Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060606More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061385More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,485	...	...	1,092	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,073	...	...	454	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,670	...	...	442	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9,010.2	...	...	185.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.28	...	...	5.88	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,485	1,410	1,075	1,090	535	560
0 to 14 years	105	50	55	155	80	70
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	45	25	20
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	50	30	25
10 to 14 years	30	10	20	55	30	25
15 to 64 years	2,285	1,295	990	785	385	400
15 to 19 years	50	35	20	70	30	35
20 to 24 years	355	160	190	60	35	30
25 to 29 years	640	345	295	80	35	45
30 to 34 years	455	270	185	75	45	30
35 to 39 years	240	140	105	80	35	40
40 to 44 years	135	75	65	80	45	40
45 to 49 years	90	50	35	65	35	30
50 to 54 years	95	60	30	85	45	40
55 to 59 years	115	75	35	100	45	55
60 to 64 years	105	80	30	85	40	45
65 years and over	100	60	35	155	65	85
65 to 69 years	50	35	20	55	25	25
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	45	15	30
75 to 79 years	10	10	5	30	15	10
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	20	5	10
85 years and over	5	5	5	15	5	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	5	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.2	3.5	5.1	14.2	15.0	12.5
15 to 64 years	92.0	91.8	92.1	72.0	72.0	71.4
65 years and over	4.0	4.3	3.3	14.2	12.1	15.2
85 years and over	0.2	0.4	0.5	1.4	0.9	0.9
Average age of the population	34.7	36.1	33.0	41.2	40.1	42.3
Median age of the population	30.8	31.8	29.6	41.2	40.4	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,670	...	...	440	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	190	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,570	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,670	...	...	440	...	...
1 person	1,055	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	510	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,090	535	560
Average household size	1.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,380	1,360	1,020	940	450	485
Married or living common-law	885	460	430	510	260	255
Married	440	230	210	445	225	220
Living common-law	445	235	215	65	30	30
Living common law - Never married	410	210	195	40	25	20
Living common law - Separated	5	5	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	10	15	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,495	895	595	425	195	230
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,255	770	490	295	150	140
Not married and not living common law - Separated	75	35	35	25	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	145	85	60	70	25	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	35	5	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	470	...	...	300	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...	140	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	300	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...	250	...	...
Married couples	210	...	...	215	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	130	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	85	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	205	...	...	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,095	535	555
Total - Persons in census families	1,050	530	525	865	430	440
Married spouses or common-law partners	860	445	415	500	250	245
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	55	15	35
Children⁶	155	85	70	320	165	155
In a two-parent family	105	55	50	245	130	110
In a one-parent family	50	30	20	75	35	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,370	835	530	225	100	120
Living alone	1,060	665	400	125	60	65
Living with other relatives⁷	70	35	35	35	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	240	140	105	65	35	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,670	...	...	445	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	455	...	...	255	...	...
Couple-family households	420	...	...	215	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	130	...	...
Without children	340	...	...	90	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	1,060	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,335	1,325	1,010	935	455	485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	885	430	450
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,000	39,200	41,200	45,200	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	885	430	450
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,200	35,200	37,600	40,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,045	1,150	900	795	395	400
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,000	34,000	35,200	40,400	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,930	1,070	860	665	335	330
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,400	33,600	39,200	45,600	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,085	1,195	890	785	380	410
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	4,800	6,500	7,600	4,720	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	175	135	95	55	45
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,480	5,160	5,480	5,600	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	505	465	270	120	145
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	490	470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	880	455	425
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,850	71,400	51,900	48,600	53,800	43,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	880	455	425
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,250	57,200	43,600	40,400	43,200	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,065	1,130	930	765	405	360
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	72,400	48,200	45,800	52,000	38,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,920	1,020	900	635	330	305
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,000	70,200	46,200	49,200	57,200	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,115	1,190	925	795	420	375
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,990	8,000	7,960	9,880	8,520	11,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	175	125	140	80	60
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160	4,840	8,000	6,600	7,400	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	490	450	255	120	135
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,180	9,440	8,920	9,600	10,000	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	485	475
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	945	540	395	300	165	135
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	76,500	60,800	64,000	69,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,000	105,200	74,000	70,500	80,000	59,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	820	400	425	285	130	150
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	24,000	18,400	17,400	17,400	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,700	31,700	25,900	31,200	35,000	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	89.6	86.0	81.6	85.0	76.5
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	78.4	80.0	73.5	77.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	10.4	14.2	18.3	14.6	23.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	1.9	2.2	2.5	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.4	8.2	6.5	5.4	7.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	5.1	7.7	5.7	5.0	6.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,335	1,325	1,010	940	450	485
Without total income	55	30	25	50	25	30
With total income	2,285	1,295	990	885	430	455
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	75	70	85	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	195	95	100	100	50	55
