Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663459More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660969More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662542More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,031	...	...	639	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	879	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,612	...	...	241	...	...	976,966	...	...	449	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,249	...	...	224	...	...	910,359	...	...	422	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6,687.5	...	...	14,106.0	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	6,910.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.30	...	...	0.05	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,030	1,035	990	640	255	385	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	880	445	430
0 to 14 years	150	60	80	60	30	30	309,765	158,545	151,225	165	90	75
0 to 4 years	70	40	30	25	15	10	99,195	50,760	48,435	60	35	25
5 to 9 years	45	10	35	25	10	15	106,985	54,660	52,320	60	35	25
10 to 14 years	30	15	20	15	10	5	103,590	53,120	50,470	40	20	20
15 to 64 years	1,755	910	850	260	130	130	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	580	295	275
15 to 19 years	105	50	55	15	5	5	97,525	49,340	48,180	25	15	15
20 to 24 years	530	250	280	10	5	5	140,025	70,895	69,125	45	30	15
25 to 29 years	345	190	150	25	5	10	165,525	83,630	81,895	55	25	30
30 to 34 years	260	135	125	30	15	15	157,725	78,995	78,730	70	30	35
35 to 39 years	160	95	65	30	20	15	149,265	74,115	75,155	75	40	35
40 to 44 years	115	70	45	20	15	5	142,365	70,920	71,445	80	40	40
45 to 49 years	65	30	35	25	10	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	60	30	30
50 to 54 years	55	30	30	30	15	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	60	35	25
55 to 59 years	65	30	30	45	20	20	125,465	63,810	61,655	60	35	25
60 to 64 years	60	25	35	35	15	15	118,065	57,920	60,140	50	20	25
65 years and over	125	70	60	320	95	225	351,325	151,210	200,120	145	55	85
65 to 69 years	45	25	20	35	10	25	99,325	46,730	52,595	40	15	20
70 to 74 years	30	15	15	45	15	25	86,030	39,185	46,845	45	15	30
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	45	20	25	63,215	27,320	35,895	25	15	10
80 to 84 years	20	5	5	50	15	35	46,875	18,960	27,915	25	5	15
85 years and over	10	10	5	140	30	110	55,885	19,015	36,870	20	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	55	15	40	33,210	12,200	21,010	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	50	10	40	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	30	0	25	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.4	5.8	8.1	9.4	11.8	7.8	15.5	16.1	14.8	18.8	20.2	17.4
15 to 64 years	86.5	87.9	85.9	40.6	51.0	33.8	67.0	68.5	65.6	65.9	66.3	64.0
65 years and over	6.2	6.8	6.1	50.0	37.3	58.4	17.5	15.4	19.6	16.5	12.4	19.8
85 years and over	0.5	1.0	0.5	21.9	11.8	28.6	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.3	1.1	2.3
Average age of the population	32.7	33.0	32.4	59.9	53.6	64.0	41.0	39.8	42.1	40.5	38.5	42.5
Median age of the population	28.4	28.8	27.6	65.5	56.0	71.5	39.6	38.4	40.4	40.4	39.6	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,245	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	215	...	...	110,440	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	5	...	...	479,885	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,230	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	345	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,250	...	...	225	...	...	910,355	...	...	425	...	...
1 person	730	...	...	115	...	...	367,400	...	...	200	...	...
2 persons	390	...	...	60	...	...	271,730	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	20	...	...	118,205	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	20	...	...	98,205	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5	...	...	54,820	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,980	1,000	975	425	200	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	875	445	435
Average household size	1.6	...	...	1.9	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,885	975	910	580	230	355	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	715	355	360
Married or living common-law	700	345	360	235	115	120	822,440	414,330	408,115	350	175	180
Married	465	225	245	200	95	100	577,060	289,455	287,600	300	150	150
Living common-law	240	125	110	35	15	15	245,385	124,870	120,510	50	30	25
Living common law - Never married	205	110	100	35	15	15	207,040	104,785	102,250	35	20	15
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	20	15	10	5	0	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	5	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,180	625	555	350	110	235	872,060	410,935	461,125	365	180	185
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,055	580	475	200	80	120	627,845	333,150	294,700	250	155	100
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	15	10	5	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	30	45	55	15	35	126,605	46,380	80,225	70	20	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	0	20	85	10	80	82,815	16,590	66,225	30	0	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	390	...	...	105	...	...	495,445	...	...	205	...	...
2 persons	275	...	...	55	...	...	251,075	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	25	...	...	107,265	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	25	...	...	93,300	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	5	...	...	43,810	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...	105	...	...	495,445	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	315	...	...	85	...	...	395,645	...	...	165	...	...
Married couples	195	...	...	65	...	...	273,070	...	...	140	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...	35	...	...	162,745	...	...	100	...	...
Without children	105	...	...	30	...	...	110,325	...	...	45	...	...
Common-law couples	115	...	...	20	...	...	122,570	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	10	...	...	44,875	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	110	...	...	10	...	...	77,700	...	...	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	80	...	...	25	...	...	99,805	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	65	...	...	15	...	...	80,530	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,980	1,000	975	425	205	220	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	880	445	435
Total - Persons in census families	960	450	510	295	140	155	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	635	320	310
Married spouses or common-law partners	620	315	305	170	85	85	791,280	398,495	392,785	340	170	170
Parents in one-parent families	80	15	65	20	5	20	99,805	19,275	80,525	40	5	30
Children⁶	255	125	135	105	50	50	541,905	284,935	256,965	255	145	115
In a two-parent family	160	85	75	75	35	35	392,250	205,155	187,095	200	110	85
In a one-parent family	100	40	60	30	15	15	149,655	79,785	69,865	55	30	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,015	550	470	135	65	70	526,370	262,915	263,450	245	130	120
Living alone	730	405	320	110	55	60	367,395	175,660	191,740	200	100	95
Living with other relatives⁷	70	40	35	5	0	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	30	15	20
Living with non-relatives only	215	110	110	15	10	5	109,690	65,235	44,455	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,250	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	425	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	385	...	...	95	...	...	455,970	...	...	195	...	...
Couple-family households	310	...	...	80	...	...	370,250	...	...	160	...	...
With children⁶	100	...	...	40	...	...	194,165	...	...	95	...	...
Without children	210	...	...	40	...	...	176,085	...	...	65	...	...
