Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060606More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060607More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,485	...	...	1,863	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,073	...	...	1,379	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9,010.2	...	...	13,203.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.28	...	...	0.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,485	1,410	1,075	1,865	1,065	800
0 to 14 years	105	50	55	55	25	25
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	15	10	0
10 to 14 years	30	10	20	15	0	10
15 to 64 years	2,285	1,295	990	1,605	940	665
15 to 19 years	50	35	20	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	355	160	190	150	65	80
25 to 29 years	640	345	295	405	240	165
30 to 34 years	455	270	185	435	255	180
35 to 39 years	240	140	105	245	160	80
40 to 44 years	135	75	65	120	80	40
45 to 49 years	90	50	35	75	40	35
50 to 54 years	95	60	30	65	45	20
55 to 59 years	115	75	35	50	30	20
60 to 64 years	105	80	30	50	20	35
65 years and over	100	60	35	205	95	110
65 to 69 years	50	35	20	60	30	30
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	40	20	15
75 to 79 years	10	10	5	40	20	20
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	40	15	25
85 years and over	5	5	5	25	10	15
85 to 89 years	0	0	5	15	10	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.2	3.5	5.1	2.9	2.3	3.1
15 to 64 years	92.0	91.8	92.1	86.1	88.3	83.1
65 years and over	4.0	4.3	3.3	11.0	8.9	13.8
85 years and over	0.2	0.4	0.5	1.3	0.9	1.9
Average age of the population	34.7	36.1	33.0	38.5	37.7	39.6
Median age of the population	30.8	31.8	29.6	33.2	33.6	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,570	...	...	1,130	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
1 person	1,055	...	...	725	...	...
2 persons	510	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
Average household size	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,380	1,360	1,020	1,810	1,035	770
Married or living common-law	885	460	430	700	360	335
Married	440	230	210	405	205	200
Living common-law	445	235	215	295	160	135
Living common law - Never married	410	210	195	280	145	130
Living common law - Separated	5	5	5	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	10	15	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,495	895	595	1,115	675	440
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,255	770	490	860	555	305
Not married and not living common law - Separated	75	35	35	50	30	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	145	85	60	135	75	60
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	65	10	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	470	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	350	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...	335	...	...
Married couples	210	...	...	185	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	145	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...	145	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	205	...	...	140	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
Total - Persons in census families	1,050	530	525	775	395	380
Married spouses or common-law partners	860	445	415	665	350	320
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	20	5	15
Children⁶	155	85	70	90	45	45
In a two-parent family	105	55	50	75	40	35
In a one-parent family	50	30	20	20	10	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,370	835	530	1,035	630	405
Living alone	1,060	665	400	725	435	295
Living with other relatives⁷	70	35	35	40	25	20
Living with non-relatives only	240	140	105	265	170	95
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	455	...	...	335	...	...
Couple-family households	420	...	...	320	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	340	...	...	275	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...	145	...	...
One-person households	1,060	...	...	725	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,755	995	760
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	1,710	980	730
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,000	39,200	57,600	66,000	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,280	1,295	985	1,715	975	735
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,200	35,200	48,800	55,200	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,045	1,150	900	1,570	920	655
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,000	34,000	59,200	66,500	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,930	1,070	860	1,450	865	585
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,400	33,600	60,400	67,000	52,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,085	1,195	890	1,495	860	635
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	4,800	6,500	1,640	1,230	5,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	175	135	160	95	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,480	5,160	4,880	5,480	3,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	970	505	465	480	250	225
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,000	9,000	8,500	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,850	1,100	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	1,795	1,060	735
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,850	71,400	51,900	68,900	77,800	56,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,285	1,005	1,795	1,060	740
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,250	57,200	43,600	56,700	62,900	47,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,065	1,130	930	1,655	1,000	655
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,550	72,400	48,200	67,800	76,200	55,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,920	1,020	900	1,555	945	610
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,000	70,200	46,200	66,900	75,400	53,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,115	1,190	925	1,555	915	645
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,990	8,000	7,960	7,410	6,720	8,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	175	125	160	85	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160	4,840	8,000	5,800	6,100	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	945	490	450	495	280	210
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,180	9,440	8,920	9,520	10,100	8,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,850	1,100	755
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	945	540	395	880	565	320
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	76,500	60,800	79,000	85,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,000	105,200	74,000	87,800	95,200	74,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	820	400	425	545	330	210
