Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060595More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060959More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061877More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,223	...	...	461	...	...	2,216	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	938	...	...	148	...	...	701	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	816	...	...	137	...	...	689	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18,990.7	...	...	4,252.8	...	...	3,817.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	0.11	...	...	0.58	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,220	635	585	460	240	225	2,215	1,085	1,135
0 to 14 years	60	25	35	85	40	50	615	290	325
0 to 4 years	40	25	20	30	15	15	190	95	100
5 to 9 years	15	0	10	30	15	20	210	85	125
10 to 14 years	5	0	0	25	10	15	215	110	105
15 to 64 years	1,065	565	500	290	155	135	1,445	720	725
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	30	15	20	170	100	70
20 to 24 years	85	35	55	30	15	15	75	35	35
25 to 29 years	225	110	120	40	25	15	60	25	35
30 to 34 years	260	140	120	30	15	20	105	45	60
35 to 39 years	175	100	70	25	15	15	215	105	110
40 to 44 years	90	60	30	30	20	15	230	100	125
45 to 49 years	55	30	30	25	15	5	240	125	115
50 to 54 years	55	25	30	20	10	15	165	85	80
55 to 59 years	55	30	25	35	20	15	120	60	60
60 to 64 years	50	25	25	25	15	10	65	35	35
65 years and over	100	45	50	85	40	45	155	70	80
65 to 69 years	50	25	20	20	10	15	55	25	30
70 to 74 years	30	15	20	30	20	15	35	15	15
75 to 79 years	10	5	10	20	10	10	25	10	20
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	10	5	10	25	15	15
85 years and over	5	0	5	5	5	5	20	10	10
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.9	3.9	6.0	18.5	16.7	22.2	27.8	26.7	28.6
15 to 64 years	87.3	89.0	85.5	63.0	64.6	60.0	65.2	66.4	63.9
65 years and over	8.2	7.1	8.5	18.5	16.7	20.0	7.0	6.5	7.0
85 years and over	0.4	0.0	0.9	1.1	2.1	2.2	0.9	0.9	0.9
Average age of the population	37.7	38.1	37.3	39.2	39.6	38.8	33.9	33.9	33.9
Median age of the population	34.0	34.8	33.2	37.6	38.0	36.0	37.2	37.6	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	815	...	...	135	...	...	690	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	120	...	...	595	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	765	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	820	...	...	140	...	...	685	...	...
1 person	490	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	265	...	...	40	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	25	...	...	145	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	25	...	...	220	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	30	...	...	95	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,220	640	585	455	235	225	2,220	1,085	1,135
Average household size	1.5	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,165	610	555	375	195	175	1,600	790	805
Married or living common-law	515	265	255	215	110	105	1,180	590	595
Married	275	145	135	185	100	90	1,095	545	550
Living common-law	240	120	115	25	10	10	85	45	45
Living common law - Never married	225	110	110	20	15	10	60	30	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	5	5	5	20	10	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Not married and not living common-law	645	345	305	155	85	75	420	205	215
Not married and not living common law - Never married	520	285	235	120	80	45	330	180	150
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	10	15	5	5	5	5	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	40	35	15	0	15	50	15	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	20	15	5	15	30	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	270	...	...	120	...	...	635	...	...
2 persons	220	...	...	60	...	...	180	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	145	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	25	...	...	240	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	2.1	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	275	...	...	120	...	...	630	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...	105	...	...	585	...	...
Married couples	135	...	...	90	...	...	535	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	55	...	...	415	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	35	...	...	120	...	...
Common-law couples	120	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
With children⁶	0	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	120	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,225	640	590	455	235	225	2,220	1,085	1,130
Total - Persons in census families	615	305	310	390	195	195	2,110	1,045	1,070
Married spouses or common-law partners	505	260	250	210	100	105	1,165	580	585
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	10	15	0	15	50	15	35
Children⁶	85	40	45	160	85	80	895	445	450
In a two-parent family	70	30	35	130	75	60	825	410	410
In a one-parent family	20	10	10	35	10	20	70	35	35
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	615	330	275	70	45	30	105	40	65
Living alone	495	260	230	20	10	5	70	30	45
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	10	20	10	10	30	5	20
Living with non-relatives only	100	60	40	30	20	10	10	0	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	815	...	...	135	...	...	690	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	260	...	...	80	...	...	575	...	...
Couple-family households	240	...	...	70	...	...	530	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	40	...	...	400	...	...
