Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663459More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662936More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,031	...	...	2,215	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,612	...	...	769	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,249	...	...	758	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6,687.5	...	...	404.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.30	...	...	5.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,030	1,035	990	2,215	1,090	1,125
0 to 14 years	150	60	80	535	285	250
0 to 4 years	70	40	30	170	85	80
5 to 9 years	45	10	35	190	115	75
10 to 14 years	30	15	20	175	90	90
15 to 64 years	1,755	910	850	1,520	735	785
15 to 19 years	105	50	55	125	65	60
20 to 24 years	530	250	280	110	55	55
25 to 29 years	345	190	150	120	50	70
30 to 34 years	260	135	125	160	75	85
35 to 39 years	160	95	65	170	75	95
40 to 44 years	115	70	45	210	105	110
45 to 49 years	65	30	35	190	95	90
50 to 54 years	55	30	30	180	85	95
55 to 59 years	65	30	30	140	70	75
60 to 64 years	60	25	35	115	65	45
65 years and over	125	70	60	155	70	90
65 to 69 years	45	25	20	55	25	25
70 to 74 years	30	15	15	50	25	30
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	25	10	15
80 to 84 years	20	5	5	15	5	10
85 years and over	10	10	5	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.4	5.8	8.1	24.2	26.1	22.2
15 to 64 years	86.5	87.9	85.9	68.6	67.4	69.8
65 years and over	6.2	6.8	6.1	7.0	6.4	8.0
85 years and over	0.5	1.0	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Average age of the population	32.7	33.0	32.4	35.1	34.2	35.8
Median age of the population	28.4	28.8	27.6	36.8	36.0	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,245	...	...	760	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	395	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	125	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,230	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,250	...	...	760	...	...
1 person	730	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	390	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	195	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,980	1,000	975	2,190	1,090	1,100
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,885	975	910	1,675	805	875
Married or living common-law	700	345	360	1,110	555	555
Married	465	225	245	725	365	365
Living common-law	240	125	110	385	195	190
Living common law - Never married	205	110	100	310	160	155
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	20	15	10	65	35	35
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	5	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,180	625	555	570	250	315
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,055	580	475	445	210	235
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	15	20	5	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	30	45	75	25	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	0	20	30	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	390	...	...	640	...	...
2 persons	275	...	...	235	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	155	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	200	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...	645	...	...
Total couple families	315	...	...	545	...	...
Married couples	195	...	...	355	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...	265	...	...
Without children	105	...	...	90	...	...
Common-law couples	115	...	...	190	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	105	...	...
Without children	110	...	...	85	...	...
Total one-parent families	80	...	...	95	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	65	...	...	85	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,980	1,000	975	2,190	1,090	1,100
Total - Persons in census families	960	450	510	2,010	995	1,020
Married spouses or common-law partners	620	315	305	1,095	550	545
Parents in one-parent families	80	15	65	95	15	85
Children⁶	255	125	135	815	430	390
In a two-parent family	160	85	75	675	355	320
In a one-parent family	100	40	60	140	75	65
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,015	550	470	180	95	85
Living alone	730	405	320	120	70	50
Living with other relatives⁷	70	40	35	45	15	30
Living with non-relatives only	215	110	110	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,250	...	...	760	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	385	...	...	585	...	...
Couple-family households	310	...	...	510	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...	350	...	...
Without children	210	...	...	160	...	...
