Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060606More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062252More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,485	...	...	1,488	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,073	...	...	806	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,670	...	...	767	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9,010.2	...	...	944.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.28	...	...	1.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,485	1,410	1,075	1,490	690	795
0 to 14 years	105	50	55	155	75	75
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	45	25	25
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	50	20	25
10 to 14 years	30	10	20	55	35	25
15 to 64 years	2,285	1,295	990	1,030	485	550
15 to 19 years	50	35	20	60	30	35
20 to 24 years	355	160	190	90	55	35
25 to 29 years	640	345	295	80	35	45
30 to 34 years	455	270	185	75	35	40
35 to 39 years	240	140	105	105	55	50
40 to 44 years	135	75	65	105	40	65
45 to 49 years	90	50	35	95	40	60
50 to 54 years	95	60	30	135	60	70
55 to 59 years	115	75	35	160	75	85
60 to 64 years	105	80	30	130	55	70
65 years and over	100	60	35	300	130	170
65 to 69 years	50	35	20	115	50	65
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	85	40	45
75 to 79 years	10	10	5	55	25	35
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	30	15	15
85 years and over	5	5	5	15	0	10
85 to 89 years	0	0	5	5	0	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.2	3.5	5.1	10.4	10.9	9.4
15 to 64 years	92.0	91.8	92.1	69.1	70.3	69.2
65 years and over	4.0	4.3	3.3	20.1	18.8	21.4
85 years and over	0.2	0.4	0.5	1.0	0.0	1.3
Average age of the population	34.7	36.1	33.0	45.9	44.8	46.9
Median age of the population	30.8	31.8	29.6	49.2	47.6	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,670	...	...	765	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	195	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,570	...	...	530	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,670	...	...	770	...	...
1 person	1,055	...	...	325	...	...
2 persons	510	...	...	275	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
Average household size	1.5	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,380	1,360	1,020	1,335	615	725
Married or living common-law	885	460	430	760	380	385
Married	440	230	210	635	310	320
Living common-law	445	235	215	125	65	65
Living common law - Never married	410	210	195	90	45	45
Living common law - Separated	5	5	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	10	35	15	20
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	5	5	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,495	895	595	570	235	335
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,255	770	490	325	155	165
Not married and not living common law - Separated	75	35	35	30	15	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	145	85	60	155	60	100
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	55	5	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	470	...	...	420	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...	270	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	425	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...	370	...	...
Married couples	210	...	...	305	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	135	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	170	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	205	...	...	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	55	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
Total - Persons in census families	1,050	530	525	1,100	540	560
Married spouses or common-law partners	860	445	415	740	370	370
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	50	10	45
Children⁶	155	85	70	310	165	145
In a two-parent family	105	55	50	245	135	115
In a one-parent family	50	30	20	60	30	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,370	835	530	385	145	240
Living alone	1,060	665	400	330	125	205
Living with other relatives⁷	70	35	35	15	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	240	140	105	45	15	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,670	...	...	770	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	455	...	...	395	...	...
Couple-family households	420	...	...	350	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	135	...	...
Without children	340	...	...	215	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	50	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	1,060	...	...	330	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,335	610	720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	1,305	605	700
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,000	39,200	52,000	64,500	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	1,305	605	700
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,200	35,200	45,600	55,200	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,045	1,150	900	1,230	575	655
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,000	34,000	46,800	58,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,930	1,070	860	925	450	480
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,400	33,600	48,800	57,200	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,085	1,195	890	1,115	515	595
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	4,800	6,500	6,200	3,960	7,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	175	135	90	50	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,480	5,160	5,080	6,000	4,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	505	465	340	140	200
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,000	9,000	8,700	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,360	620	740
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	1,320	610	715
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,850	71,400	51,900	104,800	149,000	67,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	1,320	610	715
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,250	57,200	43,600	77,100	104,800	53,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,065	1,130	930	1,265	580	690
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	72,400	48,200	101,200	150,000	60,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,920	1,020	900	880	415	460
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,000	70,200	46,200	109,200	161,000	62,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,115	1,190	925	1,095	510	585
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,990	8,000	7,960	9,700	8,840	10,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	175	125	80	45	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160	4,840	8,000	5,000	5,800	4,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	490	450	350	135	215
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,180	9,440	8,920	9,960	9,400	10,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	615	740
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	945	540	395	385	220	160
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	76,500	60,800	107,000	108,000	95,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,000	105,200	74,000	159,500	184,000	126,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	820	400	425	380	140	235
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	24,000	18,400	23,200	29,600	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,700	31,700	25,900	85,600	180,000	29,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	89.6	86.0	92.4	95.0	87.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	78.4	80.0	69.2	74.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	10.4	14.2	7.7	5.0	12.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	1.9	0.3	0.3	0.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.4	8.2	2.7	1.5	5.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	5.1	7.7	2.5	1.4	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,335	615	725
Without total income	55	30	25	35	10	20
