Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060167More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48061232More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062519More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	405	...	...	388	...	...	13,230	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	170	...	...	139	...	...	3,757	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	166	...	...	138	...	...	3,573	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,369.4	...	...	3,501.8	...	...	1,247.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.12	...	...	0.11	...	...	10.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	405	205	200	390	195	195	13,230	6,475	6,755
0 to 14 years	85	45	40	50	25	20	3,330	1,680	1,650
0 to 4 years	20	10	5	15	10	10	1,450	730	720
5 to 9 years	30	15	15	25	15	10	1,065	550	510
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	5	0	0	815	395	415
15 to 64 years	250	130	125	270	130	145	8,920	4,405	4,515
15 to 19 years	25	10	15	20	5	15	660	320	340
20 to 24 years	10	10	5	30	15	15	755	380	375
25 to 29 years	15	10	5	20	10	15	1,155	510	640
30 to 34 years	30	20	15	20	10	10	1,800	885	910
35 to 39 years	30	20	15	25	15	10	1,480	740	740
40 to 44 years	35	15	25	15	10	5	1,105	555	550
45 to 49 years	25	15	10	20	5	15	725	390	335
50 to 54 years	25	10	10	25	10	15	475	250	225
55 to 59 years	25	15	10	45	20	25	380	195	190
60 to 64 years	30	10	15	40	25	20	390	185	205
65 years and over	70	35	35	70	40	35	975	385	595
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	30	20	10	340	160	180
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	20	15	10	170	80	95
75 to 79 years	15	5	5	15	10	10	155	75	85
80 to 84 years	10	0	5	0	0	0	90	35	50
85 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0	220	35	190
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	115	20	95
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	90	10	80
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.0	22.0	20.0	12.8	12.8	10.3	25.2	25.9	24.4
15 to 64 years	61.7	63.4	62.5	69.2	66.7	74.4	67.4	68.0	66.8
65 years and over	17.3	17.1	17.5	17.9	20.5	17.9	7.4	5.9	8.8
85 years and over	2.5	2.4	2.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.7	0.5	2.8
Average age of the population	40.4	39.8	41.0	43.7	44.0	43.4	31.9	31.1	32.7
Median age of the population	40.4	39.2	41.6	48.0	48.8	46.8	32.0	32.0	32.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	170	...	...	140	...	...	3,575	...	...
Single-detached house	110	...	...	140	...	...	1,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	0	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	0	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	165	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
1 person	40	...	...	20	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	55	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	25	...	...	775	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	30	...	...	925	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	880	...	...
Number of persons in private households	405	205	200	390	190	195	12,770	6,315	6,455
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	320	160	160	340	170	175	9,900	4,795	5,105
Married or living common-law	220	110	110	220	110	110	6,590	3,285	3,300
Married	170	85	85	200	100	100	6,205	3,095	3,105
Living common-law	50	25	25	20	10	10	385	190	200
Living common law - Never married	40	20	15	15	10	5	310	145	160
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	10	0	5	5	5	5	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	105	50	50	120	55	65	3,310	1,505	1,800
Not married and not living common law - Never married	60	40	20	90	45	45	2,365	1,270	1,095
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	160	50	115
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	10	15	10	5	10	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	15	5	5	470	70	400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	125	...	...	115	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	50	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	30	...	...	1,005	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	1,030	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	10	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	115	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	110	...	...	3,135	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	100	...	...	2,940	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	55	...	...	2,215	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	40	...	...	730	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	10	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	5	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	5	...	...	360	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	0	...	...	305	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,765	6,315	6,455
Total - Persons in census families	360	185	175	345	175	170	11,460	5,640	5,815
Married spouses or common-law partners	220	110	110	215	110	110	6,270	3,125	3,150
Parents in one-parent families	15	5	10	5	0	5	360	50	305
Children⁶	130	70	55	125	65	60	4,825	2,470	2,355
In a two-parent family	105	60	45	110	60	60	4,250	2,170	2,075
In a one-parent family	25	15	15	10	10	5	580	300	280
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	45	20	25	40	20	20	1,310	670	635
Living alone	35	15	20	15	10	10	355	180	175
Living with other relatives⁷	0	0	0	5	0	5	585	280	300
Living with non-relatives only	5	5	5	20	10	10	375	210	165
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	165	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	105	...	...	2,275	...	...