One-parent-family households	80	...	...	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	730	...	...	120	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,830	940	890	1,655	800	855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,640	850	790	1,625	785	840
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	35,600	26,600	53,200	58,400	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,640	850	790	1,625	785	840
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,200	32,400	25,200	46,000	49,200	42,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,465	755	705	1,545	750	795
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	38,800	21,400	48,000	56,800	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,145	615	530	1,400	680	720
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	43,200	22,600	49,600	59,200	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,270	635	635	1,210	505	705
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,000	3,480	4,400	8,200	6,550	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	45	55	190	80	110
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	5,920	5,480	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	535	275	260	480	235	245
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,880	1,040	835	1,620	780	835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,675	955	725	1,595	760	835
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,050	59,900	53,300	65,600	74,800	57,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,675	955	725	1,595	760	835
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	43,800	41,100	51,550	57,300	46,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,455	815	640	1,500	720	780
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,650	64,400	53,600	61,150	73,000	50,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,175	690	485	1,355	675	680
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,500	66,000	52,400	62,850	72,600	53,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,255	700	560	1,160	475	690
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,980	6,520	7,560	10,880	9,040	12,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	60	45	170	80	100
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,800	6,200	9,700	7,200	11,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	530	310	220	410	180	230
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,320	7,950	8,900	9,280	8,900	9,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,880	1,045	840	1,620	785	835
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	495	300	195	785	440	350
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	90,000	64,000	70,500	77,000	59,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	103,200	114,000	86,000	86,400	97,600	72,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	515	295	225	460	195	270
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	22,200	12,700	21,000	24,400	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,700	28,600	26,600	32,800	25,800	37,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.8	92.0	89.2	88.0	92.4	82.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.4	80.0	66.0	81.2	86.0	75.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.2	8.0	10.9	12.1	7.6	17.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	1.6	1.0	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.6	5.4	4.1	3.0	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.4	5.0	3.6	2.8	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,835	940	895	1,650	805	850
Without total income	195	95	105	25	20	10
With total income	1,635	845	785	1,630	780	845
Under $10,000 (including loss)	370	170	200	110	40	65
$10,000 to $19,999	205	90	110	115	55	65
$20,000 to $29,999	265	130	130	175	80	100
$30,000 to $39,999	125	60	70	180	70	105
$40,000 to $49,999	100	45	50	165	65	95
$50,000 to $59,999	110	60	50	195	100	95
$60,000 to $69,999	80	40	45	150	70	80
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	25	110	60	55
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	30	105	55	45
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20	85	45	40
$100,000 and over	215	150	65	240	145	100
$100,000 to $149,999	110	80	30	160	85	80
$150,000 and over	100	75	30	80	60	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,835	940	895	1,650	805	850
Without after-tax income	195	95	105	25	20	10
With after-tax income	1,635	845	785	1,630	780	845
Under $10,000 (including loss)	380	175	200	110	45	65
$10,000 to $19,999	215	100	115	130	60	65
$20,000 to $29,999	260	125	135	215	90	125
$30,000 to $39,999	165	80	85	235	100	130
$40,000 to $49,999	145	70	70	230	105	120
$50,000 to $59,999	120	65	55	220	115	105
$60,000 to $69,999	80	50	35	155	85	65
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	25	120	55	65
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	10	55	25	35
$90,000 to $99,999	45	30	15	60	30	30
$100,000 and over	110	75	35	100	70	25
$100,000 to $124,999	45	30	15	45	40	10
$125,000 and over	65	45	20	50	35	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,835	940	895	1,650	805	850
Without employment income	690	325	365	250	115	130
With employment income	1,145	615	530	1,405	685	720
Under $5,000 (including loss)	230	95	135	115	55	65
$5,000 to $9,999	115	60	55	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	135	65	70	130	55	80
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	105	50	60
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	35	115	35	80
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	40	135	55	80
$50,000 to $59,999	70	45	25	135	65	70
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	35	105	65	40
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	15	105	60	45
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	80	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	15	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	175	125	50	205	120	80
$100,000 to $124,999	65	50	15	95	50	50
$125,000 and over	105	75	35	110	75	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,830	940	890	1,655	800	855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,535	795	745	1,575	755	815
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800	27,800	21,200	51,600	59,200	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,535	795	745	1,575	755	820
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,000	27,000	20,000	44,000	48,400	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,375	715	665	1,495	725	765
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	31,600	21,800	48,400	58,800	41,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,040	550	485	1,380	665	710
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	40,800	22,200	48,800	59,200	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,070	525	540	1,060	420	640
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,290	1,270	1,290	3,880	2,120	5,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	15	20	200	90	115
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	x	6,320	5,240	3,400	7,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,880	1,040	835	1,620	780	835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	860	690	1,545	740	805