$20,000 to $29,999	395	205	190	150	55	90
$30,000 to $39,999	355	190	160	100	55	45
$40,000 to $49,999	245	125	115	110	45	65
$50,000 to $59,999	210	110	100	80	40	35
$60,000 to $69,999	130	80	55	60	35	25
$70,000 to $79,999	125	80	45	40	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	100	60	40	40	15	20
$90,000 to $99,999	70	55	20	25	15	15
$100,000 and over	320	225	95	95	60	30
$100,000 to $149,999	195	125	75	60	35	25
$150,000 and over	130	105	25	35	25	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,335	1,325	1,010	940	450	485
Without after-tax income	55	30	25	50	25	30
With after-tax income	2,285	1,295	990	885	430	455
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	75	70	90	40	50
$10,000 to $19,999	205	95	105	105	50	60
$20,000 to $29,999	455	240	215	160	65	95
$30,000 to $39,999	400	215	180	120	65	55
$40,000 to $49,999	290	150	140	125	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	195	115	80	85	50	40
$60,000 to $69,999	165	110	60	60	30	30
$70,000 to $79,999	105	60	45	35	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	95	55	40	40	20	20
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	15	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	185	145	40	45	35	10
$100,000 to $124,999	75	60	20	25	15	5
$125,000 and over	105	90	20	25	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,335	1,325	1,010	940	450	485
Without employment income	400	250	145	275	120	155
With employment income	1,935	1,075	860	660	335	330
Under $5,000 (including loss)	155	75	80	80	35	45
$5,000 to $9,999	195	90	100	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	240	100	135	60	25	35
$20,000 to $29,999	190	110	85	65	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	195	105	90	65	30	30
$40,000 to $49,999	145	70	70	65	30	40
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65	60	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	125	70	55	45	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	115	80	40	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	85	50	35	35	15	20
$90,000 to $99,999	70	40	25	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	275	205	75	80	55	25
$100,000 to $124,999	115	70	45	40	25	15
$125,000 and over	165	135	35	45	30	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,335	1,325	1,010	935	455	485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	865	415	450
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,800	32,000	40,000	46,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	865	415	450
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	29,800	36,800	41,600	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,005	1,130	880	790	385	400
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	34,800	39,200	47,200	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,890	1,065	830	665	335	330
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	34,000	42,400	49,600	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,950	1,105	845	750	355	390
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	890	920	1,310	990	2,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	120	70	50	55	25	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,600	5,280	5,880	4,240	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	490	470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	850	430	415
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	70,000	49,200	51,700	59,400	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	850	430	415
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,680	54,500	40,900	43,500	48,800	37,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	1,110	890	765	395	370
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,800	74,800	50,100	51,400	60,200	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,905	1,040	870	650	335	315
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	70,400	47,500	54,200	64,400	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,885	1,060	825	760	385	380
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,332	3,980	2,496	6,030	4,980	7,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	105	60	40	80	50	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,800	6,200	6,800	6,600	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	485	475
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	940	545	395	285	160	125
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	56,400	62,000	72,500	56,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,000	99,600	72,000	73,500	83,000	61,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	770	385	385	255	115	140
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	25,000	23,800	29,000	36,000	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,000	37,400	28,500	44,800	54,000	36,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	95.2	95.6	89.6	93.0	85.0
Employment income (%)	85.2	83.6	88.4	80.4	84.0	75.0
Government transfers (%)	4.7	4.8	4.4	10.4	7.4	14.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.2	1.4	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,670	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	615	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,800	...	...	55,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	109,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	91,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,670	...	...	440	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	420	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	135	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...	45	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,670	...	...	440	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	285	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	500	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.4	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,300	800	495	190	90	100
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	44,000	39,600	41,200	37,600	43,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,400	36,400	38,800	34,800	41,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	560	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,500	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,400	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	355	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	141,500	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,160	690	475	200	125	75
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,700	62,500	53,200	45,200	41,000	52,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,400	52,300	45,000	38,800	35,500	44,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,090	535	560
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	195	100	95
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	55	30	25
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,255	970	740	365	375
65 years and over	95	55	35	155	65	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	265	155	145	80	65
0 to 17 years	10	10	0	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	375	235	135	85	45	40
65 years and over	40	25	15	20	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	19.6	14.6	13.2	15.0	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	12.0	x	20.0	24.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	20.0	25.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	18.8	14.2	11.4	12.4	10.8
65 years and over (%)	40.0	40.0	40.0	14.0	16.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,095	535	555
0 to 17 years	110	55	50	200	105	95
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	55	30	25
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,250	970	740	365	375
65 years and over	90	60	35	150	65	85
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	180	135	115	65	50
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	290	170	125	80	40	35
