Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060252More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061578More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062297More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	475	...	...	1,097	...	...	2,629	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	157	...	...	637	...	...	770	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	153	...	...	621	...	...	760	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,769.8	...	...	4,860.4	...	...	3,593.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.13	...	...	0.23	...	...	0.73	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	475	260	215	1,095	520	575	2,630	1,305	1,320
0 to 14 years	110	65	45	130	80	50	745	375	370
0 to 4 years	20	15	10	55	35	20	195	100	95
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	45	25	20	270	130	140
10 to 14 years	60	40	25	30	15	10	280	150	135
15 to 64 years	300	155	145	835	390	450	1,760	870	890
15 to 19 years	25	15	15	40	15	25	180	80	100
20 to 24 years	25	20	0	100	40	55	120	55	65
25 to 29 years	20	5	10	100	45	55	110	45	60
30 to 34 years	20	10	15	120	55	65	170	75	95
35 to 39 years	40	15	20	95	45	50	250	115	140
40 to 44 years	40	20	25	90	50	45	310	160	155
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	70	35	40	255	140	115
50 to 54 years	40	25	20	55	25	30	175	95	80
55 to 59 years	20	15	10	75	35	40	105	55	50
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	80	40	40	85	50	35
65 years and over	65	35	25	130	55	75	125	60	60
65 to 69 years	25	15	15	50	25	30	55	25	30
70 to 74 years	20	10	5	55	25	30	30	15	20
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	15	5	5	25	10	10
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	10	0	5	10	10	5
85 years and over	5	5	0	5	0	5	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.2	25.0	20.9	11.9	15.4	8.7	28.3	28.7	28.0
15 to 64 years	63.2	59.6	67.4	76.3	75.0	78.3	66.9	66.7	67.4
65 years and over	13.7	13.5	11.6	11.9	10.6	13.0	4.8	4.6	4.5
85 years and over	1.1	1.9	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.9	0.4	0.0	0.4
Average age of the population	37.9	36.6	39.4	39.5	38.2	40.7	32.2	32.6	31.8
Median age of the population	39.2	36.8	42.0	38.0	36.8	38.8	34.8	35.6	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	155	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	0	...	...	665	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	235	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	65	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	320	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	155	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	300	...	...	60	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	225	...	...	165	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	60	...	...	155	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	35	...	...	220	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5	...	...	160	...	...
Number of persons in private households	475	255	220	1,090	520	575	2,625	1,305	1,315
Average household size	3.1	...	...	1.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	365	190	175	970	445	520	1,885	930	955
Married or living common-law	240	115	120	440	215	230	1,280	635	645
Married	215	105	110	270	125	145	1,145	570	575
Living common-law	25	10	10	170	85	85	140	65	70
Living common law - Never married	20	15	10	140	70	70	105	50	55
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	30	15	15	25	15	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	125	70	50	525	230	295	605	295	310
Not married and not living common law - Never married	90	60	30	350	165	185	475	245	235
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	0	5	40	15	25	35	20	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	110	45	70	65	30	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	5	0	20	5	20	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	280	...	...	715	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	190	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	55	...	...	170	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	30	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	120	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	275	...	...	715	...	...
Total couple families	115	...	...	210	...	...	625	...	...
Married couples	100	...	...	130	...	...	560	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	55	...	...	430	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	75	...	...	130	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	85	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	70	...	...	35	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	65	...	...	90	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	55	...	...	55	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	475	255	220	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
Total - Persons in census families	430	225	200	675	330	345	2,440	1,215	1,225
Married spouses or common-law partners	230	120	120	420	210	215	1,250	625	630
Parents in one-parent families	20	5	15	65	10	50	90	30	60
Children⁶	175	105	65	190	110	75	1,100	555	545
In a two-parent family	145	90	50	100	65	40	935	475	460
In a one-parent family	35	20	15	85	50	35	160	80	80
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	45	30	15	415	190	230	180	95	85
Living alone	15	10	5	300	130	165	60	30	25
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	25	15	10	65	35	35
Living with non-relatives only	20	10	5	100	45	50	55	30	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	150	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	255	...	...	585	...	...