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	24,000	18,400	18,800	27,000	12,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,700	31,700	25,900	37,000	46,200	22,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	89.6	86.0	90.6	92.4	86.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	78.4	80.0	84.2	86.8	79.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	10.4	14.2	9.3	7.4	13.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	1.9	0.7	0.6	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.4	8.2	4.2	3.8	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	5.1	7.7	3.8	3.5	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,760	1,000	765
Without total income	55	30	25	50	20	25
With total income	2,285	1,295	990	1,710	975	735
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	75	70	65	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	195	95	100	95	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	395	205	190	285	115	170
$30,000 to $39,999	355	190	160	190	105	85
$40,000 to $49,999	245	125	115	135	80	50
$50,000 to $59,999	210	110	100	125	70	55
$60,000 to $69,999	130	80	55	160	95	65
$70,000 to $79,999	125	80	45	130	65	60
$80,000 to $89,999	100	60	40	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	70	55	20	80	55	25
$100,000 and over	320	225	95	355	265	90
$100,000 to $149,999	195	125	75	215	140	75
$150,000 and over	130	105	25	140	120	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,760	1,000	765
Without after-tax income	55	30	25	45	15	25
With after-tax income	2,285	1,295	990	1,715	980	735
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	75	70	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	205	95	105	95	35	65
$20,000 to $29,999	455	240	215	320	135	185
$30,000 to $39,999	400	215	180	205	125	80
$40,000 to $49,999	290	150	140	185	105	80
$50,000 to $59,999	195	115	80	200	115	80
$60,000 to $69,999	165	110	60	155	85	75
$70,000 to $79,999	105	60	45	115	85	35
$80,000 to $89,999	95	55	40	100	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	15	70	40	25
$100,000 and over	185	145	40	205	160	45
$100,000 to $124,999	75	60	20	105	75	35
$125,000 and over	105	90	20	95	85	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,760	1,000	765
Without employment income	400	250	145	305	135	170
With employment income	1,935	1,075	860	1,455	860	590
Under $5,000 (including loss)	155	75	80	75	35	35
$5,000 to $9,999	195	90	100	75	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	240	100	135	135	55	80
$20,000 to $29,999	190	110	85	105	60	45
$30,000 to $39,999	195	105	90	120	75	40
$40,000 to $49,999	145	70	70	80	50	30
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65	125	65	60
$60,000 to $69,999	125	70	55	140	75	60
$70,000 to $79,999	115	80	40	120	60	60
$80,000 to $89,999	85	50	35	85	60	25
$90,000 to $99,999	70	40	25	70	50	25
$100,000 and over	275	205	75	320	240	85
$100,000 to $124,999	115	70	45	135	85	45
$125,000 and over	165	135	35	185	150	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,335	1,325	1,010	1,755	995	760
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	1,680	960	720
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,800	32,000	48,800	57,200	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,220	1,265	960	1,680	960	720
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	29,800	42,800	50,000	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,005	1,130	880	1,540	895	640
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	34,800	53,200	60,800	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,890	1,065	830	1,415	835	580
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	34,000	55,200	61,600	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,950	1,105	845	1,475	855	620
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	890	920	820	735	890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	120	70	50	75	45	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,600	5,280	4,640	4,400	5,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,850	1,100	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	1,780	1,055	720
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	70,000	49,200	61,950	70,200	49,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,195	1,245	950	1,780	1,055	720
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,680	54,500	40,900	50,720	56,400	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	1,110	890	1,635	985	650
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,800	74,800	50,100	64,100	72,800	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,905	1,040	870	1,500	915	585
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,000	70,400	47,500	65,800	75,000	51,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,885	1,060	825	1,575	925	645
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,332	3,980	2,496	3,480	2,695	4,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	105	60	40	40	20	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,800	6,200	7,200	8,500	6,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,850	1,100	755
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	940	545	395	880	560	320
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	56,400	71,500	77,500	65,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,000	99,600	72,000	80,400	87,600	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	770	385	385	485	310	180
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	25,000	23,800	30,800	36,400	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,000	37,400	28,500	46,200	56,800	28,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	95.2	95.6	95.0	96.8	91.6
Employment income (%)	85.2	83.6	88.4	89.6	92.4	84.0
Government transfers (%)	4.7	4.8	4.4	5.0	3.4	8.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	725	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	615	...	...	490	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,600	...	...	1,270	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	730	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,800	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	56,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	545	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	111,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	90	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	420	...	...	475	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	135	...	...	145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...	145	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,670	...	...	1,220	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	285	...	...	335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	120	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	500	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.4	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,300	800	495	995	605	390
