Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663490More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662721More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,081	...	...	735	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,498	...	...	304	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,352	...	...	295	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26,077.7	...	...	8,996.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.08	...	...	0.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	380
0 to 14 years	110	50	60	180	105	80
0 to 4 years	70	30	30	70	40	35
5 to 9 years	30	10	25	60	35	25
10 to 14 years	15	10	5	55	35	25
15 to 64 years	1,905	1,075	835	470	220	245
15 to 19 years	25	20	5	40	20	25
20 to 24 years	190	90	100	45	25	25
25 to 29 years	435	220	210	45	20	25
30 to 34 years	500	290	205	50	15	35
35 to 39 years	310	185	125	70	35	35
40 to 44 years	155	85	60	50	20	30
45 to 49 years	80	45	35	40	25	20
50 to 54 years	80	55	25	55	35	20
55 to 59 years	75	45	30	30	20	10
60 to 64 years	65	35	25	35	15	25
65 years and over	65	30	35	85	35	55
65 to 69 years	35	20	20	15	5	10
70 to 74 years	10	0	5	20	5	15
75 to 79 years	10	10	0	20	10	15
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	20	10	10
85 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.3	4.3	6.5	24.5	29.6	21.1
15 to 64 years	91.6	92.7	90.3	63.9	62.0	64.5
65 years and over	3.1	2.6	3.8	11.6	9.9	14.5
85 years and over	0.2	0.0	0.5	0.7	0.0	1.3
Average age of the population	34.6	35.2	33.9	35.3	33.8	36.6
Median age of the population	32.0	32.8	31.4	34.8	35.2	34.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,350	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
1 person	790	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	435	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	380
Average household size	1.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,970	1,105	865	550	255	295
Married or living common-law	915	490	430	250	125	125
Married	420	220	200	180	90	90
Living common-law	495	265	230	70	35	35
Living common law - Never married	450	235	215	65	30	30
Living common law - Separated	10	10	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	35	25	10	5	5	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,055	620	440	300	130	175
Not married and not living common law - Never married	930	560	370	220	100	120
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	15	15	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	90	50	40	40	15	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	20	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	475	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	370	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.3	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	480	...	...	185	...	...
Total couple families	445	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	195	...	...	80	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	120	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	245	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	220	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	65	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	50	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,080	1,155	925	735	355	375
Total - Persons in census families	1,100	560	535	570	280	290
Married spouses or common-law partners	880	465	420	240	120	120
Parents in one-parent families	40	10	25	60	10	55
Children⁶	180	85	90	270	150	120
In a two-parent family	135	70	65	170	95	80
In a one-parent family	40	15	30	100	55	45
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	980	595	385	165	80	90
Living alone	795	475	320	105	45	60
Living with other relatives⁷	60	30	30	30	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	125	85	35	30	20	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	460	...	...	155	...	...
Couple-family households	425	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...	70	...	...
