Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060281More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062328More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062521More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	814	...	...	2,186	...	...	7,414	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	484	...	...	682	...	...	2,401	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,267	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,830.9	...	...	4,163.0	...	...	8,811.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.44	...	...	0.53	...	...	0.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	815	335	480	2,185	1,080	1,110	7,415	3,645	3,765
0 to 14 years	95	50	45	500	250	250	1,765	890	870
0 to 4 years	25	15	10	135	75	65	700	360	345
5 to 9 years	30	15	20	130	55	70	590	285	305
10 to 14 years	40	20	20	235	115	120	465	245	220
15 to 64 years	440	200	235	1,500	740	760	5,125	2,535	2,590
15 to 19 years	40	20	20	205	95	110	390	200	185
20 to 24 years	40	25	20	90	45	50	455	215	240
25 to 29 years	45	20	30	75	40	40	620	305	315
30 to 34 years	55	25	35	120	55	65	875	415	460
35 to 39 years	55	35	25	165	85	80	805	395	410
40 to 44 years	50	25	30	195	90	105	655	320	335
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	235	120	115	490	255	230
50 to 54 years	40	15	25	190	95	95	345	185	165
55 to 59 years	35	15	20	145	80	60	270	135	140
60 to 64 years	35	15	20	80	35	40	220	110	110
65 years and over	285	85	200	185	90	95	530	225	300
65 to 69 years	45	15	35	70	35	40	170	60	110
70 to 74 years	60	20	45	55	25	25	160	80	80
75 to 79 years	50	20	25	40	20	20	85	40	45
80 to 84 years	55	15	40	10	5	5	60	25	35
85 years and over	75	20	55	10	5	5	50	15	30
85 to 89 years	40	10	35	10	5	5	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	30	10	20	0	0	0	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.7	14.9	9.4	22.9	23.1	22.5	23.8	24.4	23.1
15 to 64 years	54.0	59.7	49.0	68.6	68.5	68.5	69.1	69.5	68.8
65 years and over	35.0	25.4	41.7	8.5	8.3	8.6	7.1	6.2	8.0
85 years and over	9.2	6.0	11.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.4	0.8
Average age of the population	49.2	44.0	52.8	35.7	35.9	35.5	32.7	32.2	33.1
Median age of the population	47.6	39.6	54.4	38.0	38.4	37.6	32.8	32.4	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,265	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	675	...	...	1,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
Row house	100	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	180	...	...	0	...	...	975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	180	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,270	...	...
1 person	250	...	...	50	...	...	380	...	...
2 persons	130	...	...	175	...	...	550	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	145	...	...	405	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	205	...	...	475	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	95	...	...	465	...	...
Number of persons in private households	815	330	480	2,185	1,080	1,110	7,355	3,625	3,735
Average household size	1.8	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	720	285	430	1,680	825	855	5,655	2,760	2,895
Married or living common-law	295	145	150	1,170	590	580	3,615	1,805	1,805
Married	245	125	125	1,050	525	525	3,285	1,640	1,640
Living common-law	45	25	25	125	60	60	335	170	165
Living common law - Never married	35	20	15	80	45	40	280	145	135
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	40	20	20	40	20	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	430	140	285	515	240	270	2,040	950	1,085
Not married and not living common law - Never married	225	100	125	405	205	200	1,535	810	720
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	10	15	15	5	110	40	70
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	85	20	65	65	15	45	200	65	135
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	105	20	85	20	5	20	200	40	160
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	185	...	...	640	...	...	1,985	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...	210	...	...	695	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	150	...	...	485	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	210	...	...	555	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	70	...	...	245	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	635	...	...	1,990	...	...
Total couple families	140	...	...	580	...	...	1,725	...	...
Married couples	120	...	...	520	...	...	1,560	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	365	...	...	1,150	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	155	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	60	...	...	165	...	...
With children⁶	0	...	...	30	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	30	...	...	110	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...	55	...	...	255	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	40	...	...	40	...	...	210	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	815	330	485	2,185	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,625	3,735
Total - Persons in census families	505	235	270	2,060	1,015	1,040	6,390	3,175	3,215
Married spouses or common-law partners	280	140	145	1,165	585	580	3,455	1,725	1,730
Parents in one-parent families	50	5	45	55	15	45	260	50	205
Children⁶	175	90	85	840	420	420	2,675	1,390	1,280
In a two-parent family	100	55	50	750	375	375	2,295	1,195	1,100
In a one-parent family	75	35	40	85	45	45	380	200	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	310	100	215	125	65	60	970	450	515
Living alone	250	65	180	50	25	25	375	190	185
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	45	15	30	325	130	200
Living with non-relatives only	45	25	20	30	20	10	270	135	135
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,270	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	175	...	...	550	...	...	1,360	...	...
Couple-family households	135	...	...	510	...	...	1,200	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	355	...	...	860	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	155	...	...	340	...	...
One-parent-family households	40	...	...	40	...	...	160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	35	...	...	235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	25	...	...	135	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	10	...	...	120	...	...