Couple-family households	100	...	...	195	...	...	525	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	65	...	...	405	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	135	...	...	125	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	60	...	...	60	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	50	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	300	...	...	60	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	365	190	170	960	440	525	1,880	930	950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	185	165	925	420	510	1,750	880	875
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	39,600	42,400	40,000	44,800	36,800	48,000	56,800	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	185	165	925	420	510	1,750	880	875
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	37,600	38,800	36,400	40,000	34,000	43,200	48,800	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	175	155	810	375	435	1,595	815	780
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	36,000	38,000	34,000	40,800	30,400	46,000	57,200	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	140	130	710	335	380	1,455	745	705
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	34,400	40,800	36,000	42,800	31,000	48,800	59,200	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	160	150	845	370	475	1,510	725	780
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,850	6,080	9,100	9,200	7,600	10,300	6,320	4,480	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40	20	15	130	60	65	235	100	135
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,280	x	5,920	6,200	5,760	6,000	6,280	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	60	45	345	150	195	660	320	340
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,000	12,000	9,500	10,300	8,500	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	395	205	190	950	425	520	2,040	1,005	1,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	195	175	925	420	500	1,925	970	955
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,200	62,800	52,800	48,800	54,800	43,800	56,750	65,600	47,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	195	175	925	420	500	1,925	970	955
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	51,200	46,000	41,900	46,000	38,600	48,080	54,100	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	340	180	160	805	360	440	1,690	850	840
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,600	60,000	46,800	45,500	54,000	38,400	55,050	66,200	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	155	140	695	320	375	1,560	785	775
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	53,000	49,000	47,800	57,000	40,000	55,450	66,800	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	180	150	805	355	450	1,690	845	840
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,240	10,200	10,400	10,640	9,760	11,320	9,470	8,220	10,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	40	15	120	50	70	220	95	130
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,500	5,000	5,100	3,900	6,000	6,750	8,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	65	45	305	120	180	770	390	385
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,800	9,200	8,600	10,000	7,700	9,320	9,320	9,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	395	205	190	950	430	520	2,035	1,005	1,035
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	120	60	60	305	170	140	730	420	310
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	93,000	66,000	65,500	71,500	59,200	71,000	76,500	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,000	88,000	66,000	74,000	83,000	64,000	76,800	84,000	67,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	120	70	50	305	115	195	660	280	385
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,600	11,900	24,400	18,800	17,000	20,400	23,400	39,200	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,000	29,000	44,000	27,200	28,000	26,800	38,000	50,400	28,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	86.0	84.0	81.2	85.0	76.5	85.4	88.8	80.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.0	66.0	74.0	74.0	79.5	68.0	79.4	82.8	74.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.5	14.6	17.0	19.0	14.9	23.2	14.7	11.0	19.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.8	1.0	1.4	0.9	1.9	1.4	1.2	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	5.0	5.4	6.6	5.7	7.5	7.2	6.0	8.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.8	4.4	5.9	5.2	6.5	6.6	5.7	7.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	365	190	175	960	435	520	1,880	930	945
Without total income	20	10	10	35	20	20	125	50	80
With total income	345	180	170	925	420	505	1,755	880	870
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	20	20	60	30	35	155	60	100
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	15	90	30	60	155	80	75
$20,000 to $29,999	45	30	15	180	75	105	260	115	145
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	25	130	55	75	180	65	110
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	15	115	50	65	155	75	75
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	90	50	45	140	65	75
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	85	40	45	130	65	60
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	40	25	15	125	65	55
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	10	40	20	20	95	55	40
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	25	10	15	80	50	30
$100,000 and over	60	35	25	70	45	30	280	190	90
$100,000 to $149,999	40	20	20	55	30	20	220	140	75
$150,000 and over	20	10	5	20	10	10	65	50	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	365	190	175	960	435	520	1,880	930	945
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	35	20	20	125	50	80
With after-tax income	345	180	170	925	420	505	1,755	880	870
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	60	25	35	160	60	100
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	100	35	70	155	80	80
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	25	195	85	110	300	135	170
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	25	160	65	100	200	75	125
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	130	65	65	210	105	105
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	115	55	55	155	80	80
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	10	45	25	25	160	85	70
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	40	20	25	115	65	50
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	30	20	10	105	60	45
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	20	10	5	55	35	20
$100,000 and over	30	20	10	30	15	15	140	105	35
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	20	10	10	90	65	25
$125,000 and over	15	10	5	10	5	5	50	40	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	365	190	175	960	435	520	1,880	930	945
Without employment income	90	50	45	255	105	150	425	190	240
With employment income	275	145	130	710	330	375	1,450	745	710
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	75	25	50	155	65	90
$5,000 to $9,999	25	15	15	55	20	40	135	50	85
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	15	95	55	45	155	60	100
$20,000 to $29,999	20	5	10	75	30	45	120	60	60
$30,000 to $39,999	15	10	5	75	30	50	85	40	40
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	10	55	35	25	95	50	45
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	65	35	35	120	60	60