With total income	2,285	1,295	990	1,300	600	700
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	75	70	115	45	75
$10,000 to $19,999	195	95	100	135	55	80
$20,000 to $29,999	395	205	190	150	60	95
$30,000 to $39,999	355	190	160	120	45	70
$40,000 to $49,999	245	125	115	120	45	70
$50,000 to $59,999	210	110	100	75	35	40
$60,000 to $69,999	130	80	55	95	40	60
$70,000 to $79,999	125	80	45	75	35	40
$80,000 to $89,999	100	60	40	60	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	70	55	20	50	20	30
$100,000 and over	320	225	95	305	190	115
$100,000 to $149,999	195	125	75	150	80	70
$150,000 and over	130	105	25	155	110	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,335	615	725
Without after-tax income	55	30	25	35	10	20
With after-tax income	2,285	1,295	990	1,300	600	700
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	75	70	135	50	90
$10,000 to $19,999	205	95	105	130	55	75
$20,000 to $29,999	455	240	215	165	65	100
$30,000 to $39,999	400	215	180	145	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	290	150	140	130	60	75
$50,000 to $59,999	195	115	80	110	45	65
$60,000 to $69,999	165	110	60	90	40	50
$70,000 to $79,999	105	60	45	80	40	40
$80,000 to $89,999	95	55	40	50	25	30
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	15	45	25	20
$100,000 and over	185	145	40	215	145	75
$100,000 to $124,999	75	60	20	85	50	35
$125,000 and over	105	90	20	135	95	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,335	615	725
Without employment income	400	250	145	410	165	245
With employment income	1,935	1,075	860	930	445	480
Under $5,000 (including loss)	155	75	80	130	55	75
$5,000 to $9,999	195	90	100	70	35	35
$10,000 to $19,999	240	100	135	85	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	190	110	85	65	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	195	105	90	70	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	145	70	70	60	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65	50	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	125	70	55	55	15	35
$70,000 to $79,999	115	80	40	45	15	30
$80,000 to $89,999	85	50	35	50	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	70	40	25	40	15	25
$100,000 and over	275	205	75	220	140	80
$100,000 to $124,999	115	70	45	60	35	25
$125,000 and over	165	135	35	160	105	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,335	610	720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	1,270	590	680
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,800	32,000	55,600	69,000	48,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	1,270	590	680
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	29,800	49,200	58,800	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,005	1,130	880	1,220	570	650
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	34,800	54,000	68,000	46,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,890	1,065	830	945	455	480
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	34,000	53,600	68,000	47,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,950	1,105	845	1,050	490	560
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	890	920	970	900	1,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	120	70	50	45	20	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,600	5,280	5,680	6,850	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,360	620	740
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	1,290	595	695
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	70,000	49,200	109,300	154,500	70,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	1,290	595	695
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,680	54,500	40,900	79,100	107,200	55,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	1,110	890	1,235	575	665
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,800	74,800	50,100	109,000	155,500	68,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,905	1,040	870	925	455	475
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	70,400	47,500	107,600	146,500	70,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,885	1,060	825	1,050	490	560
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,332	3,980	2,496	5,740	5,060	6,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	105	60	40	35	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,800	6,200	6,800	...	8,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	615	740
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	940	545	395	385	215	170
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	56,400	102,000	104,000	95,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,000	99,600	72,000	141,000	148,000	133,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	770	385	385	370	135	235
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	25,000	23,800	30,000	37,600	27,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,000	37,400	28,500	88,000	180,000	34,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	95.2	95.6	95.6	97.0	92.8
Employment income (%)	85.2	83.6	88.4	70.8	72.5	68.0
Government transfers (%)	4.7	4.8	4.4	4.3	2.7	7.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.2	x	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,670	...	...	770	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	330	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	615	...	...	435	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,600	...	...	780	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	178,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	131,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	320	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,800	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	247,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	178,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,670	...	...	770	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	420	...	...	340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	135	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,670	...	...	770	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	285	...	...	285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	145	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	500	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.4	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,300	800	495	370	140	235
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	44,000	39,600	63,600	66,000	62,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,400	36,400	54,400	56,800	54,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	560	...	...	440	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,500	...	...	252,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,400	...	...	181,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	355	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	141,500	...	...	210,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	150,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	395,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	284,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,160	690	475	355	120	235
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,700	62,500	53,200	75,600	82,000	72,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,400	52,300	45,000	61,000	66,000	58,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	795
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	185	90	90
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	55	25	30
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,255	970	1,005	465	540
65 years and over	95	55	35	300	130	170
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	265	155	145	65	85
0 to 17 years	10	10	0	15	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	375	235	135	95	40	55
65 years and over	40	25	15	30	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	19.6	14.6	9.8	9.2	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	12.0	x	10.0	10.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	12.0	16.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	18.8	14.2	9.8	9.6	10.0
