Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663455More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661270More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660958More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,704	...	...	624	...	...	527	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,646	...	...	346	...	...	254	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,453	...	...	268	...	...	237	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17,366.7	...	...	24,664.0	...	...	5,559.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.16	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,705	1,340	1,370	625	365	255	525	255	275
0 to 14 years	295	135	160	15	5	10	95	50	45
0 to 4 years	140	60	80	10	5	5	35	20	10
5 to 9 years	95	50	40	5	5	0	35	15	20
10 to 14 years	65	25	40	0	0	0	30	15	20
15 to 64 years	2,295	1,140	1,160	495	295	195	345	175	175
15 to 19 years	115	60	55	25	5	20	25	5	15
20 to 24 years	330	155	170	70	30	45	20	5	10
25 to 29 years	490	230	260	75	45	30	25	20	10
30 to 34 years	450	240	210	50	25	20	25	15	15
35 to 39 years	280	155	125	95	70	25	45	15	30
40 to 44 years	190	95	100	30	30	0	50	25	25
45 to 49 years	140	55	80	10	5	5	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	110	55	60	45	5	45	40	20	20
55 to 59 years	100	50	50	20	15	5	50	30	20
60 to 64 years	90	40	45	70	70	0	35	15	15
65 years and over	110	60	45	115	60	55	85	35	55
65 to 69 years	50	30	20	20	10	5	25	10	15
70 to 74 years	35	20	15	50	10	45	35	15	25
75 to 79 years	10	5	10	40	30	5	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	5	5	0	5	0	5
85 years and over	5	5	5	5	5	0	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.9	10.1	11.7	2.4	1.4	3.9	18.1	19.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	84.8	85.1	84.7	79.2	80.8	76.5	65.7	68.6	63.6
65 years and over	4.1	4.5	3.3	18.4	16.4	21.6	16.2	13.7	20.0
85 years and over	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.8	1.4	0.0	1.0	0.0	1.8
Average age of the population	33.2	33.6	32.8	44.4	46.6	41.2	41.4	39.6	43.0
Median age of the population	31.2	31.6	30.8	39.6	40.0	36.8	42.0	41.6	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,455	...	...	265	...	...	235	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	100	...	...	85	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,350	...	...	185	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,450	...	...	270	...	...	235	...	...
1 person	660	...	...	175	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	500	...	...	75	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	190	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,705	1,340	1,370	390	200	195	505	240	265
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,405	1,200	1,210	605	360	250	435	205	230
Married or living common-law	1,190	600	590	115	55	60	195	95	100
Married	850	430	425	70	30	35	135	65	65
Living common-law	340	170	170	50	25	20	65	30	35
Living common law - Never married	305	150	150	50	25	25	55	25	30
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	20	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,215	600	615	490	300	195	240	110	130
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,025	520	500	440	275	165	150	85	65
Not married and not living common law - Separated	40	25	15	10	10	0	10	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	125	50	80	20	15	5	50	15	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	20	25	5	20	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	665	...	...	60	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	400	...	...	55	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	665	...	...	65	...	...	120	...	...
Total couple families	570	...	...	55	...	...	95	...	...
Married couples	400	...	...	30	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	205	...	...	5	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	195	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	170	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	95	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
Total - Persons in census families	1,740	830	915	145	70	75	365	170	195
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,135	575	560	105	55	55	190	90	95
Parents in one-parent families	100	20	75	5	0	10	30	5	25
Children⁶	510	235	275	30	20	15	150	75	70
In a two-parent family	370	170	200	15	10	10	110	60	50
In a one-parent family	140	65	80	10	10	0	45	20	20
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	965	510	455	250	130	120	140	70	75
Living alone	655	355	300	175	105	65	105	45	60
Living with other relatives⁷	140	75	70	0	5	0	5	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	165	80	80	70	20	45	25	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,450	...	...	270	...	...	235	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	640	...	...	60	...	...	115	...	...
