Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663467More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,211	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,022	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	986	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	42,519.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,210	1,105	1,105
0 to 14 years	505	270	235
0 to 4 years	185	95	85
5 to 9 years	180	90	85
10 to 14 years	145	80	65
15 to 64 years	1,585	790	800
15 to 19 years	110	65	45
20 to 24 years	115	65	55
25 to 29 years	190	80	110
30 to 34 years	255	110	145
35 to 39 years	240	120	115
40 to 44 years	205	110	95
45 to 49 years	165	85	85
50 to 54 years	140	65	75
55 to 59 years	90	45	40
60 to 64 years	70	40	30
65 years and over	120	50	70
65 to 69 years	50	20	25
70 to 74 years	40	15	20
75 to 79 years	20	15	10
80 to 84 years	10	0	5
85 years and over	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.9	24.4	21.3
15 to 64 years	71.7	71.5	72.4
65 years and over	5.4	4.5	6.3
85 years and over	0.2	0.0	0.5
Average age of the population	33.0	32.3	33.7
Median age of the population	33.6	33.2	33.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	985	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	960	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	985	...	...
1 person	425	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...
3 persons	130	...	...
4 persons	115	...	...
5 or more persons	80	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,210	1,105	1,100
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,705	835	870
Married or living common-law	885	440	445
Married	760	380	385
Living common-law	125	60	60
Living common law - Never married	105	55	55
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	820	395	425
Not married and not living common law - Never married	595	325	265
Not married and not living common law - Separated	35	10	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	135	50	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	5	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	555	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...
3 persons	130	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	550	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...
Married couples	370	...	...
With children⁶	260	...	...
Without children	105	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...
Without children	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	125	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	105	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,205	1,105	1,105
Total - Persons in census families	1,725	850	870
Married spouses or common-law partners	860	425	430
Parents in one-parent families	125	15	110
Children⁶	740	405	330
In a two-parent family	555	310	240
In a one-parent family	185	100	85
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	485	250	235
Living alone	430	225	205
Living with other relatives⁷	40	15	30
Living with non-relatives only	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	985	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	515	...	...
Couple-family households	405	...	...
With children⁶	255	...	...
Without children	145	...	...
One-parent-family households	115	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...
One-person households	425	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,705	835	870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,610	785	830
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	42,400	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,610	785	830
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	37,600	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,385	705	685
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,600	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,265	660	605
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,365	635	730
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	6,000	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	205	90	110
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,520	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	610	300	310
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,650	805	845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,565	765	805
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	45,600	40,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,565	765	805
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	38,200	35,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,310	675	640
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,040	43,600	34,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,185	625	560
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,400	36,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,370	640	725
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,590	8,380	14,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	60	95
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	8,800	6,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	610	310	300
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,300	9,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,650	810	840
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	625	350	270
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	59,600	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	59,800	53,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	420	230	185
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,100	11,500	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	23,200	20,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.4	84.4	67.5
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.4	80.0	63.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.7	15.6	32.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.7	8.9	10.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.7	8.2	9.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,705	835	870
Without total income	95	50	40
With total income	1,615	785	825
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	80	75
$10,000 to $19,999	180	75	100
$20,000 to $29,999	270	120	150
$30,000 to $39,999	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	185	85	105
$50,000 to $59,999	180	75	105
$60,000 to $69,999	140	70	65
$70,000 to $79,999	100	55	40
$80,000 to $89,999	70	45	25
$90,000 to $99,999	40	25	15
$100,000 and over	85	60	20
$100,000 to $149,999	80	55	20
$150,000 and over	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,705	835	870
Without after-tax income	95	50	40
With after-tax income	1,615	785	825
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	80	75
$10,000 to $19,999	190	80	105
$20,000 to $29,999	310	135	170
$30,000 to $39,999	255	115	145
$40,000 to $49,999	255	115	135
$50,000 to $59,999	195	95	105
$60,000 to $69,999	120	70	50
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	25
$80,000 to $89,999	30	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	20	10	10
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,705	835	870
Without employment income	440	175	270
With employment income	1,260	660	605
Under $5,000 (including loss)	160	85	75
$5,000 to $9,999	125	45	80
$10,000 to $19,999	130	60	75
$20,000 to $29,999	125	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	120	65	60
$40,000 to $49,999	125	60	65
$50,000 to $59,999	135	70	70
$60,000 to $69,999	90	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	75	50	25
$80,000 to $89,999	60	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	15
$100,000 and over	75	55	20
$100,000 to $124,999	55	40	10
$125,000 and over	25	15	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,705	835	870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,565	765	800
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,600	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,565	765	800
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,355	690	665
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	41,600	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,230	645	580
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,400	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,235	550	685
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,600	1,680	6,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	135	70	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,200	6,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,650	805	845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,525	735	790
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	41,300	35,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,525	735	790
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,120	34,800	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,295	655	640
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	43,100	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,180	610	565
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	43,800	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,265	560	705
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,080	3,600	9,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	95	45	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,300	6,400	6,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,650	810	840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	610	350	265