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	44,000	39,600	56,400	63,600	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,400	36,400	48,400	54,400	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	560	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,500	...	...	143,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,400	...	...	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	355	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	141,500	...	...	145,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,160	690	475	1,075	705	370
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,700	62,500	53,200	64,400	69,200	55,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,400	52,300	45,000	53,600	56,900	47,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	790
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	60	35	25
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,255	970	1,550	895	650
65 years and over	95	55	35	205	95	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	265	155	230	110	120
0 to 17 years	10	10	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	375	235	135	110	60	50
65 years and over	40	25	15	115	45	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	19.6	14.6	12.8	10.4	15.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	12.0	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	18.8	14.2	7.3	6.8	8.0
65 years and over (%)	40.0	40.0	40.0	57.0	48.0	66.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
0 to 17 years	110	55	50	60	35	30
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	2,220	1,250	970	1,545	895	650
65 years and over	90	60	35	200	95	105
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	180	135	125	60	60
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	290	170	125	100	55	50
65 years and over	20	10	10	20	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	13.3	12.8	6.7	6.0	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	8.0	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	13.4	12.8	6.5	5.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.0	25.0	9.0	10.0	8.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,425	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
In bottom half of the distribution	1,395	775	620	810	420	390
In bottom decile	410	240	165	190	85	105
In second decile	305	170	140	250	130	120
In third decile	270	145	125	130	65	60
In fourth decile	190	95	95	135	75	60
In fifth decile	220	120	100	110	65	45
In top half of the distribution	1,025	595	435	1,000	600	395
In sixth decile	160	90	70	135	80	50
In seventh decile	210	120	90	125	65	60
In eighth decile	150	80	70	175	115	60
In ninth decile	235	135	100	205	115	90
In top decile	270	170	100	355	225	135
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,425	...	...	1,810	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.407	...	...	0.362	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.514	...	...	0.440	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.361	...	...	0.325	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
English only	2,180	1,235	950	1,590	910	680
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	230	135	95	170	95	75
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	55	20	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
English	2,345	1,320	1,025	1,710	980	730
French	50	30	20	45	30	20
English and French	15	10	5	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	50	20	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
Single responses	2,290	1,305	985	1,725	975	750
Official languages	1,640	960	680	1,120	680	440
English	1,595	935	660	1,070	655	420
French	45	25	20	45	30	20
Non-official languages	650	340	310	610	295	310
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	335	310	610	295	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	20	35	10	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	20	30	10	15
Amharic	10	5	0	5	0	5
Arabic	40	25	15	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	40	35	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	30	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	175	140	320	175	145
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	70	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	10	40	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	10	10	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	5	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	10	5	5
German	10	10	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	70	55	110	60	50
Indo-Aryan languages	90	50	40	75	35	35
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	15	10	10
Hindi	45	20	25	25	15	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	15	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	40	25	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	40	25	15
Dari	5	5	0	5	5	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	30	20	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	70	65	115	60	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	20	15	10
Romanian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Spanish	90	45	45	85	50	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	80	35	45
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	5	0	5	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	105	45	60
Chinese languages	100	40	60	105	45	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	30	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	70	65	85	45	35
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	55	70	45	30
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
English	1,710	1,005	705	1,180	720	455
French	15	10	5	10	5	5
Non-official language	115	60	50	195	85	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	60	50	195	85	110
English and French	30	15	15	25	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	540	265	270	375	185	185
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	20	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,430	1,370	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
Single responses	2,345	1,330	1,010	1,760	1,000	760
Official languages	2,035	1,175	865	1,430	855	575
English	2,015	1,160	855	1,415	845	570
French	20	15	10	15	10	5