One-parent-family households	80	...	...	15	...	...	85,720	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	16,550	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	5	...	...	55,210	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	730	...	...	110	...	...	367,395	...	...	195	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,830	940	890	370	170	195	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	720	355	365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,640	850	790	360	170	195	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	700	340	355
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	35,600	26,600	35,600	39,200	34,000	37,600	39,600	36,000	34,400	36,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,640	850	790	360	170	195	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	700	340	355
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,200	32,400	25,200	32,000	35,200	31,000	34,000	35,200	32,800	31,600	33,600	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,465	755	705	325	155	170	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	600	315	285
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	38,800	21,400	27,000	32,800	20,200	31,000	35,200	27,000	25,400	31,400	19,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,145	615	530	240	125	115	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	485	270	210
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	43,200	22,600	28,000	31,800	27,200	32,800	36,000	29,600	29,800	34,800	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,270	635	635	315	145	175	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	620	290	330
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,000	3,480	4,400	15,100	13,600	15,500	10,800	9,600	12,000	10,300	7,750	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	45	55	45	20	25	171,705	84,570	87,145	70	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,080	x	6,500	5,520	5,480	5,680	4,760	3,720	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	535	275	260	105	55	50	529,640	276,110	253,530	230	135	95
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	9,500	10,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,880	1,040	835	365	195	175	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	690	340	350
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,675	955	725	360	190	175	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	675	335	345
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,050	59,900	53,300	44,800	45,600	44,000	53,250	60,050	46,760	41,200	46,400	36,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,675	955	725	360	190	175	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	675	335	345
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	43,800	41,100	37,600	38,400	36,800	42,520	46,280	38,960	35,700	39,400	32,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,455	815	640	340	170	170	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	585	305	280
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,650	64,400	53,600	34,400	38,000	30,800	48,960	57,350	40,640	34,600	40,000	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,175	690	485	250	140	110	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	505	285	220
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,500	66,000	52,400	33,600	36,500	30,400	48,760	55,650	41,480	36,000	39,200	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,255	700	560	320	165	155	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	585	275	315
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,980	6,520	7,560	14,200	12,800	15,600	12,040	10,900	13,040	13,000	11,600	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	60	45	40	0	30	171,360	84,435	86,925	85	45	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,800	6,200	8,000	...	10,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	5,900	4,200	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	530	310	220	115	70	45	528,305	276,300	252,005	230	145	90
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,320	7,950	8,900	10,000	10,800	8,800	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,300	10,400	7,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,880	1,045	840	365	195	175	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	690	345	350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	495	300	195	80	45	30	514,340	278,505	235,830	185	110	80
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	90,000	64,000	41,600	42,000	x	60,000	63,600	56,000	52,400	58,400	50,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	103,200	114,000	86,000	61,000	58,000	64,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	62,800	66,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	515	295	225	130	65	65	504,455	247,565	256,895	255	155	105
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	22,200	12,700	16,000	20,200	12,300	16,400	17,400	15,500	17,400	17,600	12,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,700	28,600	26,600	21,600	25,000	18,500	26,920	29,400	24,520	23,600	24,000	22,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.8	92.0	89.2	72.5	76.0	68.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	73.0	79.0	64.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.4	80.0	66.0	52.0	58.0	44.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	65.5	72.0	57.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.2	8.0	10.9	27.6	24.0	32.0	18.9	14.4	24.4	27.2	20.4	35.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	2.0	x	3.6	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.8	1.2	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.6	5.4	7.9	9.6	5.8	6.4	5.9	7.0	8.8	10.4	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.4	5.0	7.0	9.0	4.8	5.7	5.4	6.0	7.8	9.6	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,835	940	895	370	175	195	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	715	355	360
Without total income	195	95	105	5	0	0	65,020	32,205	32,820	20	10	10
With total income	1,635	845	785	365	170	190	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	700	345	355
Under $10,000 (including loss)	370	170	200	25	10	15	138,250	65,670	72,580	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	205	90	110	40	20	20	200,450	93,060	107,390	90	35	55
$20,000 to $29,999	265	130	130	80	35	45	286,825	131,235	155,595	145	75	75
$30,000 to $39,999	125	60	70	60	30	30	215,455	102,705	112,755	95	40	55
$40,000 to $49,999	100	45	50	30	10	25	181,505	86,460	95,040	95	45	45
$50,000 to $59,999	110	60	50	45	25	15	138,185	64,805	73,380	65	30	30
$60,000 to $69,999	80	40	45	20	10	10	100,060	48,510	51,550	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	25	20	10	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	30	5	0	5	58,400	30,060	28,335	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20	10	5	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	10	5	10
$100,000 and over	215	150	65	30	20	5	149,555	92,680	56,875	25	20	5
$100,000 to $149,999	110	80	30	15	10	0	90,980	53,275	37,705	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	100	75	30	10	5	5	58,575	39,405	19,170	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,835	940	895	370	175	195	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	715	355	360
Without after-tax income	195	95	105	5	0	0	64,605	32,005	32,605	20	10	10
With after-tax income	1,635	845	785	365	170	190	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	700	345	355
Under $10,000 (including loss)	380	175	200	25	5	15	144,275	67,955	76,320	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	215	100	115	45	20	25	210,975	98,495	112,480	100	45	55
$20,000 to $29,999	260	125	135	85	35	50	334,395	155,845	178,545	160	75	80
$30,000 to $39,999	165	80	85	65	30	40	257,145	124,835	132,315	135	65	70
$40,000 to $49,999	145	70	70	50	25	25	204,980	97,805	107,175	110	55	50
$50,000 to $59,999	120	65	55	35	15	15	139,760	67,315	72,450	50	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	80	50	35	20	10	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	25	15	10	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	10	5	5	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	45	30	15	5	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	110	75	35	10	5	5	73,695	48,025	25,665	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	45	30	15	5	10	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	65	45	20	5	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,835	940	895	370	175	195	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	715	355	360
Without employment income	690	325	365	130	50	80	495,060	212,405	282,660	235	85	150
With employment income	1,145	615	530	240	125	115	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	485	270	215
Under $5,000 (including loss)	230	95	135	40	20	15	167,560	82,405	85,155	75	35	40
$5,000 to $9,999	115	60	55	30	5	20	111,575	52,975	58,595	45	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	135	65	70	30	20	15	151,350	72,815	78,530	65	40	30
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	30	15	15	116,030	56,295	59,730	55	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	35	25	10	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	40	20	10	10	104,250	51,950	52,300	65	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	70	45	25	25	15	5	84,485	42,940	41,540	45	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	35	10	5	5	66,190	35,045	31,145	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	15	10	10	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	5	5	0	46,000	24,150	21,850	15	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	15	5	5	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	175	125	50	15	10	5	115,575	74,545	41,030	25	20	5
$100,000 to $124,999	65	50	15	5	0	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	10	0
$125,000 and over	105	75	35	10	5	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,830	940	890	370	170	195	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	720	355	365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,535	795	745	355	170	185	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	670	330	335
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,800	27,800	21,200	34,400	38,400	31,400	34,000	36,400	31,800	30,200	34,000	25,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,535	795	745	355	170	185	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	670	330	335
