Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663356More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661621More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,554	...	...	1,241	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	907	...	...	662	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	858	...	...	614	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	48,740.5	...	...	8,143.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,550	1,275	1,275	1,240	700	545
0 to 14 years	735	375	360	90	50	40
0 to 4 years	230	105	125	30	20	15
5 to 9 years	290	150	140	30	10	20
10 to 14 years	215	120	95	30	20	10
15 to 64 years	1,585	795	790	820	455	365
15 to 19 years	125	60	65	50	25	25
20 to 24 years	205	105	100	105	50	50
25 to 29 years	180	75	105	125	70	55
30 to 34 years	185	85	100	110	60	45
35 to 39 years	225	105	130	100	50	50
40 to 44 years	220	110	105	70	35	35
45 to 49 years	150	90	60	65	40	30
50 to 54 years	120	65	55	75	50	20
55 to 59 years	100	55	45	70	40	25
60 to 64 years	75	45	30	55	30	25
65 years and over	235	105	130	330	195	140
65 to 69 years	40	15	20	50	35	20
70 to 74 years	40	25	15	80	55	20
75 to 79 years	40	15	25	45	5	35
80 to 84 years	40	20	20	30	10	20
85 years and over	70	25	45	135	85	50
85 to 89 years	35	10	25	130	80	45
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	15	0	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.8	29.4	28.2	7.3	7.1	7.3
15 to 64 years	62.2	62.4	62.0	66.1	65.0	67.0
65 years and over	9.2	8.2	10.2	26.6	27.9	25.7
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.5	10.9	12.1	9.2
Average age of the population	32.7	32.6	32.8	47.0	48.0	45.7
Median age of the population	31.2	31.2	31.2	43.2	46.0	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	855	...	...	610	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	350	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	855	...	...	245	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	860	...	...	615	...	...
1 person	260	...	...	360	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	155	...	...
3 persons	120	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,450	1,235	1,215	1,050	575	475
Average household size	2.9	...	...	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,820	900	920	1,150	645	500
Married or living common-law	935	470	465	360	195	165
Married	870	435	435	260	145	120
Living common-law	65	35	30	95	50	45
Living common law - Never married	55	25	30	85	45	40
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	0	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	880	425	455	790	455	335
Not married and not living common law - Never married	620	340	285	540	355	185
Not married and not living common law - Separated	45	15	30	70	50	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	120	50	65	105	40	65
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	95	20	75	80	5	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	540	...	...	190	...	...
2 persons	130	...	...	115	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	540	...	...	190	...	...
Total couple families	430	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	395	...	...	110	...	...
With children⁶	335	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	50	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	45	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	100	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,450	1,235	1,215	1,050	575	470
Total - Persons in census families	1,990	970	1,020	525	260	260
Married spouses or common-law partners	855	430	430	315	160	160
Parents in one-parent families	110	10	95	30	5	25
Children⁶	1,025	525	500	170	95	80
In a two-parent family	830	430	400	125	60	60
In a one-parent family	190	100	95	45	30	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	455	265	195	530	320	215
Living alone	260	145	115	365	210	155
Living with other relatives⁷	65	30	35	40	20	20
Living with non-relatives only	135	90	45	125	85	40
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	860	...	...	615	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	510	...	...	175	...	...
Couple-family households	410	...	...	145	...	...
With children⁶	335	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	75	...	...	85	...	...
One-parent-family households	100	...	...	25	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	15	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...	65	...	...