One-person households	250	...	...	50	...	...	375	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	715	285	435	1,685	830	855	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	685	265	420	1,555	770	785	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	34,000	34,800	53,200	69,000	43,200	40,800	46,400	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	685	265	420	1,555	770	785	5,305	2,600	2,700
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	31,800	33,200	46,400	58,000	38,800	36,800	41,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	615	240	375	1,455	740	720	4,660	2,390	2,270
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	21,000	23,400	19,800	49,600	68,500	38,000	36,800	44,000	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	345	160	185	1,265	645	620	4,330	2,210	2,120
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,400	25,400	21,600	54,400	74,500	40,000	37,200	44,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	255	395	1,315	625	690	4,790	2,290	2,505
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,700	12,700	15,800	5,200	2,240	6,750	6,600	4,280	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	20	30	160	80	85	805	340	470
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,320	5,960	6,500	5,960	5,440	6,280	6,000	5,800	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185	80	100	415	180	235	2,205	1,070	1,135
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	10,000	8,700	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	745	290	455	1,755	870	890	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	725	280	445	1,625	800	825	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,000	48,000	43,200	70,900	89,400	53,000	46,080	53,800	38,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	725	280	445	1,625	800	825	5,445	2,675	2,775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,100	42,400	38,600	57,650	70,600	45,000	40,040	45,880	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	660	260	400	1,520	775	750	4,770	2,455	2,320
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,700	40,400	32,400	68,700	86,800	50,100	42,600	51,080	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	175	195	1,375	710	665	4,410	2,270	2,140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,400	53,200	38,800	69,300	85,800	51,800	43,280	51,700	34,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	675	260	420	1,300	605	700	4,930	2,340	2,590
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	11,200	14,750	8,090	7,320	8,740	9,670	7,900	11,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40	15	25	185	85	105	800	330	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	9,000	8,000	8,900	7,100	10,400	7,240	6,760	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	160	70	90	405	195	210	2,200	1,070	1,135
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	10,800	9,200	9,440	9,600	9,300	9,280	8,920	9,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	745	290	455	1,750	870	885	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	160	90	65	750	420	325	1,990	1,155	835
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	76,500	50,000	92,000	103,000	79,000	57,200	64,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,000	86,000	56,000	103,800	122,000	80,400	62,250	69,200	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	165	55	105	530	235	295	1,885	875	1,005
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,200	13,000	15,800	18,800	20,000	15,600	19,000	24,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	12,400	33,500	26,500	30,800	23,000	28,640	35,100	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.4	79.0	68.0	90.8	94.0	86.0	81.0	87.2	72.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	51.2	67.0	40.0	82.8	84.8	79.2	76.0	81.6	68.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.7	21.6	32.0	9.1	6.2	14.1	19.0	12.8	27.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.4	0.8	2.4	2.3	1.6	3.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	6.1	5.6	3.7	2.8	5.0	9.0	7.2	11.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	5.2	4.4	3.3	2.7	4.4	8.1	6.6	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	720	285	430	1,680	825	855	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without total income	35	15	15	130	60	70	295	135	165
With total income	690	270	415	1,555	765	790	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	30	40	145	50	100	545	225	320
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	50	125	45	85	500	205	300
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	90	190	90	100	815	365	445
$30,000 to $39,999	105	35	70	135	55	80	755	320	440
$40,000 to $49,999	75	30	45	140	60	80	675	305	365
$50,000 to $59,999	55	15	45	110	45	70	585	300	290
$60,000 to $69,999	50	15	35	115	55	55	405	225	175
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	15	95	50	45	345	200	150
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	10	70	30	40	225	140	85
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	90	50	35	135	85	50
$100,000 and over	40	20	20	345	245	95	315	235	80
$100,000 to $149,999	30	10	20	235	150	85	270	190	75
$150,000 and over	15	10	5	105	95	15	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	720	285	430	1,680	825	855	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without after-tax income	35	15	15	130	60	70	295	135	165
With after-tax income	690	270	415	1,555	765	790	5,300	2,600	2,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	30	40	155	45	105	550	225	325
$10,000 to $19,999	85	30	50	135	50	85	520	215	305
$20,000 to $29,999	160	60	95	210	100	115	965	430	535
$30,000 to $39,999	110	40	75	165	65	100	880	385	500
$40,000 to $49,999	95	35	65	170	65	100	820	410	410
$50,000 to $59,999	65	15	45	135	70	70	575	320	260
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	25	120	65	55	425	240	190
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	10	105	60	45	230	150	80
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	105	55	50	150	95	55
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	75	55	20	80	55	25
$100,000 and over	25	10	10	180	140	35	105	90	20
$100,000 to $124,999	10	0	10	95	65	30	75	55	15
$125,000 and over	10	5	5	80	80	5	35	30	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	720	285	430	1,680	825	855	5,595	2,730	2,865
Without employment income	375	125	245	415	185	235	1,265	520	745
With employment income	350	165	190	1,265	645	620	4,335	2,210	2,120
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	35	35	140	65	75	425	190	230
$5,000 to $9,999	35	20	15	80	30	50	385	140	250
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	35	125	55	70	585	260	325
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	20	105	40	65	435	200	235
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	10	75	30	45	450	220	235
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	15	85	30	55	480	245	230
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	10	70	30	35	385	205	180
$60,000 to $69,999	25	5	15	70	30	45	340	195	150
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	85	45	40	280	160	120
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	0	65	35	25	175	115	60
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	0	75	40	35	125	80	40
$100,000 and over	30	15	10	295	220	80	265	200	70
$100,000 to $124,999	15	5	10	135	80	50	165	115	55
$125,000 and over	10	10	0	165	135	25	95	85	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	715	285	435	1,685	830	855	5,595	2,735	2,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	665	260	405	1,515	760	760	5,110	2,495	2,615
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	33,200	31,400	54,400	71,000	42,800	38,800	45,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	665	260	405	1,515	760	760	5,105	2,495	2,615
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	30,800	30,600	47,600	60,000	38,400	35,200	40,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	600	235	360	1,450	735	710	4,565	2,340	2,230
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	28,400	20,000	52,400	72,000	41,200	39,600	46,800	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	160	190	1,260	650	615	4,275	2,195	2,080
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	32,400	24,400	58,000	78,000	45,200	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	630	245	385	1,220	585	630	4,530	2,160	2,365
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	1,920	13,700	1,260	900	2,880	1,050	900	3,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	10	25	115	50	60	480	195	295
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,440	x	3,400	6,500	5,640	7,950	7,100	5,280	8,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	745	290	455	1,755	870	890	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	720	275	440	1,605	790	815	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,500	44,800	41,000	70,500	88,800	52,700	43,520	51,500	35,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	720	275	440	1,605	790	815	5,250	2,580	2,670
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,900	39,200	37,000	57,050	70,200	44,400	37,600	43,560	31,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	635	250	385	1,550	780	770	4,685	2,420	2,265
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,400	34,600	69,400	86,800	51,500	43,880	51,950	35,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	175	190	1,420	735	690	4,340	2,270	2,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	51,600	43,200	70,200	85,000	54,300	44,960	52,500	36,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	665	265	395	1,210	565	640	4,725	2,250	2,475
