Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663474More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661758More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661950More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,133	...	...	468	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	413	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,824	...	...	297	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	259	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,723	...	...	274	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	219	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31,205.2	...	...	16,654.8	...	...	6.5	...	...	10,783.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.10	...	...	0.03	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,135	1,460	1,670	470	265	200	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	415	215	200
0 to 14 years	350	175	175	40	25	20	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	45	20	20
0 to 4 years	160	75	85	10	15	0	422,980	217,145	205,840	15	10	5
5 to 9 years	120	65	60	15	10	10	478,955	245,295	233,665	10	5	10
10 to 14 years	75	45	35	10	5	0	489,425	250,855	238,570	10	5	0
15 to 64 years	2,345	1,140	1,205	390	220	165	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	335	175	165
15 to 19 years	95	50	45	15	10	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	15	5	15
20 to 24 years	290	150	145	35	20	15	460,660	235,250	225,405	50	30	25
25 to 29 years	425	205	220	65	45	20	527,150	266,455	260,700	75	30	40
30 to 34 years	430	220	210	95	50	45	536,040	267,770	268,270	45	20	25
35 to 39 years	360	150	205	45	20	25	550,425	274,350	276,075	40	25	15
40 to 44 years	220	130	85	40	25	15	572,565	286,405	286,160	30	15	15
45 to 49 years	180	75	105	25	15	10	516,465	259,565	256,905	20	15	5
50 to 54 years	140	65	80	25	20	10	522,935	262,610	260,325	25	20	5
55 to 59 years	105	45	55	20	15	10	615,690	307,230	308,465	20	10	5
60 to 64 years	115	55	55	15	5	5	625,610	307,710	317,900	10	5	5
65 years and over	435	140	295	35	15	15	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	35	15	20
65 to 69 years	115	45	70	10	5	10	541,970	264,020	277,950	15	5	5
70 to 74 years	135	35	100	10	10	5	455,900	217,985	237,910	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	100	30	65	5	5	5	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	5	5
80 to 84 years	50	20	35	0	0	0	210,405	90,825	119,580	5	0	5
85 years and over	35	15	20	5	0	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	30	10	15	5	0	5	131,755	50,610	81,150	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.2	12.0	10.5	8.5	9.4	10.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	10.8	9.3	10.0
15 to 64 years	74.8	78.1	72.2	83.0	83.0	82.5	63.0	63.9	62.1	80.7	81.4	82.5
65 years and over	13.9	9.6	17.7	7.4	5.7	7.5	20.6	19.1	22.1	8.4	7.0	10.0
85 years and over	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	0.0	2.5	2.5	1.8	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	38.3	36.2	40.1	37.0	36.4	37.8	42.8	41.8	43.7	36.0	36.6	35.2
Median age of the population	34.8	33.6	36.0	33.6	33.2	34.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	32.4	34.8	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,720	...	...	270	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	215	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	15	...	...	271,245	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	260	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	220	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,720	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,720	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	220	...	...
1 person	785	...	...	150	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	610	...	...	85	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	205	...	...	25	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...	10	...	...	427,605	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,130	1,460	1,670	470	265	200	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	415	210	200
Average household size	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,780	1,285	1,500	430	240	185	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	370	190	180
Married or living common-law	1,525	765	760	145	75	70	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	170	85	85
Married	1,165	575	595	45	20	25	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	70	35	35
Living common-law	360	190	170	100	50	45	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	95	50	50
Living common law - Never married	305	160	140	90	50	40	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	90	50	40
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	5	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25	10	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	5	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,255	520	740	280	170	115	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	200	100	100
Not married and not living common law - Never married	865	435	430	245	155	90	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	175	95	80
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	25	40	10	5	0	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	0	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	195	50	150	25	5	15	494,210	197,455	296,755	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	135	15	120	5	0	5	380,100	89,515	290,580	10	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	830	...	...	90	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	90	...	...
2 persons	545	...	...	60	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	15	...	...	454,980	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	5	...	...	412,850	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	5	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	835	...	...	95	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	720	...	...	70	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	85	...	...
Married couples	540	...	...	20	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...	10	...	...	502,020	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	295	...	...	10	...	...	609,605	...	...	15	...	...
Common-law couples	180	...	...	50	...	...	828,005	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	40	...	...	426,120	...	...	30	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...	25	...	...	383,775	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	95	...	...	10	...	...	284,025	...	...	5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	15	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,130	1,460	1,670	470	265	200	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	415	210	205
Total - Persons in census families	2,075	1,010	1,065	245	135	110	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	240	125	115
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,435	735	705	145	75	70	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	165	85	80
Parents in one-parent families	110	15	95	20	10	10	383,780	99,755	284,020	5	5	0
Children⁶	520	260	265	80	50	35	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	65	35	30
In a two-parent family	380	190	195	40	25	15	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	60	30	30
In a one-parent family	140	70	70	40	25	20	585,820	317,400	268,415	10	5	0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	450	605	225	135	90	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	170	85	85
Living alone	785	305	485	150	75	75	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	105	50	50
Living with other relatives⁷	70	30	40	5	5	0	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	200	115	85	70	50	15	268,810	158,325	110,485	60	30	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,725	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	220	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	785	...	...	95	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	90	...	...