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,000	27,000	20,000	31,800	34,400	28,200	31,000	32,800	29,400	28,000	30,800	24,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,375	715	665	325	155	165	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	580	300	280
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	31,600	21,800	30,400	36,800	23,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	28,600	32,800	21,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,040	550	485	240	130	115	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	470	260	210
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	40,800	22,200	33,200	34,400	31,400	33,600	36,800	30,400	31,400	32,800	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,070	525	540	300	135	165	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	560	255	305
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,290	1,270	1,290	8,800	6,160	11,200	4,440	2,760	7,300	4,360	2,240	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	15	20	25	10	15	114,940	56,080	58,855	45	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	x	6,320	4,800	x	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,960	2,740	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,880	1,040	835	365	195	175	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	690	340	350
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	860	690	350	190	160	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	645	320	325
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,650	52,000	51,200	45,000	42,400	48,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	38,200	42,800	33,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	860	690	350	190	160	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	645	320	325
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,040	38,300	37,700	37,200	34,800	40,000	39,800	43,800	35,920	32,800	35,800	29,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,370	750	625	320	170	155	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	565	290	275
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,850	57,600	53,600	40,400	40,400	40,000	49,080	57,750	40,560	35,800	42,000	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,090	620	470	230	140	95	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	485	270	220
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,900	59,800	46,200	40,800	38,000	44,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	37,000	41,200	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,100	585	515	305	160	145	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	525	245	280
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,360	2,860	3,940	9,300	7,700	11,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	8,600	5,920	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	15	20	0	0	114,595	55,675	58,915	50	15	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,000	...	20,000	7,200	...	...	7,510	5,990	8,940	5,800	3,600	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,880	1,045	840	365	195	175	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	690	345	350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	465	275	195	80	45	30	507,645	274,575	233,070	195	115	80
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	80,000	44,800	43,200	45,200	43,200	54,400	58,400	50,400	46,400	53,200	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,000	96,000	67,500	63,000	60,000	68,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	56,800	62,000	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	440	235	205	115	60	50	462,020	227,495	234,530	225	135	95
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	25,000	15,000	34,400	28,800	35,600	21,800	23,200	20,400	19,200	20,200	11,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,400	39,600	28,200	31,600	28,000	36,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	26,600	26,800	26,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.4	96.4	94.0	82.0	84.0	78.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	82.0	90.0	72.0
Employment income (%)	73.2	83.0	61.6	60.0	64.0	54.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	73.0	80.0	63.0
Government transfers (%)	4.6	3.7	5.7	18.0	15.2	21.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	18.4	10.6	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	x	0.8	1.0	x	x	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.1	0.5	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,250	...	...	225	...	...	910,355	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	56,400	...	...	66,000	...	...	56,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	51,200	...	...	58,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	730	...	...	110	...	...	367,395	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,800	...	...	39,600	...	...	38,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	26,000	...	...	36,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	520	...	...	110	...	...	542,960	...	...	225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	87,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	75,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,400	...	...	73,500	...	...	92,700	...	...	66,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	61,600	...	...	74,100	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	740	...	...	110	...	...	367,255	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,900	...	...	48,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	47,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,700	...	...	39,500	...	...	40,640	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	115	...	...	543,100	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,600	...	...	98,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	82,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,250	...	...	225	...	...	910,355	...	...	420	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	5	...	...	25,730	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	10	...	...	57,720	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	41,160	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	40,595	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	20	...	...	41,545	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	15	...	...	42,630	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	40,980	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	30	...	...	75,485	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	20	...	...	67,695	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	15	...	...	60,495	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	15	...	...	54,055	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	10	...	...	45,830	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	50	...	...	270,265	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	15	...	...	85,635	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	60	...	...	10	...	...	62,095	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	75	...	...	15	...	...	66,335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,250	...	...	225	...	...	910,355	...	...	420	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	0	...	...	17,965	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	10	...	...	27,485	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	10	...	...	63,030	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	20	...	...	49,660	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	20	...	...	48,815	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	15	...	...	51,055	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	20	...	...	50,890	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	15	...	...	47,120	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	30	...	...	85,490	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...	15	...	...	75,625	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	65,530	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	10	...	...	54,850	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	10	...	...	45,065	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	35	...	...	197,490	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...	15	...	...	78,870	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	5	...	...	45,905	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	70	...	...	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	420	...	...	105	...	...	501,830	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	89,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	79,500	...	...	82,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	40	...	...	179,195	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	40	...	...	208,260	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	20	...	...	95,875	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	60,000	...	...	59,600	...	...	50,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	950	515	435	130	60	65	477,085	240,895	236,195	215	115	100
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,200	26,200	21,800	38,000	39,200	37,600	34,400	34,800	34,000	41,200	48,400	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,400	25,200	21,400	34,000	34,000	33,600	31,200	31,200	31,200	37,200	41,200	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	435	...	...	105	...	...	501,905	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	100,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...	84,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	230	...	...	45	...	...	179,455	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	50	...	...	208,375	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	0	...	...	95,455	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	...	...	...	78,200	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	x	...	...	67,100	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	950	575	370	120	75	50	476,520	240,280	236,245	205	115	90
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,300	39,000	55,200	46,000	46,000	46,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	48,400	55,000	39,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,600	31,400	39,600	38,000	39,000	37,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	40,400	45,000	35,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,980	1,000	975	430	200	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	880	445	430