Without children	200	...	...	30	...	...	130	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	55	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	495	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,160	610	550	370	190	175	1,600	795	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	595	530	345	185	160	1,495	725	765
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,800	75,500	52,800	32,800	39,600	27,000	76,000	105,000	54,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	595	530	345	185	160	1,525	745	770
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	62,800	45,600	30,600	36,800	26,600	62,400	82,000	46,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,075	580	505	275	160	115	1,420	705	715
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,000	74,500	50,000	25,400	32,000	18,200	74,500	109,000	51,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	990	545	445	215	130	85	1,195	620	575
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,600	72,500	53,600	28,600	34,000	20,600	83,000	113,000	59,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	995	530	470	320	175	145	1,200	575	625
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	1,320	1,160	2,400	13,200	9,200	14,900	2,380	1,100	4,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	130	70	60	30	10	15	120	50	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,960	5,000	6,000	x	x	6,700	5,160	10,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	150	155	125	70	55	350	155	190
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,800	9,000	7,250	10,500	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,180	640	540	365	215	150	1,595	785	805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	625	520	350	210	145	1,480	715	765
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	86,400	105,600	63,600	41,600	44,800	36,500	118,700	160,000	80,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	625	520	350	210	145	1,510	740	775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,600	82,400	52,200	37,200	40,000	33,500	88,100	114,600	62,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,095	605	490	310	195	115	1,410	705	705
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	85,200	104,800	61,000	34,400	37,200	30,000	118,900	157,600	79,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,015	580	440	245	155	90	1,205	640	560
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,200	84,400	58,400	34,800	39,000	28,000	122,000	157,600	81,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,015	570	450	320	190	125	1,155	545	615
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,830	4,380	7,680	12,200	10,800	14,400	6,580	4,860	8,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	115	65	50	35	0	20	105	50	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,400	6,400	4,800	...	7,200	9,600	6,400	12,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	135	165	140	90	50	340	140	200
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	9,000	9,100	10,200	9,400	11,200	8,840	8,800	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,180	635	540	365	215	155	1,595	790	810
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	585	375	205	115	65	50	695	425	265
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	88,000	91,000	78,500	45,600	45,600	41,600	137,000	157,000	115,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	99,600	106,400	88,000	54,000	62,000	42,000	181,200	211,000	134,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	350	170	180	75	50	25	420	175	240
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,400	31,600	19,400	18,000	18,000	x	17,000	18,800	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,800	44,400	31,800	23,000	29,000	13,000	44,400	56,400	35,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	94.0	96.0	90.0	74.0	78.0	66.0	95.6	97.6	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.2	74.0	77.0	59.0	66.0	48.0	83.6	88.4	74.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	6.0	3.8	10.3	26.4	22.4	34.0	4.3	2.3	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.0	1.2	x	2.8	0.6	0.3	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.1	2.0	5.1	10.8	9.6	12.4	1.9	1.1	3.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	1.9	4.6	9.6	9.2	11.0	1.7	1.0	3.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,165	610	555	370	195	175	1,600	790	805
Without total income	35	10	20	25	10	15	110	65	45
With total income	1,125	600	530	345	185	160	1,490	730	765
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	10	30	30	10	15	165	55	110
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	50	20	35	95	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	130	50	75	85	45	40	120	45	70
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	50	45	15	30	115	40	75
$40,000 to $49,999	105	50	55	45	35	10	65	25	45
$50,000 to $59,999	100	45	60	30	15	15	60	15	45
$60,000 to $69,999	90	45	45	25	10	10	70	40	30
$70,000 to $79,999	75	40	30	10	10	0	70	40	35
$80,000 to $89,999	70	45	30	10	10	0	60	25	35
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	15	5	0	0	70	30	40
$100,000 and over	295	195	95	10	5	5	590	370	215
$100,000 to $149,999	165	105	60	5	5	5	215	100	115
$150,000 and over	130	90	40	0	0	0	370	275	100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,165	610	555	370	195	175	1,600	790	805
Without after-tax income	35	10	20	25	10	15	80	45	35
With after-tax income	1,125	600	530	345	185	160	1,520	750	775
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	10	35	30	10	15	200	80	125
$10,000 to $19,999	80	40	45	50	20	30	105	40	70
$20,000 to $29,999	135	55	80	90	45	45	125	55	70
$30,000 to $39,999	120	55	65	55	30	25	125	40	85
$40,000 to $49,999	135	60	75	50	35	20	85	30	50
$50,000 to $59,999	120	60	60	20	10	10	90	35	50
$60,000 to $69,999	110	60	50	20	15	5	90	45	45
$70,000 to $79,999	95	60	30	20	10	0	80	35	45
$80,000 to $89,999	55	25	30	10	5	0	85	35	50
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	10	0	0	0	60	30	35
$100,000 and over	190	135	60	0	0	0	465	320	145
$100,000 to $124,999	75	45	30	0	0	0	130	80	50
$125,000 and over	120	90	30	0	0	0	340	240	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,165	610	555	370	195	175	1,600	790	805
Without employment income	175	70	105	155	65	95	405	175	235
With employment income	990	540	445	215	135	80	1,190	620	575
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	30	30	40	20	15	130	50	80
$5,000 to $9,999	60	20	35	20	10	15	75	30	50
$10,000 to $19,999	90	40	50	25	15	10	90	40	45
$20,000 to $29,999	60	25	35	20	15	10	50	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	25	20	15	5	45	20	30
$40,000 to $49,999	70	40	35	30	20	10	45	15	30
$50,000 to $59,999	95	50	40	10	5	0	45	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	30	10	5	5	60	35	25
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	30	10	10	0	45	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	20	15	5	0	55	15	40
