Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663360More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663485More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,305	...	...	2,412	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,053	...	...	909	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	805	...	...	880	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	53,703.7	...	...	2,705.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.02	...	...	0.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,160	1,255
0 to 14 years	70	30	40	480	230	250
0 to 4 years	30	15	20	105	45	55
5 to 9 years	25	10	15	155	80	75
10 to 14 years	15	10	5	215	100	115
15 to 64 years	930	470	460	1,680	810	875
15 to 19 years	55	30	30	205	105	100
20 to 24 years	260	140	125	125	70	60
25 to 29 years	170	85	80	155	75	80
30 to 34 years	115	60	55	150	70	75
35 to 39 years	80	40	45	160	70	90
40 to 44 years	50	30	20	190	85	105
45 to 49 years	35	15	25	215	100	115
50 to 54 years	50	20	25	180	95	85
55 to 59 years	60	20	40	170	80	90
60 to 64 years	45	25	20	130	60	70
65 years and over	305	115	190	260	130	130
65 to 69 years	60	20	40	100	50	45
70 to 74 years	75	25	50	70	35	30
75 to 79 years	75	30	40	50	20	25
80 to 84 years	45	20	25	30	15	20
85 years and over	55	20	30	15	5	5
85 to 89 years	25	10	20	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.4	4.9	5.8	19.9	19.8	19.9
15 to 64 years	71.3	76.4	66.7	69.6	69.8	69.7
65 years and over	23.4	18.7	27.5	10.8	11.2	10.4
85 years and over	4.2	3.3	4.3	0.6	0.4	0.4
Average age of the population	42.3	40.1	44.2	37.4	37.2	37.7
Median age of the population	34.0	32.0	36.8	38.4	37.2	38.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	805	...	...	880	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	380	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	805	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	805	...	...	880	...	...
1 person	470	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	220	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	145	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	175	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	110	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,160	1,255
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,230	580	650	1,940	935	1,005
Married or living common-law	440	225	215	1,165	580	590
Married	350	180	170	1,010	500	505
Living common-law	90	50	45	155	75	85
Living common law - Never married	80	40	35	125	55	70
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	5	25	15	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	795	355	440	775	360	415
Not married and not living common law - Never married	635	320	320	580	310	270
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	10	15	30	10	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	80	20	55	110	30	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	60	10	50	55	5	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	240	...	...	660	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	245	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	185	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	240	...	...	655	...	...
Total couple families	205	...	...	570	...	...
Married couples	160	...	...	490	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	355	...	...
Without children	95	...	...	140	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	80	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	90	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	70	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
Total - Persons in census families	620	285	330	2,115	1,035	1,080
Married spouses or common-law partners	415	210	200	1,140	565	575
Parents in one-parent families	40	10	25	85	20	65
Children⁶	170	70	100	885	450	440
In a two-parent family	120	50	70	745	385	365
In a one-parent family	55	20	30	140	65	75
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	685	325	360	300	125	170
Living alone	475	210	265	225	95	135
Living with other relatives⁷	85	45	40	50	15	30
Living with non-relatives only	130	70	55	25	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	805	...	...	880	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	240	...	...	590	...	...
Couple-family households	205	...	...	520	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	345	...	...