One-person households	260	...	...	365	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,715	860	855	960	530	435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,600	795	805	920	510	410
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	30,400	31,800	30,400	30,400	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,600	795	805	920	510	410
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	28,000	30,000	28,000	28,000	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,325	690	640	750	410	340
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	18,800	23,400	15,200	26,000	27,800	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,165	635	530	670	375	290
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	22,000	24,800	18,800	27,600	28,400	23,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,480	725	755	785	425	360
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,100	8,300	15,600	10,700	10,200	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	105	100	100	55	45
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,400	5,240	5,520	5,560	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	715	365	350	340	195	145
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,500	10,000	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,830	920	910	980	535	445
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,705	850	850	935	505	425
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,640	32,300	33,000	44,600	45,800	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,705	850	850	935	505	425
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,640	28,950	30,300	38,200	39,200	37,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,390	720	670	795	430	370
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,840	26,500	23,040	39,800	41,800	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,205	655	550	730	400	325
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,750	28,000	25,300	39,700	41,200	37,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,575	785	795	775	405	375
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	10,820	15,920	12,880	13,350	12,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180	125	55	110	65	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,100	6,800	5,100	5,400	4,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	755	425	330	365	210	145
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,360	9,920	8,680	10,000	10,600	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,830	920	910	980	535	445
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	400	225	180	255	160	100
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,400	41,200	44,400	69,500	74,500	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	45,600	46,000	45,200	70,000	71,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	630	325	300	410	210	200
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	12,600	14,300	10,500	15,900	16,800	13,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	21,500	16,600	24,200	24,600	23,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	62.1	69.2	55.0	76.0	77.0	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.2	66.8	49.6	69.2	71.0	67.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	37.9	30.8	45.0	24.1	23.2	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.8	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	14.4	16.5	12.2	9.4	10.4	8.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	12.7	15.3	10.1	8.7	9.8	7.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,715	860	855	960	525	430
Without total income	115	65	50	40	20	20
With total income	1,600	795	805	920	510	410
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	85	90	75	45	35
$10,000 to $19,999	245	135	105	155	90	65
$20,000 to $29,999	350	170	175	220	120	100
$30,000 to $39,999	295	150	145	120	80	45
$40,000 to $49,999	230	95	135	95	40	50
$50,000 to $59,999	130	65	65	50	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	75	40	40	45	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	45	25	20	40	20	20
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	35	20	15
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	55	35	20
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	0	45	30	15
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,715	860	855	960	525	430
Without after-tax income	115	65	50	40	20	20
With after-tax income	1,600	795	805	920	510	410
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	85	90	75	45	35
$10,000 to $19,999	250	135	115	160	90	70
$20,000 to $29,999	410	215	200	255	140	115
$30,000 to $39,999	325	160	165	145	85	65
$40,000 to $49,999	230	95	135	75	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	115	50	60	65	30	35
$60,000 to $69,999	45	20	25	60	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	15	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	20	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	10	5	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,715	860	855	960	525	430
Without employment income	550	225	330	290	150	140
With employment income	1,160	630	525	670	380	290
Under $5,000 (including loss)	165	80	85	95	55	40
$5,000 to $9,999	185	95	90	90	50	45
$10,000 to $19,999	200	105	95	105	50	50
$20,000 to $29,999	160	85	75	75	40	35
$30,000 to $39,999	130	80	50	60	35	20
$40,000 to $49,999	115	55	60	50	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	75	50	25	30	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	60	35	20	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	15	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	35	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	10	15	0	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	45	30	15
$100,000 to $124,999	10	10	0	30	25	10
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	15	10	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,715	860	855	960	530	435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,520	755	765	900	495	405
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,400	26,000	25,400	25,000	25,000	24,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,520	755	765	900	495	405
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	24,800	24,600	24,000	24,200	23,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,255	655	605	725	400	325
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	20,400	24,000	16,800	27,200	28,800	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,095	600	490	640	365	280
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,200	25,800	20,400	28,200	29,600	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,370	660	710	715	390	330
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,240	2,520	9,800	2,780	2,440	3,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	125	70	55	45	25	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	4,760	4,480	5,760	6,000	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,830	920	910	980	535	445
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	780	785	910	500	410
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,080	28,100	28,000	38,200	38,200	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,565	780	785	910	500	410