Couple-family households	685	...	...	75	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	80	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...	20	...	...	851,835	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	435	...	...	55	...	...	982,260	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...	20	...	...	331,395	...	...	5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	0	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...	30	...	...	139,280	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	790	...	...	150	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,780	1,280	1,500	425	245	185	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	375	190	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,190	1,420	420	240	180	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	350	180	175
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	29,600	36,800	34,400	38,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	39,200	42,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,195	1,420	420	240	180	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	350	180	175
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,000	28,200	32,400	31,200	35,200	36,400	39,200	33,600	34,400	37,200	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,340	1,095	1,245	370	205	160	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	340	175	165
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,800	33,600	19,400	29,400	29,400	29,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	32,000	37,600	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,835	930	900	340	195	150	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	300	150	150
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,800	29,400	30,200	29,400	36,000	40,400	31,600	30,400	35,600	20,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,165	920	1,245	370	205	165	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	280	130	150
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,080	9,200	8,900	8,400	9,200	11,500	10,200	12,300	6,900	6,900	7,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	100	130	75	40	30	837,635	441,080	396,550	30	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	5,520	7,400	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,040	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	825	390	430	180	115	65	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	135	70	60
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	8,500	8,000	7,750	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	6,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,775	1,290	1,485	445	250	195	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	320	170	145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,210	1,420	445	245	195	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	305	165	140
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,400	39,000	39,200	33,600	46,000	51,160	57,550	44,960	56,800	74,000	37,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,630	1,210	1,420	445	245	195	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	305	165	140
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440	38,000	33,280	33,800	29,200	39,600	41,840	45,760	38,000	45,600	57,600	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,280	1,095	1,190	395	215	180	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	285	160	130
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,800	34,800	34,200	28,600	40,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	52,400	70,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,825	935	890	355	190	170	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	245	145	105
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,000	38,700	34,200	29,200	39,600	46,240	51,950	40,040	54,000	72,000	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,205	970	1,230	405	230	175	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	245	120	125
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,590	9,760	11,240	9,240	9,600	8,700	12,410	11,500	13,220	10,100	10,400	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	135	125	60	25	35	837,180	441,665	395,515	20	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	6,700	7,600	6,600	5,600	7,200	7,040	6,380	7,780	14,000	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	875	455	420	190	120	70	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	100	65	40
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,120	10,440	9,800	8,700	9,200	8,000	8,130	7,910	8,390	10,200	10,400	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,780	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	315	175	145
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	865	450	420	175	85	90	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	100	60	35
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	52,800	41,600	41,600	35,600	58,400	62,800	53,600	70,500	78,000	x
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,800	73,200	60,000	50,800	46,000	55,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	98,000	124,000	52,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	785	420	370	140	85	60	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	130	75	60
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,700	11,800	16,200	13,900	11,900	18,000	18,600	21,400	16,600	20,400	25,400	11,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,880	22,600	23,100	20,400	18,400	23,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	26,800	33,000	18,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.2	74.8	78.5	74.0	82.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	86.0	88.0	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	76.4	62.4	70.5	66.0	74.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	76.0	84.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9	16.9	25.0	21.6	26.4	17.2	20.1	15.8	25.6	14.4	10.4	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	2.2	1.8	2.8	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.6	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.7	9.1	8.3	10.7	14.2	7.4	5.4	4.8	6.1	6.7	6.0	8.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.9	8.5	7.4	9.6	13.2	6.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	6.2	5.6	7.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,780	1,285	1,495	430	240	185	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	370	190	180
Without total income	165	85	75	10	0	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	20	10	10
With total income	2,615	1,195	1,420	420	235	180	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	355	180	175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395	160	240	30	25	10	462,400	204,245	258,155	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	330	135	195	55	30	20	809,375	334,315	475,065	40	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	485	195	290	80	45	35	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	60	25	35
$30,000 to $39,999	315	140	175	65	45	25	896,520	414,070	482,445	50	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	290	130	165	55	25	35	849,005	411,680	437,325	45	15	30
$50,000 to $59,999	210	100	110	40	25	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	175	85	90	25	15	15	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	120	65	55	15	5	5	367,455	208,475	158,980	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	85	40	40	15	10	5	284,690	158,760	125,930	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25	10	10	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	150	105	45	20	15	10	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	30	15
$100,000 to $149,999	115	75	40	20	15	10	385,890	245,635	140,260	20	15	10
$150,000 and over	35	30	5	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,780	1,285	1,495	430	240	185	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	370	190	180
Without after-tax income	165	90	75	10	0	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	20	10	10
With after-tax income	2,615	1,195	1,420	420	235	180	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	355	180	175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	405	165	245	30	25	10	495,035	214,000	281,030	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	335	140	195	55	35	20	853,250	356,480	496,765	50	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	535	225	315	100	60	45	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	70	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	400	170	235	90	50	40	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	60	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	345	170	180	50	25	25	994,235	505,970	488,265	40	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	235	115	120	35	20	20	691,015	372,870	318,145	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	145	85	65	25	10	10	459,665	251,490	208,170	30	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	30	15	10	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	55	35	25	5	5	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	5	5	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	50	40	15	5	5	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	30	20	5
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5	5	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	20	20	5	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	15	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,780	1,285	1,495	430	240	185	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	370	190	180
Without employment income	945	350	595	85	50	35	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	75	35	35
With employment income	1,830	930	905	340	190	150	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	300	155	145
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305	135	170	45	30	10	644,075	331,770	312,300	45	20	30
$5,000 to $9,999	195	95	100	20	15	10	401,185	180,585	220,595	30	5	20
