Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663356More information: Quebec [Dissemination area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,554	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	907	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	858	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	48,740.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,550	1,275	1,275
0 to 14 years	735	375	360
0 to 4 years	230	105	125
5 to 9 years	290	150	140
10 to 14 years	215	120	95
15 to 64 years	1,585	795	790
15 to 19 years	125	60	65
20 to 24 years	205	105	100
25 to 29 years	180	75	105
30 to 34 years	185	85	100
35 to 39 years	225	105	130
40 to 44 years	220	110	105
45 to 49 years	150	90	60
50 to 54 years	120	65	55
55 to 59 years	100	55	45
60 to 64 years	75	45	30
65 years and over	235	105	130
65 to 69 years	40	15	20
70 to 74 years	40	25	15
75 to 79 years	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	40	20	20
85 years and over	70	25	45
85 to 89 years	35	10	25
90 to 94 years	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	15	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.8	29.4	28.2
15 to 64 years	62.2	62.4	62.0
65 years and over	9.2	8.2	10.2
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	32.7	32.6	32.8
Median age of the population	31.2	31.2	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	855	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	855	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	860	...	...
1 person	260	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...
3 persons	120	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,450	1,235	1,215
Average household size	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,820	900	920
Married or living common-law	935	470	465
Married	870	435	435
Living common-law	65	35	30
Living common law - Never married	55	25	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	0
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	880	425	455
Not married and not living common law - Never married	620	340	285
Not married and not living common law - Separated	45	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	120	50	65
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	95	20	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	540	...	...
2 persons	130	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...
Average size of census families	3.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	540	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...
Married couples	395	...	...
With children⁶	335	...	...
Without children	65	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...
Without children	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	100	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,450	1,235	1,215
Total - Persons in census families	1,990	970	1,020
Married spouses or common-law partners	855	430	430
Parents in one-parent families	110	10	95
Children⁶	1,025	525	500
In a two-parent family	830	430	400
In a one-parent family	190	100	95
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	455	265	195
Living alone	260	145	115
Living with other relatives⁷	65	30	35
Living with non-relatives only	135	90	45
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	860	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	510	...	...
Couple-family households	410	...	...
With children⁶	335	...	...
Without children	75	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...
One-person households	260	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,715	860	855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,600	795	805
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	30,400	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,600	795	805
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	28,000	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,325	690	640
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	18,800	23,400	15,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,165	635	530
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	22,000	24,800	18,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,480	725	755
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,100	8,300	15,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	105	100
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,400	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	365	350
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,830	920	910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,705	850	850
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,640	32,300	33,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,705	850	850
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,640	28,950	30,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,390	720	670
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,840	26,500	23,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,205	655	550
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,750	28,000	25,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,575	785	795
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	10,820	15,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180	125	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,100	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	755	425	330
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,360	9,920	8,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,830	920	910
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	400	225	180
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,400	41,200	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	45,600	46,000	45,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	630	325	300
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	12,600	14,300	10,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	21,500	16,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	62.1	69.2	55.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.2	66.8	49.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	37.9	30.8	45.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.8	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	14.4	16.5	12.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	12.7	15.3	10.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,715	860	855
Without total income	115	65	50
With total income	1,600	795	805
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	85	90
$10,000 to $19,999	245	135	105
$20,000 to $29,999	350	170	175
$30,000 to $39,999	295	150	145
$40,000 to $49,999	230	95	135
$50,000 to $59,999	130	65	65
$60,000 to $69,999	75	40	40
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	20
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	15	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	0
$150,000 and over	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,715	860	855
Without after-tax income	115	65	50
With after-tax income	1,600	795	805
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	85	90
$10,000 to $19,999	250	135	115
$20,000 to $29,999	410	215	200
$30,000 to $39,999	325	160	165
$40,000 to $49,999	230	95	135
$50,000 to $59,999	115	50	60
$60,000 to $69,999	45	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,715	860	855
Without employment income	550	225	330
With employment income	1,160	630	525
Under $5,000 (including loss)	165	80	85
$5,000 to $9,999	185	95	90
$10,000 to $19,999	200	105	95
$20,000 to $29,999	160	85	75
$30,000 to $39,999	130	80	50
$40,000 to $49,999	115	55	60
$50,000 to $59,999	75	50	25
$60,000 to $69,999	60	35	20
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	15	0
$100,000 and over	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,715	860	855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,520	755	765
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,400	26,000	25,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,520	755	765
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	24,800	24,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,255	655	605
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	20,400	24,000	16,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,095	600	490
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,200	25,800	20,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,370	660	710
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,240	2,520	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	125	70	55
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	4,760	4,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,830	920	910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	780	785
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,080	28,100	28,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	780	785
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	25,480	26,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,255	675	580
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	26,900	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,090	630	460
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,250	27,800	26,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,440	695	740