$90,000 to $99,999	55	35	20	10	0	0	50	15	30
$100,000 and over	255	165	85	10	5	5	510	340	170
$100,000 to $124,999	105	60	40	5	0	0	110	50	60
$125,000 and over	155	110	40	0	0	0	395	285	110
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,160	610	550	370	190	175	1,600	795	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,120	595	525	335	185	155	1,450	710	740
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	71,000	48,400	30,000	36,800	24,800	77,000	116,000	56,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,120	595	525	335	185	155	1,450	710	740
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	58,800	43,600	28,000	33,600	24,000	66,500	92,000	50,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,080	580	500	280	165	115	1,400	695	705
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	70,000	48,400	26,800	34,400	21,400	78,500	116,000	55,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	990	545	445	220	135	85	1,175	605	575
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,200	70,500	50,400	30,800	35,200	28,200	86,000	121,000	62,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	950	505	450	315	170	145	1,060	525	535
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	680	670	830	5,120	1,440	10,700	900	890	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	60	30	25	20	10	10	90	20	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	6,080	7,150	x	x	x	9,900	5,080	11,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,180	640	540	365	215	150	1,595	785	805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,135	625	510	350	210	140	1,435	715	720
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	73,800	86,000	58,800	41,400	44,800	36,000	121,900	161,200	82,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,135	625	510	350	210	140	1,440	720	720
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,100	68,000	48,000	36,600	38,800	33,000	90,100	116,000	63,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,100	605	495	325	205	120	1,360	695	670
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	73,600	86,800	57,600	37,400	40,800	32,000	125,600	165,600	84,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,020	575	445	270	175	95	1,185	630	555
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,000	80,800	55,800	38,400	42,000	32,500	126,600	161,000	87,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	975	550	425	295	185	110	1,040	540	495
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,745	2,030	3,680	7,650	5,880	10,600	4,000	2,490	5,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	40	20	20	0	0	70	15	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	7,800	10,000	11,000	...	...	11,600	4,500	13,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,180	635	540	365	215	155	1,595	790	810
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	575	370	200	120	65	50	695	420	275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	91,000	75,000	44,000	69,500	38,800	128,000	150,000	101,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,000	99,600	78,000	53,000	62,000	42,000	180,000	211,000	133,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	325	155	170	85	60	25	375	160	215
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,800	36,400	27,000	20,400	20,200	x	28,400	33,200	24,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,600	51,000	38,800	26,800	31,000	18,000	55,800	68,000	47,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.8	98.0	95.0	84.0	88.0	76.0	97.6	98.8	95.2
Employment income (%)	84.8	87.0	82.0	71.0	76.0	62.0	85.6	88.0	81.0
Government transfers (%)	3.2	2.1	5.2	15.6	11.6	23.0	2.4	1.2	4.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.6	x	x	0.4	0.1	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	820	...	...	140	...	...	685	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	88,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	495	...	...	20	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	38,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	33,200	...	...	66,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	320	...	...	120	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	182,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	830	...	...	140	...	...	700	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	119,600	...	...	108,000	...	...	250,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	96,000	...	...	190,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	500	...	...	20	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	20,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	19,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	325	...	...	115	...	...	610	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	269,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	203,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	820	...	...	140	...	...	685	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	345	...	...	65	...	...	560	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...	20	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	70	...	...	25	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	80	...	...	20	...	...	90	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	5	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	820	...	...	140	...	...	685	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	55	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	25	...	...	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	25	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...	10	...	...	405	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	280	...	...	115	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	182,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	35	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	64,500	...	...	182,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	60	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	254,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	198,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	4.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	15	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	3.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	590	320	270	50	35	20	80	35	45
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	65,500	75,000	56,800	25,000	27,400	x	81,000	118,000	68,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,200	61,200	49,200	25,000	26,600	x	64,500	97,000	58,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	280	...	...	115	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	267,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	202,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	30	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	70	...	...	435	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	308,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	229,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	...	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	...	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	605	340	265	30	30	0	85	35	50