65 years and over	20	10	10	10	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	13.3	12.8	10.6	12.4	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	14.0	16.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	18.0	25.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	13.4	12.8	10.4	11.6	9.0
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.0	25.0	7.0	10.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,090	535	560
In bottom half of the distribution	1,395	775	620	570	275	295
In bottom decile	410	240	165	145	75	70
In second decile	305	170	140	85	40	45
In third decile	270	145	125	115	55	60
In fourth decile	190	95	95	100	45	55
In fifth decile	220	120	100	125	60	65
In top half of the distribution	1,025	595	435	520	255	260
In sixth decile	160	90	70	85	45	40
In seventh decile	210	120	90	120	60	60
In eighth decile	150	80	70	100	50	55
In ninth decile	235	135	100	115	50	60
In top decile	270	170	100	100	50	50
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,425	...	...	1,095	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.407	...	...	0.339	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.514	...	...	0.440	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.361	...	...	0.304	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,095	530	555
English only	2,180	1,235	950	990	490	500
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	230	135	95	75	30	40
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	30	10	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,095	530	555
English	2,345	1,320	1,025	1,045	515	530
French	50	30	20	10	5	5
English and French	15	10	5	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	30	10	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,095	530	555
Single responses	2,290	1,305	985	1,055	515	540
Official languages	1,640	960	680	760	385	375
English	1,595	935	660	750	380	370
French	45	25	20	10	5	5
Non-official languages	650	340	310	290	130	160
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	335	310	290	130	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	20	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	20	20	10	15
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	20	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	40	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	45	15	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	175	140	130	60	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	30	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	30	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	20	10	10	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	5	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	10	0	5
German	10	10	0	10	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	70	55	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	90	50	40	35	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	10	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	10	0	5
Dari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	10	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	70	65	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Spanish	90	45	45	40	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	5	5	0
Korean	35	20	15	15	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	55	20	30
Chinese languages	100	40	60	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	30	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	30	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	70	65	35	20	15
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	55	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,095	530	555
English	1,710	1,005	705	770	390	380
French	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	115	60	50	80	35	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	60	50	80	35	40
English and French	30	15	15	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	540	265	270	220	105	115
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,095	530	555
Single responses	2,345	1,330	1,010	1,025	505	520
Official languages	2,035	1,175	865	840	415	425
English	2,015	1,160	855	835	410	425
French	20	15	10	5	0	0
Non-official languages	310	160	145	185	90	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	160	145	185	90	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	15	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	25	40	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	20	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	65	80	40	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Russian	15	10	5	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	15	25	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	5	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	5	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	40	25	35	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	40	25	20	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	15	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	35	15	25
Chinese languages	40	15	25	35	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40	65	30	35
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	65	30	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,425	1,375	1,055	1,095	535	560
None	1,895	1,105	795	910	455	450
English	165	80	85	80	40	40
French	25	10	10	5	0	5
Non-official language	275	130	140	65	25	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	270	135	140	65	25	40
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	15	10	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,145	600	550
Official languages	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,085	575	510
English	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,085	575	510
French	235	110	125	65	35	25
Non-official languages	1,040	545	495	440	205	235
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,040	545	495	440	205	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	40	15	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	75	30	15	0	10
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	80	60	20	15	0	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	100	70	75	25	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	80	70	75	25	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	505	265	240	220	110	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	25	10	40	10	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	25	10	40	10	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	20	0	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	15	0	20	10	0
German	15	15	0	20	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	80	85	95	55	35
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	75	45	30
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	30	25	10
Hindi	105	45	60	45	30	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	140	140	70	30	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	235	120	110	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	15	10	0	10
Korean	35	25	10	50	25	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	80	75	35	35
Chinese languages	125	50	80	75	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	25	50	50	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	25	35	30	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	550
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	110	50	60	45	15	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	110	50	60	45	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	20	30	25	0	20
Métis	65	30	25	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,355	1,335	1,020	1,110	590	520
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	550
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	20	15	20	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,425	1,360	1,060	1,130	595	535
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Owner	300	...	...	305	...	...