65 years and over (%)	40.0	40.0	40.0	10.0	8.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
0 to 17 years	110	55	50	180	95	90
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,250	970	1,000	465	535
65 years and over	90	60	35	305	135	170
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	180	135	100	45	55
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	290	170	125	75	35	40
65 years and over	20	10	10	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	13.3	12.8	6.7	6.4	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	8.0	10.0	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.0	16.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	13.4	12.8	7.4	6.8	7.8
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.0	25.0	3.6	x	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	795
In bottom half of the distribution	1,395	775	620	505	215	290
In bottom decile	410	240	165	130	55	75
In second decile	305	170	140	100	40	60
In third decile	270	145	125	105	40	60
In fourth decile	190	95	95	95	40	50
In fifth decile	220	120	100	80	35	45
In top half of the distribution	1,025	595	435	985	475	510
In sixth decile	160	90	70	135	55	80
In seventh decile	210	120	90	105	55	55
In eighth decile	150	80	70	125	55	70
In ninth decile	235	135	100	180	85	90
In top decile	270	170	100	440	220	220
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,425	...	...	1,490	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.407	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.514	...	...	0.556	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.361	...	...	0.435	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
English only	2,180	1,235	950	1,345	625	720
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	230	135	95	120	55	70
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
English	2,345	1,320	1,025	1,440	670	775
French	50	30	20	20	10	10
English and French	15	10	5	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	15	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
Single responses	2,290	1,305	985	1,440	665	775
Official languages	1,640	960	680	1,105	520	580
English	1,595	935	660	1,080	510	565
French	45	25	20	25	15	15
Non-official languages	650	340	310	335	140	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	335	310	335	140	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	20	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	20	5	0	0
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	40	20	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	175	140	200	80	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	80	25	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	80	25	55
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Russian	20	10	10	30	15	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	10	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	5	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	25	10	10
German	10	10	0	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	5	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	125	70	55	45	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	90	50	40	15	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	35	15	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	35	15	20
Dari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	25	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	70	65	40	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	5	5	0
Romanian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Spanish	90	45	45	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	35	15	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	65	30	30
Chinese languages	100	40	60	65	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	30	20	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	70	65	50	25	20
English and French	10	5	5	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	55	40	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
English	1,710	1,005	705	1,165	550	615
French	15	10	5	10	5	0
Non-official language	115	60	50	80	35	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	60	50	80	35	40
English and French	30	15	15	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	540	265	270	220	95	125
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,490	690	800
Single responses	2,345	1,330	1,010	1,445	665	775
Official languages	2,035	1,175	865	1,295	605	695
English	2,015	1,160	855	1,285	595	690
French	20	15	10	10	5	0
Non-official languages	310	160	145	150	65	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	160	145	150	65	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	65	80	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	35	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	15	10	5	20	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	25	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	25	10	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	20	5	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	40	25	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	40	25	20	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	35	15	20
Chinese languages	40	15	25	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	25	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40	45	20	20
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	45	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,425	1,375	1,055	1,490	690	800
None	1,895	1,105	795	1,285	605	680
English	165	80	85	65	30	35
French	25	10	10	10	5	5
Non-official language	275	130	140	110	40	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	270	135	140	110	40	65
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	15	10	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,530	715	815
Official languages	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,500	700	800
English	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,500	700	800
French	235	110	125	95	45	45
Non-official languages	1,040	545	495	420	225	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,040	545	495	420	225	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	75	30	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	80	60	20	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	100	70	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	80	70	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	505	265	240	210	110	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	25	10	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	25	10	75	35	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian	15	10	10	40	20	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	60	35	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	15	0	55	30	20
German	15	15	0	50	25	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	80	85	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	20	10	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	105	45	60	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	140	140	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	235	120	110	45	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	15	10	10	0
Korean	35	25	10	60	25	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	80	110	70	40
Chinese languages	125	50	80	110	70	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	25	50	100	60	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	25	35	25	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,530	720	810
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	110	50	60	15	0	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	110	50	60	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	65	30	25	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,355	1,335	1,020	1,515	720	795
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,530	720	810
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	20	15	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,425	1,360	1,060	1,530	720	810
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
Owner	300	...	...	505	...	...