$10,000 to $19,999	235	120	120	55	25	30	603,350	273,725	329,620	40	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	70	50	25	25	495,105	228,670	266,435	30	25	5
$30,000 to $39,999	145	70	75	40	20	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	30	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	185	85	105	30	20	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	25	10	15
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65	25	15	15	403,980	217,425	186,560	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	135	70	65	25	15	10	320,700	184,770	135,935	20	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	90	55	35	5	5	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	70	35	30	20	10	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25	10	10	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	125	90	35	20	10	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	30	25	10
$100,000 to $124,999	65	40	20	10	5	10	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	5	5	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	20	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,780	1,280	1,500	425	245	185	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	375	190	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345	410	230	180	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	345	175	165
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	32,400	26,800	30,600	28,600	35,200	38,400	43,200	34,000	32,800	37,200	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345	410	230	180	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	345	175	165
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	30,800	25,400	27,400	25,800	32,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	30,400	32,400	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,260	1,080	1,180	365	210	160	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	325	175	155
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	32,000	22,800	29,000	27,800	31,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	31,400	36,400	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,765	900	865	330	180	150	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	290	155	135
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,600	30,800	28,800	32,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	28,600	35,200	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,945	835	1,115	335	180	150	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	245	115	130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,570	1,400	2,220	2,040	2,040	2,040	7,800	5,640	9,100	1,450	1,450	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	115	55	60	45	25	20	727,165	390,255	336,910	20	10	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,160	7,650	5,200	5,160	6,240	5,000	4,760	5,280	7,700	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,775	1,290	1,485	445	250	195	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	320	170	145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350	430	235	190	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	295	165	125
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,800	35,160	35,800	30,000	42,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	52,400	64,000	37,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350	430	235	190	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	295	165	125
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,840	35,700	30,280	31,000	26,200	36,800	39,600	44,000	35,320	41,600	48,400	33,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,090	1,165	395	210	180	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	280	160	120
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,400	33,700	34,000	28,800	40,400	45,920	53,800	37,920	50,000	62,400	33,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,775	920	850	340	175	170	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	245	150	95
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	47,800	37,600	35,200	30,800	40,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	50,400	62,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,965	870	1,090	345	195	150	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	240	130	110
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,045	4,210	7,500	5,340	5,360	5,300	9,450	8,430	10,320	5,360	3,950	7,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120	65	55	35	25	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	30	0	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,600	12,000	9,000	6,800	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	9,000	...	12,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	315	175	145
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	840	445	405	160	70	90	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	100	60	35
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,200	46,000	38,800	41,600	36,400	54,800	60,000	49,200	45,600	87,000	x
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,400	69,600	52,400	48,800	48,000	50,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	76,000	100,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	720	405	315	145	85	60	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	120	75	50
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	21,600	25,400	17,800	17,000	25,600	23,600	27,200	21,000	35,200	45,200	32,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,450	29,100	30,000	25,200	20,800	31,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	38,000	39,000	36,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	92.8	82.8	88.0	86.0	90.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	92.0	96.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	76.6	84.8	67.6	78.0	75.0	82.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	82.0	88.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)	11.9	7.0	17.3	12.0	14.6	10.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	8.6	5.0	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	2.0	2.4	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.6	x	5.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,720	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	55,600	...	...	72,500	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	49,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	790	...	...	150	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	40,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...	35,600	...	...	34,400	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	935	...	...	125	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	75,500	...	...	97,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,740	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,100	...	...	61,200	...	...	92,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,650	...	...	52,800	...	...	75,200	...	...	71,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	165	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,100	...	...	46,800	...	...	47,680	...	...	41,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,600	...	...	40,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	35,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...	120	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...	82,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	71,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,720	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	220	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	5	...	...	35,920	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	15	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	10	...	...	144,420	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	15	...	...	143,285	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	25	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	10	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	30	...	...	310,880	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	145	...	...	25	...	...	280,505	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	20	...	...	255,770	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	20	...	...	235,235	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	10	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	330	...	...	45	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	25	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	55	...	...	5	...	...	307,835	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	5	...	...	239,060	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,720	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	220	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	15	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	15	...	...	177,135	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	25	...	...	180,150	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	30	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	15	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	15	...	...	193,530	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	40	...	...	356,325	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...	25	...	...	322,530	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...	15	...	...	254,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	25	...	...	892,775	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100	...	...	10	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	225,830	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	5	...	...	279,105	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	845	...	...	95	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	77,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	70,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...	55	...	...	991,710	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	67,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	20	...	...	907,765	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	20	...	...	368,845	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	73,500	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	61,200	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	985	420	570	215	130	90	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	160	85	80
