Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663474More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661533More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,133	...	...	865	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,824	...	...	386	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,723	...	...	365	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31,205.2	...	...	23,441.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.10	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,135	1,460	1,670	865	450	415
0 to 14 years	350	175	175	135	70	70
0 to 4 years	160	75	85	40	25	15
5 to 9 years	120	65	60	35	20	15
10 to 14 years	75	45	35	60	25	35
15 to 64 years	2,345	1,140	1,205	570	300	270
15 to 19 years	95	50	45	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	290	150	145	65	35	30
25 to 29 years	425	205	220	65	30	35
30 to 34 years	430	220	210	75	45	35
35 to 39 years	360	150	205	80	40	35
40 to 44 years	220	130	85	65	40	25
45 to 49 years	180	75	105	50	30	25
50 to 54 years	140	65	80	40	25	15
55 to 59 years	105	45	55	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	115	55	55	45	15	30
65 years and over	435	140	295	160	80	75
65 to 69 years	115	45	70	40	25	20
70 to 74 years	135	35	100	40	25	15
75 to 79 years	100	30	65	25	15	10
80 to 84 years	50	20	35	25	10	15
85 years and over	35	15	20	30	15	10
85 to 89 years	30	10	15	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	10	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.2	12.0	10.5	15.6	15.6	16.9
15 to 64 years	74.8	78.1	72.2	65.9	66.7	65.1
65 years and over	13.9	9.6	17.7	18.5	17.8	18.1
85 years and over	1.1	1.0	1.2	3.5	3.3	2.4
Average age of the population	38.3	36.2	40.1	40.5	40.6	40.5
Median age of the population	34.8	33.6	36.0	37.6	38.0	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,720	...	...	365	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	240	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,720	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,720	...	...	365	...	...
1 person	785	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	610	...	...	95	...	...
3 persons	205	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,130	1,460	1,670	865	450	410
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,780	1,285	1,500	730	385	345
Married or living common-law	1,525	765	760	365	185	180
Married	1,165	575	595	330	170	160
Living common-law	360	190	170	30	15	15
Living common law - Never married	305	160	140	30	15	15
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25	0	0	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,255	520	740	365	200	170
Not married and not living common law - Never married	865	435	430	260	155	105
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	25	40	25	15	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	195	50	150	45	20	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	135	15	120	40	10	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	830	...	...	200	...	...
2 persons	545	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	835	...	...	200	...	...
Total couple families	720	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	540	...	...	145	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	295	...	...	60	...	...
Common-law couples	180	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	95	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,130	1,460	1,670	865	450	410
Total - Persons in census families	2,075	1,010	1,065	625	310	310
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,435	735	705	330	160	165
Parents in one-parent families	110	15	95	35	5	30
Children⁶	520	260	265	255	140	115
In a two-parent family	380	190	195	195	110	90
In a one-parent family	140	70	70	60	35	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	450	605	245	140	105
Living alone	785	305	485	140	75	70
Living with other relatives⁷	70	30	40	30	20	5
Living with non-relatives only	200	115	85	80	45	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,725	...	...	365	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	785	...	...	170	...	...