Renter	1,295	...	...	270	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
Condominium	875	...	...	605	...	...
Not condominium	725	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	940	...	...	145	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...	415	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	90	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,435	...	...	420	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	105	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	170	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.1	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,555	...	...	775	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
Suitable	1,510	...	...	755	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
1960 or before	140	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	350	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	145	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	45	...	...	335	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	320	...	...
2011 to 2015	250	...	...	35	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	485	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,475	...	...	770	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,095	...	...	440	...	...
Two-maintainer household	495	...	...	320	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
15 to 24 years	215	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	720	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	245	...	...	115	...	...
45 to 54 years	165	...	...	145	...	...
55 to 64 years	160	...	...	170	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	175	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	70	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,585	...	...	775	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	945	...	...	560	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	635	...	...	220	...	...
30% to less than 100%	545	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,600	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	765	...	...	230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	580	...	...	210	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	55	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	835	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,495	...	...	725	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	80	...	...
Not in core need	1,245	...	...	645	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	305	...	...	510	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	85.2	...	...	58.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.3	...	...	14.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	1,510	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	1,820	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	364,000	...	...	376,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	396,000	...	...	584,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.6	...	...	52.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	22.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,368	...	...	1,620	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,535	720	810
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	130	50	80	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	130	50	80	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	35	45	10	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,305	1,325	980	1,510	715	800
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,530	720	810
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,955	1,125	830	1,435	680	755
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	60	40	190	100	85
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,855	1,065	785	1,245	575	670
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	505	260	245	100	40	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,530	720	810
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,530	900	630	1,160	540	625
Immigrants⁸¹	760	405	355	350	170	180
Before 1980	55	35	15	50	25	25
1980 to 1990	25	0	20	35	10	20
1991 to 2000	155	90	70	95	65	30
2001 to 2010	160	75	85	65	25	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	365	195	165	105	35	65
2011 to 2015	105	55	50	75	25	55
2016 to 2021	260	145	115	25	15	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	80	90	20	15	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	760	400	360	350	165	180
Under 5 years	65	40	25	15	10	10
5 to 14 years	160	90	75	40	30	10
15 to 24 years	140	85	55	65	20	40
25 to 44 years	345	165	175	175	80	90
45 years and over	45	20	25	55	20	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	760	400	360	350	165	180
Americas	125	60	60	45	25	25
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	95	65	25	100	45	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	20	20	0
Africa	70	35	35	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	10	10	0
Asia	465	235	225	190	80	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	50	25	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	20	0	55	30	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	75	65	30	10	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	140	75	65	15	0	10
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	260	145	115	25	10	15
Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	115	90	25	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	40	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,530	715	815
First generation¹⁰⁰	960	500	460	385	195	190
Second generation¹⁰¹	495	310	185	285	115	170
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,005	575	430	860	410	445
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	705	365	340	300	145	155
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	505	265	245	195	90	110
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	115	85	80	50	35
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	305	150	155	115	40	75
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	130	55	70	75	30	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	50	25	25	20	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	705	365	340	300	145	155
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	30	25	40	15	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	15	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	30	40	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	540	285	260	235	110	125
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,530	720	810
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,060	540	520	295	150	145
South Asian	180	95	85	50	20	25
Chinese	125	45	85	130	85	55
Black	130	60	75	0	0	0
Filipino	175	95	80	15	0	10
Arab	70	55	0	0	0	0
Latin American	185	95	85	10	0	0
Southeast Asian	45	20	25	0	0	0
West Asian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	55	25	30
Japanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	60	25	25	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,400	840	555	1,235	570	665
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,530	720	810
Canadian	155	90	70	110	75	35
English	325	210	115	350	185	165
Irish	265	160	110	240	90	145
Scottish	275	170	110	340	155	185
French, n.o.s.¹²²	135	70	70	115	45	65
German	275	175	100	225	105	120
Chinese	165	70	100	135	80	60
Italian	105	60	45	30	0	25
Indian (India)	145	65	80	35	20	15
Ukrainian	120	75	45	140	50	95
Dutch	75	50	30	40	15	20
Polish	90	75	20	105	40	60
Québécois	15	10	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	30	20	65	15	50
Filipino	180	100	85	30	10	25
