Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060426More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061808More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	447	...	...	1,216	...	...	13,230	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	199	...	...	389	...	...	3,757	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	183	...	...	385	...	...	3,573	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,727.3	...	...	3,672.6	...	...	1,247.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.16	...	...	0.33	...	...	10.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	450	225	215	1,215	610	605	13,230	6,475	6,755
0 to 14 years	65	30	35	265	140	120	3,330	1,680	1,650
0 to 4 years	25	10	15	60	25	35	1,450	730	720
5 to 9 years	20	5	10	90	60	35	1,065	550	510
10 to 14 years	20	10	10	115	60	55	815	395	415
15 to 64 years	305	155	145	810	400	410	8,920	4,405	4,515
15 to 19 years	25	15	15	110	55	55	660	320	340
20 to 24 years	30	20	15	75	45	30	755	380	375
25 to 29 years	30	20	10	30	20	10	1,155	510	640
30 to 34 years	30	15	10	50	15	35	1,800	885	910
35 to 39 years	30	15	20	75	35	40	1,480	740	740
40 to 44 years	25	10	15	75	40	40	1,105	555	550
45 to 49 years	25	10	15	120	55	65	725	390	335
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	130	65	65	475	250	225
55 to 59 years	30	15	10	75	35	35	380	195	190
60 to 64 years	40	20	15	65	30	35	390	185	205
65 years and over	75	45	35	135	65	70	975	385	595
65 to 69 years	25	10	10	35	15	15	340	160	180
70 to 74 years	15	10	10	45	20	25	170	80	95
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	25	15	15	155	75	85
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	20	10	10	90	35	50
85 years and over	15	5	10	10	5	5	220	35	190
85 to 89 years	5	5	5	5	5	5	115	20	95
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	90	10	80
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	13.3	16.3	21.8	23.0	19.8	25.2	25.9	24.4
15 to 64 years	67.8	68.9	67.4	66.7	65.6	67.8	67.4	68.0	66.8
65 years and over	16.7	20.0	16.3	11.1	10.7	11.6	7.4	5.9	8.8
85 years and over	3.3	2.2	4.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.7	0.5	2.8
Average age of the population	41.8	42.6	41.0	37.5	36.5	38.5	31.9	31.1	32.7
Median age of the population	41.2	41.2	41.2	40.0	37.6	41.2	32.0	32.0	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,575	...	...
Single-detached house	165	...	...	355	...	...	1,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	25	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	0	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,570	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	40	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	115	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	65	...	...	775	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	115	...	...	925	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	55	...	...	880	...	...
Number of persons in private households	450	230	220	1,215	610	605	12,770	6,315	6,455
Average household size	2.4	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	380	200	185	950	465	480	9,900	4,795	5,105
Married or living common-law	205	100	105	640	315	320	6,590	3,285	3,300
Married	175	85	85	600	300	305	6,205	3,095	3,105
Living common-law	30	15	20	35	20	20	385	190	200
Living common law - Never married	25	15	15	25	15	10	310	145	160
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	10	0	5	10	10	5	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	180	100	80	310	145	160	3,310	1,505	1,800
Not married and not living common law - Never married	130	80	50	240	130	110	2,365	1,270	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	0	5	15	5	10	160	50	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	10	15	35	5	35	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	20	5	10	470	70	400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	120	...	...	350	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	125	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	70	...	...	1,005	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	125	...	...	1,030	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	40	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	350	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total couple families	100	...	...	315	...	...	3,135	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	300	...	...	2,940	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	205	...	...	2,215	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	90	...	...	730	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	20	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	10	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	35	...	...	360	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	25	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,765	6,315	6,455
Total - Persons in census families	345	165	185	1,140	585	560	11,460	5,640	5,815
Married spouses or common-law partners	200	100	100	635	320	320	6,270	3,125	3,150
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	15	35	10	25	360	50	305
Children⁶	130	60	65	475	260	215	4,825	2,470	2,355
In a two-parent family	100	45	50	415	220	195	4,250	2,170	2,075
In a one-parent family	25	15	10	60	40	25	580	300	280
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	100	65	35	70	25	45	1,310	670	635
Living alone	45	30	15	35	5	30	355	180	175
Living with other relatives⁷	10	0	5	15	5	10	585	280	300
Living with non-relatives only	40	35	10	15	10	10	375	210	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	185	...	...	385	...	...	3,570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	105	...	...	320	...	...	2,275	...	...
