Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060370More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062559More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,091	...	...	14,189	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	365	...	...	5,860	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	359	...	...	5,333	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,172.4	...	...	708.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.34	...	...	20.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,095	570	525	14,190	6,955	7,230
0 to 14 years	205	110	95	3,565	1,865	1,700
0 to 4 years	60	35	30	1,410	735	675
5 to 9 years	70	40	25	1,295	690	600
10 to 14 years	75	35	40	865	440	425
15 to 64 years	750	390	360	9,305	4,525	4,780
15 to 19 years	70	45	20	545	270	280
20 to 24 years	75	45	30	650	305	345
25 to 29 years	50	20	25	1,065	455	615
30 to 34 years	75	35	40	1,600	735	865
35 to 39 years	75	40	40	1,765	890	875
40 to 44 years	70	35	40	1,365	720	640
45 to 49 years	65	25	40	875	480	395
50 to 54 years	90	40	45	525	265	265
55 to 59 years	105	55	50	465	215	245
60 to 64 years	80	45	35	445	195	250
65 years and over	130	65	65	1,315	565	750
65 to 69 years	65	25	35	405	155	250
70 to 74 years	45	25	15	345	150	190
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	235	110	130
80 to 84 years	15	10	10	155	70	85
85 years and over	10	5	5	180	80	100
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	115	45	70
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	55	35	20
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.7	19.3	18.1	25.1	26.8	23.5
15 to 64 years	68.5	68.4	68.6	65.6	65.1	66.1
65 years and over	11.9	11.4	12.4	9.3	8.1	10.4
85 years and over	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.4
Average age of the population	39.0	37.9	40.2	33.5	32.8	34.3
Median age of the population	40.0	38.0	41.6	34.0	34.0	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	360	...	...	5,330	...	...
Single-detached house	350	...	...	2,495	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	460	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	455	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	125	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	355	...	...	5,335	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	1,305	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	1,620	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	900	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	990	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	520	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,090	570	525	14,045	6,895	7,155
Average household size	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	885	455	425	10,625	5,095	5,530
Married or living common-law	565	280	285	7,345	3,675	3,665
Married	500	250	250	6,175	3,085	3,090
Living common-law	65	30	35	1,170	595	580
Living common law - Never married	45	25	25	975	485	490
Living common law - Separated	0	0	5	35	15	15
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	10	155	90	65
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	315	175	145	3,275	1,420	1,860
Not married and not living common law - Never married	235	150	85	2,150	1,060	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	235	95	140
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	5	20	520	185	340
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	35	10	25	365	75	290
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	310	...	...	3,960	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	1,655	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	930	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	995	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	3,960	...	...
Total couple families	280	...	...	3,590	...	...
Married couples	245	...	...	3,005	...	...
With children⁶	165	...	...	1,980	...	...
Without children	80	...	...	1,020	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	585	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	180	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	400	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	370	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	290	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,090	565	525	14,045	6,895	7,155
Total - Persons in census families	995	520	475	12,095	6,045	6,050
Married spouses or common-law partners	555	275	280	7,180	3,595	3,580
Parents in one-parent families	35	10	25	375	80	290
Children⁶	400	230	170	4,545	2,365	2,180
In a two-parent family	345	195	150	3,980	2,070	1,910
In a one-parent family	60	40	25	565	295	270
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	95	45	50	1,950	855	1,100
Living alone	50	25	25	1,305	545	755
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	15	270	110	160
Living with non-relatives only	15	15	10	375	195	180
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	360	...	...	5,335	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	265	...	...	3,515	...	...