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,960	6,900	12,040	4,470	3,740	5,120	4,860	3,216	6,355
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	20	120	60	65	520	200	320
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	...	6,000	8,400	7,000	9,600	9,280	7,650	10,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	745	290	455	1,750	870	885	5,750	2,810	2,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	100	55	745	420	325	1,955	1,145	810
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	58,000	51,600	90,000	108,000	74,000	57,200	62,800	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,000	77,000	58,000	100,000	116,000	79,200	59,000	66,000	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	145	45	95	505	230	280	1,745	825	920
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	19,200	37,200	24,000	30,200	23,600	28,200	33,600	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,000	19,000	47,000	37,000	44,400	30,800	35,000	40,800	29,850
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.5	86.0	74.0	95.2	96.8	92.4	90.0	94.6	83.6
Employment income (%)	56.4	72.0	46.0	88.2	88.8	87.2	85.4	89.8	79.4
Government transfers (%)	21.5	14.8	26.2	4.8	3.0	7.7	10.1	5.5	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	x	0.6	0.9	0.6	1.5	2.1	1.2	3.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	145,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	120,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	250	...	...	50	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	76,000	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	62,400	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	205	...	...	625	...	...	1,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	149,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	500	...	...	695	...	...	2,325	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	165,200	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,800	...	...	134,400	...	...	93,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	60	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	72,000	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	58,000	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	635	...	...	1,925	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	174,000	...	...	118,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	141,500	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	30	...	...	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	30	...	...	205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	500	...	...	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	90	...	...	375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	100	...	...	250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	165	...	...	295	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	145	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	460	...	...	675	...	...	2,270	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	20	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	25	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	40	...	...	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	50	...	...	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	40	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	450	...	...	850	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	135	...	...	345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	125	...	...	220	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	195	...	...	285	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	190	...	...	620	...	...	1,825	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	148,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	123,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	155	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	125,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	400	...	...	1,185	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	157,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	55	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	86,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	295	90	205	85	45	35	645	320	325
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	41,200	40,000	64,500	58,800	70,500	50,000	54,400	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	38,800	37,600	53,200	48,800	57,600	43,600	46,000	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	215	...	...	630	...	...	1,810	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	174,000	...	...	118,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	141,500	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	145	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	83,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	445	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	185,000	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	149,500	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	30	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	290	80	210	75	30	45	705	360	345
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,200	59,000	51,200	70,000	44,000	88,000	51,600	58,000	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	53,000	44,400	56,000	38,000	70,000	44,100	48,600	39,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	815	335	480	2,185	1,080	1,110	7,355	3,625	3,730
0 to 17 years	120	60	60	645	310	330	1,990	1,005	985
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	160	85	75	825	420	405
18 to 64 years	405	185	225	1,360	680	680	4,890	2,415	2,475
65 years and over	285	85	200	180	85	95	475	200	275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	165	65	95	65	35	30	485	225	260
0 to 17 years	35	25	10	20	10	15	165	85	80
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	5	0	5	85	50	40
18 to 64 years	75	35	40	35	20	15	270	130	140
65 years and over	55	10	40	10	5	5	50	10	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.0	20.0	20.0	2.9	3.2	2.8	6.6	6.3	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	28.0	38.0	16.0	3.8	3.6	4.0	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	30.0	x	x	x	x	10.6	11.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.5	18.0	19.0	2.6	3.0	2.0	5.6	5.4	5.7
65 years and over (%)	19.0	12.0	22.0	3.0	x	x	10.0	6.0	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	815	330	485	2,185	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
0 to 17 years	125	65	60	640	310	330	1,990	1,010	980
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	165	90	75	830	425	405
18 to 64 years	410	185	220	1,360	680	680	4,895	2,415	2,480
65 years and over	285	80	200	185	90	95	475	200	270
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	80	40	45	35	25	15	280	140	140
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	5	5	5	80	40	45
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	60	30	30	20	15	10	190	95	90
65 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.4	12.0	9.2	1.6	1.9	1.2	3.8	3.9	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	8.0	1.2	1.2	1.6	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.4	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	15.0	14.0	1.8	2.4	1.2	3.8	4.1	3.6
65 years and over (%)	4.5	x	5.0	x	x	x	2.8	2.5	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	815	335	480	2,185	1,080	1,110	7,355	3,625	3,730
In bottom half of the distribution	605	245	360	590	295	290	3,860	1,875	1,985
In bottom decile	130	60	70	65	35	25	440	215	225
In second decile	175	65	115	70	35	35	620	280	340
In third decile	135	50	85	120	55	65	745	365	380
In fourth decile	85	35	50	155	80	75	1,030	495	535
In fifth decile	80	40	45	180	90	90	1,020	515	505
In top half of the distribution	205	85	120	1,595	780	815	3,495	1,750	1,750
In sixth decile	65	25	40	255	130	130	1,000	510	490
In seventh decile	50	20	30	290	130	155	885	435	450
In eighth decile	40	20	20	330	160	170	800	400	400
In ninth decile	30	10	15	400	195	200	560	275	285
In top decile	30	10	15	320	160	160	255	125	125
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	815	...	...	2,185	...	...	7,355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.265	...	...	0.238	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.526	...	...	0.326	...	...	0.337	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.296	...	...	0.234	...	...	0.215	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	810	330	485	2,190	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
English only	730	300	430	2,030	1,020	1,010	6,650	3,320	3,330
French only	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	55	25	30	120	35	80	300	135	165
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	30	20	15	400	165	230
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	810	330	485	2,190	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	770	315	450	2,120	1,050	1,070	6,825	3,395	3,435
French	10	0	10	20	5	10	100	50	55
English and French	5	5	0	15	5	10	45	25	20
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	30	15	15	380	160	225
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	810	330	485	2,190	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	780	320	470	2,120	1,050	1,070	6,605	3,260	3,345
Official languages	460	180	275	1,660	820	840	2,720	1,365	1,355
English	445	180	270	1,645	815	830	2,635	1,325	1,305
French	10	0	10	15	5	15	85	35	45
Non-official languages	325	140	190	455	225	230	3,890	1,895	1,990