Without children	130	...	...	175	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	70	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	90	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	475	...	...	225	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,230	585	645	1,940	935	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,150	540	605	1,825	875	950
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,000	29,000	47,200	49,600	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,150	540	605	1,825	875	950
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	32,000	27,800	41,600	42,400	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,030	485	545	1,670	815	855
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,600	31,200	20,200	42,400	46,400	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	365	355	1,450	730	720
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	20,800	30,800	14,800	45,600	48,800	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	430	510	1,405	620	785
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,400	5,800	9,700	8,200	8,000	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	20	50	180	100	85
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,560	5,640	5,480	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365	170	195	600	320	280
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,250	6,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,255	600	655	1,920	920	1,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,150	555	595	1,800	845	955
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,300	58,800	46,200	63,100	71,600	55,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,150	555	595	1,800	845	955
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	44,200	38,000	48,720	52,700	45,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,015	480	535	1,640	780	860
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,300	60,200	39,800	60,150	69,400	51,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	705	365	340	1,395	685	710
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,300	51,800	28,000	61,900	69,000	55,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	955	415	540	1,440	625	810
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,580	9,520	11,360	10,420	9,840	10,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	0	60	155	85	70
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	...	12,400	8,000	5,700	11,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	200	200	660	345	310
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,950	8,000	8,120	8,240	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,255	595	660	1,915	915	1,005
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	125	85	760	370	390
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	75,000	59,200	69,000	79,000	66,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,000	92,000	61,000	87,000	97,200	77,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	365	175	185	520	245	270
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,300	15,000	11,400	16,200	17,600	13,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,500	28,200	20,800	33,800	38,800	29,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	88.0	78.0	86.8	90.0	83.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	47.2	58.0	34.4	75.8	77.6	74.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8	12.1	22.2	13.2	10.2	16.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	x	2.6	1.1	0.8	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	5.4	6.5	5.2	5.0	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.3	4.9	5.8	4.7	4.7	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,230	580	650	1,940	935	1,005
Without total income	85	40	45	120	60	55
With total income	1,150	545	605	1,820	870	945
Under $10,000 (including loss)	215	100	110	200	85	110
$10,000 to $19,999	180	60	120	175	75	105
$20,000 to $29,999	170	80	85	215	105	105
$30,000 to $39,999	110	45	65	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	95	40	55	195	85	105
$50,000 to $59,999	85	50	40	170	70	100
$60,000 to $69,999	55	30	25	130	55	70
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	30	95	45	50
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	20	75	25	45
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	10	80	45	35
$100,000 and over	120	65	55	320	195	125
$100,000 to $149,999	60	25	30	180	95	80
$150,000 and over	65	40	25	145	95	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,230	580	650	1,940	935	1,005
Without after-tax income	85	40	45	120	60	55
With after-tax income	1,150	545	605	1,820	870	945
Under $10,000 (including loss)	220	105	115	205	90	115
$10,000 to $19,999	185	60	125	185	80	105
$20,000 to $29,999	175	90	85	250	125	125
$30,000 to $39,999	145	65	80	235	115	120
$40,000 to $49,999	110	55	50	220	90	130
$50,000 to $59,999	95	55	45	200	90	115
$60,000 to $69,999	65	25	40	120	50	70
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	15	105	65	45
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	65	35	35
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	60	30	30
$100,000 and over	75	45	30	170	105	60
$100,000 to $124,999	35	25	10	75	45	30
$125,000 and over	40	25	15	90	65	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,230	580	650	1,940	935	1,005
Without employment income	515	225	290	490	205	285
With employment income	720	360	355	1,445	725	720
Under $5,000 (including loss)	170	70	100	175	90	90
$5,000 to $9,999	70	30	40	120	60	55
$10,000 to $19,999	115	50	60	145	70	75
$20,000 to $29,999	60	30	35	95	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	35	20	20	125	50	70
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	115	50	65
$50,000 to $59,999	55	30	25	120	45	70
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	15	90	40	55
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	60	30	35
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	70	30	35
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	65	40	30
$100,000 and over	70	40	25	275	170	100
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	10	100	55	45
$125,000 and over	40	30	15	170	120	55
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,230	585	645	1,940	935	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,040	490	550	1,775	850	925
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	30,600	27,200	45,200	47,200	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,045	490	555	1,775	850	920
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	27,000	26,600	38,800	40,800	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	935	440	500	1,645	800	845
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400	32,000	24,400	43,200	48,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	315	315	1,430	715	710
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	31,600	20,000	46,400	50,400	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	815	360	455	1,220	505	710
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,720	1,440	2,180	3,100	1,920	4,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	10	25	130	70	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,640	x	7,000	6,320	5,200	6,950
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,255	600	655	1,920	920	1,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,055	495	555	1,740	810	925
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,100	50,400	46,000	63,700	74,000	54,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,055	495	560	1,740	810	925