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,650	52,000	51,200	62,000	73,600	51,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	860	690	1,545	740	805
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,040	38,300	37,700	48,400	55,300	42,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,370	750	625	1,445	695	755
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,850	57,600	53,600	60,500	75,200	47,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,090	620	470	1,340	645	690
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,900	59,800	46,200	59,400	73,200	46,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,100	585	515	1,060	410	650
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,360	2,860	3,940	7,800	5,400	9,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	15	180	85	95
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,000	...	20,000	9,800	4,100	15,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,880	1,045	840	1,620	785	835
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	465	275	195	780	430	350
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	80,000	44,800	67,000	79,500	54,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,000	96,000	67,500	80,000	94,400	62,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	440	235	205	430	175	255
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	25,000	15,000	26,200	26,000	26,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	39,600	28,200	32,800	32,400	33,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	96.4	94.0	91.4	96.0	85.6
Employment income (%)	73.2	83.0	61.6	83.0	87.2	77.2
Government transfers (%)	4.6	3.7	5.7	8.6	4.1	14.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	x	0.8	1.8	0.7	3.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,250	...	...	760	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	730	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	26,000	...	...	45,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	520	...	...	640	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,400	...	...	138,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	109,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	740	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,900	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,700	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,600	...	...	147,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	116,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,250	...	...	760	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	60	...	...	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	75	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,250	...	...	760	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 and over	70	...	...	145	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	420	...	...	635	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	950	515	435	135	80	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,200	26,200	21,800	53,200	54,800	49,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,400	25,200	21,400	43,200	45,200	40,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	435	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	148,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	230	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	177,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	950	575	370	160	95	60
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,300	39,000	55,200	82,000	88,000	72,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,600	31,400	39,600	60,000	64,000	54,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,980	1,000	975	2,190	1,090	1,100
0 to 17 years	155	65	90	610	320	285
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	205	110	100
18 to 64 years	1,700	870	835	1,445	700	745
65 years and over	125	70	60	135	65	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	850	410	440	80	40	35
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	20	15	5
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	755	360	390	40	20	25
65 years and over	30	20	10	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	42.9	41.0	44.8	3.6	3.7	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	42.0	44.0	40.0	3.2	4.5	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	32.0	36.0	5.0	x	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	44.4	41.6	47.4	3.0	2.4	3.4
65 years and over (%)	22.0	28.0	16.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,975	1,000	975	2,190	1,090	1,100
0 to 17 years	150	70	85	610	325	290
0 to 5 years	85	40	40	210	105	100
18 to 64 years	1,695	870	830	1,445	700	745
65 years and over	125	65	55	135	65	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	725	355	370	35	20	15
0 to 17 years	55	25	35	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	655	325	330	20	15	10
65 years and over	15	10	5	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	36.8	35.8	38.0	1.7	2.2	1.4
0 to 17 years (%)	39.0	38.0	40.0	2.0	3.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	32.0	36.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	38.5	37.0	40.0	1.6	1.8	1.4
65 years and over (%)	12.0	18.0	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,980	1,000	975	2,190	1,085	1,100
In bottom half of the distribution	1,355	665	690	720	355	365
In bottom decile	825	395	425	60	35	30
In second decile	175	80	95	100	50	50
In third decile	115	60	60	135	60	75
In fourth decile	145	80	65	180	90	85
In fifth decile	100	50	45	240	115	125
In top half of the distribution	625	335	285	1,465	730	735
In sixth decile	105	50	55	300	155	150
In seventh decile	100	50	50	270	125	135
In eighth decile	110	60	50	340	175	165
In ninth decile	120	75	45	300	150	150
In top decile	195	105	90	260	130	135
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,975	...	...	2,190	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.571	...	...	0.279	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.636	...	...	0.355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.516	...	...	0.236	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	102.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,120
English only	785	410	375	80	45	35
French only	95	45	50	680	325	355
English and French	1,115	565	550	1,445	720	725
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	15	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,120
English	1,140	570	570	625	310	310
French	640	355	285	1,465	720	745
English and French	220	100	125	110	50	60
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	10	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,120
Single responses	1,830	935	895	2,060	1,030	1,035
Official languages	900	495	410	1,450	730	725
English	385	195	190	325	175	155
French	525	305	225	1,125	560	565
Non-official languages	925	440	485	610	295	310
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	925	440	485	610	295	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	75	55	100	50	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	75	55	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	75	55	65	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	15	10	5	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	35	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	155	155	430	210	220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	10	0	5	5	0