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	140	190	455	225	230	3,890	1,895	1,990
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	25	15	10	125	70	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	20	25	25	15	10	110	60	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Arabic	40	25	20	5	5	5	65	40	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	50	20	30	525	230	295
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5	20	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5	30	15	20
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	10	25	430	185	240
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	145	70	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5	85	45	45
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	60	75	255	135	120	2,805	1,395	1,405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	105	55	50	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	105	55	50	25	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	40	20	20	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	35	20	20	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	10	20	15	5	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	10	5	0	5	0	5
German	5	0	0	5	5	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	80	30	45	65	30	30	2,540	1,265	1,275
Indo-Aryan languages	50	20	30	55	30	30	2,395	1,190	1,205
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	10	5	0	65	30	35
Gujarati	0	5	5	10	5	5	150	65	80
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0	170	90	80
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	5	10	1,535	765	770
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	20	5	10	15	5	5	395	200	195
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	30	10	15	5	5	0	145	75	70
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Persian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0	90	45	45
Dari	0	0	0	5	5	0	70	40	35
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	5	5	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	60	35	30	210	110	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	5	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	25	10	10	0	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	35	20	15	200	105	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	20	10	10	20	10	10	10	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	85	40	50	65	25	40
Chinese languages	85	35	50	85	35	45	65	25	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	60	25	30	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	20	20	10	10	40	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	15	65	30	35	750	365	385
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	60	25	30	645	310	340
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	65	35	35
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	810	330	485	2,190	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
English	470	190	280	1,720	850	875	2,575	1,305	1,270
French	0	0	0	5	0	5	30	10	15
Non-official language	115	55	65	120	60	55	1,480	720	755
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	55	65	120	60	55	1,475	720	755
English and French	10	0	5	10	5	10	55	20	40
English and non-official language(s)	210	85	125	325	160	165	2,995	1,455	1,535
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	5	0	0	55	35	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	165	75	90
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	810	330	485	2,190	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,620	3,735
Single responses	770	315	455	2,115	1,050	1,060	6,555	3,235	3,320
Official languages	545	210	330	1,865	915	945	3,550	1,765	1,785
English	545	210	330	1,860	915	945	3,510	1,750	1,760
French	0	0	0	5	0	5	45	15	30
Non-official languages	225	105	125	250	130	120	3,000	1,470	1,535
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	105	125	250	130	120	3,000	1,470	1,530
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	20	15	10	90	40	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	20	15	10	80	35	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Arabic	20	10	5	10	0	5	45	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	15	5	5	345	160	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	5	285	135	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	40	140	70	65	2,290	1,140	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	30	30	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	30	30	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	25	35	35	20	15	2,130	1,075	1,060
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	30	15	10	2,030	1,020	1,010
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0	45	20	20
Gujarati	0	5	5	10	5	5	120	55	65
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,385	695	690
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	5	10	15	5	5	310	165	145
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	5	0	0	105	55	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Persian languages	20	10	10	5	0	0	65	30	30
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	30	15	10	130	55	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	10	5	5	125	55	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	15	10	10	15	10	5	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	45	55	20	25	35	15	15
Chinese languages	75	30	45	45	25	25	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	30	40	15	20	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	10	5	10	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	30	70	30	45	800	385	415
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	70	30	45	745	355	390
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	815	330	480	2,185	1,080	1,105	7,355	3,625	3,735
None	620	260	355	1,905	935	970	4,700	2,330	2,375
English	95	40	50	105	60	45	1,095	535	560
French	10	5	10	10	0	5	45	20	30
Non-official language	70	20	55	145	75	75	1,035	485	550
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	20	55	145	75	75	1,035	485	550
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	15	5	10	295	155	145
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	150	90	65
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	885	365	520	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Official languages	825	345	485	2,210	1,115	1,100	6,995	3,460	3,535
English	825	345	485	2,205	1,110	1,100	6,985	3,460	3,525
French	65	50	15	100	35	65	360	140	215
Non-official languages	400	170	230	600	325	275	5,235	2,550	2,685
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	170	230	600	325	275	5,235	2,550	2,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	40	30	10	175	100	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	40	30	10	165	100	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Arabic	20	10	10	15	10	0	125	75	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	10	0	0	725	320	405
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	10	0	0	705	305	400
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	65	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	45	65
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	65	80	390	205	185	3,585	1,795	1,790
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	180	95	85	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	180	95	85	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	90	45	45	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	15	10	10	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	10
German	10	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	105	60	45	3,210	1,620	1,585
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	90	55	35	3,035	1,535	1,500
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	15	0	0	0	110	50	50
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	0	235	110	120
Hindi	25	10	20	25	20	15	1,145	595	555
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	40	20	15	2,120	1,060	1,060
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	40	20	20	545	280	265
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	45	15	30	15	10	10	190	100	95
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Persian languages	30	10	20	15	10	10	70	25	45
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Iranian Persian	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	110	55	55	335	155	180
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	65	30	30	325	145	175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	15	10	10	0	310	140	170
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0	35	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	65	75	110	45	65	125	65	65
Chinese languages	140	65	75	110	45	65	115	60	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	45	95	45	50	30	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	35	35	20	10	15	110	50	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	885	365	515	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	30	10	20	85	40	45	80	25	55
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	15	85	40	45	80	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	50	20	30	30	15	20
Métis	25	10	15	35	20	15	50	10	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	855	355	500	2,175	1,095	1,075	7,335	3,590	3,745
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	885	365	515	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	885	365	515	2,240	1,120	1,120	7,385	3,600	3,780
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
Owner	290	...	...	665	...	...	1,575	...	...
