Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	48060093More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48062559More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove			48060409More information: Alberta [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	623	...	...	14,189	...	...	360	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	347	...	...	5,860	...	...	142	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	311	...	...	5,333	...	...	136	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,074.6	...	...	708.7	...	...	3,071.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.15	...	...	20.02	...	...	0.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	625	320	305	14,190	6,955	7,230	360	180	175
0 to 14 years	100	55	50	3,565	1,865	1,700	70	30	40
0 to 4 years	50	25	30	1,410	735	675	30	5	20
5 to 9 years	30	20	10	1,295	690	600	20	15	5
10 to 14 years	20	15	10	865	440	425	25	10	15
15 to 64 years	470	230	240	9,305	4,525	4,780	220	120	105
15 to 19 years	20	5	15	545	270	280	5	5	5
20 to 24 years	35	15	20	650	305	345	25	10	10
25 to 29 years	60	25	35	1,065	455	615	30	15	10
30 to 34 years	90	45	45	1,600	735	865	35	15	15
35 to 39 years	80	40	35	1,765	890	875	25	15	15
40 to 44 years	35	20	20	1,365	720	640	30	15	15
45 to 49 years	40	20	15	875	480	395	20	10	5
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	525	265	265	15	0	10
55 to 59 years	40	20	15	465	215	245	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	445	195	250	25	5	15
65 years and over	50	35	20	1,315	565	750	65	30	30
65 to 69 years	25	15	5	405	155	250	20	10	5
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	345	150	190	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	235	110	130	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	155	70	85	10	5	0
85 years and over	5	0	0	180	80	100	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	115	45	70	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	55	35	20	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	17.2	16.4	25.1	26.8	23.5	19.4	16.7	22.9
15 to 64 years	75.2	71.9	78.7	65.6	65.1	66.1	61.1	66.7	60.0
65 years and over	8.0	10.9	6.6	9.3	8.1	10.4	18.1	16.7	17.1
85 years and over	0.8	0.0	0.0	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.4	2.8	0.0
Average age of the population	36.3	37.4	35.2	33.5	32.8	34.3	40.1	40.6	39.4
Median age of the population	35.2	37.2	34.0	34.0	34.0	34.0	38.8	40.0	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	310	...	...	5,330	...	...	135	...	...
Single-detached house	65	...	...	2,495	...	...	60	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	460	...	...	70	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	455	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	105	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	1,710	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	125	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	315	...	...	5,335	...	...	140	...	...
1 person	135	...	...	1,305	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	1,620	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	900	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	990	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	520	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	625	315	305	14,045	6,895	7,155	360	185	175
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	520	260	260	10,625	5,095	5,530	290	150	135
Married or living common-law	245	125	120	7,345	3,675	3,665	185	90	90
Married	165	85	80	6,175	3,085	3,090	145	75	75
Living common-law	75	40	35	1,170	595	580	40	20	20
Living common law - Never married	60	35	30	975	485	490	30	15	15
Living common law - Separated	5	5	5	35	15	15	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	155	90	65	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	280	140	140	3,275	1,420	1,860	105	60	50
Not married and not living common law - Never married	195	100	95	2,150	1,060	1,095	75	50	30
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	10	235	95	140	5	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	60	30	35	520	185	340	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	5	5	365	75	290	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	150	...	...	3,960	...	...	110	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	1,655	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	930	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	995	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	385	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	3,960	...	...	105	...	...
Total couple families	115	...	...	3,590	...	...	90	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	3,005	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	1,980	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	1,020	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	40	...	...	585	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	180	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	400	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	370	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	290	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	85	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	625	315	305	14,045	6,895	7,155	360	185	175
Total - Persons in census families	415	200	210	12,095	6,045	6,050	305	145	160
Married spouses or common-law partners	240	120	120	7,180	3,595	3,580	185	90	90
Parents in one-parent families	30	5	25	375	80	290	15	0	10
Children⁶	140	75	70	4,545	2,365	2,180	105	50	55
In a two-parent family	90	45	45	3,980	2,070	1,910	85	45	40
In a one-parent family	45	25	25	565	295	270	25	10	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	210	120	90	1,950	855	1,100	55	35	20
Living alone	140	80	55	1,305	545	755	20	15	10
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	15	270	110	160	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	55	35	25	375	195	180	25	15	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	310	...	...	5,335	...	...	135	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	3,515	...	...	95	...	...
