Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060314More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			Division No. 6, Census division (CDR)More information: Alberta [Census division] Remove			48061608More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	741	...	...	1,590,639	...	...	272	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,498,778	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	6.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	338	...	...	638,160	...	...	91	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	307	...	...	604,628	...	...	90	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,234.3	...	...	126.1	...	...	4,831.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.18	...	...	12,614.18	...	...	0.06	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	740	405	335	1,590,640	790,320	800,320	270	140	135
0 to 14 years	90	45	40	294,075	151,285	142,785	40	20	15
0 to 4 years	40	25	20	89,790	46,155	43,630	10	5	0
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	100,905	51,680	49,225	15	10	5
10 to 14 years	25	15	10	103,380	53,450	49,930	15	10	10
15 to 64 years	590	325	270	1,074,770	535,540	539,230	210	100	110
15 to 19 years	35	15	15	92,025	47,355	44,675	25	15	15
20 to 24 years	80	40	35	91,515	47,260	44,260	30	20	15
25 to 29 years	105	65	45	101,235	50,320	50,915	10	10	0
30 to 34 years	105	60	45	123,235	60,255	62,980	10	5	10
35 to 39 years	80	50	35	132,045	64,950	67,095	10	5	5
40 to 44 years	35	25	15	121,735	60,110	61,625	20	5	10
45 to 49 years	40	25	15	111,345	55,485	55,860	20	10	10
50 to 54 years	20	10	15	103,325	51,835	51,490	30	10	20
55 to 59 years	45	15	30	101,580	50,260	51,320	30	15	15
60 to 64 years	40	20	15	96,735	47,710	49,020	20	10	10
65 years and over	60	40	20	221,795	103,495	118,300	25	15	15
65 to 69 years	35	25	10	78,095	38,250	39,845	10	5	5
70 to 74 years	15	5	5	58,785	28,310	30,475	10	5	0
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	36,570	17,235	19,340	0	0	0
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	23,750	10,405	13,350	0	0	0
85 years and over	5	0	5	24,595	9,300	15,290	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	15,285	6,230	9,050	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	7,425	2,580	4,850	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	1,655	445	1,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	225	45	180	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.2	11.1	11.9	18.5	19.1	17.8	14.8	14.3	11.1
15 to 64 years	79.7	80.2	80.6	67.6	67.8	67.4	77.8	71.4	81.5
65 years and over	8.1	9.9	6.0	13.9	13.1	14.8	9.3	10.7	11.1
85 years and over	0.7	0.0	1.5	1.5	1.2	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	35.6	35.7	35.6	38.9	38.3	39.6	38.6	37.2	40.4
Median age of the population	32.4	32.4	32.8	38.4	38.0	39.2	42.0	37.6	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	305	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
Single-detached house	20	...	...	351,925	...	...	90	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	39,065	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	57,180	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	21,855	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	240	...	...	89,225	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	40,750	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	380	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	4,250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	305	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	151,770	...	...	15	...	...
2 persons	115	...	...	196,980	...	...	20	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	96,165	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	97,780	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	61,930	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	645	340	305	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	275	135	135
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	650	365	290	1,296,570	639,035	657,530	235	115	120
Married or living common-law	290	145	140	773,480	387,015	386,465	125	60	65
Married	200	100	95	657,160	328,650	328,510	115	60	60
Living common-law	90	45	50	116,320	58,365	57,960	5	5	5
Living common law - Never married	85	45	45	87,265	43,935	43,330	0	0	0
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	4,035	2,145	1,890	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	23,185	11,490	11,690	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	1,835	790	1,045	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	360	215	145	523,090	252,020	271,065	105	50	60
Not married and not living common law - Never married	310	195	115	364,145	197,890	166,255	85	45	35
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	10	29,375	12,665	16,710	5	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	30	10	25	79,920	30,945	48,970	20	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	49,640	10,520	39,125	5	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	438,900	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	204,395	...	...	25	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	94,815	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	97,660	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	42,025	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	438,900	...	...	75	...	...
Total couple families	140	...	...	377,050	...	...	65	...	...
Married couples	95	...	...	318,890	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	190,345	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	128,545	...	...	15	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	58,160	...	...	0	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	19,165	...	...	0	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	38,995	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	61,850	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	47,785	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	14,065	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	645	340	305	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	275	135	135
Total - Persons in census families	440	215	220	1,308,650	651,540	657,110	245	120	125
Married spouses or common-law partners	280	140	140	754,090	377,085	377,010	120	60	60
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	25	61,855	14,065	47,790	15	5	15
Children⁶	135	70	60	492,710	260,395	232,315	110	55	50
In a two-parent family	105	60	50	396,580	208,580	188,000	85	45	40
In a one-parent family	30	15	15	96,130	51,815	44,315	25	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	205	120	90	263,280	130,670	132,615	25	15	15
Living alone	105	55	50	151,765	71,605	80,165	10	10	0
Living with other relatives⁷	30	15	15	40,060	17,085	22,975	5	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	70	50	20	71,460	41,975	29,480	5	0	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	310	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	375,185	...	...	70	...	...
Couple-family households	130	...	...	328,515	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	182,665	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	145,845	...	...	15	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	46,670	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	20,165	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	4,730	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	22,485	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	30,295	...	...	0	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	151,765	...	...	10	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	550	295	265	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	230	110	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	275	245	1,214,945	600,280	614,665	220	105	115
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	38,400	34,800	44,800	52,400	39,200	47,600	52,000	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	275	245	1,215,665	600,680	614,980	220	105	115
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	34,000	32,000	40,400	46,000	36,000	42,800	45,200	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	250	220	1,105,625	556,335	549,290	210	100	105
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,000	28,200	40,800	50,000	32,400	46,400	48,400	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	220	205	922,195	474,800	447,395	190	95	95
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,000	27,400	42,400	50,800	34,800	46,400	45,200	46,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480	250	230	1,061,305	515,795	545,510	185	90	95
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	4,760	7,750	7,600	5,600	9,100	5,920	4,680	7,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	40	25	136,975	64,415	72,555	25	10	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,400	5,760	5,800	5,760	5,880	5,480	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	220	120	110	384,535	184,820	199,710	75	35	35
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	9,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	485	225	260	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	95	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	470	225	240	1,214,380	599,940	614,440	x	x	x
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,000	42,000	43,600	65,500	78,400	52,850	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	470	225	240	1,215,100	600,300	614,800	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,800	38,400	53,050	61,750	44,560	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	205	225	1,105,945	556,435	549,510	x	x	x
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,800	38,000	38,000	62,300	76,300	48,160	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	385	175	210	922,200	475,075	447,125	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,400	37,600	60,800	73,200	47,640	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	185	225	1,060,140	515,090	545,050	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,240	9,400	9,100	10,020	8,930	11,050	x	x	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	60	40	25	136,685	64,550	72,135	x	x	x
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,200	6,800	7,070	6,620	7,480	x	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	195	85	110	383,100	184,610	198,485	x	x	x
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,200	8,200	9,270	9,160	9,380	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	490	225	260	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	215	95	115
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	140	75	65	432,255	245,295	186,965	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	50,000	80,000	73,000	80,000	65,000	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	56,000	76,000	94,000	107,000	76,900	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	75	120	374,345	173,060	201,290	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	16,800	17,200	20,400	23,400	18,400	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	34,000	21,200	33,960	40,480	28,360	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.0	82.0	80.0	86.6	90.2	81.4	x	x	x
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.5	75.0	74.0	70.6	74.0	65.6	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.2	18.4	19.6	13.4	9.8	18.5	x	x	x
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	2.0	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.7	x	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.7	10.0	9.4	5.0	3.9	6.5	x	x	x
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.8	9.2	8.8	4.5	3.6	5.7	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	555	290	260	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	235	115	120
Without total income	30	15	15	63,430	30,900	32,525	15	5	5
With total income	520	275	245	1,214,950	600,280	614,670	220	105	115
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	35	20	107,500	44,415	63,085	20	5	15
$10,000 to $19,999	70	25	45	115,465	47,780	67,690	15	5	10
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	178,230	78,800	99,430	35	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	70	35	35	142,910	61,170	81,740	25	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	122,655	55,960	66,690	15	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	25	101,530	48,280	53,245	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	15	85,080	42,725	42,355	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	15	68,705	36,885	31,825	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	15	53,900	30,515	23,385	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	45,345	25,570	19,775	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	35	30	5	193,625	128,165	65,460	40	25	20
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	5	113,250	69,295	43,955	30	15	15
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	80,375	58,870	21,505	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	555	290	260	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	235	115	120
Without after-tax income	30	15	15	62,710	30,505	32,210	15	5	5
With after-tax income	520	275	245	1,215,660	600,680	614,985	220	105	115
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	35	25	112,205	46,185	66,020	20	5	15
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	45	120,545	50,115	70,430	15	5	10
$20,000 to $29,999	95	55	45	201,940	89,680	112,255	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	70	30	40	166,565	73,405	93,160	25	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	85	45	40	143,135	67,430	75,705	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	15	114,565	57,190	57,380	10	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	25	87,375	47,045	40,330	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	65,115	36,810	28,305	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	51,690	28,935	22,760	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	35,160	21,215	13,945	10	5	10
$100,000 and over	5	10	0	117,360	82,665	34,700	20	15	10
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	48,950	32,240	16,710	10	10	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	68,410	50,430	17,985	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	555	290	260	1,278,375	631,180	647,190	235	115	120
Without employment income	130	70	55	356,175	156,380	199,795	40	15	25
With employment income	420	215	205	922,200	474,800	447,395	190	100	95
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	25	35	116,020	54,130	61,895	25	15	10
$5,000 to $9,999	50	25	25	73,350	31,190	42,165	20	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	70	30	35	101,970	44,705	57,260	20	5	10
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	25	78,390	35,640	42,745	15	5	5
$30,000 to $39,999	35	20	15	73,695	34,455	39,235	10	10	0
$40,000 to $49,999	35	20	15	71,335	34,515	36,815	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	25	67,050	32,805	34,245	20	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	60,120	30,900	29,220	5	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	49,420	27,665	21,750	10	0	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	5	10	40,555	23,400	17,160	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	37,010	20,630	16,375	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	30	25	5	153,280	104,755	48,525	40	20	15