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	31,800	31,000	37,600	33,200	41,200	36,800	39,200	34,800	31,600	32,800	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,600	29,200	32,400	30,400	36,000	33,200	34,800	31,600	30,800	29,600	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	840	...	...	85	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	90,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,800	...	...	77,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...	45	...	...	992,110	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	170,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	66,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	25	...	...	909,160	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	110,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	15	...	...	367,155	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	45,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040	445	595	255	140	115	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	160	85	70
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,700	34,400	40,200	38,800	28,800	51,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	42,000	50,000	32,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,850	29,200	33,800	33,600	25,600	43,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	34,500	39,500	28,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,135	1,460	1,670	465	265	205	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	410	215	200
0 to 17 years	390	200	190	55	30	20	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	45	25	25
0 to 5 years	180	85	105	20	15	5	515,725	264,785	250,935	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,185	380	215	165	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	330	175	160
65 years and over	435	145	290	35	15	15	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	35	15	15
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	955	435	525	65	35	35	992,235	463,295	528,940	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	130	65	70	5	5	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	50	15	35	5	0	5	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	675	330	350	50	30	20	515,470	256,435	259,035	65	30	35
65 years and over	150	40	110	10	5	5	317,235	124,865	192,370	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.6	29.7	31.3	14.0	13.0	15.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	17.5	17.0	18.0
0 to 17 years (%)	33.5	33.0	35.0	x	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	16.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	20.0	32.0	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	29.3	29.3	29.2	13.6	14.0	13.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	19.0	17.0	20.0
65 years and over (%)	34.5	28.0	37.5	25.0	x	40.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	415	210	205
0 to 17 years	390	195	195	50	30	25	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	45	20	20
0 to 5 years	185	80	100	25	15	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,180	375	220	160	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	335	170	160
65 years and over	435	140	295	40	20	20	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	35	20	20
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	680	330	350	55	35	20	439,850	223,055	216,795	60	25	30
0 to 17 years	90	50	45	0	0	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	25	5	15	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	525	260	265	50	35	15	313,970	167,015	146,955	55	25	30
65 years and over	65	25	45	5	0	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	21.7	22.7	20.9	11.6	14.0	9.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	14.4	13.0	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	23.2	24.0	23.0	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	10.0	16.0	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	22.7	23.2	22.2	13.2	17.0	8.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	17.0	15.0	19.0
65 years and over (%)	14.8	17.0	14.0	12.0	x	25.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,135	1,460	1,670	470	265	200	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	415	215	200
In bottom half of the distribution	2,275	1,030	1,245	340	195	140	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	250	115	135
In bottom decile	845	400	445	85	55	30	851,840	407,705	444,140	80	40	40
In second decile	440	170	270	70	35	35	920,490	434,730	485,760	55	25	30
In third decile	350	160	195	90	45	45	969,255	471,650	497,600	45	20	25
In fourth decile	325	145	180	55	35	25	978,345	482,760	495,590	30	10	25
In fifth decile	315	150	165	40	25	20	947,090	473,285	473,810	45	20	20
In top half of the distribution	855	430	425	130	70	60	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	165	95	70
In sixth decile	225	110	110	40	20	20	899,660	454,970	444,690	15	10	10
In seventh decile	225	110	115	35	15	20	837,225	425,400	411,830	35	20	15
In eighth decile	170	95	70	25	15	10	752,410	383,450	368,955	40	20	15
In ninth decile	145	70	75	20	10	10	634,425	325,700	308,730	30	20	15
In top decile	100	45	50	10	0	0	517,725	267,160	250,565	45	25	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,130	...	...	470	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.402	...	...	0.281	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.388	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.524	...	...	0.440	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.472	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.357	...	...	0.246	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.334	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	8.1	...	...	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	205
English only	960	465	495	10	10	0	445,575	228,840	216,735	40	15	25
French only	325	120	210	130	65	65	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	55	25	30
English and French	1,635	785	850	325	190	140	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	315	170	150
Neither English nor French	205	90	110	0	0	0	82,075	35,200	46,875	0	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	205
English	1,415	685	725	30	20	5	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	105	45	55
French	915	400	515	425	240	190	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	265	140	125
English and French	605	280	325	15	10	5	329,515	169,050	160,465	35	20	15
Neither English nor French	200	90	110	0	0	0	79,000	33,590	45,410	0	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	205
Single responses	2,900	1,360	1,535	455	260	200	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	385	200	190
Official languages	985	450	530	410	235	175	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	300	155	150
English	325	165	160	15	15	0	639,365	323,170	316,195	65	30	40
French	655	285	370	395	225	170	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	230	120	110
Non-official languages	1,915	910	1,005	40	20	20	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	90	50	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,915	910	1,005	40	20	20	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	90	50	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25	10	5	5	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	40	20	10	5	5	204,600	107,735	96,865	10	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	20	10	5	5	198,785	104,765	94,020	10	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	285	290	25	15	15	595,790	290,670	305,115	60	30	35
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	0	0	0	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	0	0	0	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	5	0	0
Russian	95	45	55	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	5	5
German	5	5	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	100	95	5	0	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	5	0	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	65	75	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	5	0	5
Dari	5	0	5	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	130	60	65	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	120	130	15	10	10	346,000	167,870	178,130	40	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	0	0	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	40	45	5	5	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	15	5	10
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	125	60	60	15	10	10	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	50	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,110	505	605	5	5	5	87,540	40,170	47,375	15	5	5
Chinese languages	1,110	505	605	5	5	5	87,155	39,990	47,160	15	5	5
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	915	420	495	5	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	5	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	160	75	85	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	100	135	15	10	5	308,550	155,455	153,095	25	10	15
English and French	55	25	30	10	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	50	0	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	5	0	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	205
English	385	200	190	20	15	5	623,305	313,780	309,520	55	25	30
French	565	240	325	360	200	160	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	180	95	80
Non-official language	955	450	505	5	0	0	366,730	177,410	189,315	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	955	450	505	5	0	0	343,650	165,830	177,825	15	10	10
English and French	190	90	100	40	30	10	497,380	256,735	240,645	80	40	40
English and non-official language(s)	545	255	290	10	5	5	205,755	102,290	103,470	25	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	15	5	15	375,795	179,585	196,210	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	310	145	165	20	10	10	284,940	141,275	143,665	45	30	15
