Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663219More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662164More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660961More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	596	...	...	721	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	546	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	255	...	...	396	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	256	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	243	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	246	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9,983.2	...	...	4,472.7	...	...	6.5	...	...	7,924.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	0.16	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	595	300	295	715	300	420	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	545	270	270
0 to 14 years	105	65	35	35	15	30	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	85	50	40
0 to 4 years	25	20	10	10	5	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	25	10	15
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	15	5	10	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	20	10
10 to 14 years	35	20	10	10	5	10	489,425	250,855	238,570	35	20	10
15 to 64 years	380	185	190	210	125	90	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	350	175	180
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	15	5	5	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	10	15
20 to 24 years	40	20	20	15	15	5	460,660	235,250	225,405	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	35	10	25	30	20	10	527,150	266,455	260,700	30	10	15
30 to 34 years	25	10	15	25	20	10	536,040	267,770	268,270	30	15	15
35 to 39 years	45	25	20	15	10	5	550,425	274,350	276,075	35	15	25
40 to 44 years	50	25	25	15	15	5	572,565	286,405	286,160	30	15	15
45 to 49 years	40	25	20	10	0	10	516,465	259,565	256,905	55	25	30
50 to 54 years	30	10	20	30	15	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	40	25	15
55 to 59 years	45	25	25	25	15	10	615,690	307,230	308,465	45	20	20
60 to 64 years	30	20	10	35	20	15	625,610	307,710	317,900	45	25	20
65 years and over	115	50	70	470	160	305	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	105	50	55
65 to 69 years	30	10	20	55	25	30	541,970	264,020	277,950	40	25	20
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	50	25	30	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	5	10
75 to 79 years	35	15	15	40	10	25	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	10	0	5	65	40	30	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	10	10
85 years and over	20	5	10	255	60	195	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	95	35	55	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	145	20	125	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15	0	10	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	21.7	11.9	4.9	5.0	7.1	16.4	17.0	15.8	15.6	18.5	14.8
15 to 64 years	63.9	61.7	64.4	29.4	41.7	21.4	63.0	63.9	62.1	64.2	64.8	66.7
65 years and over	19.3	16.7	23.7	65.7	53.3	72.6	20.6	19.1	22.1	19.3	18.5	20.4
85 years and over	3.4	1.7	3.4	35.7	20.0	46.4	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.8	1.9	1.9
Average age of the population	41.9	39.2	44.6	67.3	61.4	71.4	42.8	41.8	43.7	43.2	42.6	43.8
Median age of the population	41.6	40.0	44.0	75.0	67.5	82.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	46.0	46.4	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	5	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	60	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	170	...	...	0	...	...	271,245	...	...	145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	70	...	...	100	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	265	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
1 person	70	...	...	285	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	55	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	15	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	5	...	...	427,605	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	595	300	295	525	245	280	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	545	275	270
Average household size	2.5	...	...	1.4	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	495	235	260	680	285	395	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	455	225	235
Married or living common-law	285	145	145	140	80	55	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	250	130	125
Married	205	105	100	105	65	35	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	185	95	90
Living common-law	80	40	40	35	15	20	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	70	35	30
Living common law - Never married	70	35	35	30	15	20	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	45	20	25
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0	0	0	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	15	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	205	85	115	540	205	335	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	205	90	110
Not married and not living common law - Never married	160	80	80	205	115	90	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	140	70	70
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	45	35	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	5	20	65	30	35	494,210	197,455	296,755	40	20	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	15	225	20	200	380,100	89,515	290,580	15	0	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	165	...	...	70	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	50	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	10	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	5	...	...	412,850	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	5	...	...	187,600	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	65	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	145	...	...