0 to 17 years	155	65	90	70	35	35	365,020	186,710	178,315	180	100	80
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	25	15	15	120,615	61,615	58,995	65	40	30
18 to 64 years	1,700	870	835	245	125	120	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	560	290	270
65 years and over	125	70	60	120	50	70	317,425	140,270	177,155	145	55	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	850	410	440	50	25	25	321,885	154,370	167,510	185	90	95
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	0	0	0	54,265	27,870	26,395	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	0	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	755	360	390	30	10	20	197,020	99,310	97,710	105	55	50
65 years and over	30	20	10	20	10	10	70,600	27,185	43,415	50	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	42.9	41.0	44.8	11.6	10.0	13.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	21.2	20.4	22.0
0 to 17 years (%)	42.0	44.0	40.0	x	x	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	20.0	22.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	32.0	36.0	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	24.0	20.0	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	44.4	41.6	47.4	12.0	9.0	14.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	18.0	17.5	18.5
65 years and over (%)	22.0	28.0	16.0	17.0	20.0	16.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	35.0	32.0	36.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,975	1,000	975	425	205	220	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	880	445	435
0 to 17 years	150	70	85	65	30	35	365,025	186,705	178,315	175	95	80
0 to 5 years	85	40	40	25	10	15	120,610	61,615	58,995	70	35	30
18 to 64 years	1,695	870	830	240	120	115	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	560	290	270
65 years and over	125	65	55	115	45	70	317,425	140,265	177,155	140	55	85
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	725	355	370	30	15	15	213,720	108,905	104,815	105	55	50
0 to 17 years	55	25	35	0	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	655	325	330	20	10	10	153,385	81,765	71,620	60	30	25
65 years and over	15	10	5	5	5	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	36.8	35.8	38.0	6.4	7.0	6.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	12.2	12.4	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	39.0	38.0	40.0	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	13.0	16.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	32.0	32.0	36.0	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	8.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	38.5	37.0	40.0	8.5	8.0	9.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	11.2	11.0	11.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	18.0	x	5.0	8.0	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	16.0	16.0	18.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,980	1,000	975	425	200	225	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	880	445	430
In bottom half of the distribution	1,355	665	690	285	130	155	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	680	330	350
In bottom decile	825	395	425	40	15	20	298,540	147,890	150,655	155	75	80
In second decile	175	80	95	70	30	45	244,435	115,985	128,450	110	55	60
In third decile	115	60	60	65	25	35	240,895	116,550	124,345	175	85	85
In fourth decile	145	80	65	45	25	20	218,125	105,885	112,240	155	75	75
In fifth decile	100	50	45	70	30	35	194,765	95,185	99,580	85	45	40
In top half of the distribution	625	335	285	140	75	70	762,590	384,140	378,450	200	110	85
In sixth decile	105	50	55	40	20	15	172,200	85,100	87,095	55	25	25
In seventh decile	100	50	50	35	15	15	156,540	78,290	78,250	65	40	25
In eighth decile	110	60	50	20	10	10	144,120	72,600	71,525	55	30	25
In ninth decile	120	75	45	20	15	5	134,265	68,285	65,980	15	10	5
In top decile	195	105	90	30	15	15	155,465	79,870	75,595	5	5	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,975	...	...	425	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	880	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.571	...	...	0.319	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.285	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.636	...	...	0.494	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.463	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.516	...	...	0.270	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	102.0	...	...	3.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,030	1,040	995	425	205	220	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	880	450	435
English only	785	410	375	80	35	45	262,290	133,690	128,600	85	45	35
French only	95	45	50	95	40	55	486,845	221,005	265,840	235	120	120
English and French	1,115	565	550	245	120	125	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	520	265	255
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	5	0	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	35	10	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,030	1,040	995	425	205	220	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	880	450	435
English	1,140	570	570	210	100	110	605,220	303,380	301,835	165	90	70
French	640	355	285	190	90	100	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	495	250	245
English and French	220	100	125	20	10	5	173,785	88,480	85,300	185	90	90
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	5	0	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	30	15	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,030	1,040	995	425	205	220	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	880	450	435
Single responses	1,830	935	895	395	190	210	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	800	405	395
Official languages	900	495	410	250	120	135	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	300	175	130
English	385	195	190	100	45	60	322,315	162,085	160,230	50	25	20
French	525	305	225	155	75	80	870,975	428,435	442,540	250	140	110
Non-official languages	925	440	485	150	75	75	643,275	311,525	331,750	495	235	260
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	925	440	485	150	75	75	642,820	311,370	331,445	495	235	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	75	55	15	10	5	129,195	68,395	60,805	275	140	130
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	15	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	15	10	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	75	55	10	5	5	112,200	59,320	52,880	260	135	120
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	125	75	55	10	5	5	107,605	56,960	50,645	260	135	120
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	5	0	5
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	155	155	110	50	55	329,415	158,980	170,435	185	80	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	30	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	10	0	5	37,235	16,405	20,835	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	10	0	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	40	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	5	10	0	5	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	5	0	0
Russian	40	15	25	0	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	20	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	15	10	5	68,600	36,145	32,455	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	15	15	5	5	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	15	5	5	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	40	30	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	65	35	30	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	85	40	45	183,755	87,295	96,460	100	40	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	55	25	30	63,560	29,680	33,880	5	0	5
Portuguese	20	10	10	10	5	10	19,465	9,245	10,215	10	5	5
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	60	25	35
Spanish	50	25	30	20	15	10	85,395	41,150	44,250	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	5	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	345	140	205	15	5	5	57,075	26,030	31,035	15	5	10
Chinese languages	345	140	205	15	5	5	56,890	25,955	30,935	15	5	10
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	115	170	5	0	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	25	10	5	5	15,185	6,995	8,195	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	100	100	30	15	15	143,450	71,980	71,470	80	40	40
English and French	55	35	20	10	5	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	10	10	5	32,265	15,955	16,310	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	5	5	0	47,185	23,615	23,570	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	5	5	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,030	1,040	995	425	205	220	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	880	450	435
English	410	220	190	125	55	70	340,470	170,050	170,425	40	20	20
French	345	205	135	140	65	75	779,125	383,000	396,125	235	130	110
Non-official language	265	110	155	35	15	20	204,395	96,705	107,690	200	85	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	265	110	155	35	15	20	204,315	96,670	107,645	200	85	110
English and French	205	110	95	25	10	15	173,135	89,205	83,935	45	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	510	255	250	40	15	20	135,390	66,995	68,400	65	40	25
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	20	10	10	180,900	85,935	94,965	150	75	75
English, French and non-official language(s)	235	100	135	45	30	10	154,470	76,450	78,020	120	65	60
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,030	1,040	995	425	205	220	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	880	450	435
Single responses	1,760	915	850	385	185	205	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	750	370	375
Official languages	1,205	655	545	325	150	170	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	415	225	195
English	720	370	345	165	75	90	479,850	239,270	240,580	80	40	40
French	490	280	205	160	75	80	956,130	471,155	484,975	330	180	150
Non-official languages	555	260	300	65	25	30	370,290	177,955	192,335	335	150	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	260	300	65	25	30	370,125	177,895	192,235	335	150	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	5	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	175	85	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	0	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	170	85	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	80	40	40	0	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	170	85	90