Couple-family households	100	...	...	3,200	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	1,925	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	1,275	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	25	...	...	305	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	175	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	130	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	180	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	135	...	...	1,305	...	...	20	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	520	260	255	10,480	5,025	5,455	285	150	140
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	255	250	10,065	4,840	5,225	280	145	135
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	44,400	42,800	57,600	73,500	47,600	46,000	52,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	255	250	10,065	4,840	5,225	280	145	135
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	38,400	38,400	50,000	60,800	42,400	40,800	46,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	240	220	9,490	4,640	4,850	255	140	115
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	36,400	34,800	55,600	72,500	42,400	42,400	48,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	210	200	8,345	4,165	4,180	210	115	90
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	40,400	35,200	56,800	72,500	44,400	43,600	48,000	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	230	230	8,685	4,025	4,660	245	130	115
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	8,700	8,900	4,960	1,490	7,300	9,100	5,920	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	100	50	50	1,245	460	780	35	15	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,560	5,480	6,080	5,480	6,320	5,320	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	205	100	105	2,840	1,235	1,605	75	40	40
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,000	10,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	505	265	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	315	165	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	260	235	10,080	4,885	5,195	315	165	155
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,000	48,400	49,600	75,100	92,900	58,300	61,600	75,500	47,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	260	235	10,080	4,885	5,195	315	165	155
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,200	42,000	42,400	60,900	73,400	49,160	51,200	60,400	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	240	220	9,465	4,650	4,820	280	155	125
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	41,600	42,400	72,000	91,600	53,150	57,200	71,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	190	205	8,390	4,195	4,195	225	135	90
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	46,000	42,800	68,800	84,500	53,000	53,600	64,000	39,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	455	240	215	8,705	4,045	4,660	285	150	135
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,920	10,500	11,500	8,590	6,920	10,050	11,700	9,000	15,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	30	50	1,345	520	825	55	25	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	7,600	5,200	7,840	5,600	9,240	5,200	4,000	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	205	110	100	2,905	1,370	1,535	105	60	40
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,200	10,600	8,940	8,750	9,120	8,200	6,600	10,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	500	265	235	10,525	5,055	5,470	315	160	160
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	80	90	4,650	2,635	2,015	95	70	30
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	71,000	66,000	82,000	91,000	70,500	66,500	66,500	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,000	82,000	75,000	94,200	107,300	77,100	96,000	104,000	76,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	90	90	2,930	1,170	1,750	110	50	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	11,300	10,600	11,300	24,800	30,600	22,600	14,700	14,800	11,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	20,000	19,600	39,280	50,200	32,000	24,000	23,000	25,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.5	80.0	79.0	90.2	93.8	84.6	82.0	88.0	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.5	69.0	75.0	76.2	78.2	73.4	63.0	70.0	52.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.6	20.4	20.8	9.9	6.2	15.4	17.2	11.2	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	1.4	0.6	2.5	1.4	0.8	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.3	8.8	10.0	3.8	2.8	5.3	4.9	3.5	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.4	8.0	9.2	3.4	2.7	4.6	4.4	3.2	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	520	260	260	10,485	5,030	5,455	290	150	135
Without total income	15	5	5	420	190	225	10	0	5
With total income	505	255	250	10,060	4,835	5,230	280	150	130
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	20	725	250	470	15	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	670	240	435	25	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	1,035	360	675	45	15	30
$30,000 to $39,999	75	45	30	930	325	600	30	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	960	390	575	40	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	910	370	535	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	35	25	15	765	345	415	25	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	690	360	335	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	15	620	325	290	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	500	275	225	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	75	35	35	2,260	1,580	675	45	30	15
$100,000 to $149,999	45	20	25	1,405	905	500	25	10	15
$150,000 and over	30	15	10	850	680	175	20	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	520	260	260	10,485	5,030	5,455	290	150	135
Without after-tax income	15	5	5	420	190	225	10	0	5
With after-tax income	505	260	250	10,060	4,835	5,230	280	150	130
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	20	760	260	505	15	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	20	695	260	435	25	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	105	55	55	1,185	405	780	50	15	30
$30,000 to $39,999	80	45	30	1,160	440	720	45	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	1,230	515	715	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	15	1,030	485	550	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	20	925	475	445	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	730	385	345	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	30	10	20	590	335	260	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	495	315	175	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	40	20	15	1,255	955	300	30	20	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	15	560	395	170	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	15	15	5	695	565	135	20	15	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	520	260	260	10,485	5,030	5,455	290	150	135
Without employment income	100	55	50	2,140	865	1,275	80	30	45
With employment income	415	210	205	8,345	4,160	4,180	210	120	90
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	25	30	800	330	465	25	15	10
$5,000 to $9,999	35	15	25	435	145	290	25	5	15
$10,000 to $19,999	65	40	30	730	265	470	15	10	10
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	15	565	195	365	20	15	5
$30,000 to $39,999	30	10	20	555	225	330	15	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	35	25	15	650	270	380	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	655	285	365	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	600	295	310	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	530	295	240	5	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	20	5	15	495	265	235	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	430	230	195	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	65	35	30	1,900	1,365	535	35	25	15
$100,000 to $124,999	30	10	15	825	530	295	10	5	5
$125,000 and over	35	20	15	1,075	835	235	25	20	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	520	260	255	10,480	5,025	5,455	285	150	140
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	255	250	9,840	4,715	5,125	280	150	130