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	0	55	25	25	110	55	55
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	35	30	5	95	50	45
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	10	25	15	15	75	45	25
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	25	10	20	75	45	30
$100,000 and over	45	25	20	60	30	25	245	170	75
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	10	35	25	15	120	75	45
$125,000 and over	20	15	5	25	10	15	120	95	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	365	190	170	960	440	525	1,880	930	950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	175	160	900	400	500	1,710	865	845
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	42,400	38,800	37,200	44,400	31,400	47,200	58,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	175	160	900	400	500	1,710	865	845
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,400	34,800	33,600	39,600	30,000	42,400	50,400	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	165	150	780	355	430	1,595	825	775
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,000	35,200	38,000	45,200	31,800	47,200	58,400	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	265	135	125	690	325	375	1,460	760	695
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,000	40,000	39,600	46,400	34,400	48,400	60,400	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	145	150	810	355	450	1,420	680	740
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,680	970	4,920	1,080	1,000	1,940	1,250	900	3,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	15	5	5	80	45	35	150	60	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,440	5,080	5,640	6,360	4,800	8,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	395	205	190	950	425	520	2,040	1,005	1,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	200	160	895	405	495	1,870	955	915
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,000	60,000	48,400	45,600	52,600	40,000	56,350	65,200	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	200	160	895	405	495	1,870	955	915
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	49,600	42,400	38,800	43,200	35,200	47,600	53,900	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325	185	140	775	350	425	1,730	890	840
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,400	60,800	46,000	45,500	54,600	38,200	56,300	66,600	45,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	150	120	670	315	355	1,600	835	765
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	56,000	52,000	48,600	56,000	42,000	56,550	66,200	46,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	170	145	800	360	440	1,600	800	795
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,120	4,320	8,200	7,240	6,440	7,920	5,040	3,640	6,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	95	50	45	170	80	95
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	...	...	9,000	8,000	10,400	7,500	5,400	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	395	205	190	950	430	520	2,035	1,005	1,035
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	60	50	310	175	140	725	415	315
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	61,200	56,400	58,800	65,500	55,600	70,500	72,000	61,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,000	72,000	64,000	65,500	73,500	56,000	74,200	80,800	65,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	120	70	50	270	100	175	640	290	350
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	24,600	19,000	30,200	30,000	30,200	32,000	40,000	24,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,000	40,000	42,000	35,200	35,000	35,600	43,100	54,000	33,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.0	84.0	86.0	89.0	82.0	92.4	95.2	88.0
Employment income (%)	74.0	70.0	78.0	79.6	82.0	76.0	85.8	88.8	81.6
Government transfers (%)	9.8	6.2	15.2	14.2	11.0	17.6	7.7	4.7	11.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	x	x	2.2	2.0	2.4	1.2	0.7	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	155	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	54,400	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	15	...	...	300	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	42,800	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	39,200	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	140	...	...	325	...	...	700	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	79,500	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	72,400	...	...	138,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	62,200	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	295	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	56,400	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	46,800	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	325	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	87,200	...	...	142,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	76,400	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	155	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	60	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	50	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	45	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	140	...	...	520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	55	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	145	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	20	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	155	...	...	620	...	...	760	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	45	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	35	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	75	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	50	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	60	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	100	...	...	440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	20	...	...	170	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	135	...	...	285	...	...	685	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	135	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	74,500	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	70	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	60	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	54,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	51,600	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	35	20	10	395	175	220	115	65	50
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	26,400	x	40,800	44,000	38,400	60,000	60,400	59,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	26,400	x	37,200	39,200	35,200	50,000	50,000	49,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	275	...	...	720	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	120	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	70	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	70	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	35	30	0	400	195	210	130	95	30
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	28,000	...	51,600	56,800	46,800	67,000	69,000	60,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	24,000	...	43,400	46,800	40,000	55,000	56,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	475	260	215	1,090	520	575	2,625	1,305	1,315
0 to 17 years	125	75	50	145	90	55	860	430	435
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	65	45	20	250	130	120