Total couple families	140	...	...	40	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	100	...	...	20	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	5	...	...	502,020	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	15	...	...	609,605	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	40	...	...	20	...	...	828,005	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	5	...	...	401,885	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	15	...	...	426,120	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	30	...	...	383,775	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	25	...	...	284,025	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	545	275	270
Total - Persons in census families	490	245	240	180	85	95	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	415	215	200
Married spouses or common-law partners	290	145	140	80	35	40	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	240	120	115
Parents in one-parent families	20	0	20	30	5	25	383,780	99,755	284,020	20	5	20
Children⁶	180	100	75	75	40	30	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	155	85	70
In a two-parent family	150	90	65	30	15	10	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	120	65	55
In a one-parent family	30	15	15	45	20	20	585,820	317,400	268,415	30	20	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	105	55	55	340	160	185	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	130	60	70
Living alone	70	30	40	290	130	160	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	100	45	55
Living with other relatives⁷	15	10	5	20	10	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	20	10	5
Living with non-relatives only	25	15	5	30	20	10	268,810	158,325	110,485	15	5	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	250	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	65	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	130	...	...	35	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	110	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	10	...	...	851,835	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	30	...	...	982,260	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	25	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	15	...	...	139,280	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	70	...	...	290	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	100	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	495	235	260	485	235	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	460	225	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	475	225	250	475	230	245	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	445	215	225
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	39,200	38,000	23,200	23,800	23,000	40,800	44,800	37,200	37,200	39,200	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	475	225	250	475	230	245	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	445	215	225
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	34,400	35,200	23,200	23,400	23,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	34,000	34,800	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	200	225	260	135	130	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	400	205	200
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	38,400	26,600	15,600	18,000	13,800	33,600	39,600	28,000	28,400	32,800	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	165	170	155	90	65	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	315	150	165
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	40,000	26,400	23,000	20,600	29,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	34,400	38,400	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	410	180	230	440	200	235	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	375	175	205
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	10,800	14,900	20,200	19,200	20,600	11,500	10,200	12,300	12,700	14,000	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	40	25	30	25	10	837,635	441,080	396,550	60	30	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,200	6,500	6,000	6,000	x	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,280	5,160	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	155	75	80	90	60	35	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	165	85	80
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	14,000	14,000	14,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	520	235	285	475	225	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	435	200	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	225	265	470	225	245	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	415	195	220
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	49,200	44,000	32,800	30,600	34,800	51,160	57,550	44,960	47,000	52,000	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	225	265	470	225	245	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	415	195	220
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	41,600	38,400	29,000	27,400	30,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	39,200	42,000	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	425	185	240	265	135	130	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	370	175	195
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,200	46,800	34,800	29,800	26,400	33,500	45,480	52,900	38,000	41,400	48,400	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	160	190	165	100	65	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	310	145	160
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	33,200	32,800	28,400	40,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	44,400	53,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	170	245	435	205	235	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	360	160	205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	12,500	14,000	17,200	16,000	18,200	12,410	11,500	13,220	11,440	10,200	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80	35	40	20	0	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	50	20	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	4,400	12,000	4,400	...	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	7,000	3,600	9,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	150	70	85	115	70	45	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	135	70	65
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,600	9,400	13,200	13,200	13,200	8,130	7,910	8,390	7,900	7,800	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	520	235	285	475	230	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	435	200	235
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	80	60	65	35	35	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	175	85	85
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	58,000	52,400	53,200	x	52,400	58,400	62,800	53,600	50,400	52,400	42,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,000	61,000	60,000	58,000	52,000	64,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	61,200	72,000	51,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	165	70	100	80	50	30	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	120	50	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	18,000	18,600	10,100	7,750	13,100	18,600	21,400	16,600	21,200	29,400	14,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	35,000	24,400	18,000	19,000	16,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	24,800	31,000	19,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.5	80.0	71.0	51.0	52.0	50.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	79.0	84.0	73.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.6	66.0	53.0	35.0	42.0	30.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	69.0	76.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.6	19.6	29.2	49.2	47.0	51.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	21.2	15.6	26.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	1.6	4.0	0.6	x	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.8	0.8	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.5	7.0	7.8	11.7	15.0	9.0	5.4	4.8	6.1	6.4	6.0	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.4	6.0	6.6	10.0	13.0	7.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	5.4	5.6	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	495	235	260	485	230	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	225	235
Without total income	20	10	10	15	5	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	5	10
With total income	475	225	250	475	225	245	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	445	220	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	15	35	15	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	75	40	35	809,375	334,315	475,065	45	20	25