Couple-family households	245	...	...	3,200	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...	1,925	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	1,275	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	305	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...	175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	130	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	180	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	1,305	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	885	460	425	10,480	5,025	5,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	835	430	405	10,065	4,840	5,225
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	52,800	38,400	57,600	73,500	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	835	430	405	10,065	4,840	5,225
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,400	34,400	50,000	60,800	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	770	400	365	9,490	4,640	4,850
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	49,200	30,800	55,600	72,500	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	635	335	300	8,345	4,165	4,180
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	57,200	34,800	56,800	72,500	44,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	355	360	8,685	4,025	4,660
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	4,520	9,100	4,960	1,490	7,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	50	50	1,245	460	780
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,600	5,360	6,080	5,480	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	255	120	135	2,840	1,235	1,605
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	845	450	390	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	815	435	380	10,080	4,885	5,195
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,000	61,600	47,400	75,100	92,900	58,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	815	435	380	10,080	4,885	5,195
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	50,600	40,600	60,900	73,400	49,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	750	405	340	9,465	4,650	4,820
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,600	57,800	42,000	72,000	91,600	53,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	625	345	280	8,390	4,195	4,195
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	57,200	43,600	68,800	84,500	53,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	710	370	340	8,705	4,045	4,660
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,660	8,520	10,920	8,590	6,920	10,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	45	55	1,345	520	825
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	8,400	5,000	7,840	5,600	9,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	130	120	2,905	1,370	1,535
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,800	9,600	8,940	8,750	9,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	850	450	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	270	165	105	4,650	2,635	2,015
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	67,500	60,400	82,000	91,000	70,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,000	87,000	75,000	94,200	107,300	77,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	240	130	110	2,930	1,170	1,750
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	20,000	23,600	24,800	30,600	22,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	34,000	29,600	39,280	50,200	32,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.8	88.0	79.5	90.2	93.8	84.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.5	74.0	68.0	76.2	78.2	73.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.4	11.8	20.6	9.9	6.2	15.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	0.6	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.1	7.2	3.8	2.8	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	3.8	6.2	3.4	2.7	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	885	455	425	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without total income	50	30	20	420	190	225
With total income	840	425	410	10,060	4,835	5,230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	90	45	45	725	250	470
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	50	670	240	435
$20,000 to $29,999	115	50	65	1,035	360	675
$30,000 to $39,999	100	45	55	930	325	600
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	35	960	390	575
$50,000 to $59,999	80	35	45	910	370	535
$60,000 to $69,999	70	40	30	765	345	415
$70,000 to $79,999	50	25	25	690	360	335
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	20	620	325	290
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	500	275	225
$100,000 and over	115	90	25	2,260	1,580	675
$100,000 to $149,999	80	60	25	1,405	905	500
$150,000 and over	40	30	5	850	680	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	885	455	425	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without after-tax income	50	30	20	420	190	225
With after-tax income	840	425	410	10,060	4,835	5,230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	45	50	760	260	505
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	50	695	260	435
$20,000 to $29,999	135	55	75	1,185	405	780
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	60	1,160	440	720
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	50	1,230	515	715
$50,000 to $59,999	85	50	40	1,030	485	550
$60,000 to $69,999	65	25	35	925	475	445
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	15	730	385	345
$80,000 to $89,999	40	20	15	590	335	260
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	5	495	315	175
$100,000 and over	55	45	10	1,255	955	300
$100,000 to $124,999	30	30	5	560	395	170
$125,000 and over	25	20	5	695	565	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	885	455	425	10,485	5,030	5,455
Without employment income	250	120	130	2,140	865	1,275
With employment income	635	340	300	8,345	4,160	4,180
Under $5,000 (including loss)	80	40	40	800	330	465
$5,000 to $9,999	35	10	25	435	145	290
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	40	730	265	470
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	565	195	365
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	30	555	225	330
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	25	650	270	380
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	30	655	285	365
$60,000 to $69,999	55	35	20	600	295	310
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	15	530	295	240
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	495	265	235
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	430	230	195
$100,000 and over	95	75	20	1,900	1,365	535
$100,000 to $124,999	50	35	15	825	530	295
$125,000 and over	45	40	10	1,075	835	235
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	885	460	425	10,480	5,025	5,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	825	415	410	9,840	4,715	5,125
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,200	33,600	58,000	75,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	830	415	410	9,840	4,715	5,125
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	30,800	50,000	62,000	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	750	395	355	9,345	4,575	4,765
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,800	34,000	57,200	75,000	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	640	340	305	8,265	4,145	4,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,000	36,400	58,400	74,500	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	680	330	350	8,225	3,840	4,395
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,600	970	4,360	1,010	890	2,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	75	30	40	855	295	555
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,120	6,000	7,500	4,520	9,700
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	845	450	390	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	800	425	380	9,900	4,760	5,140
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,900	64,400	46,400	76,600	97,700	57,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	805	425	385	9,900	4,760	5,140
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,900	53,400	39,800	61,250	75,900	47,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	735	405	330	9,325	4,580	4,750
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,000	62,200	46,200	76,800	98,600	55,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	625	345	280	8,300	4,175	4,125
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,200	62,200	48,400	72,200	88,100	56,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	660	330	325	8,305	3,840	4,455