Non-official languages	310	160	145	325	145	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	160	145	325	145	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	5	0	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	65	150	75	80
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	15	10	5	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	55	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	15	35	10	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	10	0	5
Hindi	20	10	10	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	20	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	20	15	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	20	15	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	40	25	60	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	40	25	20	40	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	65	25	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	75	30	45
Chinese languages	40	15	25	75	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40	50	30	25
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	50	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,425	1,375	1,055	1,810	1,025	785
None	1,895	1,105	795	1,420	830	590
English	165	80	85	115	55	60
French	25	10	10	15	10	10
Non-official language	275	130	140	210	110	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	270	135	140	210	110	100
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	15	20	15	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	800
Official languages	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,870	1,105	765
English	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,870	1,105	765
French	235	110	125	170	125	45
Non-official languages	1,040	545	495	785	405	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,040	545	495	780	395	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	40	60	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	15	15	0	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	0	15	15	0	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	75	30	45	25	15
Amharic	20	10	10	25	10	10
Arabic	80	60	20	20	20	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	100	70	20	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	80	70	20	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	505	265	240	415	230	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	25	10	80	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	25	10	80	35	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian	15	10	10	35	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	15	0	15	10	10
German	15	15	0	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	80	85	130	70	60
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	115	60	55
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	105	45	60	75	30	40
Kacchi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	25	25	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	15	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	15	15	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	140	140	205	120	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	15	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	235	120	110	185	105	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	15	15	0	15
Korean	35	25	10	70	30	40
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	20	40	30	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	10	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	80	155	70	85
Chinese languages	125	50	80	155	70	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	25	50	80	40	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	25	35	90	45	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	800
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	110	50	60	25	25	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	110	50	60	25	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	20	30	10	10	0
Métis	65	30	25	10	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,355	1,335	1,020	1,890	1,090	800
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	800
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	20	15	20	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,425	1,360	1,060	1,895	1,095	800
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
Owner	300	...	...	360	...	...
Renter	1,295	...	...	915	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
Condominium	875	...	...	1,095	...	...
Not condominium	725	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	940	...	...	540	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...	715	...	...
3 bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,435	...	...	1,065	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	125	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	55	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.1	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,555	...	...	1,250	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
Suitable	1,510	...	...	1,225	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
1960 or before	140	...	...	50	...	...
1961 to 1980	350	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	145	...	...	135	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	45	...	...	100	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	480	...	...
2011 to 2015	250	...	...	310	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	485	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,475	...	...	1,225	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,095	...	...	850	...	...
Two-maintainer household	495	...	...	415	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
15 to 24 years	215	...	...	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	720	...	...	620	...	...
35 to 44 years	245	...	...	255	...	...
45 to 54 years	165	...	...	85	...	...
55 to 64 years	160	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	75	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,585	...	...	1,250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	945	...	...	895	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	635	...	...	360	...	...
30% to less than 100%	545	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,600	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	765	...	...	425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	580	...	...	335	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	55	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	835	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,495	...	...	1,220	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	165	...	...