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	40	210	95	115	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	70	30	40	55	30	30	896,520	414,070	482,445	80	35	40
$40,000 to $49,999	45	15	35	30	15	20	849,005	411,680	437,325	60	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	45	20	25	25	15	10	687,020	345,720	341,305	40	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	15	5	5	503,110	271,695	231,415	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	15	5	5	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	5	15
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	5	5	0	284,690	158,760	125,930	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	5	0	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	40	25	15	10	0	5	556,780	365,700	191,080	30	20	5
$100,000 to $149,999	35	20	15	5	0	0	385,890	245,635	140,260	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	5	0	0	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	495	235	260	485	230	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	225	235
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	15	5	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	5	10
With after-tax income	475	225	250	475	225	245	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	445	220	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	25	40	15	20	495,035	214,000	281,030	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	75	40	35	853,250	356,480	496,765	45	20	30
$20,000 to $29,999	100	50	50	210	100	115	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	95	50	50
$30,000 to $39,999	75	25	55	70	30	40	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	90	45	45
$40,000 to $49,999	60	25	35	35	20	15	994,235	505,970	488,265	60	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	20	20	10	10	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	10	10	5	459,665	251,490	208,170	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	10	5	5	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	20	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	0	0	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	10	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	0	0	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	10	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	0	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	495	235	260	485	230	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	455	225	235
Without employment income	155	70	85	330	140	190	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	145	70	70
With employment income	340	160	175	160	95	65	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	310	155	160
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	25	30	30	20	10	644,075	331,770	312,300	35	20	20
$5,000 to $9,999	35	15	20	20	15	10	401,185	180,585	220,595	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	25	20	15	5	603,350	273,725	329,620	45	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	15	20	15	5	495,105	228,670	266,435	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	30	10	20	15	10	5	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	20	10	5	5	485,845	242,230	243,610	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	25	10	15	5	5	403,980	217,425	186,560	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	0	0	0	320,700	184,770	135,935	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	10	5	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	5	0	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	0	0	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	25	20	10	0	0	0	422,055	285,910	136,145	20	15	0
$100,000 to $124,999	15	15	0	0	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	10	10	5	0	0	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	10	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	495	235	260	485	235	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	460	225	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	465	225	245	470	225	240	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	435	210	225
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	34,800	21,200	21,000	21,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	35,600	41,200	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	470	225	245	470	225	240	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	435	210	225
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	32,000	21,200	21,000	21,200	34,000	37,600	30,600	32,000	35,600	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	430	210	225	270	135	140	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	395	195	200
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,400	29,600	15,900	18,400	12,800	34,800	40,400	29,200	31,400	33,600	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	340	170	175	165	95	70	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	310	150	160
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	39,200	30,600	22,800	20,600	23,800	36,400	41,200	31,800	37,200	43,600	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	375	165	210	420	200	230	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	355	160	195
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320	3,180	8,700	17,000	15,000	18,400	7,800	5,640	9,100	6,500	4,720	7,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	15	15	10	5	5	727,165	390,255	336,910	45	25	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	x	x	x	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,640	4,080	4,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	520	235	285	475	225	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	435	200	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	225	265	460	215	245	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	405	195	220
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,400	38,800	27,200	26,400	28,000	48,600	55,500	41,880	45,800	51,200	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	495	225	275	460	215	245	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	405	195	220
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,800	33,200	24,700	23,800	25,600	39,600	44,000	35,320	38,200	41,200	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	440	205	235	275	140	140	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	375	180	195
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	43,600	35,200	25,400	26,400	24,400	45,920	53,800	37,920	42,200	48,800	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	350	165	180	175	100	75	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	305	145	160
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	46,000	34,000	28,200	26,000	31,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	44,800	54,000	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	395	165	235	425	190	230	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	335	135	200
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,760	8,900	8,700	13,050	11,000	14,800	9,450	8,430	10,320	8,560	7,400	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35	30	0	0	0	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	50	25	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	...	...	...	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	5,600	4,400	6,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	520	235	285	475	230	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	435	200	235
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	80	60	65	35	35	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	175	85	85
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	53,600	53,600	52,800	x	50,800	54,800	60,000	49,200	46,800	48,000	38,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	60,000	54,000	50,000	44,000	56,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	58,400	70,000	48,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	65	80	75	45	30	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	115	55	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	28,000	22,400	12,900	13,000	x	23,600	27,200	21,000	25,800	31,200	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,000	39,000	29,600	21,000	23,000	17,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	30,800	37,000	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	86.0	80.0	56.0	64.0	50.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	85.0	90.0	79.0
Employment income (%)	66.5	73.0	60.0	40.0	46.0	34.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	74.0	80.0	65.0