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,700	38,800	36,600	48,320	53,700	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	925	420	505	1,595	740	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,100	55,600	43,600	64,100	77,000	52,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	620	315	300	1,380	675	710
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,600	52,000	32,800	64,600	74,000	55,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	805	325	480	1,225	525	700
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,540	5,460	7,280	7,080	5,540	8,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	0	30	120	70	50
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	...	5,600	9,000	6,400	12,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,255	595	660	1,915	915	1,005
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	210	130	80	765	375	390
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	70,500	52,400	64,500	73,500	61,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,000	82,000	57,000	84,400	95,600	73,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	295	130	165	480	225	250
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	11,200	12,600	9,900	24,200	24,200	26,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	28,800	25,400	45,000	53,200	37,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.6	93.0	86.0	92.2	95.2	88.8
Employment income (%)	52.0	65.0	39.0	80.6	82.8	78.0
Government transfers (%)	10.4	7.1	13.7	7.8	4.8	11.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	0.7	1.0	0.7	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	805	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	475	...	...	225	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	335	...	...	655	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	107,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	830	...	...	850	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,900	...	...	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,200	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,400	...	...	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	650	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	805	...	...	880	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	160	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45	...	...	115	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	805	...	...	880	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	120	...	...	375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	175	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	280	...	...	640	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	605	285	320	250	110	145
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,000	29,200	31,200	52,800	47,200	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	27,200	29,400	44,000	40,400	46,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	275	...	...	645	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	153,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	118,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	185,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	600	275	325	220	80	140
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	46,400	49,200	66,500	79,000	59,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	35,600	40,400	51,600	59,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,160	1,255
0 to 17 years	85	40	45	615	300	320
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	130	55	75
18 to 64 years	915	455	460	1,540	735	805
65 years and over	300	115	190	260	130	130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	460	220	230	175	80	100
0 to 17 years	25	15	15	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	385	200	195	105	50	60
65 years and over	45	10	30	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	35.0	36.4	34.0	7.4	6.9	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	30.0	36.0	28.0	7.4	7.2	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	60.0	x	6.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	42.4	43.2	41.6	6.8	6.2	7.4
65 years and over (%)	14.4	12.0	17.0	10.0	10.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
0 to 17 years	85	40	45	615	300	315
0 to 5 years	35	10	25	125	55	75
18 to 64 years	915	460	455	1,545	735	805
65 years and over	305	120	185	260	125	135
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380	185	190	105	45	55
0 to 17 years	25	15	10	30	10	20
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	330	165	165	60	30	35
65 years and over	25	5	20	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	29.0	30.2	27.8	4.3	4.0	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	30.0	40.0	20.0	4.8	3.2	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	60.0	x	5.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	35.8	36.0	35.6	4.0	4.4	4.0
65 years and over (%)	8.0	4.0	10.0	4.5	4.0	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,160	1,255
In bottom half of the distribution	900	430	475	930	430	495
In bottom decile	440	220	225	150	70	80
In second decile	130	55	70	155	75	80
In third decile	130	50	80	160	70	90
In fourth decile	95	55	40	245	125	125
In fifth decile	105	50	55	220	100	120
In top half of the distribution	405	190	215	1,485	725	755
In sixth decile	80	35	45	265	135	130
In seventh decile	55	25	30	215	105	105
In eighth decile	85	45	45	300	135	160
In ninth decile	55	25	30	335	165	165
In top decile	125	60	60	380	185	190
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,305	...	...	2,415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.519	...	...	0.339	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.614	...	...	0.423	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.458	...	...	0.281	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	18.0	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
English only	435	210	230	465	225	235
French only	60	25	35	100	45	55
English and French	790	375	410	1,795	865	930
Neither English nor French	15	5	15	55	20	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
English	770	375	395	1,375	675	695
French	375	180	200	635	290	345
English and French	145	60	80	345	170	175
Neither English nor French	15	5	15	55	20	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
Single responses	1,170	555	615	2,165	1,050	1,115
Official languages	605	295	305	1,180	585	590
English	315	160	155	685	355	335
French	295	140	150	490	235	260
Non-official languages	565	255	310	980	460	525
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	565	255	310	980	460	525
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	85	80	225	115	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	85	80	220	110	110
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	160	80	80	215	105	105
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	10	15
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	265	120	145	490	220	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	60	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	60	25	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian	5	0	5	30	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	5	0	5
German	15	10	5	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	25	5	20
Indo-Iranian languages	125	65	60	170	75	90
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	90	45	50
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	10	5	5	15	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	50	40	75	30	45
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	90	50	40	65	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	85	45	40	60	25	30