Couple-family households	110	...	...	100	...	...	2,075	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	55	...	...	1,640	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	45	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	5	...	...	200	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	280	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	325	165	160	340	165	170	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	155	155	325	165	160	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	60,800	43,200	48,400	59,600	43,200	41,600	47,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	155	155	325	165	160	8,870	4,380	4,490
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	54,000	39,200	42,000	50,800	37,200	37,600	42,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	290	150	140	310	155	155	7,940	4,110	3,830
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	58,000	39,200	40,400	53,600	31,800	37,600	45,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	120	110	255	130	125	7,395	3,785	3,610
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	63,600	39,600	41,200	59,200	31,200	36,400	44,000	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	255	130	125	285	135	145	8,095	3,910	4,185
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	5,880	9,600	7,350	6,360	8,600	6,200	2,980	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30	15	15	35	15	20	1,360	520	845
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	x	x	5,560	x	x	6,000	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	75	35	45	100	45	55	3,765	1,770	1,995
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,500	8,000	8,500	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	315	150	165	300	135	170	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	305	150	155	290	135	155	8,900	4,365	4,535
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,000	96,000	50,000	62,000	71,000	54,000	46,240	52,800	39,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	305	150	155	290	135	155	8,905	4,365	4,540
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,600	77,000	43,000	51,200	57,000	46,000	40,240	45,120	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	290	145	145	280	125	155	8,005	4,105	3,905
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,500	92,000	41,000	54,000	65,000	45,000	41,680	49,440	33,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	230	125	110	220	105	120	7,475	3,790	3,680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	67,500	88,000	43,000	57,600	70,000	47,000	41,280	48,440	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	125	120	260	105	155	8,150	3,925	4,230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	8,000	14,800	10,300	10,000	10,600	9,570	7,120	11,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40	0	20	35	0	20	1,500	545	960
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	...	8,000	9,500	...	6,800	8,000	6,640	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	35	45	105	40	70	3,850	1,730	2,120
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	9,000	9,200	9,800	10,000	9,600	9,220	8,910	9,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	315	155	165	295	135	170	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	65	35	110	65	45	3,190	1,900	1,290
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	96,000	102,000	86,000	88,000	82,000	90,000	56,400	61,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	116,000	85,000	86,000	84,000	88,000	60,450	65,200	53,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	55	55	70	20	50	3,285	1,430	1,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,400	12,700	17,000	27,600	x	27,400	21,000	24,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,000	62,000	23,000	39,000	80,000	22,000	28,040	31,600	25,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	92.0	76.0	84.0	88.0	80.0	81.0	87.8	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.0	76.0	60.0	71.0	78.0	64.0	75.0	79.6	69.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.8	7.0	24.0	15.0	11.2	19.0	18.9	12.1	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	x	2.4	1.8	x	1.6	2.9	1.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	2.2	6.0	6.2	4.4	8.0	9.4	7.2	12.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.0	5.2	5.8	4.0	7.6	8.6	6.7	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	320	160	160	340	170	175	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without total income	15	5	5	15	5	5	570	255	315
With total income	310	155	155	330	160	165	8,865	4,375	4,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	20	30	10	25	825	310	515
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	25	10	15	840	355	480
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	55	30	25	1,260	570	695
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	20	35	20	15	1,305	510	800
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	15	25	10	15	1,215	610	605
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	10	30	5	20	980	505	475
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	25	15	10	780	430	350
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	15	5	5	560	340	220
$80,000 to $89,999	15	0	10	5	10	0	370	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	15	10	10	255	165	90
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	70	40	25	480	345	135
$100,000 to $149,999	35	20	15	40	20	20	380	265	120
$150,000 and over	30	30	5	25	20	5	95	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	320	160	160	340	170	175	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	15	5	5	565	255	315
With after-tax income	310	155	155	330	160	165	8,865	4,375	4,495
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	20	35	10	25	830	315	520
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	15	25	10	15	870	370	500
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	60	30	30	1,475	650	820
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	25	40	20	20	1,585	690	900
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	25	10	15	1,420	725	695
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	35	20	20	1,065	590	480
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	20	10	5	700	425	275
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	15	10	5	395	245	150
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	20	10	10	225	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	5	10	5	0	105	65	40
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	40	25	15	200	155	45
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	5	20	15	10	130	90	35
$125,000 and over	30	25	5	20	15	0	70	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	320	160	160	340	170	175	9,435	4,630	4,805
Without employment income	90	40	50	85	40	50	2,040	845	1,200
With employment income	230	115	110	250	125	125	7,400	3,790	3,610
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	15	15	45	15	25	705	295	410