Multiple non-official languages	70	30	35	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	205
Single responses	2,875	1,340	1,530	445	255	190	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	385	195	185
Official languages	1,340	620	720	430	250	185	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	330	170	160
English	655	325	330	25	15	10	874,185	438,570	435,615	100	45	60
French	685	300	390	405	230	175	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	230	125	100
Non-official languages	1,535	725	810	15	10	10	662,615	322,860	339,750	50	25	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,535	720	815	15	10	10	628,365	305,820	322,555	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	0	0	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	215	235	10	5	5	336,635	164,100	172,535	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	85	40	45	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	80	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	115	55	60	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	115	55	65	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	105	50	55	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	85	100	5	5	5	182,585	88,060	94,525	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	35	40	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	10	5	10
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50	5	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	90	40	55	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	910	420	490	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	10	5	5
Chinese languages	910	420	490	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	775	365	415	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	60	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	255	120	140	20	10	10	357,245	176,070	181,175	30	15	20
English and French	60	30	35	10	10	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	105	45	55	0	0	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	5	0	5	116,595	56,445	60,150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,130	1,460	1,675	470	265	200	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	210	200
None	2,085	980	1,105	400	225	175	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	275	140	135
English	385	180	210	30	25	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	45	25	20
French	145	65	75	10	5	0	259,425	127,380	132,040	30	20	15
Non-official language	220	90	135	15	5	10	269,715	129,830	139,890	20	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	220	90	135	15	5	10	264,405	127,330	137,070	20	10	15
English and French	110	50	60	5	0	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	5	0	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	5	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,115	1,465	1,655	485	270	210	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	350	195	160
Official languages	2,945	1,390	1,555	485	270	210	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	345	190	155
English	2,630	1,280	1,350	370	190	175	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	295	160	130
French	1,990	930	1,060	460	255	205	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	315	175	140
Non-official languages	2,265	1,085	1,175	80	35	45	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	150	75	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,265	1,085	1,175	80	35	45	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	150	75	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	20	10	10	0	385,210	201,105	184,100	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	45	20	10	10	0	363,875	190,005	173,870	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	65	45	15	10	10	0	343,675	179,750	163,930	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	10	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	15	0	10	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	785	400	385	65	30	40	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	130	60	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	70	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	160	80	70	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	10	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	140	75	65	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	30	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	30	20	10
German	20	10	10	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	30	20	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	290	150	140	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	55	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	90	45	45	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	80	80	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	150	75	75	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	145	70	75	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	160	180	60	20	40	684,830	324,095	360,735	80	35	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	0	0	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	40	50	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	25	15	10
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	170	90	80	55	20	40	453,905	210,400	243,505	60	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	20	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	115	45	70	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	30	15	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,190	555	635	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,190	555	635	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,070	495	575	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	195	85	115	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655	485	275	215	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	350	195	160
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0	10	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0	10	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	10	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,105	1,460	1,650	475	270	205	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	345	195	155
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655	485	275	215	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	350	195	160
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,120	1,465	1,655	480	275	205	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	350	195	160
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
Owner	745	...	...	45	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	60	...	...
Renter	995	...	...	235	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	130	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
Condominium	1,585	...	...	45	...	...	515,590	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	150	...	...	235	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	10	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	765	...	...	135	...	...	623,295	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	785	...	...	90	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	35	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,575	...	...	170	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	110	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	60	...	...	645,635	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	40	...	...	435,225	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	403,225	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.3	...	...	4.1	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,685	...	...	275	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	190	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
Suitable	1,595	...	...	275	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	190	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	0	...	...	142,775	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...	125	...	...	879,375	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	105	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	30	...	...	509,120	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	385,315	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	520	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,140	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,710	...	...	250	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	180	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	30	...	...	236,110	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,080	...	...	195	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	110	...	...
Two-maintainer household	630	...	...	55	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	70	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	25	...	...	89,875	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	10	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	115	...	...	525,540	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	290	...	...	60	...	...	647,165	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	220	...	...	25	...	...	628,630	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...	40	...	...	760,395	...	...	15	...	...
65 to 74 years	185	...	...	15	...	...	629,965	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...	15	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,680	...	...	280	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	845	...	...	210	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...	70	...	...	595,690	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...	55	...	...	542,060	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,735	...	...	280	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	945	...	...	100	...	...	901,440	...	...	95	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	780	...	...	65	...	...	537,090	...	...	75	...	...
Not suitable only	100	...	...	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	20	...	...	179,840	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	790	...	...	180	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,525	...	...	265	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	180	...	...