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5	61,175	36,970	24,210	20	10	10
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	92,100	67,780	24,320	15	10	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	550	295	265	1,278,370	631,180	647,195	230	110	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	270	240	1,186,950	585,375	601,575	210	95	110
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	31,000	44,400	53,200	37,600	53,600	68,000	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	270	240	1,187,385	585,475	601,910	210	95	110
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	34,000	28,200	40,000	46,400	34,400	46,800	56,400	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	470	250	220	1,090,850	548,795	542,060	200	100	105
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	28,200	43,600	52,800	35,600	53,200	67,500	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	420	225	200	923,490	475,205	448,285	180	90	90
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,400	30,600	44,800	53,600	37,600	55,200	63,200	50,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	455	240	215	1,003,255	489,055	514,200	165	80	85
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	930	890	1,080	1,190	960	3,040	930	900	1,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	25	15	85,480	38,765	46,720	10	0	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,120	4,120	x	6,450	5,680	7,200	x	...	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	485	225	260	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	95	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	205	230	1,186,410	585,100	601,310	x	x	x
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	42,000	41,200	65,500	80,000	51,400	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	205	230	1,186,820	585,185	601,635	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	36,800	35,200	52,650	62,600	43,000	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	190	225	1,091,545	549,110	542,435	x	x	x
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	42,000	38,400	65,600	80,800	50,200	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	175	210	923,490	475,385	448,110	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	39,200	37,600	64,100	77,600	49,760	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	370	185	195	1,003,375	489,190	514,180	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,320	3,840	4,760	6,130	5,076	7,130	x	x	x
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50	30	20	84,820	38,275	46,545	x	x	x
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	6,800	3,600	8,200	7,120	9,080	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	490	225	260	1,278,370	631,155	647,215	215	95	115
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	140	70	65	428,265	243,165	185,105	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	42,800	75,000	70,500	78,500	62,000	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	44,000	70,000	92,000	105,800	74,000	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	70	110	353,070	163,500	189,570	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	21,800	18,800	28,800	33,200	25,600	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	38,000	22,000	43,720	53,050	35,720	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)	91.0	92.0	90.0	92.0	94.6	88.2	x	x	x
Employment income (%)	81.0	80.0	82.0	76.2	78.8	72.2	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)	8.9	8.2	9.6	7.9	5.3	11.9	x	x	x
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	2.4	0.6	0.9	0.6	1.4	x	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	305	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	100,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	87,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	151,765	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	50,400	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	44,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	205	...	...	452,860	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	131,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	106,600	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	151,830	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	67,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	55,250	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	452,795	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	152,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	123,800	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	305	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	6,730	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	3,245	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	4,475	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	6,245	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	16,055	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	16,860	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	14,380	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	16,415	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	17,790	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	17,750	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	36,405	...	...	0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	37,740	...	...	0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	37,230	...	...	0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	35,705	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	34,355	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	303,255	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	74,975	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	58,215	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	76,310	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	93,755	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	305	...	...	604,630	...	...	90	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	7,625	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	3,380	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	4,615	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	6,745	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	17,335	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	19,015	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	16,770	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	19,345	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	21,320	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	21,155	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	44,695	...	...	0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	45,520	...	...	0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	44,095	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	42,705	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	38,715	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	251,600	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	78,970	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	56,565	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	116,060	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	180	...	...	431,155	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	151,045	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	107,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	209,715	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	123,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	56,700	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	75,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	68,500	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	180	105	70	223,225	113,580	109,645	20	15	5
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,000	36,400	44,400	46,000	43,200	54,800	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	31,600	36,400	40,000	40,800	38,800	48,000	x	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	175	...	...	431,010	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	153,400	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	123,800	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	151,205	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	113,400	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	209,670	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	180,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	144,600	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	56,445	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	90,200	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	130	70	70	223,320	113,715	109,605	15	0	15
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,000	38,000	56,000	60,050	61,950	58,050	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	34,000	50,000	49,640	50,640	48,560	x	x	x
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	645	340	305	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	270	135	135
0 to 17 years	105	55	55	349,785	179,925	169,860	60	35	20
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	109,785	56,290	53,495	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	495	260	235	1,013,015	502,890	510,125	190	95	100
65 years and over	40	20	20	209,135	99,390	109,740	25	10	10
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	75	55	134,160	64,550	69,610	15	10	10
0 to 17 years	20	15	5	35,370	18,260	17,110	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	11,490	5,880	5,610	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	100	55	50	78,110	37,880	40,225	10	0	5
65 years and over	5	0	5	20,680	8,400	12,270	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	21.0	17.5	8.5	8.3	8.8	6.0	4.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	24.0	x	10.1	10.2	10.1	10.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	20.0	x	10.5	10.5	10.5	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	21.0	19.5	7.7	7.5	7.9	4.0	x	5.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	20.0	x	9.9	8.5	11.2	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	645	340	305	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	275	135	135
0 to 17 years	110	55	50	349,790	179,930	169,855	55	30	20
0 to 5 years	50	25	20	109,785	56,290	53,500	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	495	260	235	1,013,015	502,890	510,130	195	90	105
65 years and over	45	25	25	209,130	99,390	109,740	20	10	10
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	55	35	81,680	42,310	39,370	5	0	5
0 to 17 years	5	10	0	18,085	9,305	8,780	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5,625	2,890	2,730	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	75	45	35	57,155	29,990	27,170	0	0	0
65 years and over	5	5	0	6,440	3,015	3,420	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.6	16.5	11.0	5.2	5.4	5.0	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	16.0	x	5.2	5.2	5.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	5.1	5.1	5.1	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	17.0	14.0	5.6	6.0	5.3	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	3.1	3.0	3.1	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	645	340	305	1,571,935	782,210	789,725	270	140	135
In bottom half of the distribution	435	230	210	673,690	328,825	344,865	75	40	40
In bottom decile	130	80	50	124,250	62,485	61,770	15	5	10
In second decile	85	35	45	132,700	62,320	70,380	10	5	5
In third decile	85	40	45	133,855	64,900	68,960	25	15	10
In fourth decile	60	30	30	138,980	68,120	70,855	0	0	0
In fifth decile	65	30	35	143,905	71,000	72,900	20	15	10
In top half of the distribution	210	110	100	898,245	453,385	444,865	195	100	95
In sixth decile	40	20	20	150,845	75,135	75,710	30	15	15
In seventh decile	60	35	25	155,985	78,075	77,910	10	0	10
In eighth decile	55	25	30	164,975	82,995	81,980	35	15	15
In ninth decile	40	20	20	181,315	91,520	89,795	55	30	25
In top decile	15	15	5	245,130	125,660	119,470	65	30	35
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	645	...	...	1,571,935	...	...	275	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.320	...	...	0.374	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.420	...	...	0.467	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.287	...	...	0.326	...	...	0.364	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	275	135	140
English only	565	300	270	1,440,365	723,615	716,745	245	120	120
French only	0	0	0	980	425	555	0	0	0
English and French	60	30	30	103,090	47,140	55,945	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	34,235	13,810	20,420	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	275	135	140
English	620	325	290	1,517,390	757,800	759,590	265	135	130
French	10	5	10	20,675	10,250	10,425	5	0	0
English and French	5	5	0	7,260	3,590	3,675	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	33,340	13,355	19,985	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	275	135	140
Single responses	610	320	290	1,505,615	749,475	756,135	260	130	125
Official languages	365	200	170	1,090,565	550,685	539,875	190	95	95
English	355	195	160	1,070,475	540,715	529,760	185	90	90
French	15	5	10	20,090	9,970	10,115	5	0	0
Non-official languages	240	120	120	415,050	198,790	216,260	65	35	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	645	270	380	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	445	180	265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	35	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	55	80	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	240	120	120	414,405	198,525	215,885	65	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	35,495	18,255	17,240	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	135	75	65	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	3,200	1,600	1,600	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	1,395	700	700	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,615	800	815	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	32,085	16,545	15,535	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	4,515	2,170	2,345	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	21,355	11,215	10,145	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	660	325	340	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	350	175	170	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	40	55	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	480	240	240	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	4,965	2,545	2,420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	14,785	6,645	8,140	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	870	400	465	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	13,810	6,185	7,625	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	55,755	24,650	31,110	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	235	105	130	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	970	415	555	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,115	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,070	460	610	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,610	1,630	1,980	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	700	280	420	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	195	80	115	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	510	240	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	45,300	20,005	25,290	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	465	195	270	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	605	300	310	