French Canadian	40	30	10	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	65	40	30	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	15	15	10	0	10
Métis	65	25	45	10	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	35	35	60	40	25
Russian	45	30	10	40	15	25
Norwegian	25	15	15	110	45	65
Welsh	30	0	25	20	15	10
Portuguese	40	25	15	15	0	10
American	35	25	10	40	15	25
Spanish	70	45	25	20	10	15
Swedish	10	10	0	30	10	20
Hungarian	45	25	20	20	0	20
Acadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	25	15	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	45	15	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	60	30	30
Romanian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	10	10	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Belgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	10	10	0	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	60	20	35	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	25	15	15	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	25	15	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	15	15	0	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,530	720	810
Buddhist	20	10	10	0	0	0
Christian	885	475	410	815	350	465
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	225	100	125	210	105	100
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	25	0	45	25	20
Baptist	10	0	10	15	10	10
Catholic	495	265	235	280	100	180
Christian Orthodox	20	20	0	20	0	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	20	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	65	35	35	105	45	60
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	25	15	30	15	20
Hindu	80	45	40	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Muslim	155	100	50	30	10	20
Sikh	25	20	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0	15	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	1,280	720	555	630	335	300
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,445	1,375	1,070	1,530	715	810
Non-movers	1,340	790	550	1,275	615	660
Movers	1,105	585	525	250	105	150
Non-migrants	755	400	360	195	70	125
Migrants	355	190	170	60	30	25
Internal migrants	325	175	155	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	150	95	55	25	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	95	0	0	0
External migrants	30	10	15	35	20	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,430	1,365	1,065	1,475	690	790
Non-movers	465	275	195	710	330	380
Movers	1,960	1,090	870	760	360	405
Non-migrants	1,025	560	465	490	230	270
Migrants	935	530	405	270	130	140
Internal migrants	635	365	275	180	85	95
Intraprovincial migrants	295	190	105	70	40	30
Interprovincial migrants	345	170	170	110	45	65
External migrants	300	165	130	90	45	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,345	1,315	1,035	1,355	615	740
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	110	40	85	30	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,200	1,205	990	1,270	585	685
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,825	1,025	800	865	380	485
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	50	15	25	10	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,760	975	785	835	375	465
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	620	735
No certificate, diploma or degree	140	100	35	70	30	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	530	335	195	300	105	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	880	800	990	485	505
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	275	265	335	160	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	65	25	45	35	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	15	25	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	40	10	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	350	150	200	265	115	150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	60	40	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,140	605	535	655	330	325
Bachelor's degree	760	390	365	460	230	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	40	25	45	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	25	15	0
Master's degree	260	150	110	100	55	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	20	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	1,025	800	860	380	485
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	15	25	0	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	340	230	105	135	35	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	745	680	710	335	380
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	215	230	220	110	110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	45	25	30	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	20	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	35	10	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	300	130	165	175	80	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	35	35	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	985	530	450	490	220	265
Bachelor's degree	625	335	290	345	160	190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	40	30	40	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	20	10	10
Master's degree	235	135	100	80	45	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	620	735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	670	435	235	365	135	230
Education	50	20	30	95	20	75
13. Education	50	20	30	95	20	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	25	40	30	0	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	30	0	25
Humanities	30	20	15	25	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	80	115	115	55	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	10	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	50	40	10	25	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	15	30	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	70	15	55	50	25	30
Business, management and public administration	535	260	275	225	115	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510	255	255	220	115	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	35	70	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	15	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	75	35	55	35	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	75	35	45	35	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	335	260	75	170	145	20
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	165	130	35	80	70	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	45	20	35	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	10	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	20	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	190	60	130	160	45	120
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	165	40	120	140	30	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	35	40	25	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	20	35	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,825	1,025	805	865	380	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	400	280	125	155	50	105
Education	45	15	25	45	0	40
13. Education	45	15	25	45	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	30	0	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	30	0	30
Humanities	25	10	15	20	10	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	65	95	100	40	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	35	10	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	25	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	55	15	45	50	15	25