Russian	40	15	25	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	415	200	210
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	285	140	145
Portuguese	20	10	10	20	10	10
Romanian	15	5	5	20	5	10
Spanish	50	25	30	95	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	345	140	205	0	0	0
Chinese languages	345	140	205	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	115	170	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	100	100	150	65	85
English and French	55	35	20	45	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	25	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	10	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,120
English	410	220	190	440	230	210
French	345	205	135	1,035	515	520
Non-official language	265	110	155	75	40	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	265	110	155	75	40	35
English and French	205	110	95	215	100	110
English and non-official language(s)	510	255	250	65	30	35
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	205	90	115
English, French and non-official language(s)	235	100	135	175	85	95
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,120
Single responses	1,760	915	850	2,055	1,025	1,030
Official languages	1,205	655	545	1,895	940	950
English	720	370	345	615	305	310
French	490	280	205	1,280	635	645
Non-official languages	555	260	300	160	80	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	260	300	160	80	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	40	40	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	75	85	95	50	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	20	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	20	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25	95	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	10	0	5
Spanish	35	20	15	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	105	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	240	105	130	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	90	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	120	140	160	70	90
English and French	75	40	35	70	30	45
English and non-official language(s)	115	50	70	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	15	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,030	1,040	995	2,215	1,095	1,125
None	1,215	635	585	1,670	840	830
English	280	150	125	115	65	50
French	100	50	50	135	55	80
Non-official language	255	130	125	165	70	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	255	130	125	165	70	100
English and French	50	20	30	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	45	20	25
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	50	25	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	10	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,000	1,095	900	2,140	1,060	1,080
Official languages	1,945	1,070	875	2,130	1,060	1,070
English	1,855	1,040	820	1,525	745	780
French	1,225	675	545	2,065	1,025	1,040
Non-official languages	1,340	700	640	1,045	480	565
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,340	700	640	1,045	480	565
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	175	110	190	105	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kabyle	0	0	0	85	45	40
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	265	160	105	170	95	70
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	255	150	100	170	95	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15	175	70	105
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	510	285	220	695	310	385
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
German	35	20	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	20	0	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages	150	95	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	60	30	25	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	65	15	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	80	65	15	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	75	60	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	130	115	680	310	370
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	10	465	225	240
Portuguese	30	15	15	85	35	45
Romanian	20	0	15	35	15	25
Spanish	215	120	100	155	60	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	35	45	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	180	255	0	0	0
Chinese languages	440	180	255	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	395	160	235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,000	1,100	905	2,145	1,065	1,080
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	15	10	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	15	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,985	1,090	895	2,125	1,045	1,075
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,000	1,100	905	2,145	1,065	1,080
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,000	1,100	905	2,145	1,065	1,080
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
Owner	450	...	...	595	...	...
Renter	815	...	...	160	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
Condominium	1,090	...	...	130	...	...
Not condominium	180	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	725	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	385	...	...	185	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	410	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,130	...	...	130	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	135	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	265	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.0	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,195	...	...	740	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
Suitable	1,130	...	...	720	...	...
Not suitable	135	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	80	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	320	...	...	100	...	...
2011 to 2015	255	...	...	200	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	400	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,240	...	...	715	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
One-maintainer household	945	...	...	265	...	...
Two-maintainer household	305	...	...	470	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
15 to 24 years	395	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	400	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	215	...	...	195	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	200	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	155	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,180	...	...	750	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	490	...	...	680	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	695	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	380	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,270	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	775	...	...	130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	605	...	...	60	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	30	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	490	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	870	...	...	750	...	...