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	10	15	0	10	675	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	20	5	15	30	15	15	910	395	510
$20,000 to $29,999	15	10	5	20	5	10	850	415	435
$30,000 to $39,999	15	5	10	20	10	10	825	375	450
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	5	10	5	10	805	400	405
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	15	5	10	715	380	330
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	10	15	10	5	585	335	250
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	10	0	5	425	285	145
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	15	10	0	295	195	100
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	10	10	5	195	135	60
$100,000 and over	50	35	10	50	30	20	405	300	105
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	0	20	10	10	240	165	80
$125,000 and over	30	25	10	35	20	10	160	130	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	325	165	160	340	165	170	9,440	4,630	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	155	145	320	155	160	8,655	4,285	4,370
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	56,800	45,600	48,000	59,600	41,600	39,200	46,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	155	145	320	155	160	8,660	4,285	4,375
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	49,600	40,400	41,600	49,600	36,000	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	285	145	140	310	155	155	7,795	4,025	3,770
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	57,600	44,400	42,400	55,200	36,000	39,600	47,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	235	125	110	250	125	125	7,370	3,775	3,595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	61,600	44,000	42,800	56,800	35,600	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	230	115	110	270	135	135	7,755	3,775	3,980
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,040	910	6,240	1,040	960	1,680	1,050	900	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	20	10	10	885	295	595
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,360	x	x	6,800	4,760	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	315	150	165	300	135	170	9,475	4,630	4,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	155	145	290	135	155	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,000	98,000	52,000	67,000	78,000	57,000	43,440	50,400	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	155	145	290	135	155	8,665	4,285	4,380
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,200	78,000	45,000	54,800	63,000	48,000	37,840	43,000	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	275	135	135	280	135	150	7,870	4,040	3,825
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	74,000	102,000	46,000	62,800	75,000	52,000	43,360	51,250	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	215	115	95	230	115	115	7,450	3,820	3,635
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	78,500	102,000	51,000	63,200	73,000	54,000	42,680	49,600	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	240	125	115	250	105	145	7,775	3,785	3,995
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	4,900	12,800	5,840	4,700	6,700	4,520	2,324	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35	0	20	20	0	0	1,000	305	695
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	...	10,000	8,000	...	...	8,800	6,080	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	315	155	165	295	135	170	9,480	4,630	4,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	65	35	110	65	45	3,155	1,880	1,275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	97,000	98,000	x	82,000	82,000	86,000	50,400	55,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	102,000	112,000	85,000	90,000	88,000	96,000	56,200	61,750	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	45	50	75	25	50	3,035	1,330	1,700
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	54,400	25,600	42,000	x	35,600	30,200	34,400	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	62,000	96,000	32,000	52,000	85,000	36,000	35,240	40,960	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	96.0	80.0	92.0	96.0	88.0	90.6	96.0	83.6
Employment income (%)	74.0	80.0	64.0	76.0	80.0	72.0	84.6	87.8	80.2
Government transfers (%)	9.2	4.2	19.0	7.5	4.8	10.8	9.3	4.1	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	x	2.0	0.6	x	x	2.3	0.9	4.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	165	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	137,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	113,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	x	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	x	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	125	...	...	125	...	...	3,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	145,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	170	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	25	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	54,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	110	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	165	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	105	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	25	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	165	...	...	135	...	...	3,570	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	290	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	85	...	...	1,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	40	...	...	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	110	...	...	3,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	145,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	45	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	65	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	172,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	143,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	0	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	...	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	...	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	...	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	40	20	20	35	15	20	725	385	335
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,200	x	50,400	60,000	x	x	46,400	46,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	x	43,200	53,200	x	x	41,200	41,200	41,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	100	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	146,000	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	35	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	55	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	175,000	...	...	123,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	108,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	...	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	x	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	40	15	30	55	15	35	770	355	415