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,520	5,370	11,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	115	70	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	7,200	5,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,830	920	910
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	390	215	180
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	36,000	36,000	36,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	38,800	40,800	36,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	495	280	215
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	20,000	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,300	23,600	20,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	72.0	82.8	61.2
Employment income (%)	67.6	80.0	55.6
Government transfers (%)	28.0	17.2	38.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	2.4	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	860	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	260	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	595	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	865	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	860	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	860	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	555	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	390	235	160
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,000	26,400	27,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	25,800	25,400	25,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	570	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	365	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	440	260	180
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,200	25,400	27,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,500	23,000	24,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,450	1,235	1,215
0 to 17 years	815	420	395
0 to 5 years	305	145	160
18 to 64 years	1,505	750	755
65 years and over	130	65	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	575	275	305
0 to 17 years	195	90	105
0 to 5 years	95	35	60
18 to 64 years	320	155	165
65 years and over	60	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.6	22.2	25.0
0 to 17 years (%)	24.2	22.0	26.4
0 to 5 years (%)	31.6	26.0	36.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.2	20.4	22.0
65 years and over (%)	46.0	44.0	52.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,450	1,235	1,215
0 to 17 years	815	415	395
0 to 5 years	300	145	160
18 to 64 years	1,505	750	750
65 years and over	130	65	65
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380	190	185
0 to 17 years	105	45	55
0 to 5 years	50	15	30
18 to 64 years	245	125	120
65 years and over	30	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	15.5	15.5	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	11.6	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.2	12.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.2	16.8	15.6
65 years and over (%)	24.0	28.0	20.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,450	1,235	1,215
In bottom half of the distribution	2,165	1,090	1,075
In bottom decile	540	270	270
In second decile	415	220	200
In third decile	590	295	290
In fourth decile	405	195	210
In fifth decile	220	110	110
In top half of the distribution	280	145	140
In sixth decile	130	65	60
In seventh decile	90	40	50
In eighth decile	45	25	25
In ninth decile	20	15	5
In top decile	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.244	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.217	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,555	1,275	1,280
English only	480	265	215
French only	805	380	425
English and French	1,140	575	565
Neither English nor French	125	55	75
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,555	1,275	1,280
English	735	390	345
French	1,330	640	685
English and French	365	195	170
Neither English nor French	125	55	70
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,555	1,275	1,280
Single responses	2,265	1,125	1,135
Official languages	865	415	450
English	255	110	150
French	600	300	305
Non-official languages	1,400	715	690
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,400	715	690
Afro-Asiatic languages	820	425	395
Berber languages	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	810	420	390
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	805	420	390
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	5	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	35	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	20	10	15
Telugu	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	430	220	210
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	25
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	260	145	120
Indo-Aryan languages	190	115	75
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0
Gujarati	20	20	5
Hindi	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	50	35
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	30	45
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	75	35	40
Dari	65	30	35
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	55	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10
Spanish	60	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	35
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	10
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5
Yoruba	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	145	145
English and French	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35
French and non-official language(s)	115	50	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,555	1,275	1,280
English	235	120	115
French	560	280	280
Non-official language	515	265	250
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	515	265	250
English and French	130	60	70
English and non-official language(s)	260	135	125
French and non-official language(s)	525	245	280
English, French and non-official language(s)	295	155	135
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,555	1,275	1,280
Single responses	2,165	1,080	1,080
Official languages	1,245	615	625
English	380	195	185
French	865	420	445
Non-official languages	915	465	455
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	915	465	455
Afro-Asiatic languages	565	290	275
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	565	290	275
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	560	290	270
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5
Tamil	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	140	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	80
Indo-Aryan languages	120	65	60
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0
Gujarati	15	10	5
Hindi	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	25
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	45	20	20
Dari	40	20	20
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0
Romanian	20	10	5
Spanish	45	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	395	195	195
English and French	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40
French and non-official language(s)	205	100	105
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	30
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,555	1,280	1,280
None	1,620	820	800
English	165	85	80
French	210	95	120
Non-official language	305	145	165
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	305	145	165
English and French	85	45	40
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	55
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,580	1,320	1,260
Official languages	2,465	1,255	1,205
English	1,665	870	795
French	1,990	995	995
Non-official languages	2,105	1,070	1,035
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,105	1,070	1,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,265	645	625
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,265	645	625
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	1,265	645	620
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	35	35
Haitian Creole	40	20	20
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	70	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	10	20
Tamil	50	30	20
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	330	275
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	45	15	35
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	400	240	160
Indo-Aryan languages	320	200	120
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	20	10
Gujarati	60	50	15
Hindi	170	110	60
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	80	50
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	85	45	40
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	45	50
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	95	45	50
Dari	85	45	45
Iranian Persian	15	0	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	70
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	0
Spanish	105	45	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	130	55	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	10	15
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	15
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,580	1,320	1,260
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,575	1,315	1,260
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,580	1,320	1,260
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,580	1,320	1,260
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	865	...	...