Renter	1,295	...	...	140	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Condominium	875	...	...	255	...	...
Not condominium	725	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	940	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...	225	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	65	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,435	...	...	185	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	135	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.1	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,555	...	...	420	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Suitable	1,510	...	...	410	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
1960 or before	140	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	350	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	145	...	...	100	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	180	...	...
2001 to 2005	45	...	...	110	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	250	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	485	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,475	...	...	430	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,095	...	...	220	...	...
Two-maintainer household	495	...	...	185	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
15 to 24 years	215	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	720	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	245	...	...	90	...	...
45 to 54 years	165	...	...	110	...	...
55 to 64 years	160	...	...	80	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,585	...	...	435	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	945	...	...	305	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	635	...	...	135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	545	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,600	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	765	...	...	160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	580	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	55	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	835	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,495	...	...	410	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	55	...	...
Not in core need	1,245	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	305	...	...	300	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	85.2	...	...	58.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.3	...	...	30.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	9.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	1,430	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	364,000	...	...	420,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	396,000	...	...	356,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	145	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.6	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	22.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,368	...	...	1,520	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,150	595	550
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	15	20	0	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	10	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	0	10	20	0	20
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	130	50	80	30	15	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	130	50	80	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	35	45	15	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	20	40	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,305	1,325	980	1,100	585	520
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,150	600	550
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,955	1,125	830	950	505	445
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	60	40	210	110	100
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,855	1,065	785	740	390	350
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	505	260	245	200	100	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,150	600	550
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,530	900	630	730	395	335
Immigrants⁸¹	760	405	355	390	180	215
Before 1980	55	35	15	40	25	15
1980 to 1990	25	0	20	50	20	30
1991 to 2000	155	90	70	60	35	25
2001 to 2010	160	75	85	105	50	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	365	195	165	140	50	85
2011 to 2015	105	55	50	60	25	35
2016 to 2021	260	145	115	80	30	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	80	90	30	25	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	760	400	360	395	180	215
Under 5 years	65	40	25	35	25	10
5 to 14 years	160	90	75	30	25	10
15 to 24 years	140	85	55	45	15	25
25 to 44 years	345	165	175	205	80	125
45 years and over	45	20	25	70	30	40
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	760	400	360	395	180	215
Americas	125	60	60	45	20	30
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	95	65	25	80	40	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	10	0	0
Africa	70	35	35	35	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	25	15	10
Asia	465	235	225	235	105	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	30	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	25	15	10
Korea, South⁹²	20	20	0	40	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	75	65	70	30	45
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	140	75	65	25	10	10
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	260	145	115	80	25	55
Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	115	90	55	25	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	40	25	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	555
First generation¹⁰⁰	960	500	460	440	215	225
Second generation¹⁰¹	495	310	185	205	125	80
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,005	575	430	510	260	245
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	705	365	340	350	150	195
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	505	265	245	235	105	130
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	115	85	115	45	70
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	305	150	155	120	60	60
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	130	55	70	85	35	45
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	50	25	20	10	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	705	365	340	350	150	195
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	30	25	70	25	45
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	30	40	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	540	285	260	250	120	135
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	550
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,060	540	520	450	235	210
South Asian	180	95	85	75	45	30
Chinese	125	45	85	70	30	30
Black	130	60	75	55	35	20
Filipino	175	95	80	85	40	45
Arab	70	55	0	20	0	20
Latin American	185	95	85	50	25	25
Southeast Asian	45	20	25	30	15	15
West Asian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	45	25	20
Japanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	60	25	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,400	840	555	705	360	340
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	550
Canadian	155	90	70	85	50	40
English	325	210	115	240	115	125
Irish	265	160	110	135	75	65
Scottish	275	170	110	105	50	55
French, n.o.s.¹²²	135	70	70	110	55	55
German	275	175	100	95	65	25
Chinese	165	70	100	50	25	25
Italian	105	60	45	20	10	15
Indian (India)	145	65	80	50	30	20
Ukrainian	120	75	45	55	35	30
Dutch	75	50	30	50	30	15