Couple-family households	90	...	...	290	...	...	2,075	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	195	...	...	1,640	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	95	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	30	...	...	200	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	15	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...	280	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	5	...	...	135	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	40	...	...	350	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	385	205	180	945	470	485	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	190	170	890	440	450	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	44,800	44,800	54,000	70,000	43,200	41,600	47,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	190	170	890	440	450	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	39,200	42,000	48,800	59,200	39,200	37,600	42,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	180	160	830	425	410	7,940	4,110	3,830
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	41,200	40,800	52,000	70,000	40,400	37,600	45,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	265	140	125	665	335	330	7,395	3,785	3,610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	46,000	40,800	63,600	79,000	46,800	36,400	44,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	160	150	730	340	390	8,095	3,910	4,185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,850	8,100	5,960	4,000	6,650	6,200	2,980	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30	10	15	65	30	30	1,360	520	845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	x	x	5,360	4,560	5,920	6,000	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	50	50	220	100	120	3,765	1,770	1,995
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,900	7,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	430	215	215	1,025	515	510	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	405	210	195	970	490	480	8,900	4,365	4,535
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,800	75,000	62,000	88,200	108,800	66,800	46,240	52,800	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	405	210	195	970	490	480	8,905	4,365	4,540
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,200	57,600	52,800	68,000	80,800	55,000	40,240	45,120	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	375	195	180	900	465	435	8,005	4,105	3,905
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	72,000	58,400	85,800	108,000	62,400	41,680	49,440	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	145	165	730	380	350	7,475	3,790	3,680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	75,000	54,000	79,600	90,800	67,200	41,280	48,440	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	180	180	815	375	440	8,150	3,925	4,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,240	9,200	9,200	9,700	8,000	11,160	9,570	7,120	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45	20	30	55	35	25	1,500	545	960
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	5,200	7,200	8,400	6,000	12,000	8,000	6,640	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	130	70	60	255	120	130	3,850	1,730	2,120
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	10,000	7,200	10,400	9,200	11,400	9,220	8,910	9,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	425	210	220	1,025	515	510	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	55	60	420	225	195	3,190	1,900	1,290
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	95,000	110,000	87,000	100,000	112,000	93,000	56,400	61,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	136,000	175,000	100,000	115,600	128,000	100,000	60,450	65,200	53,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	165	80	85	250	125	125	3,285	1,430	1,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,000	11,900	35,600	8,600	7,450	10,500	21,000	24,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	16,500	31,200	29,000	37,000	21,200	28,040	31,600	25,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	90.0	86.0	90.8	94.0	85.0	81.0	87.8	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	72.0	73.0	68.0	65.0	73.0	75.0	79.6	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.9	10.6	13.6	9.3	5.7	15.3	18.9	12.1	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6	0.6	0.4	0.9	2.9	1.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	4.6	4.2	3.4	2.2	5.3	9.4	7.2	12.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	4.4	3.8	3.1	2.1	4.8	8.6	6.7	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	380	200	185	950	465	480	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without total income	20	10	10	60	25	35	570	255	315
With total income	365	195	175	890	440	445	8,865	4,375	4,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	110	50	55	825	310	515
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	15	75	25	50	840	355	480
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	20	90	35	50	1,260	570	695
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	25	90	35	55	1,305	510	800
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	55	20	35	1,215	610	605
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	50	30	25	980	505	475
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	10	45	25	25	780	430	350
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	10	50	20	25	560	340	220
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	35	15	15	370	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	45	20	25	255	165	90
$100,000 and over	70	40	30	250	160	85	480	345	135
$100,000 to $149,999	40	20	20	140	80	60	380	265	120
$150,000 and over	30	20	10	110	80	30	95	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	380	200	185	950	465	480	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	60	25	35	565	255	315
With after-tax income	365	195	175	890	440	445	8,865	4,375	4,495
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	115	50	60	830	315	520
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	15	85	30	50	870	370	500
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	100	45	55	1,475	650	820
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	25	95	40	55	1,585	690	900
$40,000 to $49,999	35	10	20	55	25	35	1,420	725	695
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	15	70	30	40	1,065	590	480
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	50	25	20	700	425	275
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	55	30	30	395	245	150
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	65	25	35	225	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	45	20	20	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	45	25	20	155	115	45	200	155	45
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	10	60	40	15	130	90	35
$125,000 and over	25	15	10	100	75	30	70	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	380	200	185	950	465	480	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without employment income	115	60	55	285	130	155	2,040	845	1,200
With employment income	265	140	130	660	335	330	7,400	3,790	3,610
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	25	30	95	40	60	705	295	410
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	40	15	20	675	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	10	55	25	30	910	395	510
$20,000 to $29,999	15	10	5	45	20	25	850	415	435
$30,000 to $39,999	15	5	10	35	15	20	825	375	450
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	5	25	10	20	805	400	405
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	30	10	15	715	380	330
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	15	30	15	15	585	335	250
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	30	15	15	425	285	145
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	40	20	20	295	195	100
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	35	15	25	195	135	60
$100,000 and over	55	40	20	205	135	70	405	300	105
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	70	35	35	240	165	80
$125,000 and over	40	25	15	135	100	30	160	130	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	385	205	180	945	470	485	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	190	170	860	420	440	8,655	4,285	4,370
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	44,800	46,400	57,200	76,500	42,800	39,200	46,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	190	170	860	420	440	8,660	4,285	4,375