Owner	35	...	...
Renter	835	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	865	...	...
Condominium	35	...	...
Not condominium	835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	865	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...
1 bedroom	265	...	...
2 bedrooms	510	...	...
3 bedrooms	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	865	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	770	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	865	...	...
One person or fewer per room	670	...	...
More than one person per room	195	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	865	...	...
Suitable	520	...	...
Not suitable	345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	865	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	380	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...
1991 to 2000	120	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	865	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	755	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	865	...	...
One-maintainer household	500	...	...
Two-maintainer household	285	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	865	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	155	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...
45 to 54 years	195	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	55	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	865	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	610	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	865	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	600	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	185	...	...
Not suitable only	275	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	265	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	820	...	...
In core need	135	...	...
Not in core need	690	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	360,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,038	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,580	1,320	1,265
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	10	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,570	1,310	1,265
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,585	1,315	1,260
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,690	845	845
Canadian citizens aged under 18	650	355	295
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,040	490	550
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	890	475	410
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,585	1,315	1,260
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	745	400	345
Immigrants⁸¹	1,545	725	815
Before 1980	35	20	15
1980 to 1990	65	25	40
1991 to 2000	155	70	85
2001 to 2010	405	175	230
2011 to 2021⁸²	885	440	450
2011 to 2015	305	170	130
2016 to 2021	585	265	315
Non-permanent residents⁸³	290	190	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,545	725	815
Under 5 years	190	85	100
5 to 14 years	225	80	145
15 to 24 years	225	95	135
25 to 44 years	785	400	385
45 years and over	120	60	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,545	725	815
Americas	90	35	55
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	10	30
Europe	45	25	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	575	275	300
Algeria	100	40	55
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10
Egypt	50	30	20
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	180	90	90
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	245	120	125
Asia	835	395	440
Afghanistan	50	15	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	215	90	120
Syria⁸⁹	255	125	130
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	40	15	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0
India	60	30	30
Pakistan	55	30	20
Sri Lanka	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	100	55	40
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	580	265	320
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	165	70	100
Algeria	25	15	15
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	0	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	45	25	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	20
Asia	395	190	205
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	55	25	25
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	10	15
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0
Philippines	25	10	15
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	175	85	85
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,580	1,320	1,260
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,855	920	935
Second generation¹⁰¹	640	355	285
Third generation or more¹⁰²	85	45	40
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,510	705	805
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	755	385	370
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	360	245	115
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	395	140	255
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	260	55	205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	480	260	225
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,510	705	805
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	80	75
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	15	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	40	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,230	570	660
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,580	1,320	1,260
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,135	1,100	1,035
South Asian	370	225	145
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	475	225	250
Filipino	40	10	30
Arab	1,025	525	500
Latin American	45	15	30
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	85	35	50
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	85	55	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	445	220	230
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,585	1,320	1,260
Canadian	95	50	45
English	10	10	0
Irish	10	0	0
Scottish	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	25	20
German	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	15
Indian (India)	200	145	55
Ukrainian	15	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	40	10	30
French Canadian	10	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	30	25
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	165	90	75
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	380	190	190
Greek	10	0	10
Jamaican	15	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0
Lebanese	270	115	150
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	20
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10
Hindu	35	25	15
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	60	40	25
Egyptian	50	25	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20
Tamil	20	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	215	125	90
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	165	95	75
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	90	45	45
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	105	35	70
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	50	20	30
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	35	20	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10
Chilean	20	10	15
Congolese	20	0	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	80	45	30
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10
Cameroonian	40	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	25	10	15
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,580	1,320	1,260
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	790	330	455
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	215	90	125
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	350	150	210
Christian Orthodox	115	45	65
Jehovah's Witness	25	0	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	25	15
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	10	10
Hindu	150	95	50
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	1,330	700	630
Sikh	80	50	30
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	205	125	85
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,545	1,300	1,245
Non-movers	2,210	1,085	1,120
Movers	330	210	125
Non-migrants	235	140	95
Migrants	95	70	30
Internal migrants	30	10	20
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0
External migrants	65	55	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,375	1,195	1,180
Non-movers	1,010	505	505
Movers	1,370	695	675
Non-migrants	555	285	270
Migrants	815	410	400
Internal migrants	115	50	65
Intraprovincial migrants	65	15	50
Interprovincial migrants	50	35	10
External migrants	695	365	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	920	910
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	395	185	215
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,435	740	695
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,290	660	630
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	240	115	125
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,050	545	505