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,400	40,000	58,000	75,000	46,800	45,200	50,400	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	505	255	250	9,840	4,715	5,125	280	150	130
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	38,000	37,200	50,000	62,000	41,600	41,600	43,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	230	220	9,345	4,575	4,765	260	140	120
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	43,600	45,200	57,200	75,000	44,800	42,000	46,800	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	210	200	8,265	4,145	4,120	220	125	95
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	44,000	45,600	58,400	74,500	46,800	42,000	46,800	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	220	215	8,225	3,840	4,395	235	125	115
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,050	970	1,440	1,010	890	2,340	2,380	1,020	6,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	30	25	855	295	555	20	5	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,650	7,650	6,600	7,500	4,520	9,700	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	505	265	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	315	165	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470	245	225	9,900	4,760	5,140	310	165	150
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,800	47,600	47,600	76,600	97,700	57,000	69,000	90,000	45,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	470	245	225	9,900	4,760	5,140	310	165	150
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	41,600	40,800	61,250	75,900	47,680	54,800	68,500	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	230	205	9,325	4,580	4,750	280	150	130
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	44,800	44,800	76,800	98,600	55,700	68,000	92,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	200	195	8,300	4,175	4,125	225	135	90
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	43,600	44,400	72,200	88,100	56,100	58,400	68,000	43,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	425	225	205	8,305	3,840	4,455	270	150	120
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,880	7,150	6,600	5,044	3,484	6,390	8,300	5,600	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	70	30	35	835	275	560	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	9,000	9,500	9,940	7,050	11,360	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	500	265	235	10,525	5,055	5,470	315	160	160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	170	90	80	4,620	2,640	1,980	95	70	30
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	61,200	74,500	81,000	91,000	67,000	64,000	64,000	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,000	69,000	76,000	90,900	104,300	73,200	92,000	100,000	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	175	90	90	2,740	1,105	1,635	110	50	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	24,000	20,400	39,600	49,200	34,000	34,800	32,000	35,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	26,800	24,000	51,160	66,200	41,000	37,500	42,000	34,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.0	86.0	88.0	94.4	97.2	90.2	90.0	96.0	78.0
Employment income (%)	77.5	74.0	82.0	79.0	79.0	79.0	62.0	64.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)	13.1	13.6	12.6	5.5	2.9	9.7	10.6	5.8	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	2.0	3.2	1.1	0.4	2.2	x	...	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	315	...	...	5,335	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	118,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	99,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,305	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	60,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	51,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	4,030	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	139,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	142,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,400	...	...	115,200	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	1,280	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	87,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	72,600	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	4,055	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	159,200	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	118,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	310	...	...	5,335	...	...	140	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	55	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	80	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	100	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	95	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	120	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	115	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	280	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	270	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	305	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	290	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	275	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	95	...	...	3,140	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	680	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	565	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	885	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	1,015	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	310	...	...	5,335	...	...	140	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	55	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	90	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	105	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	115	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	130	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	175	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	170	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	330	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	365	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	360	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	355	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	350	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	2,635	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	775	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	665	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	1,200	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	150	...	...	3,890	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	1,300	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	102,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	2,160	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	162,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	350	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	81,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	190	115	80	1,685	745	940	45	30	15
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	38,400	38,000	56,400	63,200	51,600	47,200	47,200	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	36,000	35,600	48,000	52,800	45,200	40,800	43,600	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	125	...	...	3,915	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	129,400	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	1,280	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	120,600	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	2,175	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	180,000	...	...	175,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	144,200	...	...	152,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	365	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	87,200	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	75,600	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	220	145	80	1,645	685	960	30	20	0
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	44,000	40,000	77,600	96,800	63,900	60,000	56,000	...
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	38,500	35,000	65,200	81,200	53,800	48,000	48,000	...