18 to 64 years	290	150	135	815	375	440	1,635	815	820
65 years and over	65	35	25	130	55	75	125	65	60
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	50	30	15	225	100	120	140	70	70
0 to 17 years	20	15	5	35	20	15	55	25	30
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	15	5	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	160	70	95	80	45	30
65 years and over	10	5	5	25	10	15	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	12.0	8.0	20.6	20.0	21.2	5.3	5.4	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	20.0	x	24.0	22.0	28.0	6.2	5.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	30.0	36.0	20.0	8.0	9.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	7.0	7.0	20.0	18.5	20.8	4.6	5.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0	20.0	24.0	18.0	8.0	6.0	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	475	255	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
0 to 17 years	125	75	50	145	90	55	865	430	435
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	65	45	20	250	130	115
18 to 64 years	285	150	140	820	375	445	1,635	820	815
65 years and over	65	35	30	130	50	75	120	60	65
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	15	10	140	65	75	100	50	45
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	20	15	10	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	15	10	5	115	50	65	60	40	25
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	7.0	3.0	13.0	12.0	13.6	3.7	4.0	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	14.0	14.0	12.0	4.0	3.6	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	24.0	x	4.5	5.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	7.0	4.0	14.2	12.8	15.2	3.7	4.4	3.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	475	260	215	1,090	520	575	2,625	1,305	1,315
In bottom half of the distribution	210	120	90	705	330	375	1,055	525	530
In bottom decile	50	30	15	190	85	110	130	70	60
In second decile	30	20	10	140	60	80	150	60	90
In third decile	60	30	25	145	70	75	250	125	125
In fourth decile	40	20	20	120	60	60	205	110	100
In fifth decile	30	15	15	100	50	45	315	155	160
In top half of the distribution	265	145	120	390	190	200	1,565	785	785
In sixth decile	50	30	25	105	55	55	345	175	170
In seventh decile	50	25	25	90	45	50	325	160	165
In eighth decile	50	30	20	80	35	45	305	145	155
In ninth decile	55	25	25	55	30	30	350	180	170
In top decile	65	35	30	60	30	35	240	120	120
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	475	...	...	1,095	...	...	2,625	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.268	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.430	...	...	0.476	...	...	0.360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.293	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.239	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	475	260	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
English only	425	235	190	975	455	520	2,440	1,215	1,220
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	30	10	15	100	50	50	110	55	55
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	20	10	5	70	30	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	475	260	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
English	445	245	205	1,045	495	555	2,535	1,270	1,270
French	0	0	0	20	10	10	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	0
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	15	10	5	70	35	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	475	260	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
Single responses	450	250	200	1,040	495	545	2,470	1,245	1,225
Official languages	190	100	90	830	390	435	1,700	875	825
English	185	100	85	805	380	425	1,690	875	820
French	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	10
Non-official languages	265	145	110	215	105	110	765	365	405
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	265	145	110	215	105	110	765	365	405
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	55	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	30	20	15	40	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	35	15	20	70	35	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	20	10	10	50	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	35	25	90	45	40	325	160	170
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	20	10	10	15	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	20	10	10	15	5	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
Russian	5	0	5	10	5	0	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	25	15	10	205	105	105
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	25	10	10	175	85	85
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0	70	40	35
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	5	0	0	70	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5	5	5	0	35	20	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	0	5	5	0	0	35	20	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	5	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	35	20	15	85	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	5	5	0	25	20	5	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	5	5	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	45	20	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	85	70	15	5	10	190	90	100
Chinese languages	155	90	65	15	5	10	190	90	100
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	65	45	10	0	10	55	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	25	20	0	0	0	120	60	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	5	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	55	25	30	155	70	90
English and French	5	5	0	5	0	5	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	35	20	20	125	55	75
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	475	260	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
English	230	120	105	835	390	445	1,685	860	820
French	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-official language	75	40	30	65	35	30	210	95	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	30	65	35	30	210	95	115
English and French	5	5	0	10	5	5	20	5	15
English and non-official language(s)	160	90	70	160	80	80	675	325	350
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	5	0	5	25	15	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	475	260	215	1,095	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
Single responses	430	230	200	1,055	500	555	2,445	1,215	1,225
Official languages	270	150	125	925	430	495	1,985	995	985
English	270	150	125	915	430	490	1,980	995	985
French	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-official languages	160	80	80	130	65	65	465	220	240
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	80	80	130	65	65	465	220	240
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	45	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	5	5	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	55	30	25	215	100	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	10	5	5	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	5	10	5	5	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	25	10	15	145	70	75
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	25	10	15	115	55	60
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5	50	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	5	30	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	5	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	10	5	5	130	65	65