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	25,480	26,100	32,300	32,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,255	675	580	765	435	335
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	26,900	23,200	38,900	38,600	39,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,090	630	460	685	400	290
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,250	27,800	26,500	40,200	39,400	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,440	695	740	710	380	325
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,520	5,370	11,480	7,020	6,180	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	115	70	45	55	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	7,200	5,000	6,200	9,500	3,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,830	920	910	980	535	445
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	390	215	180	260	160	100
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	36,000	36,000	36,400	56,400	65,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	38,800	40,800	36,400	62,800	61,200	65,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	495	280	215	360	200	160
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	20,000	19,400	23,200	24,000	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,300	23,600	20,800	28,300	27,400	29,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	72.0	82.8	61.2	85.6	88.0	83.0
Employment income (%)	67.6	80.0	55.6	79.6	82.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)	28.0	17.2	38.6	14.3	12.4	16.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	2.4	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	860	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	47,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	260	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	595	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	60,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	865	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,200	...	...	67,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,300	...	...	57,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	860	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	80	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	115	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	860	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	555	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	390	235	160	485	295	190
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,000	26,400	27,400	32,000	30,400	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	25,800	25,400	25,800	29,000	28,600	31,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	570	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,800	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	365	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,800	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	440	260	180	465	260	205
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,200	25,400	27,400	49,800	50,800	48,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	23,500	23,000	24,400	41,800	42,400	40,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,450	1,235	1,215	1,050	580	475
0 to 17 years	815	420	395	110	60	45
0 to 5 years	305	145	160	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	1,505	750	755	790	440	350
65 years and over	130	65	65	150	80	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	575	275	305	300	175	135
0 to 17 years	195	90	105	40	25	10
0 to 5 years	95	35	60	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	320	155	165	185	100	85
65 years and over	60	25	30	80	45	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.6	22.2	25.0	29.0	30.0	27.6
0 to 17 years (%)	24.2	22.0	26.4	38.0	48.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	31.6	26.0	36.0	40.0	40.0	40.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.2	20.4	22.0	23.6	23.6	23.6
65 years and over (%)	46.0	44.0	52.0	50.0	52.0	48.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,450	1,235	1,215	1,050	575	470
0 to 17 years	815	415	395	105	60	50
0 to 5 years	300	145	160	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	1,505	750	750	790	435	355
65 years and over	130	65	65	155	80	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380	190	185	195	125	75
0 to 17 years	105	45	55	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	50	15	30	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	245	125	120	150	95	55
65 years and over	30	15	10	25	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	15.5	15.5	15.5	18.8	21.2	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	11.6	14.4	20.0	24.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.2	12.0	18.0	16.0	20.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	16.2	16.8	15.6	19.2	21.6	16.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	28.0	20.0	16.0	18.0	16.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,450	1,235	1,215	1,050	575	475
In bottom half of the distribution	2,165	1,090	1,075	785	435	350
In bottom decile	540	270	270	320	190	125
In second decile	415	220	200	140	70	70
In third decile	590	295	290	145	75	70
In fourth decile	405	195	210	80	45	35
In fifth decile	220	110	110	100	55	45
In top half of the distribution	280	145	140	265	145	120
In sixth decile	130	65	60	60	35	30
In seventh decile	90	40	50	80	45	40
In eighth decile	45	25	25	50	30	20
In ninth decile	20	15	5	40	20	15
In top decile	0	0	0	35	15	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,450	...	...	1,050	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.244	...	...	0.349	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...	0.550	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.217	...	...	0.305	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,555	1,275	1,280	1,245	700	540
English only	480	265	215	360	215	140
French only	805	380	425	155	60	90
English and French	1,140	575	565	670	395	275
Neither English nor French	125	55	75	65	30	40
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,555	1,275	1,280	1,245	700	540
English	735	390	345	520	320	205
French	1,330	640	685	550	300	255
English and French	365	195	170	105	60	45
Neither English nor French	125	55	70	60	30	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,555	1,275	1,280	1,245	700	540
Single responses	2,265	1,125	1,135	1,145	645	500
Official languages	865	415	450	640	375	270
English	255	110	150	210	135	75
French	600	300	305	425	235	190
Non-official languages	1,400	715	690	505	270	230
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,400	715	690	505	270	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	820	425	395	30	15	10
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	810	420	390	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	805	420	390	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	5	5	5
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	430	220	210	400	220	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	25	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	25	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	10	75	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages	260	145	120	240	130	115