Renter	215	...	...	30	...	...	745	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
Condominium	460	...	...	10	...	...	1,200	...	...
Not condominium	40	...	...	690	...	...	1,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	160	...	...	0	...	...	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	260	...	...	20	...	...	1,055	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	365	...	...	490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	305	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	350	...	...	60	...	...	1,205	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	75	...	...	310	...	...
6 rooms	55	...	...	110	...	...	230	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	135	...	...	250	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	320	...	...	335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.2	...	...	7.3	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
One person or fewer per room	490	...	...	680	...	...	2,065	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	15	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
Suitable	480	...	...	680	...	...	2,030	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	15	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	130	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	165	...	...	90	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	505	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	70	...	...	620	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	15	...	...	1,100	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	10	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	485	...	...	685	...	...	2,205	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	10	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
One-maintainer household	395	...	...	210	...	...	930	...	...
Two-maintainer household	105	...	...	460	...	...	1,145	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	25	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	75	...	...	605	...	...
35 to 44 years	85	...	...	230	...	...	775	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	225	...	...	455	...	...
55 to 64 years	70	...	...	105	...	...	280	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	45	...	...	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	90	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	500	...	...	695	...	...	2,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	620	...	...	1,635	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	170	...	...	75	...	...	680	...	...
30% to less than 100%	155	...	...	70	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	500	...	...	700	...	...	2,325	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	205	...	...	95	...	...	990	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	160	...	...	75	...	...	585	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	15	...	...	220	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	10	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	300	...	...	605	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	480	...	...	690	...	...	2,305	...	...
In core need	120	...	...	0	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	365	...	...	680	...	...	2,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	290	...	...	665	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	31.0	...	...	79.7	...	...	93.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.8	...	...	9.8	...	...	26.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	2,240	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...	2,048	...	...	2,072	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	492,000	...	...	420,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	286,000	...	...	496,000	...	...	399,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	210	...	...	30	...	...	750	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	36.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...	x	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	2,200	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	885	370	520	2,255	1,135	1,125	7,415	3,615	3,800
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	20	15	80	45	35	60	35	25
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	20	15	70	35	35	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	35	30	15	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	850	340	505	2,175	1,090	1,085	7,330	3,570	3,755
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	885	365	520	2,255	1,135	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	765	315	445	2,125	1,065	1,060	5,735	2,835	2,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	150	90	65	640	340	295	1,715	840	870
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	610	230	380	1,490	725	765	4,025	1,995	2,035
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	50	70	130	70	60	1,675	780	895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	885	365	520	2,255	1,135	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	465	200	265	1,710	845	860	3,035	1,520	1,515
Immigrants⁸¹	395	160	235	550	285	260	4,205	1,995	2,210
Before 1980	65	20	40	35	15	25	160	75	80
1980 to 1990	30	15	15	75	50	25	180	80	105
1991 to 2000	55	30	25	95	50	45	580	290	290
2001 to 2010	65	35	35	145	70	75	1,410	640	775
2011 to 2021⁸²	180	60	120	200	105	95	1,875	910	965
2011 to 2015	105	45	55	135	80	60	975	480	495
2016 to 2021	80	15	65	65	30	35	900	430	470
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	10	15	0	0	0	170	95	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	395	160	235	550	285	260	4,205	1,995	2,210
Under 5 years	15	10	0	30	20	10	345	170	170
5 to 14 years	55	30	30	125	65	60	635	325	315
15 to 24 years	55	20	30	60	25	40	765	330	430
25 to 44 years	185	60	120	290	150	135	1,985	960	1,025
45 years and over	80	35	45	45	25	20	485	210	275
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	395	160	235	550	285	260	4,205	1,995	2,210
Americas	10	0	10	75	30	50	345	155	195
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Mexico	0	0	0	35	20	15	35	15	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	30	0	25	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Europe	85	30	50	210	120	95	55	25	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	15	50	35	20	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	45	30	15	10	10	0
Africa	35	15	20	30	20	0	550	255	300
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0	30	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	135
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	15	15	0	220	105	110
Asia	265	110	155	225	115	110	3,205	1,535	1,670
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	0	0	85	40	40
Iran⁸⁸	20	0	20	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	90	50	40	70	35	35	35	10	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	10	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	10	0	0	685	300	390
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	30	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
India	30	10	20	50	30	15	1,665	830	835
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	15	10	340	175	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	0	0	0	150	75	75
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	10	0	10	50	20	30
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	15	65	65	30	35	900	430	470
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	20	15	10	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
Asia	50	15	40	30	15	15	610	300	310
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	230	225
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	885	365	520	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