Chinese languages	110	55	55	10	5	5	130	65	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	45	40	5	0	5	45	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	10	0	0	0	80	45	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	35	15	15	180	90	90
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	30	20	15	170	85	85
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	475	255	220	1,090	515	575	2,625	1,310	1,315
None	340	190	150	935	440	490	2,045	1,025	1,015
English	65	30	35	55	30	25	205	105	100
French	5	5	0	5	0	5	20	5	10
Non-official language	55	30	25	65	35	35	295	140	155
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	30	25	60	30	30	295	140	155
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	10	5	5	30	10	20
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	480	265	220	1,095	520	575	2,805	1,385	1,420
Official languages	475	255	220	1,080	505	575	2,665	1,325	1,340
English	475	255	220	1,075	500	575	2,665	1,325	1,340
French	0	0	0	95	45	45	135	50	80
Non-official languages	285	140	145	300	125	175	1,235	575	665
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	285	140	145	300	125	175	1,235	575	665
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50	15	30	60	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	15	50	30	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	15	15	0	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	115	55	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	15	25	115	55	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	30	150	65	85	560	265	300
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	30	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	30	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10	15	0	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	0	15	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	25	0	15	15	10	10
German	0	0	0	25	0	15	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20	25	15	10	350	175	170
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	25	10	10	300	150	150
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	25	10	10	80	45	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	80	40	40	155	60	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Spanish	10	0	10	65	30	35	55	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	205	105	105	25	20	0	265	105	155
Chinese languages	205	105	105	25	20	0	265	105	155
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	95	90	20	15	0	95	30	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	25	0	0	0	180	80	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	480	265	215	1,095	515	575	2,800	1,390	1,415
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	0	10	35	10	30	65	30	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	0	10	35	10	30	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	10	0	10	30	20	15
Métis	0	0	0	25	10	20	20	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	460	260	205	1,055	505	550	2,740	1,355	1,385
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	480	265	215	1,095	515	575	2,800	1,390	1,415
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	480	265	215	1,090	515	570	2,800	1,390	1,415
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Owner	115	...	...	180	...	...	690	...	...
Renter	45	...	...	445	...	...	95	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	235	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	155	...	...	390	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	220	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	285	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	100	...	...	345	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	10	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	380	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	85	...	...	155	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	90	...	...	125	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	35	...	...	155	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	30	...	...	295	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	4.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
One person or fewer per room	155	...	...	610	...	...	760	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Suitable	145	...	...	565	...	...	720	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	55	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	30	...	...	265	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...	210	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	80	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	25	...	...	385	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	285	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	135	...	...	605	...	...	765	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
One-maintainer household	60	...	...	415	...	...	230	...	...
Two-maintainer household	80	...	...	200	...	...	475	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	135	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	140	...	...	305	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	50	...	...	210	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	155	...	...	115	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	65	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	150	...	...	625	...	...	785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	115	...	...	375	...	...	660	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	250	...	...	125	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	210	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	155	...	...	620	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	295	...	...	195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	30	...	...	220	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	45	...	...	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	95	...	...	325	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	155	...	...	585	...	...	775	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	165	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	150	...	...	420	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	175	...	...	690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.0	...	...	62.9	...	...	84.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.2	...	...	34.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	12.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...	1,640	...	...	2,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...	1,600	...	...	2,012	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	548,000	...	...	324,000	...	...	468,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	340,000	...	...	479,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40	...	...	445	...	...	100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	10.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	50.0	...	...	42.7	...	...	20.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	32.9	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,040	...	...	1,260	...	...	1,900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	1,268	...	...	1,880	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	480	265	215	1,095	515	580	2,805	1,390	1,415