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	41,200	41,600	50,000	63,200	39,200	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	330	170	160	815	405	410	7,795	4,025	3,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	45,600	45,200	57,200	76,500	40,800	39,600	47,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	265	140	125	665	335	330	7,370	3,775	3,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	46,000	43,600	63,600	79,000	46,800	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	155	145	695	320	365	7,755	3,775	3,980
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,450	1,010	3,320	1,040	900	1,960	1,050	900	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	15	15	45	15	25	885	295	595
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,760	x	x	6,040	x	6,200	6,800	4,760	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	430	215	215	1,025	515	510	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	200	190	955	475	480	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,400	76,500	59,600	78,200	95,600	60,800	43,440	50,400	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	200	190	955	475	480	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,800	57,200	50,000	62,200	74,400	49,800	37,840	43,000	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	190	180	905	460	450	7,870	4,040	3,825
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,600	77,000	57,200	77,400	95,600	59,000	43,360	51,250	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	295	145	150	760	395	365	7,450	3,820	3,635
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,500	88,000	58,000	77,600	92,000	62,200	42,680	49,600	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	355	175	175	765	355	410	7,775	3,785	3,995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	4,120	6,120	5,680	4,780	6,440	4,520	2,324	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	25	50	20	30	1,000	305	695
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	...	6,800	6,800	5,000	7,600	8,800	6,080	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	425	210	220	1,025	515	510	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	55	60	420	225	195	3,155	1,880	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	92,000	115,000	77,000	95,000	111,000	87,000	50,400	55,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	134,000	180,000	92,000	112,000	129,000	91,000	56,200	61,750	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	70	75	245	120	125	3,035	1,330	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	29,400	31,400	12,900	12,500	13,600	30,200	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,500	30,000	37,000	38,000	51,000	25,200	35,240	40,960	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	96.0	90.0	94.0	96.0	91.0	90.6	96.0	83.6
Employment income (%)	79.0	80.0	78.0	79.2	79.5	78.0	84.6	87.8	80.2
Government transfers (%)	6.8	4.8	9.4	5.8	3.7	9.2	9.3	4.1	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	...	1.6	0.4	0.2	0.8	2.3	0.9	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	159,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	132,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	40	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	66,500	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	135	...	...	345	...	...	3,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	166,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	139,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	190	...	...	395	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	216,000	...	...	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	166,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	35	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	360	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	228,000	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	175,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	100	...	...	295	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	85	...	...	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	120	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	260	...	...	1,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	55	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	155	...	...	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	120	...	...	345	...	...	3,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	166,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	137,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	95	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	210	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	194,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	158,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	35	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	113,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	104,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	85	65	25	55	20	40	725	385	335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	31,000	40,000	52,800	x	53,200	46,400	46,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	29,600	40,000	46,800	x	47,600	41,200	41,200	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	125	...	...	365	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	227,000	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	174,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	100	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	156,000	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	220	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	220,000	...	...	276,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	208,000	...	...	108,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	40	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	110	75	35	45	0	35	770	355	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	42,000	85,000	68,000	x	85,000	55,100	55,800	54,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,000	37,000	68,000	60,000	x	76,000	46,300	46,600	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	445	225	215	1,215	610	605	12,770	6,310	6,455
0 to 17 years	80	35	40	340	180	160	3,725	1,870	1,850
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	85	35	45	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	290	150	140	740	365	375	8,435	4,150	4,285
65 years and over	75	45	30	135	65	70	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30	20	10	55	25	30	675	320	350
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	20	15	10	270	135	135
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	130	75	60
18 to 64 years	20	10	5	30	10	20	375	175	200
65 years and over	5	5	0	0	0	5	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8	8.0	5.0	4.6	4.0	4.8	5.3	5.1	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	6.0	7.0	5.0	7.4	7.2	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	6.0	x	x	7.9	8.8	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	9.0	6.0	4.0	3.2	5.2	4.5	4.2	4.7
65 years and over (%)	10.0	16.0	x	x	x	x	3.8	4.5	3.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,765	6,315	6,455
0 to 17 years	80	35	45	340	180	160	3,725	1,875	1,855
0 to 5 years	30	10	15	80	35	45	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	290	155	140	740	360	375	8,430	4,145	4,290
65 years and over	75	40	35	135	70	70	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	20	10	45	20	25	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	15	10	5	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	5	60	30	25
18 to 64 years	25	20	10	30	15	20	240	115	125
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	8.5	5.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	3.0	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	5.0	6.0	4.0	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	12.0	6.0	4.0	3.2	5.0	2.9	2.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	450	225	215	1,215	610	605	12,770	6,310	6,455
In bottom half of the distribution	170	95	75	280	135	145	6,730	3,280	3,450
In bottom decile	35	20	10	50	25	30	610	295	315
In second decile	35	20	10	60	25	25	1,035	505	535
In third decile	30	15	15	35	15	20	1,395	675	725
In fourth decile	35	15	20	50	25	25	1,685	835	850
In fifth decile	35	20	20	90	40	45	2,005	975	1,030
In top half of the distribution	280	135	145	935	475	460	6,040	3,035	3,005
In sixth decile	30	15	15	95	45	50	1,615	795	815
In seventh decile	45	20	20	125	60	70	1,625	820	805
In eighth decile	50	25	25	130	65	65	1,445	715	730
In ninth decile	60	30	35	255	130	125	945	490	460