In core need	55	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	815	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	455	...	...	590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.3	...	...	80.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	46.5	...	...	4.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,590	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,830	...	...	1,770	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	592,000	...	...	532,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	815	...	...	160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	66.0	...	...	28.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,708	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,995	1,095	905	2,140	1,065	1,080
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	40	15	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	40	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	35	10	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,990	1,095	900	2,105	1,050	1,050
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,995	1,095	900	2,140	1,060	1,080
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	995	545	455	2,085	1,025	1,060
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	35	25	600	315	285
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	930	505	430	1,485	710	775
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,000	555	450	60	35	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,995	1,095	900	2,140	1,060	1,080
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	625	365	260	1,695	825	870
Immigrants⁸¹	705	350	355	440	230	210
Before 1980	35	20	15	75	40	35
1980 to 1990	45	20	25	55	25	25
1991 to 2000	115	50	60	100	45	55
2001 to 2010	165	85	75	115	60	60
2011 to 2021⁸²	345	175	175	95	55	40
2011 to 2015	110	45	65	85	50	40
2016 to 2021	240	130	110	10	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	670	375	290	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	710	350	355	440	225	210
Under 5 years	70	25	45	55	30	20
5 to 14 years	170	75	100	125	60	70
15 to 24 years	160	85	70	70	40	30
25 to 44 years	220	125	95	170	85	80
45 years and over	85	45	45	20	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	710	350	355	440	225	210
Americas	70	30	40	160	70	85
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	95	50	40
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15	20	0	10
Europe	125	75	50	110	55	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	50	20	30	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	60	35	25
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	25	10	20
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	10	0	0	0
Africa	90	35	55	160	85	70
Algeria	0	0	0	115	55	55
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	20	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	35	15	20
Asia	415	210	205	15	15	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	50	35	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	10	15	15	0
Syria⁸⁹	30	20	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	130	40	95	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	35	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	235	130	110	10	10	0
Americas	20	20	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	40	15	0	0	0
France	35	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	0	0	0
Asia	120	45	75	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,000	1,095	900	2,145	1,060	1,080
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,420	740	680	465	245	215
Second generation¹⁰¹	250	125	125	700	280	420
Third generation or more¹⁰²	330	230	100	985	540	440
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	670	330	340	365	185	175
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	540	265	275	210	110	100
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	180	125	50	80	50	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	360	140	220	125	60	65
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	55	45	105	50	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	20	40	20	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	670	330	340	365	185	175
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	40	20	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	20	10	15	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	25	35	10	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	40	30	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	490	235	260	300	150	145
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,000	1,100	900	2,145	1,065	1,080
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,175	590	585	550	260	285
South Asian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese	435	160	270	0	0	0
Black	105	65	35	275	130	150
Filipino	20	15	0	0	0	0
Arab	250	145	105	155	85	70
Latin American	55	30	30	90	40	50
Southeast Asian	30	10	20	0	0	0
West Asian	95	65	25	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	25	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	825	510	320	1,595	795	790
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,000	1,095	900	2,140	1,060	1,080
Canadian	145	75	60	340	170	170
English	50	25	25	30	15	15
Irish	65	45	25	110	50	55
Scottish	45	35	15	30	10	25
French, n.o.s.¹²²	285	210	80	305	140	165
German	55	40	15	35	20	15
Chinese	445	160	285	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	715	360	355
Indian (India)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	25	10	15
Québécois	15	10	10	180	100	80
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	25	0	0	0	0
Filipino	25	20	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	10	10	100	50	45
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	30	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	20	0	40	15	25
American	15	10	0	10	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	30	15	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	0	15	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	0	20	15	0
Jewish	50	35	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	90	55	35	20	15	0
Greek	20	20	0	35	15	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	0	45	20	25
Lebanese	60	25	40	35	15	15
Iranian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	190	75	115
Hindu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	30	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	15	15	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	10	0	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	15	15	40	20	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	55	45	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	95	40	55
Brazilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	15	0	10
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	20	0	15
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	0	0	30	15	15
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,000	1,095	905	2,145	1,065	1,080
Buddhist	20	10	15	0	0	0
Christian	585	305	280	1,525	730	795
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	105	50	55	175	80	95
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	380	205	180	1,225	600	625