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	75	85	50	25	25	188,550	90,370	98,185	135	55	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	30	5	20
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	20	5	0	5	21,410	9,870	11,540	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	20	5	0	5	21,300	9,830	11,475	35	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	0	5	3,090	1,355	1,740	5	0	5
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	10	5	5	50,680	26,200	24,485	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	10	5	5	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25	40	20	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	60	25	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	5	10	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	45	15	30
Spanish	35	20	15	15	10	10	54,335	26,035	28,300	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	105	130	5	0	5	43,570	20,275	23,295	15	5	5
Chinese languages	240	105	130	5	0	5	43,475	20,230	23,240	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	90	115	0	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	5	0	5	10,470	4,815	5,655	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	120	140	40	25	20	173,745	85,640	88,110	130	75	55
English and French	75	40	35	5	5	0	53,305	27,065	26,240	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	115	50	70	20	10	10	39,365	19,140	20,225	25	15	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	15	15	5	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	65	35	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0	0	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	25	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,030	1,040	995	425	200	225	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	875	445	435
None	1,215	635	585	330	150	180	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	585	300	280
English	280	150	125	20	10	5	131,630	67,290	64,340	65	40	30
French	100	50	50	25	10	15	126,780	62,180	64,600	60	25	35
Non-official language	255	130	125	25	10	10	144,335	69,210	75,130	75	35	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	255	130	125	25	10	10	144,155	69,135	75,015	75	35	40
English and French	50	20	30	10	5	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	40	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	10	5	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	25	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	15	10	5	33,620	16,170	17,450	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	5	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,000	1,095	900	430	220	210	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	870	445	430
Official languages	1,945	1,070	875	415	220	195	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	840	430	415
English	1,855	1,040	820	335	180	160	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	560	300	250
French	1,225	675	545	295	165	130	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	785	400	390
Non-official languages	1,340	700	640	250	130	125	971,455	471,755	499,700	705	365	340
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,340	700	640	250	130	125	970,710	471,495	499,220	705	365	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	175	110	0	0	0	217,295	113,605	103,690	390	210	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	30	15	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	30	15	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	265	160	105	0	0	0	205,120	107,210	97,905	380	205	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	255	150	100	0	0	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	380	205	170
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	20	0	25	10	15	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	25	10	15	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	20	15	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	30	15	15	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	510	285	220	170	90	80	514,485	250,190	264,295	280	130	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	40	50	15	10	10	50,700	23,530	27,165	85	40	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	40	50	15	10	10	50,190	23,320	26,870	85	40	50
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10	10,130	4,475	5,650	15	0	10
Russian	80	30	50	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	75	25	45
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	35	20	10	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	35	20	10	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	20	20	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	15	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages	150	95	60	25	15	10	91,140	48,390	42,750	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	70	30	40	20	10	10	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	60	30	25	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	65	15	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	80	65	15	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	75	60	15	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	130	115	125	65	60	324,695	154,360	170,340	195	95	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	10	75	35	40	107,285	51,300	55,985	15	10	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	20	0	15	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	105	50	55
Spanish	215	120	100	55	30	25	193,835	91,345	102,490	100	45	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	80	35	45	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	25	15	15	33,295	16,860	16,435	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	10	10	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	180	255	15	10	10	68,485	31,760	36,720	10	0	0
Chinese languages	440	180	255	15	10	10	68,285	31,685	36,595	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	395	160	235	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	30	15	10	10	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,000	1,100	905	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	870	445	425
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,985	1,090	895	425	220	205	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	870	445	425
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,000	1,100	905	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	870	445	425
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,000	1,100	905	425	220	205	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	870	445	425
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Owner	450	...	...	70	...	...	360,125	...	...	210	...	...
Renter	815	...	...	150	...	...	550,240	...	...	210	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Condominium	1,090	...	...	0	...	...	192,985	...	...	315	...	...
Not condominium	180	...	...	225	...	...	717,375	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	725	...	...	45	...	...	267,715	...	...	185	...	...
2 bedrooms	385	...	...	85	...	...	303,875	...	...	175	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	85	...	...	220,945	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...	98,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,130	...	...	110	...	...	501,570	...	...	370	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	50	...	...	166,230	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	35	...	...	78,495	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	15	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	105,210	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.0	...	...	4.8	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,195	...	...	220	...	...	881,730	...	...	385	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Suitable	1,130	...	...	215	...	...	834,885	...	...	340	...	...
Not suitable	135	...	...	10	...	...	75,475	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	15	...	...	325,005	...	...	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	105	...	...	282,605	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	90	...	...	101,185	...	...	245	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	10	...	...	63,765	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	320	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	255	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	400	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,240	...	...	210	...	...	833,540	...	...	385	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	15	...	...	76,815	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
One-maintainer household	945	...	...	145	...	...	543,605	...	...	280	...	...
Two-maintainer household	305	...	...	65	...	...	333,140	...	...	130	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,270	...	...	225	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
15 to 24 years	395	...	...	10	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	400	...	...	25	...	...	162,375	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	215	...	...	35	...	...	171,535	...	...	90	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	30	...	...	155,520	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	45	...	...	156,865	...	...	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	35	...	...	122,825	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	30	...	...	70,345	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	29,930	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,180	...	...	220	...	...	902,485	...	...	415	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	490	...	...	165	...	...	686,075	...	...	340	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	695	...	...	60	...	...	216,410	...	...	80	...	...
30% to less than 100%	380	...	...	55	...	...	189,795	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,270	...	...	220	...	...	910,360	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	775	...	...	80	...	...	330,635	...	...	170	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	605	...	...	60	...	...	186,350	...	...	70	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	10	...	...	56,480	...	...	70	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	15	...	...	50,745	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	490	...	...	140	...	...	579,720	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	870	...	...	215	...	...	875,865	...	...	405	...	...
In core need	55	...	...	20	...	...	87,945	...	...	35	...	...