Without children	330	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	80	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	795	...	...	105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,970	1,100	865	550	255	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,910	1,070	835	530	240	285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,000	70,000	56,000	30,400	30,600	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,910	1,070	835	530	240	285
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	56,000	47,600	28,200	28,600	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,840	1,030	815	425	195	225
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,000	70,500	54,000	21,400	23,600	18,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,730	970	760	355	170	185
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,500	70,500	54,800	22,400	23,400	19,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,165	610	555	495	220	275
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,120	4,480	4,000	13,500	10,900	14,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	155	85	70	80	40	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,240	6,160	5,480	4,920	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	305	235	200	110	90
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	10,000	9,500	9,800	9,200
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,850	1,050	790	570	255	315
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,700	88,200	73,200	33,000	34,800	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,850	1,050	790	570	255	315
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,650	65,000	54,800	30,100	30,800	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,780	1,015	765	425	210	220
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,000	87,200	70,400	26,800	27,600	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,670	960	710	385	190	195
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	79,600	85,000	72,200	26,100	26,800	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,125	615	510	540	240	305
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,920	7,520	8,400	13,700	13,100	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180	105	75	70	45	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	4,800	8,000	6,200	6,600	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	560	340	220	215	125	90
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,840	8,960	11,100	9,800	11,600	7,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	330
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	985	600	380	130	65	65
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	86,000	76,500	41,200	37,200	45,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	102,600	104,400	99,600	43,000	42,000	44,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	550	280	270	225	110	110
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	33,200	19,200	18,600	22,400	12,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,400	46,000	36,400	19,200	21,200	16,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	94.0	95.2	92.8	60.8	65.0	57.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	88.0	88.0	88.0	53.2	59.0	48.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	5.9	5.0	7.4	39.2	35.5	43.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.6	1.0	2.2	3.4	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	3.5	4.5	12.6	17.6	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	3.3	4.2	11.0	16.0	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,970	1,105	865	550	250	295
Without total income	60	35	30	25	15	10
With total income	1,905	1,070	835	525	240	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	65	70	55	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	110	60	50	75	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	190	90	95	125	55	70
$30,000 to $39,999	150	85	65	95	40	50
$40,000 to $49,999	155	70	80	60	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	140	65	75	45	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	185	100	90	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	160	95	65	20	5	15
$80,000 to $89,999	140	85	55	15	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	90	55	35	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	455	300	150	5	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	275	185	95	5	0	0
$150,000 and over	175	115	60	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,970	1,105	865	550	250	295
Without after-tax income	60	35	30	25	15	10
With after-tax income	1,905	1,070	835	525	240	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	65	70	55	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	120	65	50	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	230	120	110	150	75	75
$30,000 to $39,999	190	85	105	95	45	50
$40,000 to $49,999	210	105	105	60	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	280	160	120	40	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	205	120	85	15	5	15
$70,000 to $79,999	130	80	55	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	110	75	40	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	85	60	30	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	205	145	65	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	95	65	35	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	110	85	30	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,970	1,105	865	550	250	295
Without employment income	240	135	105	195	80	115
With employment income	1,730	975	755	360	175	185
Under $5,000 (including loss)	100	45	50	55	20	30
$5,000 to $9,999	120	60	60	45	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	135	70	60	70	35	40
$20,000 to $29,999	110	55	55	55	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	55	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	105	50	60	35	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	115	45	70	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	175	100	75	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	150	95	50	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	130	75	50	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	90	55	35	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	405	270	130	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	140	95	50	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	265	175	85	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,970	1,100	865	550	255	300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,860	1,035	820	505	230	275
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	67,000	48,800	25,800	24,200	26,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,860	1,035	820	505	230	275
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	54,400	41,600	24,200	23,400	24,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,770	995	785	410	190	215
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,800	68,500	50,000	21,600	25,000	18,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,640	920	720	340	165	175
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,200	69,000	51,200	24,600	26,800	21,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,045	545	500	455	200	255
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,220	930	1,320	8,600	4,160	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	90	50	40	60	30	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	4,400	9,600	5,680	5,000	6,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,830	1,045	785	555	255	300
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	74,400	81,200	65,200	28,600	30,400	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,830	1,045	785	555	255	300
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,150	57,600	49,600	26,000	27,200	25,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,745	1,005	735	425	210	215
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	76,800	83,400	67,600	25,600	29,400	21,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,630	945	685	360	185	175
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,800	80,800	69,000	26,800	30,600	22,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	960	525	440	480	230	250
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,595	2,040	3,260	10,080	6,280	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65	35	25	60	35	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	8,000	14,000	6,600	5,200	8,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	330
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	965	595	365	130	65	65
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	74,000	71,500	39,200	38,800	40,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	95,200	96,800	93,200	39,000	42,000	37,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	510	270	250	185	110	80
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,800	41,200	28,000	18,200	20,600	15,500
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	45,800	50,400	40,800	22,000	25,200	17,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	98.2	98.8	97.2	69.5	82.0	58.0
Employment income (%)	90.6	89.6	92.0	61.2	74.0	48.0