Christian Orthodox	55	35	20	40	10	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	35	25	20
Presbyterian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	10	20	10	10
Hindu	35	25	10	0	0	0
Jewish	60	45	15	0	0	0
Muslim	300	180	120	170	80	85
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	995	530	465	440	250	195
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,985	1,085	905	2,100	1,045	1,055
Non-movers	1,335	735	600	1,960	965	990
Movers	655	355	305	145	80	65
Non-migrants	340	205	140	135	75	60
Migrants	320	150	170	0	0	0
Internal migrants	150	75	75	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	15	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	120	60	65	0	0	0
External migrants	165	75	90	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,935	1,065	870	1,990	1,000	985
Non-movers	335	195	140	1,105	550	555
Movers	1,600	870	730	880	450	430
Non-migrants	335	180	160	745	370	370
Migrants	1,265	690	570	140	80	55
Internal migrants	530	275	255	125	70	55
Intraprovincial migrants	200	115	80	125	70	55
Interprovincial migrants	330	160	175	0	0	0
External migrants	735	415	320	15	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,880	1,045	835	1,620	785	840
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	25	240	140	100
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,835	1,020	815	1,375	645	735
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,135	655	480	1,205	570	635
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	10	105	70	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,115	645	470	1,100	505	595
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,875	1,040	835	1,620	780	835
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	15	20	225	125	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	355	175	180	310	150	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,485	845	640	1,090	505	580
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	195	120	580	305	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	30	15	190	115	75
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	25	15	140	75	65
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	45	40	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	230	145	85	355	175	180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	20	35	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,165	650	520	515	205	305
Bachelor's degree	655	360	295	390	160	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	55	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	55	25	20	0	15
Master's degree	295	165	130	90	40	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	35	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,140	660	485	1,200	570	630
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	90	60	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	50	35	180	95	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035	595	440	930	420	515
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	90	70	455	235	220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	165	105	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	10	115	65	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	50	45	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	50	35	260	120	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	25	25	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	875	505	370	480	185	300
Bachelor's degree	415	230	180	360	135	220
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	30	50	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	50	15	20	0	15
Master's degree	290	165	120	90	35	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	25	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,880	1,040	840	1,615	780	835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	395	195	200	530	275	255
Education	30	0	30	100	15	90
13. Education	30	0	30	100	15	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	65	50	45	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	35	40	45	15	30
Humanities	55	15	45	45	25	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	20	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	90	90	120	15	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	45	25	20	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	70	45	30	45	15	35
Business, management and public administration	380	220	155	295	125	170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	370	220	150	295	125	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	85	55	25	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	40	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	105	45	45	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	90	35	45	35	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	145	50	225	215	10
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	150	130	15	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	10	10	65	65	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	55	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	20	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	225	110	115	135	20	115
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	25	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	165	65	100	110	10	100
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	25	15	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	35	30	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,140	655	480	1,205	570	635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	105	60	45	270	155	115
Education	25	0	25	100	10	90
13. Education	25	0	25	100	10	90
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	60	40	30	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	30	30	10	20
Humanities	50	15	35	30	15	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	0	15	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	65	55	115	15	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	45	25	15	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	275	155	115	265	105	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	265	155	110	260	105	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	25	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	25	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	95	25	40	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	80	25	40	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	125	85	40	200	190	10
04. Architecture and related services	25	0	25	15	15	0
14. Engineering	95	75	15	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	55	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	45	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	15	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Health and related fields	150	70	85	115	15	100
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	110	35	70	95	0	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	25	10	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	25	25	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,140	655	480	1,205	570	635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105	60	45	270	155	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,035	595	440	935	420	510
Location of study inside Canada	590	345	245	855	380	475
