Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663416More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,581	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	629	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	604	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,593.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,585	745	835
0 to 14 years	320	165	155
0 to 4 years	90	60	30
5 to 9 years	95	45	45
10 to 14 years	140	60	80
15 to 64 years	1,120	515	605
15 to 19 years	120	50	70
20 to 24 years	70	35	35
25 to 29 years	55	30	30
30 to 34 years	105	45	55
35 to 39 years	145	70	75
40 to 44 years	140	55	80
45 to 49 years	155	80	80
50 to 54 years	130	65	70
55 to 59 years	105	45	60
60 to 64 years	90	40	50
65 years and over	140	65	80
65 to 69 years	50	25	20
70 to 74 years	30	15	20
75 to 79 years	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	20	5	10
85 years and over	15	5	15
85 to 89 years	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.2	22.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	70.7	69.1	72.5
65 years and over	8.8	8.7	9.6
85 years and over	0.9	0.7	1.8
Average age of the population	37.5	36.8	38.2
Median age of the population	39.2	39.2	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	605	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...
Row house	215	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	265	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	605	...	...
1 person	145	...	...
2 persons	165	...	...
3 persons	130	...	...
4 persons	115	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,580	745	835
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,265	580	680
Married or living common-law	775	385	390
Married	670	330	335
Living common-law	110	55	50
Living common law - Never married	80	45	40
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	25	10	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	485	195	295
Not married and not living common law - Never married	335	155	185
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	90	30	60
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	40	5	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	455	...	...
2 persons	175	...	...
3 persons	125	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	455	...	...
Total couple families	385	...	...
Married couples	330	...	...
With children⁶	225	...	...
Without children	100	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...
Without children	35	...	...
Total one-parent families	75	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	65	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,580	745	835
Total - Persons in census families	1,390	670	725
Married spouses or common-law partners	765	385	375
Parents in one-parent families	75	10	60
Children⁶	555	275	280
In a two-parent family	440	230	215
In a one-parent family	110	45	70
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	185	75	110
Living alone	145	60	85
Living with other relatives⁷	25	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	15	10	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	605	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	420	...	...
Couple-family households	360	...	...
With children⁶	240	...	...
Without children	120	...	...
One-parent-family households	60	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...
One-person households	145	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,260	580	680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,200	550	645
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	56,800	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,200	550	645
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	47,600	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,080	510	570
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	57,200	39,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	910	445	465
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	65,000	46,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	880	345	535
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,150	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	40	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	185	220
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,270	575	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,205	545	660
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,200	74,000	54,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,205	545	660
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,900	56,800	44,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,135	525	610
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,700	69,600	49,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	960	465	490
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,200	71,600	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	905	340	570
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,520	9,880	10,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	105	35	70
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,800	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	225
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,520	9,500	9,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,270	575	690
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	530	255	280
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	85,000	94,000	72,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	91,200	101,000	82,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	350	165	185
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	38,000	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,600	42,800	23,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.6	92.0	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.6	83.0	75.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.5	8.3	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.5	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	5.1	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	4.9	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,265	580	680
Without total income	65	30	35
With total income	1,200	550	645
Under $10,000 (including loss)	145	55	90
$10,000 to $19,999	120	45	75
$20,000 to $29,999	145	70	75
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	65
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	55
$50,000 to $59,999	105	40	60
$60,000 to $69,999	70	35	35
$70,000 to $79,999	55	20	35
$80,000 to $89,999	75	40	35
$90,000 to $99,999	45	20	25
$100,000 and over	245	155	95
$100,000 to $149,999	165	100	70
$150,000 and over	80	55	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,265	580	680
Without after-tax income	65	30	35
With after-tax income	1,200	550	645
Under $10,000 (including loss)	150	55	90
$10,000 to $19,999	130	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	160	75	85
$30,000 to $39,999	110	50	65
$40,000 to $49,999	140	60	85
$50,000 to $59,999	100	40	55
$60,000 to $69,999	100	45	50
$70,000 to $79,999	75	35	45
$80,000 to $89,999	70	40	35
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20
$100,000 and over	100	65	40
$100,000 to $124,999	45	30	20
$125,000 and over	50	35	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,265	580	680
Without employment income	350	135	215
With employment income	910	450	465
Under $5,000 (including loss)	120	55	60
$5,000 to $9,999	80	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	70	30	45
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	55	20	35
$40,000 to $49,999	65	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	40
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	50	20	35
$80,000 to $89,999	60	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	40	20	25
$100,000 and over	215	140	80
$100,000 to $124,999	95	65	35
$125,000 and over	115	75	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,260	580	680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,160	535	625
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	57,200	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,160	535	625
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	48,000	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,080	515	570
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	58,000	41,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	935	455	480
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	60,000	45,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	775	295	480
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,480	1,980	5,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	75	30	45
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	4,080	8,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,270	575	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,175	530	640