Government transfers (%)	1.8	1.3	2.8	30.6	18.8	42.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.3	0.7	2.6	2.4	2.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	50,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	795	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	31,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	28,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	555	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,600	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	820	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	35,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,200	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	110	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	565	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	140	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	140	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	140	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,350	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	385	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	95	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	500	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	56,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	51,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	920	560	360	135	65	70
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,000	67,500	60,000	31,200	31,800	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	54,400	50,800	28,000	28,000	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	470	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	325	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	163,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	925	585	340	135	55	80
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	78,000	76,000	81,600	33,000	31,000	34,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,500	57,800	60,000	30,400	28,000	31,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	380
0 to 17 years	130	65	60	210	110	95
0 to 5 years	85	40	40	80	40	35
18 to 64 years	1,890	1,060	830	440	210	230
65 years and over	65	30	30	85	35	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	250	140	110	185	95	85
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	55	45	15
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	230	135	95	105	50	50
65 years and over	5	0	5	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	12.2	12.0	25.0	27.6	22.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	10.0	16.0	27.0	36.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	x	12.0	24.0	32.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	12.6	11.6	23.6	24.0	23.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	30.0	20.0	36.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,080	1,155	925	735	355	375
0 to 17 years	125	65	60	205	115	95
0 to 5 years	85	40	45	80	45	40
18 to 64 years	1,890	1,060	830	445	210	235
65 years and over	65	35	30	85	35	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	215	125	90	110	60	50
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	35	25	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	200	120	80	65	35	30
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.3	10.8	9.8	15.2	17.5	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	8.0	16.0	16.0	20.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	x	12.0	12.0	12.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	11.2	9.6	14.8	17.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	16.0	x	20.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	380
In bottom half of the distribution	790	425	370	615	295	315
In bottom decile	255	145	105	155	90	70
In second decile	105	65	40	145	65	80
In third decile	110	50	60	115	55	65
In fourth decile	175	90	85	125	60	65
In fifth decile	145	80	70	65	30	40
In top half of the distribution	1,295	730	555	125	60	65
In sixth decile	185	120	65	60	25	35
In seventh decile	215	125	90	35	10	20
In eighth decile	225	120	105	20	15	5
In ninth decile	270	150	120	10	5	0
In top decile	400	225	175	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,080	...	...	735	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.416	...	...	0.259	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.457	...	...	0.464	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.360	...	...	0.232	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	375
English only	365	210	160	15	10	5
French only	110	60	55	430	200	230
English and French	1,580	880	695	265	135	125
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	30	10	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	375
English	825	460	360	30	15	10
French	1,075	600	475	615	290	330
English and French	165	85	75	65	40	20
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	30	10	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	375
Single responses	1,945	1,085	860	705	340	365
Official languages	1,300	760	540	385	185	200
English	400	255	150	15	10	5
French	900	510	390	375	175	195
Non-official languages	650	325	320	315	155	160
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	650	325	320	315	155	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	75	35	75	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	70	35	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	70	35	65	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	105	50	60
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	70	30	40
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	330	165	160	110	50	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Dari	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	90	90	95	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	5	5	0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	15	5	0	5
Spanish	110	60	55	90	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	45	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	75	65	35	20	10
English and French	45	30	20	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	10	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	375
English	415	245	175	20	10	5
French	695	395	295	355	165	185
Non-official language	145	75	70	105	50	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	145	75	70	105	50	55
English and French	345	200	145	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	230	120	110	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	170	85	85
English, French and non-official language(s)	185	95	90	60	30	35
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	375
Single responses	1,870	1,050	820	680	320	355
Official languages	1,600	910	690	470	220	245
English	675	390	285	20	15	10
French	925	520	405	445	210	235
Non-official languages	270	135	135	210	100	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	135	135	210	100	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	35	15	20
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	80	75	95	45	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	45	40	90	40	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	0	5	0	5
Spanish	60	30	30	85	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	110	105	60	30	25
English and French	95	60	40	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	45	30	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,080	1,160	925	735	355	380
None	1,430	800	625	520	250	265
English	240	125	115	30	15	15
French	125	75	50	75	40	40
Non-official language	140	80	60	60	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	80	60	60	30	30
English and French	20	15	10	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,015	1,145	870	790	375	415
Official languages	2,000	1,140	860	750	355	395
English	1,850	1,075	775	220	115	110
French	1,645	940	710	745	355	395
Non-official languages	1,010	525	485	495	245	255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,010	525	485	495	245	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	130	85	195	110	90
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	130	85	195	110	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	215	130	85	195	110	90
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	15	30	25	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	175	75	95
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	170	75	90
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	520	295	230	110	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	15	35	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	25	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
German	25	20	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	190	140	95	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	255	155	100	85	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	20	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	70	95	0	0	0
Chinese languages	160	70	95	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	45	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,015	1,145	875	795	375	415
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,005	1,135	875	795	375	415
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,015	1,145	875	795	375	415
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,015	1,145	875	795	375	415
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
Owner	685	...	...	60	...	...