Not in core need	815	...	...	195	...	...	787,925	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	455	...	...	70	...	...	360,120	...	...	210	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.3	...	...	64.3	...	...	60.0	...	...	52.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	46.5	...	...	21.4	...	...	17.4	...	...	16.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,590	...	...	1,410	...	...	1,370	...	...	730	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,830	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,572	...	...	950	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	800,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	274,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	592,000	...	...	740,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	272,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	815	...	...	150	...	...	550,235	...	...	210	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	66.0	...	...	30.0	...	...	28.4	...	...	21.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	13.8	...	...	14.6	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	800	...	...	890	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,708	...	...	780	...	...	987	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,995	1,095	905	425	225	205	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	870	440	430
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	15	10	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,990	1,095	900	425	225	205	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	855	435	425
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,995	1,095	900	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	875	440	430
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	995	545	455	380	200	180	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	630	320	305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	35	25	60	25	35	322,965	164,980	157,985	130	80	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	930	505	430	320	170	145	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	495	245	255
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,000	555	450	50	25	25	313,410	160,530	152,885	240	125	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,995	1,095	900	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	875	440	430
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	625	365	260	240	130	110	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	285	140	150
Immigrants⁸¹	705	350	355	170	80	95	652,730	313,955	338,770	575	295	280
Before 1980	35	20	15	85	40	50	108,265	50,530	57,735	30	15	20
1980 to 1990	45	20	25	0	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	65	35	35
1991 to 2000	115	50	60	15	10	10	106,810	50,520	56,290	120	65	55
2001 to 2010	165	85	75	35	15	20	154,780	74,520	80,255	100	60	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	345	175	175	35	20	15	213,175	104,225	108,950	255	120	135
2011 to 2015	110	45	65	15	15	0	99,070	48,005	51,065	65	35	35
2016 to 2021	240	130	110	20	0	15	114,110	56,220	57,885	190	85	105
Non-permanent residents⁸³	670	375	290	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	710	350	355	175	80	95	652,725	313,955	338,770	580	300	280
Under 5 years	70	25	45	0	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	65	25	40
5 to 14 years	170	75	100	35	15	20	103,285	51,965	51,320	55	25	30
15 to 24 years	160	85	70	30	15	20	118,475	53,035	65,440	55	30	25
25 to 44 years	220	125	95	85	50	40	326,320	158,620	167,700	350	185	165
45 years and over	85	45	45	10	0	10	51,660	23,520	28,140	40	25	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	710	350	355	175	80	95	652,725	313,955	338,770	580	300	280
Americas	70	30	40	40	20	20	137,955	63,465	74,485	45	30	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15	15	15	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	20	15	10
Europe	125	75	50	45	20	30	158,795	76,610	82,190	145	55	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	50	20	30	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	25	10	15	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	10	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	45	25	25
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	10	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	60	20	35
Africa	90	35	55	30	15	15	152,205	77,515	74,690	165	95	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	15	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	40	20	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	20	15	0	10	37,215	18,545	18,670	60	35	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	15	10	10	47,960	24,705	23,260	35	20	10
Asia	415	210	205	55	25	30	202,715	95,775	106,935	220	115	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	50	35	15	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	10	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	85	50	35
Syria⁸⁹	30	20	10	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	90	50	45
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	130	40	95	20	10	10	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	20	10	15	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	25	10	15	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	35	15	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	235	130	110	20	0	15	114,110	56,220	57,885	190	85	105
Americas	20	20	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	55	40	15	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	35	15	20
France	35	15	15	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	35	15	20
Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	95	45	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	15	0	10
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	120	45	75	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	55	25	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	45	10	35	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	20	10	15	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	45	20	20
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,000	1,095	900	430	220	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	870	445	430
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,420	740	680	195	95	100	813,905	400,325	413,580	590	300	285
Second generation¹⁰¹	250	125	125	105	55	45	424,225	212,755	211,475	185	85	95
Third generation or more¹⁰²	330	230	100	130	70	55	721,230	352,590	368,630	100	55	50
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	670	330	340	90	40	40	544,455	263,425	281,040	545	285	265
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	540	265	275	30	10	25	303,105	155,090	148,020	350	190	165
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	180	125	50	15	10	10	151,015	87,200	63,815	165	105	55
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	360	140	220	15	0	15	152,090	67,890	84,205	195	85	110
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	55	45	40	25	20	146,645	59,645	87,000	85	35	50
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	20	0	0	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	105	50	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	670	330	340	90	40	40	544,455	263,425	281,040	545	285	265
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	25	15	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	25	10	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	20	10	10	0	10	56,685	26,490	30,195	30	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	25	35	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	40	30	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	15	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	490	235	260	60	30	35	387,815	184,015	203,795	470	245	225
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,000	1,100	900	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	870	445	430
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,175	590	585	200	105	95	737,510	363,785	373,725	465	265	205
South Asian	85	40	45	30	20	10	91,370	48,660	42,710	0	0	0
Chinese	435	160	270	15	10	10	69,985	32,190	37,795	10	0	10
Black	105	65	35	55	35	25	208,805	101,125	107,680	55	40	10
Filipino	20	15	0	25	15	10	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	250	145	105	25	10	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	315	170	145
Latin American	55	30	30	35	15	20	82,550	40,580	41,970	40	20	20
Southeast Asian	30	10	20	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	95	65	25	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	20	10	10
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	35	25	10	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	825	510	320	225	115	110	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	405	180	230
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,000	1,095	900	425	220	205	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	875	445	430
Canadian	145	75	60	20	15	10	241,015	115,880	125,135	50	25	25
English	50	25	25	25	0	20	59,710	30,025	29,685	0	0	0
Irish	65	45	25	20	0	15	102,325	48,885	53,440	10	0	0
Scottish	45	35	15	15	10	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	285	210	80	25	10	15	336,880	169,710	167,170	50	20	25
German	55	40	15	0	0	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	15	15	0
Chinese	445	160	285	15	10	10	74,630	34,410	40,220	10	0	10
Italian	75	35	40	95	45	50	156,025	76,485	79,535	40	20	20
Indian (India)	80	45	35	20	0	15	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	25	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	15	10	10	33,540	16,340	17,200	15	0	10
Québécois	15	10	10	15	15	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	20	15	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	25	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	25	20	0	25	10	10	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	10	10	0	0	0	66,400	31,740	34,655	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	30	20	15	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	15	10	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	15	15	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	30	10	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	20	0	10	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	15	10	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	0	15	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	10	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	90	55	35	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	130	65	65
Greek	20	20	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	0	10	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	10	10	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	65	30	35
Lebanese	60	25	40	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	55	40	15
Iranian	35	20	10	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	70	25	40
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	20	20	0
Hindu	20	15	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	30	15	15	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	30	25	10	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	15	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	25	10	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	15	15	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	50	35	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	35	30	10	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	90	45	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	0	15	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	55	45	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	20	20	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	25	10	15