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	50	210	100	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	105	50	55
Portuguese	15	5	5	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	5	30	15	10
Spanish	45	15	25	65	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	25	45	165	85	90
Chinese languages	70	25	45	165	85	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	15	30	140	70	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	15	20	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	60	75	250	110	140
English and French	25	10	15	95	45	50
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	75	35	40
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	45	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
English	395	200	200	810	405	400
French	220	100	120	320	150	170
Non-official language	140	70	70	310	150	160
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	70	70	310	150	160
English and French	105	55	50	260	125	130
English and non-official language(s)	270	115	155	290	140	150
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	65	30	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	60	70	335	145	185
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
Single responses	1,155	545	610	2,140	1,040	1,100
Official languages	840	405	435	1,600	775	825
English	545	265	280	1,150	555	590
French	295	140	155	455	220	235
Non-official languages	315	140	175	535	260	275
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	140	175	535	260	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	50	60	120	65	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	60	110	55	55
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	100	50	55	110	55	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	20	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	5	10
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	65	75	215	105	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Russian	0	0	5	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	105	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	55	30	30
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	55	25	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	70	35	35	40	20	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	70	35	35	40	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	25	5	15	40	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	10	25	150	75	80
Chinese languages	40	10	25	150	75	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	140	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	70	80	280	125	155
English and French	45	20	25	90	40	55
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	35	100	50	55
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	55	25	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,305	615	690	2,415	1,165	1,255
None	865	420	450	1,630	795	835
English	165	70	95	190	100	95
French	40	20	25	190	85	100
Non-official language	115	50	65	175	75	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	115	50	65	175	75	100
English and French	20	10	15	60	25	30
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	20	45	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Official languages	1,280	615	665	2,410	1,165	1,245
English	1,225	595	630	2,350	1,145	1,205
French	845	410	425	1,935	930	1,005
Non-official languages	855	420	440	1,485	695	790
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	855	420	440	1,485	695	790
Afro-Asiatic languages	325	165	165	420	215	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	40	25	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	320	155	165	420	215	205
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	290	145	145	395	205	195
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	50	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	10	25
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	240	210	715	330	385
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	40	15	30
Balto-Slavic languages	30	0	20	80	40	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	0	20	80	40	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Russian	10	0	10	60	30	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	30	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	65	30	30	15	0	10
German	45	20	25	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages	140	80	60	180	100	80
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25	140	80	60
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	40	30	15	40	20	25
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	70	40	30
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Urdu	15	10	0	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	50	35	40	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	85	50	35	40	20	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	85	50	35	35	20	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	130	110	395	180	220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	35	50	175	80	90
Portuguese	20	20	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Spanish	175	110	75	195	95	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	15	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	20	45	250	120	130
Chinese languages	65	20	45	250	120	130
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	15	40	210	110	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	0	15	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,295	615	680	2,450	1,185	1,265
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	830	...	...	850	...	...
Owner	0	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	820	...	...	300	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	830	...	...	850	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	350	...	...
Not condominium	830	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	830	...	...	850	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	500	...	...	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	240	...	...	195	...	...
3 bedrooms	50	...	...	220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	830	...	...	850	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	695	...	...	340	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...	145	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	75	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	220	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.4	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	830	...	...	850	...	...
One person or fewer per room	810	...	...	825	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	830	...	...	850	...	...
Suitable	760	...	...	820	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	830	...	...	850	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	425	...	...	60	...	...
1981 to 1990	95	...	...	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	85	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	200	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	165	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	830	...	...	850	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	770	...	...	830	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	830	...	...	850	...	...
One-maintainer household	630	...	...	375	...	...
Two-maintainer household	195	...	...	460	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	830	...	...	850	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	155	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	80	...	...	205	...	...
45 to 54 years	80	...	...	240	...	...
55 to 64 years	85	...	...	145	...	...