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	6,750	3,470	3,280	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	355	180	180	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,805	1,410	1,390	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	2,215	1,160	1,060	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,295	685	610	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	120	70	55	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	30	203,750	100,055	103,695	25	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	1,375	725	650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	275	135	140	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	30,225	13,960	16,270	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	490	225	260	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	185	80	100	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	305	145	160	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	29,740	13,735	16,005	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	820	410	405	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,405	645	760	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	160	80	75	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	7,595	3,540	4,050	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	10,165	4,510	5,660	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,905	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	895	435	460	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,000	960	1,045	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,935	950	980	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,085	545	545	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,340	1,500	1,840	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	125	65	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	17,580	8,490	9,090	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10,660	5,055	5,600	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10,230	4,840	5,390	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	365	190	180	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5,565	2,755	2,810	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	1,230	595	640	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	3,870	1,930	1,935	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	295	135	165	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,290	635	650	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	210	90	115	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,520	710	805	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	106,625	53,665	52,955	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	93,240	46,930	46,305	0	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	4,455	2,230	2,230	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	6,565	3,380	3,180	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	8,495	4,290	4,205	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	1,080	475	605	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	175	85	90	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	995	500	495	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	2,265	1,175	1,095	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	49,105	24,690	24,420	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	305	160	145	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	1,030	505	525	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	17,875	8,975	8,905	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	645	340	305	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	13,350	6,720	6,630	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	50	30	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,100	540	565	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,020	1,035	990	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5	10,100	5,080	5,020	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	3,045	1,520	1,525	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,345	685	660	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	45,970	22,265	23,700	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	4,625	2,335	2,285	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	4,540	2,160	2,375	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	4,585	2,265	2,315	5	5	5
Spanish	20	15	10	32,170	15,475	16,695	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,395	800	1,595	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	10,745	4,940	5,800	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	6,430	3,245	3,185	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	705	360	340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	775	400	375	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	200	95	100	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	340	155	185	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	790	385	410	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,845	970	875	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	765	375	395	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	385	170	215	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	160	160	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	275	145	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55	68,720	31,925	36,790	30	15	15
Chinese languages	100	45	55	67,430	31,300	36,130	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	35	40	31,950	14,765	17,190	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,235	520	710	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	260	125	130	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	32,755	15,315	17,435	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	865	390	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,245	600	640	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	170	85	85	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	635	320	325	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,240	435	800	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	460	220	245	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	740	205	535	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	1,955	1,050	900	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	1,405	770	635	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	105	60	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,550	1,640	1,910	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	105	200	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,155	1,490	1,665	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	73,050	35,515	37,535	15	5	10
English and French	0	0	0	6,360	3,080	3,285	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	58,650	28,715	29,930	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,230	605	630	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,680	2,595	3,085	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	275	135	140
English	380	200	180	1,104,225	556,180	548,045	195	100	95
French	0	0	0	4,775	2,390	2,390	0	0	0
Non-official language	70	35	35	127,600	60,835	66,760	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	35	127,540	60,810	66,730	15	10	10
English and French	5	5	0	14,755	6,925	7,835	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	175	95	85	306,635	148,985	157,650	55	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	570	255	315	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	7,715	3,605	4,105	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	12,395	5,820	6,575	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,990	793,675	275	135	140
Single responses	600	315	285	1,503,115	748,130	754,985	255	125	130
Official languages	435	225	210	1,243,700	622,455	621,250	220	110	110
English	430	225	205	1,236,475	618,890	617,585	220	110	110
French	0	0	0	7,230	3,560	3,665	0	0	0
Non-official languages	170	90	75	259,415	125,675	133,740	30	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	90	75	259,295	125,620	133,675	30	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	22,515	11,260	11,260	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,040	1,105	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	130	65	70	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	1,005	505	505	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,010	470	535	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	20,280	10,165	10,115	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	2,840	1,335	1,500	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	12,825	6,490	6,335	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	510	250	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	265	130	135	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	245	125	125	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	3,805	1,940	1,865	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	9,940	4,535	5,405	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	465	205	260	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	9,395	4,280	5,110	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	35,275	16,595	18,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	505	240	265	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,190	580	605	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	580	280	295	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,225	1,035	1,185	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	255	130	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	29,630	13,885	15,750	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	205	100	110	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	340	160	180	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	115	60	60	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	4,410	2,205	2,205	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,900	940	960	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	1,495	760	730	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	785	390	395	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	25	122,940	60,715	62,220	0	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	625	330	295	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	14,005	6,710	7,295	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	215	110	105	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	13,790	6,605	7,190	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	380	180	195	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	410	190	220	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,015	1,450	1,560	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	6,450	3,065	3,385	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	2,020	980	1,035	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	370	180	185	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	715	335	375	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	925	460	465	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	980	470	515	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,010	1,440	1,570	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,705	825	880	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,630	785	845	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,120	530	590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	635	305	330	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	455	210	245	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	165	75	90	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	480	215	265	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	79,180	39,590	39,590	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	5	70,335	35,225	35,110	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	2,975	1,455	1,520	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,225	2,175	2,045	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,510	2,770	2,740	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	580	245	340	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	575	285	285	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,590	815	775	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40,675	20,425	20,245	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	170	90	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	555	270	285	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	12,930	6,420	6,510	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	175	185	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	8,825	4,360	4,475	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	750	360	395	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,250	635	615	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	6,765	3,325	3,435	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,880	905	970	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	3,970	1,965	2,015	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	910	460	455	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	25,440	12,340	13,100	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,000	450	550	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,410	1,180	1,230	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	2,175	1,085	1,085	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	19,825	9,605	10,215	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,160	495	665	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	8,130	3,835	4,295	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	305	135	170	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	335	160	170	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	200	100	100	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	295	140	155	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	315	345	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	720	360	360	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	340	190	150	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	260	115	145	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	65	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	450	260	190	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	355	205	150	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	40	47,945	22,570	25,375	20	10	10
Chinese languages	75	35	40	47,025	22,110	24,915	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	35	23,970	11,440	12,530	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	465	185	280	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	21,815	10,130	11,685	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	500	225	275	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	915	460	455	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	500	230	270	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	1,185	600	580	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	935	480	455	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,205	575	625	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,135	540	590	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	20	75,555	36,865	38,685	15	10	5
English and French	0	0	0	2,955	1,435	1,520	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	69,995	34,230	35,770	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	260	115	140	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,630	760	875	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	645	340	305	1,578,665	784,995	793,670	275	135	135
None	480	250	230	1,298,665	649,700	648,965	230	115	115
English	80	45	30	104,745	51,660	53,085	15	5	5