Couple-family households	550	...	...	50	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	230	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	325	...	...	40	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	90	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	655	...	...	175	...	...	105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,405	1,200	1,205	375	195	185	410	190	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,220	1,120	1,090	345	180	160	400	185	215
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	35,600	35,200	39,200	29,200	40,000	40,800	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,220	1,120	1,095	345	180	160	400	185	215
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,400	32,000	32,000	36,400	28,000	36,800	37,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,050	1,045	995	320	170	150	350	165	185
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,600	27,600	28,400	35,600	20,400	32,000	43,600	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,850	970	885	275	145	125	280	140	140
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	31,800	27,000	36,000	18,600	40,000	44,800	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,690	820	870	260	130	130	345	155	190
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,080	6,080	5,000	3,760	5,800	10,500	8,300	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	220	110	110	30	15	15	40	15	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,000	6,000	5,760	x	x	7,000	x	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	745	385	365	95	40	55	120	60	50
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,315	1,155	1,160	300	175	130	410	200	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,140	1,075	1,065	285	165	120	395	190	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,960	56,100	39,800	52,800	54,000	51,000	42,400	42,000	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,140	1,075	1,065	285	165	120	395	190	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,440	45,000	33,800	43,600	45,200	41,000	36,600	36,000	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,965	1,005	955	265	165	110	360	175	185
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,280	54,200	36,000	49,200	50,000	48,000	33,200	32,800	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,745	935	805	220	150	70	280	135	145
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,160	54,400	38,700	49,600	45,000	58,000	36,400	33,500	39,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,635	800	840	200	125	80	340	175	170
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,420	7,360	9,420	9,200	7,400	12,000	14,200	12,700	15,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	220	115	105	20	0	15	35	0	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,800	10,400	12,000	...	16,000	9,000	...	12,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	710	390	320	60	35	30	135	90	45
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,440	8,800	9,200	11,000	6,800	9,600	9,000	10,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,320	1,155	1,165	305	175	130	410	200	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	840	475	365	135	85	40	115	45	65
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	74,000	55,600	54,800	54,400	72,000	60,400	65,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,000	81,600	59,400	66,000	63,000	72,000	62,000	62,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	780	390	390	70	50	20	135	70	65
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	21,600	14,000	22,200	22,200	x	10,900	15,100	10,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,300	29,600	23,000	30,000	23,000	48,000	20,000	18,500	21,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.6	90.4	81.2	88.0	90.0	84.0	71.0	72.0	70.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	80.0	84.8	73.6	73.0	74.0	72.0	60.0	58.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.4	9.8	18.6	12.4	10.4	16.0	28.8	28.0	29.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.1	2.6	1.8	x	4.0	2.0	x	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.5	5.9	7.4	4.2	4.6	3.6	8.6	10.8	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.0	5.5	6.7	3.6	4.0	3.2	7.6	10.4	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,405	1,200	1,210	380	195	185	410	185	220
Without total income	190	75	110	35	10	20	15	5	5
With total income	2,215	1,125	1,095	340	180	165	395	185	210
Under $10,000 (including loss)	310	135	180	40	15	30	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	255	115	140	45	20	30	55	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	300	150	155	60	30	25	70	25	45
$30,000 to $39,999	270	125	145	50	25	25	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	215	95	120	40	20	20	45	10	30
$50,000 to $59,999	200	105	100	25	15	5	50	15	35
$60,000 to $69,999	150	75	75	10	5	10	40	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	110	55	55	10	5	10	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	120	75	45	10	0	5	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	80	50	25	15	15	0	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	200	145	55	35	20	10	25	15	10
$100,000 to $149,999	140	100	45	25	20	10	20	10	5
$150,000 and over	60	45	15	5	5	0	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,405	1,200	1,210	380	195	185	410	185	220
Without after-tax income	185	75	105	35	10	20	15	5	5
With after-tax income	2,220	1,125	1,100	340	180	165	395	185	210
Under $10,000 (including loss)	325	135	185	45	15	25	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	270	125	150	50	20	30	60	30	30
$20,000 to $29,999	345	170	180	65	35	25	80	30	50
$30,000 to $39,999	330	155	170	65	35	35	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	275	140	135	35	20	15	75	25	50
$50,000 to $59,999	205	100	105	25	15	10	45	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	185	100	80	10	5	5	35	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	105	70	40	25	15	5	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	65	45	15	5	5	0	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	40	25	15	10	5	5	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	75	50	20	10	5	0	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	40	20	20	5	0	0	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	30	30	0	5	0	0	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,405	1,200	1,210	380	195	185	410	185	220
Without employment income	555	230	325	100	50	55	125	45	80
With employment income	1,855	970	880	275	145	130	285	145	145
Under $5,000 (including loss)	255	115	140	40	20	25	40	20	20
$5,000 to $9,999	170	85	85	30	10	15	25	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	230	105	125	45	15	30	35	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	160	80	80	25	15	10	30	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	145	65	75	25	10	10	20	5	15