Brazilian	15	0	10	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	25	20	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	35	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	60	25	35
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,000	1,095	905	425	220	205	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	870	445	425
Buddhist	20	10	15	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	585	305	280	265	145	120	969,945	451,410	518,540	460	200	260
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	105	50	55	20	15	10	116,635	55,545	61,090	70	35	35
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	15	10	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	380	205	180	220	115	100	675,695	314,690	361,010	215	100	120
Christian Orthodox	55	35	20	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	140	60	85
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	10	0	10	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	10	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0
Hindu	35	25	10	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0
Jewish	60	45	15	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	300	180	120	60	35	30	233,440	121,145	112,290	245	125	120
Sikh	0	0	0	15	10	10	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	995	530	465	65	25	35	590,140	310,985	279,165	155	110	50
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,985	1,085	905	425	215	205	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	850	425	425
Non-movers	1,335	735	600	390	205	190	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	805	410	400
Movers	655	355	305	35	15	15	255,365	129,500	125,865	55	20	30
Non-migrants	340	205	140	15	10	10	186,805	94,745	92,055	25	0	20
Migrants	320	150	170	20	10	10	68,560	34,750	33,810	30	20	10
Internal migrants	150	75	75	20	10	10	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	15	20	10	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	120	60	65	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	165	75	90	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,935	1,065	870	410	210	200	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	800	400	405
Non-movers	335	195	140	320	165	160	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	400	195	205
Movers	1,600	870	730	90	50	40	821,475	413,250	408,230	405	205	200
Non-migrants	335	180	160	35	20	15	433,700	216,030	217,670	195	105	80
Migrants	1,265	690	570	55	30	25	387,770	197,215	190,560	205	95	110
Internal migrants	530	275	255	30	15	15	190,035	93,955	96,075	50	15	35
Intraprovincial migrants	200	115	80	10	0	10	159,710	78,770	80,940	45	15	30
Interprovincial migrants	330	160	175	20	10	10	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	735	415	320	25	15	10	197,735	103,260	94,485	155	80	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,880	1,045	835	365	195	175	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	690	345	350
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	25	90	60	35	274,820	136,500	138,320	90	45	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,835	1,020	815	270	135	140	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	600	295	310
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,135	655	480	210	125	85	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	505	255	250
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	10	40	35	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	65	45	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,115	645	470	170	85	80	975,700	481,690	494,005	440	210	230
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,875	1,040	835	365	195	170	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	690	340	350
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	15	20	75	50	25	247,460	120,840	126,625	80	40	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	355	175	180	90	35	50	319,755	162,520	157,240	120	45	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,485	845	640	205	105	95	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	495	255	240
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	195	120	130	85	45	473,060	232,855	240,210	185	90	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	30	15	35	20	20	146,170	81,740	64,425	65	50	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	25	15	25	10	20	106,110	54,025	52,085	45	30	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	10	10	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	230	145	85	70	55	20	260,845	122,345	138,495	85	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	20	20	15	10	66,045	28,760	37,285	30	10	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,165	650	520	75	25	50	609,855	291,355	318,505	310	165	140
Bachelor's degree	655	360	295	50	15	35	344,605	160,320	184,285	195	100	90
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	55	10	0	10	58,945	27,280	31,665	40	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	55	25	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	10	0	10
Master's degree	295	165	130	0	0	0	159,510	78,325	81,190	70	40	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	35	10	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,140	660	485	210	125	85	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	505	260	245
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	30	30	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	50	35	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	50	35	35	15	20	162,205	88,420	73,785	40	15	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035	595	440	140	75	60	831,975	403,420	428,555	405	205	205
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	90	70	95	60	30	333,160	167,260	165,895	150	65	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	25	15	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	50	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	10	20	10	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	40	20	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	10	10	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	50	35	60	45	15	174,185	84,745	89,445	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	25	10	0	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	35	10	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	875	505	370	45	15	35	498,815	236,155	262,665	260	135	120
Bachelor's degree	415	230	180	30	0	25	276,640	128,890	147,745	155	85	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	30	50	0	0	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	35	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	50	15	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	290	165	120	0	0	0	137,150	66,720	70,430	60	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	25	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,880	1,040	840	370	195	170	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	690	345	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	395	195	200	165	85	80	567,220	283,355	283,860	200	85	110
Education	30	0	30	10	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	0	20
13. Education	30	0	30	10	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	65	50	10	10	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	35	40	10	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	10	0	10
Humanities	55	15	45	15	15	0	78,920	30,815	48,110	30	0	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	10	10	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	90	90	25	20	0	157,220	58,185	99,040	90	55	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	45	25	20	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	20	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	70	45	30	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	45	30	25
Business, management and public administration	380	220	155	50	10	40	248,895	110,950	137,945	100	55	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	370	220	150	50	10	35	237,125	108,040	129,090	100	55	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	85	55	0	0	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	35	10	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	40	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	15	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	105	45	0	0	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	50	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	90	35	0	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	40	15	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	145	50	45	35	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	105	85	20
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	20	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	150	130	15	10	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	60	50	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	10	10	20	20	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	225	110	115	20	0	20	122,295	30,795	91,495	35	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	25	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	165	65	100	15	0	15	109,185	24,140	85,045	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	25	15	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	10	0	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	20	20	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	26,800	9,745	17,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,140	655	480	205	120	85	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	505	255	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	105	60	45	70	45	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	95	55	40
Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	20	0	15
13. Education	25	0	25	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	60	40	0	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	30	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	10	0	10
Humanities	50	15	35	10	10	0	52,565	20,765	31,805	25	0	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	0	10	10	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	65	55	25	15	0	121,985	44,105	77,880	60	30	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	10	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	15	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	275	155	115	35	0	35	199,525	87,920	111,600	100	55	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	265	155	110	35	0	35	190,410	85,600	104,810	100	55	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	25	0	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	25	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	25	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	95	25	10	10	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	80	25	10	10	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	35	15	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	125	85	40	40	35	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	95	75	20
04. Architecture and related services	25	0	25	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	95	75	15	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	60	45	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	15	15	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	150	70	85	10	0	10	92,595	23,265	69,330	25	0	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	110	35	70	0	0	0	82,410	18,370	64,045	25	0	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	25	10	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	10	0	10	32,910	17,695	15,220	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,140	655	480	205	120	85	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	505	255	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105	60	45	70	45	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	95	55	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,035	595	440	140	75	65	831,975	403,415	428,560	410	200	210