65 to 74 years	110	...	...	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	775	...	...	850	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	660	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	445	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	295	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	830	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	500	...	...	230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	375	...	...	170	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	330	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	625	...	...	830	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	590	...	...	795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	550	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	...	...	...	77.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	18.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	2,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	2,100	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	...	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	...	...	...	716,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	825	...	...	300	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	2.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	57.8	...	...	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,716	...	...	1,370	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,300	615	680	2,455	1,185	1,275
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,290	610	680	2,455	1,185	1,270
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,295	620	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	810	370	440	2,215	1,060	1,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	40	20	25	610	315	295
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	770	350	420	1,595	745	860
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	485	250	240	250	125	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,295	620	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	570	260	310	1,455	700	760
Immigrants⁸¹	455	200	255	950	470	480
Before 1980	75	35	35	90	50	40
1980 to 1990	25	10	10	90	45	45
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	170	75	95
2001 to 2010	85	30	50	365	195	175
2011 to 2021⁸²	225	100	125	230	105	125
2011 to 2015	70	30	35	125	50	70
2016 to 2021	160	65	90	105	55	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	280	160	115	55	20	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	455	200	255	945	465	480
Under 5 years	30	10	20	105	50	50
5 to 14 years	40	20	20	205	115	90
15 to 24 years	110	55	55	140	50	95
25 to 44 years	215	95	120	420	215	210
45 years and over	55	20	40	75	35	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	455	200	255	945	465	480
Americas	45	20	30	130	50	80
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	15	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	15	35	15	25
Europe	100	25	75	130	60	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	45	20	25	20	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	25	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	0	15
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	20	0	20
Africa	120	55	65	270	135	130
Algeria	25	10	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	195	95	100
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	25	50	30	25
Asia	180	95	80	420	225	200
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	40	20	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	35	25	50	20	25
Syria⁸⁹	20	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	145	70	70
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	55	35	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	45	35	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	160	65	90	105	55	50
Americas	25	0	20	20	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	30	40	40	25	15
Algeria	30	10	20	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	40	20	15	45	30	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
First generation¹⁰⁰	790	395	395	1,035	510	525
Second generation¹⁰¹	245	105	140	760	365	395
Third generation or more¹⁰²	265	115	150	665	315	350
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	380	165	220	855	415	440
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	305	140	160	585	310	275
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	70	60	215	145	75
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	175	70	105	365	170	200
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	25	35	200	65	135
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	0	15	60	40	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	380	165	220	855	415	440
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	15	50	30	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	15	50	25	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15	20	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	15	25	35	25	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	270	125	155	690	330	360
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	520	260	260	1,225	590	635
South Asian	60	40	20	200	110	90
Chinese	65	25	40	265	135	130
Black	55	25	30	205	80	125
Filipino	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab	190	90	100	290	150	140
Latin American	40	25	15	95	50	45
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	85	50	35	85	40	40
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	35	15	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	780	355	425	1,230	595	645
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Canadian	75	30	45	245	130	110
English	60	25	35	115	35	80
Irish	60	20	45	130	60	65
Scottish	45	15	30	70	40	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	80	100	235	105	125
German	45	25	20	20	0	15
Chinese	50	15	35	260	135	125
Italian	80	40	40	320	150	175
Indian (India)	55	35	20	95	45	45
Ukrainian	40	10	35	20	10	0
Dutch	10	10	0	20	0	15
Polish	30	10	20	30	15	10
Québécois	0	0	0	25	10	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	10	35	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	20	10	10
French Canadian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	25	15	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	35	10	25	0	0	0
Russian	50	25	25	65	25	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	45	20	20
American	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	30	10	20
Swedish	10	0	0	30	0	20
Hungarian	20	0	15	15	15	0
Acadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	15	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	35	40	30	15
Punjabi	10	0	0	30	20	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	25	25	70	35	25
Greek	30	15	15	95	35	65
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	0	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romanian	20	0	10	75	35	40
Lebanese	135	70	60	90	40	55
Iranian	75	45	30	35	15	20
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Hindu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	20	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	310	155	160
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	0	35	20	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	0	15	30	10	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	60	20	35
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	15	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	10	0	10