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	625	320	305	14,050	6,890	7,155	360	180	175
0 to 17 years	115	60	55	3,925	2,050	1,880	80	35	40
0 to 5 years	60	35	30	1,725	910	810	30	10	20
18 to 64 years	460	225	235	8,930	4,335	4,595	215	115	105
65 years and over	50	30	20	1,190	510	680	65	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	40	40	795	355	445	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	220	105	120	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	90	40	50	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	25	25	470	215	255	5	0	5
65 years and over	15	10	5	110	35	75	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.8	13.2	5.7	5.1	6.2	2.8	x	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	12.0	12.0	5.6	5.0	6.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	16.0	5.2	4.6	6.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	12.0	12.0	5.2	4.9	5.5	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	28.0	20.0	40.0	9.2	7.2	10.8	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	625	315	305	14,045	6,895	7,155	360	185	175
0 to 17 years	115	60	50	3,930	2,045	1,880	75	35	45
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	1,725	915	815	30	10	25
18 to 64 years	460	225	235	8,935	4,335	4,595	220	115	105
65 years and over	50	30	15	1,185	510	675	65	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	30	30	495	230	270	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	115	50	65	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	50	20	25	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	20	330	155	170	10	5	5
65 years and over	5	5	5	50	20	35	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.5	9.0	3.5	3.3	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	8.0	3.0	2.5	3.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	2.8	2.4	3.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.0	9.5	3.6	3.6	3.7	4.5	4.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	x	4.4	3.6	4.8	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	625	320	305	14,050	6,890	7,155	360	180	175
In bottom half of the distribution	345	175	170	4,420	2,055	2,365	145	75	70
In bottom decile	80	45	35	705	325	380	15	10	5
In second decile	75	35	35	725	310	420	40	20	25
In third decile	75	35	40	820	400	420	20	10	5
In fourth decile	65	30	35	1,025	480	540	35	10	20
In fifth decile	50	30	25	1,140	540	600	35	20	20
In top half of the distribution	280	145	130	9,630	4,835	4,790	210	110	105
In sixth decile	35	25	10	1,380	675	705	35	20	20
In seventh decile	60	35	25	1,675	835	835	50	20	25
In eighth decile	40	20	25	1,750	865	880	45	25	20
In ninth decile	80	40	40	2,245	1,140	1,110	30	15	15
In top decile	70	35	35	2,575	1,325	1,255	55	25	25
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	625	...	...	14,045	...	...	360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.356	...	...	0.320	...	...	0.368	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.478	...	...	0.380	...	...	0.474	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.314	...	...	0.282	...	...	0.312	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	625	320	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
English only	565	290	275	12,980	6,410	6,570	325	170	155
French only	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	45	20	25	870	410	465	30	15	20
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	205	80	125	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	625	320	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
English	595	305	290	13,595	6,685	6,910	350	180	170
French	15	5	10	190	95	95	5	5	5
English and French	5	5	5	75	40	35	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	200	80	120	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	625	320	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
Single responses	595	305	290	13,310	6,515	6,790	350	180	170
Official languages	445	240	210	9,595	4,760	4,835	320	155	160
English	435	235	195	9,410	4,665	4,745	310	155	160
French	10	5	10	185	95	90	5	5	5
Non-official languages	150	65	85	3,710	1,760	1,955	30	20	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	65	85	3,710	1,760	1,955	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	235	130	110	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	225	125	105	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0	175	100	75	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	10	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	85	35	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	650	295	355	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	565	255	310	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	10	30	1,930	910	1,015	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	465	220	245	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	465	220	245	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	20	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	115	55	55	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5	65	35	35	5	5	0
German	5	5	5	70	35	30	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	565	265	310	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	530	240	285	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	155	70	85	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15	760	365	400	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	585	275	315	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	80	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	30	355	160	190	5	5	5
Chinese languages	60	25	30	350	160	190	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	225	105	120	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	110	50	65	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	755	385	365	10	5	5
English and French	0	0	0	75	45	35	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	590	305	285	10	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	625	320	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
English	460	245	210	9,710	4,795	4,915	325	165	155
French	5	5	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Non-official language	35	15	15	970	465	505	5	0	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	970	465	505	5	0	5
English and French	5	5	5	155	85	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	100	40	60	3,030	1,475	1,555	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	70	30	45	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	70	30	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	625	320	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
Single responses	600	305	290	13,315	6,525	6,790	340	175	165
Official languages	525	275	255	11,115	5,475	5,640	340	175	165
English	515	270	245	11,050	5,440	5,610	335	175	165
French	10	5	5	65	35	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	35	40	2,205	1,050	1,150	5	0	5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	40	2,205	1,050	1,150	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	135	65	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	130	65	65	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	380	180	195	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	20	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	10	1,145	550	595	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	265	135	130	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	260	125	130	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	160	75	80	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	370	170	200	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	345	160	190	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	505	245	260	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	415	200	215	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	50	65	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	225	105	120	5	0	5
Chinese languages	30	10	15	225	105	120	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	15	175	85	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	5	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	745	380	365	15	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	710	360	350	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	625	315	305	14,060	6,900	7,155	360	185	175
None	515	280	240	11,330	5,595	5,730	345	175	170
English	35	15	20	1,050	500	545	0	0	0
French	5	5	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Non-official language	50	20	30	1,230	585	650	10	10	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	1,230	585	645	10	10	5
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	155	75	75	5	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	585	320	270	14,180	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Official languages	565	310	260	13,960	6,850	7,115	375	180	195
English	565	300	260	13,960	6,850	7,115	375	180	195
French	15	15	0	810	380	430	30	15	15
Non-official languages	205	105	100	5,125	2,510	2,615	40	25	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	105	100	5,125	2,510	2,615	40	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	510	260	250	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	495	255	240	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	325	180	145	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	70	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	825	365	465	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	15	30	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	785	350	435	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	80	35	40	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	2,705	1,300	1,400	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	325	145	180	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	145	65	80	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,055	525	525	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	950	485	465	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	130	125	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	415	200	215	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	315	165	150	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	105	45	55	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	1,025	485	535	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25	850	410	440	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	165	85	80	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	220	125	95	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	55	50	490	255	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	55	50	490	255	230	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	20	30	295	145	150	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	45	30	215	115	95	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	320	265	14,180	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20	20	0	405	170	235	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	20	0	400	165	235	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	130	50	75	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	275	115	155	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	565	300	265	13,775	6,765	7,010	370	175	195
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	585	320	265	14,180	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	75	20	55	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	585	320	265	14,105	6,910	7,190	375	180	195
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Owner	115	...	...	3,975	...	...	110	...	...