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	35	10	25	60	25	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	35	10	25	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	10	0	35	15	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	470	260	210	1,050	505	545	2,735	1,360	1,380
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	480	265	215	1,095	520	580	2,805	1,385	1,420
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	435	240	195	945	450	500	2,510	1,245	1,270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	60	40	155	90	60	800	390	410
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	330	180	155	795	360	435	1,710	850	860
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	45	25	20	145	65	80	295	145	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	480	265	215	1,095	520	580	2,805	1,385	1,420
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	215	125	90	795	380	415	1,665	840	820
Immigrants⁸¹	255	135	125	280	120	160	1,085	525	565
Before 1980	20	0	10	35	25	0	85	50	30
1980 to 1990	10	0	10	10	0	10	105	55	55
1991 to 2000	45	25	10	25	15	10	185	85	105
2001 to 2010	105	55	50	65	25	45	350	165	185
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	40	40	150	60	85	365	170	195
2011 to 2015	55	25	30	70	25	45	195	95	105
2016 to 2021	30	20	10	80	35	40	170	80	90
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	20	20	0	55	20	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	260	135	120	280	120	160	1,090	525	565
Under 5 years	35	15	25	45	30	10	95	35	60
5 to 14 years	65	45	25	45	25	20	235	130	105
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	20	0	20	170	85	85
25 to 44 years	125	65	65	160	65	95	470	210	260
45 years and over	10	10	0	15	0	10	120	65	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	260	135	120	280	120	160	1,090	525	565
Americas	0	0	0	45	30	15	75	35	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	10	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	15	60	30	30	140	75	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	20	0	15	55	30	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	45	20	25	200	90	115
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10	30	0	25
Asia	205	105	95	130	45	85	665	315	345
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	145	75	70	0	0	0	105	50	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	10	0	0	0	35	10	20
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	45	20	25	100	35	65
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
India	0	0	0	15	0	10	90	50	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	0	35	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	20	10	75	40	40	170	80	90
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10	35	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	15	0	55	25	25	120	55	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	15	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	25	15	10	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	480	265	215	1,095	520	575	2,805	1,385	1,415
First generation¹⁰⁰	270	140	130	315	145	165	1,165	550	615
Second generation¹⁰¹	90	55	40	210	90	120	705	335	370
Third generation or more¹⁰²	115	70	50	575	280	295	930	505	430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	245	130	115	250	100	145	1,010	475	535
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	195	100	90	150	70	85	595	295	300
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	40	25	75	25	45	200	145	55
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	130	65	65	80	40	35	395	155	245
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	20	0	60	20	40	255	120	135
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	40	15	25	150	65	95
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	245	130	115	250	100	145	1,010	475	535
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	10	20	10	10	25	15	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	55	15	35	100	60	45
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	30	15	10	0	10	30	25	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	25	15	10	60	30	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	165	90	75	145	60	85	790	350	440
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	480	265	215	1,095	520	575	2,800	1,390	1,415
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	295	145	145	330	165	165	1,530	705	825
South Asian	55	35	20	35	25	10	380	180	200
Chinese	220	105	110	25	15	10	270	115	160
Black	25	10	10	80	40	40	300	140	160
Filipino	0	0	0	70	25	40	160	85	70
Arab	0	0	0	25	20	10	40	15	30
Latin American	0	0	0	35	20	15	70	25	40
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	20	0	15	145	65	80
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	10	10	0	90	45	45
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	180	115	70	765	355	410	1,275	685	595
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	475	265	215	1,095	520	580	2,805	1,385	1,420
Canadian	50	25	25	115	45	65	315	185	135
English	40	30	10	155	65	90	430	235	195
Irish	50	25	20	145	50	95	240	125	110
Scottish	50	35	20	190	65	120	345	190	150
French, n.o.s.¹²²	25	15	10	85	60	25	125	65	60
German	45	30	10	115	65	55	170	85	85
Chinese	175	90	90	25	10	10	325	130	195
Italian	25	20	0	40	20	25	80	40	35
Indian (India)	20	15	0	25	15	10	75	35	40
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	40	25	100	40	60
Dutch	15	10	0	45	15	30	35	30	10
Polish	15	10	10	70	35	35	85	55	30
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	40	15	25	35	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	70	35	40	185	100	85
French Canadian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	60	30	35	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	25	0	25	20	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	30	20	10	60	35	30
Russian	15	10	10	25	10	15	45	25	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	10	15	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	25	10	15	30	20	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
American	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	10	20	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	40	20	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	20	50	15	35
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	40	20	20	45	20	25
Jewish	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Romanian	0	0	0	20	20	0	80	40	45
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	0	10	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	35
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	20	0	25	0	20
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	480	265	215	1,095	515	575	2,800	1,390	1,415
Buddhist	20	10	10	0	0	0	65	30	35
Christian	110	60	50	495	210	285	1,230	570	660
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	15	15	115	50	60	340	150	190
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	10	10	0	25	10	15	30	15	15
Baptist	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	15	10	10	205	90	115	580	280	305
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10	0	0	0	95	40	55
Presbyterian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	15	10	0	30	15	20	25	10	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	10	35	15	30	35	20	10
Hindu	0	0	0	25	20	0	25	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	25	15	15	45	20	25	275	135	135
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	305	175	130	490	250	245	1,090	595	500