Government transfers (%)	16.6	13.8	19.6	44.0	36.5	50.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	15.2	10.4	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	2.4	x	x	...	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.4	1.0	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	26,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	25,800	...	...	63,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	70	...	...	290	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	23,200	...	...	38,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	23,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	90	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	54,400	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	41,200	...	...	92,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	36,400	...	...	75,200	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	295	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	30,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	39,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	27,400	...	...	39,640	...	...	34,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	80	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	15	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	82,470	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	130	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	35	...	...	144,420	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	143,285	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	310,880	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	280,505	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	255,770	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	25	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	307,835	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	239,060	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	245	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	245	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	15	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	87,695	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	130	...	...	234,875	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	177,135	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	180,150	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	356,325	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	289,580	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	0	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	15	...	...	892,775	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	225,830	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	5	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	75	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	54,400	...	...	84,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	30	...	...	991,710	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	48,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	43,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	15	...	...	907,765	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	x	...	...	130,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	x	...	...	110,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	25	...	...	368,845	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	52,800	...	...	69,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	48,800	...	...	61,600	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	95	45	50	320	150	175	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	110	50	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	31,600	37,600	23,000	23,800	22,800	36,800	39,200	34,800	39,600	43,600	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	28,600	33,600	23,000	23,600	22,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	34,400	38,400	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	155	...	...	65	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	30	...	...	992,110	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	0	...	...	909,160	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	...	...	...	151,200	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	...	...	...	121,300	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	30	...	...	367,155	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	44,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	95	40	55	325	145	180	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	110	55	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,000	52,000	54,000	30,500	30,000	31,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	40,000	44,000	37,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	42,000	44,000	27,700	27,600	27,800	38,040	39,400	36,640	35,000	37,000	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	595	300	295	520	245	280	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	545	275	275
0 to 17 years	125	80	45	50	15	30	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	105	60	45
0 to 5 years	35	25	10	15	5	15	515,725	264,785	250,935	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	355	175	180	205	115	85	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	330	165	170
65 years and over	115	50	70	275	110	160	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	105	50	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	45	25	20	250	105	150	992,235	463,295	528,940	60	25	35
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	15	5	10	159,530	82,000	77,530	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	0	5	53,105	27,240	25,870	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	20	15	5	60	35	30	515,470	256,435	259,035	30	15	15
65 years and over	20	5	10	175	65	110	317,235	124,865	192,370	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	8.0	7.2	48.4	42.0	54.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	11.6	10.0	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	32.0	30.0	36.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	8.0	8.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	16.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	7.0	3.0	30.0	28.0	32.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	9.0	8.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	16.0	16.0	65.0	60.0	68.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	22.0	20.0	28.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	545	275	270
0 to 17 years	125	75	45	50	20	30	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	110	55	50
0 to 5 years	35	25	10	15	0	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	350	175	180	205	120	85	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	335	165	170
65 years and over	120	50	70	270	110	165	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	105	50	55
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	25	10	155	65	90	439,850	223,055	216,795	35	15	20
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	5	0	10	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	20	15	0	55	30	25	313,970	167,015	146,955	20	10	15
65 years and over	5	0	0	95	30	60	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	7.2	3.2	30.0	26.0	33.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	6.0	4.5	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	5.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	10.0	2.0	27.0	26.0	28.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.8	5.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	3.0	x	x	34.5	30.0	38.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	6.0	x	8.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	595	300	295	520	245	280	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	545	270	270
In bottom half of the distribution	330	165	170	455	205	250	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	325	165	160
In bottom decile	35	25	10	240	100	140	851,840	407,705	444,140	50	25	30
In second decile	50	25	25	95	45	50	920,490	434,730	485,760	60	30	35
In third decile	95	40	50	60	30	30	969,255	471,650	497,600	75	40	40
In fourth decile	75	35	40	35	20	10	978,345	482,760	495,590	80	45	35
In fifth decile	70	35	40	25	15	15	947,090	473,285	473,810	50	30	20
In top half of the distribution	265	140	130	70	40	35	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	220	110	110
In sixth decile	65	30	35	25	15	15	899,660	454,970	444,690	65	30	35
In seventh decile	65	35	30	25	15	5	837,225	425,400	411,830	50	25	30
In eighth decile	65	35	30	10	5	5	752,410	383,450	368,955	45	25	20
In ninth decile	50	25	20	0	0	0	634,425	325,700	308,730	40	25	20