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	93,600	110,800	71,500	22,000	22,000	...	120,000	170,000	88,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	73,200	85,200	58,400	20,000	20,000	...	94,000	130,000	68,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,220	635	585	460	235	225	2,215	1,085	1,135
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	105	45	60	730	360	370
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	40	15	20	230	110	120
18 to 64 years	1,055	560	495	265	145	115	1,330	650	680
65 years and over	100	45	50	80	40	45	155	70	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	160	75	90	65	25	40	100	50	50
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	30	10	20	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	15	0	5	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	125	55	70	35	20	15	55	25	30
65 years and over	10	5	10	5	0	5	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	11.2	15.0	14.8	11.0	18.5	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	34.0	40.0	32.0	26.0	16.0	34.0	4.8	5.6	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	40.0	40.0	30.0	28.0	x	40.0	4.5	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	10.0	13.6	12.0	12.0	14.0	4.4	4.4	4.4
65 years and over (%)	14.0	8.0	16.0	8.0	x	10.0	4.0	x	6.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,225	640	590	455	235	225	2,220	1,080	1,130
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	110	50	60	735	365	370
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	35	20	25	230	110	120
18 to 64 years	1,055	560	495	265	145	120	1,325	650	680
65 years and over	95	45	55	85	40	45	155	75	85
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	55	55	40	25	20	65	30	35
0 to 17 years	15	10	10	10	5	10	25	10	10
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	5	5	5	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	85	35	45	30	15	10	40	20	20
65 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.0	8.4	9.2	9.2	9.5	9.5	3.0	3.0	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	40.0	16.0	10.0	x	12.0	3.0	3.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	40.0	20.0	x	x	x	2.5	x	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	6.8	9.6	12.0	14.0	10.0	3.1	3.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,220	635	585	455	235	225	2,215	1,085	1,135
In bottom half of the distribution	485	220	265	295	150	150	325	150	175
In bottom decile	145	70	75	55	25	35	85	40	45
In second decile	90	35	55	45	25	25	65	30	35
In third decile	85	35	50	65	30	30	70	30	40
In fourth decile	85	45	35	80	40	40	55	25	35
In fifth decile	80	30	50	45	25	20	45	25	20
In top half of the distribution	740	420	320	160	85	80	1,895	935	955
In sixth decile	85	40	40	20	10	15	95	45	50
In seventh decile	85	50	30	50	25	25	150	75	80
In eighth decile	115	65	45	45	30	20	185	85	100
In ninth decile	165	90	80	25	15	10	365	185	180
In top decile	290	170	120	15	5	5	1,095	550	550
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,225	...	...	455	...	...	2,220	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.421	...	...	0.264	...	...	0.327	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.475	...	...	0.436	...	...	0.358	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.386	...	...	0.239	...	...	0.286	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,225	640	590	460	235	225	2,215	1,080	1,130
English only	1,085	570	520	430	220	205	1,995	980	1,015
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	120	65	60	5	5	5	175	85	90
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	20	5	15	45	15	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,225	640	590	460	235	225	2,215	1,080	1,130
English	1,185	620	565	435	225	210	2,130	1,040	1,090
French	15	5	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	20	5	15	45	15	30
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,225	640	590	460	235	225	2,215	1,080	1,130
Single responses	1,170	615	560	400	205	195	2,110	1,030	1,075
Official languages	860	470	390	230	115	120	1,510	745	765
English	850	465	380	230	115	120	1,485	730	755
French	15	5	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-official languages	310	140	170	165	90	75	600	290	310
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	140	170	165	90	75	600	290	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	60	35	30	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	25	60	35	25	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	25	5	15	40	25	20	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	5	10	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	5	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	15	10	10	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	10	5	0	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	90	85	70	40	30	285	145	145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	35	10	0	5	70	35	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	35	10	0	5	70	35	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	55	35	25	85	50	35
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	55	35	20	55	30	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	15	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	5	0	0	0	30	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dari	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	35	5	5	5	95	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	15	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	50	25	25	5	5	0	70	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	20	5	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	15	5	5	200	100	95
Chinese languages	30	10	15	5	0	0	200	100	95
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0	0	0	140	75	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	5	0	0	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	30	55	30	30	105	50	55
English and French	10	10	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	55	30	30	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,225	640	590	460	235	225	2,215	1,080	1,130
English	910	490	420	245	125	115	1,570	770	805
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-official language	80	35	45	50	25	25	165	75	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	35	45	50	25	25	165	75	90
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	210	95	115	155	80	80	435	215	220
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	5	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,225	640	590	460	235	225	2,215	1,080	1,130
Single responses	1,185	620	565	405	205	195	2,120	1,030	1,090