Polish	90	75	20	25	15	10
Québécois	15	10	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	30	20	50	30	25
Filipino	180	100	85	95	45	50
French Canadian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	65	40	30	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	15	15	15	0	10
Métis	65	25	45	20	0	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	35	35	25	0	25
Russian	45	30	10	15	0	10
Norwegian	25	15	15	45	25	25
Welsh	30	0	25	25	20	0
Portuguese	40	25	15	0	0	0
American	35	25	10	15	10	10
Spanish	70	45	25	20	15	10
Swedish	10	10	0	25	20	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	10	0	0
Acadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	25	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	45	15	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	55	30	25
Romanian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	10	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Belgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	30	0	25	10	10	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	35	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	15	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	30	25	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,150	600	550
Buddhist	20	10	10	50	25	20
Christian	885	475	410	600	285	320
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	225	100	125	185	90	95
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	25	0	25	20	0
Baptist	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catholic	495	265	235	215	80	140
Christian Orthodox	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lutheran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	65	35	35	25	0	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	25	15	55	35	15
Hindu	80	45	40	25	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Muslim	155	100	50	85	50	35
Sikh	25	20	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,280	720	555	370	220	150
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,445	1,375	1,070	1,145	595	550
Non-movers	1,340	790	550	1,040	540	500
Movers	1,105	585	525	100	55	45
Non-migrants	755	400	360	85	45	35
Migrants	355	190	170	25	10	10
Internal migrants	325	175	155	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	150	95	55	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	95	0	0	0
External migrants	30	10	15	25	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,430	1,365	1,065	1,090	560	530
Non-movers	465	275	195	565	295	265
Movers	1,960	1,090	870	525	265	265
Non-migrants	1,025	560	465	315	145	170
Migrants	935	530	405	215	120	95
Internal migrants	635	365	275	135	70	70
Intraprovincial migrants	295	190	105	90	45	45
Interprovincial migrants	345	170	170	55	25	30
External migrants	300	165	130	70	50	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,345	1,315	1,035	960	485	475
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	110	40	140	75	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,200	1,205	990	815	410	405
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,825	1,025	800	625	305	320
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	50	15	55	35	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,760	975	785	565	275	290
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	485	470
No certificate, diploma or degree	140	100	35	105	55	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	530	335	195	290	150	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	880	800	565	285	280
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	275	265	260	140	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	65	25	50	35	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	15	25	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	40	10	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	350	150	200	175	90	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	60	40	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,140	605	535	305	145	160
Bachelor's degree	760	390	365	225	105	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	40	25	15	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	10	0	10
Master's degree	260	150	110	50	30	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	1,025	800	620	305	315
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	15	40	25	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	340	230	105	150	70	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	745	680	430	210	220
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	215	230	170	95	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	45	25	20	10	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	35	10	15	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	300	130	165	125	75	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	35	35	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	985	530	450	265	120	150
Bachelor's degree	625	335	290	190	80	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	40	30	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	10	0	10
Master's degree	235	135	100	45	25	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,350	1,315	1,035	955	485	470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	670	435	235	400	200	195
Education	50	20	30	35	10	30
13. Education	50	20	30	35	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	25	40	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	10	0	10
Humanities	30	20	15	30	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	80	115	55	0	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	10	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	50	40	10	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	45	15	30	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	70	15	55	25	0	25
Business, management and public administration	535	260	275	80	30	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510	255	255	80	30	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	35	25	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	15	15	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	75	35	45	30	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	75	35	35	20	20
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	335	260	75	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	165	130	35	60	45	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	45	20	55	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	10	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	20	20	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	190	60	130	75	20	55
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	165	40	120	65	20	50
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	35	40	30	10	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	20	35	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,825	1,025	805	625	305	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	400	280	125	190	95	95
Education	45	15	25	25	0	20
13. Education	45	15	25	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	0	0	0
Humanities	25	10	15	30	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	65	95	50	0	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	35	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	25	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	55	15	45	20	0	20
Business, management and public administration	460	215	245	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	210	225	45	10	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	25	25	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	25	45	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	60	25	35	25	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	275	215	60	115	105	15