Renter	660	...	...	240	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
Condominium	1,340	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	0	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	680	...	...	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	505	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...	120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,230	...	...	150	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...	95	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.2	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,315	...	...	265	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
Suitable	1,290	...	...	265	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	500	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	805	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,335	...	...	275	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
One-maintainer household	960	...	...	205	...	...
Two-maintainer household	380	...	...	75	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,340	...	...	305	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	600	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	360	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	115	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,315	...	...	300	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	915	...	...	235	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	400	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	335	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,345	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	450	...	...	120	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	400	...	...	60	...	...
Not suitable only	40	...	...	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	885	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,255	...	...	300	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	1,210	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	680	...	...	65	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	86.8	...	...	61.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.1	...	...	38.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,924	...	...	1,240	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	452,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	501,000	...	...	440,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	655	...	...	240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.3	...	...	18.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,510	...	...	730	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,610	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,015	1,140	870	795	380	420
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	25	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	25	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,980	1,110	870	785	380	405
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,015	1,145	870	790	375	415
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,500	855	645	650	305	345
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	50	45	215	120	90
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,410	810	600	430	180	250
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	515	285	230	145	75	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,015	1,145	870	790	375	415
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,055	625	430	395	175	220
Immigrants⁸¹	670	365	300	360	175	180
Before 1980	10	10	0	20	10	10
1980 to 1990	45	20	20	20	20	0
1991 to 2000	145	70	75	50	25	25
2001 to 2010	185	110	75	70	40	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	295	165	130	195	90	105
2011 to 2015	85	50	35	120	50	70
2016 to 2021	205	115	90	75	40	40
Non-permanent residents⁸³	290	150	140	40	20	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	670	370	300	360	180	180
Under 5 years	80	45	40	35	15	20
5 to 14 years	145	80	70	60	25	35
15 to 24 years	100	60	40	35	10	25
25 to 44 years	315	175	135	195	115	80
45 years and over	30	15	15	30	20	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	670	370	300	360	180	180
Americas	100	50	50	185	90	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	145	65	75
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	15	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	25	10	10
Europe	145	90	55	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	80	60	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	110	75	35	105	55	55
Algeria	25	15	10	40	25	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	55	40	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	0	60	30	30
Asia	310	155	160	55	30	30
Afghanistan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	40	10	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	35	15	35	15	20
Syria⁸⁹	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	75	30	50	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	25	0	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	205	115	90	80	40	40
Americas	35	15	20	50	25	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	40	25	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	35	10	0	0	0
France	40	25	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	30	15	25	10	20
Algeria	15	10	0	25	10	10
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	90	40	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,015	1,145	870	790	375	415
First generation¹⁰⁰	980	530	450	400	200	195
Second generation¹⁰¹	365	195	170	185	115	75
Third generation or more¹⁰²	665	415	250	205	60	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	665	360	300	335	170	165
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	470	260	210	130	75	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	260	180	80	75	60	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	80	125	55	15	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	115	50	60	155	60	90
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	45	30	40	20	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	665	360	300	335	170	165
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	20	0	50	30	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	20	15	25	20	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	10	25	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	140	90	45	10	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	415	215	200	250	120	135
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,015	1,145	875	795	375	415
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	820	410	410	535	290	245
South Asian	50	40	15	0	0	0
Chinese	180	70	105	0	0	0
Black	90	45	45	230	120	120
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	160	90	70	230	130	100
Latin American	115	75	35	55	35	20
Southeast Asian	70	25	45	20	10	10
West Asian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Korean	35	10	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,195	735	460	255	90	170
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,015	1,145	870	790	375	415
Canadian	230	140	85	95	60	35
English	65	50	15	0	0	0
Irish	125	85	45	25	0	20
Scottish	40	30	10	10	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	420	300	125	45	0	40
German	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese	175	75	105	0	0	0