Official languages	1,030	550	480	295	150	145	1,810	880	925
English	1,025	550	475	295	150	145	1,795	880	920
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-official languages	155	70	90	110	60	50	315	150	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	70	90	110	60	50	315	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15	40	20	20	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	15	40	15	15	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	25	15	15	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	50	45	20	20	125	60	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	5	5	5	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	5	5	5	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	40	20	20	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	5	35	20	15	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	10	10	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	0	0	0	55	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	35	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	10	5	5	140	65	70
Chinese languages	15	5	10	5	0	0	140	65	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	5	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	15	50	25	30	100	50	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	50	25	30	90	50	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,220	640	585	455	235	225	2,220	1,085	1,130
None	1,030	550	480	330	170	160	1,830	900	930
English	65	25	40	35	20	15	140	65	70
French	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-official language	85	40	45	60	30	30	190	90	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	45	60	30	30	190	90	100
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	10	5	10	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	5	0	5	20	10	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,225	670	555	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Official languages	1,215	670	555	410	230	185	2,210	1,065	1,145
English	1,215	670	555	410	230	185	2,210	1,065	1,145
French	155	55	105	10	0	0	135	80	60
Non-official languages	380	160	220	250	125	125	825	380	445
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	380	160	220	250	125	125	825	380	445
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	120	70	50	45	10	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	120	70	50	45	10	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	10	20	80	45	35	40	10	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	40	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	120	140	115	55	55	455	220	235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	30	55	15	0	10	145	70	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	30	55	15	0	10	145	70	75
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	25	0	20	0	0	0	70	40	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0	65	20	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	15	25
Serbian	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	50	30	75	40	35	120	55	65
Indo-Aryan languages	50	35	10	75	40	35	80	35	45
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	25	15	0	45	25	20	35	15	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	60	30	30	45	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	15	10	40	10	35
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	40	20	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	40	20	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	0	0	0	40	20	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	45	25	15	15	135	65	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Spanish	55	25	35	15	15	0	75	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0	205	115	90
Chinese languages	45	15	30	0	0	0	205	115	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0	190	105	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,225	665	560	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	35	10	25	0	0	0	15	0	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	10	25	0	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,190	655	535	410	235	175	2,255	1,085	1,175
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,225	665	560	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,205	655	550	410	235	180	2,270	1,085	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
Owner	355	...	...	130	...	...	690	...	...
Renter	470	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
Condominium	725	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	100	...	...	135	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	360	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	445	...	...	15	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...	275	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	700	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	15	...	...	85	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	10	...	...	120	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	30	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	65	...	...	325	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.4	...	...	7.4	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	820	...	...	135	...	...	690	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
Suitable	820	...	...	125	...	...	685	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	140	...	...	120	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	45	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	75	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
2001 to 2005	110	...	...	0	...	...	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2015	135	...	...	0	...	...	135	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	120	...	...	0	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	790	...	...	125	...	...	695	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
One-maintainer household	595	...	...	60	...	...	260	...	...
Two-maintainer household	205	...	...	65	...	...	415	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
15 to 24 years	80	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	330	...	...	15	...	...	60	...	...
35 to 44 years	170	...	...	10	...	...	235	...	...
45 to 54 years	85	...	...	15	...	...	200	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	45	...	...	125	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	820	...	...	135	...	...	695	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	600	...	...	120	...	...	640	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	185	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	830	...	...	135	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	240	...	...	40	...	...	70	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	190	...	...	15	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	585	...	...	100	...	...	630	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	785	...	...	125	...	...	685	...	...