In core need	225	...	...	25	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	1,300	...	...	240	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	740	...	...	45	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	65	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.4	...	...	66.7	...	...	62.2	...	...	46.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	30.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...	1,740	...	...	1,070	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,416	...	...	1,440	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	417,000	...	...	560,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	800,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	995	...	...	240	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	130	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.5	...	...	14.6	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	55.0	...	...	27.1	...	...	25.2	...	...	50.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.4	...	...	11.4	...	...	11.9	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	755	...	...	810	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,356	...	...	870	...	...	886	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,115	1,460	1,650	485	275	210	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	350	190	160
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	15	10	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	10	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	10	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	10	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,105	1,460	1,645	465	260	200	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	335	185	145
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,115	1,460	1,650	480	275	210	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	350	190	155
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,785	855	930	405	220	180	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	265	150	115
Canadian citizens aged under 18	245	130	120	45	30	20	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	30	20	15
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,535	725	810	360	195	165	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	235	130	100
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,330	610	725	80	50	30	518,265	264,490	253,775	85	40	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,115	1,460	1,650	480	275	210	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	350	190	155
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,065	485	580	380	205	170	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	190	110	85
Immigrants⁸¹	1,345	635	705	60	35	25	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	110	60	45
Before 1980	60	20	40	0	0	0	187,200	91,895	95,300	30	10	10
1980 to 1990	85	55	30	0	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	175	105	75	0	0	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	15	15	0
2001 to 2010	295	135	160	10	10	0	312,210	150,825	161,390	20	10	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	720	320	405	40	25	20	396,090	192,745	203,340	40	20	20
2011 to 2015	305	150	160	25	15	10	193,345	93,485	99,855	10	0	0
2016 to 2021	420	175	245	15	10	10	202,740	99,260	103,480	30	15	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	710	335	370	40	30	15	205,770	113,500	92,275	50	15	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,345	635	705	60	35	25	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	110	65	45
Under 5 years	70	30	40	0	0	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	240	135	110	10	0	0	201,385	101,555	99,835	20	10	0
15 to 24 years	210	110	105	20	15	0	213,035	96,175	116,860	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	690	305	385	35	15	20	594,845	292,975	301,875	75	50	30
45 years and over	130	60	70	0	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,345	635	705	60	35	25	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	110	65	45
Americas	120	50	65	15	10	10	264,885	121,740	143,145	25	15	10
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	35	20	20	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	30	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	10	0	0
Europe	175	90	85	15	10	10	309,015	154,110	154,910	55	35	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	30	15	10	15	0	10	93,160	49,870	43,290	25	25	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	15	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	15	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	20	0	10	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	25	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	75	45	35	20	15	0	302,010	153,655	148,355	20	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	20	20	15	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	965	450	515	10	0	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	125	60	60	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	570	255	315	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	20	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	75	35	40	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	15	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	40	20	25	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	15	30	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	175	245	15	0	10	202,740	99,265	103,480	30	20	15
Americas	30	20	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	25	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	20	10	10
France	15	0	10	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	15	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	15	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	10	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	300	110	190	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	205	75	135	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	15	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	10	25	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,115	1,465	1,655	485	270	210	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	350	195	160
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,075	995	1,085	110	70	40	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	165	85	80
Second generation¹⁰¹	410	195	215	50	15	30	883,485	446,000	437,490	50	20	25
Third generation or more¹⁰²	630	280	355	325	185	135	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	135	85	50
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,285	620	670	60	30	25	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	80	50	30
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	840	420	425	25	10	15	559,935	290,040	269,895	55	40	15
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	430	220	205	15	0	15	267,870	161,125	106,740	45	40	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	200	215	10	0	0	292,070	128,915	163,155	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	345	155	190	25	20	0	272,255	109,735	162,515	30	10	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	40	50	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,285	620	670	60	30	25	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	80	50	30
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	20	0	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85	35	50	10	0	10	94,185	46,445	47,740	35	20	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	185	75	110	15	10	10	48,805	27,680	21,130	10	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	15	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	900	430	470	25	20	0	756,120	358,700	397,420	40	25	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,115	1,465	1,655	485	270	215	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	350	195	160
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,060	975	1,090	85	55	30	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	55	15	35
South Asian	165	85	75	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	1,180	550	630	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	130	55	75	40	20	20	422,405	206,335	216,070	10	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	75	55	25	15	10	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	0	0	0
Latin American	115	60	55	15	15	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	15	0	15
Southeast Asian	50	25	30	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	165	80	85	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	115	45	70	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	25	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,050	490	560	400	220	185	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	295	175	125
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,115	1,460	1,655	485	270	210	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	350	190	155
Canadian	285	110	170	100	65	40	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	45	30	15
English	30	10	20	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	10	0	10
Irish	70	35	40	20	15	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	30	15	20
Scottish	55	15	40	10	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	10	0	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	240	115	130	125	75	50	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	120	80	40
German	10	10	0	10	10	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	30	10	20
Chinese	1,015	495	520	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	120	55	60	15	10	10	316,315	157,600	158,720	15	0	15
Indian (India)	105	60	45	10	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	10	0	10	63,505	31,010	32,495	10	0	10
Québécois	60	20	40	100	50	50	931,940	465,630	466,305	15	15	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	10	30	20	10	15	588,805	290,630	298,180	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	45	25	25	10	10	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0	10	10	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	85	55	30	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	15	30	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	20	10	0
American	0	0	0	10	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	25	10	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	20	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	20	0	15	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	15	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	20	15	15	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	10	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	165	65	95	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	55	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	15	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	140	65	70	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	15	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	10	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	15	10	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	15	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	30	20	10	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	35	10	25	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	15	0	10	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	15	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	30	35	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	10	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	0	15	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,120	1,465	1,655	485	275	215	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	350	195	160
Buddhist	90	35	55	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	1,085	455	635	180	105	75	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	80	35	45