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,400	74,000	52,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,175	530	640
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,300	57,000	42,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,125	515	610
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,600	74,000	49,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	980	475	505
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,200	69,200	53,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	790	300	490
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,230	4,160	7,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50	20	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	5,000	16,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,270	575	690
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	535	255	275
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	85,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,400	96,000	78,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	310	160	145
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,800	36,400	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,200	46,000	32,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.2	97.0	89.0
Employment income (%)	82.0	84.0	80.0
Government transfers (%)	6.8	3.2	10.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	605	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	460	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	600	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	465	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	144,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	605	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	605	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	260	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	65	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	450	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	160	70	90
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,600	67,500	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	52,800	46,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	460	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	150	60	85
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	69,000	80,000	62,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,000	58,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,585	750	835
0 to 17 years	385	190	195
0 to 5 years	110	70	40
18 to 64 years	1,050	490	565
65 years and over	140	65	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	150	65	90
0 to 17 years	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	80	35	45
65 years and over	35	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	8.8	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	8.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	6.8	8.4
65 years and over (%)	26.0	20.0	32.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,580	745	835
0 to 17 years	390	195	195
0 to 5 years	105	70	35
18 to 64 years	1,055	485	565
65 years and over	145	65	75
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	80	30	45
0 to 17 years	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	55	20	30
65 years and over	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	4.4	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.5	5.0	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.8	5.6
65 years and over (%)	4.0	x	6.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,585	745	835
In bottom half of the distribution	650	285	370
In bottom decile	115	45	65
In second decile	155	60	95
In third decile	120	55	70
In fourth decile	130	60	70
In fifth decile	130	65	65
In top half of the distribution	930	460	470
In sixth decile	130	60	75
In seventh decile	145	80	70
In eighth decile	205	95	110
In ninth decile	225	105	115
In top decile	225	120	105
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,580	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.340	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.427	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,580	745	835
English only	275	145	130
French only	130	55	80
English and French	1,120	525	600
Neither English nor French	50	25	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,580	745	835
English	680	340	340
French	580	265	315
English and French	270	125	150
Neither English nor French	50	20	25
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,580	745	835
Single responses	1,455	680	775
Official languages	680	345	330
English	280	155	120
French	405	190	210
Non-official languages	770	335	440
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	770	335	440
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	75	95
Berber languages	10	5	5
Kabyle	10	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	70	90
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	155	70	85
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	135	185
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	25	5	15
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	35
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10
Russian	35	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	25	5	20
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10
Hindi	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	80	90
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	35	15	20
Spanish	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	100	130
Chinese languages	230	100	130
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	75	90
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	20	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0
Lao	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	65	60
English and French	40	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,580	745	835
English	320	160	160
French	285	135	150
Non-official language	275	120	155
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	275	120	155
English and French	165	85	75
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	95
French and non-official language(s)	125	55	70
English, French and non-official language(s)	225	95	130
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,580	745	835
Single responses	1,400	675	725
Official languages	920	455	465
English	495	250	240
French	425	205	225
Non-official languages	475	220	255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	475	220	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	45	60
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	45	60
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	100	45	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	80	90
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	25	15	10
Spanish	65	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	85	90
Chinese languages	170	85	90
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	135	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	75	110
English and French	50	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	55	20	40
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,580	745	835
None	995	470	530
English	150	70	85
French	135	70	70
Non-official language	140	60	80
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	60	80
English and French	60	35	30
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,605	745	860
Official languages	1,555	715	840
English	1,425	675	750
French	1,225	540	685
Non-official languages	1,110	485	625
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,110	485	625
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	110	125
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	230	105	120
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	205	100	105
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	20
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	205	290
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	0
Russian	25	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10
German	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	90	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages	65	15	45
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	20
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	30	10	20
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	310	130	175
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	100	50	50
Portuguese	15	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15
Spanish	190	75	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	350	155	190
Chinese languages	350	155	190
Hakka	10	10	0
Mandarin	295	140	155
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,605	750	860
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,605	750	860
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,605	750	860
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,605	750	860
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	605	...	...