First generation¹⁰⁰	435	185	260	580	300	270	4,420	2,110	2,320
Second generation¹⁰¹	160	80	80	450	220	230	1,990	1,010	975
Third generation or more¹⁰²	285	105	180	1,235	615	620	1,005	495	510
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	330	135	195	510	275	240	4,050	1,920	2,125
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	195	95	95	320	175	145	2,055	1,045	1,010
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	80	45	35	120	65	50	910	515	390
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	110	55	55	210	105	95	1,150	530	615
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	30	85	105	50	50	1,465	585	880
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	10	20	60	35	30	505	275	235
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	20	15	10	20	15	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	330	135	195	510	275	240	4,050	1,920	2,125
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	0	30	25	15	10	115	90	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	0	25	60	35	30	320	105	215
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	20	15	0	50	30	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	25	15	30	20	10	280	200	80
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	230	105	125	370	185	185	3,280	1,485	1,790
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	885	365	515	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	470	220	250	460	225	230	6,155	3,015	3,140
South Asian	95	50	45	105	55	50	3,335	1,665	1,670
Chinese	145	65	75	115	45	70	170	85	80
Black	75	35	40	30	20	15	715	350	370
Filipino	15	0	10	10	0	0	890	365	525
Arab	30	20	10	0	0	0	150	90	60
Latin American	0	0	0	55	25	25	300	140	160
Southeast Asian	20	15	10	0	0	0	230	110	120
West Asian	35	10	25	65	35	30	165	90	80
Korean	45	20	25	30	15	15	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	30	20	10	125	70	50
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	415	145	265	1,800	915	890	1,260	605	655
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	885	365	520	2,260	1,135	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Canadian	60	25	40	280	155	130	490	280	210
English	85	30	55	500	260	240	290	150	140
Irish	100	40	60	365	160	205	235	100	135
Scottish	120	40	75	445	245	200	205	70	130
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	25	20	165	70	95	140	70	65
German	65	15	50	420	190	230	235	115	120
Chinese	145	65	85	100	35	65	285	140	140
Italian	55	25	25	80	35	45	90	40	50
Indian (India)	40	15	25	45	25	20	1,845	900	945
Ukrainian	35	0	35	250	115	135	100	55	45
Dutch	20	0	20	60	40	20	25	15	15
Polish	15	0	15	275	140	135	45	25	15
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	15	35	100	50	50	75	45	30
Filipino	20	10	10	25	10	15	810	345	465
French Canadian	0	0	0	20	10	10	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	10	10	70	35	40	100	15	85
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	40	25	15	25	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	25	15	10	55	25	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	20	10	0	50	25	25
Russian	0	0	0	80	30	45	35	10	25
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	15	50	35	15	20
Welsh	0	0	0	65	30	35	25	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10	25	10	10
American	0	0	0	30	0	25	30	20	10
Spanish	0	0	0	55	30	30	210	90	120
Swedish	20	15	0	25	0	20	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	20	0	85	65	25
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	35	15	20	400	210	185
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	15	10	10	120	60	55
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	260	265
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	95	85
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	65
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	45	20	20	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	15	40	30	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	250	205
Austrian	10	0	10	15	0	15	20	15	0
Belgian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Mexican	0	0	0	40	20	25	30	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	20	20	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	45
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	10	0	80	30	50
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	0	15	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	10	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	70
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	885	365	515	2,260	1,140	1,120	7,415	3,615	3,800
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45
Christian	430	140	290	1,075	550	530	2,445	1,070	1,375
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	105	45	60	215	120	95	670	310	365
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	35	0	30	25	20	10	55	20	40
Baptist	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Catholic	180	55	125	545	275	270	1,230	530	700
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	85	45	40	40	25	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	0	0	55	20	40
Lutheran	15	0	15	15	0	10	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	105	145
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	50	0	45	80	40	45	20	10	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	10	0	60	30	30	30	20	10
Hindu	40	20	25	25	15	0	545	250	295
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	80	40	40	80	35	45	1,255	665	590
Sikh	0	0	0	35	15	20	1,845	940	905
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	40
No religion and secular perspectives	325	160	165	1,030	515	520	1,190	635	555
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	885	370	520	2,210	1,115	1,100	7,295	3,555	3,735
Non-movers	790	335	455	1,990	1,000	985	6,260	3,070	3,190
Movers	95	35	60	225	110	115	1,035	485	545
Non-migrants	80	30	55	165	80	85	745	360	390
Migrants	10	10	10	60	30	30	285	130	155
Internal migrants	0	0	0	50	20	30	145	65	75
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	45
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	45	20	30	75	45	35
External migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	145	60	80
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	865	350	510	2,095	1,035	1,055	6,780	3,320	3,460
Non-movers	440	190	250	1,430	710	720	3,695	1,805	1,890
Movers	425	165	260	665	330	335	3,085	1,515	1,570
Non-migrants	330	125	205	450	230	220	1,875	910	965
Migrants	95	35	60	225	100	120	1,210	605	605
Internal migrants	50	25	25	180	90	95	550	275	280
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	15	100	40	55	255	120	135
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	85	40	40	300	155	150
External migrants	45	10	35	40	15	25	655	335	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	745	290	455	1,750	870	885	5,750	2,810	2,935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	40	65	280	150	130	940	445	490
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	640	245	390	1,470	715	755	4,805	2,370	2,445
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	400	180	215	1,300	655	640	4,355	2,210	2,145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	10	15	100	70	35	440	240	205
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	370	170	200	1,200	590	610	3,915	1,975	1,945
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	745	290	455	1,755	865	885	5,745	2,815	2,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	30	55	255	130	125	885	405	480
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	190	80	110	470	235	235	1,445	680	765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	470	185	290	1,030	500	530	3,420	1,730	1,690