In top decile	25	15	15	5	0	5	517,725	267,160	250,565	15	10	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	595	...	...	525	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	545	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.301	...	...	0.346	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.291	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.438	...	...	0.708	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.424	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.252	...	...	0.311	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
English only	20	15	10	100	45	50	445,575	228,840	216,735	80	40	45
French only	230	115	115	205	80	125	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	95	45	55
English and French	330	165	160	200	110	90	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	360	195	165
Neither English nor French	15	0	10	20	5	15	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
English	50	25	20	155	85	70	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	190	90	100
French	480	250	235	320	145	180	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	270	145	125
English and French	60	25	30	30	15	15	329,515	169,050	160,465	80	40	35
Neither English nor French	15	0	10	15	5	15	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
Single responses	565	285	285	490	225	265	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	490	250	240
Official languages	380	200	180	375	165	205	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	325	170	160
English	25	10	10	100	50	50	639,365	323,170	316,195	115	50	60
French	360	190	170	280	120	160	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	215	115	100
Non-official languages	185	85	100	115	60	55	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	165	80	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	85	100	115	60	55	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	20	15	5	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	10	5
Berber languages	30	15	10	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	15	10	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	15	10	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	15	10	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	5	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	45	60	30	25	595,790	290,670	305,115	115	55	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	10	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	30	20	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	10	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	30	20	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	5	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	20	15	5
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	10	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	10	5	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	10	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	5	5	5	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	10	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	10	5	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	25	15	15	346,000	167,870	178,130	45	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	5	90,940	44,080	46,865	15	5	15
Portuguese	30	20	15	0	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	5	0
Romanian	5	0	5	5	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	5	5
Spanish	20	10	10	15	5	5	177,155	86,490	90,660	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	5	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	20	10	10	87,540	40,170	47,375	10	5	5
Chinese languages	15	5	10	20	10	10	87,155	39,990	47,160	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	5	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	10	5	5	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	10	35	15	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	55	25	30
English and French	5	5	5	15	10	10	126,405	64,585	61,820	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	5	5	0	94,205	46,880	47,320	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
English	25	10	10	120	65	65	623,305	313,780	309,520	125	65	55
French	370	195	175	275	120	155	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	185	90	90
Non-official language	65	25	40	45	20	20	366,730	177,410	189,315	60	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	25	40	45	20	20	343,650	165,830	177,825	60	30	30
English and French	20	10	10	30	10	20	497,380	256,735	240,645	45	25	25
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	15	5	10	205,755	102,290	103,470	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	15	5	10	375,795	179,585	196,210	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	20	15	10	284,940	141,275	143,665	60	30	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
Single responses	545	270	270	500	235	270	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	475	235	235
Official languages	450	240	215	435	205	235	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	375	195	185
English	35	20	15	135	70	65	874,185	438,570	435,615	155	80	75
French	415	215	195	300	135	165	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	220	115	105
Non-official languages	90	40	55	70	35	35	662,615	322,860	339,750	100	45	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	40	55	70	35	35	628,365	305,820	322,555	100	45	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	15	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	10	5	5
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5	104,890	53,505	51,380	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	10	5	5	102,120	52,125	49,990	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	25	35	30	15	20	336,635	164,100	172,535	80	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	15	10	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	15	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	20	5	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	10	0	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	5	5	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	10	0	10
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	10	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	10	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	25	10	5	5	182,585	88,060	94,525	30	5	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	5	0	10
Portuguese	25	15	15	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	5	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	20	10	10	67,120	31,725	35,390	10	5	0
Chinese languages	5	5	5	20	10	10	66,880	31,610	35,275	10	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	5	5	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	10	5	5	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	25	20	10	10	357,245	176,070	181,175	70	35	35
English and French	5	5	5	15	5	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	5	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0	0	0	116,595	56,445	60,150	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	15	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	595	305	295	525	245	275	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	545	275	270
None	500	255	240	460	210	250	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	410	205	200
English	15	5	10	20	15	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	40	25	20
French	25	10	15	5	0	5	259,425	127,380	132,040	20	5	10
Non-official language	35	15	20	15	5	5	269,715	129,830	139,890	35	20	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	15	5	5	264,405	127,330	137,070	35	20	15
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	5	0	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	610	285	325	485	225	255	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	535	260	270
Official languages	605	285	315	470	225	240	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	530	260	270
English	360	165	195	305	160	140	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	425	220	210
French	575	270	305	360	175	185	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	475	235	240
Non-official languages	335	155	180	140	75	60	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	225	105	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	335	155	180	135	70	60	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	225	105	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	40	10	10	0	385,210	201,105	184,100	0	0	0