Italian	105	50	50	15	0	0
Indian (India)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Québécois	80	40	35	80	30	50
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	20	20	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	10	0	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
American	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	50	0	35	15	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	90	55	40
Jewish	40	25	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	25	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	40	10	110	60	50
Greek	35	25	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Romanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	50	25	0	0	0
Iranian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	15	15	100	30	70
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	30	30	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	15	0	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	15	50	30	20
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	40	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	35	20	15	55	40	15
Brazilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,015	1,145	875	795	380	415
Buddhist	30	10	20	0	0	0
Christian	785	455	325	470	205	260
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	175	100	70	110	50	55
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	465	270	195	230	95	135
Christian Orthodox	85	40	40	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	45	15	25
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	40	20	20	75	40	35
Hindu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	35	15	0	0	0
Muslim	230	110	120	230	130	100
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	20	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	885	500	380	80	35	45
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,005	1,135	865	770	360	410
Non-movers	1,510	845	665	675	315	355
Movers	490	290	205	95	40	50
Non-migrants	325	205	125	85	40	45
Migrants	165	90	80	0	0	0
Internal migrants	115	60	55	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	50	25	30	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	25	0	0	0
External migrants	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,935	1,095	845	710	325	390
Non-movers	335	195	140	385	165	225
Movers	1,600	900	695	325	165	160
Non-migrants	795	440	345	235	125	105
Migrants	805	460	350	90	35	55
Internal migrants	490	290	200	25	0	20
Intraprovincial migrants	340	205	135	25	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	155	85	65	0	0	0
External migrants	315	165	145	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	330
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	30	15	165	75	90
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,870	1,065	805	420	175	240
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,620	930	685	405	180	225
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	10	90	35	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,595	920	675	315	140	175
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	335
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	15	140	70	80
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	190	115	75	155	70	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	950	730	285	110	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	455	280	175	215	80	135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	55	25	100	35	65
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	55	40	15	70	20	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	300	175	125	75	35	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	50	30	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,225	670	555	70	35	35
Bachelor's degree	655	350	300	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	75	75	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	30	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	350	185	160	10	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	25	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,620	935	685	405	180	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	10	75	35	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	115	80	35	85	45	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,485	840	645	245	100	140
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	410	265	150	180	70	110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	50	20	80	30	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	35	10	60	20	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	20	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	270	165	105	60	30	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	50	25	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,070	580	490	65	30	30
Bachelor's degree	530	295	240	35	15	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	70	70	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	30	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	320	160	160	10	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,915	1,095	825	585	250	335
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	230	140	95	300	140	160
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	65	60	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	40	45	0	0	0
Humanities	60	25	35	25	0	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	20	0	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	100	135	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	50	25	25	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	100	55	50	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	610	350	260	80	35	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	605	350	250	70	35	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	20	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	105	50	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	95	45	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	240	190	55	60	55	0
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	175	150	30	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	170	60	115	45	10	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	145	40	105	45	10	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	20	10	15	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	15	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,615	930	685	405	180	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	95	40	160	75	85
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	60	55	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	40	45	0	0	0
Humanities	50	20	25	15	0	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	20	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	80	110	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	25	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	95	50	45	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	550	315	235	70	30	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	540	315	225	55	30	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	15	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	80	35	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	80	30	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	225	175	50	55	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	170	145	30	20	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	10	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	140	55	90	40	15	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	120	35	80	30	15	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	20	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,615	930	685	405	180	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	95	40	160	75	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,485	840	645	240	100	140