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,820	7,360	5,044	3,484	6,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	25	35	835	275	560
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,940	7,050	11,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	850	450	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	265	160	105	4,620	2,640	1,980
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	70,000	62,800	81,000	91,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,000	88,000	72,000	90,900	104,300	73,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	230	130	105	2,740	1,105	1,635
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	34,800	28,000	39,600	49,200	34,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,000	45,000	38,000	51,160	66,200	41,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.4	93.0	86.0	94.4	97.2	90.2
Employment income (%)	78.5	79.5	77.0	79.0	79.0	79.0
Government transfers (%)	9.6	7.1	13.7	5.5	2.9	9.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.1	0.4	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	355	...	...	5,335	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	1,305	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	305	...	...	4,030	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	115,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	72,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	4,055	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	159,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	128,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	355	...	...	5,335	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	220	...	...	3,140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	565	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	885	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	355	...	...	5,335	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	90	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	175	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	355	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	2,635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	665	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	1,200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	310	...	...	3,890	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	1,300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	2,160	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	70	35	30	1,685	745	940
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,800	61,200	52,800	56,400	63,200	51,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	51,200	46,800	48,000	52,800	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	290	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	160,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	129,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	2,175	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	144,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	365	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	75,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	70	40	35	1,645	685	960
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	74,000	72,000	76,000	77,600	96,800	63,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,000	60,000	64,000	65,200	81,200	53,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,095	565	525	14,050	6,890	7,155
0 to 17 years	245	140	110	3,925	2,050	1,880
0 to 5 years	75	45	35	1,725	910	810
18 to 64 years	710	360	350	8,930	4,335	4,595
65 years and over	130	65	65	1,190	510	680
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	35	15	20	795	355	445
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	220	105	120
0 to 5 years	10	0	10	90	40	50
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	470	215	255
65 years and over	0	5	5	110	35	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.4	2.8	4.0	5.7	5.1	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	4.0	8.0	5.6	5.0	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	20.0	5.2	4.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.5	3.2	5.2	4.9	5.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	9.2	7.2	10.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,090	565	525	14,045	6,895	7,155
0 to 17 years	250	140	110	3,930	2,045	1,880
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	1,725	915	815
18 to 64 years	710	365	345	8,935	4,335	4,595
65 years and over	135	65	70	1,185	510	675
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	10	15	495	230	270
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	115	50	65
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	20	5	10	330	155	170
65 years and over	5	0	0	50	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.0	2.8	3.5	3.3	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	x	4.0	3.0	2.5	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	x	12.0	2.8	2.4	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.0	2.5	3.6	3.6	3.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	4.4	3.6	4.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,095	570	525	14,050	6,890	7,155
In bottom half of the distribution	395	205	185	4,420	2,055	2,365
In bottom decile	40	15	20	705	325	380
In second decile	85	45	40	725	310	420
In third decile	75	45	30	820	400	420
In fourth decile	100	50	50	1,025	480	540
In fifth decile	100	55	45	1,140	540	600
In top half of the distribution	695	360	335	9,630	4,835	4,790
In sixth decile	130	70	60	1,380	675	705
In seventh decile	170	90	75	1,675	835	835
In eighth decile	150	75	75	1,750	865	880
In ninth decile	130	65	65	2,245	1,140	1,110
In top decile	120	65	60	2,575	1,325	1,255
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,090	...	...	14,045	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...	0.320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.362	...	...	0.380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.247	...	...	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
English only	980	510	470	12,980	6,410	6,570
French only	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	75	40	35	870	410	465
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	205	80	125
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
English	1,040	545	495	13,595	6,685	6,910
French	20	10	5	190	95	95
English and French	0	0	0	75	40	35
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	200	80	120
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
Single responses	1,040	540	500	13,310	6,515	6,790
Official languages	730	395	340	9,595	4,760	4,835
English	720	385	330	9,410	4,665	4,745
French	10	5	10	185	95	90
Non-official languages	310	145	160	3,710	1,760	1,955
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	305	145	160	3,710	1,760	1,955
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	235	130	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	225	125	105
Amharic	5	0	5	15	10	10
Arabic	20	10	5	175	100	75
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	10	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	95	45	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	5	0	0	85	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	650	295	355
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	15	565	255	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	60	55	1,930	910	1,015
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	465	220	245
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	465	220	245
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	75	35	40
Russian	10	0	5	255	115	135
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	65	40	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	20	20	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	115	55	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5	65	35	35
German	10	5	5	70	35	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30	565	265	310
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	530	240	285
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	20	5	10
Gujarati	10	5	5	110	50	60
Hindi	0	0	0	90	40	50
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	155	70	85
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	15	5	5	115	50	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	40	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian languages	25	10	10	35	20	15
Dari	20	5	10	10	5	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	760	365	400