In top decile	90	45	45	330	175	155	410	220	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	450	...	...	1,215	...	...	12,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.342	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.420	...	...	0.380	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.295	...	...	0.286	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.2	...	...	3.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,965	6,375	6,590
English only	400	200	200	1,120	565	555	11,615	5,820	5,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	45	25	20	90	45	45	435	190	240
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	5	0	5	900	355	540
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	440	225	215	1,190	595	595	11,870	5,915	5,955
French	5	0	0	15	5	10	120	55	65
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	5	95	55	40
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	5	0	5	875	350	530
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	440	225	215	1,165	590	575	11,530	5,660	5,870
Official languages	360	180	175	955	490	460	3,625	1,795	1,825
English	355	180	170	935	485	450	3,510	1,745	1,765
French	5	0	0	15	5	10	110	50	65
Non-official languages	80	40	35	215	95	115	7,905	3,865	4,045
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	40	35	215	95	115	7,905	3,865	4,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	210	95	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	165	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	970	435	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	5	0	825	365	455
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	240	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	115	55	55	6,085	3,025	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	25	15	15	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	25	15	15	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	20	5	15	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	5	10	10	5	5	5	0	5
German	10	5	5	10	5	5	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	20	10	10	5,780	2,870	2,910
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	20	10	5	5,425	2,690	2,740
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	170	180
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5	340	170	170
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,920	1,940	1,980
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	295	290
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	355	180	170
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	25	15	15	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	10	5	25	10	10	250	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	0	5	10	0	5	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	60	25	35	135	60	75
Chinese languages	15	5	10	60	25	35	130	55	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	45	20	25	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	10	5	10	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	5	50	20	30	1,430	715	720
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	30	10	20	1,255	615	640
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	120	65	60
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	360	180	180	995	510	490	3,435	1,700	1,730
French	0	0	0	5	0	0	35	15	25
Non-official language	5	0	5	40	15	20	3,140	1,515	1,630
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	5	0	5	40	15	20	3,140	1,515	1,625
English and French	5	0	5	15	5	5	80	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	145	65	85	5,860	2,900	2,955
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	85	50	40
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	320	150	170
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	450	230	220	1,215	610	610	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	430	220	215	1,180	595	585	11,355	5,585	5,765
Official languages	400	200	205	1,060	540	520	5,050	2,480	2,570
English	405	200	200	1,055	535	520	4,990	2,455	2,535
French	0	0	0	5	0	0	55	25	35
Non-official languages	30	15	15	115	55	60	6,305	3,110	3,200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	15	15	115	55	60	6,305	3,110	3,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	690	320	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	5	0	645	295	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	215	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5	40	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	55	25	30	5,080	2,535	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	10	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	15	10	10	4,885	2,430	2,450
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	15	10	10	4,650	2,315	2,340
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	145
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	0	280	145	135
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,455	1,710	1,745
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5	465	240	220
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	120	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	20	10	10	190	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	20	5	10	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	40	15	25	85	40	45
Chinese languages	10	5	5	40	15	25	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	20	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	5	40	15	25	1,610	785	820
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	35	15	20	1,530	745	785
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	450	230	220	1,215	610	605	12,965	6,375	6,585
None	380	195	185	1,075	545	530	7,835	3,825	4,005
English	15	10	5	60	30	35	2,310	1,170	1,140
French	5	0	5	15	5	5	60	30	30
Non-official language	40	15	20	50	20	35	1,890	910	980
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	20	50	20	35	1,890	910	980
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5	570	290	280
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	5	0	255	130	130
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	485	255	230	1,275	670	615	12,830	6,310	6,520
Official languages	485	255	230	1,275	670	615	11,950	5,935	6,015
English	485	255	230	1,275	670	615	11,940	5,930	6,010
French	90	50	45	95	45	50	360	180	180
Non-official languages	150	75	75	330	150	180	10,225	5,065	5,160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	75	75	330	150	180	10,225	5,065	5,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	175	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	1,335	615	720
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,295	600	700
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	175	155
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	90
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	60	45	210	85	125	7,540	3,815	3,725
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	75	30	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	15	60	25	40
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	35	0	35	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	0	15	25	0	25	10	0	0
German	20	0	15	25	0	25	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	7,160	3,640	3,525
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	6,820	3,460	3,360
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	280	240
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	10	2,440	1,250	1,195
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,480	2,475
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	565	535
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	210
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	30	65	30	35	395	190	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	45	25	20	55	20	30	300	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	205	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	85	50	40	210	95	125
Chinese languages	35	15	20	85	50	40	210	95	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	45	40	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	10	0	0	155	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,830	6,310	6,520
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	25	20	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	20	0	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Métis	0	0	0	25	20	0	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	480	255	225	1,260	650	610	12,760	6,280	6,480
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,830	6,310	6,520
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,790	6,300	6,495
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	375	...	...	3,125	...	...