Business, management and public administration	460	215	245	150	60	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	210	225	145	60	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	25	50	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	25	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	60	25	35	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	275	215	60	140	120	20
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	15	0	0
14. Engineering	140	115	20	75	60	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	40	20	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	15	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	175	60	115	95	25	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	145	35	115	85	20	65
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	25	25	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	20	25	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,825	1,025	805	865	380	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	400	280	125	155	50	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,425	745	680	715	330	375
Location of study inside Canada	1,045	580	465	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	680	395	290	365	180	185
Different than province or territory of residence	360	190	175	180	80	100
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	165	215	170	75	95
Americas	120	50	70	30	20	10
United States of America	50	25	25	25	15	10
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20	45	20	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	15	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	15	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	190	70	125	100	40	60
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	35	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	35	10	25
Philippines	55	15	40	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	25	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	620	735
In the labour force	1,990	1,090	900	835	400	430
Employed	1,765	975	785	730	350	380
Unemployed	225	110	115	100	50	50
Not in the labour force	355	230	135	525	220	305
Participation rate	84.7	82.9	87.0	61.6	64.5	58.5
Employment rate	75.1	74.1	75.8	53.9	56.5	51.7
Unemployment rate	11.3	10.1	12.8	12.0	12.5	11.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,355	620	735
Did not work¹⁸⁶	470	290	180	515	210	310
Worked	1,880	1,025	855	840	415	430
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,010	590	420	410	235	175
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	865	430	435	430	180	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.2	39.6	39.8	40.6	39.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,995	1,085	905	830	400	430
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	815	390	420
Employee	1,725	910	815	590	290	305
Permanent position	1,410	770	640	495	245	250
Temporary position	320	140	170	100	40	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	75	105	35	20	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	130	65	70	65	25	40
Self-employed¹⁹²	230	150	80	225	105	115
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,995	1,085	905	830	400	430
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	815	390	420
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	20	0	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	515	270	245	195	85	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	160	60	115	95	25
3 Health occupations	145	40	105	65	15	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	210	105	100	105	25	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	40	35	45	20	25
6 Sales and service occupations	540	220	320	185	70	110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	185	160	30	65	60	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,995	1,085	905	830	400	430
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All industries¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	815	390	420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	115	55	35	20	15
22 Utilities	30	20	15	35	20	15
23 Construction	135	110	20	45	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	50	20	30	20	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	75	40	35	35	25	15
44-45 Retail trade	140	60	85	70	30	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	35	35	20	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	145	85	55	40	25	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	25	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	255	115	185	95	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	55	35	25	10	15
61 Educational services	80	35	45	45	10	40
62 Health care and social assistance	195	45	155	90	15	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	0	30	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	210	95	110	30	0	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	20	45	45	30	10
91 Public administration	45	35	10	20	10	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,010	1,085	920	915	445	470
English	1,925	1,045	880	870	430	440
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	40	10	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,010	1,085	920	915	445	470
Single responses	2,010	1,085	920	915	445	470
Official languages	1,990	1,075	915	900	435	465
English	1,975	1,075	905	900	435	465
French	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	0	10	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,010	1,085	920	915	445	470
None	1,925	1,045	880	875	435	440
English	25	15	10	0	0	0
French	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	15	30	0	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	30	0	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,765	980	785	730	350	385
Worked at home	610	365	240	305	150	155
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	220	135	85	65	35	25
Usual place of work	930	475	460	350	155	195
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	930	470	460	350	155	195
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	825	400	415	325	145	175
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	15	15	15	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	35	10	15	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,150	605	540	415	190	225
Car, truck or van	635	365	270	360	170	185
Car, truck or van - as a driver	570	320	245	335	165	170
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	65	45	25	20	0	15
Public transit	135	45	95	20	10	10
Walked	305	145	160	10	0	10
Bicycle	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	60	45	15	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,150	605	540	415	190	225
Less than 15 minutes	400	225	175	100	40	60
15 to 29 minutes	480	250	235	245	115	125
30 to 44 minutes	165	80	85	50	30	25
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	80	45	35	10	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,150	605	540	415	190	225
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	45	15	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	215	140	80	45	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	250	135	115	80	40	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	270	140	125	95	50	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	85	125	105	35	70
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	140	65	85	55	15	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	110	60	50	180	90	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	20	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	165	85	80
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	40	40	135	70	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	35	120	60	55

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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