Indo-Aryan languages	190	115	75	240	130	115
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	20	20	5	10	0	10
Hindi	10	5	5	45	20	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	50	35	120	60	55
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	30	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	30	45	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dari	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	55	50	55	35	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	60	30	35	50	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	35	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	20	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	20	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	145	145	100	55	45
English and French	35	20	15	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	40	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	115	50	60	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,555	1,275	1,280	1,245	700	540
English	235	120	115	210	130	85
French	560	280	280	385	210	175
Non-official language	515	265	250	230	125	110
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	515	265	250	230	125	110
English and French	130	60	70	85	50	35
English and non-official language(s)	260	135	125	140	75	60
French and non-official language(s)	525	245	280	65	40	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	295	155	135	110	60	50
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	20	15	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,555	1,275	1,280	1,245	700	540
Single responses	2,165	1,080	1,080	1,130	630	500
Official languages	1,245	615	625	775	445	330
English	380	195	185	290	180	110
French	865	420	445	485	265	220
Non-official languages	915	465	455	350	185	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	915	465	455	350	185	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	565	290	275	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	565	290	275	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	560	290	270	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	140	150	295	150	145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	80	205	105	95
Indo-Aryan languages	120	65	60	200	105	95
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	20	10	5
Gujarati	15	10	5	10	0	10
Hindi	5	0	0	40	20	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25	90	45	45
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	25	40	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Dari	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	25	25	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	395	195	195	115	70	45
English and French	40	20	20	20	15	5
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	35	25	10
French and non-official language(s)	205	100	105	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	30	20	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,555	1,280	1,280	1,245	700	545
None	1,620	820	800	905	505	400
English	165	85	80	120	60	65
French	210	95	120	40	30	10
Non-official language	305	145	165	70	45	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	305	145	165	70	45	25
English and French	85	45	40	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	55	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	5	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	30	25	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,080	580	500
Official languages	2,465	1,255	1,205	1,025	560	465
English	1,665	870	795	845	485	360
French	1,990	995	995	730	400	325
Non-official languages	2,105	1,070	1,035	610	340	270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,105	1,070	1,035	610	340	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,265	645	625	40	20	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,265	645	625	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,265	645	620	30	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	35	35	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	65	45	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tamil	50	30	20	65	45	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	330	275	495	260	240
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	45	15	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	10	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	80	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages	400	240	160	275	145	130
Indo-Aryan languages	320	200	120	255	130	125
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	25	20	10	15	10	0
Gujarati	60	50	15	0	0	0
Hindi	170	110	60	115	60	55
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	80	50	145	75	75
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	85	45	40	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Dari	85	45	45	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	70	135	65	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	25	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	105	45	55	105	55	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	130	55	70	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	585	500
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,575	1,315	1,260	1,085	585	500
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	585	500
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	585	500
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	865	...	...	615	...	...
Owner	35	...	...	215	...	...
Renter	835	...	...	405	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	865	...	...	615	...	...
Condominium	35	...	...	275	...	...
Not condominium	835	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	865	...	...	615	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	265	...	...	410	...	...
2 bedrooms	510	...	...	130	...	...
3 bedrooms	50	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	865	...	...	615	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	770	...	...	550	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	50	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	865	...	...	615	...	...
One person or fewer per room	670	...	...	565	...	...
More than one person per room	195	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	865	...	...	615	...	...
Suitable	520	...	...	515	...	...
Not suitable	345	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	865	...	...	615	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...	180	...	...
1961 to 1980	380	...	...	135	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	120	...	...	60	...	...
2001 to 2005	35	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	110	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	865	...	...	615	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	755	...	...	590	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	865	...	...	615	...	...
One-maintainer household	500	...	...	450	...	...
Two-maintainer household	285	...	...	155	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	865	...	...	615	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	155	...	...	130	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...	120	...	...