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	50	40
Romanian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Spanish	10	5	5	585	275	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	15	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	150	70	80
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	80	40	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	35	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55	355	160	190
Chinese languages	95	45	55	350	160	190
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	225	105	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	30	35	110	50	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	25	755	385	365
English and French	5	5	5	75	45	35
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	590	305	285
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	70	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
English	745	400	340	9,710	4,795	4,915
French	0	0	0	45	25	20
Non-official language	90	35	50	970	465	505
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	90	35	50	970	465	505
English and French	10	5	5	155	85	75
English and non-official language(s)	245	115	125	3,030	1,475	1,555
French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	70	30	45
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
Single responses	1,045	540	495	13,315	6,525	6,790
Official languages	860	460	400	11,115	5,475	5,640
English	860	455	405	11,050	5,440	5,610
French	0	0	0	65	35	35
Non-official languages	185	85	95	2,205	1,050	1,150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	85	95	2,205	1,050	1,150
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	135	65	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	5	0	5	105	55	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	380	180	195
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	340	165	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	15	5
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	30	1,145	550	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	265	135	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	260	125	130
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	160	75	80
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	370	170	200
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	345	160	190
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	5	95	45	50
Hindi	0	0	0	55	25	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	45	50
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	10	5	5	60	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	5	20	10	10
Dari	10	5	5	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	505	245	260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Spanish	5	0	5	415	200	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	115	50	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	30	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	225	105	120
Chinese languages	80	35	45	225	105	120
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	10	175	85	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	30	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	745	380	365
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	710	360	350
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,090	565	525	14,060	6,900	7,155
None	880	465	415	11,330	5,595	5,730
English	75	40	35	1,050	500	545
French	10	5	0	125	65	65
Non-official language	95	45	55	1,230	585	650
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	55	1,230	585	645
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	110	60	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	155	75	75
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,035	560	480	14,180	6,935	7,250
Official languages	1,005	550	455	13,960	6,850	7,115
English	1,005	550	455	13,960	6,850	7,115
French	40	25	15	810	380	430
Non-official languages	405	195	210	5,125	2,510	2,615
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	195	210	5,125	2,510	2,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	45	510	260	250
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	45	495	255	240
Amharic	20	10	10	45	30	20
Arabic	60	30	30	325	180	145
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	105	40	65
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	70	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	50	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	825	365	465
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	785	350	435
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	210	100	110
Kannada	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	80	35	40
Telugu	0	0	0	145	70	75
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	80	85	2,705	1,300	1,400
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	10	545	245	300
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	20	10	545	245	300
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Russian	15	10	10	325	145	180
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	115	60	55
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Serbian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	145	65	80
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10	70	35	40
German	15	0	10	70	35	40
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	35	10	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	20	1,055	525	525
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	20	950	485	465
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	130	125
Hindi	20	10	10	415	200	215
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Marathi	0	0	0	50	25	25
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	315	165	150
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	230	115	115
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	45	65
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Dari	0	0	0	75	40	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	1,025	485	535
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	30	40	25	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	65	75
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Spanish	20	15	10	850	410	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	20
Korean	0	0	0	165	85	80
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	220	125	95
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	10
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	120	75	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	55	490	255	230
Chinese languages	100	50	50	490	255	230
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	295	145	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	40	40	215	115	95
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Lao	0	0	0	40	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,035	555	475	14,180	6,935	7,250
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20	405	170	235
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	20	400	165	235
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	130	50	75
Métis	20	0	20	275	115	155
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,010	550	460	13,775	6,765	7,010
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,035	555	475	14,180	6,935	7,250
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	75	20	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,035	555	475	14,105	6,910	7,190
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Owner	315	...	...	3,975	...	...
Renter	35	...	...	1,360	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,890	...	...
Not condominium	350	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	760	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	1,365	...	...
3 bedrooms	190	...	...	1,760	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...	1,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	30	...	...	2,110	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	710	...	...
6 rooms	60	...	...	715	...	...
7 rooms	65	...	...	560	...	...
8 or more rooms	135	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	5,205	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Suitable	335	...	...	5,150	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	315	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	1,215	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	4,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	340	...	...	5,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
One-maintainer household	135	...	...	2,330	...	...