Berber languages	55	30	25	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	55	30	25	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	40	25	10	10	0	363,875	190,005	173,870	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	25	10	10	0	343,675	179,750	163,930	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	25	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	10	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	70	80	70	40	30	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	170	85	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	40	25	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	25	15	15	95,385	45,060	50,330	35	25	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	20	15	15	94,580	44,695	49,885	35	25	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	25	25	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	50	35	25	10	684,830	324,095	360,735	95	35	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	0	0	10	168,040	82,400	85,645	20	0	20
Portuguese	40	25	15	10	0	10	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	20	15	10
Spanish	50	30	20	25	15	10	453,905	210,400	243,505	50	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	25	10	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	10	0	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	30	10	20	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	10	20	30	10	20	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	25	10	20	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	20	10	10	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	610	285	325	485	225	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	265	270
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	10	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	605	280	325	475	225	255	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	530	260	270
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	610	285	325	485	225	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	265	270
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	610	285	325	480	225	255	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	535	265	270
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Owner	110	...	...	40	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	140	...	...	335	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	155	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	20	...	...	515,590	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	240	...	...	355	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	290	...	...	623,295	...	...	60	...	...
2 bedrooms	65	...	...	60	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	25	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	60	...	...	335	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	110	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	25	...	...	645,635	...	...	50	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	20	...	...	435,225	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	403,225	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	20	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.3	...	...	3.3	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
One person or fewer per room	235	...	...	375	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	240	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Suitable	235	...	...	360	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	215	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	15	...	...	142,775	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
1960 or before	75	...	...	130	...	...	879,375	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	165	...	...	165	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	115	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	30	...	...	509,120	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	45	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	225	...	...	365	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	225	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	10	...	...	236,110	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
One-maintainer household	145	...	...	325	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	135	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	45	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	100	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	25	...	...	525,540	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	60	...	...	25	...	...	647,165	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	30	...	...	628,630	...	...	50	...	...
55 to 64 years	60	...	...	30	...	...	760,395	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	115	...	...	629,965	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	55	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	75	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	250	...	...	370	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	245	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	215	...	...	290	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	75	...	...	595,690	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	75	...	...	542,060	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	250	...	...	375	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	100	...	...	901,440	...	...	65	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	25	...	...	75	...	...	537,090	...	...	35	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	190	...	...	275	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	250	...	...	370	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	235	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	50	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	240	...	...	315	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	40	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	85	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	43.5	...	...	87.5	...	...	62.2	...	...	76.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	1,220	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,700	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,880	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	580,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	560,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	580,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135	...	...	335	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	155	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	58.2	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	21.2	...	...	25.2	...	...	12.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	15.2	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	452	...	...	810	...	...	760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	626	...	...	886	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	610	285	325	485	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	535	265	270
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	20	10	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	10	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	610	285	325	465	210	250	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	520	260	260
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	610	285	325	485	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	530	260	270
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	510	225	285	450	200	250	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	495	245	245
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70	25	40	15	0	10	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	120	70	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	445	200	245	440	195	240	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	380	180	195
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	100	65	35	30	25	0	518,265	264,490	253,775	35	15	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	610	285	325	485	230	260	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	530	260	270
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	340	160	185	325	145	185	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	365	195	165
Immigrants⁸¹	245	120	125	140	70	75	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	150	55	95
Before 1980	15	10	10	40	15	25	187,200	91,895	95,300	25	10	20
1980 to 1990	30	10	20	25	15	10	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	35	10	20	35	25	15	190,495	91,635	98,860	35	20	20
2001 to 2010	65	30	35	40	20	20	312,210	150,825	161,390	55	15	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	100	60	40	10	0	10	396,090	192,745	203,340	35	10	25
2011 to 2015	30	15	15	10	0	0	193,345	93,485	99,855	30	10	15