Renter	60	...	...	20	...	...	455	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	190	...	...	395	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	10	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	15	...	...	30	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	130	...	...	1,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	220	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	30	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	15	...	...	875	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	90	...	...	555	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	60	...	...	365	...	...
8 or more rooms	90	...	...	200	...	...	445	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	7.9	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	190	...	...	385	...	...	3,205	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	10	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
Suitable	190	...	...	370	...	...	3,140	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	20	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	70	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	270	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	115	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	720	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	180	...	...	395	...	...	3,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	0	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
One-maintainer household	90	...	...	120	...	...	1,180	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	255	...	...	1,910	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	25	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	35	...	...	20	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	25	...	...	60	...	...	1,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	145	...	...	670	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	110	...	...	285	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	50	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	190	...	...	395	...	...	3,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	165	...	...	360	...	...	2,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	25	...	...	40	...	...	1,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	25	...	...	30	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	190	...	...	400	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	65	...	...	1,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	35	...	...	1,010	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	25	...	...	345	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	160	...	...	335	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	190	...	...	390	...	...	3,550	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	180	...	...	385	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	380	...	...	3,130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.7	...	...	59.2	...	...	96.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	10.5	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,550	...	...	1,940	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,890	...	...	2,238	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	556,000	...	...	552,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	580,000	...	...	590,000	...	...	442,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	20	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	32.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	x	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,650	...	...	2,000	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	490	250	235	1,280	665	610	12,825	6,315	6,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	15	10	10	25	15	10	65	30	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	15	10	10	25	15	10	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	475	245	230	1,255	650	605	12,745	6,270	6,480
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	490	255	235	1,280	665	615	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	455	220	230	1,190	620	570	8,795	4,395	4,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	75	50	30	300	185	120	3,325	1,670	1,660
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	375	175	200	885	440	450	5,470	2,725	2,740
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	35	30	0	90	45	45	4,035	1,915	2,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	490	255	235	1,280	665	615	12,830	6,310	6,520
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	380	190	190	965	510	460	4,375	2,180	2,195
Immigrants⁸¹	90	40	45	310	160	155	8,015	3,900	4,120
Before 1980	25	10	15	65	25	35	115	55	60
1980 to 1990	20	10	10	45	20	25	180	85	95
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	35	20	15	770	405	370
2001 to 2010	20	10	15	90	50	45	2,275	1,110	1,165
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	15	0	75	45	35	4,675	2,245	2,430
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	50	20	30	2,235	1,120	1,115
2016 to 2021	15	15	0	30	25	0	2,440	1,130	1,310
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	20	0	0	0	0	440	230	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	90	40	45	310	160	150	8,015	3,900	4,115
Under 5 years	0	0	0	60	25	30	555	230	320
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	80	40	35	1,020	545	470
15 to 24 years	35	20	20	30	10	20	1,635	760	870
25 to 44 years	35	25	15	140	80	60	3,910	1,920	1,990
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	445	470
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	90	40	45	310	160	150	8,015	3,900	4,115
Americas	40	10	30	55	30	20	295	150	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	25	10	15	35	20	15	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	20	15	0	130	70	55	205	85	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	20	20	0	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	65	35	30	30	10	25
Africa	0	0	0	15	0	15	770	370	400
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	55
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	0	305	155	145
Asia	25	15	15	105	45	60	6,675	3,255	3,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	90	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	50	30	20	75	20	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,265	595	670
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
India	0	0	0	25	15	15	3,940	1,965	1,980
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	295	310
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10	225	90	135
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10	10	0	30	20	0	2,445	1,130	1,310
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0	1,975	915	1,060
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	635	695
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	170	245
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,830	6,310	6,520
First generation¹⁰⁰	140	75	65	345	170	175	8,525	4,180	4,350