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	140	115	20	45	35	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	40	20	40	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	175	60	115	55	10	45
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	145	35	115	45	10	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	25	25	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	20	25	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,825	1,025	805	625	305	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	400	280	125	190	95	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,425	745	680	435	210	220
Location of study inside Canada	1,045	580	465	265	130	135
Same as province or territory of residence	680	395	290	190	85	105
Different than province or territory of residence	360	190	175	75	45	30
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	165	215	165	80	85
Americas	120	50	70	25	10	10
United States of America	50	25	25	10	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20	40	20	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	15	20	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	15	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	190	70	125	95	45	50
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	10	0
Philippines	55	15	40	40	15	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	25	40	20	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	960	485	470
In the labour force	1,990	1,090	900	655	375	285
Employed	1,765	975	785	545	310	235
Unemployed	225	110	115	110	60	45
Not in the labour force	355	230	135	300	115	190
Participation rate	84.7	82.9	87.0	68.2	77.3	60.6
Employment rate	75.1	74.1	75.8	56.8	63.9	50.0
Unemployment rate	11.3	10.1	12.8	16.8	16.0	15.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	955	485	470
Did not work¹⁸⁶	470	290	180	350	170	180
Worked	1,880	1,025	855	610	315	295
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,010	590	420	315	180	135
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	865	430	435	295	140	160
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.2	39.6	41.4	41.8	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,995	1,085	905	655	370	280
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	40	30	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	620	345	275
Employee	1,725	910	815	540	295	245
Permanent position	1,410	770	640	460	255	210
Temporary position	320	140	170	80	40	35
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	75	105	25	0	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	130	65	70	55	35	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	230	150	80	80	55	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,995	1,085	905	655	370	280
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	40	30	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	620	345	275
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	20	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	515	270	245	135	65	70
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	160	60	65	55	10
3 Health occupations	145	40	105	50	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	210	105	100	55	25	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	40	35	25	10	15
6 Sales and service occupations	540	220	320	170	75	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	185	160	30	100	95	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,995	1,085	905	655	370	280
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	40	30	10
All industries¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	620	345	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	115	55	40	35	10
22 Utilities	30	20	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	135	110	20	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	50	20	30	30	25	0
41 Wholesale trade	75	40	35	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	140	60	85	100	30	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	35	35	35	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	40	20	15
52 Finance and insurance	145	85	55	25	15	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	15	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	255	115	60	35	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	55	35	15	15	0
61 Educational services	80	35	45	40	0	35
62 Health care and social assistance	195	45	155	75	20	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	0	30	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	210	95	110	30	20	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	20	45	35	30	0
91 Public administration	45	35	10	20	15	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,010	1,085	920	670	355	315
English	1,925	1,045	880	625	335	295
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,010	1,085	920	670	355	315
Single responses	2,010	1,085	920	670	355	315
Official languages	1,990	1,075	915	660	345	310
English	1,975	1,075	905	660	345	310
French	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,010	1,085	920	670	355	315
None	1,925	1,045	880	635	335	300
English	25	15	10	0	0	0
French	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	15	25	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,765	980	785	545	310	240
Worked at home	610	365	240	130	75	50
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	220	135	85	75	60	15
Usual place of work	930	475	460	340	170	170
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	930	470	460	340	170	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	825	400	415	325	155	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	15	15	15	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	35	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,150	605	540	420	235	190
Car, truck or van	635	365	270	315	185	130
Car, truck or van - as a driver	570	320	245	295	175	120
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	65	45	25	25	10	15
Public transit	135	45	95	45	20	25
Walked	305	145	160	30	15	20
Bicycle	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	60	45	15	25	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,150	605	540	420	235	190
Less than 15 minutes	400	225	175	90	40	50
15 to 29 minutes	480	250	235	195	115	80
30 to 44 minutes	165	80	85	90	50	45
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	25	20	0
60 minutes and over	80	45	35	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,150	605	540	420	235	190
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	45	15	35	35	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	215	140	80	95	45	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	250	135	115	110	75	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	270	140	125	55	25	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	85	125	45	15	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	140	65	85	80	45	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	110	60	50	200	100	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	20	15	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	180	90	85
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	40	40	150	75	80
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	35	135	65	70

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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