$40,000 to $49,999	165	80	85	20	20	5	30	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	150	75	75	10	5	5	35	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	120	65	55	10	5	0	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	110	50	60	10	5	10	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	105	75	30	5	0	0	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	60	40	25	15	15	0	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	185	130	50	30	20	10	20	15	5
$100,000 to $124,999	85	65	20	20	15	10	10	10	5
$125,000 and over	95	65	30	10	5	5	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,405	1,200	1,205	375	195	185	410	190	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,085	1,055	1,030	325	175	150	390	185	210
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	27,800	30,400	35,200	25,600	38,400	44,000	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,085	1,055	1,030	325	175	150	390	180	210
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	33,200	26,800	27,600	32,000	24,200	33,200	36,400	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,915	980	935	300	165	135	340	160	180
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,800	28,200	30,400	36,000	23,200	39,200	45,200	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,720	900	820	250	140	110	280	135	140
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	31,000	32,000	35,600	28,000	42,400	45,200	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,470	705	770	225	125	100	310	135	170
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,380	1,290	1,450	1,410	1,380	1,420	7,400	2,620	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	120	55	70	20	10	10	30	10	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,320	4,080	4,920	4,320	x	x	4,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,315	1,155	1,160	300	175	130	410	200	210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,975	995	970	275	165	105	390	185	205
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440	47,800	36,900	49,200	50,000	48,000	42,200	44,000	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,975	995	970	275	165	105	395	190	205
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,120	38,800	31,300	40,800	41,600	39,500	32,000	29,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,820	935	880	265	165	105	350	170	180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,760	49,000	36,200	47,200	48,400	45,000	39,200	42,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,615	865	745	225	145	80	275	140	140
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,080	49,500	37,800	45,200	43,000	49,000	38,800	36,000	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,400	675	730	195	120	75	295	135	165
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,216	2,795	5,530	5,320	4,200	7,200	9,800	7,800	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	135	65	70	20	0	0	35	20	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	5,200	8,000	5,600	...	...	7,600	7,000	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,320	1,155	1,165	305	175	130	410	200	210
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	785	445	335	140	85	50	115	45	65
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	59,600	46,400	47,200	52,000	46,800	58,000	58,000	59,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,000	69,200	55,000	57,000	58,000	54,000	60,000	60,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	650	335	310	65	50	15	130	75	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	24,400	18,000	30,400	23,600	x	17,400	16,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	31,800	27,400	34,000	22,000	70,000	28,000	27,000	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	96.0	88.8	92.0	94.0	88.0	82.0	88.0	78.0
Employment income (%)	85.2	90.0	78.8	75.0	74.0	76.0	66.0	62.0	70.0
Government transfers (%)	7.1	3.9	11.2	7.7	6.2	10.0	17.6	12.8	22.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6	0.8	x	x	1.4	1.2	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,450	...	...	270	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	44,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	39,600	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	655	...	...	175	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	39,200	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	35,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	795	...	...	95	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	55,200	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	54,400	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	60,000	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,500	...	...	49,200	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	655	...	...	195	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	53,600	...	...	46,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	44,000	...	...	38,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	745	...	...	55	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,800	...	...	80,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,400	...	...	66,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,455	...	...	270	...	...	235	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	25	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	360	...	...	40	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...	20	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	85	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,455	...	...	270	...	...	235	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	25	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	135	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	245	...	...	20	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	60	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	725	...	...	65	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...	40	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	65,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	60,400	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	x	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	x	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	x	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	x	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	820	440	385	240	130	115	130	60	70
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	39,200	38,000	31,600	37,600	21,600	44,400	46,800	43,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,600	33,600	30,400	33,200	21,000	37,600	38,800	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	670	...	...	40	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	110,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	315	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	...	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	x	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	...	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	...	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	820	410	410	230	140	90	140	60	80