Couple-family households	685	...	...	135	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	435	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	790	...	...	140	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,780	1,280	1,500	730	380	345
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,190	1,420	690	365	325
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	29,600	25,200	26,000	24,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,615	1,195	1,420	690	365	325
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,000	28,200	24,200	24,800	23,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,340	1,095	1,245	540	285	250
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,800	33,600	19,400	14,300	16,400	12,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,835	930	900	435	240	195
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,800	17,800	20,800	14,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,165	920	1,245	630	325	305
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	6,080	9,200	12,200	11,500	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	100	130	80	45	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,280	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	825	390	430	270	155	120
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	8,500	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,775	1,290	1,485	750	400	350
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,210	1,420	705	375	325
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,400	39,000	30,200	31,400	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,630	1,210	1,420	705	375	325
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440	38,000	33,280	27,150	27,700	26,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,280	1,095	1,190	555	305	250
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,800	34,800	23,700	25,000	22,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,825	935	890	480	265	210
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,000	38,700	23,300	23,600	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,205	970	1,230	625	320	300
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,590	9,760	11,240	12,680	12,520	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	135	125	85	60	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	6,700	7,600	6,400	5,600	8,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	875	455	420	260	145	115
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,120	10,440	9,800	10,100	10,200	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,780	1,290	1,490	750	400	350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	865	450	420	105	60	45
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	60,400	52,800	39,600	34,800	41,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,800	73,200	60,000	40,000	40,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	785	420	370	285	150	135
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,700	11,800	16,200	12,400	12,000	12,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,880	22,600	23,100	19,400	20,000	18,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.2	74.8	62.4	65.0	59.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	76.4	62.4	52.8	54.0	51.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9	16.9	25.0	37.6	34.4	41.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	2.7	2.8	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.7	9.1	8.3	13.9	14.2	13.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.9	8.5	7.4	12.6	12.8	12.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,780	1,285	1,495	730	385	345
Without total income	165	85	75	40	20	20
With total income	2,615	1,195	1,420	690	365	325
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395	160	240	90	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	330	135	195	145	70	75
$20,000 to $29,999	485	195	290	185	100	85
$30,000 to $39,999	315	140	175	115	55	60
$40,000 to $49,999	290	130	165	60	40	25
$50,000 to $59,999	210	100	110	40	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	175	85	90	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	120	65	55	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	85	40	40	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	150	105	45	10	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	115	75	40	10	5	0
$150,000 and over	35	30	5	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,780	1,285	1,495	730	385	345
Without after-tax income	165	90	75	40	20	20
With after-tax income	2,615	1,195	1,420	690	365	325
Under $10,000 (including loss)	405	165	245	90	50	45
$10,000 to $19,999	335	140	195	145	70	75
$20,000 to $29,999	535	225	315	210	120	90
$30,000 to $39,999	400	170	235	115	55	60
$40,000 to $49,999	345	170	180	60	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	235	115	120	35	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	145	85	65	20	15	0
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	30	5	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	55	35	25	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	50	40	15	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	20	20	5	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,780	1,285	1,495	730	385	345
Without employment income	945	350	595	290	145	145
With employment income	1,830	930	905	440	240	200
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305	135	170	80	40	40
$5,000 to $9,999	195	95	100	65	35	30
$10,000 to $19,999	235	120	120	95	45	50
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	70	50	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	145	70	75	45	25	20
$40,000 to $49,999	185	85	105	40	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	150	85	65	20	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	135	70	65	10	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	90	55	35	10	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	70	35	30	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	125	90	35	5	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	65	40	20	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,780	1,280	1,500	730	380	345
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345	660	355	310
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	32,400	26,800	21,400	21,400	21,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,505	1,165	1,345	660	355	310
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	30,800	25,400	21,200	21,200	21,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,260	1,080	1,180	510	275	235
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	32,000	22,800	17,000	20,400	16,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,765	900	865	405	230	180
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,600	22,200	22,000	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,945	835	1,115	585	305	280
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,570	1,400	2,220	5,320	4,200	7,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	115	55	60	45	25	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,160	7,650	6,000	8,800	5,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,775	1,290	1,485	750	400	350
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350	700	380	315
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,800	35,160	26,250	27,700	24,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,535	1,190	1,350	700	380	315
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,840	35,700	30,280	23,560	24,200	22,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,090	1,165	550	300	255
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,840	44,400	33,700	24,300	27,400	20,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,775	920	850	440	250	190
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	47,800	37,600	25,700	27,400	23,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,965	870	1,090	625	325	295
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,045	4,210	7,500	7,920	7,160	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120	65	55	35	15	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,600	12,000	8,000	10,000	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	750	400	350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	840	445	405	100	60	45
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,200	46,000	41,200	41,200	39,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,400	69,600	52,400	43,000	44,000	42,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	720	405	315	240	125	115
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	21,600	25,400	13,200	14,800	11,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,450	29,100	30,000	21,000	22,800	18,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	92.8	82.8	73.0	78.0	67.0
Employment income (%)	76.6	84.8	67.6	62.0	65.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)	11.9	7.0	17.3	26.8	22.4	33.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.6	1.6	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,720	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	790	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	28,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...	25,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	935	...	...	225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,740	...	...	355	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,100	...	...	59,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,650	...	...	53,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,100	...	...	41,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,600	...	...	35,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,720	...	...	365	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	145	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	330	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	55	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,720	...	...	365	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	845	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	40,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	47,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	985	420	570	215	120	100