45 to 54 years	195	...	...	130	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...	85	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	55	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	865	...	...	610	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	610	...	...	490	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	865	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	600	...	...	235	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	185	...	...	100	...	...
Not suitable only	275	...	...	95	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	265	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	820	...	...	590	...	...
In core need	135	...	...	50	...	...
Not in core need	690	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	210	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.7	...	...	78.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	21.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,250	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	360,000	...	...	356,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...	405	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.6	...	...	21.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.9	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5	...	...	7.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...	740	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,038	...	...	792	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,580	1,320	1,265	1,085	585	500
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,570	1,310	1,265	1,065	570	495
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,585	1,315	1,260	1,080	585	500
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,690	845	845	685	360	325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	650	355	295	70	30	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,040	490	550	610	330	280
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	890	475	410	400	225	175
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,585	1,315	1,260	1,080	585	500
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	745	400	345	415	235	185
Immigrants⁸¹	1,545	725	815	425	225	200
Before 1980	35	20	15	100	50	45
1980 to 1990	65	25	40	50	10	40
1991 to 2000	155	70	85	75	50	30
2001 to 2010	405	175	230	85	55	25
2011 to 2021⁸²	885	440	450	120	55	65
2011 to 2015	305	170	130	35	25	15
2016 to 2021	585	265	315	85	35	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	290	190	105	245	130	115
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,545	725	815	425	225	200
Under 5 years	190	85	100	55	40	10
5 to 14 years	225	80	145	65	30	30
15 to 24 years	225	95	135	110	30	80
25 to 44 years	785	400	385	175	110	70
45 years and over	120	60	55	25	10	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,545	725	815	425	225	200
Americas	90	35	55	70	40	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	10	30	20	10	10
Europe	45	25	20	160	75	80
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	65	35	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	70	35	40
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	575	275	300	75	35	45
Algeria	100	40	55	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	180	90	90	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	245	120	125	70	30	35
Asia	835	395	440	115	70	45
Afghanistan	50	15	35	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	215	90	120	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	255	125	130	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	15	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	15	0	0
Pakistan	55	30	20	25	10	10
Sri Lanka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	55	40	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	580	265	320	85	30	50
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	165	70	100	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	15	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	0	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	45	25	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	20	0	0	0
Asia	395	190	205	35	15	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	175	85	85	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	580	500
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,855	920	935	670	355	315
Second generation¹⁰¹	640	355	285	140	75	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	85	45	40	270	150	115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,510	705	805	330	175	155
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	755	385	370	150	80	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	360	245	115	95	55	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	395	140	255	55	20	30
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	260	55	205	130	65	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	480	260	225	40	25	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,510	705	805	330	175	155
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	155	80	75	20	20	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	15	25	50	30	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	10	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	40	30	30	10	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,230	570	660	225	110	110
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	580	500
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,135	1,100	1,035	585	315	270
South Asian	370	225	145	325	175	155
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black	475	225	250	125	60	65
Filipino	40	10	30	0	0	0
Arab	1,025	525	500	30	20	15
Latin American	45	15	30	55	30	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Asian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	85	55	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	445	220	230	500	265	235
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,585	1,320	1,260	1,080	580	500
Canadian	95	50	45	50	20	30
English	10	10	0	25	10	15
Irish	10	0	0	50	20	30
Scottish	0	0	0	25	15	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	45	25	20	215	125	90
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italian	15	0	15	45	25	20
Indian (India)	200	145	55	165	70	95
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	50	15	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	40	10	30	0	0	0
French Canadian	10	10	0	40	25	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	30	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	60	30	25	30	15	20
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	165	90	75	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Punjabi	20	15	0	40	25	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	380	190	190	20	15	0
Greek	10	0	10	75	40	35
Jamaican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	270	115	150	10	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	25	20	0
Hindu	35	25	15	25	15	10
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	10	65	45	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	60	40	25	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20	15	0	0