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,500	50,400	40,400	46,800	51,000	40,000	48,000	50,000	47,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	41,000	34,200	38,800	43,000	32,000	40,000	40,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,705	1,340	1,365	395	205	190	505	240	265
0 to 17 years	360	165	190	20	10	10	110	55	55
0 to 5 years	155	70	85	10	5	10	35	25	15
18 to 64 years	2,240	1,110	1,130	325	165	160	310	155	155
65 years and over	110	60	45	45	30	20	80	35	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	705	340	365	125	55	70	65	25	40
0 to 17 years	100	45	55	0	0	0	15	5	15
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	570	280	290	115	45	70	35	15	15
65 years and over	40	20	25	10	10	5	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	26.2	25.7	26.6	32.5	28.0	37.0	12.4	10.0	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	27.6	27.0	29.0	x	x	x	16.0	10.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.0	28.0	24.0	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	25.3	25.2	25.6	35.5	29.0	42.0	11.0	10.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	38.0	32.0	44.0	20.0	30.0	x	14.0	x	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
0 to 17 years	355	165	195	15	10	5	115	55	60
0 to 5 years	155	70	85	15	5	5	40	20	15
18 to 64 years	2,235	1,110	1,130	330	165	165	310	150	160
65 years and over	110	60	45	50	25	20	85	30	50
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	525	260	265	110	40	70	45	20	25
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	0	0	0	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	420	210	210	110	40	70	20	10	10
65 years and over	25	10	15	5	0	0	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	19.3	19.4	19.2	28.4	21.0	36.0	8.4	8.0	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.0	22.0	20.0	x	x	x	8.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	17.0	18.0	16.0	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	18.8	19.0	18.6	33.0	24.0	42.0	7.6	7.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	20.0	28.0	10.0	x	x	12.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,705	1,340	1,370	390	200	195	505	240	265
In bottom half of the distribution	1,715	830	885	280	135	145	340	150	185
In bottom decile	655	315	340	125	50	75	65	30	35
In second decile	285	145	145	45	30	15	85	45	40
In third decile	220	110	110	50	25	25	65	30	40
In fourth decile	310	145	165	30	10	15	65	25	35
In fifth decile	245	120	125	25	15	10	60	20	35
In top half of the distribution	990	510	480	115	65	50	165	85	85
In sixth decile	240	115	125	20	10	10	35	15	15
In seventh decile	220	115	105	25	15	10	60	30	25
In eighth decile	195	95	100	30	20	10	40	20	25
In ninth decile	175	95	80	25	15	10	15	5	5
In top decile	155	90	70	10	5	5	25	15	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,705	...	...	390	...	...	505	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.392	...	...	0.420	...	...	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.477	...	...	0.524	...	...	0.462	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.351	...	...	0.372	...	...	0.262	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	10.3	...	...	9.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
English only	635	320	320	105	45	55	65	30	35
French only	235	85	145	30	20	15	120	50	70
English and French	1,750	895	855	250	135	115	310	150	160
Neither English nor French	85	35	45	0	5	0	15	10	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
English	1,150	570	580	205	95	110	150	80	75
French	1,045	520	525	155	85	65	290	120	170
English and French	430	210	215	30	20	15	50	30	25
Neither English nor French	85	35	45	0	5	0	15	10	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
Single responses	2,370	1,180	1,190	345	180	170	475	220	250
Official languages	1,115	575	540	205	105	105	320	150	175
English	400	210	195	95	45	55	90	50	45
French	710	370	345	110	60	50	230	95	130
Non-official languages	1,255	605	650	145	80	65	155	80	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,255	605	650	145	80	65	155	80	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	100	105	30	20	10	20	10	10
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	90	95	30	20	10	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	180	90	95	30	20	10	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	10	30	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	10	30	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	15	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	505	260	245	65	35	35	120	65	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	50	10	5	5	35	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	80	35	50	10	5	5	30	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0	5	5	0
Russian	65	20	45	5	0	0	15	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	85	70	20	10	10	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	80	45	30	10	5	5	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	40	35	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	75	40	35	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dari	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	70	35	35	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	130	110	30	15	15	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	60	35	25	10	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	45	25	20	5	0	5	5	5	5
Spanish	125	65	60	20	15	5	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	130	160	15	5	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages	285	130	160	15	5	5	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	240	110	130	10	5	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	20	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	335	155	180	45	25	25	30	15	15
English and French	80	40	35	15	10	5	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	115	55	65	15	10	5	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	85	35	50	5	5	5	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
English	450	220	235	110	55	60	90	40	50
French	570	290	280	100	60	45	205	85	120
Non-official language	455	220	240	20	10	10	50	30	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	455	220	240	20	10	10	50	30	25
English and French	265	150	115	45	25	20	35	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	425	200	220	60	25	35	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	175	80	95	10	5	5	45	20	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	325	160	160	45	25	20	45	20	25
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	15	0	0	0	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,705	1,335	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
Single responses	2,360	1,160	1,205	345	180	170	480	225	255
Official languages	1,555	775	780	295	155	145	380	170	205
English	765	375	390	170	80	90	125	60	60
French	790	395	390	130	75	55	255	105	145