French	5	5	0	11,450	5,290	6,160	0	0	0
Non-official language	55	25	30	127,610	60,685	66,920	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	635	285	350	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	30	126,970	60,410	66,565	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	1,340	640	705	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	16,885	8,395	8,490	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,660	1,690	1,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	215	120	95	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	14,095	6,810	7,285	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	245	115	130
Official languages	580	270	310	1,537,720	768,345	769,380	240	115	125
English	580	270	310	1,536,650	767,865	768,785	240	115	125
French	45	15	30	103,915	47,090	56,830	40	20	20
Non-official languages	245	105	140	562,910	270,945	291,960	85	45	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	1,740	685	1,050	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,155	440	720	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	470	190	280	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	605	245	360	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	260	80	185	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	115	155	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	125	40	85	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	235	95	135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	170	70	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	175	90	90	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	245	105	140	561,340	270,320	291,010	85	45	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	20	54,595	28,250	26,345	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	300	185	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	80	60	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	30	10	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	365	225	145	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	360	220	145	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	4,720	2,480	2,245	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	2,115	1,125	990	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,430	1,265	1,170	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	0	20	50,645	26,150	24,495	20	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	8,465	4,170	4,295	20	10	15
Arabic	10	0	10	35,250	18,505	16,750	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	850	490	360	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	365	215	145	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	380	215	165	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	2,110	1,085	1,025	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	7,675	3,920	3,755	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	90	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20,885	9,635	11,250	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	1,270	610	655	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,415	8,900	10,515	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	280	160	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	76,815	33,930	42,890	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	635	325	305	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,175	510	660	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	3,705	1,700	2,000	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,455	620	835	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	6,615	2,860	3,755	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,290	595	695	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	250	105	145	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	520	675	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	550	285	260	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	72,900	32,140	40,755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	460	225	235	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,975	875	1,100	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,035	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	625	330	300	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	480	275	205	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	535	260	280	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,600	5,455	5,140	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	1,100	560	540	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	3,955	2,035	1,920	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	4,435	2,275	2,160	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,440	1,295	1,145	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	220	120	100	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	55	65	286,570	140,880	145,685	30	25	0
Albanian	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	465	265	200	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,905	17,730	20,175	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	540	245	295	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	370	170	205	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	37,610	17,610	20,005	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	100	35	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,020	460	560	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,215	1,125	1,090	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	335	160	175	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	9,380	4,430	4,950	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15,410	7,245	8,165	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	6,725	3,165	3,560	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,790	855	935	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	3,390	1,585	1,805	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,095	1,465	1,630	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,530	715	820	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	335	130	205	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,845	2,125	2,720	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	495	275	220	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	235	135	100	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	27,795	13,485	14,310	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10	18,325	8,925	9,400	0	0	0
German	15	0	10	17,910	8,715	9,200	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	615	280	330	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	8,180	4,120	4,060	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	2,455	1,270	1,190	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,235	2,625	2,610	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	60	35	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	380	165	215	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	155	85	75	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,100	1,290	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	1,245	635	615	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	15	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	470	185	285	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	715	315	395	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	2,370	1,185	1,180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	20	143,590	72,720	70,870	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	30	10	128,685	65,260	63,425	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	6,180	3,115	3,065	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	11,255	5,745	5,515	0	0	0
Hindi	25	25	0	45,340	22,980	22,370	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	2,325	1,035	1,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	460	215	250	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	2,295	1,185	1,110	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	3,010	1,565	1,450	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	68,525	34,920	33,610	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	685	385	300	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,450	700	750	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	31,710	16,195	15,515	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,400	750	650	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	17,245	8,665	8,570	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,425	720	705	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,985	1,510	1,475	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,270	6,700	6,570	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	4,765	2,320	2,440	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	6,985	3,590	3,390	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,715	895	820	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	15	30	80,155	38,210	41,945	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	110	45	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	9,805	4,810	4,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	6,925	3,405	3,515	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5,990	3,045	2,950	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	25	60,770	28,640	32,125	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	90	50	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,255	2,315	2,945	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	12,375	5,785	6,590	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	645	300	345	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	18,385	9,360	9,025	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,400	720	680	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	190	120	70	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	3,040	1,595	1,450	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	300	140	155	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	405	190	215	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	270	150	120	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	175	90	80	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	165	90	75	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	670	325	345	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,435	1,805	1,630	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	250	145	105	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	6,365	3,135	3,225	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,555	1,280	1,275	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,895	965	935	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	860	455	405	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	440	200	240	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	315	295	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,210	785	1,430	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,875	645	1,230	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	395	185	215	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	82,875	39,220	43,660	20	10	10
Chinese languages	90	40	50	81,080	38,330	42,750	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	45	46,460	21,635	24,825	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,385	1,045	1,340	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	340	140	195	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	42,910	20,105	22,800	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	880	420	460	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,820	895	925	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	295	145	150	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	765	395	370	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	70	90	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,900	780	1,120	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	685	350	330	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,355	505	850	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,545	1,855	1,695	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	550	285	270	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	2,625	1,470	1,155	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	110	30	80	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,400	2,050	2,350	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	165	70	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	435	210	230	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,810	1,780	2,030	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	525	295	235	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	240	110	130
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15	10	0	53,700	25,250	28,450	30	20	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15	10	0	51,520	24,220	27,300	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	22,470	10,235	12,230	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	28,475	13,685	14,790	30	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	575	290	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,130	525	610	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	570	255	310	1,518,235	757,015	761,220	215	90	125
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	240	110	130
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	17,145	7,900	9,240	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	585	270	315	1,554,790	774,360	780,425	240	110	130
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
Owner	95	...	...	431,680	...	...	75	...	...
Renter	200	...	...	172,945	...	...	10	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
Condominium	260	...	...	138,505	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	35	...	...	466,125	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	3,180	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	63,480	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	230	...	...	132,670	...	...	0	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...	208,570	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	196,735	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	160	...	...	168,320	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	92,700	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	85,005	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	74,790	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	183,815	...	...	50	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	6.3	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
One person or fewer per room	280	...	...	587,240	...	...	80	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	17,390	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
Suitable	285	...	...	576,220	...	...	75	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	28,410	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	48,925	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	235	...	...	146,775	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	67,920	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	93,515	...	...	75	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	63,060	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	64,550	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	62,005	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	57,870	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	578,295	...	...	80	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	26,340	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
One-maintainer household	170	...	...	286,505	...	...	50	...	...