Renter	220	...	...	1,360	...	...	30	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	1,890	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	305	...	...	3,440	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	760	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	95	...	...	1,365	...	...	25	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	1,760	...	...	45	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	75	...	...	1,415	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	150	...	...	2,110	...	...	15	...	...
5 rooms	55	...	...	710	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	715	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	560	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	55	...	...	1,240	...	...	70	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1	...	...	5.7	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
One person or fewer per room	325	...	...	5,205	...	...	140	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	120	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Suitable	315	...	...	5,150	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	0	...	...	135	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	1,215	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	45	...	...	4,010	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	305	...	...	5,300	...	...	135	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
One-maintainer household	215	...	...	2,330	...	...	40	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	2,870	...	...	85	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	130	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	225	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	95	...	...	1,380	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	1,710	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	870	...	...	10	...	...
55 to 64 years	80	...	...	495	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	395	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	85	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	325	...	...	5,305	...	...	145	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	190	...	...	4,040	...	...	140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	1,265	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	120	...	...	1,115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	330	...	...	5,330	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	1,435	...	...	10	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	120	...	...	1,225	...	...	0	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	155	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	170	...	...	3,890	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	305	...	...	5,150	...	...	145	...	...
In core need	65	...	...	300	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	245	...	...	4,855	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	3,975	...	...	110	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.7	...	...	88.2	...	...	45.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.8	...	...	18.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,040	...	...	2,380	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...	2,412	...	...	1,200	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	580,000	...	...	520,000	...	...	476,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	570,000	...	...	569,000	...	...	490,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	215	...	...	1,355	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	46.5	...	...	40.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.0	...	...	15.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,560	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...	1,702	...	...	1,300	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	585	315	265	14,185	6,935	7,245	375	180	195
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	45	30	15	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	20	0	375	155	225	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	20	0	360	155	210	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	215	100	115	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	565	300	260	13,720	6,740	6,985	365	180	190
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	585	320	270	14,185	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	510	290	220	12,395	6,085	6,305	355	170	185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	60	30	3,740	1,915	1,830	60	20	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	415	230	185	8,650	4,175	4,475	300	155	145
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	75	25	50	1,785	845	945	20	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	585	320	270	14,185	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	425	250	175	9,535	4,705	4,830	315	135	180
Immigrants⁸¹	155	70	85	4,375	2,105	2,270	65	40	20
Before 1980	0	0	0	295	135	160	25	20	0
1980 to 1990	25	10	15	220	95	125	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	25	15	15	440	225	215	15	0	10
2001 to 2010	30	10	25	1,330	690	635	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	40	35	2,095	960	1,135	15	10	0
2011 to 2015	20	15	0	1,085	465	620	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	50	25	25	1,015	500	510	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	10	270	130	145	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	155	70	85	4,375	2,105	2,275	65	45	20
Under 5 years	0	0	0	460	205	260	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	25	0	20	685	335	350	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	25	10	10	670	295	380	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	95	50	45	2,185	1,075	1,105	25	20	10
45 years and over	0	0	0	380	195	180	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	155	70	85	4,375	2,105	2,275	65	45	20
Americas	30	0	20	685	335	345	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	115	60	55	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	765	390	375	35	30	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	25	0	25	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	140	75	60	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	575	295	285	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	225	120	100	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	165	75	85	0	0	0
Asia	110	55	50	2,320	1,065	1,255	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	50	30	25	215	110	105	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	735	300	440	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	310	135	175	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	20	30	1,010	500	510	10	0	0
Americas	15	0	10	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	45	30	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	155	85	65	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	20	515	230	285	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	15	15	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	200	90	110	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	190	85	100	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	585	320	265	14,180	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
First generation¹⁰⁰	170	75	95	4,790	2,285	2,505	70	45	20
Second generation¹⁰¹	165	105	60	3,245	1,685	1,560	70	25	45
Third generation or more¹⁰²	255	140	115	6,145	2,960	3,185	240	110	130
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	150	70	80	4,080	1,970	2,115	40	25	15