Not in core need	1,245	...	...	1,055	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	305	...	...	360	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	85.2	...	...	73.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.3	...	...	22.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,160	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	1,730	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	364,000	...	...	310,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	396,000	...	...	319,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	910	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.1	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.6	...	...	32.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	17.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,368	...	...	1,444	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,910	1,115	795
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	15	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	130	50	80	40	40	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	130	50	80	35	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	35	45	15	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	20	40	20	20	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,305	1,325	980	1,865	1,070	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,910	1,115	795
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,955	1,125	830	1,580	920	660
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	60	40	65	20	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,855	1,065	785	1,515	900	620
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	505	260	245	330	190	135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,460	1,385	1,080	1,910	1,115	795
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,530	900	630	1,160	710	460
Immigrants⁸¹	760	405	355	625	335	290
Before 1980	55	35	15	40	20	20
1980 to 1990	25	0	20	45	20	25
1991 to 2000	155	90	70	140	80	55
2001 to 2010	160	75	85	150	85	70
2011 to 2021⁸²	365	195	165	250	135	110
2011 to 2015	105	55	50	70	30	40
2016 to 2021	260	145	115	175	105	70
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	80	90	125	75	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	760	400	360	620	335	285
Under 5 years	65	40	25	40	25	15
5 to 14 years	160	90	75	125	85	45
15 to 24 years	140	85	55	105	45	60
25 to 44 years	345	165	175	275	150	125
45 years and over	45	20	25	80	30	50
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	760	400	360	620	335	285
Americas	125	60	60	85	45	35
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	25	15	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	15	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	30	10	20
Europe	95	65	25	150	95	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	35	20	20
Africa	70	35	35	120	65	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	50	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	40	20	15
Asia	465	235	225	260	120	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	30	15	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	50	25	25
Korea, South⁹²	20	20	0	45	20	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	75	65	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	140	75	65	45	20	20
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	50	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	260	145	115	175	105	70
Americas	20	10	10	25	15	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	30	25	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	20	20	0
Africa	15	10	0	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	25	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	115	90	75	35	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	55	50	35	20	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	40	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	800
First generation¹⁰⁰	960	500	460	765	425	340
Second generation¹⁰¹	495	310	185	355	165	190
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,005	575	430	790	525	265
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	705	365	340	580	315	265
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	505	265	245	395	230	165
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	115	85	165	105	60
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	305	150	155	230	125	100
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	130	55	70	130	50	80
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	50	25	45	25	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	705	365	340	580	315	265
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	40	15	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	30	25	95	55	35
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	20	20	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	30	40	75	50	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	540	285	260	350	185	170
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	800
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,060	540	520	795	400	390
South Asian	180	95	85	175	90	80
Chinese	125	45	85	180	95	85
Black	130	60	75	120	50	70
Filipino	175	95	80	30	10	25
Arab	70	55	0	10	10	0
Latin American	185	95	85	140	90	50
Southeast Asian	45	20	25	10	0	10
West Asian	35	15	20	15	10	10
Korean	30	20	10	70	30	40
Japanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	60	25	25	30	10	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,400	840	555	1,120	715	405
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,460	1,385	1,075	1,915	1,115	795
Canadian	155	90	70	120	70	45
English	325	210	115	270	175	95
Irish	265	160	110	260	170	90
Scottish	275	170	110	250	165	85
French, n.o.s.¹²²	135	70	70	125	75	50
German	275	175	100	240	175	60
Chinese	165	70	100	200	100	100
Italian	105	60	45	50	35	20
Indian (India)	145	65	80	160	90	70
Ukrainian	120	75	45	85	55	30
Dutch	75	50	30	55	35	20
Polish	90	75	20	70	30	40
Québécois	15	10	0	10	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	30	20	85	65	25
Filipino	180	100	85	30	10	20
French Canadian	40	30	10	30	15	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	65	40	30	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	15	15	15	15	0
Métis	65	25	45	30	30	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	35	35	55	30	25
Russian	45	30	10	50	25	25
Norwegian	25	15	15	40	35	0
Welsh	30	0	25	35	25	15
Portuguese	40	25	15	15	0	10
American	35	25	10	0	0	0
Spanish	70	45	25	35	15	20
Swedish	10	10	0	15	15	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	15	15	0
Acadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	10	10	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	20	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	35	10	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	45	15	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	60	25	35
Romanian	15	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	10	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	0	20	10	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	30	0	25	10	10	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	35	25	10	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	40	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	25	10	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	55	45	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	10	10	0	20	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	45	20	35
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	15	15	0	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	15