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	54,400	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,000	54,400	48,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	395	210	185
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	18,600	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	29,600	24,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	93.2	75.2
Employment income (%)	80.0	88.0	70.5
Government transfers (%)	15.3	6.7	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.0	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	985	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	425	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	955	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	985	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	985	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	555	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	145	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	275	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	445	235	210
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	52,000	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	42,800	39,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	540	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	245	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	430	245	185
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,600	51,200	40,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,000	42,400	34,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,210	1,105	1,100
0 to 17 years	570	315	260
0 to 5 years	225	120	110
18 to 64 years	1,515	740	775
65 years and over	120	50	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	405	205	200
0 to 17 years	110	70	45
0 to 5 years	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	250	110	130
65 years and over	50	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.5	18.6	18.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.6	23.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	20.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.4	15.4	17.2
65 years and over (%)	40.0	44.0	38.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,205	1,105	1,105
0 to 17 years	575	315	260
0 to 5 years	225	115	105
18 to 64 years	1,510	740	770
65 years and over	120	50	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	275	135	140
0 to 17 years	75	45	30
0 to 5 years	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	170	75	90
65 years and over	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.5	12.4	12.6
0 to 17 years (%)	13.6	14.8	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.4	11.8
65 years and over (%)	24.0	24.0	24.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,210	1,105	1,100
In bottom half of the distribution	1,600	795	810
In bottom decile	370	185	185
In second decile	270	140	130
In third decile	325	160	170
In fourth decile	310	150	155
In fifth decile	320	160	160
In top half of the distribution	605	305	295
In sixth decile	215	105	115
In seventh decile	150	80	70
In eighth decile	110	60	55
In ninth decile	95	55	45
In top decile	35	20	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,205	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,210	1,105	1,105
English only	340	180	160
French only	555	250	305
English and French	1,230	635	590
Neither English nor French	90	40	55
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,210	1,105	1,105
English	605	315	295
French	1,100	540	560
English and French	415	210	205
Neither English nor French	90	40	50
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,210	1,105	1,105
Single responses	1,930	965	970
Official languages	685	360	325
English	160	70	85
French	525	285	240
Non-official languages	1,250	610	645
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,250	610	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	480	240	235
Berber languages	15	10	10
Kabyle	15	5	5
Tamazight	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	455	230	225
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	455	225	225
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	15
Vietnamese	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	10	5	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	545	275	270
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	50	30	20
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	185	100	85
Indo-Aryan languages	125	70	55
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	55	30	25
Dari	20	10	15
Iranian Persian	25	15	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	110	125
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10
Portuguese	25	10	10
Romanian	55	30	30
Spanish	135	65	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	10
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30
Chinese languages	50	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	140	140
English and French	45	25	25
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	35
French and non-official language(s)	110	50	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,210	1,105	1,105
English	170	85	85
French	435	235	205
Non-official language	465	210	255
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	465	210	255
English and French	135	75	65
English and non-official language(s)	205	110	95
French and non-official language(s)	405	190	215
English, French and non-official language(s)	365	190	175
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,210	1,105	1,105
Single responses	1,805	895	905
Official languages	965	500	465
English	295	140	155
French	675	360	315
Non-official languages	835	395	445
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	835	395	445
Afro-Asiatic languages	300	140	160
Berber languages	10	5	5
Kabyle	10	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	285	135	155
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	285	135	150
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	15
Vietnamese	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	395	200	195
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	45	30	15
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	140	75	70
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	15	15
Dari	10	5	10
Iranian Persian	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	75	85
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	15	10	10
Romanian	35	20	15
Spanish	105	50	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	5	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25
Chinese languages	40	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	410	210	195
English and French	90	50	35
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40
French and non-official language(s)	160	75	85
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	35	40
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,210	1,105	1,105
None	1,350	665	690
English	175	95	80
French	200	85	115
Non-official language	235	125	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	235	125	110
English and French	80	40	40
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	30
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,160	1,055	1,105
Official languages	2,025	990	1,040
English	1,510	770	735
French	1,740	845	890
Non-official languages	1,735	825	910
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,725	825	905
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	300	315
Berber languages	35	25	10
Kabyle	35	25	10
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	585	275	315
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	585	275	315
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	20
Vietnamese	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25
Haitian Creole	35	10	25
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10
Tamil	45	15	25
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	860	420	440
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	25
Balto-Slavic languages	130	65	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	65	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	125	65	65
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0
German	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	70	25	40
Indo-Iranian languages	255	120	140
Indo-Aryan languages	200	90	110
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	50	15	30
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	35	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	115	50	65
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	35	25
Dari	45	20	20
Iranian Persian	20	10	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	425	215	210
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	80	30	45
Portuguese	30	20	10
Romanian	120	65	55
Spanish	240	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	45	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10
Lingala	35	15	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	10
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	45	10	35
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30
Chinese languages	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	15	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,155	1,055	1,105
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,150	1,055	1,095
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,155	1,055	1,105
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,155	1,055	1,105
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	960	...	...