Two-maintainer household	195	...	...	2,870	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	225	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	1,380	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	1,710	...	...
45 to 54 years	70	...	...	870	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...	495	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	395	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	170	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	350	...	...	5,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	300	...	...	4,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	1,265	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	350	...	...	5,330	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	1,435	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	50	...	...	1,225	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	155	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	280	...	...	3,890	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	345	...	...	5,150	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	300	...	...
Not in core need	325	...	...	4,855	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	315	...	...	3,975	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.4	...	...	88.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.1	...	...	18.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	2,412	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	520,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	460,000	...	...	569,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35	...	...	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	40.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,940	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,702	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,035	555	475	14,185	6,935	7,245
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	85	40	45
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	85	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	40	10	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	45	30	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	30	0	20	375	155	225
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	30	0	20	360	155	210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	215	100	115
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	145	55	90
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,005	550	455	13,720	6,740	6,985
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,035	555	480	14,185	6,935	7,250
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	995	540	455	12,395	6,085	6,305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	215	130	85	3,740	1,915	1,830
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	780	415	370	8,650	4,175	4,475
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	35	15	25	1,785	845	945
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,035	555	480	14,185	6,935	7,250
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	710	405	310	9,535	4,705	4,830
Immigrants⁸¹	325	155	170	4,375	2,105	2,270
Before 1980	55	30	20	295	135	160
1980 to 1990	40	20	15	220	95	125
1991 to 2000	35	15	15	440	225	215
2001 to 2010	85	40	40	1,330	690	635
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	45	65	2,095	960	1,135
2011 to 2015	110	45	65	1,085	465	620
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	1,015	500	510
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	270	130	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	325	155	170	4,375	2,105	2,275
Under 5 years	25	15	10	460	205	260
5 to 14 years	70	35	40	685	335	350
15 to 24 years	55	35	20	670	295	380
25 to 44 years	145	60	80	2,185	1,075	1,105
45 years and over	25	10	20	380	195	180
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	325	155	170	4,375	2,105	2,275
Americas	20	15	10	685	335	345
Brazil	0	0	0	95	45	50
Colombia	0	0	0	100	55	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	15	20
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	70	40	35
Peru	0	0	0	40	25	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	15	10	0	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	185	75	110
Europe	60	35	25	765	390	375
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	30	10	20
France	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	20	0	20
Poland	0	0	0	25	0	25
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	75	35	40
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	70	30	40
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	270	145	125
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	140	75	60
Africa	60	20	35	575	295	285
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	55	30	30
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Morocco	0	0	0	20	0	20
Nigeria	20	10	15	225	120	100
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	20	165	75	85
Asia	180	85	95	2,320	1,065	1,255
Afghanistan	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	65	25	45	215	110	105
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	10	45	25	20
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	90	45	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	735	300	440
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	35	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	15	0	0	580	280	300
Pakistan	0	0	0	135	70	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	15	310	135	175
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	30	15	15
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	1,010	500	510
Americas	0	0	0	215	125	95
Brazil	0	0	0	55	35	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States of America	0	0	0	45	30	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	70	35	35
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	15
Europe	0	0	0	125	60	65
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	15	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
Africa	0	0	0	155	85	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	130	75	55
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	515	230	285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	200	90	110
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	190	85	100
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	45	10	40
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,035	560	480	14,180	6,935	7,250
First generation¹⁰⁰	340	165	175	4,790	2,285	2,505
Second generation¹⁰¹	285	155	125	3,245	1,685	1,560
Third generation or more¹⁰²	410	240	175	6,145	2,960	3,185
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	270	120	150	4,080	1,970	2,115
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	155	75	85	2,765	1,420	1,345
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	55	45	10	1,105	735	370
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	100	25	70	1,655	685	970
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	70	20	55	980	380	600
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	30	10	335	170	165
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	270	120	150	4,080	1,970	2,115
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	130	85	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	10	15	635	305	325
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	130	60	70
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	330	195	135
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	240	115	125	2,840	1,320	1,520
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,035	555	475	14,180	6,935	7,250