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	45	40	2,765	1,420	1,345	15	15	0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	25	20	1,105	735	370	10	10	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	20	25	1,655	685	970	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	15	25	980	380	600	0	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	335	170	165	20	10	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	150	70	80	4,080	1,970	2,115	40	25	15
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	130	85	45	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	635	305	325	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	130	60	70	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	15	330	195	135	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	90	45	45	2,840	1,320	1,520	20	15	10
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	585	320	265	14,180	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	270	140	135	5,680	2,785	2,900	25	15	15
South Asian	0	0	0	1,355	675	675	0	0	0
Chinese	135	75	60	560	285	275	0	0	0
Black	45	25	30	720	370	350	0	0	0
Filipino	20	0	0	1,135	500	635	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	285	155	125	0	0	0
Latin American	25	0	20	635	315	315	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	20	0	10	265	125	135	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	160	70	90	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	0	195	100	95	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	295	150	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	315	185	130	8,500	4,145	4,355	350	165	185
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	590	320	270	14,185	6,935	7,250	375	180	195
Canadian	55	40	15	1,435	765	670	45	25	20
English	75	40	35	2,370	1,165	1,205	110	40	70
Irish	75	30	45	1,825	855	975	90	55	35
Scottish	95	60	30	2,000	985	1,020	170	70	105
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	25	25	915	455	460	35	10	25
German	55	30	25	1,695	850	845	75	40	30
Chinese	115	65	45	720	355	365	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	395	205	195	20	20	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	835	440	390	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	860	380	480	35	20	20
Dutch	20	10	0	475	220	255	40	20	20
Polish	15	10	0	450	215	235	25	10	15
Québécois	0	0	0	25	20	10	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	420	180	240	10	0	0
Filipino	15	10	10	1,155	500	660	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	255	100	155	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	10	0	140	45	90	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	210	85	120	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	235	135	100	10	10	0
Russian	25	10	15	400	175	225	10	10	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	335	145	190	40	10	35
Welsh	10	10	0	275	140	130	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	95	50	0	0	0
American	15	0	0	180	100	80	15	0	15
Spanish	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	165	95	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	15	125	65	60	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	195	90	110	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	105	40	70	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	25	190	75	110	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	135	55	80	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	60	30	25	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	30	25	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	215	120	95	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	75	55	20	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	230	105	125	20	10	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	90	50	35	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	110	70	40	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	160	75	85	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	40	15	20	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	75	55	25	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	110	65	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	120	75	45	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	30	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	165	85	80	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	165	80	90	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	55	15	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	70	35	40	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	45	30	20	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	105	65	35	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	35	0	35	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	40	10	35	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	105	45	60	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	30	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	45	30	15	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	585	320	265	14,180	6,930	7,250	375	180	195
Buddhist	35	15	20	90	55	45	0	0	0
Christian	200	105	95	7,245	3,375	3,870	170	85	85
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	35	15	20	1,580	770	815	20	10	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	195	60	130	0	0	0
Baptist	10	10	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Catholic	85	40	45	3,810	1,805	2,005	105	60	40
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	275	130	140	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	165	50	110	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	105	35	70	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	30	20	0	285	140	145	10	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	10	370	160	210	20	10	15
Hindu	0	0	0	520	260	260	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	70	30	45	0	0	0
Muslim	10	10	0	870	450	425	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	285	140	140	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	335	190	150	5,080	2,625	2,455	190	85	110
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	580	315	265	13,865	6,780	7,085	370	180	195
Non-movers	505	275	230	10,435	5,150	5,280	305	155	155
Movers	75	40	35	3,425	1,625	1,800	65	25	35
Non-migrants	60	25	35	2,680	1,265	1,415	60	25	35
Migrants	15	15	0	750	365	390	0	0	0
Internal migrants	15	15	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	280	140	145	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	15	0	315	135	175	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	155	90	65	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	540	295	245	12,735	6,185	6,550	355	180	170
Non-movers	270	160	110	3,060	1,540	1,525	240	120	125
Movers	270	135	140	9,675	4,645	5,030	110	60	45
Non-migrants	210	95	110	6,675	3,205	3,470	85	50	35
Migrants	65	30	30	3,000	1,435	1,555	20	10	10
Internal migrants	50	25	30	2,100	1,020	1,085	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20	1,185	595	595	15	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	915	425	490	10	0	0
External migrants	15	10	0	900	420	475	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	500	265	235	10,525	5,055	5,470	315	160	160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	90	55	30	1,000	520	485	45	20	30
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	410	205	205	9,525	4,540	4,985	275	145	125
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	205	185	8,190	4,000	4,180	210	110	100
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	30	25	405	220	185	30	10	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	335	175	160	7,785	3,785	4,000	180	100	85
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	265	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	320	165	155
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	45	35	845	405	440	40	10	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	155	80	75	2,455	1,255	1,200	35	20	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	265	135	130	7,225	3,395	3,825	240	125	115