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	25	0	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,465	1,385	1,075	1,910	1,115	800
Buddhist	20	10	10	25	10	20
Christian	885	475	410	635	350	290
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	225	100	125	200	90	115
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	25	0	35	25	10
Baptist	10	0	10	20	10	10
Catholic	495	265	235	280	175	105
Christian Orthodox	20	20	0	35	15	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	15	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	65	35	35	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	25	15	20	15	0
Hindu	80	45	40	30	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0	20	10	0
Muslim	155	100	50	70	35	35
Sikh	25	20	0	20	20	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0	20	0	20
No religion and secular perspectives	1,280	720	555	1,095	675	420
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,445	1,375	1,070	1,905	1,115	790
Non-movers	1,340	790	550	1,230	700	535
Movers	1,105	585	525	670	420	250
Non-migrants	755	400	360	490	310	180
Migrants	355	190	170	180	115	70
Internal migrants	325	175	155	90	60	35
Intraprovincial migrants	150	95	55	35	25	15
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	95	55	40	20
External migrants	30	10	15	95	50	40
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,430	1,365	1,065	1,880	1,110	775
Non-movers	465	275	195	450	250	205
Movers	1,960	1,090	870	1,430	860	565
Non-migrants	1,025	560	465	740	460	285
Migrants	935	530	405	685	400	285
Internal migrants	635	365	275	500	300	200
Intraprovincial migrants	295	190	105	215	120	100
Interprovincial migrants	345	170	170	285	180	105
External migrants	300	165	130	190	100	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,345	1,315	1,035	1,850	1,100	755
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	110	40	95	70	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,200	1,205	990	1,755	1,035	725
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,825	1,025	800	1,505	935	575
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	50	15	50	45	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,760	975	785	1,460	890	570
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,855	1,100	750
No certificate, diploma or degree	140	100	35	75	55	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	530	335	195	310	175	130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	880	800	1,470	870	595
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	275	265	365	215	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	65	25	60	50	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	15	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	55	40	10	45	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	350	150	200	240	135	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	60	40	65	30	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,140	605	535	1,100	655	445
Bachelor's degree	760	390	365	790	465	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	40	25	60	50	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	25	10	20
Master's degree	260	150	110	205	120	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	20	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	1,025	800	1,510	935	575
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	15	30	30	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	340	230	105	180	120	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	745	680	1,295	780	515
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	215	230	295	180	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	45	25	45	40	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	45	35	10	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	300	130	165	190	115	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	35	35	60	25	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	985	530	450	1,000	605	400
Bachelor's degree	625	335	290	720	430	290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	40	30	45	40	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	20	10	10
Master's degree	235	135	100	195	115	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,855	1,095	755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	670	435	235	380	225	155
Education	50	20	30	80	30	50
13. Education	50	20	30	80	30	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	25	40	65	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	50	20	30
Humanities	30	20	15	50	15	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	80	115	250	125	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	10	15	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	50	40	10	60	45	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	15	0	0
42. Psychology	45	15	30	50	15	40
45. Social sciences	70	15	55	85	50	35
Business, management and public administration	535	260	275	375	210	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510	255	255	360	210	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	35	55	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	15	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	20	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	75	35	70	55	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	75	35	70	55	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	335	260	75	300	265	35
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	15	10	0
14. Engineering	165	130	35	210	180	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	45	20	40	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	10	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	30	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	20	10
Health and related fields	190	60	130	145	60	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	35	25	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	165	40	120	110	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	35	40	45	35	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	20	35	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,825	1,025	805	1,510	930	580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	400	280	125	210	150	60
Education	45	15	25	55	20	35
13. Education	45	15	25	55	20	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	45	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	35	15	20
Humanities	25	10	15	50	10	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	65	95	205	110	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	10	10	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	40	35	10	50	40	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	25	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	55	15	45	80	45	35
Business, management and public administration	460	215	245	360	205	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	210	225	350	205	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	25	55	30	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	20	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	25	75	55	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	60	25	75	55	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	275	215	60	260	230	25
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	15	10	0
14. Engineering	140	115	20	185	160	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	40	20	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	30	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	20	0
Health and related fields	175	60	115	130	60	65