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	375	185	185	5,680	2,785	2,900
South Asian	35	10	20	1,355	675	675
Chinese	110	60	50	560	285	275
Black	65	35	35	720	370	350
Filipino	0	0	0	1,135	500	635
Arab	75	30	40	285	155	125
Latin American	0	0	0	635	315	315
Southeast Asian	30	15	15	265	125	135
West Asian	0	0	0	160	70	90
Korean	0	0	0	195	100	95
Japanese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	295	150	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	655	370	290	8,500	4,145	4,355
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,030	560	480	14,185	6,935	7,250
Canadian	130	65	65	1,435	765	670
English	210	110	100	2,370	1,165	1,205
Irish	110	60	55	1,825	855	975
Scottish	150	70	75	2,000	985	1,020
French, n.o.s.¹²²	70	45	30	915	455	460
German	140	75	60	1,695	850	845
Chinese	100	50	45	720	355	365
Italian	105	60	40	395	205	195
Indian (India)	30	15	15	835	440	390
Ukrainian	50	35	15	860	380	480
Dutch	45	20	25	475	220	255
Polish	25	20	0	450	215	235
Québécois	0	0	0	25	20	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	25	20	420	180	240
Filipino	0	0	0	1,155	500	660
French Canadian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	255	100	155
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	140	45	90
Métis	15	0	15	210	85	120
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	235	135	100
Russian	20	15	0	400	175	225
Norwegian	55	30	20	335	145	190
Welsh	55	15	35	275	140	130
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	95	50
American	0	0	0	180	100	80
Spanish	0	0	0	335	140	200
Swedish	0	0	0	165	95	70
Hungarian	20	10	10	125	65	60
Acadian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	195	90	110
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	150	70	80
Jewish	0	0	0	105	40	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	90	50	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	190	75	110
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	20	30	135	55	80
Greek	0	0	0	35	25	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	60	30	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	30	25	0
Korean	0	0	0	215	120	95
Romanian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Lebanese	0	0	0	75	55	20
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	230	105	125
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sikh	0	0	0	110	50	60
Austrian	0	0	0	90	50	35
Belgian	0	0	0	110	70	40
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	70	30	40
Mexican	0	0	0	160	75	85
Mennonite	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	85	45	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Japanese	0	0	0	125	60	70
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	40	15	20
Muslim	0	0	0	75	55	25
Egyptian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	120	75	45
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	30	10
Colombian	0	0	0	165	85	80
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	120	50	70
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Nigerian	0	0	0	165	80	90
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	65	35	35
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	40	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	55	15	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	40	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	20	0	15
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	35	20	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	20	15	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0	70	35	40
Australian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	10	45	30	20
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	105	65	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	35	0	35
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albertan	0	0	0	40	10	35
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	10	20
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	105	45	60
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	35	15
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	20	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	30	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	20	20	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,035	555	475	14,180	6,930	7,250
Buddhist	40	20	25	90	55	45
Christian	505	270	235	7,245	3,375	3,870
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	120	55	60	1,580	770	815
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	10	0	10	195	60	130
Baptist	0	0	0	115	50	60
Catholic	160	95	65	3,810	1,805	2,005
Christian Orthodox	45	25	15	275	130	140
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	50	20	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	145	70	70
Lutheran	0	0	0	165	50	110
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	45	30	135	60	75
Presbyterian	0	0	0	105	35	70
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	20	15	10	285	140	145
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	30	30	370	160	210
Hindu	15	10	10	520	260	260
Jewish	0	0	0	70	30	45
Muslim	115	55	55	870	450	425
Sikh	0	0	0	285	140	140
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10	20	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	345	195	150	5,080	2,625	2,455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,025	545	480	13,865	6,780	7,085
Non-movers	955	515	440	10,435	5,150	5,280
Movers	70	35	35	3,425	1,625	1,800
Non-migrants	55	30	30	2,680	1,265	1,415
Migrants	10	0	10	750	365	390
Internal migrants	0	0	0	595	275	320
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	280	140	145
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	315	135	175
External migrants	0	0	0	155	90	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	975	525	455	12,735	6,185	6,550
Non-movers	765	420	350	3,060	1,540	1,525
Movers	210	100	105	9,675	4,645	5,030
Non-migrants	175	90	85	6,675	3,205	3,470
Migrants	35	10	25	3,000	1,435	1,555
Internal migrants	30	10	25	2,100	1,020	1,085
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20	1,185	595	595
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	915	425	490
External migrants	0	0	0	900	420	475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	845	450	390	10,525	5,055	5,470
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	110	70	45	1,000	520	485
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	735	385	350	9,525	4,540	4,985
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	595	295	300	8,190	4,000	4,180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	30	15	405	220	185
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	550	270	280	7,785	3,785	4,000
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	845	455	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	105	60	45	845	405	440
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	240	120	115	2,455	1,255	1,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510	270	240	7,225	3,395	3,825
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	260	155	105	3,100	1,545	1,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	70	20	655	490	165
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	15	0	230	120	110
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	60	15	425	370	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	155	70	85	1,960	860	1,100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	480	190	290
Bachelor's degree or higher	250	115	130	4,125	1,855	2,270
Bachelor's degree	150	70	90	2,935	1,320	1,620
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	220	115	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	170	80	85