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	480	265	215	1,080	505	580	2,755	1,365	1,395
Non-movers	450	250	195	815	375	440	2,555	1,250	1,300
Movers	30	10	20	265	130	135	205	110	90
Non-migrants	20	10	10	220	120	100	150	80	70
Migrants	10	0	10	45	10	35	50	30	20
Internal migrants	10	0	10	45	10	35	25	20	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	20	0	20	20	15	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	460	250	205	1,035	470	565	2,575	1,260	1,320
Non-movers	305	170	130	395	175	215	1,740	875	865
Movers	160	80	75	640	295	345	840	390	455
Non-migrants	110	55	50	430	195	235	490	225	260
Migrants	50	25	25	215	105	110	350	160	195
Internal migrants	15	0	10	145	70	75	220	110	110
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	70	30	35	125	65	65
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	40	40	95	45	50
External migrants	30	15	15	65	30	40	130	50	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	395	205	190	950	430	520	2,035	1,005	1,035
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	35	25	120	65	55	360	180	180
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	335	170	160	830	365	470	1,675	820	855
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	270	130	135	720	350	370	1,565	805	755
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	10	15	75	40	30	185	100	85
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	235	120	120	650	310	335	1,375	705	675
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	395	205	185	950	425	520	2,040	1,000	1,030
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	25	20	105	70	45	335	165	165
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	85	40	40	315	140	175	555	265	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	265	140	125	525	220	310	1,150	570	580
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	60	45	190	75	110	485	285	200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	45	30	15	120	100	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	35	20	15	100	95	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	55	20	115	35	75	335	160	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	30	10	20	25	25	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	75	75	340	145	190	660	285	375
Bachelor's degree	75	25	45	235	115	120	490	190	295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	30	10	20	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	55	40	20	70	20	45	120	60	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	265	130	135	725	350	370	1,560	805	755
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	15	60	40	20	170	95	75
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	15	15	195	105	85	380	210	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	210	100	105	470	205	265	1,015	505	510
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	40	45	155	65	90	420	250	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	40	30	15	105	85	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	35	25	15	95	85	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	40	20	95	30	60	290	140	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	20	20	0	15	30	25	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	130	65	65	315	140	175	595	255	340
Bachelor's degree	60	15	40	220	105	110	435	170	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	25	0	20	25	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	55	35	20	60	25	40	110	55	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	390	205	185	950	430	525	2,040	1,005	1,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	70	65	425	210	215	890	430	460
Education	0	0	0	45	10	35	50	10	40
13. Education	0	0	0	45	10	35	50	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	15	10	10	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	15	10	10	15	0	15
Humanities	0	0	0	35	10	30	65	30	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	20	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	0	85	30	50	130	55	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	35	20	20
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	30	30	0	40	20	25
Business, management and public administration	65	30	30	145	55	95	240	85	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	30	25	140	55	85	225	80	145
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	15	0	0	70	30	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	30	25	0	50	45	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	25	25	0	40	40	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	80	50	20	70	65	0	295	235	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	35	20	10	30	30	0	100	70	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	15	10	20	20	0	65	45	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	15	15	0	35	30	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	20	0	15	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	0	35	65	20	50	170	40	130
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	25	60	20	40	160	35	125
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	15	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	265	135	130	720	350	370	1,560	805	755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	55	30	30	255	145	105	545	305	245
Education	0	0	0	45	10	35	45	10	40
13. Education	0	0	0	45	10	35	45	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	15	10	10	10	0	10
Humanities	0	0	0	30	0	25	60	30	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	0	70	25	45	115	45	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	15	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	25	25	0	40	20	20
Business, management and public administration	45	20	25	130	50	80	220	75	150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	20	25	125	50	75	205	75	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	15	0	10	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	30	25	0	50	45	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	25	25	0	40	40	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	40	20	60	55	0	250	210	45
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	40	20	10	30	30	0	85	65	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	10	15	10	0	45	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	35	25	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	15	0	10	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	30	55	15	45	155	30	120
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	50	15	35	145	30	115
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	10	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	265	135	130	720	350	370	1,560	805	755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	30	30	255	145	105	545	305	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	210	105	110	470	200	270	1,015	500	515
Location of study inside Canada	150	80	70	325	140	180	700	345	350
Same as province or territory of residence	125	65	60	240	100	135	555	290	270
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	10	85	40	45	140	65	75
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	30	40	145	65	85	315	155	165
Americas	0	0	0	40	20	15	35	20	15
United States of America	0	0	0	35	20	10	30	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	10	15
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	20	65	40	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10	10	10	0