Second generation¹⁰¹	85	25	60	285	150	135	3,475	1,725	1,745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	260	150	110	655	345	300	830	405	425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	65	35	30	245	135	110	7,905	3,845	4,055
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	25	15	10	185	95	95	4,200	2,230	1,970
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	70	40	30	1,845	1,230	615
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	10	0	0	120	55	60	2,355	1,000	1,355
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	20	20	35	30	10	2,875	1,175	1,700
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	25	10	15	770	400	370
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	65	35	30	245	135	110	7,905	3,845	4,055
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	215	105
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	25	20	0	795	365	435
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	45	30	20	775	525	245
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	35	10	25	175	80	90	5,930	2,695	3,235
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,830	6,310	6,520
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	90	50	40	200	95	105	11,765	5,790	5,970
South Asian	25	20	0	60	30	35	7,195	3,635	3,560
Chinese	45	25	25	80	45	40	195	90	105
Black	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	570	625
Filipino	0	0	0	15	0	15	1,655	765	895
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	120
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	125
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0	0	0	230	95	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	395	200	200	1,080	575	505	1,065	515	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	490	255	235	1,280	665	615	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian	50	35	15	180	105	75	445	180	265
English	105	50	50	305	165	140	265	110	155
Irish	110	60	55	190	110	80	265	120	145
Scottish	90	35	55	245	120	125	235	130	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	35	25	75	35	40	145	80	65
German	95	65	30	245	135	110	265	120	150
Chinese	45	25	20	105	55	45	285	110	175
Italian	0	0	0	65	35	30	70	35	35
Indian (India)	0	0	0	45	15	30	3,355	1,705	1,650
Ukrainian	25	10	20	90	40	50	120	45	75
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Polish	25	0	20	65	35	30	70	25	45
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	25	0	95	45	45	30	0	25
Filipino	0	0	0	15	0	15	1,585	730	860
French Canadian	15	10	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	45	25	15	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	25	20	0	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	15	15	35	15	20	75	35	35
Russian	0	0	0	55	20	35	60	15	45
Norwegian	20	10	10	25	10	15	45	15	35
Welsh	0	0	0	30	10	20	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	40	10	30	30	15	20	35	15	25
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0	130	45	80
Swedish	10	0	10	60	45	15	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	10	30	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	335
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	120	135
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	775	775
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
Romanian	0	0	0	15	15	0	35	25	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	550	555
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	225
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	20	15	10	15	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	15	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	100
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	45	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	490	255	235	1,280	670	610	12,830	6,310	6,520
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	85
Christian	155	80	80	815	440	375	3,660	1,740	1,920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	35	15	15	155	70	80	965	435	525
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	25	15	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catholic	50	30	20	385	225	155	1,940	940	995
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	15	10	10	105	60	45
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	30	15	10	20	10	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	30	15	15	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	90	120
Presbyterian	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	15	10	0	100	55	45	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	10	10	30	10	20	135	65	70
Hindu	0	0	0	35	15	15	1,440	740	700
Jewish	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,070	1,040
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,215	2,105	2,115
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	290	145	145	430	215	220	1,270	605	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	490	255	235	1,275	660	615	12,495	6,125	6,365
Non-movers	445	240	205	1,185	610	575	10,085	4,950	5,140
Movers	40	15	30	95	55	35	2,410	1,175	1,230
Non-migrants	40	15	30	40	25	15	1,795	885	905
Migrants	0	0	0	55	35	25	610	295	320
Internal migrants	0	0	0	50	30	25	420	215	205
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	15	0	165	75	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	35	15	20	255	145	115
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	470	240	235	1,220	645	580	11,265	5,520	5,745
Non-movers	245	110	135	925	480	445	2,500	1,290	1,215
Movers	225	125	100	295	160	140	8,765	4,235	4,530
Non-migrants	145	75	70	215	115	100	6,065	2,940	3,130
Migrants	85	50	35	80	45	35	2,700	1,295	1,400
Internal migrants	65	30	35	60	35	30	1,215	620	595
Intraprovincial migrants	50	20	30	20	15	10	440	215	225
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	40	20	20	770	405	365
External migrants	20	20	0	20	10	0	1,485	675	805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	210	220	1,025	515	510	9,480	4,630	4,850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	15	40	100	60	35	1,625	775	850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	370	195	180	930	455	475	7,855	3,855	4,000
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	285	135	150	655	310	345	7,390	3,595	3,795
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15	0	15	25	15	10	925	425	500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	270	135	130	630	295	330	6,465	3,170	3,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	210	215	1,025	515	510	9,480	4,630	4,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	15	30	95	65	30	1,515	720	795
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	75	40	35	290	135	155	2,145	1,155	990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	165	150	645	320	325	5,820	2,750	3,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	55	50	185	90	95	2,145	1,070	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	10	55	40	15	345	235	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	10	20	10	10	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	35	30	0	195	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	30	40	115	55	60	1,280	590	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	0	20	520	245	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	210	105	105	460	230	230	3,670	1,680	1,990