In core need	85	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	705	...	...	120	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	360	...	...	125	...	...	685	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.0	...	...	56.0	...	...	67.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	7.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.8	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,860	...	...	1,390	...	...	2,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,020	...	...	1,220	...	...	2,544	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	900,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	428,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	876,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	470	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.9	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,520	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,220	665	560	420	230	190	2,265	1,080	1,190
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	20	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	20	15	0	0	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0	0	0	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,175	645	535	410	235	175	2,245	1,075	1,170
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,225	665	560	420	235	185	2,270	1,080	1,185
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,130	630	495	415	230	185	2,070	995	1,080
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	30	30	70	25	45	750	345	405
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,065	595	465	345	200	145	1,325	650	670
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	95	35	65	0	0	0	195	90	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,225	665	560	420	235	185	2,270	1,080	1,185
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	850	505	340	245	135	110	1,625	780	845
Immigrants⁸¹	355	160	200	180	95	80	630	300	325
Before 1980	35	10	30	25	20	0	55	35	20
1980 to 1990	30	10	25	15	0	10	65	25	35
1991 to 2000	95	55	40	50	25	25	100	40	60
2001 to 2010	110	60	55	65	25	35	220	110	110
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	25	55	25	25	0	195	95	105
2011 to 2015	40	15	30	15	15	0	95	50	45
2016 to 2021	40	15	25	0	0	0	100	40	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	355	155	200	175	95	80	630	300	330
Under 5 years	35	10	30	15	0	15	70	35	35
5 to 14 years	120	70	45	25	20	0	90	60	30
15 to 24 years	30	10	25	50	25	20	100	45	50
25 to 44 years	125	45	75	70	35	35	300	140	165
45 years and over	55	25	25	20	15	0	70	30	45
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	355	155	200	175	95	80	630	300	330
Americas	50	25	25	0	0	0	65	35	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Europe	135	50	80	15	10	0	140	70	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	10	45	35	10	75	40	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	15	15	0	10	0	0
Asia	140	55	80	100	45	55	340	155	180
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	120	55	70
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	50	20	25	40	10	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	15	30	0	0	0	95	45	55
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0	70	25	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,225	665	555	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
First generation¹⁰⁰	400	170	230	185	105	80	685	320	365
Second generation¹⁰¹	265	160	100	135	70	65	570	245	325
Third generation or more¹⁰²	555	330	225	100	60	40	1,015	520	500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	320	150	175	150	80	75	575	270	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	220	105	120	50	25	25	420	210	205
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	95	65	30	10	0	0	150	105	45
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	40	85	40	25	15	265	105	165
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	50	20	35	70	25	40	125	40	85
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	15	30	20	0	25	10	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	320	150	175	150	80	75	575	270	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	20	25	0	0	0	55	25	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	20	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	220	110	115	140	75	65	455	210	245
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,225	665	560	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	340	165	175	285	155	125	835	370	465
South Asian	75	45	30	80	45	35	195	80	110
Chinese	50	15	35	0	0	0	320	155	170
Black	50	35	10	50	25	20	60	35	35
Filipino	15	10	10	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arab	30	20	10	85	45	35	35	10	25
Latin American	20	0	20	0	0	0	40	20	25
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Asian	30	15	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
Multiple visible minorities	25	0	20	15	15	0	20	0	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	885	495	385	135	75	60	1,435	715	720
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,225	665	555	420	235	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Canadian	85	55	30	85	45	40	290	155	135
English	270	160	110	30	10	15	425	210	215
Irish	175	115	60	0	0	0	320	190	125
Scottish	230	150	75	15	10	0	290	130	160
French, n.o.s.¹²²	115	65	50	0	0	0	130	50	85
German	145	80	65	0	0	0	270	115	155
Chinese	50	15	35	30	10	15	295	145	155
Italian	50	25	30	0	0	0	125	70	55
Indian (India)	55	25	25	25	15	0	125	55	70
Ukrainian	65	40	20	0	0	0	150	55	105
Dutch	45	25	20	0	0	0	50	20	30
Polish	45	30	20	0	0	0	65	45	25
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	20	40	0	0	0	75	35	40
Filipino	35	10	25	0	0	0	45	20	20
French Canadian	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	20	10	15	0	0	0	25	10	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0	75	40	35
Norwegian	35	15	20	0	0	0	100	55	40
Welsh	20	10	10	0	0	0	50	25	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	10	10	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Spanish	35	10	20	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	25	15	0	0	0	0	50	35	10
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	0	30	10	20
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0	45	20	30
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15	45	25	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Jamaican	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	25	30	50	25	25
Iranian	20	15	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	20	10	0	0	0	85	40	45
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	10	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Belgian	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swiss	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	25	15	0	0	0	0	90	30	60
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,225	665	560	420	230	185	2,270	1,085	1,185
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	410	205	210	170	85	80	1,130	530	600
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	85	50	35	60	30	35	285	115	170
Anabaptist	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	25	15	15	20	15	0	55	20	30
