	765	755
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	590	530
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	15	0	10	0	0	0	100	30	75
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,240	4,700	4,540
First generation¹⁰⁰	985	515	465	265	135	130	6,320	3,165	3,150
Second generation¹⁰¹	480	220	260	175	80	100	2,685	1,415	1,270
Third generation or more¹⁰²	885	440	445	450	210	240	235	115	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	560	280	275	205	105	95	5,835	2,900	2,935
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	200	155	110	50	60	3,065	1,670	1,395
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	160	120	45	50	30	20	1,375	855	520
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	80	115	60	20	40	1,695	820	875
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	70	95	55	30	25	2,125	920	1,205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	20	35	25	10	545	270	280
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	560	280	275	205	105	95	5,835	2,900	2,935
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	15	15	0	255	160	95
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	35	55	30	10	20	605	290	320
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	20	15	0	0	0	50	35	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	35	15	15	0	10	470	290	175
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	375	185	185	140	75	65	4,445	2,130	2,320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	965	480	485	225	110	110	8,910	4,525	4,390
South Asian	140	70	70	55	25	30	6,570	3,335	3,230
Chinese	580	295	285	30	0	20	30	25	10
Black	45	20	25	20	20	0	680	320	355
Filipino	25	0	25	50	25	25	970	505	465
Arab	15	10	0	0	0	0	125	70	50
Latin American	35	25	10	15	10	0	125	55	70
Southeast Asian	50	25	20	10	0	10	190	80	110
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	45
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	0	20	10	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	30	0	0	0	75	40	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,385	690	690	670	315	360	325	175	145
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	475	9,235	4,700	4,540
Canadian	115	60	60	90	40	50	475	230	250
English	330	150	185	205	100	100	65	45	15
Irish	280	150	130	170	75	95	70	35	35
Scottish	255	135	120	205	90	115	70	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	60	90	95	55	40	55	30	20
German	230	135	95	135	60	70	55	35	20
Chinese	575	290	285	20	0	15	70	45	25
Italian	100	60	45	15	10	0	20	15	10
Indian (India)	75	50	30	15	0	10	2,825	1,395	1,430
Ukrainian	140	75	65	55	15	35	0	0	0
Dutch	40	20	15	20	0	10	15	15	0
Polish	75	40	35	35	10	25	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	25	45	50	30	20	0	0	0
Filipino	35	0	30	50	30	25	885	445	440
French Canadian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	0	10	15	0	0	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	25	0	20	25	15	10	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	20	15	20	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	60	10	50	40	25	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	105	40	65	25	20	10	15	10	10
Welsh	50	30	20	30	20	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	75	50	25	25	10	15	25	0	15
Spanish	20	10	0	25	10	10	50	15	35
Swedish	30	15	15	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	15	20	0	0	0	1,215	610	610
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jewish	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	465	440
Vietnamese	55	25	30	10	0	10	150	60	90
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	20	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	50
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	15	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	20	10	10	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	535	505
Austrian	25	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hindu	10	10	0	0	0	0	365	190	175
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	20
Croatian	15	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	25	15	0	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	115	95
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	10	0	0	0	90	40	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	0	0	0	70	35	35
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	55
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	55
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	55	70
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,350	1,175	1,175	895	425	470	9,235	4,700	4,535
Buddhist	95	35	60	25	0	15	55	20	35
Christian	950	455	495	305	150	150	1,910	960	950
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	165	70	100	55	20	30	470	235	235
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	75	25	45	30	15	15	15	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catholic	470	240	230	150	70	75	965	490	475
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	15	10	0	80	45	40
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lutheran	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10	0	0	0	105	55	50
Presbyterian	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	95	50	45	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	25	20	25	20	0	155	70	85
Hindu	25	10	15	0	0	0	1,230	640	595
Jewish	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	90	40	50	30	15	10	2,075	1,060	1,020
Sikh	20	10	10	0	0	0	3,420	1,730	1,690
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	10	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
No religion and secular perspectives	1,145	615	525	525	250	275	515	285	230
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,320	1,160	1,160	895	425	465	9,000	4,560	4,440
Non-movers	1,730	865	870	695	340	350	7,005	3,540	3,465
Movers	590	300	290	200	85	115	2,000	1,025	975