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	75	55	3,100	1,545	1,555	125	55	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	40	0	655	490	165	35	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	15	0	230	120	110	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0	425	370	55	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	30	40	1,960	860	1,100	90	25	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	480	190	290	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	135	55	75	4,125	1,855	2,270	115	70	40
Bachelor's degree	75	25	45	2,935	1,320	1,620	85	50	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	0	220	115	115	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	170	80	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	25	10	15	735	310	425	25	20	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	390	205	185	8,185	4,005	4,185	210	110	100
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	25	295	140	150	20	10	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	70	45	1,580	865	715	30	15	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	120	115	6,310	2,995	3,315	160	85	75
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	70	45	2,555	1,300	1,255	75	40	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	30	0	550	415	135	15	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	175	90	90	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	25	0	370	325	45	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	25	30	1,610	735	870	50	20	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	10	400	150	250	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	120	50	70	3,755	1,695	2,065	85	50	35
Bachelor's degree	65	20	40	2,655	1,200	1,450	60	40	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	0	215	100	110	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	160	80	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	15	0	10	680	285	395	20	15	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	500	260	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	320	165	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	235	130	105	3,300	1,660	1,645	75	35	45
Education	15	0	10	425	95	340	15	10	0
13. Education	15	0	10	425	95	340	15	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	135	55	75	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	50	45	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	90	15	75	0	0	0
Humanities	15	10	10	260	80	180	20	15	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	55	0	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	85	30	55	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	15	10	725	235	490	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	115	40	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	90	0	90	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	110	20	90	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	160	35	130	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	25	15	0	245	140	105	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	55	10	40	1,790	770	1,015	40	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	60	0	60	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	10	40	1,720	765	955	40	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	10	270	105	165	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	90	20	75	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	55	20	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	405	290	115	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	360	255	105	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	60	15	1,495	1,275	220	65	55	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	10	10	645	540	110	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	15	0	335	265	70	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	215	200	15	20	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	175	165	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	80	80	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	90	30	60	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	80	25	60	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	10	15	1,315	295	1,025	45	0	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	1,190	230	960	40	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	315	165	150	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	150	25	125	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	115	90	25	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	390	205	185	8,190	4,000	4,185	210	110	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	155	90	65	1,875	1,010	870	55	30	25
Education	10	0	0	355	85	270	0	0	0
13. Education	10	0	0	355	85	270	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	115	45	70	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	75	10	65	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	205	55	150	15	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	60	15	40	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	0	635	215	420	15	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	85	30	55	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	75	0	75	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	90	20	70	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	145	35	110	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	10	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	55	10	45	1,575	670	905	15	10	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	60	0	55	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	10	40	1,515	665	850	15	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	10	225	95	135	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	85	20	65	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	75	45	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	385	275	105	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	340	245	95	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	55	0	1,310	1,100	210	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	570	470	100	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	310	240	70	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	190	175	15	15	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	140	135	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	65	65	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	80	25	55	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	10	20	1,145	285	855	35	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	20	1,040	225	815	30	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	140	25	115	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	390	205	185	8,190	4,000	4,185	210	110	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	155	90	65	1,875	1,010	870	55	30	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	235	115	115	6,310	2,995	3,315	155	85	75
Location of study inside Canada	180	90	95	4,330	2,035	2,295	150	80	70
Same as province or territory of residence	150	75	75	3,210	1,500	1,705	125	70	60
Different than province or territory of residence	35	10	20	1,120	530	590	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	50	25	25	1,980	960	1,020	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	490	255	225	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	240	145	95	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	30	25	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	10	15	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	115	55	60	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	230	120	110	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	140	85	60	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	45	15	30	0	0	0