Two-maintainer household	125	...	...	282,890	...	...	25	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	35,230	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	15,275	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	95	...	...	95,360	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	132,875	...	...	20	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	121,200	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	114,325	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	78,705	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	34,680	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	12,200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	290	...	...	599,605	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	195	...	...	466,085	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100	...	...	133,520	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	119,800	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	295	...	...	604,630	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	174,520	...	...	15	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	95	...	...	121,340	...	...	10	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	22,225	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	17,480	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	4,610	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,285	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,295	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	280	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	170	...	...	430,110	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	275	...	...	585,885	...	...	x	...	...
In core need	50	...	...	55,440	...	...	x	...	...
Not in core need	225	...	...	530,445	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	95	...	...	429,490	...	...	75	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.4	...	...	65.7	...	...	73.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.1	...	...	17.4	...	...	x	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	1,740	...	...	2,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,792	...	...	1,850	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	270,000	...	...	452,000	...	...	476,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	529,500	...	...	480,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	200	...	...	172,840	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.5	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.5	...	...	34.5	...	...	x	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	1,414	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	590	270	315	1,571,935	782,270	789,670	240	110	130
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	17,860	8,295	9,570	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	17,385	8,070	9,315	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	11,610	5,320	6,285	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	5,625	2,660	2,960	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	155	85	65	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	460	210	250	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	10	0	47,230	22,330	24,905	35	25	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	10	0	45,875	21,725	24,145	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	25,470	12,020	13,445	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,960	9,480	10,475	30	20	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	450	230	225	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,355	600	760	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,230	550	680	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	575	260	310	1,506,840	751,645	755,195	200	85	120
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	245	115	130
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	425	185	235	1,397,315	698,330	698,985	245	115	130
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	25	55	325,765	167,940	157,820	40	30	15
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	345	165	180	1,071,555	530,390	541,165	200	80	115
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	160	80	80	174,615	83,940	90,680	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	245	115	130
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	355	165	195	1,069,940	539,680	530,260	190	90	105
Immigrants⁸¹	145	65	80	473,580	227,640	245,935	50	20	25
Before 1980	15	10	10	56,750	27,435	29,320	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	44,975	21,950	23,020	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	15	0	10	67,220	32,280	34,935	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	127,170	61,140	66,030	30	15	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	50	60	177,465	84,835	92,630	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	30	10	20	89,810	43,015	46,795	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	80	40	40	87,650	41,815	45,835	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	40	40	28,410	14,945	13,470	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	145	65	85	473,580	227,640	245,935	50	20	25
Under 5 years	15	15	0	41,205	20,985	20,220	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	30	0	25	79,795	41,370	38,425	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	20	15	0	82,830	37,905	44,930	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	65	20	45	223,080	105,885	117,190	35	10	25
45 years and over	15	10	10	46,670	21,495	25,170	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	145	65	85	473,580	227,640	245,935	50	20	25
Americas	40	15	25	50,280	23,315	26,970	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,205	965	1,245	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	6,240	2,860	3,380	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	2,755	1,300	1,455	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	810	375	430	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	565	320	250	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,605	1,735	1,870	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,740	2,810	2,930	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,140	515	625	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	1,470	720	750	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	13,395	5,940	7,455	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	12,355	5,775	6,585	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	83,855	41,815	42,040	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,145	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	1,510	705	800	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	1,455	735	720	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	6,175	2,815	3,355	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,780	865	915	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	3,430	1,805	1,625	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	3,730	1,920	1,805	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,520	3,025	3,495	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	1,180	610	575	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,435	2,225	2,210	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	4,540	1,930	2,610	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,060	505	560	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	3,355	1,510	1,845	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	27,675	14,575	13,095	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	13,840	7,005	6,835	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	0	55,355	27,975	27,385	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	650	320	330	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	905	445	455	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,500	1,840	1,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	4,785	2,505	2,280	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	7,180	3,485	3,700	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	950	485	460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	13,365	6,835	6,530	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	1,595	780	815	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	4,010	2,070	1,940	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	18,410	9,205	9,210	0	0	0
Asia	80	45	35	279,930	132,545	147,390	20	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	4,275	2,115	2,160	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	5,720	2,990	2,730	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,070	2,070	2,000	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,455	2,410	2,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	4,455	2,320	2,130	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,105	545	555	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15	36,925	16,915	20,015	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	10,965	5,240	5,725	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,645	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,210	935	1,270	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	71,315	31,605	39,715	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	16,350	7,325	9,030	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	3,630	1,845	1,785	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	61,580	30,730	30,850	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	19,425	9,810	9,615	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	2,035	1,005	1,025	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	22,735	10,640	12,090	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	4,150	2,000	2,150	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	40	40	87,650	41,815	45,830	0	0	0
Americas	25	10	20	8,535	3,935	4,595	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	915	390	525	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	670	265	410	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	110	60	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,470	760	715	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,490	1,160	1,330	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	915	400	515	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,415	645	770	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	7,510	3,815	3,695	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	245	115	130	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	495	320	170	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	290	175	115	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	690	245	445	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	760	340	425	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	1,820	1,000	825	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	2,930	1,485	1,445	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15,820	7,845	7,980	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	60	15	50	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	430	190	235	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	615	300	310	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,545	1,340	1,205	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,855	885	965	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	6,175	3,045	3,130	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	310	140	170	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	830	440	385	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	460	220	235	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,965	970	1,000	0	0	0
Asia	45	30	10	55,100	25,850	29,250	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	865	415	455	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	5,625	2,440	3,180	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	315	120	195	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	14,870	7,455	7,420	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	870	415	450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	955	450	510	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	170	25	150	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,825	780	1,050	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	455	220	235	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	550	280	265	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	17,470	7,940	9,535	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	270	160	105	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	185	100	85	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,135	1,645	1,490	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	405	175	225	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	370	205	170	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	980	320	660	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,240	955	1,290	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	690	375	310	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	480	255	230	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	205	125	85	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	245	115	130
First generation¹⁰⁰	245	120	130	518,345	251,010	267,335	45	25	30
Second generation¹⁰¹	115	65	55	329,675	166,505	163,165	70	35	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	220	85	135	723,920	364,750	359,170	125	50	70
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	130	60	75	416,830	200,210	216,615	45	20	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	45	45	235,880	118,150	117,730	25	15	10
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	15	20	95,815	58,035	37,780	10	0	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	30	20	140,065	60,120	79,950	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	0	25	117,720	48,395	69,330	15	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	58,995	31,595	27,395	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	130	60	75	416,830	200,210	216,615	45	20	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	14,765	8,620	6,145	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	15	53,180	23,440	29,750	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10,665	5,460	5,205	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	23,590	12,265	11,320	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	1,565	670	895	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	100	55	50	313,060	149,760	163,300	40	20	25
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,665	245	115	130
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	280	140	135	575,650	282,735	292,910	95	45	50
South Asian	45	30	10	154,385	78,430	75,955	0	0	0
Chinese	105	50	55	93,975	45,570	48,410	30	10	20
Black	35	25	10	76,470	38,665	37,800	35	10	20
Filipino	0	0	0	92,235	42,365	49,880	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	32,660	17,235	15,425	0	0	0
Latin American	30	20	20	35,155	16,925	18,235	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	15	0	15	28,720	13,405	15,310	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	15,765	8,040	7,720	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	13,150	6,285	6,865	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	6,455	2,780	3,675	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	5,845	2,855	2,985	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	20,840	10,195	10,645	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	310	130	180	996,285	499,530	496,755	145	65	80