Non-migrants	400	195	205	155	65	90	1,645	820	825
Migrants	185	105	80	40	20	20	355	205	150
Internal migrants	105	55	45	15	0	10	290	170	120
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10	0	0	0	115	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	85	45	35	0	0	0	170	110	65
External migrants	80	50	35	30	15	10	70	35	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,265	1,125	1,145	860	410	445	8,165	4,065	4,095
Non-movers	720	320	400	350	205	145	1,550	730	815
Movers	1,545	805	740	515	215	300	6,615	3,335	3,280
Non-migrants	930	470	460	320	125	195	4,440	2,220	2,225
Migrants	620	335	280	190	85	105	2,175	1,120	1,055
Internal migrants	350	195	155	135	60	75	930	500	430
Intraprovincial migrants	130	75	50	65	35	30	270	145	125
Interprovincial migrants	230	125	105	70	25	45	655	355	305
External migrants	265	140	125	55	25	30	1,245	615	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,115	1,120	830	405	425	6,555	3,295	3,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	145	45	100	65	35	25	1,235	575	655
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,085	1,065	1,020	765	365	395	5,320	2,720	2,605
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,455	780	680	660	315	340	5,200	2,540	2,660
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	20	15	35	30	10	720	320	400
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,415	760	660	620	290	330	4,485	2,220	2,260
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,110	1,120	830	405	425	6,555	3,295	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	45	95	55	35	20	1,160	540	615
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	275	105	170	175	85	95	1,695	985	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,815	960	855	595	285	310	3,700	1,770	1,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	135	215	185	65	120	1,265	620	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	15	35	30	10	10	170	100	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	0	25	10	10	0	85	30	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	10	10	0	10	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	215	85	135	140	50	90	800	380	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	40	50	20	0	15	285	135	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,460	820	640	415	220	195	2,435	1,150	1,285
Bachelor's degree	965	480	480	295	135	160	1,565	760	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	55	10	15	10	0	125	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	40	0	0	0	55	30	25
Master's degree	320	215	105	85	55	30	680	300	380
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	50	0	20	20	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,455	775	675	655	315	345	5,205	2,540	2,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	10	30	25	0	660	285	370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	55	55	110	55	55	1,175	670	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,315	705	610	520	235	280	3,370	1,585	1,785
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	90	120	155	50	105	1,080	525	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	0	15	25	15	0	145	80	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	10	0	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	0	0	10	0	0	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	135	55	75	125	40	80	675	320	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	30	30	15	0	15	250	125	130
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,100	610	490	360	180	180	2,295	1,065	1,235
Bachelor's degree	745	365	375	255	115	145	1,455	695	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	45	0	10	10	0	110	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	10	40	0	0	0	55	30	20
Master's degree	225	160	70	80	50	35	655	280	370
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	40	0	15	15	0	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,230	1,110	1,120	825	400	430	6,555	3,295	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	420	150	265	235	115	115	2,855	1,525	1,330
Education	75	20	60	10	0	0	145	20	120
13. Education	75	20	60	10	0	0	145	20	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	40	35	60	20	40	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	70	40	35	50	20	30	30	20	15
Humanities	70	25	45	25	10	15	345	120	225
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0	0	0	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0	0	0	0	220	75	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	120	155	120	40	75	270	105	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	30	15	0	15	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
22. Legal professions and studies	115	75	40	25	20	0	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	15	0	15	20	0	15	20	10	15
45. Social sciences	90	40	50	55	20	40	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	600	300	295	165	65	100	895	445	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	590	300	290	160	65	95	865	440	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	115	25	50	25	25	210	95	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	10	0	10	75	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	10	0	0	75	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	90	15	35	20	15	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20	0	0	0	340	185	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	20	0	0	0	310	175	135
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	270	210	55	100	85	10	650	530	125
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	15	10	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	205	160	40	55	55	0	365	290	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	35	10	25	25	0	160	125	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	55	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	50	40	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	45	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	200	60	145	40	20	25	665	155	515