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	31,800	31,000	25,200	26,000	24,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,600	29,200	24,600	25,200	24,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	840	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	45,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040	445	595	205	115	90
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,700	34,400	40,200	31,800	33,500	29,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,850	29,200	33,800	27,800	28,400	26,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,135	1,460	1,670	865	450	415
0 to 17 years	390	200	190	150	75	75
0 to 5 years	180	85	105	50	30	25
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,185	555	290	260
65 years and over	435	145	290	160	80	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	955	435	525	265	130	135
0 to 17 years	130	65	70	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	50	15	35	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	675	330	350	170	85	85
65 years and over	150	40	110	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.6	29.7	31.3	30.8	28.8	33.0
0 to 17 years (%)	33.5	33.0	35.0	29.0	28.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	20.0	32.0	28.0	30.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	29.3	29.3	29.2	30.4	28.8	32.0
65 years and over (%)	34.5	28.0	37.5	35.0	28.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
0 to 17 years	390	195	195	150	75	75
0 to 5 years	185	80	100	50	30	20
18 to 64 years	2,305	1,120	1,180	555	295	265
65 years and over	435	140	295	160	85	75
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	680	330	350	160	85	75
0 to 17 years	90	50	45	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	25	5	15	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	525	260	265	115	65	55
65 years and over	65	25	45	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	21.7	22.7	20.9	18.6	19.6	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.2	24.0	23.0	17.0	18.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	10.0	16.0	16.0	16.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	22.7	23.2	22.2	20.8	22.0	19.5
65 years and over (%)	14.8	17.0	14.0	13.0	12.0	14.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,135	1,460	1,670	865	450	415
In bottom half of the distribution	2,275	1,030	1,245	750	385	365
In bottom decile	845	400	445	235	120	110
In second decile	440	170	270	200	105	100
In third decile	350	160	195	165	80	85
In fourth decile	325	145	180	85	45	40
In fifth decile	315	150	165	65	35	35
In top half of the distribution	855	430	425	115	70	50
In sixth decile	225	110	110	50	25	20
In seventh decile	225	110	115	35	20	15
In eighth decile	170	95	70	15	10	5
In ninth decile	145	70	75	15	10	0
In top decile	100	45	50	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,130	...	...	865	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.402	...	...	0.278	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.524	...	...	0.510	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.357	...	...	0.249	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	8.1	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
English only	960	465	495	315	175	140
French only	325	120	210	65	30	35
English and French	1,635	785	850	375	190	185
Neither English nor French	205	90	110	110	55	50
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
English	1,415	685	725	455	240	210
French	915	400	515	175	90	90
English and French	605	280	325	130	65	65
Neither English nor French	200	90	110	110	55	50
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
Single responses	2,900	1,360	1,535	780	410	375
Official languages	985	450	530	210	110	95
English	325	165	160	115	60	60
French	655	285	370	90	50	40
Non-official languages	1,915	910	1,005	570	295	275
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,915	910	1,005	570	295	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	40	20	30	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	20	30	15	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	55	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	55	25	30
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	285	290	455	240	215
Albanian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	5	0	0
Russian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	145	70	70
Indo-Iranian languages	195	100	95	260	145	115
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	255	140	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	30	20	15
Gujarati	5	5	0	35	15	15
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	130	70	60
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	65	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	65	75	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	135	65	70	5	0	0
Dari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	120	130	35	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	5	0	5
Portuguese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	125	60	60	35	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	50	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,110	505	605	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,110	505	605	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	915	420	495	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	160	75	85	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	100	135	85	40	45
English and French	55	25	30	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	50	50	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	20	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
English	385	200	190	120	60	60
French	565	240	325	80	35	40
Non-official language	955	450	505	285	150	135
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	955	450	505	285	150	135
English and French	190	90	100	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	545	255	290	160	90	65
French and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	45	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	310	145	165	125	60	65
Multiple non-official languages	70	30	35	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	455	415
Single responses	2,875	1,340	1,530	755	400	360
Official languages	1,340	620	720	335	175	160
English	655	325	330	220	120	100
French	685	300	390	115	55	60
Non-official languages	1,535	725	810	425	225	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,535	720	815	425	225	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	50	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	215	235	355	190	165
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	55	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	55	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	5	0	0
Russian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	95	50	50
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	80	225	125	100
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	220	120	100
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	105	60	45
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	65	40	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	115	55	60	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	115	55	65	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	85	100	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	40	55	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages	910	420	490	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	775	365	415	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	255	120	140	110	50	55
English and French	60	30	35	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	105	45	55	45	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	20	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,130	1,460	1,675	865	450	410
None	2,085	980	1,105	555	285	270
English	385	180	210	70	40	30
French	145	65	75	45	20	20
Non-official language	220	90	135	105	55	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	220	90	135	105	55	45
English and French	110	50	60	35	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,115	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
Official languages	2,945	1,390	1,555	790	420	370
English	2,630	1,280	1,350	730	400	330
French	1,990	930	1,060	475	240	235
Non-official languages	2,265	1,085	1,175	755	400	355
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,265	1,085	1,175	755	400	355
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	20	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	45	20	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	45	15	30	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	25	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	120	70	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	120	70	50
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	785	400	385	575	310	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	70	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	160	80	70	10	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	140	75	65	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	125	60	60
Indo-Iranian languages	290	150	140	350	200	155
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	55	350	200	155
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	25	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hindi	90	45	45	155	80	80
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	135	75	60
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	135	70	60
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	160	180	80	50	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	35	15	15
Portuguese	95	40	50	0	0	0
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	170	90	80	50	30	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Korean	115	45	70	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	30	15	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,190	555	635	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,190	555	635	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,070	495	575	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	195	85	115	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,105	1,460	1,650	895	460	430
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,120	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,120	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
Owner	745	...	...	75	...	...