Location of study inside Canada	590	345	245	100	55	45	598,455	286,340	312,115	215	100	115
Same as province or territory of residence	455	255	200	100	55	45	566,540	270,160	296,380	215	100	110
Different than province or territory of residence	135	85	45	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	445	250	195	40	20	15	233,520	117,075	116,445	190	105	85
Americas	65	35	25	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	10	0	0
United States of America	20	20	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	200	135	65	15	10	10	74,705	39,515	35,190	65	35	30
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	130	90	40	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	20	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	20	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	10	10	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	60	35	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	15	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	10	0	0
Asia	145	65	85	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	55	25	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	25	0	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	20	0	15
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	25	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	25	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	30	15	20	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,875	1,040	835	365	195	170	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	690	340	350
In the labour force	1,225	725	500	225	120	105	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	440	255	190
Employed	1,035	660	380	190	105	90	971,245	502,885	468,360	405	245	165
Unemployed	190	70	120	30	15	20	110,395	58,460	51,935	35	10	25
Not in the labour force	655	320	335	145	75	70	568,495	246,215	322,280	250	90	160
Participation rate	65.3	69.7	59.9	61.6	61.5	61.8	65.5	69.5	61.8	63.8	75.0	54.3
Employment rate	55.2	63.5	45.5	52.1	53.8	52.9	58.9	62.3	55.6	58.7	72.1	47.1
Unemployment rate	15.5	9.7	24.0	13.3	12.5	19.0	10.2	10.4	10.0	8.0	3.9	13.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,880	1,040	840	370	195	170	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	690	345	350
Did not work¹⁸⁶	765	390	375	155	75	75	582,470	253,075	329,400	235	70	160
Worked	1,115	650	465	215	115	100	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	455	265	190
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	545	330	220	80	50	35	529,400	287,950	241,450	190	115	80
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	570	325	245	135	70	65	538,265	266,540	271,725	265	155	110
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.5	39.0	37.9	35.0	37.6	32.4	39.7	40.2	39.3	37.9	39.6	35.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,225	725	500	225	115	105	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	255	185
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	220	115	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	255	175
Employee	960	555	405	175	85	90	907,745	457,830	449,915	370	200	170
Permanent position	600	330	270	150	75	75	741,830	380,445	361,385	300	175	125
Temporary position	360	225	135	25	10	15	165,915	77,385	88,530	65	25	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	200	145	60	0	0	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	40	20	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	160	80	75	25	10	15	96,225	46,100	50,120	30	0	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	190	140	50	45	30	10	142,380	88,145	54,230	60	55	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,225	725	500	225	115	105	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	255	185
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	220	115	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	255	175
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	30	10	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	225	115	110	50	15	40	207,660	79,975	127,685	85	55	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	220	170	55	15	15	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	60	40	20
3 Health occupations	90	45	40	0	0	0	85,545	21,700	63,845	25	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	165	75	90	15	10	10	140,500	46,385	94,115	55	10	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	90	55	0	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	210	130	80	80	40	40	263,055	135,300	127,750	115	55	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	35	0	35	30	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	70	70	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	15	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	15	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,225	725	500	225	115	105	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	255	185
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	30	50	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	1,150	695	450	220	115	105	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	255	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	55	25	35	20	0	15	86,535	58,295	28,235	65	35	25
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	10	10	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	35	30	0
44-45 Retail trade	95	55	35	30	15	15	111,555	56,180	55,375	25	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	10	15	10	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	40	35	0
51 Information and cultural industries	110	85	25	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	105	65	40	10	0	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	35	20	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	15	20	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	315	215	95	20	15	10	130,405	75,750	54,655	40	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	20	0	15	49,530	29,800	19,735	15	15	0
61 Educational services	125	50	75	10	0	10	95,290	34,510	60,780	20	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	110	65	50	25	10	15	142,545	36,095	106,450	60	25	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	10	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	40	20	25	10	0	10	59,510	32,125	27,380	20	0	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	20	0	20	10	10	43,990	17,935	26,050	15	10	0
91 Public administration	35	20	10	15	15	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	25	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,290	755	540	230	120	110	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	490	285	210
English	540	300	235	65	25	40	201,310	110,165	91,150	50	35	20
French	140	90	50	55	35	20	416,430	206,170	210,265	220	120	95
Non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	485	315	165	80	45	30	473,485	249,700	223,785	165	100	65
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	10	10	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	35	20	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,290	755	540	230	120	110	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	490	285	210
Single responses	1,105	640	470	185	95	90	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	435	250	180
Official languages	1,080	630	450	180	95	85	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	425	245	180
English	780	450	335	105	50	55	361,715	194,885	166,835	130	80	50
French	295	185	115	70	45	30	645,885	327,180	318,705	295	170	130
Non-official languages	25	10	20	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	20	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	10	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	115	75	45	25	20	126,180	65,940	60,240	60	35	25
English and French	135	95	40	40	20	20	116,535	60,925	55,605	45	25	20
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,290	755	540	230	120	110	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	490	285	210
None	850	500	350	150	75	75	743,180	381,875	361,305	335	195	140
English	160	100	65	15	10	0	219,885	116,455	103,430	70	40	25
French	225	135	90	40	20	15	149,470	78,495	70,975	60	30	25
Non-official language	55	25	35	15	10	15	16,645	8,685	7,960	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	35	15	10	15	16,555	8,655	7,900	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,040	655	380	190	100	90	971,245	502,885	468,360	410	245	160
Worked at home	545	325	215	40	15	25	298,820	151,335	147,485	105	55	55
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	50	50	0	15	10	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	60	45	15
Usual place of work	425	265	165	135	75	55	580,035	286,695	293,340	240	145	95
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	425	260	165	135	75	60	580,035	286,695	293,340	240	145	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	330	195	140	105	60	40	427,475	202,010	225,465	185	110	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	20	10	30	20	10	91,735	47,670	44,070	20	10	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	50	10	0	0	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	40	20	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	475	310	160	145	80	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	300	190	110
Car, truck or van	185	130	50	90	50	35	395,615	229,315	166,300	225	155	70
Car, truck or van - as a driver	160	130	35	75	50	30	365,770	218,475	147,295	220	155	65
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	20	0	15	10	0	10	29,845	10,845	19,005	0	0	0
Public transit	120	60	60	50	35	20	177,860	74,605	103,260	55	25	30
Walked	125	80	45	0	0	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	20	15	0
Bicycle	20	15	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	30	25	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	475	310	160	145	80	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	300	190	110
Less than 15 minutes	100	75	30	15	10	0	125,240	61,185	64,055	45	25	20
15 to 29 minutes	200	135	65	65	35	30	241,005	129,590	111,420	120	90	30
30 to 44 minutes	115	65	50	35	20	15	176,925	96,710	80,215	85	55	35
45 to 59 minutes	35	25	10	10	0	10	67,635	33,110	34,530	30	15	15
60 minutes and over	20	15	0	25	20	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	20	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	475	310	160	145	80	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	300	190	110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	20	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	30	15	20	10	10	95,270	56,280	38,990	65	40	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	145	95	45	40	25	15	166,695	79,410	87,280	80	45	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	150	95	60	30	10	20	149,185	68,865	80,320	65	30	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	70	25	25	20	0	106,855	50,615	56,240	35	25	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	10	0	0	112,350	65,830	46,520	50	40	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	155	70	85	70	35	35	371,310	189,920	181,390	175	95	80
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	30	35	40	20	20	109,065	56,315	52,750	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	50	35	10	15	262,245	133,605	128,640	165	90	70
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	85	25	50	50	25	25	264,905	135,505	129,395	115	60	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	20	25	25	15	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	5	0	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	25	30	15	10	67,535	34,945	32,590	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	5	30	20	5	15	182,020	92,755	89,270	105	60	45

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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