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	70,000	40,000	68,000	50,000	76,000	55,100	55,800	54,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	60,000	36,000	56,000	45,000	64,000	46,300	46,600	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,770	6,310	6,455
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	60	30	30	3,725	1,870	1,850
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	25	15	10	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	240	120	120	255	125	135	8,435	4,150	4,285
65 years and over	70	35	35	70	40	30	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	35	15	20	10	5	5	675	320	350
0 to 17 years	5	0	10	0	0	0	270	135	135
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	130	75	60
18 to 64 years	25	10	10	10	5	5	375	175	200
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.5	6.0	11.0	3.6	4.0	4.0	5.3	5.1	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	x	16.0	x	x	x	7.4	7.2	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	x	30.0	x	x	x	7.9	8.8	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.0	4.5	4.0	5.0	4.5	4.2	4.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.8	4.5	3.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,765	6,315	6,455
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	60	35	25	3,725	1,875	1,855
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	25	20	10	1,690	860	830
18 to 64 years	235	120	115	260	125	135	8,430	4,145	4,290
65 years and over	70	35	35	70	40	35	610	295	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	15	5	10	10	5	5	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
18 to 64 years	15	5	5	10	0	5	240	115	125
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.0	5.0	2.5	2.0	2.5	3.0	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	6.0	5.0	3.0	x	4.0	2.9	2.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,770	6,310	6,455
In bottom half of the distribution	135	65	75	80	35	40	6,730	3,280	3,450
In bottom decile	20	5	10	10	5	10	610	295	315
In second decile	30	10	20	10	0	5	1,035	505	535
In third decile	20	10	10	25	10	15	1,395	675	725
In fourth decile	25	15	15	10	0	5	1,685	835	850
In fifth decile	40	15	20	25	15	15	2,005	975	1,030
In top half of the distribution	270	145	125	305	160	150	6,040	3,035	3,005
In sixth decile	55	25	25	50	25	20	1,615	795	815
In seventh decile	35	15	15	45	20	25	1,625	820	805
In eighth decile	40	25	15	60	30	30	1,445	715	730
In ninth decile	45	25	20	65	35	35	945	490	460
In top decile	95	45	45	90	45	45	410	220	195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	405	...	...	390	...	...	12,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.362	...	...	0.299	...	...	0.230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.426	...	...	0.364	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.316	...	...	0.255	...	...	0.208	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,965	6,375	6,590
English only	370	190	180	360	185	175	11,615	5,820	5,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	35	15	20	25	10	15	435	190	240
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	355	540
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	395	205	195	385	195	190	11,870	5,915	5,955
French	5	0	5	5	0	5	120	55	65
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	350	530
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	400	205	200	375	190	190	11,530	5,660	5,870
Official languages	325	170	155	310	155	155	3,625	1,795	1,825
English	315	170	145	305	155	155	3,510	1,745	1,765
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	110	50	65
Non-official languages	75	30	40	65	30	30	7,905	3,865	4,045
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	30	40	65	30	30	7,905	3,865	4,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	95	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	970	435	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0	825	365	455
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	15	25	45	20	20	6,085	3,025	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	20	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	10	5	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	20	10	10	5,780	2,870	2,910
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	20	10	10	5,425	2,690	2,740
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5	350	170	180
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	170	170
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,920	1,940	1,980
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	295	290
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	355	180	170
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Persian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	215	115	100
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75
Iranian Persian	0	0	5	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	5	5	0	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	5	0	5	5	5	0	250	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	10	0	5	135	60	75
Chinese languages	5	0	5	10	0	5	130	55	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	10	0	5	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	5	15	5	5	1,430	715	720
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	10	5	5	1,255	615	640
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,965	6,375	6,590
English	335	175	160	320	170	155	3,435	1,700	1,730
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Non-official language	25	10	15	10	5	5	3,140	1,515	1,630
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15	10	5	5	3,140	1,515	1,625
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0	80	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	55	20	30	5,860	2,900	2,955
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	85	50	40
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	405	205	200	390	195	195	12,965	6,375	6,590
Single responses	395	205	195	375	190	185	11,355	5,585	5,765
Official languages	360	185	175	355	180	180	5,050	2,480	2,570
English	360	185	175	355	180	180	4,990	2,455	2,535
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35
Non-official languages	40	15	20	20	10	10	6,305	3,110	3,200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	15	20	20	10	10	6,305	3,110	3,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	690	320	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0	0	0	645	295	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	5	10	10	5	5	5,080	2,535	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,430	2,450
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,315	2,340
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	145
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,455	1,710	1,745
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	220
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	235	120	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20
Persian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	140	75	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	85	40	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	15	5	10	1,610	785	820