Tamil	20	15	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	215	125	90	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	165	95	75	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	90	45	45	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	105	35	70	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	35	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Congolese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	80	45	30	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10	25	0	20
Cameroonian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,580	1,320	1,260	1,085	585	500
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	790	330	455	370	190	180
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	215	90	125	65	35	30
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	350	150	210	195	95	100
Christian Orthodox	115	45	65	65	30	40
Jehovah's Witness	25	0	20	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	25	15	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	10	10	30	15	10
Hindu	150	95	50	110	50	60
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	1,330	700	630	150	90	60
Sikh	80	50	30	80	40	40
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	0	15	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	205	125	85	360	210	150
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,545	1,300	1,245	1,075	575	500
Non-movers	2,210	1,085	1,120	870	470	395
Movers	330	210	125	205	105	105
Non-migrants	235	140	95	145	70	70
Migrants	95	70	30	65	30	30
Internal migrants	30	10	20	50	30	15
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	30	20	10
External migrants	65	55	15	15	10	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,375	1,195	1,180	1,040	560	485
Non-movers	1,010	505	505	495	270	225
Movers	1,370	695	675	540	290	255
Non-migrants	555	285	270	230	130	100
Migrants	815	410	400	310	155	155
Internal migrants	115	50	65	55	30	20
Intraprovincial migrants	65	15	50	30	20	10
Interprovincial migrants	50	35	10	25	15	10
External migrants	695	365	340	250	125	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	920	910	980	535	445
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	395	185	215	245	130	115
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,435	740	695	730	405	325
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,290	660	630	695	390	305
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	240	115	125	135	65	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,050	545	505	565	320	235
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,830	920	910	975	530	445
No certificate, diploma or degree	330	150	185	210	115	100
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	385	205	175	155	105	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,120	565	555	615	320	295
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	260	315	270	125	145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	210	80	125	85	45	40
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	60	120	50	35	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	25	10	35	10	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	290	140	150	155	75	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	40	40	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	545	310	240	345	195	150
Bachelor's degree	335	160	175	145	75	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	40	20	45	35	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	130	95	40	130	65	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	0	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,285	660	625	695	390	310
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	80	95	130	60	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	180	80	95	85	55	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	935	500	435	485	280	205
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	225	235	185	100	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	75	95	55	45	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	50	90	40	30	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	20	10	15	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	230	120	110	110	50	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	30	30	20	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	475	275	200	300	175	120
Bachelor's degree	280	135	140	120	70	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	40	15	45	30	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	115	80	40	115	65	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	20	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,830	920	910	975	530	445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	710	350	355	365	220	150
Education	50	10	40	30	10	25
13. Education	50	10	40	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	30	10	75	60	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	25	10	75	55	20
Humanities	55	20	35	60	25	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	30	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	40	95	90	40	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	20	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	55	25	25
Business, management and public administration	285	115	170	140	70	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	15	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280	115	165	125	60	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35	50	25	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	35	40	25	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	245	210	35	45	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	140	120	25	30	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	30	10	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	110	35	75	55	10	45
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	30	75	50	0	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	15	30	35	30	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	30	20	15	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,290	660	630	700	395	305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	350	160	190	210	110	95
Education	35	0	30	15	0	15
13. Education	35	0	30	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	30	0	70	50	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	25	0	65	45	25
Humanities	35	20	15	50	20	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	30	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	35	75	70	35	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	20	40	20	20
Business, management and public administration	245	105	145	120	65	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	15	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	100	140	105	55	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	20	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	40	25	35	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	25	25	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	210	185	20	45	40	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	120	105	15	25	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	30	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	100	35	65	35	0	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	95	30	65	30	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	30	30	30	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	0	30	25	15	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,290	660	630	700	395	305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	350	160	190	210	110	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	935	500	435	485	280	210