Owner	520	...	...
Renter	85	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	605	...	...
Condominium	345	...	...
Not condominium	255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	605	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	605	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	240	...	...
5 rooms	145	...	...
6 rooms	75	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	70	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	605	...	...
One person or fewer per room	580	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	605	...	...
Suitable	570	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	605	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	135	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...
2011 to 2015	145	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	605	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	595	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	605	...	...
One-maintainer household	265	...	...
Two-maintainer household	320	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	605	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	80	...	...
35 to 44 years	165	...	...
45 to 54 years	185	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	590	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	470	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	120	...	...
30% to less than 100%	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	605	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	110	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	455	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	560	...	...
In core need	0	...	...
Not in core need	550	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	614,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	56.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,605	745	855
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,605	745	855
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,605	745	860
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,365	640	725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	340	180	165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,020	465	560
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	240	105	130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,605	745	860
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	830	400	430
Immigrants⁸¹	755	335	420
Before 1980	65	30	30
1980 to 1990	80	40	35
1991 to 2000	125	60	70
2001 to 2010	245	95	145
2011 to 2021⁸²	240	105	135
2011 to 2015	100	50	45
2016 to 2021	140	60	85
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	755	335	415
Under 5 years	65	45	15
5 to 14 years	140	60	80
15 to 24 years	80	25	50
25 to 44 years	395	165	230
45 years and over	75	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	755	335	415
Americas	110	45	70
Brazil	15	10	10
Colombia	25	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15
Peru	15	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15
Europe	60	35	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0
Greece	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	130	45	80
Algeria	40	15	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	60	20	40
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10
Asia	450	210	240
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	25	0
Syria⁸⁹	85	40	45
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	180	80	100
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	20
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0
Philippines	15	0	15
Viet Nam	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	55	85
Americas	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	100	35	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	65	25	45
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,605	745	860
First generation¹⁰⁰	790	355	435
Second generation¹⁰¹	500	240	260
Third generation or more¹⁰²	320	150	165
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	690	305	385
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	475	225	255
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	210	110	100
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	270	120	150
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	75	20	50
Refugees¹⁰⁸	140	55	85
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	690	305	385
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	0	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	25	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	10	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	25	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	515	235	285
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,605	745	860
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	765	335	430
South Asian	50	15	35
Chinese	345	150	190
Black	30	10	20
Filipino	30	10	20
Arab	140	70	70
Latin American	120	40	80
Southeast Asian	10	0	0
West Asian	35	15	20
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	15	15	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	835	405	430
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,605	745	860
Canadian	135	60	80
English	0	0	0
Irish	40	15	30
Scottish	25	0	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	80	40	35
German	30	20	0
Chinese	330	150	180
Italian	185	90	90
Indian (India)	30	10	15
Ukrainian	20	0	15
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10
Québécois	10	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	30	15	15
French Canadian	30	15	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	0	20
Russian	25	15	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	0	0	0
Spanish	30	0	30
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	40	15	20
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	15	30
Greek	140	80	55
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	50	30	20
Lebanese	35	30	10
Iranian	45	20	30
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	35	15	15
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	10	25
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	10
Moroccan	85	25	65
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	70	30	40
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	30	10	15
Brazilian	20	10	15
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	45	30	15
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	10	10
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	15	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	10
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,610	750	860
Buddhist	20	0	10
Christian	755	375	385
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	100	60	45
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	10	0	10
Baptist	30	10	25
Catholic	440	210	220
Christian Orthodox	155	80	75
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0
Hindu	15	10	15
Jewish	125	55	75
Muslim	185	75	115
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	480	220	255
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,590	745	850
Non-movers	1,430	680	750
Movers	165	60	100
Non-migrants	130	45	80
Migrants	35	15	20
Internal migrants	10	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	25	10	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,515	685	830
Non-movers	860	395	465
Movers	655	290	365
Non-migrants	445	215	230
Migrants	215	75	140
Internal migrants	105	40	65
Intraprovincial migrants	75	20	55
Interprovincial migrants	35	20	15
External migrants	105	35	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,270	575	690
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	65	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,165	515	650
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	975	455	520
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	25	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	940	425	510
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,270	580	690
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	50	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	215	90	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	955	435	520