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	15	5	10	1,530	745	785
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	405	205	200	390	190	195	12,965	6,375	6,585
None	365	190	180	345	175	165	7,835	3,825	4,005
English	15	5	5	5	5	5	2,310	1,170	1,140
French	5	0	5	0	0	0	60	30	30
Non-official language	15	10	5	25	10	15	1,890	910	980
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	5	25	10	15	1,890	910	980
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	290	280
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	255	130	130
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Official languages	405	190	215	335	150	180	11,950	5,935	6,015
English	405	190	215	335	150	180	11,940	5,930	6,010
French	35	15	15	15	0	15	360	180	180
Non-official languages	85	40	40	75	35	40	10,225	5,065	5,160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	40	35	75	35	40	10,225	5,065	5,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	175	165
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	615	720
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	60	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	600	700
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	175	155
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	100	90
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	35	20	15	7,540	3,815	3,725
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	20	10	10	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	7,160	3,640	3,525
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,820	3,460	3,360
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	280	240
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,250	1,195
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,480	2,475
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	565	535
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	210
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	90
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	10	0	0	395	190	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	10	0	0	10	0	0	300	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	205	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	10	10	10	210	95	125
Chinese languages	10	0	0	10	10	10	210	95	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	10	0	10	155	65	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	395	190	205	330	145	180	12,760	6,280	6,480
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,790	6,300	6,495
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Owner	150	...	...	130	...	...	3,125	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	10	...	...	455	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	0	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	115	...	...	140	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	0	...	...	235	...	...
2 bedrooms	45	...	...	0	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	55	...	...	1,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	55	...	...	85	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	875	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	10	...	...	555	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	30	...	...	365	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	95	...	...	445	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...	8.6	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,205	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Suitable	160	...	...	140	...	...	3,140	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	0	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	120	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	95	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	720	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	145	...	...	130	...	...	3,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
One-maintainer household	85	...	...	70	...	...	1,180	...	...
Two-maintainer household	80	...	...	70	...	...	1,910	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	20	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	15	...	...	1,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	15	...	...	670	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	45	...	...	285	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	25	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	115	...	...	2,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	30	...	...	25	...	...	1,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	25	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	30	...	...	1,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	25	...	...	1,010	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	0	...	...	345	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	115	...	...	105	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	165	...	...	140	...	...	3,550	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	0	...	...	230	...	...
Not in core need	145	...	...	130	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	150	...	...	125	...	...	3,130	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.7	...	...	52.0	...	...	96.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.3	...	...	16.0	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	1,000	...	...	2,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,400	...	...	2,238	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	548,000	...	...	528,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	520,000	...	...	442,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	0	...	...	455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	32.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	...	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	x	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	410	195	220	335	155	180	12,825	6,315	6,515
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	390	185	200	335	155	180	12,745	6,270	6,480
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	410	190	220	335	155	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	400	190	210	330	150	180	8,795	4,395	4,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	40	60	45	20	25	3,325	1,670	1,660
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	300	150	150	280	130	155	5,470	2,725	2,740
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,035	1,915	2,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	410	190	220	335	155	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	345	165	180	270	120	145	4,375	2,180	2,195
Immigrants⁸¹	65	25	40	70	30	35	8,015	3,900	4,120
Before 1980	20	0	15	30	10	20	115	55	60
1980 to 1990	15	15	0	15	10	0	180	85	95
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	0	0	0	770	405	370
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	25	15	10	2,275	1,110	1,165
2011 to 2021⁸²	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,245	2,430