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	205	85	115	20	15	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	750	310	440	160	95	65	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	60	30	30
Christian Orthodox	70	40	35	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	15	10	10	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	0	15	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	95	45	45	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	45	25	15	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	10	0	10
Muslim	180	90	80	25	20	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	10	0	0
Sikh	50	25	20	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	10	10	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,575	780	790	255	125	130	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	250	155	100
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,080	1,450	1,635	480	275	210	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	345	190	155
Non-movers	2,280	1,060	1,220	415	240	170	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	265	150	120
Movers	805	390	410	70	35	35	945,290	466,750	478,540	80	40	40
Non-migrants	555	285	270	55	25	25	543,670	268,740	274,925	40	20	20
Migrants	250	105	140	20	0	10	401,625	198,010	203,615	35	20	20
Internal migrants	150	70	80	10	0	10	349,095	170,740	178,355	30	20	15
Intraprovincial migrants	80	40	40	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	70	25	40	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	20	20	0
External migrants	95	35	65	10	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,965	1,380	1,585	475	265	210	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	325	175	150
Non-movers	515	205	310	220	115	100	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	115	70	45
Movers	2,450	1,180	1,265	260	150	110	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	210	105	105
Non-migrants	1,235	615	630	145	85	60	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	110	65	45
Migrants	1,205	570	640	110	60	50	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	100	40	65
Internal migrants	515	275	245	70	35	35	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	40	10	35
Intraprovincial migrants	355	200	155	70	35	35	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	25	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	160	75	85	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	15	0	0
External migrants	695	300	395	50	30	15	320,090	166,115	153,975	65	30	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	450	250	195	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	315	170	145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	235	95	130	60	40	15	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,545	1,190	1,355	390	210	185	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	310	165	140
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,930	915	1,015	350	200	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	250	150	95
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	25	10	30	25	0	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895	885	1,005	320	175	145	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	240	145	95
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,775	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	320	175	145
No certificate, diploma or degree	200	80	120	55	35	15	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	395	195	195	85	55	35	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	45	25	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,185	1,015	1,170	310	160	155	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	265	140	120
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	830	345	485	145	80	65	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	75	35	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	100	135	35	30	10	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	50	70	35	30	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	110	50	65	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	435	185	245	80	30	50	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	55	30	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	105	20	15	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,355	670	685	175	80	90	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	190	105	85
Bachelor's degree	820	425	395	100	50	55	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	50	0	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	375	165	210	60	30	30	360,795	174,150	186,645	85	50	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	25	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,935	910	1,020	350	200	145	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	245	150	95
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	35	20	0	525,155	303,815	221,345	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	165	85	80	55	40	15	752,855	388,160	364,700	30	25	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,745	810	935	265	135	125	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	215	125	95
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	225	325	95	60	40	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	45	25	15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	45	70	25	20	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	30	45	25	20	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	20	25	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	290	135	160	50	25	25	838,140	372,455	465,685	30	20	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	50	95	25	20	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	15	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	585	610	165	80	90	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	175	95	80
Bachelor's degree	690	345	345	105	45	55	802,755	343,100	459,650	70	25	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	55	40	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	365	160	200	55	30	25	302,065	140,530	161,530	80	55	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	15	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,780	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	320	175	145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	590	275	320	135	90	45	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	55	30	25
Education	35	15	20	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
13. Education	35	15	20	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	45	80	60	35	15	166,900	75,420	91,480	25	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	30	75	50	35	15	143,365	58,875	84,490	25	20	10
Humanities	130	45	90	30	20	10	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	15	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	25	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	30	10	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	10	15	15	15	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	100	110	60	15	45	430,845	142,280	288,570	35	0	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	20	0	20	57,080	19,060	38,020	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	15	0	15	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	20	15	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	70	40	30	20	10	15	134,510	67,065	67,440	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	625	235	390	45	15	25	950,820	357,290	593,535	65	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	20	0	15	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	235	390	25	10	15	894,690	344,770	549,925	60	25	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	80	20	0	20	158,655	83,605	75,050	20	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	10	0	10	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	10	0	10	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	135	75	10	10	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	130	65	10	0	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	400	290	110	45	30	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	50	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	240	175	70	20	20	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	40	25	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	35	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	195	35	165	20	15	10	515,215	101,455	413,760	20	20	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	25	155	15	15	10	470,150	78,875	391,275	10	10	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	40	30	10	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	25	25	10	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	15	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,935	915	1,020	350	205	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	245	150	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	100	85	85	65	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	30	25	0
Education	25	10	15	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	25	10	15	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	65	45	30	15	129,065	58,170	70,895	25	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	55	40	25	15	110,860	45,555	65,305	25	20	10
Humanities	95	25	75	20	20	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	15	15	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	70	95	50	15	30	334,475	103,635	230,840	25	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	20	0	15	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	20	25	20	10	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	515	215	300	45	20	25	741,390	268,705	472,685	60	25	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	20	0	15	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	515	215	300	30	10	15	697,775	259,725	438,045	60	25	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	55	80	15	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	20	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	20	45	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	115	65	15	10	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	110	50	10	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	215	100	35	25	10	665,365	588,950	76,415	45	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	220	155	65	25	20	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	35	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	145	30	120	20	10	10	387,725	74,730	312,995	15	15	0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	135	20	110	15	10	10	352,905	58,735	294,170	10	10	0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	25	15	10	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	10	10	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,935	915	1,020	350	205	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	245	150	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	100	85	85	65	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	30	25	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,740	810	930	265	140	130	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	215	120	95
Location of study inside Canada	975	480	500	220	120	100	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	130	75	55
Same as province or territory of residence	895	445	445	220	120	100	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	120	75	45
Different than province or territory of residence	80	30	55	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	765	335	435	45	20	25	414,490	209,160	205,330	85	50	40
Americas	110	50	60	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	20	10	10