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	70	135	490	265	220	1,410	775	635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	20	0	90	70	15	310	240	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	20	10	10	145	105	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	65	60	0	165	140	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	115	20	95	350	165	185	880	410	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	35	30	55	35	20	225	120	100
Bachelor's degree or higher	270	110	160	535	235	305	2,015	955	1,055
Bachelor's degree	145	55	95	370	150	220	1,380	660	720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	30	15	15	140	70	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	15	0	10	40	10	30
Master's degree	75	40	35	125	70	55	440	205	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	395	180	215	1,300	660	640	4,355	2,210	2,150
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	70	45	25	390	195	190
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	75	50	25	295	160	135	960	480	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	315	125	185	935	445	485	3,010	1,535	1,475
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	30	65	435	235	195	1,170	670	500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	0	85	65	20	260	210	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	25	10	15	115	80	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	65	60	0	140	130	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	15	55	310	145	165	730	360	375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	45	25	15	175	100	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	225	100	125	495	210	285	1,840	870	970
Bachelor's degree	110	50	65	335	130	205	1,250	600	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	25	15	15	120	60	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	15	0	10	40	15	25
Master's degree	70	35	30	125	65	60	415	185	230
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	15	0	0	0	20	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	740	290	450	1,755	865	885	5,745	2,815	2,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	275	110	165	720	370	355	2,325	1,080	1,240
Education	40	0	40	70	10	55	120	25	100
13. Education	40	0	40	70	10	55	120	25	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	10	0	10	80	40	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	10	0	10	70	30	40
Humanities	15	0	15	35	10	30	240	95	145
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	10	0	10	165	75	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	20	40	120	50	70	275	75	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	25	0	10	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	20	20	0	55	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	35	15	25	55	20	35	125	60	70
Business, management and public administration	85	45	40	225	80	145	825	385	440
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	15	0	15	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	40	40	215	80	125	800	375	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	15	35	15	25	215	95	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	15	10	0	10	90	30	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	20	0	15	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	80	55	25	250	160	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	60	40	15	225	140	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	15	10	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	45	20	250	230	20	765	650	110
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
14. Engineering	30	20	15	85	80	10	315	255	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	90	80	10	180	135	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	40	40	0	110	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	25	0	85	85	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	10	0	0	40	25	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	110	20	90	165	20	145	505	125	380
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	20	85	160	20	140	475	115	360
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	35	20	10	115	65	50
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	0	15	10	10	75	35	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	395	185	220	1,300	655	645	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	85	55	30	370	210	155	1,350	670	675
Education	30	0	25	60	10	50	120	25	95
13. Education	30	0	25	60	10	50	120	25	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	10	0	10	70	30	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	10	0	10	65	30	35
Humanities	0	0	0	25	0	25	180	70	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	20	30	110	45	70	225	60	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	10	0	10	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	20	15	0	50	0	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	45	0	40
45. Social sciences	25	15	15	55	20	35	105	50	50
Business, management and public administration	50	20	30	210	75	140	735	340	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	10	0	10	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	15	25	200	75	125	710	335	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	10	30	15	20	170	70	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	10	0	10	65	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	20	10	10	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	10	70	50	20	235	150	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	60	40	15	210	135	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	35	15	225	205	20	675	585	90
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	25	15	15	80	70	10	280	225	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	75	10	145	115	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	35	35	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	20	0	75	75	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	10	0	0	30	20	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	60	15	40	150	20	125	475	120	355
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	55	15	40	140	20	120	450	115	340
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	35	20	10	95	65	35
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20	10	10	55	25	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	395	185	220	1,300	655	645	4,355	2,210	2,145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85	55	30	370	210	155	1,350	670	675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	310	130	190	930	450	485	3,010	1,540	1,470
Location of study inside Canada	205	85	120	710	325	385	1,410	760	650
Same as province or territory of residence	165	60	105	470	220	250	1,075	590	485
Different than province or territory of residence	40	25	15	240	105	135	340	170	165
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	115	45	70	225	120	100	1,600	780	825
Americas	0	0	0	55	30	25	110	45	70
United States of America	0	0	0	35	20	15	35	15	20
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Europe	15	0	0	75	35	35	75	50	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	125	55	75
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	35
Asia	85	30	55	80	45	35	1,260	610	645
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	30	20	10	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	15	10	0	0	340	165	175
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	15	10	715	350	360
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	10	115	60	55
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	745	290	455	1,755	865	890	5,745	2,815	2,930
In the labour force	345	150	190	1,345	715	635	4,395	2,300	2,095
Employed	290	140	155	1,200	640	555	3,870	2,065	1,795
Unemployed	55	15	35	150	70	75	525	225	300
Not in the labour force	405	140	265	410	155	255	1,355	515	835
Participation rate	46.3	51.7	41.8	76.6	82.7	71.3	76.5	81.7	71.5