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,120	1,115
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,440	1,130	1,310
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	230	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	65	30	40	70	35	35	8,015	3,900	4,115
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	230	320
5 to 14 years	20	10	10	15	10	0	1,020	545	470
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	30	10	15	1,635	760	870
25 to 44 years	20	0	15	20	10	10	3,910	1,920	1,990
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	445	470
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	65	30	40	70	35	35	8,015	3,900	4,115
Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0	295	150	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	20	15	10	20	0	15	205	85	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	10	0	0	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	370	400
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	55
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	120	130
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	145
Asia	30	10	15	25	10	10	6,675	3,255	3,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	90	70
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	20	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	595	670
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,965	1,980
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	295	310
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,445	1,130	1,310
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	915	1,060
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	635	695
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	170	245
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
First generation¹⁰⁰	70	25	40	75	35	40	8,525	4,180	4,350
Second generation¹⁰¹	110	55	55	80	40	40	3,475	1,725	1,745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	230	110	115	185	80	95	830	405	425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	40	25	20	40	20	15	7,905	3,845	4,055
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	25	15	0	0	0	0	4,200	2,230	1,970
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,845	1,230	615
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	15	10	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,000	1,355
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	0	20	15	10	0	2,875	1,175	1,700
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	20	10	10	770	400	370
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	20
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	40	25	20	40	20	15	7,905	3,845	4,055
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	215	105
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	525	245
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	30	25	10	30	20	15	5,930	2,695	3,235
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	405	190	215	335	150	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	40	15	25	65	40	25	11,765	5,790	5,970
South Asian	0	0	0	10	10	0	7,195	3,635	3,560
Chinese	15	0	10	10	10	0	195	90	105
Black	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	570	625
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	765	895
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	120
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	125
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	90	130
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	365	175	190	265	110	155	1,065	515	545
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	410	190	215	335	150	185	12,830	6,310	6,520
Canadian	15	10	10	90	35	55	445	180	265
English	60	20	40	45	30	15	265	110	155
Irish	55	35	20	70	30	40	265	120	145
Scottish	100	50	55	85	40	40	235	130	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	40	0	30	0	0	0	145	80	65
German	70	25	50	25	10	10	265	120	150
Chinese	25	10	15	15	10	10	285	110	175
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10	70	35	35
Indian (India)	0	0	0	25	20	0	3,355	1,705	1,650
Ukrainian	20	0	10	40	25	10	120	45	75
Dutch	35	25	10	10	10	0	40	15	25
Polish	0	0	0	25	0	25	70	25	45
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	20	40	10	0	0	30	0	25
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	730	860
French Canadian	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45
Norwegian	25	20	0	25	15	15	45	15	35
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	15	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	15	10	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	80
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	10	15	30	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	335
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	120	135
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	775	775
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	550	555
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	240	225
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	15	0	15	15	0	10
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	70
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	145	100
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	35
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	45	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	60
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	405	190	215	330	155	180	12,830	6,310	6,520
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	85
Christian	250	125	130	185	80	105	3,660	1,740	1,920
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	90	45	50	25	15	20	965	435	525
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	20	0	10	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catholic	75	40	35	50	15	35	1,940	940	995
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	70	90
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lutheran	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	10	0	0	0	0	210	90	120
Presbyterian	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	25	0	20	25	15	10	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	10	10	30	15	15	135	65	70
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	700
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,070	1,040
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,215	2,105	2,115
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	150	65	80	115	55	60	1,270	605	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	400	190	215	330	155	175	12,495	6,125	6,365
Non-movers	370	175	195	320	150	170	10,085	4,950	5,140
Movers	30	15	15	10	0	10	2,410	1,175	1,230
Non-migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,795	885	905
Migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	610	295	320
Internal migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	420	215	205
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	75	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	145	115