Non-official languages	810	385	420	50	25	30	100	55	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	810	385	420	50	25	30	100	55	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	45	50	10	5	0	5	5	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	40	55	10	5	0	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	40	55	10	5	0	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15	5	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	295	155	145	25	15	15	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	5	0	0	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	40	20	20	5	0	0	25	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	10	5	0	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0	0	5	15	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	25	5	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	55	25	25	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	50	25	25	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	85	80	15	10	10	30	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	30	20	5	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	25	15	15	0	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	90	40	45	10	5	5	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	110	125	5	0	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages	230	110	125	5	0	5	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	90	105	5	0	5	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	340	175	165	45	20	25	25	10	10
English and French	110	60	45	15	10	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	115	55	60	25	10	15	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,705	1,340	1,370	390	200	190	505	235	265
None	1,725	855	870	265	140	125	365	175	195
English	275	140	140	25	10	10	20	15	10
French	170	85	90	30	15	15	30	15	15
Non-official language	260	120	135	30	10	15	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	260	120	135	30	10	15	45	20	25
English and French	60	30	30	10	5	10	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	10	10	5	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	80	40	35	10	10	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	10	5	5	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,560	1,280	1,275	325	190	140	485	230	255
Official languages	2,490	1,245	1,245	325	190	140	470	215	255
English	2,230	1,175	1,060	305	175	130	365	180	185
French	1,950	940	1,010	250	155	85	405	180	230
Non-official languages	1,730	870	865	165	90	80	210	100	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,730	870	865	165	90	80	210	100	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	395	185	205	25	15	10	30	20	15
Berber languages	45	20	25	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	45	20	25	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	370	185	185	25	15	10	30	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	370	180	185	25	15	10	30	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	40	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	10	40	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	100	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	60	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	730	395	335	105	50	50	160	80	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	55	15	0	10	75	40	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	40	55	15	0	10	75	40	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Russian	95	40	55	10	0	10	35	20	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	100	100	25	15	10	20	0	15
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	60	15	0	10	15	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	85	30	55	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	35	45	15	10	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	80	35	45	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	80	35	45	15	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	450	260	190	60	30	30	80	50	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	30	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	65	40	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	80	50	25	0	0	0	40	30	15
Spanish	290	165	130	50	30	25	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	115	60	55	0	0	0	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	155	170	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	330	155	170	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	310	145	165	15	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	190	140	485	230	255
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	185	140	465	220	240
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	190	140	485	230	255
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	185	140	475	220	255
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
Owner	580	...	...	45	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	815	...	...	205	...	...	175	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
Condominium	1,275	...	...	55	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	120	...	...	195	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	680	...	...	145	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	600	...	...	55	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	100	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,250	...	...	230	...	...	150	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	10	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,345	...	...	245	...	...	230	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
Suitable	1,280	...	...	245	...	...	230	...	...
Not suitable	115	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	30	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	25	...	...	130	...	...	115	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	0	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	45	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	580	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	685	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,350	...	...	230	...	...	220	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
One-maintainer household	915	...	...	200	...	...	155	...	...
Two-maintainer household	465	...	...	50	...	...	80	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	550	...	...	70	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	320	...	...	65	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	140	...	...	30	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	30	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,350	...	...	245	...	...	235	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	820	...	...	160	...	...	195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	530	...	...	85	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	385	...	...	60	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,395	...	...	250	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	630	...	...	100	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	470	...	...	75	...	...	35	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	765	...	...	150	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,210	...	...	215	...	...	235	...	...