Bachelor's degree	130	55	75	350	170	185	2,405	1,100	1,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	25	0	25	170	75	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	10	0	70	35	35
Master's degree	60	45	15	55	40	15	1,000	455	545
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	10	10	0	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	285	140	145	655	310	340	7,390	3,595	3,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	25	15	10	820	375	450
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	15	15	110	50	60	1,410	815	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	245	120	120	515	250	270	5,155	2,405	2,755
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	35	45	155	80	75	1,800	880	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	35	25	10	290	195	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	15	10	10	115	65	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	15	15	0	180	135	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	95	50	45	1,065	475	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	0	15	445	205	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	170	85	85	365	165	195	3,360	1,525	1,835
Bachelor's degree	105	35	65	280	125	160	2,175	985	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	20	0	15	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	10	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	45	40	0	35	25	10	945	430	515
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	15	10	0	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	430	210	215	1,030	520	510	9,480	4,625	4,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	50	70	385	190	185	3,660	1,875	1,785
Education	30	0	25	90	30	65	200	15	180
13. Education	30	0	25	90	30	65	200	15	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	0	0	0	85	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	0	0	0	85	25	55
Humanities	0	0	0	25	0	20	430	170	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	30	70	25	45	425	125	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	20	0	20	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	10	0	10	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	30	15	20	180	80	100
Business, management and public administration	55	35	20	160	80	80	1,510	670	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	30	20	155	80	75	1,455	655	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	10	40	25	20	290	125	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	0	20	15	0	90	25	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	15	0	15	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	20	15	0	540	300	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	15	15	0	445	250	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	40	0	140	125	15	1,115	955	160
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
14. Engineering	15	15	0	75	50	15	570	445	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	35	0	230	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	20	20	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	145	145	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Health and related fields	50	10	40	70	15	55	965	215	750
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	60	10	55	950	205	745
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	15	0	10	195	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	10	0	10	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	140	145	655	310	345	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	40	15	20	135	65	70	2,235	1,190	1,040
Education	20	0	20	80	25	55	170	15	155
13. Education	20	0	20	80	25	55	170	15	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	30	50
Humanities	10	0	0	15	0	15	340	130	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	10	20	45	15	35	360	110	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	15	0	15	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	20	0	20	170	70	100
Business, management and public administration	50	30	25	135	65	70	1,325	580	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	25	125	65	65	1,270	560	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	10	35	15	20	250	105	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	0	15	10	0	80	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	15	0	15	85	35	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0	500	265	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0	415	225	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	25	0	115	100	15	1,005	860	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	10	10	0	60	45	15	530	415	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	35	0	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	130	130	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Health and related fields	40	10	30	65	10	50	885	190	700
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	50	0	50	870	170	695
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	10	0	0	170	80	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	140	145	655	310	345	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40	15	20	135	65	70	2,235	1,190	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	245	125	125	520	245	270	5,155	2,405	2,755
Location of study inside Canada	185	80	110	405	200	200	2,000	910	1,085
Same as province or territory of residence	120	55	65	290	155	135	1,375	550	825
Different than province or territory of residence	60	25	35	110	50	60	625	360	260
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	45	15	120	45	70	3,160	1,495	1,665
Americas	25	10	15	15	10	0	80	40	40
United States of America	25	10	15	10	10	0	60	25	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	45	20	25	100	45	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	20	0	15	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Asia	0	0	0	45	15	30	2,755	1,290	1,470
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	10	15	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10	590	275	320
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	0	1,775	830	940
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	120
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	430	210	215	1,025	515	510	9,480	4,630	4,855
In the labour force	275	135	135	745	395	355	7,345	3,865	3,480
Employed	250	130	120	670	355	320	6,510	3,490	3,015
Unemployed	30	15	20	75	40	35	835	375	460
Not in the labour force	150	70	80	280	120	160	2,135	765	1,375
Participation rate	64.0	64.3	62.8	72.7	76.7	69.6	77.5	83.5	71.7
Employment rate	58.1	61.9	55.8	65.4	68.9	62.7	68.7	75.4	62.1
Unemployment rate	10.9	11.1	14.8	10.1	10.1	9.9	11.4	9.7	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	430	210	215	1,025	520	510	9,480	4,625	4,850
Did not work¹⁸⁶	140	65	75	310	135	170	2,675	1,100	1,580
Worked	290	145	145	720	380	335	6,805	3,530	3,270