Renter	995	...	...	280	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
Condominium	1,585	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	150	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	765	...	...	135	...	...
2 bedrooms	785	...	...	140	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	65	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,575	...	...	250	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	55	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,685	...	...	315	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
Suitable	1,595	...	...	240	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...	175	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	120	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	520	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,140	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,710	...	...	310	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,080	...	...	210	...	...
Two-maintainer household	630	...	...	105	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	290	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	220	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	185	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,680	...	...	355	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	845	...	...	285	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,735	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	945	...	...	195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	780	...	...	50	...	...
Not suitable only	100	...	...	85	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	790	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,525	...	...	355	...	...
In core need	225	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	1,300	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	740	...	...	75	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.4	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.5	...	...	20.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,416	...	...	1,360	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	417,000	...	...	580,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	995	...	...	280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	55.0	...	...	21.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.4	...	...	14.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,410	...	...	755	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,356	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,115	1,460	1,650	895	465	435
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,105	1,460	1,645	895	465	435
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,115	1,460	1,650	895	465	430
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,785	855	930	580	315	270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	245	130	120	115	65	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,535	725	810	465	250	215
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,330	610	725	320	155	165
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,115	1,460	1,650	895	465	430
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,065	485	580	275	155	120
Immigrants⁸¹	1,345	635	705	435	200	235
Before 1980	60	20	40	100	45	50
1980 to 1990	85	55	30	30	10	20
1991 to 2000	175	105	75	70	30	40
2001 to 2010	295	135	160	120	65	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	720	320	405	120	50	70
2011 to 2015	305	150	160	80	30	45
2016 to 2021	420	175	245	40	20	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	710	335	370	185	105	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,345	635	705	435	200	235
Under 5 years	70	30	40	45	15	25
5 to 14 years	240	135	110	65	15	45
15 to 24 years	210	110	105	70	35	35
25 to 44 years	690	305	385	215	110	105
45 years and over	130	60	70	50	25	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,345	635	705	435	200	235
Americas	120	50	65	30	0	20
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	20	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	30	0	0	0
Europe	175	90	85	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	90	35	50
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	15	0	0	0
Portugal	20	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	75	45	35	50	25	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	20	30	15	15
Asia	965	450	515	235	125	115
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	125	60	60	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	570	255	315	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	20	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	75	35	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	15	15
India	40	20	25	50	30	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	30	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	80	50	30
Other places of birth in Asia	45	15	30	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	175	245	40	20	25
Americas	30	20	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	25	30	0	20
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	0	20
Africa	45	25	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	10	0	0	0
Asia	300	110	190	10	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	205	75	135	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,115	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,075	995	1,085	625	315	315
Second generation¹⁰¹	410	195	215	230	130	95
Third generation or more¹⁰²	630	280	355	40	25	20
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,285	620	670	335	155	180
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	840	420	425	85	30	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	430	220	205	40	10	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	200	215	50	20	30
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	345	155	190	105	35	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	40	50	135	80	60
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,285	620	670	335	155	180
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	20	100	75	30
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85	35	50	35	20	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	185	75	110	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	15	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	900	430	470	190	65	125
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,115	1,465	1,655	900	465	430
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,060	975	1,090	645	350	295
South Asian	165	85	75	465	260	210
Chinese	1,180	550	630	0	0	0
Black	130	55	75	75	30	45
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	75	55	25	25	20	10
Latin American	115	60	55	45	25	20
Southeast Asian	50	25	30	20	0	10
West Asian	165	80	85	0	0	0
Korean	115	45	70	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	25	15	15	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,050	490	560	255	120	135
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,115	1,460	1,655	895	465	430
Canadian	285	110	170	40	20	15
English	30	10	20	0	0	0
Irish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Scottish	55	15	40	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	240	115	130	20	0	20
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,015	495	520	0	0	0
Italian	120	55	60	0	0	0
Indian (India)	105	60	45	155	80	70
Ukrainian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	10	0	0