In core need	90	...	...	15	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	1,120	...	...	200	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	585	...	...	50	...	...	65	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	80.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	69.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.9	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...	800	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,640	...	...	1,950	...	...	1,320	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	412,000	...	...	840,000	...	...	640,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	810	...	...	200	...	...	170	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.2	...	...	37.5	...	...	17.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.9	...	...	8.6	...	...	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,450	...	...	970	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,412	...	...	1,010	...	...	910	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,555	1,280	1,280	330	190	135	480	225	255
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,555	1,280	1,280	320	185	135	470	225	250
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,555	1,280	1,275	330	190	135	480	225	255
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,535	760	775	235	145	90	430	200	225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	220	130	95	20	15	10	85	40	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,315	630	680	210	125	75	345	160	185
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,020	520	505	95	50	50	55	30	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,555	1,280	1,275	330	190	135	480	225	255
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	780	425	355	160	95	65	305	150	160
Immigrants⁸¹	1,165	520	645	90	55	30	160	70	90
Before 1980	30	0	20	0	0	0	15	0	10
1980 to 1990	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	185	75	110	25	20	0	25	15	10
2001 to 2010	275	130	145	30	25	0	85	40	45
2011 to 2021⁸²	585	270	315	30	15	15	35	15	20
2011 to 2015	280	120	160	0	0	0	10	0	0
2016 to 2021	305	145	155	25	10	15	30	10	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	615	335	280	80	40	35	20	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,165	520	645	90	55	30	160	65	90
Under 5 years	60	10	50	0	0	0	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	205	75	125	0	0	0	25	20	10
15 to 24 years	185	100	80	20	15	0	25	10	20
25 to 44 years	595	265	325	60	35	30	90	30	60
45 years and over	120	65	60	0	0	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,165	520	645	90	55	30	160	65	90
Americas	110	45	70	15	15	0	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	215	95	115	25	15	10	90	40	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	70	25	40	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	20	40	0	0	0	55	30	25
Africa	275	140	140	15	0	10	40	15	25
Algeria	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	0	30	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	170	105	70	10	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	565	230	330	30	15	10	25	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	30	10	20	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	80	25	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	30	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	220	90	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	20	35	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	300	145	160	20	10	15	30	10	15
Americas	40	15	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	140	60	80	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	190	140	485	230	255
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,780	855	925	190	105	85	185	80	100
Second generation¹⁰¹	420	220	200	45	20	25	125	75	50
Third generation or more¹⁰²	355	200	155	95	60	30	175	70	100
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,140	510	620	85	60	25	145	65	80
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	875	425	450	75	50	25	110	50	65
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	465	290	175	50	30	20	50	20	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	140	275	20	20	0	60	30	30
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	185	45	135	0	0	0	25	10	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	40	40	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,140	510	620	85	60	25	145	65	80
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	10	20	0	0	0	10	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	40	35	10	0	0	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	30	25	15	0	10	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	145	65	85	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	825	370	455	45	35	15	120	55	70
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	190	140	485	230	255
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,670	790	885	125	70	55	115	40	75
South Asian	235	130	105	15	0	10	20	0	15
Chinese	335	150	185	15	0	10	0	0	0
Black	345	160	190	0	0	0	35	10	30
Filipino	90	35	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	280	125	150	35	25	10	35	15	20
Latin American	140	70	70	20	20	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	100	30	65	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	65	30	35	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	885	490	395	205	115	85	370	190	180
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,560	1,280	1,275	330	195	135	480	230	255
Canadian	90	50	45	25	10	10	120	60	60
English	45	15	30	20	15	0	0	0	0
Irish	60	35	25	25	20	0	25	0	15
Scottish	30	15	15	25	15	15	15	0	15
French, n.o.s.¹²²	280	150	130	80	55	25	60	20	35
German	20	15	10	10	0	10	10	0	0
Chinese	345	160	190	20	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	40	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indian (India)	150	75	85	20	0	10	20	10	15
Ukrainian	30	10	20	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	25	20	15	10	45	30	25
Québécois	60	30	25	20	15	10	15	0	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	30	20	15	0	0	0	10	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	10	15	15	0	10	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	95	50	45	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
American	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	15	15	0	0	0	40	10	25
Jewish	45	30	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	10	35	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	75	50	20	20	10	10	10	0	10
Greek	25	20	10	25	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	65	50	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	65	30	35	10	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindu	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	30	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	15	10	20	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	30	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	35	15	20	0	0	0	40	30	15
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,560	1,275	1,280	325	190	140	485	230	255
Buddhist	45	10	35	15	10	0	0	0	0
Christian	885	430	460	120	70	55	245	115	125
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	165	70	95	10	0	0	30	15	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	515	250	265	85	45	35	160	75	85
Christian Orthodox	120	70	45	25	10	10	35	25	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	140	75	70	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	375	200	180	20	15	0	75	30	50