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	210	110	100	65	30	35	500	255	255
Christian Orthodox	20	15	10	0	0	0	80	45	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	10	15	15	10	10	55	30	20
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	30
Hindu	30	20	10	0	0	0	70	35	35
Jewish	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	45	30	15	105	60	40	115	50	70
Sikh	0	0	0	45	20	20	65	30	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	720	395	320	90	60	25	885	440	440
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,200	645	555	420	235	185	2,225	1,050	1,170
Non-movers	865	480	380	365	205	160	2,000	960	1,040
Movers	335	165	170	60	30	25	220	100	125
Non-migrants	275	145	130	60	30	25	185	80	100
Migrants	60	20	40	0	0	0	35	15	20
Internal migrants	55	20	35	0	0	0	25	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	45	15	25	0	0	0	20	10	10
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,195	640	550	410	225	185	2,085	995	1,090
Non-movers	335	185	155	340	185	160	1,020	495	530
Movers	855	465	395	70	40	25	1,060	500	560
Non-migrants	500	285	215	50	25	15	810	390	420
Migrants	355	180	175	25	15	0	250	110	140
Internal migrants	300	170	135	20	15	0	135	70	70
Intraprovincial migrants	90	50	40	0	0	0	45	25	20
Interprovincial migrants	210	120	90	15	15	0	95	45	50
External migrants	50	10	45	0	0	0	110	40	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,180	635	540	365	215	155	1,595	790	810
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	20	25	75	40	40	160	85	70
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,130	615	515	290	175	110	1,440	705	735
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	955	555	395	230	135	100	1,255	610	640
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	45	30	15	25	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	935	540	395	185	105	80	1,225	595	630
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,180	640	545	365	215	150	1,595	785	805
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	20	20	75	40	40	155	85	75
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	180	95	85	130	75	55	245	120	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	960	520	440	155	105	60	1,190	585	605
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	140	90	85	50	35	220	100	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	30	25	10	0	0	25	10	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	125	80	50	60	35	20	155	80	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	30	15	15	10	0	45	15	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	735	390	350	70	45	25	970	480	490
Bachelor's degree	515	275	240	55	45	0	660	310	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	20	10	0	0	0	55	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Master's degree	145	65	85	15	0	15	220	130	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	950	555	400	235	135	95	1,250	615	640
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	50	25	20	30	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	115	65	50	80	45	30	140	75	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	815	475	345	105	60	45	1,090	525	560
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190	130	65	65	35	30	195	90	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	20	15	10	0	0	20	10	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	15	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	115	75	35	45	25	20	140	75	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	35	15	15	0	0	35	10	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	625	340	285	40	20	20	900	430	465
Bachelor's degree	435	250	190	20	20	0	615	290	330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Master's degree	135	55	80	20	0	20	200	110	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,180	640	540	370	215	150	1,590	785	805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	215	115	105	205	115	95	400	200	200
Education	40	0	35	0	0	0	75	15	55
13. Education	40	0	35	0	0	0	75	15	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	20	0	0	0	30	15	15
Humanities	45	15	30	10	0	10	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	65	90	20	15	10	140	75	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	0	0	0	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	25	0	0	0	35	25	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	50	30	25	10	10	0	65	45	25
Business, management and public administration	275	175	100	40	35	0	345	160	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	270	170	100	40	35	0	340	160	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	15	10	0	10	70	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0	30	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	15	15	15	0	75	50	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	0	15	15	0	70	45	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	210	160	50	10	0	0	280	185	95
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	145	100	45	0	0	0	230	155	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	40	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	90	20	70	35	30	10	135	25	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	85	20	60	30	25	0	125	20	105
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	0	0	0	20	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	955	550	400	230	135	100	1,255	610	640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	80	50	125	75	50	170	85	80
Education	30	10	25	0	0	0	55	10	45
13. Education	30	10	25	0	0	0	55	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Humanities	30	10	15	10	0	10	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	60	90	10	0	0	140	70	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	0	0	0	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	30	15	20	0	0	0	30	25	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	55	30	25	0	0	0	65	45	25
Business, management and public administration	240	160	80	20	15	0	335	160	175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	155	80	20	15	0	325	160	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0	30	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	25	0	10	10	0	75	50	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0	10	10	0	70	45	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	190	145	45	0	0	0	255	165	85
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	130	90	45	0	0	0	205	130	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	45	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	75	20	55	40	30	0	110	15	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	70	20	50	30	25	0	100	10	90
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	955	550	400	230	135	100	1,255	610	640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	80	50	125	75	50	170	85	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	820	470	350	105	60	45	1,085	530	560
Location of study inside Canada	675	400	275	80	55	30	795	390	400
Same as province or territory of residence	385	225	160	65	40	30	515	270	245