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	110	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	195	65	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	655	320	335
Bachelor's degree	410	190	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	10	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0
Master's degree	135	75	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	980	455	525
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	45	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	840	390	450
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	90	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	150	60	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	15	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	625	295	330
Bachelor's degree	390	180	215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0
Master's degree	130	75	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,270	580	695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	315	140	175
Education	25	0	25
13. Education	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	25
Humanities	20	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	50	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	10
45. Social sciences	60	25	35
Business, management and public administration	320	140	180
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	315	140	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	40	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	100	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	125	80	45
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	125	35	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	110	30	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	975	455	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	135	70	70
Education	20	0	20
13. Education	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	25
Humanities	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	45	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	40	20	20
Business, management and public administration	300	130	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	295	130	160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	30	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	15
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	155	95	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10
14. Engineering	125	75	45
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	95	30	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	30	70
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	975	455	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	70	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	840	385	455
Location of study inside Canada	535	265	270
Same as province or territory of residence	495	240	250
Different than province or territory of residence	45	30	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	305	120	185
Americas	90	30	60
United States of America	20	0	15
Mexico	20	10	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	15	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	155	60	90
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	10
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	85	30	55
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,270	575	690
In the labour force	920	450	470
Employed	845	415	430
Unemployed	75	35	40
Not in the labour force	350	125	225
Participation rate	72.4	78.3	68.1
Employment rate	66.5	72.2	62.3
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.8	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,270	580	695
Did not work¹⁸⁶	365	145	215
Worked	910	435	475
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	545	255	285
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	365	175	190
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	920	450	470
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	895	440	455
Employee	785	370	415
Permanent position	715	350	365
Temporary position	70	20	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	30	0	30
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	15	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	110	70	40
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	920	450	470
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	895	440	455
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	235	80	150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170	115	50
3 Health occupations	80	25	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	90	30	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	20	15
6 Sales and service occupations	195	90	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	45	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	20	15
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	920	450	470
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	15	10
All industries¹⁹¹	895	440	455
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0
23 Construction	25	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	100	60	40
41 Wholesale trade	90	45	40
44-45 Retail trade	90	40	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	25	30
51 Information and cultural industries	25	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	55	35	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	140	80	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	10	25
61 Educational services	50	10	40
62 Health care and social assistance	115	40	75
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	35	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	10	15
91 Public administration	45	10	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	965	465	505
English	230	115	120
French	185	90	100
Non-official language	15	0	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15
English and French	455	230	225
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	965	465	505
Single responses	825	375	450
Official languages	805	370	430
English	440	220	220
French	360	145	215
Non-official languages	20	10	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	90	55
English and French	130	85	50
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	965	465	505
None	565	285	280
English	150	55	95
French	180	95	90
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	25
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	845	415	430
Worked at home	395	185	210
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	60	40	15
Usual place of work	395	190	200
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	395	190	200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	275	110	165
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	55	35	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	45	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	450	230	220
Car, truck or van	360	205	155
Car, truck or van - as a driver	330	185	140
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	15	15
Public transit	75	25	50
Walked	20	0	15
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	450	230	220
Less than 15 minutes	65	20	45
15 to 29 minutes	195	115	80
30 to 44 minutes	135	80	45
45 to 59 minutes	35	10	30
60 minutes and over	20	0	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	450	230	220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	115	55	60
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	150	75	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	110	60	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	10	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	395	200	200
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	55
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	125	140
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	305	135	170
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	45	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	200	85	115

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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