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	80	50	30
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,295	615	680	2,460	1,185	1,275
Buddhist	10	0	10	0	0	0
Christian	450	175	275	1,450	675	780
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	20	25	190	105	90
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10	40	10	30
Baptist	0	0	0	40	20	15
Catholic	300	100	205	700	325	375
Christian Orthodox	25	20	10	350	160	185
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	10	75	30	45
Hindu	25	15	0	60	25	40
Jewish	165	80	85	80	45	30
Muslim	245	110	135	235	135	100
Sikh	10	0	0	70	45	35
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	375	220	160	530	250	275
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,280	610	665	2,455	1,180	1,275
Non-movers	965	455	505	2,125	1,055	1,070
Movers	315	155	160	330	125	205
Non-migrants	180	70	110	225	95	130
Migrants	130	80	55	105	30	75
Internal migrants	40	30	15	75	25	50
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	15	55	15	40
Interprovincial migrants	15	15	0	20	10	10
External migrants	90	50	40	30	0	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,260	600	655	2,365	1,140	1,230
Non-movers	400	175	230	1,380	665	715
Movers	855	430	430	985	475	515
Non-migrants	240	85	150	495	240	255
Migrants	620	345	280	495	235	260
Internal migrants	225	120	105	340	160	180
Intraprovincial migrants	145	65	75	320	145	175
Interprovincial migrants	85	55	30	25	20	0
External migrants	395	220	170	155	70	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,255	600	655	1,920	915	1,005
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	85	50	35	245	135	110
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,170	550	625	1,670	780	895
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	625	315	305	1,320	605	715
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	20	10	60	35	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	590	295	295	1,260	570	690
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,255	595	655	1,920	920	1,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	35	35	215	110	105
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	255	105	150	300	155	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	930	460	470	1,405	650	750
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	75	75	490	215	270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	10	15	100	80	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	75	60	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	110	50	55	335	120	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	50	25	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	775	375	400	915	435	480
Bachelor's degree	375	155	220	575	245	330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	40	20	85	25	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15	25	15	10
Master's degree	250	135	115	195	125	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	30	25	40	20	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	620	315	305	1,325	605	715
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	45	20	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	45	20	25	145	85	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	565	290	270	1,125	500	625
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	50	25	320	140	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	10	15	70	45	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	15	45	35	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	10	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	35	10	205	75	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	45	20	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	490	245	250	810	360	445
Bachelor's degree	195	85	110	500	205	295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	30	20	80	25	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	10	25	20	10
Master's degree	185	95	90	170	105	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	20	25	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,250	595	660	1,920	915	1,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	320	140	185	520	265	250
Education	40	0	35	65	10	60
13. Education	40	0	35	65	10	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	30	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	20	25	20	10
Humanities	90	30	55	105	25	80
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	40	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	10	25	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	85	90	160	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	10	0	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	40	15	20	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	10	30	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	65	40	30	105	35	75
Business, management and public administration	185	100	85	345	120	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	185	100	85	340	120	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	35	105	60	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	30	40	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	30	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	20	85	60	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	45	0	75	60	20
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	155	100	55	270	200	70
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15	15	0	15
14. Engineering	120	80	40	170	115	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	25	25	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	30	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	85	30	60	185	75	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	85	30	55	180	70	110
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15	25	0	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	0	15	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	625	320	310	1,325	610	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	60	25	35	195	105	90
Education	20	0	15	45	10	35
13. Education	20	0	15	45	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	15	30	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	15	25	15	10
Humanities	20	15	10	75	10	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	20	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110	50	60	140	40	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	10	0	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	25	90	25	65
Business, management and public administration	115	55	60	290	95	195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	115	55	60	280	95	190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	0	20	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	20	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	45	10	70	55	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	45	0	60	50	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	110	70	40	230	165	65
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	90	55	30	155	100	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	15	30	155	60	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	15	20	155	60	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	20	10	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	625	320	310	1,325	610	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	25	35	195	105	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	560	290	270	1,130	500	625