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	585	270	315	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	245	115	130
Canadian	20	0	20	168,075	87,325	80,750	10	10	0
English	100	35	65	276,300	136,835	139,465	55	20	35
Irish	75	25	50	202,260	98,040	104,225	55	15	40
Scottish	75	45	25	235,385	115,820	119,575	60	30	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30	20	10	104,160	50,935	53,225	15	0	15
German	75	30	40	197,770	97,860	99,910	40	0	30
Chinese	115	60	60	99,705	48,045	51,650	30	10	25
Italian	10	0	0	44,840	22,330	22,510	0	0	0
Indian (India)	25	20	0	77,900	39,545	38,355	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	89,615	43,675	45,940	0	0	0
Dutch	35	10	25	53,665	26,510	27,155	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	53,675	25,885	27,790	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	1,965	990	970	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	10	30	53,825	27,135	26,690	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	86,850	40,140	46,710	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	11,575	5,740	5,835	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	26,685	13,810	12,875	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	15,785	7,425	8,360	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	27,350	12,945	14,410	35	20	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	10	0	28,815	14,565	14,250	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	36,090	16,840	19,255	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	44,865	21,320	23,545	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	27,905	13,365	14,540	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	8,110	4,060	4,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	23,975	11,565	12,415	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	19,620	9,075	10,545	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	28,290	13,540	14,750	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20,785	10,045	10,740	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	3,780	1,900	1,885	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	24,175	12,270	11,905	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	15,105	7,435	7,670	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	7,450	3,730	3,715	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	20,085	10,145	9,940	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	22,750	10,685	12,065	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	11,200	5,995	5,205	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	6,530	3,370	3,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,875	3,435	3,435	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,680	7,485	8,200	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	7,710	3,385	4,325	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	13,215	6,260	6,955	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	12,805	6,050	6,760	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	12,885	6,725	6,160	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	6,415	3,295	3,120	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	5,800	2,855	2,945	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	19,915	9,935	9,980	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	5,325	2,530	2,795	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	16,100	8,300	7,800	0	0	0
Austrian	15	0	10	13,225	6,465	6,765	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	7,255	3,475	3,780	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	1,120	570	555	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	9,050	4,560	4,490	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	9,145	4,490	4,655	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	5,145	2,565	2,580	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	15	8,075	3,960	4,115	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	6,840	3,325	3,515	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	2,095	1,040	1,050	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,125	3,000	3,125	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	8,860	3,910	4,950	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	5,040	2,520	2,525	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	1,845	905	945	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	8,605	4,150	4,455	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	6,465	3,345	3,120	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	4,945	2,630	2,310	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	6,575	3,255	3,320	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	1,450	760	690	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	7,935	4,120	3,825	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	6,755	3,225	3,535	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	975	470	505	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	7,875	3,870	4,010	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	4,405	2,245	2,160	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,350	665	680	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	6,890	3,395	3,495	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	2,735	1,435	1,305	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,345	1,585	1,760	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,440	725	715	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	2,060	1,090	965	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	4,025	1,955	2,070	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	1,420	635	785	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	2,845	1,525	1,320	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	1,805	900	910	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	2,760	1,525	1,235	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	3,675	1,870	1,800	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	665	335	330	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	2,835	1,375	1,460	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	8,720	4,460	4,265	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	1,030	535	495	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,430	2,200	2,225	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	3,085	1,440	1,645	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,855	1,485	1,370	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,255	960	1,295	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	3,140	1,520	1,620	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	2,660	1,315	1,345	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	1,090	590	500	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,945	1,855	2,090	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	2,805	1,480	1,330	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	1,435	720	710	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	555	245	320	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	975	430	540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	2,420	1,080	1,345	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	3,795	1,905	1,890	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	3,840	1,970	1,870	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	1,875	1,025	845	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	3,325	1,765	1,560	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	1,100	515	580	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,075	515	565	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	6,810	3,265	3,545	30	10	20
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,210	1,515	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	1,605	775	830	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5,565	2,825	2,740	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	2,140	1,060	1,075	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	430	235	195	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	1,920	1,065	855	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	745	370	380	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	490	235	255	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,820	900	915	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,440	1,165	1,275	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	535	215	320	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,790	925	860	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	5,425	2,745	2,680	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,095	565	530	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	1,175	610	565	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	650	375	275	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	2,390	1,215	1,175	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	1,390	670	720	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	7,585	3,815	3,775	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	1,535	790	745	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	755	380	380	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,150	555	590	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	1,370	725	645	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,440	755	695	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	890	425	465	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,140	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,670	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	55	35	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,225	605	625	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	1,245	615	630	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	1,060	545	520	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	1,380	655	730	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,820	865	955	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	1,165	575	590	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,705	1,255	1,450	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,015	505	515	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	660	370	290	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	150	100	50	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	1,250	625	625	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	1,175	565	610	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	555	565	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	1,250	590	660	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	1,575	785	780	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	940	490	450	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	455	230	225	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,395	430	965	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	2,340	1,200	1,135	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	435	225	205	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	3,480	1,820	1,665	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	855	420	440	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	1,810	770	1,035	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	1,140	615	525	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	315	145	170	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	1,375	705	670	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	2,640	1,275	1,370	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	525	190	340	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	1,260	615	650	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	240	115	125	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	505	250	250	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	1,630	765	865	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,070	515	555	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	185	115	65	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	1,285	655	630	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	330	150	180	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	180	70	110	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	2,275	1,240	1,035	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	990	465	525	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	485	210	275	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	1,140	565	570	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	235	105	125	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	475	240	240	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	700	360	340	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	225	120	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	250	100	150	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	680	380	295	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	165	80	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	575	265	310	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	675	360	320	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	355	150	200	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	655	325	335	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	160	85	80	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	525	220	310	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	230	100	130	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	140	100	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	670	350	320	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	865	440	420	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	855	370	485	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	375	195	180	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	405	210	195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	775	345	430	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	600	285	310	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,015	470	545	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	1,570	875	695	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	845	440	400	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	595	295	300	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	450	265	190	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	205	95	105	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	360	160	200	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	355	210	140	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	1,195	560	635	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	75	35	50	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	155	85	70	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	285	110	175	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	285	130	150	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	160	80	80	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	260	145	120	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	205	115	90	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	820	405	415	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	345	135	210	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	665	370	295	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	280	130	145	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	820	440	385	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	120	35	90	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	585	270	320	1,571,935	782,265	789,670	240	110	130