Asia	30	20	10	900	380	520	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	70	40	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	345	140	195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	275	120	155	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	505	265	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	320	165	155
In the labour force	390	195	190	8,080	4,160	3,920	195	120	75
Employed	360	180	185	7,380	3,845	3,540	155	100	55
Unemployed	25	20	10	695	315	380	45	15	25
Not in the labour force	110	65	50	2,445	895	1,555	120	40	80
Participation rate	77.2	73.6	79.2	76.8	82.3	71.7	60.9	72.7	48.4
Employment rate	71.3	67.9	77.1	70.1	76.1	64.7	48.4	60.6	35.5
Unemployment rate	6.4	10.3	5.3	8.6	7.6	9.7	23.1	12.5	33.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	500	260	240	10,525	5,055	5,470	320	165	155
Did not work¹⁸⁶	125	75	55	2,570	995	1,570	100	35	65
Worked	375	185	185	7,955	4,060	3,900	215	130	85
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	175	85	85	4,795	2,755	2,035	100	65	30
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	200	100	95	3,165	1,295	1,865	120	60	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.1	36.4	38.0	42.2	43.9	40.3	39.0	42.0	34.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	390	200	190	8,080	4,160	3,920	200	120	75
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	385	195	185	7,910	4,080	3,830	190	120	75
Employee	350	165	185	6,775	3,380	3,395	165	95	70
Permanent position	260	130	135	5,995	3,080	2,915	150	80	70
Temporary position	85	35	50	785	300	480	20	20	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	15	15	210	75	135	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	65	20	40	570	225	345	20	20	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	25	0	1,130	695	435	25	20	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	390	200	190	8,080	4,160	3,920	200	120	75
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	385	195	185	7,910	4,080	3,830	190	120	75
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	125	100	25	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	10	50	1,600	480	1,130	30	15	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	35	0	1,090	815	275	40	30	0
3 Health occupations	25	10	20	980	240	740	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	15	10	820	255	560	15	10	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	145	55	95	1,590	710	875	50	30	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	70	70	0	1,255	1,130	125	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	120	100	25	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	0	0	175	160	15	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	390	200	190	8,080	4,160	3,920	200	120	75
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	385	195	185	7,910	4,080	3,830	190	120	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	0	25	470	280	190	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	120	90	35	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	30	0	810	645	160	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	345	275	70	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	15	0	280	175	105	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	50	20	35	805	385	420	25	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	0	435	310	120	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	135	90	50	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	305	150	160	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	135	70	70	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	30	20	865	490	375	15	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	10	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	10	325	190	135	0	0	0
61 Educational services	20	10	10	465	115	345	25	15	10
62 Health care and social assistance	30	15	20	1,280	250	1,025	20	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	125	65	55	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	45	25	20	325	155	170	20	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	0	15	305	145	155	0	0	0
91 Public administration	10	0	10	330	185	150	15	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	420	210	210	8,430	4,280	4,155	225	135	85
English	395	195	200	8,025	4,085	3,940	225	135	85
French	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	265	130	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	420	210	210	8,430	4,280	4,155	225	135	85
Single responses	415	205	205	8,400	4,260	4,145	225	135	85
Official languages	405	205	205	8,310	4,210	4,100	225	135	85
English	405	205	205	8,285	4,205	4,080	225	135	85
French	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	420	210	210	8,430	4,280	4,155	225	135	85
None	400	195	200	8,105	4,125	3,980	225	135	85
English	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
French	10	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	190	85	100	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	190	85	100	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	365	180	185	7,380	3,850	3,535	160	105	50
Worked at home	75	30	45	2,150	1,020	1,130	70	50	15
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	70	55	15	1,145	830	315	20	20	0
Usual place of work	220	95	125	4,070	1,975	2,095	70	35	35
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	220	95	120	4,070	1,975	2,095	70	35	35
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	210	85	120	3,700	1,755	1,940	70	35	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	265	135	130	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	70	50	20	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	290	150	140	5,210	2,810	2,410	85	50	35
Car, truck or van	195	105	90	4,665	2,560	2,105	85	50	35
Car, truck or van - as a driver	170	105	65	4,430	2,495	1,940	85	50	35
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	20	235	70	165	0	0	0
Public transit	55	25	30	180	75	105	0	0	0
Walked	25	20	10	200	50	150	0	0	0
Bicycle	10	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	0	10	145	105	40	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	290	150	140	5,210	2,810	2,410	85	50	35
Less than 15 minutes	65	20	45	945	325	620	40	20	25
15 to 29 minutes	145	80	60	2,550	1,485	1,065	30	10	15
30 to 44 minutes	50	35	15	1,170	675	495	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	25	15	10	295	175	115	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	10	0	10	245	145	105	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	290	150	140	5,210	2,810	2,410	85	50	35
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	330	235	95	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	15	10	1,045	600	450	15	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	90	55	30	1,585	840	740	10	0	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	20	25	960	490	470	25	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	60	25	35	600	275	325	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	65	35	35	690	365	320	15	15	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	115	65	55	3,965	2,065	1,900	80	35	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	0	5	275	145	130	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	60	45	3,685	1,920	1,770	75	35	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	35	25	2,430	1,255	1,175	50	30	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	175	95	85	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	80	50	35	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	25	2,250	1,165	1,090	45	25	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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