Sikh	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	975	500	475	155	90	65	155	80	80
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,540	1,265	1,275	330	190	135	480	225	250
Non-movers	1,760	880	875	255	150	110	450	210	240
Movers	780	380	395	70	40	30	30	20	15
Non-migrants	485	240	245	40	30	15	20	15	0
Migrants	290	145	150	30	15	10	10	0	0
Internal migrants	110	65	40	10	0	0	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	45	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	60	40	25	10	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	185	75	105	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,450	1,225	1,225	315	180	135	460	215	245
Non-movers	575	295	285	70	45	25	265	120	140
Movers	1,875	930	945	240	130	105	195	95	100
Non-migrants	760	375	380	95	75	25	125	55	70
Migrants	1,115	555	565	145	55	85	70	35	35
Internal migrants	460	210	245	60	20	40	35	15	15
Intraprovincial migrants	345	155	185	35	15	20	35	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	120	60	60	25	10	15	0	0	0
External migrants	655	340	320	75	35	50	40	15	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,320	1,155	1,165	300	175	130	410	200	210
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	115	50	65	0	0	0	70	30	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,205	1,105	1,095	300	175	130	340	175	165
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,730	860	870	220	135	85	280	140	145
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	15	35	0	0	0	40	15	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,675	845	835	220	135	85	245	125	120
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,315	1,155	1,160	305	180	125	405	200	215
No certificate, diploma or degree	115	50	60	0	0	0	55	20	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	355	150	200	35	20	15	90	40	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	955	900	265	155	115	260	135	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	225	245	40	25	10	160	90	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	25	25	0	0	0	50	30	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	25	0	0	0	35	25	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	330	175	155	30	20	10	95	55	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	25	55	0	0	0	15	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,385	730	660	230	130	95	100	45	60
Bachelor's degree	740	375	365	95	40	55	85	45	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	30	70	10	10	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	20	10	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	430	260	165	90	60	25	10	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	50	40	20	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,730	860	870	220	140	80	280	140	140
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	15	35	0	0	0	25	10	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	150	60	90	10	10	0	45	25	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,530	785	745	210	135	80	205	105	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	145	160	15	15	0	115	65	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	25	25	0	0	0	45	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	20	20	0	0	0	40	20	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	190	95	90	15	10	0	55	35	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	25	45	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,230	635	590	190	115	75	95	35	60
Bachelor's degree	630	315	315	65	35	35	80	35	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	20	75	10	10	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	15	10	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	395	240	155	80	50	25	10	0	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	45	35	20	10	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,320	1,155	1,165	305	175	125	410	195	215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	465	205	260	40	20	20	150	60	90
Education	55	15	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
13. Education	55	15	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	25	45	20	15	10	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	35	20	15	10	10	0	10
Humanities	75	15	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	100	125	40	20	15	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	10	0	0	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	85	70	20	15	10	0	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	420	190	230	60	35	25	75	30	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	395	190	205	60	35	25	75	30	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	95	60	50	15	35	15	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	35	30	30	10	20	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	50	15	20	0	15	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	140	40	20	15	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	135	40	20	15	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	420	300	120	40	40	0	70	50	25
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	355	250	105	30	30	0	20	0	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	30	0	10	10	0	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	200	40	160	30	15	15	25	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	175	30	145	15	10	0	25	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	20	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,730	860	870	220	135	80	280	135	145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	200	75	125	10	10	0	70	35	40
Education	55	15	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
13. Education	55	15	35	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	30	15	0	10	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	25	15	0	10	10	0	0
Humanities	45	0	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	95	100	30	20	10	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	20	10	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	70	60	10	15	10	0	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	365	160	205	50	30	20	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	345	160	185	50	30	20	60	25	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	65	40	35	15	25	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	30	25	30	10	15	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	15	10	0	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	120	35	15	0	10	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	120	30	15	0	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	365	255	105	35	35	0	55	35	20
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	305	210	90	30	30	0	20	0	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	30	0	0	0	0	20	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	175	35	140	30	20	10	25	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	160	30	125	10	10	0	25	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	20	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,730	860	870	220	135	80	280	135	145
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200	75	125	10	10	0	70	35	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,530	780	745	210	130	75	210	100	105
Location of study inside Canada	875	440	430	150	105	45	150	85	65
Same as province or territory of residence	815	405	405	120	80	35	150	85	65
Different than province or territory of residence	65	35	25	30	15	10	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	655	340	315	60	30	30	60	20	40