Location of study inside Canada	1,160	655	500	145	45	100
Same as province or territory of residence	1,025	580	445	145	45	100
Different than province or territory of residence	130	75	55	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	325	185	145	105	60	45
Americas	65	40	25	20	10	0
United States of America	30	25	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	175	95	80	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	115	65	50	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	20	0	65	35	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	25	20	10
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	35	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	65	35	30	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,915	1,090	820	585	255	335
In the labour force	1,620	935	685	365	185	180
Employed	1,490	860	625	345	175	175
Unemployed	135	75	60	15	10	10
Not in the labour force	295	155	140	220	70	155
Participation rate	84.6	85.8	83.5	62.4	72.5	53.7
Employment rate	77.8	78.9	76.2	59.0	68.6	52.2
Unemployment rate	8.3	8.0	8.8	4.1	5.4	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,915	1,095	825	585	250	335
Did not work¹⁸⁶	330	170	160	220	70	155
Worked	1,580	920	660	365	185	180
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,010	625	385	135	65	70
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	570	295	270	230	120	110
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	44.3	41.2	35.2	35.0	35.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,620	940	685	365	185	180
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,605	930	675	360	185	175
Employee	1,375	775	600	330	155	175
Permanent position	1,175	675	495	250	115	130
Temporary position	205	100	105	80	35	50
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	65	60	35	15	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	85	35	45	50	20	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	225	155	75	30	25	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,620	940	685	365	185	180
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,605	930	675	360	185	175
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	15	30	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	435	200	240	20	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	310	255	60	35	30	10
3 Health occupations	125	45	80	50	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	140	80	60	45	0	40
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	80	50	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	310	170	135	125	60	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	95	80	15	45	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	35	25	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,620	940	685	365	185	180
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,605	930	675	360	185	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	65	45	15	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	70	40	35	80	60	20
41 Wholesale trade	35	20	10	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	105	50	55	40	20	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	50	25	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	105	60	45	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	160	105	50	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	450	295	150	20	0	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	15	35	15	20
61 Educational services	50	25	25	25	10	15
62 Health care and social assistance	130	40	90	70	20	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	20	10	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	95	65	30	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	60	10	45	15	0	10
91 Public administration	90	45	40	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,695	975	720	395	195	195
English	395	255	140	0	0	0
French	415	230	185	235	125	110
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	815	470	345	105	45	60
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,695	975	720	395	195	195
Single responses	1,420	815	600	370	190	180
Official languages	1,415	815	600	350	175	175
English	680	410	270	10	0	0
French	735	405	330	340	170	170
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	155	115	25	15	10
English and French	265	155	110	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,695	975	720	395	195	195
None	1,065	625	435	280	145	135
English	315	175	140	70	30	45
French	260	150	110	10	0	0
Non-official language	35	20	10	20	20	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	10	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,485	860	625	350	175	175
Worked at home	820	495	325	50	15	25
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	60	50	15	35	20	10
Usual place of work	595	305	285	265	130	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	595	305	290	265	130	130
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	480	245	235	215	100	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	15	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	40	40	55	30	25
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	660	355	300	305	155	145
Car, truck or van	340	190	150	175	110	60
Car, truck or van - as a driver	330	190	140	150	110	45
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	20	0	15
Public transit	140	80	55	75	25	55
Walked	150	70	75	20	0	20
Bicycle	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other method	10	10	0	25	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	660	355	300	305	155	145
Less than 15 minutes	100	60	45	45	0	40
15 to 29 minutes	295	160	135	80	60	25
30 to 44 minutes	165	95	70	100	60	40
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	25	30	15	15
60 minutes and over	50	20	30	50	15	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	660	355	300	305	155	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	20	10	25	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	85	45	35	55	20	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	180	100	75	55	30	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	180	80	100	40	20	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	85	55	35	10	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	25	25	85	50	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	130	65	65	210	115	95
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	25	25	20	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	40	190	105	85
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	55	30	30	130	75	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	15	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	15	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	115	65	50

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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