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	125	65	60	430	235	195	3,300	1,970	1,330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	165	75	85	290	145	145	3,505	1,560	1,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.0	35.6	36.4	42.2	40.8	44.0	39.6	41.6	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	280	140	135	750	395	350	7,345	3,865	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	35	10	20	215	105	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	265	135	125	710	385	330	7,125	3,760	3,370
Employee	245	120	120	605	315	295	6,155	3,020	3,135
Permanent position	205	100	105	495	245	250	5,235	2,630	2,605
Temporary position	40	25	15	110	70	45	925	390	530
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	10	0	25	10	15	285	115	170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	20	10	85	55	30	640	275	365
Self-employed¹⁹²	15	15	0	100	65	40	970	735	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	280	140	135	750	395	350	7,345	3,865	3,475
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	35	10	20	215	105	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	265	135	125	710	385	330	7,125	3,760	3,370
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30	15	10	120	50	65	965	315	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	35	0	100	80	15	570	430	140
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	70	10	55	615	85	530
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	55	20	35	120	30	90	540	160	380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	20	20	0	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	75	25	50	165	95	70	2,140	875	1,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	75	65	10	1,840	1,590	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	15	10	0	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	10	0	0	295	180	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	280	140	135	750	395	350	7,345	3,865	3,475
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	35	10	20	215	105	110
All industries¹⁹¹	265	135	125	710	385	330	7,125	3,760	3,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	35	20	15	140	115	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	15	10	0	30	15	15
23 Construction	0	0	0	30	30	0	445	390	55
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	10	10	0	400	280	115
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	15	10	0	200	140	65
44-45 Retail trade	45	20	25	85	45	45	1,170	545	625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	10	35	20	20	1,270	985	280
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	25	25	0	135	70	65
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	0	30	15	10	220	105	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20	10	15	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	35	10	120	70	50	395	230	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	10	10	0	385	225	160
61 Educational services	40	10	25	75	25	45	250	85	165
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	35	110	20	90	985	110	870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	20	25	0	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	30	20	10	525	200	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	10	0	10	0	10	210	95	115
91 Public administration	10	0	0	30	20	10	195	90	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	305	155	150	755	395	355	7,645	3,945	3,700
English	285	155	135	740	395	340	6,650	3,380	3,275
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
English and French	15	0	15	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	425	305
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	305	155	150	755	395	355	7,645	3,945	3,700
Single responses	305	155	150	755	395	355	7,470	3,840	3,625
Official languages	305	155	150	755	395	355	7,115	3,635	3,475
English	305	155	150	745	395	350	7,095	3,620	3,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	185	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	165	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	100	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	305	155	150	755	395	355	7,645	3,945	3,700
None	285	155	135	745	395	350	7,025	3,595	3,435
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	50
French	15	0	15	0	0	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	250	125	120	670	350	315	6,505	3,490	3,015
Worked at home	65	45	20	230	110	120	925	465	465
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	20	15	0	80	55	20	1,250	925	330
Usual place of work	160	65	95	365	190	180	4,310	2,090	2,220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	160	65	95	360	190	180	4,315	2,095	2,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	155	65	90	350	180	165	3,420	1,630	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	0	0	790	410	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	0	10	60	35	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	185	85	100	445	245	200	5,565	3,015	2,545
Car, truck or van	140	65	80	385	210	170	4,945	2,795	2,145
Car, truck or van - as a driver	135	60	80	345	195	150	4,590	2,710	1,880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	30	15	20	355	85	265
Public transit	20	15	10	15	10	0	455	150	305
Walked	10	0	0	30	15	15	40	15	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	15	10	0	125	55	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	185	85	100	445	245	200	5,565	3,015	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	70	20	50	105	45	60	830	370	455
15 to 29 minutes	80	35	45	185	95	90	2,695	1,485	1,210
30 to 44 minutes	25	25	0	140	95	45	1,455	860	595
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	160	100
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	10	10	0	325	140	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	185	85	100	445	245	200	5,565	3,015	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	30	20	10	450	295	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	15	35	70	50	15	870	515	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	35	0	135	65	70	1,040	520	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	20	35	110	55	55	930	445	485
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	25	50	20	40	890	440	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	0	50	35	15	1,385	800	585
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	85	35	45	350	185	160	3,765	1,890	1,870
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	10	5	5	165	85	80
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	30	40	335	180	155	3,595	1,810	1,785
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	30	30	285	155	125	2,235	1,115	1,115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	10	5	0	115	55	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	0	0	0	65	35	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	5	5	5	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	25	25	275	155	120	2,120	1,060	1,055

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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