Buddhist	10	0	0	22,425	9,955	12,470	0	0	0
Christian	215	85	125	713,465	336,705	376,760	160	75	85
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	40	10	30	153,665	73,675	79,985	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	2,730	1,325	1,405	0	0	0
Anglican	15	10	0	35,625	16,415	19,210	0	0	0
Baptist	20	15	10	14,480	6,660	7,815	0	0	0
Catholic	80	25	60	312,410	149,290	163,120	55	30	20
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25,935	12,595	13,340	35	10	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	6,765	3,065	3,695	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	13,890	6,525	7,365	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	19,790	8,955	10,835	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	3,670	1,655	2,015	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	17,325	8,180	9,145	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	10,200	4,585	5,615	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,880	950	930	0	0	0
United Church	15	0	10	51,720	22,415	29,305	10	10	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	43,375	20,405	22,970	35	20	15
Hindu	0	0	0	35,335	18,180	17,155	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	6,820	3,305	3,515	0	0	0
Muslim	45	30	20	101,285	51,675	49,610	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	56,230	28,325	27,905	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	1,515	550	960	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	11,305	4,775	6,530	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	310	150	160	623,560	328,795	294,765	60	30	35
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	570	265	310	1,555,360	773,705	781,660	245	115	130
Non-movers	465	205	260	1,345,810	669,430	676,380	235	115	125
Movers	105	60	45	209,550	104,275	105,275	0	0	0
Non-migrants	55	30	20	147,415	73,505	73,910	0	0	0
Migrants	55	30	20	62,135	30,765	31,365	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	47,380	23,440	23,940	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,075	13,860	14,215	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	19,305	9,580	9,725	0	0	0
External migrants	45	30	20	14,755	7,325	7,430	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	540	245	295	1,482,335	736,360	745,975	240	110	130
Non-movers	185	75	105	863,155	429,060	434,095	210	95	115
Movers	355	165	185	619,175	307,300	311,880	35	15	15
Non-migrants	175	90	80	363,260	181,560	181,700	25	15	10
Migrants	180	75	100	255,920	125,740	130,180	10	0	0
Internal migrants	45	20	25	177,420	87,415	90,005	10	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	15	112,590	55,855	56,735	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	64,830	31,560	33,270	0	0	0
External migrants	130	50	75	78,500	38,320	40,180	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	485	220	260	1,278,375	631,155	647,215	210	95	115
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	10	10	182,850	95,955	86,895	35	15	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	465	215	250	1,095,525	535,200	560,320	180	80	105
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	175	200	886,650	437,700	448,950	125	60	65
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	0	79,025	43,715	35,310	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	365	170	195	807,620	393,985	413,640	120	60	60
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	485	225	265	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	90	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	163,710	84,360	79,350	30	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	135	75	60	339,400	169,445	169,950	65	15	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	340	140	200	775,265	377,350	397,915	115	60	50
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	80	348,595	174,345	174,250	75	50	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	84,805	63,760	21,050	20	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	29,285	16,610	12,680	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	55,525	47,150	8,375	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	35	65	221,065	92,585	128,480	40	20	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	42,725	18,000	24,720	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	220	100	120	426,670	203,005	223,660	35	15	20
Bachelor's degree	135	65	65	294,610	137,240	157,375	25	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	22,475	10,080	12,390	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10,785	5,050	5,735	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	15	40	86,005	42,875	43,130	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	12,795	7,765	5,030	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	180	200	886,650	437,700	448,950	125	55	70
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	66,625	36,450	30,175	10	0	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	70	50	20	197,715	102,665	95,045	20	10	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	300	120	180	622,315	298,585	323,730	95	50	50
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	35	65	266,590	133,640	132,950	65	35	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	0	0	63,270	48,090	15,175	15	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20,715	12,025	8,685	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	42,560	36,060	6,495	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	20	55	170,270	71,565	98,700	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	33,050	13,985	19,070	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	195	85	115	355,720	164,940	190,775	35	15	20
Bachelor's degree	115	55	60	244,340	111,530	132,810	25	15	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	17,980	7,805	10,175	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	9,185	4,015	5,170	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	15	45	74,335	35,965	38,370	0	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	9,880	5,625	4,255	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	485	225	265	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	95	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	145	80	65	503,110	253,805	249,305	95	35	65
Education	15	0	15	46,605	10,200	36,405	10	0	10
13. Education	15	0	15	46,605	10,200	36,405	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	23,385	9,460	13,925	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	20,825	7,530	13,295	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10	34,000	12,365	21,635	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,675	735	2,940	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	7,415	1,915	5,495	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	11,560	4,095	7,460	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	525	185	340	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	2,325	1,255	1,065	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	3,860	2,195	1,665	10	0	10
54. History	0	0	0	3,810	1,820	1,990	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	830	165	665	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	83,860	28,790	55,065	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,155	220	930	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	11,400	4,015	7,380	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	9,690	735	8,955	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	0	15,515	5,275	10,245	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,605	560	1,045	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	13,800	3,115	10,680	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	30,700	14,865	15,830	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	60	30	35	177,710	75,825	101,885	25	10	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	180	60	120	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,595	1,605	6,995	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	30	30	168,935	74,160	94,770	25	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	15	39,940	20,670	19,265	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	13,395	5,160	8,240	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	8,180	3,785	4,395	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	665	260	410	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	16,065	10,835	5,225	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,630	635	995	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	36,465	23,975	12,485	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	30,070	21,020	9,055	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,630	200	1,430	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	4,030	2,275	1,755	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	730	485	250	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	60	25	173,505	149,155	24,355	20	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	6,470	4,065	2,410	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	35	15	66,620	53,075	13,545	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	38,240	31,740	6,500	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	28,060	27,225	835	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	22,210	21,530	675	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	11,885	11,515	375	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15,905	7,900	8,005	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10,210	5,025	5,180	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	5,695	2,870	2,825	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	10	40	111,080	22,865	88,215	20	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	9,155	4,305	4,845	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	45	10	40	98,680	16,900	81,780	20	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	3,060	1,580	1,485	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	15	32,595	16,030	16,565	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	20,215	6,265	13,950	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	140	130	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	145	25	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,150	4,050	2,095	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	5,925	5,440	480	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	220	115	110	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	375	175	200	886,650	437,700	448,950	125	55	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	70	50	20	264,340	139,115	125,220	30	10	25
Education	15	0	15	33,450	6,965	26,475	10	0	10
13. Education	15	0	15	33,450	6,965	26,475	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	18,955	7,590	11,360	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	1,900	1,360	540	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	17,045	6,230	10,815	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	10	26,945	9,460	17,490	10	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	3,000	580	2,425	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,035	1,555	4,480	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	9,440	3,220	6,225	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	390	130	260	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	1,865	985	875	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,680	1,520	1,160	10	0	10
54. History	0	0	0	2,930	1,365	1,565	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	595	105	490	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	25	69,810	23,220	46,590	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	975	200	775	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	10,005	3,400	6,605	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	7,720	535	7,185	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	0	12,925	4,080	8,840	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	1,335	455	885	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	11,190	2,390	8,800	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	25,655	12,155	13,505	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	55	25	30	145,930	61,450	84,480	20	10	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	6,965	1,215	5,750	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	25	25	138,835	60,195	78,640	20	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	10	30,605	14,930	15,680	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	10,695	3,995	6,695	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	6,400	2,855	3,545	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	555	215	340	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	11,875	7,435	4,435	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,085	425	660	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	31,330	20,720	10,615	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	26,680	18,555	8,125	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	1,040	135	900	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	3,015	1,650	1,365	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	600	380	225	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	60	30	138,260	116,630	21,630	10	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	5,185	3,050	2,130	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	35	15	55,310	43,055	12,260	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	30,335	24,710	5,630	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	21,755	21,035	720	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	16,875	16,295	580	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	8,785	8,485	305	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	12,720	5,985	6,735	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,810	3,590	4,220	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,515	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	10	25	88,715	18,735	69,980	15	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	7,355	3,465	3,885	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	25	78,745	14,010	64,730	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	145	60	80	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	2,480	1,195	1,280	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	25,425	12,820	12,610	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	15,385	4,880	10,500	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	100	90	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	85	80	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,140	3,420	1,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	4,710	4,340	370	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	170	75	95	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	375	175	200	886,650	437,700	448,950	125	55	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70	50	20	264,340	139,115	125,220	30	10	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	300	120	180	622,310	298,585	323,730	95	45	45
Location of study inside Canada	195	85	110	455,590	220,680	234,910	90	45	40
Same as province or territory of residence	160	65	90	328,175	157,540	170,630	60	35	30