Same as province or territory of residence	455	255	200	835	375	465
Different than province or territory of residence	135	85	45	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	445	250	195	80	35	45
Americas	65	35	25	20	10	15
United States of America	20	20	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	200	135	65	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	130	90	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	50	25	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	40	20	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	145	65	85	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	25	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	30	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,875	1,040	835	1,620	780	835
In the labour force	1,225	725	500	1,280	635	645
Employed	1,035	660	380	1,220	625	595
Unemployed	190	70	120	65	10	45
Not in the labour force	655	320	335	340	145	190
Participation rate	65.3	69.7	59.9	79.0	81.4	77.2
Employment rate	55.2	63.5	45.5	75.3	80.1	71.3
Unemployment rate	15.5	9.7	24.0	5.1	1.6	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,880	1,040	840	1,615	780	835
Did not work¹⁸⁶	765	390	375	330	120	210
Worked	1,115	650	465	1,285	655	625
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	545	330	220	795	445	350
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	570	325	245	490	215	280
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.5	39.0	37.9	43.2	44.6	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,225	725	500	1,280	635	645
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	15	10	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	1,265	630	635
Employee	960	555	405	1,160	555	605
Permanent position	600	330	270	985	505	485
Temporary position	360	225	135	170	45	120
Fixed term (1 year or more)	200	145	60	75	10	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	160	80	75	90	35	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	190	140	50	110	75	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,225	725	500	1,280	635	645
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	15	10	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	1,265	630	635
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	30	10	30	25	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	225	115	110	245	85	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	220	170	55	155	135	20
3 Health occupations	90	45	40	125	0	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	165	75	90	195	45	150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	90	55	35	15	20
6 Sales and service occupations	210	130	80	260	120	140
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	35	0	190	185	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	35	20	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,225	725	500	1,280	635	645
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	15	10	10
All industries¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	1,265	630	635
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	10	0	10
22 Utilities	10	10	0	20	15	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	85	75	10
31-33 Manufacturing	55	25	35	95	60	35
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	95	55	35	140	55	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	10	75	70	0
51 Information and cultural industries	110	85	25	45	40	0
52 Finance and insurance	105	65	40	75	40	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	15	20	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	315	215	95	145	85	65
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	30	15	20
61 Educational services	125	50	75	120	20	110
62 Health care and social assistance	110	65	50	205	40	170
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	10	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	25	45	30	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	20	0	45	25	20
91 Public administration	35	20	10	70	40	35
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,290	755	540	1,340	675	675
English	540	300	235	95	40	60
French	140	90	50	660	340	315
Non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	485	315	165	550	280	275
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	40	15	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,290	755	540	1,340	675	675
Single responses	1,105	640	470	1,225	620	610
Official languages	1,080	630	450	1,225	620	610
English	780	450	335	275	130	150
French	295	185	115	950	490	460
Non-official languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	115	75	115	55	60
English and French	135	95	40	115	55	60
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,290	755	540	1,340	675	675
None	850	500	350	855	430	425
English	160	100	65	280	145	140
French	225	135	90	165	85	85
Non-official language	55	25	35	15	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	35	15	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,040	655	380	1,220	625	595
Worked at home	545	325	215	300	145	155
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	50	50	0	85	70	15
Usual place of work	425	265	165	835	405	425
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	425	260	165	835	405	430
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	330	195	140	685	340	345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	20	10	45	30	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	50	10	100	45	65
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	475	310	160	920	475	445
Car, truck or van	185	130	50	810	420	390
Car, truck or van - as a driver	160	130	35	755	395	365
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	15	50	20	25
Public transit	120	60	60	110	50	55
Walked	125	80	45	0	0	0
Bicycle	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other method	30	25	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	475	310	160	920	475	445
Less than 15 minutes	100	75	30	175	75	95
15 to 29 minutes	200	135	65	265	145	120
30 to 44 minutes	115	65	50	220	120	100
45 to 59 minutes	35	25	10	140	75	60
60 minutes and over	20	15	0	120	65	55
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	475	310	160	920	475	445
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	60	45	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	30	15	160	80	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	145	95	45	300	120	180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	150	95	60	165	85	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	70	25	80	40	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	155	105	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	155	70	85	615	330	290
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	30	35	210	105	105
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	50	405	220	180
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	85	25	50	435	235	200
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	20	25	150	75	70
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	25	135	75	60
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	5	30	285	160	125

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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