Owner	480	...	...
Renter	475	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	960	...	...
Condominium	735	...	...
Not condominium	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	960	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	415	...	...
2 bedrooms	360	...	...
3 bedrooms	145	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	960	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	770	...	...
5 rooms	135	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	960	...	...
One person or fewer per room	875	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	960	...	...
Suitable	780	...	...
Not suitable	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	960	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	195	...	...
2011 to 2015	340	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	960	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	950	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	960	...	...
One-maintainer household	655	...	...
Two-maintainer household	265	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	960	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	240	...	...
45 to 54 years	240	...	...
55 to 64 years	110	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	960	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	700	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	250	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	960	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	420	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	240	...	...
Not suitable only	160	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	535	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	920	...	...
In core need	95	...	...
Not in core need	825	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	90.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,390	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,435	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	297,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	475	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	29.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	976	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,155	1,055	1,100
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	0	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,130	1,055	1,080
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,155	1,055	1,100
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,670	815	845
Canadian citizens aged under 18	485	225	260
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,175	590	585
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	490	235	255
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,155	1,055	1,100
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	800	385	420
Immigrants⁸¹	1,315	655	665
Before 1980	50	15	30
1980 to 1990	50	35	20
1991 to 2000	190	100	100
2001 to 2010	480	235	245
2011 to 2021⁸²	540	270	265
2011 to 2015	215	105	115
2016 to 2021	320	170	155
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,315	655	660
Under 5 years	155	85	70
5 to 14 years	195	115	80
15 to 24 years	175	105	70
25 to 44 years	690	330	360
45 years and over	100	25	75
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,315	655	660
Americas	200	100	100
Brazil	20	10	10
Colombia	65	35	25
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	25	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15
Europe	180	80	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	15	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	50	25	20
Russian Federation	20	0	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	35
Africa	355	170	185
Algeria	35	20	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	25	25
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	125	50	75
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	135	65	65
Asia	585	310	275
Afghanistan	35	25	0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	25	35
Syria⁸⁹	170	90	75
Turkey	20	0	15
China⁹⁰	40	15	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	55	30	25
Pakistan	45	25	25
Sri Lanka	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	115	60	55
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	325	170	155
Americas	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	55	20	35
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0
Asia	235	140	95
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	10	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	125	75	45
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,160	1,055	1,105
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,390	685	705
Second generation¹⁰¹	585	260	325
Third generation or more¹⁰²	180	110	70
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,270	640	630
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	545	280	260
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	285	150	135
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	260	130	130
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	305	130	175
Refugees¹⁰⁸	400	215	180
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	10	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,270	640	630
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	70	80
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	10	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	25	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,025	525	505
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,155	1,055	1,105
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,455	710	745
South Asian	265	115	150
Chinese	55	25	30
Black	285	135	150
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	510	250	265
Latin American	195	105	85
Southeast Asian	50	20	30
West Asian	75	45	30
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	10	10	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	705	345	360
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,160	1,055	1,100
Canadian	75	45	35
English	0	0	0
Irish	25	15	10
Scottish	10	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	75	35	40
German	0	0	0
Chinese	45	15	25
Italian	65	30	35
Indian (India)	50	20	25
Ukrainian	20	15	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	20	20	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	30
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	25	10
American	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	10	0	0
Pakistani	85	25	60
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	15
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	35	10
Vietnamese	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	170	80	95
Greek	80	25	60
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	30
Lebanese	95	40	50
Iranian	20	10	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	50	25	25
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	55	20	40
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	10	25
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	80	45	30
Egyptian	25	15	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	25	25
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	50	30	20
Moroccan	110	40	75
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	230	125	105
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	35	20	20
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	60	35	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	65	40	30
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	70	40	30
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	20	0	15
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	30	0	20
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	35	15	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	15
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	15
Berber	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	40	15	25
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	30	10	20
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	25	20	10
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,155	1,055	1,105
Buddhist	40	20	20
Christian	850	390	465
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	180	80	100
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	355	175	185
Christian Orthodox	225	95	130
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	30	30
Hindu	90	35	60
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	765	375	390
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	375	210	160
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,110	1,035	1,075
Non-movers	1,870	885	985
Movers	240	155	90
Non-migrants	155	85	70
Migrants	85	65	20
Internal migrants	55	40	10
Intraprovincial migrants	45	35	10
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0
External migrants	30	20	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,995	980	1,015
Non-movers	830	370	465
Movers	1,165	615	555
Non-migrants	690	355	335
Migrants	475	260	220
Internal migrants	205	125	80
Intraprovincial migrants	160	90	65
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	15
External migrants	270	140	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,650	810	840
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	245	115	135
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,405	695	710