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	30	25	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	145	35	115	90	30	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	35	25	35	30	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	20	25	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,825	1,025	805	1,510	930	580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	400	280	125	210	150	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,425	745	680	1,295	785	510
Location of study inside Canada	1,045	580	465	1,010	630	385
Same as province or territory of residence	680	395	290	555	360	195
Different than province or territory of residence	360	190	175	455	270	190
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	165	215	280	150	130
Americas	120	50	70	95	60	40
United States of America	50	25	25	40	35	0
Mexico	20	10	10	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	15	15	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20	85	60	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	15	30	20	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	15	0	20	10	10
Africa	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	190	70	125	90	30	60
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	0	15
Philippines	55	15	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	25	40	50	25	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,855	1,100	750
In the labour force	1,990	1,090	900	1,505	945	565
Employed	1,765	975	785	1,375	855	520
Unemployed	225	110	115	140	95	45
Not in the labour force	355	230	135	345	155	190
Participation rate	84.7	82.9	87.0	81.1	85.9	75.3
Employment rate	75.1	74.1	75.8	74.1	77.7	69.3
Unemployment rate	11.3	10.1	12.8	9.3	10.1	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,350	1,315	1,035	1,855	1,095	750
Did not work¹⁸⁶	470	290	180	380	170	205
Worked	1,880	1,025	855	1,475	925	545
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,010	590	420	920	590	330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	865	430	435	555	340	215
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.2	39.6	41.7	42.1	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,995	1,085	905	1,510	945	560
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	1,485	935	550
Employee	1,725	910	815	1,285	795	485
Permanent position	1,410	770	640	1,115	685	435
Temporary position	320	140	170	165	110	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	185	75	105	100	70	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	130	65	70	65	45	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	230	150	80	200	135	70
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,995	1,085	905	1,510	945	560
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	1,485	935	550
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	20	0	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	515	270	245	300	165	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	160	60	320	245	70
3 Health occupations	145	40	105	115	35	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	210	105	100	220	125	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	40	35	60	45	10
6 Sales and service occupations	540	220	320	300	150	150
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	185	160	30	120	110	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	25	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	0	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,995	1,085	905	1,510	945	560
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	30	10	20	10	15
All industries¹⁹¹	1,960	1,060	895	1,485	935	550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	115	55	105	75	30
22 Utilities	30	20	15	15	0	15
23 Construction	135	110	20	85	70	15
31-33 Manufacturing	50	20	30	45	35	0
41 Wholesale trade	75	40	35	50	35	15
44-45 Retail trade	140	60	85	85	40	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	35	35	55	55	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	25	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	145	85	55	110	80	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	255	115	355	255	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	55	35	55	45	10
61 Educational services	80	35	45	80	40	40
62 Health care and social assistance	195	45	155	150	50	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	0	30	25	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	210	95	110	105	60	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	20	45	35	0	30
91 Public administration	45	35	10	70	45	25
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,010	1,085	920	1,560	980	580
English	1,925	1,045	880	1,455	930	530
French	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	20	0	10
English and French	30	10	20	35	30	10
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	45	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,010	1,085	920	1,560	980	580
Single responses	2,010	1,085	920	1,550	980	575
Official languages	1,990	1,075	915	1,515	970	550
English	1,975	1,075	905	1,505	965	545
French	15	0	10	10	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	0	35	10	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	35	10	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,010	1,085	920	1,560	980	580
None	1,925	1,045	880	1,490	930	555
English	25	15	10	20	15	10
French	15	0	10	30	25	10
Non-official language	35	15	15	15	15	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,765	980	785	1,370	850	520
Worked at home	610	365	240	645	420	225
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	220	135	85	130	100	30
Usual place of work	930	475	460	595	335	260
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	930	470	460	595	335	260
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	825	400	415	555	310	250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	15	15	25	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	35	10	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,150	605	540	725	435	295
Car, truck or van	635	365	270	435	275	160
Car, truck or van - as a driver	570	320	245	410	250	155
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	65	45	25	25	20	0
Public transit	135	45	95	50	30	15
Walked	305	145	160	200	100	100
Bicycle	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	60	45	15	45	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,150	605	540	725	435	295
Less than 15 minutes	400	225	175	235	120	110
15 to 29 minutes	480	250	235	355	225	130
30 to 44 minutes	165	80	85	100	60	40
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	10	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	80	45	35	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,150	605	540	725	435	295
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	45	15	40	35	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	215	140	80	90	60	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	250	135	115	165	90	80
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	270	140	125	215	135	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	85	125	145	75	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	140	65	85	75	45	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	110	60	50	65	30	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	55	30	25
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	40	40	35	20	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	35	30	15	10

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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