Québécois	60	20	40	20	10	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	45	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	85	55	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	15	30	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	100	55	45
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	25	15	10
Jewish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	130	65	65
Jamaican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	165	65	95	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	55	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindu	15	10	0	40	20	15
Mexican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	115	65	50
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	15	20	15	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	35	10	25	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	10	0	10	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,120	1,465	1,655	900	470	435
Buddhist	90	35	55	0	0	0
Christian	1,085	455	635	280	110	165
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	205	85	115	15	10	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	750	310	440	110	30	80
Christian Orthodox	70	40	35	130	65	65
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hindu	95	45	45	140	85	55
Jewish	45	25	15	0	0	0
Muslim	180	90	80	210	110	100
Sikh	50	25	20	135	75	60
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,575	780	790	140	90	50
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,080	1,450	1,635	880	460	420
Non-movers	2,280	1,060	1,220	795	400	390
Movers	805	390	410	85	55	25
Non-migrants	555	285	270	65	45	25
Migrants	250	105	140	15	10	10
Internal migrants	150	70	80	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	80	40	40	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	70	25	40	0	0	0
External migrants	95	35	65	10	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,965	1,380	1,585	855	440	410
Non-movers	515	205	310	480	250	235
Movers	2,450	1,180	1,265	370	190	180
Non-migrants	1,235	615	630	165	75	85
Migrants	1,205	570	640	210	115	95
Internal migrants	515	275	245	30	30	0
Intraprovincial migrants	355	200	155	20	15	0
Interprovincial migrants	160	75	85	15	15	0
External migrants	695	300	395	180	90	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	750	400	350
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	235	95	130	280	155	130
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,545	1,190	1,355	470	250	225
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,930	915	1,015	505	290	220
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	25	10	135	85	50
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895	885	1,005	370	205	170
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,775	1,290	1,490	750	400	350
No certificate, diploma or degree	200	80	120	275	155	115
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	395	195	195	175	100	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,185	1,015	1,170	305	150	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	830	345	485	125	65	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	100	135	35	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	50	70	35	20	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	110	50	65	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	435	185	245	90	45	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	105	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,355	670	685	170	85	85
Bachelor's degree	820	425	395	110	50	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	50	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	375	165	210	60	30	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,935	910	1,020	510	285	220
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	135	85	50
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	165	85	80	130	80	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,745	810	935	245	120	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	225	325	90	50	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	45	70	20	15	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	30	45	20	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	20	25	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	290	135	160	60	35	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	50	95	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	585	610	155	70	80
Bachelor's degree	690	345	345	90	35	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	55	40	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	365	160	200	60	35	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,780	1,290	1,490	755	400	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	590	275	320	450	250	195
Education	35	15	20	20	0	10
13. Education	35	15	20	20	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	45	80	30	20	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	30	75	30	20	15
Humanities	130	45	90	35	15	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	30	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	10	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	100	110	45	0	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	20	15	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	70	40	30	35	0	30
Business, management and public administration	625	235	390	45	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	235	390	40	15	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	85	80	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	135	75	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	130	65	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	400	290	110	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	240	175	70	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	40	25	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	35	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	195	35	165	35	15	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	180	25	155	35	15	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	70	40	30	20	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	25	25	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,935	915	1,020	505	285	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	190	100	85	265	165	95
Education	25	10	15	20	0	10
13. Education	25	10	15	20	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	65	30	20	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	55	30	20	15
Humanities	95	25	75	30	15	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	70	95	40	0	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	20	25	30	0	30
Business, management and public administration	515	215	300	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	515	215	300	25	10	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	55	80	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	20	45	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	115	65	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	110	50	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	215	100	20	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	220	155	65	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	145	30	120	30	10	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	135	20	110	30	10	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	25	15	15	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	10	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,935	915	1,020	505	285	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	100	85	265	165	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,740	810	930	250	120	125