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	80	115
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	385	190	195	310	135	175	11,265	5,520	5,745
Non-movers	265	130	140	245	105	135	2,500	1,290	1,215
Movers	115	60	55	65	25	35	8,765	4,235	4,530
Non-migrants	90	45	50	50	25	20	6,065	2,940	3,130
Migrants	25	15	10	15	0	15	2,700	1,295	1,400
Internal migrants	25	15	10	10	0	10	1,215	620	595
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	215	225
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	770	405	365
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	675	805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	315	155	165	300	135	170	9,480	4,630	4,850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	15	15	35	10	30	1,625	775	850
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	135	145	260	120	140	7,855	3,855	4,000
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	210	105	100	210	95	115	7,390	3,595	3,795
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	15	10	10	925	425	500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	190	95	95	190	85	105	6,465	3,170	3,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	315	150	160	300	135	165	9,480	4,630	4,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	35	15	20	1,515	720	795
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	45	35	85	50	35	2,145	1,155	990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	205	90	110	180	70	110	5,820	2,750	3,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	35	70	105	45	65	2,145	1,070	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	25	15	10	345	235	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	90	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	15	0	195	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	20	65	70	25	45	1,280	590	695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	10	0	10	520	245	270
Bachelor's degree or higher	100	60	40	75	25	45	3,670	1,680	1,990
Bachelor's degree	80	55	25	60	20	35	2,405	1,100	1,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Master's degree	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,000	455	545
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	210	110	100	210	95	110	7,390	3,595	3,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	15	0	15	10	0	820	375	450
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	45	35	15	55	30	30	1,410	815	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	65	80	140	55	80	5,155	2,405	2,755
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	25	50	75	30	40	1,800	880	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	15	15	0	290	195	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	15	15	0	180	135	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	15	50	55	20	30	1,065	475	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	445	205	235
Bachelor's degree or higher	65	35	25	60	25	35	3,360	1,525	1,835
Bachelor's degree	55	35	25	50	20	30	2,175	985	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	10	0	0	10	0	0	945	430	515
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	315	155	160	300	130	165	9,480	4,625	4,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	65	50	120	60	55	3,660	1,875	1,785
Education	15	0	15	20	0	20	200	15	180
13. Education	15	0	15	20	0	20	200	15	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	0	0	0	85	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	0	0	0	85	25	55
Humanities	0	0	0	15	0	0	430	170	255
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	20	20	10	0	10	425	125	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	25	10	10	10	0	10	180	80	100
Business, management and public administration	35	15	20	35	10	30	1,510	670	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	15	20	35	10	30	1,455	655	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0	540	300	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	445	250	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	25	0	35	35	0	1,115	955	160
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
14. Engineering	15	15	0	15	15	0	570	445	115
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	230	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	145	145	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Health and related fields	40	0	40	40	0	35	965	215	750
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	25	40	0	35	950	205	745
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	0	15	10	10	195	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	15	0	10	140	50	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	210	110	100	210	100	115	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	65	45	20	70	40	30	2,235	1,190	1,040
Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	170	15	155
13. Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	170	15	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	0	0	0	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	0	0	0	80	30	50
Humanities	10	0	0	15	0	0	340	130	215
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	15	0	0	0	360	110	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0	170	70	100
Business, management and public administration	20	10	15	25	0	20	1,325	580	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	10	15	25	0	20	1,270	560	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	105	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	500	265	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	415	225	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	20	0	25	25	0	1,005	860	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
14. Engineering	10	10	0	10	10	0	530	415	110
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	130	130	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Health and related fields	30	0	25	35	0	30	885	190	700
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	35	0	30	870	170	695
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	15	10	0	170	80	95
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	210	110	100	210	100	115	7,395	3,595	3,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	20	70	40	30	2,235	1,190	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	145	60	80	135	60	80	5,155	2,405	2,755
Location of study inside Canada	135	60	75	120	50	70	2,000	910	1,085
Same as province or territory of residence	90	30	55	110	50	60	1,375	550	825
Different than province or territory of residence	50	25	20	10	0	10	625	360	260
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	0	0	0	20	10	10	3,160	1,495	1,665
Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10	80	40	40
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	10	60	25	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	95	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,755	1,290	1,470
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	275	320
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	830	940