Employment rate	38.9	48.3	34.1	68.4	74.0	62.4	67.4	73.4	61.3
Unemployment rate	15.9	10.0	18.4	11.2	9.8	11.8	11.9	9.8	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	740	290	455	1,755	865	885	5,745	2,815	2,935
Did not work¹⁸⁶	415	135	285	425	180	245	1,690	660	1,030
Worked	325	155	170	1,325	690	640	4,055	2,150	1,905
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	160	95	60	760	430	330	2,030	1,190	840
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	165	55	110	570	260	310	2,025	955	1,065
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	43.2	36.2	40.5	42.0	39.0	39.3	41.0	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	345	155	190	1,345	710	640	4,395	2,300	2,095
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	45	20	30	140	50	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	315	150	170	1,300	690	610	4,255	2,245	2,010
Employee	295	135	160	1,140	585	560	3,665	1,840	1,825
Permanent position	250	125	120	970	500	470	3,085	1,595	1,485
Temporary position	45	10	35	170	85	85	580	240	340
Fixed term (1 year or more)	20	0	15	45	30	15	230	110	120
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	10	20	125	55	65	350	130	225
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	15	10	160	110	55	590	405	180
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	345	155	190	1,345	710	640	4,395	2,300	2,095
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	45	20	30	140	50	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	315	150	170	1,300	690	610	4,255	2,245	2,010
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	285	60	230	640	165	470
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	145	125	20	355	270	85
3 Health occupations	45	10	35	130	20	110	340	110	230
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	0	40	135	60	80	325	105	225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	20	15	0	55	35	25
6 Sales and service occupations	85	35	50	295	155	135	1,245	485	755
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	45	10	205	195	0	1,050	915	135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	30	30	0	35	20	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	45	30	15	195	120	70
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	345	155	190	1,345	710	640	4,395	2,300	2,095
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	0	20	45	20	30	140	50	80
All industries¹⁹¹	315	150	170	1,300	690	610	4,255	2,245	2,010
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	70	45	25	75	60	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	25	15	0	30	20	10
23 Construction	30	25	10	140	125	10	300	240	60
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	35	20	15	200	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	55	25	30	150	65	80
44-45 Retail trade	30	15	20	170	90	80	640	285	350
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	0	45	35	15	665	525	135
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	30	20	10	110	60	50
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	70	15	55	135	50	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20	0	20	40	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	15	15	150	105	45	260	140	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	10	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	20	20	10	250	130	120
61 Educational services	50	10	40	90	25	65	155	80	80
62 Health care and social assistance	50	15	40	165	25	145	540	145	395
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	15	15	0	40	20	25
72 Accommodation and food services	40	10	25	50	20	35	300	110	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	60	40	20	180	65	115
91 Public administration	10	10	0	60	35	25	145	75	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	350	170	185	1,415	735	675	4,530	2,375	2,155
English	310	155	155	1,375	715	660	4,095	2,175	1,925
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10	75	40	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	20	10	10	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	0	25
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	10	10	0	320	155	165
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	350	170	185	1,415	735	675	4,530	2,375	2,155
Single responses	350	170	185	1,415	735	675	4,435	2,335	2,100
Official languages	330	160	175	1,390	720	665	4,300	2,280	2,025
English	330	160	175	1,385	720	665	4,290	2,275	2,015
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official languages	20	0	10	25	20	10	135	60	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	0	10	25	20	10	135	60	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	350	170	185	1,415	735	675	4,530	2,375	2,155
None	315	160	155	1,400	730	670	4,265	2,250	2,015
English	15	0	10	10	0	0	50	15	35
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0	110	55	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	0	0	0	110	55	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	50	35
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	290	140	155	1,200	640	560	3,865	2,070	1,800
Worked at home	75	30	45	395	195	200	680	330	350
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	20	10
No fixed workplace address	30	20	10	120	95	20	760	555	205
Usual place of work	180	85	100	670	340	330	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	180	80	100	670	340	335	2,400	1,165	1,235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	170	70	100	600	295	310	2,025	980	1,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	45	30	10	315	150	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	20	10	10	35	30	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	210	100	110	790	435	350	3,160	1,725	1,435
Car, truck or van	145	70	75	750	430	320	2,820	1,610	1,205
Car, truck or van - as a driver	130	70	60	725	425	300	2,595	1,565	1,035
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	30	10	20	215	50	170
Public transit	45	25	15	20	0	15	260	65	195
Walked	20	0	20	10	0	10	25	0	20
Bicycle	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	10	0	10	65	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	210	100	110	790	435	350	3,160	1,725	1,435
Less than 15 minutes	35	0	30	185	75	110	500	260	240
15 to 29 minutes	95	45	45	335	200	135	1,435	805	635
30 to 44 minutes	75	40	30	215	125	90	830	460	370
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	25	10	10	190	95	95
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	40	35	0	205	105	100
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	210	100	110	790	435	350	3,160	1,725	1,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	10	55	45	15	235	135	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	30	0	175	115	60	520	335	185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30	15	0	225	120	110	725	405	320
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	10	30	150	80	70	550	245	300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	15	25	75	25	50	415	185	235
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	60	25	30	105	55	50	715	420	300
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	120	60	60	660	315	340	2,010	1,020	990
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	20	5	15	80	40	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	55	55	635	315	325	1,935	980	960
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	50	50	515	240	270	1,275	645	630
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	5	20	5	15	55	30	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	10	0	10	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	10	30	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	45	45	495	235	260	1,215	615	605

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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