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	920	910
No certificate, diploma or degree	330	150	185
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	385	205	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,120	565	555
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	260	315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	210	80	125
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	60	120
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	290	140	150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	40	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	545	310	240
Bachelor's degree	335	160	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	40	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	130	95	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,285	660	625
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	80	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	180	80	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	935	500	435
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	225	235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	75	95
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	50	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	230	120	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	30	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	475	275	200
Bachelor's degree	280	135	140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	40	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	115	80	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,830	920	910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	710	350	355
Education	50	10	40
13. Education	50	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	30	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	25	10
Humanities	55	20	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	40	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	55	25	30
Business, management and public administration	285	115	170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280	115	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	35
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	245	210	35
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	140	120	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	30	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	110	35	75
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	30	75
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	15	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,290	660	630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	350	160	190
Education	35	0	30
13. Education	35	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	25	0
Humanities	35	20	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	35	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	20
Business, management and public administration	245	105	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	100	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	40	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	210	185	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	120	105	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	100	35	65
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	30	65
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,290	660	630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	350	160	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	935	500	435
Location of study inside Canada	415	210	205
Same as province or territory of residence	375	185	190
Different than province or territory of residence	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	520	290	235
Americas	20	0	15
United States of America	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10
Europe	70	40	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	20	15	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	200	120	80
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10
Morocco	70	40	30
Tunisia	25	15	10
Egypt	20	15	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	35	15
Asia	235	120	115
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	30
Syria⁸⁹	70	30	40
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	60	50	10
Pakistan	10	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,830	920	910
In the labour force	1,160	645	510
Employed	1,005	555	450
Unemployed	150	90	55
Not in the labour force	675	275	400
Participation rate	63.4	70.1	56.0
Employment rate	54.9	60.3	49.5
Unemployment rate	12.9	14.0	10.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,830	920	910
Did not work¹⁸⁶	740	335	405
Worked	1,090	590	500
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	410	225	175
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	685	360	325
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.3	36.9	35.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,155	640	515
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480
Employee	990	540	450
Permanent position	805	460	340
Temporary position	185	75	105
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	30	35
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	50	70
Self-employed¹⁹²	115	85	35
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,155	640	515
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	185	70	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	105	75	25
3 Health occupations	90	30	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	80	10	70
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	280	160	120
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	215	185	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	80	45
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,155	640	515
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35
All industries¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	25	10
31-33 Manufacturing	185	120	60
41 Wholesale trade	35	20	15
44-45 Retail trade	175	85	95
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	135	35
51 Information and cultural industries	25	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	60	40	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	20	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	60	15
61 Educational services	45	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	130	30	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	45	30	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	10	20
91 Public administration	15	0	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,230	695	540
English	295	180	120
French	400	205	190
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15
English and French	455	260	195
English and non-official language(s)	15	15	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,230	695	540
Single responses	1,090	630	465
Official languages	1,065	615	450
English	465	285	180
French	595	330	265
Non-official languages	25	10	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	65	75
English and French	115	55	65
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,230	695	540
None	850	455	395
English	175	110	70
French	160	95	60
Non-official language	15	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,005	555	455
Worked at home	150	75	75
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	160	140	15
Usual place of work	700	335	365
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	695	335	365
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	555	260	295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	75	35	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	40	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	855	480	380
Car, truck or van	500	315	190
Car, truck or van - as a driver	440	295	140
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	70	20	50
Public transit	285	125	160
Walked	45	25	20
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	855	480	380
Less than 15 minutes	130	45	80
15 to 29 minutes	300	195	105
30 to 44 minutes	175	105	70
45 to 59 minutes	120	65	60
60 minutes and over	130	70	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	855	480	380
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	30	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	135	75	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	170	80	90
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	175	95	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	100	55	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	225	140	85
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	820	425	405
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	75	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	685	350	340
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	570	305	265
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	60	50
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	40
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	465	245	215

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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