2016 to 2021	65	45	25	0	0	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	10	15	15	15	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	245	120	125	145	70	70	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	55	95
Under 5 years	15	15	0	10	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	50	30	15	15	15	0	201,385	101,555	99,835	15	0	15
15 to 24 years	50	10	40	20	10	15	213,035	96,175	116,860	30	20	15
25 to 44 years	100	50	50	70	40	35	594,845	292,975	301,875	75	25	55
45 years and over	30	10	25	20	10	15	89,045	41,505	47,540	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	245	120	125	145	70	70	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	55	95
Americas	55	20	35	45	25	25	264,885	121,740	143,145	40	15	25
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	15	10	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	15	0	10
Europe	30	20	10	35	25	10	309,015	154,110	154,910	75	30	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	35	10	25
Africa	80	50	35	15	10	10	302,010	153,655	148,355	15	0	10
Algeria	65	35	25	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	80	30	45	50	20	35	332,925	158,445	174,475	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	0	15	0	15	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	20	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	70	40	25	0	0	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	0	0	0
Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	610	285	325	485	225	255	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	535	260	270
First generation¹⁰⁰	270	130	140	165	85	75	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	165	65	105
Second generation¹⁰¹	115	45	70	70	35	35	883,485	446,000	437,490	100	70	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	225	110	115	255	100	150	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	265	130	135
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	230	110	120	105	55	45	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	125	50	80
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145	80	70	50	25	25	559,935	290,040	269,895	95	35	60
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	25	25	35	25	15	267,870	161,125	106,740	55	20	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	95	50	45	15	0	0	292,070	128,915	163,155	40	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	10	20	25	20	10	272,255	109,735	162,515	10	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	20	20	25	10	15	175,740	89,995	85,740	20	15	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	230	110	120	105	55	45	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	125	50	80
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	0	20	25	10	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	10	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	0	10	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	20	0	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	190	100	90	55	40	20	756,120	358,700	397,420	95	40	55
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	610	285	325	485	225	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	535	265	270
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	205	95	115	165	100	70	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	140	60	80
South Asian	35	15	15	10	10	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	40	10	30	30	10	15	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	25	15	10	80	45	35	422,405	206,335	216,070	75	30	45
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	15	10	0	15	10	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	0	0	0
Latin American	45	20	25	15	10	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	15	10	10
Southeast Asian	40	20	20	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	10	10	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	400	195	215	320	125	190	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	395	205	185
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	610	290	325	485	230	260	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	530	260	270
Canadian	75	25	50	135	55	80	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	110	55	55
English	0	0	0	25	0	20	177,710	88,910	88,800	0	0	0
Irish	30	20	10	15	0	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	25	15	10
Scottish	0	0	0	25	10	20	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	90	60	30	60	20	40	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	90	45	45
German	0	0	0	10	10	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	40	15	30	10	0	10	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15	10	0	0	316,315	157,600	158,720	25	0	20
Indian (India)	0	0	0	10	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	35	10	30	25	25	0	931,940	465,630	466,305	45	20	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	20	10	10	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	15	15	15	0	15	588,805	290,630	298,180	15	10	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	20	20	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	10	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	15	10	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	35	10	15	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	10	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	10	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	25	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	20	10	10	156,065	73,495	82,570	15	10	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	10	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	15	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	20	10	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	60	30	30	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	20	10	10
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	15	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	610	285	320	485	225	255	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	535	265	270
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	300	140	165	350	140	215	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	355	165	190
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	10	10	0	65	30	30	464,020	229,155	234,860	20	10	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	15	0	15	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	260	125	135	230	90	135	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	255	115	140
Christian Orthodox	20	0	10	15	10	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	35	20	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	10	0	10	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	10	0	10	104,790	48,840	55,950	25	15	15
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	130	70	60	10	10	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	20	0	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	170	75	95	110	75	35	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	150	95	60
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	605	285	320	485	230	260	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	530	260	270
Non-movers	505	225	280	410	190	215	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	500	245	255
Movers	100	55	45	80	35	40	945,290	466,750	478,540	30	10	15
Non-migrants	95	50	45	50	25	30	543,670	268,740	274,925	20	10	10
Migrants	10	10	0	25	15	10	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	15	10	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	575	265	310	485	225	255	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	510	245	265
Non-movers	315	120	195	310	130	180	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	355	180	175
Movers	265	150	110	170	100	75	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	155	70	90
Non-migrants	170	90	80	105	55	45	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	110	55	55
Migrants	90	60	30	65	40	30	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	45	15	25
Internal migrants	20	10	10	60	30	30	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	15	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	45	20	25	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	15	10	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	75	45	25	15	15	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	20	10	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	520	235	285	475	230	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	435	200	235
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	45	60	210	85	120	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	70	40	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	415	190	230	265	140	130	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	365	165	200