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	120
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	315	150	160	300	135	165	9,480	4,630	4,855
In the labour force	210	115	95	205	105	100	7,345	3,865	3,480
Employed	195	110	85	175	90	90	6,510	3,490	3,015
Unemployed	15	0	0	30	20	10	835	375	460
Not in the labour force	105	35	70	95	30	65	2,135	765	1,375
Participation rate	66.7	76.7	59.4	68.3	77.8	60.6	77.5	83.5	71.7
Employment rate	61.9	73.3	53.1	58.3	66.7	54.5	68.7	75.4	62.1
Unemployment rate	7.1	0.0	0.0	14.6	19.0	10.0	11.4	9.7	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	315	155	160	300	130	165	9,480	4,625	4,850
Did not work¹⁸⁶	100	30	70	105	40	65	2,675	1,100	1,580
Worked	215	125	90	190	90	100	6,805	3,530	3,270
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	65	35	120	70	50	3,300	1,970	1,330
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	115	55	55	75	30	50	3,505	1,560	1,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.0	39.2	38.4	41.0	44.4	38.0	39.6	41.6	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	210	115	90	205	105	100	7,345	3,865	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	210	115	90	200	105	95	7,125	3,760	3,370
Employee	180	90	85	160	75	85	6,155	3,020	3,135
Permanent position	150	90	65	145	65	75	5,235	2,630	2,605
Temporary position	30	0	20	15	0	10	925	390	530
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	115	170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	0	20	10	0	0	640	275	365
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	20	10	45	30	10	970	735	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	210	115	90	205	105	100	7,345	3,865	3,475
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	210	115	90	200	105	95	7,125	3,760	3,370
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	25	0	15	35	10	25	965	315	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	25	20	0	570	430	140
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	30	0	30	615	85	530
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	30	25	0	20	540	160	380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	60	35	20	40	20	20	2,140	875	1,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	0	25	25	0	1,840	1,590	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	295	180	120
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	210	115	90	205	105	100	7,345	3,865	3,475
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	110
All industries¹⁹¹	210	115	90	200	105	95	7,125	3,760	3,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	20	10	10	140	115	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	390	55
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	15	10	10	400	280	115
41 Wholesale trade	20	15	0	10	10	0	200	140	65
44-45 Retail trade	20	10	10	10	10	0	1,170	545	625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	15	10	0	1,270	985	280
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	25	0	15	15	0	395	230	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	15	0	0	385	225	160
61 Educational services	25	0	20	10	0	10	250	85	165
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	40	0	40	985	110	870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	0	15	10	0	525	200	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	15	10	0	0	210	95	115
91 Public administration	0	0	0	10	10	0	195	90	105
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,645	3,945	3,700
English	220	125	90	215	105	110	6,650	3,380	3,275
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	425	305
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,645	3,945	3,700
Single responses	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,470	3,840	3,625
Official languages	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,115	3,635	3,475
English	220	125	90	215	105	110	7,095	3,620	3,475
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	205	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	185	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	175	125
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	165	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	100	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,645	3,945	3,700
None	220	125	100	215	105	110	7,025	3,595	3,435
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	50
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	215	175
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	195	110	80	175	85	95	6,505	3,490	3,015
Worked at home	65	45	25	60	35	25	925	465	465
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	15	10	0	10	10	0	1,250	925	330
Usual place of work	110	55	55	110	45	65	4,310	2,090	2,220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	110	55	55	105	40	65	4,315	2,095	2,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	95	50	45	100	40	60	3,420	1,630	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	0	0	0	790	410	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	130	70	60	115	55	65	5,565	3,015	2,545
Car, truck or van	110	60	45	115	55	60	4,945	2,795	2,145
Car, truck or van - as a driver	110	60	45	110	45	60	4,590	2,710	1,880
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	85	265
Public transit	10	0	10	0	0	0	455	150	305
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	10	0	0	0	0	125	55	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	130	70	60	115	55	65	5,565	3,015	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	20	10	10	30	10	20	830	370	455
15 to 29 minutes	55	20	30	45	20	25	2,695	1,485	1,210
30 to 44 minutes	30	25	10	40	20	25	1,455	860	595
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	0	0	0	260	160	100
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	140	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	130	70	60	115	55	65	5,565	3,015	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	295	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	0	0	30	15	10	870	515	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	10	15	40	25	20	1,040	520	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	10	10	15	0	15	930	445	485
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	25	15	15	0	15	890	440	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	25	10	10	0	0	1,385	800	585
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	100	50	50	55	30	25	3,765	1,890	1,870
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	10	5	5	165	85	80
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	45	45	55	30	25	3,595	1,810	1,785
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	80	40	35	40	20	20	2,235	1,115	1,115
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	5	5	5	115	55	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	0	0	65	35	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	5	5	5	0	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	30	35	15	15	2,120	1,060	1,055

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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