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15	10	10	0	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	60	125	30	10	25	630	125	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	20	15	0	10	80	45	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	20	10	0	10	40	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,455	775	675	660	315	340	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	70	65	140	80	55	1,830	955	875
Education	25	10	15	0	0	0	130	20	110
13. Education	25	10	15	0	0	0	130	20	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	35	20	55	20	35	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	35	20	45	20	25	30	20	15
Humanities	50	20	35	25	10	15	325	115	205
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0	0	0	0	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	80	95	95	30	65	245	100	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	10	0	10	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
22. Legal professions and studies	80	55	30	25	15	10	40	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	55	20	35	45	10	40	105	55	55
Business, management and public administration	465	240	230	155	60	100	830	410	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	235	225	155	60	95	800	400	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	80	25	35	10	25	165	80	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	60	25	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	80	65	10	25	10	15	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	45	20	0	0	0	320	175	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	20	0	0	0	300	165	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	150	50	85	75	10	575	455	115
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	10	0	0	20	10	10
14. Engineering	145	120	30	45	40	0	320	250	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	25	10	20	20	0	155	125	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	155	40	115	40	15	20	635	145	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	140	40	100	30	10	20	595	120	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15	10	0	0	60	35	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	0	0	0	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,455	775	675	660	315	340	5,200	2,540	2,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	70	65	140	80	55	1,830	955	875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,315	710	610	520	235	285	3,375	1,585	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	955	515	440	420	190	230	1,075	470	605
Same as province or territory of residence	630	345	285	260	135	125	700	290	415
Different than province or territory of residence	320	165	155	150	55	100	375	185	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	360	195	165	100	50	55	2,300	1,110	1,185
Americas	90	65	25	15	0	0	70	40	30
United States of America	80	50	25	10	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	35	30	35	20	20	85	55	35
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	15	30	15	15	45	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asia	165	75	90	55	25	30	2,060	980	1,090
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	95	60	35	15	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	25	10	15	375	165	210
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	620	665
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0	255	120	135
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0	80	50	25
Oceania	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
Australia	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,235	1,110	1,120	830	405	425	6,555	3,295	3,260
In the labour force	1,430	805	625	605	290	315	4,840	2,620	2,215
Employed	1,315	745	570	515	245	265	4,370	2,415	1,945
Unemployed	110	50	55	85	40	45	475	205	270
Not in the labour force	805	315	495	225	115	110	1,715	675	1,045
Participation rate	64.0	72.5	55.8	72.9	71.6	74.1	73.8	79.5	67.9
Employment rate	58.8	67.1	50.9	62.0	60.5	62.4	66.7	73.3	59.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	6.2	8.8	14.0	13.8	14.3	9.8	7.8	12.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,230	1,110	1,120	825	405	430	6,555	3,295	3,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	780	300	480	235	115	120	1,985	835	1,150
Worked	1,450	810	640	595	285	310	4,570	2,460	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	950	585	370	310	150	160	2,365	1,415	950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	500	230	270	280	135	150	2,205	1,045	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	45.2	42.6	41.1	43.2	39.2	40.4	42.4	38.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,430	800	625	605	290	320	4,840	2,625	2,220
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10	15	10	10	95	40	55
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620	585	280	300	4,740	2,585	2,165
Employee	1,190	650	535	495	240	255	4,070	2,040	2,025
Permanent position	1,005	530	470	410	195	220	3,505	1,805	1,700
Temporary position	185	120	65	85	45	35	560	240	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	110	80	25	25	15	10	180	80	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	75	35	35	55	30	25	380	160	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	205	120	80	90	45	45	670	540	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,430	800	625	605	290	320	4,840	2,625	2,220
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10	15	10	10	95	40	55