Master's degree	90	50	40	735	310	425
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	65	35	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	600	300	295	8,185	4,005	4,185
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	30	15	295	140	150
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	135	60	80	1,580	865	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	210	205	6,310	2,995	3,315
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	125	90	2,555	1,300	1,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	65	20	550	415	135
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	15	0	175	90	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	55	15	370	325	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	120	55	70	1,610	735	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	400	150	250
Bachelor's degree or higher	200	85	115	3,755	1,695	2,065
Bachelor's degree	120	45	70	2,655	1,200	1,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	215	100	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	160	80	80
Master's degree	80	40	35	680	285	395
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	50	25	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	845	455	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	335	180	155	3,300	1,660	1,645
Education	25	0	25	425	95	340
13. Education	25	0	25	425	95	340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	135	55	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	50	45	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	90	15	75
Humanities	20	10	15	260	80	180
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	50	15	35
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	55	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	85	30	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	20	15	10
54. History	0	0	0	35	10	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	725	235	490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	115	40	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	90	0	90
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	110	20	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	160	35	130
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	245	140	105
Business, management and public administration	110	55	55	1,790	770	1,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	60	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	55	45	1,720	765	955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	20	270	105	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	90	20	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	55	20	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	90	55	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	405	290	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	360	255	105
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	155	35	1,495	1,275	220
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	65	40	20	645	540	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	55	45	10	335	265	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	10	215	200	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	175	165	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	90	30	60
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	80	25	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	65	0	60	1,315	295	1,025
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	85	45	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	0	60	1,190	230	960
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	35	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	315	165	150
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	150	25	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	115	90	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	595	300	300	8,190	4,000	4,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	85	90	1,875	1,010	870
Education	20	0	15	355	85	270
13. Education	20	0	15	355	85	270
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	115	45	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	40	35	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	0	75	10	65
Humanities	20	10	15	205	55	150
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	60	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	635	215	420
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	85	30	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	75	0	75
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	90	20	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	145	35	110
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	235	130	105
Business, management and public administration	70	30	35	1,575	670	905
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	60	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	30	30	1,515	665	850
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	20	225	95	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	85	20	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	385	275	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	340	245	95
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	170	130	35	1,310	1,100	210
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	55	35	20	570	470	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	40	35	10	310	240	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	30	0	190	175	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	140	135	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	65	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	80	25	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	75	25	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	60	0	55	1,145	285	855
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	60	40	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	55	0	55	1,040	225	815
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	35	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	280	150	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	140	25	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	100	85	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	595	300	300	8,190	4,000	4,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	85	90	1,875	1,010	870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	420	215	205	6,310	2,995	3,315
Location of study inside Canada	295	160	130	4,330	2,035	2,295
Same as province or territory of residence	225	130	95	3,210	1,500	1,705
Different than province or territory of residence	65	35	35	1,120	530	590
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	125	50	75	1,980	960	1,020
Americas	20	0	20	490	255	225
United States of America	20	0	20	240	145	95
Mexico	0	0	0	50	30	25
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	55	30	25
Colombia	0	0	0	35	20	20
Peru	0	0	0	25	15	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	30	0	25
Europe	30	15	20	345	190	155
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	10	15	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	50	20	30
Ukraine	0	0	0	50	25	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	115	55	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
Africa	0	0	0	230	120	110
Nigeria	0	0	0	140	85	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	15	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	45	15	30
Asia	60	30	30	900	380	520
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	70	40	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	30	10	25