Location of study inside Canada	330	165	155	795	350	445
Same as province or territory of residence	275	120	150	710	305	405
Different than province or territory of residence	55	45	10	85	45	40
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	230	125	115	330	150	180
Americas	45	30	20	50	20	35
United States of America	20	15	0	25	0	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	50	25	15	55	30	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	40	10	25	90	45	55
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	75	35	40
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	100	55	45	130	55	70
Iran⁸⁸	40	25	15	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	10	0	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	40	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,255	595	655	1,920	920	1,000
In the labour force	680	365	320	1,360	675	685
Employed	565	315	250	1,225	605	620
Unemployed	115	50	70	135	65	70
Not in the labour force	575	230	340	560	245	315
Participation rate	54.2	61.3	48.9	70.8	73.4	68.5
Employment rate	45.0	52.9	38.2	63.8	65.8	62.0
Unemployment rate	16.9	13.7	21.9	9.9	9.6	10.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,250	595	660	1,920	915	1,000
Did not work¹⁸⁶	580	240	345	560	255	305
Worked	670	360	315	1,360	660	695
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	260	155	100	785	390	395
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	415	200	215	580	275	300
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.0	38.1	35.6	40.8	41.6	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	685	365	315	1,360	670	685
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	35	15	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	630	340	290	1,320	655	665
Employee	510	250	260	1,130	520	620
Permanent position	355	190	165	945	440	505
Temporary position	155	65	95	190	80	110
Fixed term (1 year or more)	70	15	55	65	30	35
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	85	45	40	120	55	70
Self-employed¹⁹²	120	90	30	185	140	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	685	365	315	1,360	670	685
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	35	15	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	630	340	290	1,320	655	665
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	15	0	60	55	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	135	60	75	290	95	195
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85	65	15	205	130	80
3 Health occupations	30	10	20	105	35	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	145	70	75	155	45	110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	0	15	40	10	25
6 Sales and service occupations	145	70	80	300	160	145
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	25	0	135	120	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	35	15	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	685	365	315	1,360	670	685
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	25	30	35	15	20
All industries¹⁹¹	630	340	290	1,320	655	665
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	20	15	10
23 Construction	10	10	0	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	25	0	150	70	75
41 Wholesale trade	40	20	20	120	55	65
44-45 Retail trade	25	10	15	180	80	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	0	120	90	30
51 Information and cultural industries	25	15	10	30	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	60	35	25	60	30	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	25	10	25	15	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	70	60	170	90	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	0	40	25	15
61 Educational services	95	45	50	95	30	65
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	30	150	40	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	15	0	15	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	35	0	30	45	25	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	10	25	20	0
91 Public administration	10	0	0	35	0	25
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	755	395	365	1,455	720	730
English	260	150	110	320	165	155
French	85	20	65	180	55	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	360	180	180	855	450	405
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	40	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	55	25	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	755	395	365	1,455	720	730
Single responses	705	370	340	1,145	570	570
Official languages	695	355	340	1,130	565	570
English	500	280	220	780	425	355
French	190	75	120	350	135	215
Non-official languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	20	310	150	160
English and French	40	20	20	295	140	155
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	755	395	365	1,455	720	730
None	390	200	190	795	365	430
English	110	55	55	170	90	85
French	215	105	105	410	235	175
Non-official language	35	25	10	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	25	10	45	20	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	565	315	250	1,220	605	615
Worked at home	270	150	120	410	180	230
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	20	10	120	95	25
Usual place of work	255	135	115	695	335	360
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	255	135	115	695	335	360
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	235	130	100	300	145	155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	305	130	175
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	0	10	80	50	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	290	160	130	815	430	380
Car, truck or van	110	70	35	740	395	345
Car, truck or van - as a driver	100	60	35	710	385	330
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	30	10	20
Public transit	50	15	35	45	20	20
Walked	105	55	45	20	10	20
Bicycle	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other method	15	10	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	290	160	130	815	430	380
Less than 15 minutes	90	60	30	80	25	55
15 to 29 minutes	110	60	55	350	170	175
30 to 44 minutes	70	35	35	250	145	105
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	10	80	60	20
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	65	30	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	290	160	130	815	430	380
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	45	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	20	20	115	75	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	15	20	225	115	110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	45	25	205	110	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	110	55	55	145	60	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	80	35	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	85	45	45	625	305	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	25	15	315	160	150
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	20	25	310	145	165
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	55	30	25	515	260	255
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	10	265	140	130
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	10	200	110	95
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	60	30	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	15	245	120	130

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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