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620	585	280	300	4,740	2,585	2,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	60	15	0	0	0	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	450	225	230	160	70	95	690	280	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	235	175	60	85	65	20	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	125	45	85	20	0	20	450	70	375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	215	115	100	80	40	45	300	55	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	30	35	25	15	40	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	205	100	105	120	30	95	1,340	590	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	0	55	35	15	1,360	1,180	185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	185	100	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,430	800	625	605	290	320	4,840	2,625	2,220
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	25	10	15	10	10	95	40	55
All industries¹⁹¹	1,395	775	620	585	280	300	4,740	2,585	2,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	260	165	100	45	30	15	40	40	0
22 Utilities	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	10	10	40	15	25	265	245	20
31-33 Manufacturing	15	15	0	20	20	0	170	105	60
41 Wholesale trade	45	40	10	20	0	10	110	70	40
44-45 Retail trade	50	30	20	50	25	25	710	370	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	25	20	35	20	20	945	745	200
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	0	0	0	70	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	105	80	20	30	10	20	185	75	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	15	10	0	0	70	50	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	330	205	120	105	55	50	320	195	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	0	25	40	20	25	275	150	125
61 Educational services	35	20	15	35	25	15	200	50	150
62 Health care and social assistance	170	35	130	50	20	35	630	100	530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	15	20	0	15	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	65	30	30	45	15	25	425	180	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	0	20	15	0	10	160	80	80
91 Public administration	75	40	35	20	15	0	130	60	65
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,495	830	665	635	295	340	5,175	2,790	2,390
English	1,420	795	620	595	275	320	4,365	2,340	2,020
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35	30	20	10	665	370	290
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,495	830	665	635	295	340	5,175	2,790	2,390
Single responses	1,480	825	660	630	295	335	5,030	2,695	2,340
Official languages	1,465	820	650	615	290	325	4,805	2,550	2,255
English	1,465	820	650	615	290	325	4,805	2,550	2,255
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	225	140	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	225	140	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	135	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	125	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	125	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	120	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	0	0	0	150	95	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	95	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,495	830	665	635	295	340	5,175	2,790	2,390
None	1,430	795	630	600	275	325	4,625	2,495	2,125
English	10	0	0	0	0	0	95	70	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-official language	45	20	25	15	15	0	345	185	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	15	15	0	345	185	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,320	750	570	515	245	270	4,365	2,415	1,945
Worked at home	675	370	305	190	100	90	650	365	285
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	80	55	25	40	20	20	910	680	240
Usual place of work	555	325	230	285	125	165	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	550	325	235	285	125	160	2,795	1,375	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	545	320	225	280	120	155	2,290	1,080	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	0	0	0	460	250	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	630	375	255	330	145	180	3,710	2,050	1,655
Car, truck or van	315	165	150	210	110	95	3,275	1,890	1,380
Car, truck or van - as a driver	295	160	135	190	110	80	3,020	1,805	1,215
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	10	20	0	20	250	85	165
Public transit	45	10	35	45	10	35	345	125	225
Walked	230	180	50	50	15	35	20	0	10
Bicycle	10	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other method	35	20	25	0	0	0	75	35	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	630	375	255	330	145	180	3,710	2,050	1,655
Less than 15 minutes	180	125	50	85	55	35	720	390	335
15 to 29 minutes	345	215	135	175	85	90	1,690	950	745
30 to 44 minutes	65	20	45	35	0	25	970	550	420
45 to 59 minutes	25	0	20	20	0	20	155	65	90
60 minutes and over	25	10	10	0	0	0	170	95	70
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	630	375	255	330	145	180	3,710	2,050	1,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15	0	10	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	70	35	35	55	30	20	555	255	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	235	145	90	80	45	35	680	345	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	130	75	65	40	20	620	370	255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	85	55	30	60	20	45	565	315	250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	15	30	50	10	45	1,010	600	410
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	135	70	65	75	45	30	3,010	1,535	1,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	10	10	0	90	40	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	70	65	70	35	30	2,925	1,505	1,425
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	75	35	40	45	20	25	1,910	945	960
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	5	5	0	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	35	40	40	20	25	1,850	920	925

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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