Location of study inside Canada	415	210	205	325	190	135
Same as province or territory of residence	375	185	190	305	180	130
Different than province or territory of residence	40	25	15	15	15	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	520	290	235	160	90	70
Americas	20	0	15	10	0	0
United States of America	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	70	40	25	80	40	40
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	70	40	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	200	120	80	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	35	15	0	0	0
Asia	235	120	115	65	35	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	30	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	70	30	40	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	60	50	10	45	20	30
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,830	920	910	975	535	445
In the labour force	1,160	645	510	700	395	305
Employed	1,005	555	450	610	340	270
Unemployed	150	90	55	100	60	35
Not in the labour force	675	275	400	275	135	140
Participation rate	63.4	70.1	56.0	71.8	73.8	68.5
Employment rate	54.9	60.3	49.5	62.6	63.6	60.7
Unemployment rate	12.9	14.0	10.8	14.3	15.2	11.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,830	920	910	975	530	445
Did not work¹⁸⁶	740	335	405	275	140	135
Worked	1,090	590	500	705	395	310
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	410	225	175	270	165	105
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	685	360	325	430	230	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.3	36.9	35.6	35.6	35.5	35.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,155	640	515	705	400	305
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	25	15	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480	675	385	290
Employee	990	540	450	590	330	265
Permanent position	805	460	340	495	295	200
Temporary position	185	75	105	95	35	55
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	30	35	50	10	45
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	120	50	70	45	25	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	115	85	35	85	60	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,155	640	515	705	400	305
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	25	15	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480	675	385	290
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	185	70	110	120	65	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	105	75	25	80	45	35
3 Health occupations	90	30	60	35	0	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	80	10	70	60	30	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10	60	50	15
6 Sales and service occupations	280	160	120	165	95	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	215	185	30	95	75	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	15	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	80	45	45	15	35
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,155	640	515	705	400	305
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	25	15	10
All industries¹⁹¹	1,105	620	480	675	385	290
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	10	15	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	35	25	10	10	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	185	120	60	70	30	40
41 Wholesale trade	35	20	15	20	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	175	85	95	95	45	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	135	35	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	25	0	15	45	30	20
52 Finance and insurance	60	40	20	25	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	20	25	95	65	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	60	15	10	10	0
61 Educational services	45	10	30	65	25	40
62 Health care and social assistance	130	30	100	55	20	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	45	30	15	35	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	10	20	25	25	0
91 Public administration	15	0	15	25	15	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,230	695	540	735	410	325
English	295	180	120	185	110	75
French	400	205	190	255	120	130
Non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and French	455	260	195	225	145	75
English and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	25	0	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	45	25	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,230	695	540	735	410	325
Single responses	1,090	630	465	680	365	310
Official languages	1,065	615	450	655	360	300
English	465	285	180	275	180	105
French	595	330	265	380	190	195
Non-official languages	25	10	15	20	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	15	20	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	65	75	55	40	10
English and French	115	55	65	40	30	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,230	695	540	735	410	325
None	850	455	395	475	265	210
English	175	110	70	140	65	75
French	160	95	60	75	55	15
Non-official language	15	10	0	20	15	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,005	555	455	605	340	270
Worked at home	150	75	75	190	110	85
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	160	140	15	80	45	40
Usual place of work	700	335	365	335	185	150
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	695	335	365	335	185	150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	555	260	295	240	130	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	75	35	45	45	25	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	40	25	50	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	855	480	380	420	235	185
Car, truck or van	500	315	190	145	90	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	440	295	140	140	85	55
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	70	20	50	0	0	0
Public transit	285	125	160	180	70	105
Walked	45	25	20	45	35	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other method	20	10	10	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	855	480	380	420	235	185
Less than 15 minutes	130	45	80	65	45	20
15 to 29 minutes	300	195	105	135	85	55
30 to 44 minutes	175	105	70	145	60	75
45 to 59 minutes	120	65	60	25	15	10
60 minutes and over	130	70	60	45	25	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	855	480	380	420	235	185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	30	15	20	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	135	75	55	30	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	170	80	90	95	55	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	175	95	80	65	30	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	100	55	50	75	50	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	225	140	85	125	55	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	820	425	405	115	65	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	75	65	25	20	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	685	350	340	90	45	45
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	570	305	265	80	45	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	60	50	20	15	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	40	15	10	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	465	245	215	60	30	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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