Asia	50	30	25	70	25	40	180	75	100
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	45	20	20	15	10	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	25	0	20	50	20	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10	40	20	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	395	205	185	950	425	520	2,040	1,000	1,030
In the labour force	275	155	120	690	310	375	1,575	800	775
Employed	235	130	105	605	280	320	1,420	750	675
Unemployed	40	25	15	85	30	55	155	55	100
Not in the labour force	120	50	70	260	115	145	465	205	260
Participation rate	69.6	75.6	64.9	72.6	72.9	72.1	77.2	80.0	75.2
Employment rate	59.5	63.4	56.8	63.7	65.9	61.5	69.6	75.0	65.5
Unemployment rate	14.5	16.1	12.5	12.3	9.7	14.7	9.8	6.9	12.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	390	205	185	950	430	525	2,040	1,005	1,035
Did not work¹⁸⁶	130	60	70	310	135	170	555	250	305
Worked	260	145	120	640	290	345	1,490	755	730
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	135	75	60	320	170	145	750	425	325
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	135	75	55	325	120	200	740	330	405
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.6	36.0	37.2	40.8	42.6	39.1	41.5	42.9	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	270	150	120	690	310	380	1,575	795	775
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	15	0	10	70	20	50
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	265	150	115	670	310	370	1,505	780	725
Employee	230	125	105	595	265	330	1,310	655	660
Permanent position	195	110	85	495	205	290	1,090	585	505
Temporary position	35	20	20	105	55	45	220	75	150
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	30	20	10	90	25	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	20	15	70	35	35	135	45	85
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	25	10	80	40	35	195	125	70
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	270	150	120	690	310	380	1,575	795	775
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	15	0	10	70	20	50
All occupations¹⁹¹	265	150	115	670	310	370	1,505	780	725
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	55	25	30	120	35	80	250	65	190
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	35	0	40	35	10	180	135	45
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	50	15	35	165	35	130
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	15	110	20	95	140	50	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	30	0	20	10	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	70	40	30	165	75	90	415	160	255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	30	15	125	95	30	300	295	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	15	10	0	15	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	270	150	120	690	310	380	1,575	795	775
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	15	0	10	70	20	50
All industries¹⁹¹	265	150	115	670	310	370	1,505	780	725
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	25	15	10	45	30	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	15	0	45	35	15	155	140	15
31-33 Manufacturing	15	0	15	30	20	10	85	70	10
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	10	0	10	25	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	20	20	95	55	40	205	105	105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	10	55	35	20	100	85	20
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	15	0	15	30	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	20	15	10	70	30	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	20	20	65	50	15	130	55	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	40	20	25	80	30	45
61 Educational services	15	0	10	50	10	40	90	30	60
62 Health care and social assistance	30	0	30	85	10	75	240	30	205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	20	15	0	50	20	30	95	40	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	30	10	20	85	45	40
91 Public administration	0	0	0	15	10	0	55	30	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	295	170	125	695	325	375	1,610	825	780
English	255	160	95	650	300	355	1,495	755	740
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10	10	10	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	10	30	25	10	10	65	40	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	295	170	125	695	325	375	1,610	825	780
Single responses	285	170	110	695	325	375	1,595	815	780
Official languages	275	165	105	690	320	370	1,545	795	750
English	275	165	105	690	320	365	1,545	795	750
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	10	0	0	50	20	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	10	0	0	50	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	295	170	125	695	325	375	1,610	825	780
None	265	160	105	650	300	355	1,545	785	755
English	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	0	0	0	20	10	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	20	10	10	15	0	10	25	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	15	0	10	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	230	130	100	605	280	325	1,420	745	670
Worked at home	65	35	30	115	45	70	315	135	185
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	50	35	10	100	65	35	360	265	90
Usual place of work	115	50	60	385	170	215	730	340	390
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	110	50	60	385	170	215	730	340	390
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	110	50	60	375	165	205	660	285	375
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	0	10	50	50	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	160	90	70	485	235	250	1,090	610	485
Car, truck or van	150	85	65	420	205	215	1,015	590	425
Car, truck or van - as a driver	130	75	55	400	195	205	995	575	415
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	10	0	20	10	10	20	10	0
Public transit	15	10	10	50	20	30	20	10	10
Walked	0	0	0	15	10	0	15	0	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	160	90	70	485	235	250	1,090	610	485
Less than 15 minutes	15	15	0	145	55	90	125	45	85
15 to 29 minutes	70	45	25	220	90	120	530	300	230
30 to 44 minutes	60	20	35	90	65	25	350	215	135
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	10	10	0	0	45	15	30
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	25	20	0	40	35	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	160	90	70	485	235	250	1,090	610	485
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	20	10	15	95	65	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	0	10	65	30	35	175	115	60
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	45	15	145	75	65	255	135	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	35	0	25	100	45	50	195	110	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	60	20	45	145	65	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	30	15	105	60	45	225	120	105
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	125	75	50	150	90	60	885	440	440
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	0	10	10	5	80	35	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	65	50	135	80	55	810	405	400
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	105	55	45	95	55	40	675	335	345
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	5	5	5	65	30	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	5	5	0	35	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45	85	50	35	610	305	305

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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