Philippines	0	0	0	345	140	195
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	275	120	155
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Other locations of study in Asia	20	10	10	55	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	20	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	845	455	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
In the labour force	580	325	255	8,080	4,160	3,920
Employed	515	305	210	7,380	3,845	3,540
Unemployed	65	20	40	695	315	380
Not in the labour force	265	130	140	2,445	895	1,555
Participation rate	68.6	71.4	64.6	76.8	82.3	71.7
Employment rate	60.9	67.0	53.2	70.1	76.1	64.7
Unemployment rate	11.2	6.2	15.7	8.6	7.6	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	845	455	395	10,525	5,055	5,470
Did not work¹⁸⁶	315	140	175	2,570	995	1,570
Worked	535	315	220	7,955	4,060	3,900
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	270	170	105	4,795	2,755	2,035
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	260	145	115	3,165	1,295	1,865
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.4	41.2	42.2	43.9	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	575	325	250	8,080	4,160	3,920
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	15	175	85	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	560	315	240	7,910	4,080	3,830
Employee	460	245	215	6,775	3,380	3,395
Permanent position	390	200	190	5,995	3,080	2,915
Temporary position	75	50	25	785	300	480
Fixed term (1 year or more)	20	0	10	210	75	135
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	60	45	10	570	225	345
Self-employed¹⁹²	100	70	30	1,130	695	435
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	575	325	250	8,080	4,160	3,920
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	15	175	85	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	560	315	240	7,910	4,080	3,830
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	125	100	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	80	40	40	1,600	480	1,130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	70	45	20	1,090	815	275
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	980	240	740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	15	45	820	255	560
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	15	10	155	95	65
6 Sales and service occupations	140	60	80	1,590	710	875
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	105	15	1,255	1,130	125
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	0	120	100	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	175	160	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	575	325	250	8,080	4,160	3,920
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	15	175	85	85
All industries¹⁹¹	560	315	240	7,910	4,080	3,830
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	20	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	470	280	190
22 Utilities	20	10	0	120	90	35
23 Construction	60	55	10	810	645	160
31-33 Manufacturing	30	30	0	345	275	70
41 Wholesale trade	15	20	0	280	175	105
44-45 Retail trade	50	15	35	805	385	420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	20	10	435	310	120
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15	135	90	50
52 Finance and insurance	30	20	10	305	150	160
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	135	70	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	30	0	865	490	375
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	10	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	40	10	325	190	135
61 Educational services	40	15	20	465	115	345
62 Health care and social assistance	85	10	75	1,280	250	1,025
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	125	65	55
72 Accommodation and food services	30	15	10	325	155	170
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	305	145	155
91 Public administration	15	10	10	330	185	150
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	600	335	260	8,430	4,280	4,155
English	570	320	250	8,025	4,085	3,940
French	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0	65	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	265	130	135
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	600	335	260	8,430	4,280	4,155
Single responses	595	335	260	8,400	4,260	4,145
Official languages	580	330	250	8,310	4,210	4,100
English	580	330	250	8,285	4,205	4,080
French	0	0	0	25	0	20
Non-official languages	15	0	10	95	50	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	95	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	35	15	20
Chinese languages	15	0	10	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	30	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	600	335	260	8,430	4,280	4,155
None	580	325	250	8,105	4,125	3,980
English	0	0	0	40	15	25
French	0	0	0	60	35	25
Non-official language	0	0	0	190	85	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	190	85	100
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	20	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	515	305	210	7,380	3,850	3,535
Worked at home	150	85	70	2,150	1,020	1,130
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	20	0
No fixed workplace address	115	95	20	1,145	830	315
Usual place of work	250	125	125	4,070	1,975	2,095
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	250	125	125	4,070	1,975	2,095
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	220	110	110	3,700	1,755	1,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	15	0	265	135	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	70	50	20
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	35	30	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	370	220	150	5,210	2,810	2,410
Car, truck or van	360	220	145	4,665	2,560	2,105
Car, truck or van - as a driver	330	205	125	4,430	2,495	1,940
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	35	10	20	235	70	165
Public transit	0	0	0	180	75	105
Walked	0	0	0	200	50	150
Bicycle	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other method	0	0	0	145	105	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	370	220	150	5,210	2,810	2,410
Less than 15 minutes	50	25	25	945	325	620
15 to 29 minutes	205	120	80	2,550	1,485	1,065
30 to 44 minutes	110	75	35	1,170	675	495
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	295	175	115
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	245	145	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	370	220	150	5,210	2,810	2,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	10	10	330	235	95
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	70	45	25	1,045	600	450
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	105	55	45	1,585	840	740
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	20	35	960	490	470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	25	25	600	275	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	70	60	10	690	365	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	255	145	115	3,965	2,065	1,900
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	0	275	145	130
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	240	135	110	3,685	1,920	1,770
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	185	105	80	2,430	1,255	1,175
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	175	95	85
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	95	45	50
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	80	50	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	100	80	2,250	1,165	1,090

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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