Americas	110	60	45	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States of America	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	30	25	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	215	140	80	35	15	15	40	15	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	140	90	50	30	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	85	40	45	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	245	105	145	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,315	1,155	1,160	305	180	130	405	200	215
In the labour force	1,790	955	840	220	140	75	245	125	115
Employed	1,560	860	700	200	130	70	210	100	110
Unemployed	230	95	135	20	10	15	35	30	0
Not in the labour force	530	200	330	85	35	50	165	70	100
Participation rate	77.3	82.7	72.4	72.1	77.8	57.7	60.5	62.5	53.5
Employment rate	67.4	74.5	60.3	65.6	72.2	53.8	51.9	50.0	51.2
Unemployment rate	12.8	9.9	16.1	9.1	7.1	20.0	14.3	24.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,320	1,155	1,165	305	175	125	410	195	215
Did not work¹⁸⁶	595	240	350	85	30	55	145	65	75
Worked	1,725	920	805	220	150	70	265	130	135
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	890	510	385	140	90	50	110	45	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	835	410	425	75	55	20	155	85	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	41.5	37.0	42.6	41.2	46.0	35.2	32.8	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,790	955	835	220	140	80	240	130	115
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45	10	0	10	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,710	920	790	210	140	70	240	130	115
Employee	1,540	825	715	180	120	65	210	100	105
Permanent position	1,175	625	550	135	90	45	160	80	80
Temporary position	360	205	160	50	30	20	50	20	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	155	85	70	30	10	20	10	0	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	205	115	95	20	20	0	35	20	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	170	90	75	30	20	10	35	30	0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,790	955	835	220	140	80	240	130	115
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45	10	0	10	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,710	920	790	210	140	70	240	130	115
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	15	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	305	120	185	25	10	15	55	20	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	330	125	70	55	20	25	15	0
3 Health occupations	155	40	115	20	15	10	20	10	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	215	80	135	45	30	15	20	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	50	40	25	20	0	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	310	160	150	10	10	0	65	35	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	80	80	0	0	0	0	55	50	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,790	955	835	220	140	80	240	130	115
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45	10	0	10	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,710	920	790	210	140	70	240	130	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	30	25	10	0	0	0	20	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	150	90	65	20	10	10	20	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	50	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	135	45	95	0	0	0	30	10	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	85	65	20	0	0	0	20	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	70	50	20	0	0	0	15	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	130	55	75	15	0	15	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	415	270	145	50	40	15	35	25	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	50	35	10	0	10	10	10	0
61 Educational services	160	80	80	50	40	15	15	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	185	45	135	35	25	15	25	10	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	50	35	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	10	40	0	0	0	25	10	10
91 Public administration	45	20	25	0	0	0	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,870	990	880	235	155	80	275	140	140
English	590	330	265	90	60	30	50	30	20
French	370	185	190	50	40	10	90	30	60
Non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	790	415	380	90	55	35	140	75	60
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	40	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,870	990	880	235	155	80	275	140	140
Single responses	1,590	850	740	225	150	75	250	120	125
Official languages	1,565	840	725	225	150	75	250	120	125
English	915	530	385	155	90	65	85	55	30
French	645	310	335	70	60	10	160	65	100
Non-official languages	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	140	135	10	0	0	25	15	15
English and French	255	135	125	10	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,870	990	880	235	155	80	275	140	140
None	1,245	655	590	150	110	45	165	75	90
English	275	125	150	20	20	0	75	35	40
French	280	165	110	60	30	30	40	25	10
Non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,560	860	700	200	130	70	210	95	110
Worked at home	755	455	295	120	80	45	50	15	30
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	75	50	25	0	0	0	30	20	10
Usual place of work	715	335	380	75	55	20	135	65	75
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	715	335	380	80	55	25	135	65	70
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	570	250	320	70	55	15	120	60	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	85	45	35	0	0	0	15	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	35	25	10	0	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	785	385	400	80	55	25	165	85	85
Car, truck or van	385	225	160	25	15	10	120	65	45
Car, truck or van - as a driver	360	220	140	25	15	10	120	65	45
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Public transit	300	120	180	20	15	0	35	15	20
Walked	75	25	50	25	15	10	10	0	10
Bicycle	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	785	385	400	80	55	25	165	85	85
Less than 15 minutes	115	55	65	35	20	10	55	20	35
15 to 29 minutes	335	175	160	15	15	0	30	20	10
30 to 44 minutes	195	100	95	20	0	10	30	20	10
45 to 59 minutes	95	40	55	0	0	0	25	15	15
60 minutes and over	45	20	30	0	0	0	25	10	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	785	385	400	80	55	25	165	85	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	10	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	55	55	0	0	0	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	230	110	115	35	20	15	35	15	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	190	100	90	20	10	10	30	20	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	125	40	85	10	10	0	20	0	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	120	70	50	15	15	0	50	30	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	370	170	200	20	10	10	115	60	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	50	55	0	0	0	25	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	120	140	20	10	10	95	40	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	220	105	110	5	5	0	80	35	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	40	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	35	35	0	0	0	15	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	65	75	5	5	0	65	25	35

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not applicable
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suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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