Location of study inside Canada	975	480	500	130	70	65
Same as province or territory of residence	895	445	445	120	60	60
Different than province or territory of residence	80	30	55	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	765	335	435	115	55	65
Americas	110	50	60	15	15	0
United States of America	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	40	20	25	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	190	100	90	30	10	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	90	50	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	10	15	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	445	165	275	55	20	35
Iran⁸⁸	55	25	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	255	85	165	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	55	25	30	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,775	1,290	1,490	750	400	350
In the labour force	1,805	915	885	465	275	190
Employed	1,635	835	805	400	230	165
Unemployed	165	80	85	65	40	25
Not in the labour force	980	375	600	285	130	160
Participation rate	65.0	70.9	59.4	62.0	68.8	54.3
Employment rate	58.9	64.7	54.0	53.3	57.5	47.1
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.7	9.6	14.0	14.5	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,780	1,290	1,490	755	400	350
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,035	360	670	335	180	160
Worked	1,745	930	820	415	225	190
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	895	460	430	105	60	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	850	465	390	305	165	145
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.4	40.3	33.4	32.2	34.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,800	915	885	460	275	190
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	20	15	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	445	260	185
Employee	1,485	730	755	415	245	170
Permanent position	1,225	620	610	300	175	125
Temporary position	260	110	150	110	65	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	40	95	10	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	65	55	100	60	35
Self-employed¹⁹²	260	165	90	30	20	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,800	915	885	460	275	190
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	20	15	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	445	260	185
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	25	0	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430	180	245	45	20	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	285	175	110	25	25	0
3 Health occupations	115	20	95	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	70	30	0	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	45	55	30	20	10
6 Sales and service occupations	510	260	250	190	115	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	135	125	10	45	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	25	15	60	30	35
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,800	915	885	460	275	190
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	40	20	15	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,745	895	850	445	260	185
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	55	45	10	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	130	80	45	55	35	20
41 Wholesale trade	70	25	50	20	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	205	125	85	40	15	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	110	75	30	25	20	10
51 Information and cultural industries	75	60	15	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	170	65	110	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	170	135	35	25	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	15	35	10	30
61 Educational services	90	35	55	35	20	15
62 Health care and social assistance	165	35	135	30	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	20	0	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	160	60	105	110	75	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	30	15	25	15	10
91 Public administration	55	25	30	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,910	995	915	495	280	210
English	605	335	275	170	95	70
French	240	130	105	65	40	25
Non-official language	80	45	40	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	40	20	10	10
English and French	810	380	430	170	95	70
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	35	35	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	60	25	30	10	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,910	995	915	495	280	210
Single responses	1,615	860	755	440	255	190
Official languages	1,485	800	690	405	230	170
English	985	520	465	250	145	100
French	505	280	225	160	90	65
Non-official languages	130	65	65	35	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	65	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	35	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	130	165	55	25	25
English and French	255	120	135	40	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,910	995	915	495	280	210
None	1,200	625	570	305	175	130
English	270	145	125	90	55	35
French	325	140	190	45	25	20
Non-official language	40	30	10	20	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	30	10	20	10	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,640	835	800	400	230	170
Worked at home	710	370	340	50	20	35
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	110	90	15	45	15	30
Usual place of work	810	365	440	305	200	105
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	810	365	440	305	200	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	665	315	345	255	180	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	40	40	25	10	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	15	50	25	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	920	460	460	345	215	130
Car, truck or van	455	280	180	160	115	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	420	275	150	130	100	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	35	0	30	30	0	25
Public transit	370	130	240	125	65	60
Walked	65	40	30	45	25	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other method	20	15	10	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	920	460	460	345	215	130
Less than 15 minutes	145	90	55	40	15	20
15 to 29 minutes	290	170	120	150	105	55
30 to 44 minutes	315	125	190	90	65	25
45 to 59 minutes	85	40	40	35	25	15
60 minutes and over	80	35	50	40	15	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	920	460	460	345	215	130
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	45	50	70	40	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	180	95	85	50	25	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	220	95	125	35	10	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	260	135	125	100	65	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	135	70	70	75	55	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	395	200	195	150	80	80
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	65	70	60	20	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	135	125	100	50	45
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	230	125	105	110	50	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	55	50	40	15	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	45	40	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	5	0	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	60	65	35	30

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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