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,270	650	625
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	145	75	70
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,125	570	555
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,650	805	840
No certificate, diploma or degree	210	95	115
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	305	160	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,130	555	575
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	570	285	285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	120	60	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	95	50	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	0	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	350	185	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	40	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	560	270	290
Bachelor's degree	300	155	150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	50	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10
Master's degree	115	50	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,270	645	620
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	60	55
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	175	95	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	985	495	485
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	485	240	240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	110	55	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	95	50	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	0	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	275	150	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	40	55
Bachelor's degree or higher	495	250	245
Bachelor's degree	260	145	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0
Master's degree	110	45	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,650	810	840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	520	255	265
Education	75	25	50
13. Education	75	25	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	15
Humanities	100	25	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	30	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	320	175	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	315	175	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	75	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	60	35
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	165	140	25
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15
14. Engineering	85	70	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	130	20	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	125	15	105
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,270	650	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	285	150	135
Education	80	25	55
13. Education	80	25	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	15
Humanities	65	15	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	30	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	265	145	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	260	145	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	55	35
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	140	20
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	15
14. Engineering	80	70	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	120	15	105
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	115	15	100
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	20	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,270	650	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	150	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	985	495	490
Location of study inside Canada	520	260	255
Same as province or territory of residence	485	230	250
Different than province or territory of residence	35	30	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	460	235	230
Americas	55	25	30
United States of America	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	15	10	10
Colombia	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	90	50	40
Belgium	0	0	0
France	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	0	10
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	115	65	55
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10
Morocco	55	30	25
Tunisia	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	15	15
Asia	195	95	105
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	20	10
Syria⁸⁹	75	30	45
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	20	0	15
Pakistan	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	35	25	15
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,650	805	840
In the labour force	1,165	635	535
Employed	1,015	540	480
Unemployed	155	95	60
Not in the labour force	485	175	305
Participation rate	70.6	78.9	63.7
Employment rate	61.5	67.1	57.1
Unemployment rate	13.3	15.0	11.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,650	810	840
Did not work¹⁸⁶	550	175	365
Worked	1,100	625	475
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	645	370	270
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	455	255	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	40.4	42.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,170	635	535
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,115	610	505
Employee	990	525	465
Permanent position	825	435	395
Temporary position	165	90	75
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	55	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	80	40	45
Self-employed¹⁹²	125	90	35
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,170	635	535
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,115	610	505
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	230	115	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	150	125	30
3 Health occupations	70	15	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	140	45	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	315	150	165
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	140	125	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,170	635	535
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	20	35
All industries¹⁹¹	1,115	610	505
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	15	10
31-33 Manufacturing	100	60	35
41 Wholesale trade	50	25	20
44-45 Retail trade	140	75	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	95	70	20
51 Information and cultural industries	25	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	55	25	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	75	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	60	35	25
61 Educational services	65	20	45
62 Health care and social assistance	150	40	110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	100	70	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	15	25
91 Public administration	75	35	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,200	665	535
English	215	135	75
French	380	160	215
Non-official language	20	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	0
English and French	530	310	215
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	35	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,200	665	535
Single responses	1,015	560	455
Official languages	995	550	450
English	375	235	145
French	625	315	305
Non-official languages	20	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	110	80
English and French	160	90	70
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,200	665	535
None	785	405	380
English	220	140	75
French	150	80	70
Non-official language	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,020	540	480
Worked at home	250	130	115
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	125	105	15
Usual place of work	645	300	345
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	645	300	345
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	510	245	270
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	35	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50	20	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	770	405	360
Car, truck or van	525	315	210
Car, truck or van - as a driver	480	295	180
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	50	20	35
Public transit	205	75	130
Walked	30	20	10
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	770	405	360
Less than 15 minutes	155	80	75
15 to 29 minutes	240	125	115
30 to 44 minutes	220	130	85
45 to 59 minutes	65	20	50
60 minutes and over	85	55	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	770	405	360
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	130	80	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	225	115	110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	100	30	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	60	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	120	80	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	580	320	265
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	45	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	490	270	215
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	385	210	170
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	45	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	35	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	170	140

Symbol legend

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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