Different than province or territory of residence	290	180	110	20	20	0	280	120	160
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	145	70	75	20	0	15	295	130	155
Americas	35	15	20	0	0	0	65	30	35
United States of America	20	0	10	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	30	20	0	0	0	110	55	50
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0
Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0	20	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	20	15	10	0	10	100	45	55
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,180	640	545	365	215	150	1,595	785	805
In the labour force	955	565	390	225	130	95	1,160	640	525
Employed	845	515	335	195	110	85	1,040	555	485
Unemployed	110	55	55	25	20	10	120	85	35
Not in the labour force	225	70	155	145	80	55	435	145	285
Participation rate	80.9	88.3	71.6	61.6	60.5	63.3	72.7	81.5	65.2
Employment rate	71.6	80.5	61.5	53.4	51.2	56.7	65.2	70.7	60.2
Unemployment rate	11.5	9.7	14.1	11.1	15.4	10.5	10.3	13.3	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,180	640	545	370	215	150	1,590	785	805
Did not work¹⁸⁶	230	75	155	155	90	70	435	160	270
Worked	950	560	390	210	125	85	1,165	630	535
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	590	385	205	125	70	55	710	430	280
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	360	180	180	85	60	30	450	195	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	44.5	40.0	44.8	42.8	48.0	42.2	43.3	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	955	570	385	225	130	95	1,160	640	520
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	935	560	375	220	130	95	1,155	635	520
Employee	835	490	345	200	110	95	980	540	445
Permanent position	685	430	260	160	85	75	865	480	385
Temporary position	150	65	85	40	25	20	115	60	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	35	40	15	0	10	50	25	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	75	30	45	30	20	10	60	40	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	100	70	30	15	15	0	175	95	75
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	955	570	385	225	130	95	1,160	640	520
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	935	560	375	220	130	95	1,155	635	520
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	235	135	100	15	0	0	305	140	170
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	190	145	45	0	0	0	240	165	75
3 Health occupations	75	20	55	35	10	20	60	0	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	145	65	75	30	0	25	135	65	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	25	30	0	0	0	50	0	50
6 Sales and service occupations	150	90	60	75	45	35	205	130	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	60	60	0	60	55	0	75	70	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	955	570	385	225	130	95	1,160	640	520
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	935	560	375	220	130	95	1,155	635	520
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	50	40	0	0	0	170	120	50
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
23 Construction	55	40	15	20	20	0	50	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	35	35	0	10	10	0	25	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	40	30	10	0	0	0	30	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	60	40	15	10	0	0	100	70	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	0	30	25	0	25	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	40	25	15	0	0	0	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	75	60	20	0	0	0	75	35	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	135	75	0	0	0	250	135	110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	35	30	0	25	15	10
61 Educational services	60	15	45	15	0	15	95	35	55
62 Health care and social assistance	110	30	80	55	20	35	85	0	80
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	40	30	15	10	0	0	80	40	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	10	15	10	0	10	25	15	10
91 Public administration	25	15	0	10	0	0	55	20	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,000	590	410	240	145	95	1,240	665	575
English	960	580	380	230	145	85	1,160	630	535
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0	0	0	50	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,000	590	410	240	145	95	1,240	665	575
Single responses	990	590	400	235	145	95	1,240	665	575
Official languages	985	585	395	235	145	95	1,205	645	560
English	985	585	395	235	145	95	1,205	645	560
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,000	590	410	240	145	95	1,240	665	575
None	965	580	385	235	145	85	1,185	645	545
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	20	0	10	0	0	0	35	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10	0	0	0	35	15	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	845	510	335	195	115	85	1,045	555	485
Worked at home	395	235	155	10	10	0	505	260	250
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	55	45	10	45	30	15	75	40	30
Usual place of work	405	235	170	135	70	65	450	240	205
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	405	235	170	135	70	65	450	240	205
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	395	225	170	125	60	65	425	225	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	455	275	180	185	100	80	525	280	240
Car, truck or van	265	145	115	170	95	75	430	230	200
Car, truck or van - as a driver	250	145	105	155	95	60	410	225	190
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	15	15	0	15	20	10	15
Public transit	10	10	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Walked	125	80	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bicycle	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	35	25	10	0	0	0	40	20	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	455	275	180	185	100	80	525	280	240
Less than 15 minutes	140	75	65	60	25	30	110	45	70
15 to 29 minutes	230	140	95	85	45	40	210	105	110
30 to 44 minutes	55	40	15	30	20	10	150	105	50
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
60 minutes and over	20	20	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	455	275	180	185	100	80	525	280	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	15	0	10	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	50	35	15	15	15	0	95	65	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	150	105	50	30	30	0	200	105	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	45	60	30	15	15	80	35	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	60	15	30	0	20	55	25	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	65	30	30	60	30	30	75	35	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	70	30	40	110	45	60	745	365	375
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	10	5	10	85	50	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35	100	45	50	655	315	335
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	30	10	15	80	30	45	540	270	270
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	5	0	5	65	40	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	5	35	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15	70	30	40	475	235	240

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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