Different than province or territory of residence	35	10	15	127,410	63,135	64,275	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	105	35	70	166,725	77,905	88,820	10	0	0
Americas	20	15	10	28,670	14,305	14,360	10	0	0
United States of America	15	10	0	17,465	9,425	8,040	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,410	1,065	1,345	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	250	145	110	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	470	215	255	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,670	690	980	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	2,125	915	1,210	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	400	155	250	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,850	780	1,070	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	1,945	870	1,075	0	0	0
Europe	25	0	20	29,575	15,435	14,145	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	220	130	90	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	1,225	630	595	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,235	645	590	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	795	430	370	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	415	220	190	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	380	180	205	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	630	295	335	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,485	575	905	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	1,870	1,020	855	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,235	955	1,280	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,605	745	865	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	930	570	355	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	11,725	6,495	5,220	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	345	185	155	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	350	210	140	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	375	180	190	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	3,760	1,955	1,805	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	13,270	6,695	6,570	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	4,965	2,375	2,590	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	340	170	170	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,670	860	810	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,690	855	840	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	3,985	2,105	1,880	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	25	91,990	39,695	52,295	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	2,155	1,010	1,145	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	920	450	465	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	425	230	195	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	640	300	335	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	735	380	355	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	390	235	160	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	11,260	5,010	6,250	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	585	145	440	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	805	315	495	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,045	275	770	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,925	1,615	2,305	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	30,585	12,115	18,470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	855	335	520	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,405	540	870	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	485	250	235	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25,005	11,780	13,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,330	2,815	3,520	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,435	1,895	2,540	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	10	3,225	1,775	1,450	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	2,545	1,385	1,160	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	555	315	240	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	485	225	265	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	90	120
In the labour force	395	185	215	882,705	463,170	419,540	160	60	95
Employed	330	155	180	776,015	408,675	367,335	145	60	80
Unemployed	70	30	40	106,695	54,490	52,205	15	0	15
Not in the labour force	90	45	45	395,665	167,985	227,680	55	30	20
Participation rate	81.4	82.2	81.1	69.0	73.4	64.8	76.2	66.7	79.2
Employment rate	68.0	68.9	67.9	60.7	64.8	56.8	69.0	66.7	66.7
Unemployment rate	17.7	16.2	18.6	12.1	11.8	12.4	9.4	0.0	15.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	485	225	265	1,278,375	631,155	647,220	210	95	120
Did not work¹⁸⁶	120	55	70	422,665	183,645	239,020	50	25	20
Worked	360	170	195	855,710	447,510	408,200	165	70	95
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	145	80	65	450,195	257,535	192,655	75	35	40
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	220	90	130	405,520	189,970	215,550	90	35	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.6	36.4	36.6	40.7	41.5	39.8	39.8	36.0	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	395	180	210	882,710	463,165	419,540	160	65	95
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	380	180	205	853,695	449,150	404,550	160	65	95
Employee	335	150	190	715,140	365,090	350,050	150	55	95
Permanent position	255	120	130	600,125	311,480	288,645	105	40	65
Temporary position	85	25	55	115,020	53,615	61,405	50	15	35
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	10	37,760	16,790	20,970	20	10	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	65	20	40	77,260	36,820	40,435	30	15	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	50	35	15	138,550	84,060	54,500	10	10	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	395	180	210	882,710	463,165	419,540	160	65	95
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	380	180	205	853,695	449,150	404,550	160	65	95
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	11,440	8,585	2,850	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	10	60	161,170	53,245	107,930	30	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	30	15	94,565	72,340	22,225	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	45	0	40	69,305	13,810	55,490	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	30	92,850	30,655	62,195	25	15	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10	24,120	10,450	13,675	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	85	45	35	209,115	94,840	114,280	55	10	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	65	45	15	147,375	132,085	15,290	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	18,195	14,065	4,130	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	25,565	19,070	6,490	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	395	180	210	882,710	463,165	419,540	160	65	95
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	29,010	14,020	14,995	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	380	180	205	853,695	449,150	404,550	160	65	95
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	8,270	5,105	3,165	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	39,750	26,465	13,290	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10,285	6,785	3,500	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	20	0	75,665	63,720	11,945	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	15	0	10	41,545	30,255	11,295	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	27,195	18,765	8,430	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	55	25	25	96,885	46,555	50,330	30	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	10	56,135	40,670	15,470	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	14,840	8,750	6,090	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	30,760	13,930	16,825	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	16,935	9,445	7,485	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	40	35	96,185	55,190	40,995	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,660	1,210	1,450	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	37,790	21,285	16,510	0	0	0
61 Educational services	40	15	25	55,510	16,805	38,700	25	15	10
62 Health care and social assistance	65	10	55	107,190	20,475	86,720	25	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	17,830	8,980	8,850	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	25	15	10	49,900	22,440	27,460	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	37,065	16,090	20,975	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	31,305	16,235	15,075	20	10	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	410	195	210	926,320	483,455	442,860	180	75	100
English	390	190	200	878,705	460,305	418,400	175	75	100
French	0	0	0	1,250	340	915	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	6,970	3,525	3,440	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	6,955	3,525	3,430	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	7,700	3,085	4,615	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	30,355	15,535	14,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	740	340	405	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	575	325	250	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	410	195	210	926,320	483,455	442,860	180	75	100
Single responses	410	195	210	919,325	479,835	439,490	180	75	100
Official languages	405	195	210	906,220	473,040	433,180	175	75	100
English	405	195	210	903,745	472,395	431,350	175	75	100
French	0	0	0	2,475	650	1,835	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	13,105	6,795	6,310	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	13,090	6,795	6,300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	470	250	215	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	335	170	165	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	840	330	510	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	820	320	505	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	555	290	265	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	495	260	240	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,395	2,930	2,465	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	455	185	270	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	180	80	105	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,355	2,015	1,345	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,220	1,960	1,260	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	130	80	50	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,745	1,740	1,005	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	225	95	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	50	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	125	50	70	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	90	35	50	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,425	650	780	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	55	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	60	40	30	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	1,255	540	715	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	105	25	75	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	810	445	365	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	4,665	2,410	2,255	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	4,645	2,395	2,245	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,960	995	965	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,650	1,375	1,270	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	0	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	7,000	3,625	3,375	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,000	445	555	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5,765	3,065	2,695	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	130	65	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	410	195	210	926,320	483,455	442,860	180	75	100
None	390	190	200	893,045	467,350	425,695	175	75	100
English	0	0	0	6,235	2,990	3,245	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	5,615	2,385	3,230	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	17,585	8,825	8,760	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	17,465	8,780	8,690	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	660	330	335	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	330	155	175	776,010	408,680	367,335	145	60	85
Worked at home	85	35	50	215,520	105,290	110,230	20	10	15
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	2,820	2,095	725	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	0	10	113,260	83,885	29,375	25	25	0
Usual place of work	230	110	115	444,410	217,405	227,005	95	30	60
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	230	110	115	444,410	217,405	227,005	95	30	60
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	210	95	115	361,065	170,000	191,065	80	25	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	69,230	37,715	31,505	15	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0	10,095	7,060	3,035	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	4,020	2,625	1,395	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	245	115	125	557,670	301,290	256,380	120	55	65
Car, truck or van	180	80	105	473,465	261,055	212,410	100	45	60
Car, truck or van - as a driver	160	80	85	441,645	249,990	191,655	95	45	50
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	15	31,820	11,060	20,755	10	0	10
Public transit	30	15	15	40,930	17,775	23,165	10	10	0
Walked	20	15	0	22,670	10,345	12,325	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	4,355	3,240	1,115	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	16,245	8,875	7,365	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	245	115	125	557,670	301,290	256,380	120	55	65
Less than 15 minutes	45	10	30	128,460	58,155	70,310	25	0	25
15 to 29 minutes	135	70	70	242,460	130,855	111,610	75	40	35
30 to 44 minutes	55	30	20	125,765	75,100	50,660	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	31,050	18,505	12,545	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	29,930	18,665	11,265	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	245	115	125	557,670	301,290	256,380	120	55	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	37,665	27,280	10,390	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	65	40	20	100,900	63,500	37,400	35	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	25	25	143,455	75,755	67,700	30	10	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	20	40	105,095	50,620	54,475	20	10	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	15	25	79,595	35,415	44,180	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	0	15	90,950	48,715	42,230	25	10	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	105	55	55	356,225	183,250	172,980	60	35	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	25,335	12,890	12,445	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	50	330,890	170,360	160,535	55	35	25
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	30	35	259,535	133,590	125,945	45	25	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	0	18,890	9,625	9,270	0	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	9,575	4,670	4,910	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	9,315	4,955	4,360	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	240,640	123,965	116,675	45	25	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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