United States of America	25	10	10	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	40	20	25	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	190	100	90	25	10	20	138,260	74,045	64,210	55	30	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	90	50	40	20	10	15	77,225	43,085	34,135	50	30	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	445	165	275	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	55	25	40	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	255	85	165	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	55	25	30	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,775	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	320	175	145
In the labour force	1,805	915	885	340	170	170	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	245	135	105
Employed	1,635	835	805	290	155	140	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	215	120	100
Unemployed	165	80	85	50	20	30	335,015	176,245	158,775	30	15	10
Not in the labour force	980	375	600	110	80	35	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	75	35	40
Participation rate	65.0	70.9	59.4	75.6	68.0	85.0	64.1	67.4	60.9	76.6	77.1	72.4
Employment rate	58.9	64.7	54.0	64.4	62.0	70.0	59.3	62.3	56.3	67.2	68.6	69.0
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.7	9.6	14.7	11.8	17.6	7.6	7.7	7.4	12.2	11.1	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	450	250	200	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	320	175	145
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,035	360	670	115	70	45	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	75	30	45
Worked	1,745	930	820	335	180	155	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	245	145	105
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	895	460	430	175	85	90	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	105	65	35
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	850	465	390	155	95	60	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	140	75	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.4	40.3	43.2	40.8	46.0	41.3	41.7	40.8	39.8	40.8	38.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,800	915	885	340	170	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	245	140	110
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	330	165	160	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	230	130	105
Employee	1,485	730	755	290	145	145	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	190	105	85
Permanent position	1,225	620	610	215	110	105	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	175	100	80
Temporary position	260	110	150	75	35	40	623,510	296,655	326,850	15	0	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	40	95	55	30	30	217,905	94,210	123,700	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	65	55	20	0	10	405,605	202,450	203,155	0	0	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	260	165	90	40	25	15	530,720	324,555	206,165	45	30	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,800	915	885	340	170	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	245	140	110
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	330	165	160	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	230	130	105
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	25	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430	180	245	50	20	25	778,905	256,150	522,760	30	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	285	175	110	45	30	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	50	35	15
3 Health occupations	115	20	95	20	10	10	359,665	70,075	289,590	15	15	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	70	45	10	30	558,725	166,020	392,700	30	15	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	45	55	55	30	25	146,560	72,400	74,165	45	25	25
6 Sales and service occupations	510	260	250	105	45	60	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	45	25	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	135	125	10	10	10	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	0	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	25	15	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,800	915	885	340	170	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	245	140	110
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	10	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	330	165	160	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	230	130	105
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	55	45	10	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	130	80	45	15	15	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	25	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	70	25	50	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	15	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	205	125	85	50	20	35	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	10	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	110	75	30	10	10	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	75	60	15	40	20	15	94,130	57,495	36,630	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	170	65	110	20	10	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	170	135	55	25	25	345,345	193,365	151,985	55	20	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	15	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	90	35	55	30	10	20	340,885	104,300	236,590	20	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	165	35	135	40	10	25	617,200	122,675	494,525	20	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	20	0	10	10	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	160	60	105	20	10	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	25	15	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	30	15	25	20	10	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	55	25	30	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	10	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,910	995	915	360	195	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	260	145	120
English	605	335	275	25	20	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	55	25	30
French	240	130	105	215	115	90	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	80	50	30
Non-official language	80	45	40	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	40	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	810	380	430	125	60	70	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	125	70	55
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	35	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	60	25	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,910	995	915	360	195	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	260	145	120
Single responses	1,615	860	755	335	185	145	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	240	130	110
Official languages	1,485	800	690	335	185	145	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	240	130	110
English	985	520	465	50	35	10	668,485	365,785	302,695	110	55	55
French	505	280	225	285	150	135	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	130	75	55
Non-official languages	130	65	65	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	65	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	110	55	55	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	130	165	30	15	20	269,365	142,370	126,995	25	20	10
English and French	255	120	135	30	15	20	249,945	132,640	117,300	25	20	10
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,910	995	915	360	195	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	260	145	120
None	1,200	625	570	265	150	115	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	150	85	65
English	270	145	125	75	30	40	720,960	391,075	329,885	50	25	25
French	325	140	190	25	15	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	60	30	30
Non-official language	40	30	10	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	30	10	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,640	835	800	290	155	135	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	215	120	100
Worked at home	710	370	340	115	50	60	897,770	435,285	462,480	95	55	40
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	110	90	15	25	25	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	0	0	0
Usual place of work	810	365	440	155	80	70	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	105	60	45
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	810	365	440	150	80	70	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	105	60	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	665	315	345	135	65	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	85	45	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	40	40	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	15	50	10	10	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	15	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	920	460	460	175	105	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	65	50
Car, truck or van	455	280	180	45	45	0	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	40	25	20
Car, truck or van - as a driver	420	275	150	45	45	0	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	40	25	20
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	35	0	30	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	370	130	240	85	40	45	287,345	120,460	166,885	40	25	20
Walked	65	40	30	40	15	20	178,645	78,570	100,075	20	15	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	15	10	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	20	15	10	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	920	460	460	175	105	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	65	50
Less than 15 minutes	145	90	55	40	15	25	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	15	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	290	170	120	65	40	20	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	40	35	10
30 to 44 minutes	315	125	190	65	35	25	635,870	363,430	272,445	50	15	35
45 to 59 minutes	85	40	40	0	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	80	35	50	10	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	920	460	460	175	105	80	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	65	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	10	10	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	45	50	30	25	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	10	0	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	180	95	85	35	20	10	935,640	441,465	494,170	20	10	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	220	95	125	35	20	20	626,895	259,220	367,675	50	35	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	260	135	125	40	15	25	330,930	142,495	188,435	15	10	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	135	70	70	30	15	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	10	0	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	395	200	195	55	35	20	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	45	25	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	65	70	10	5	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	10	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	135	125	45	30	20	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	35	20	15
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	230	125	105	35	20	20	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	30	15	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	55	50	5	5	0	230,080	118,075	112,005	10	0	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	45	0	5	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	5	0	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60	30	15	15	992,895	508,315	484,580	15	10	10

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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