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	160	195	190	110	75	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	305	140	165
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	20	30	35	25	10	642,800	382,415	260,380	30	20	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	305	140	165	150	85	60	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	275	125	145
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	520	235	290	475	225	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	200	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	40	55	195	85	110	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	65	40	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	100	50	50	85	35	55	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	65	25	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	145	185	190	110	85	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	300	135	165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	75	105	105	50	55	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	180	75	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	20	25	50	30	20	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	50	20	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	15	25	30	15	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	30	10	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	30	20	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	15	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	40	55	40	10	30	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	110	40	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	15	30	15	0	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	20	15	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	70	80	90	65	30	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	120	65	65
Bachelor's degree	100	55	45	55	35	15	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	85	45	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	10	10	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	40	15	25	20	15	0	360,795	174,150	186,645	35	15	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	160	190	185	115	75	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	305	145	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	25	35	30	10	525,155	303,815	221,345	25	15	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	35	25	30	15	15	752,855	388,160	364,700	30	10	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255	115	140	120	70	50	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	250	115	130
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	50	65	50	25	25	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	130	55	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	15	0	30	20	10	836,455	498,385	338,075	30	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	0	0	15	10	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	20	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	10	10	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	15	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	30	45	25	10	15	838,140	372,455	465,685	80	35	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	0	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	20	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	135	60	75	70	45	25	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	115	55	55
Bachelor's degree	80	45	40	45	30	15	802,755	343,100	459,650	75	40	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	40	15	25	15	10	0	302,065	140,530	161,530	30	15	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	520	235	285	475	225	250	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	430	200	230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	195	90	105	280	120	165	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	130	65	65
Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	0	20
13. Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	20	0	15	10	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0	15	10	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	0	10
Humanities	20	0	15	30	20	10	228,770	90,810	137,960	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	10	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	25	25	15	10	430,845	142,280	288,570	35	15	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	15	10	10	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	15	15	0
Business, management and public administration	90	35	55	40	10	30	950,820	357,290	593,535	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	35	50	40	10	30	894,690	344,770	549,925	60	25	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	0	0	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10	0	0	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	20	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	0	55	55	0	866,885	778,835	88,060	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	15	15	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	25	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	20	15	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	65	15	55	10	0	10	515,215	101,455	413,760	50	0	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	55	0	55	10	0	10	470,150	78,875	391,275	45	0	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	355	160	195	190	110	75	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	305	140	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	100	50	50	70	45	25	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	55	30	30
Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	20	0	20
13. Education	0	0	0	15	0	15	195,595	39,630	155,965	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	10	10	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	15	0	10	10	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	10	0	10
Humanities	15	0	15	15	10	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	25	15	10	10	334,475	103,635	230,840	25	15	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	65	25	30	20	10	15	741,390	268,705	472,685	40	20	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	25	30	20	10	15	697,775	259,725	438,045	40	20	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	0	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	20	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	0	30	30	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	25	20	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	10	10	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	40	0	0	0	387,725	74,730	312,995	40	0	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	40	0	0	0	352,905	58,735	294,170	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	355	160	195	190	110	75	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	305	140	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	100	50	50	70	45	25	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	55	30	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	255	110	145	120	75	50	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	245	110	135
Location of study inside Canada	185	75	110	95	50	45	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	195	85	110
Same as province or territory of residence	180	70	110	90	50	45	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	180	75	105
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	20	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	35	30	25	15	10	414,490	209,160	205,330	50	25	25
Americas	10	10	10	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	10	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	30	10	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	15	0	10
Africa	35	15	15	10	10	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	15	10	10	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	10	10	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	520	235	290	470	225	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	430	200	230
In the labour force	315	145	170	160	95	70	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	315	150	170
Employed	280	135	150	140	75	65	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	290	140	145
Unemployed	40	15	20	25	20	0	335,015	176,245	158,775	30	0	20
Not in the labour force	200	90	110	315	140	175	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	115	50	65
Participation rate	60.6	61.7	58.6	34.0	42.2	28.6	64.1	67.4	60.9	73.3	75.0	73.9
Employment rate	53.8	57.4	51.7	29.8	33.3	26.5	59.3	62.3	56.3	67.4	70.0	63.0
Unemployment rate	12.7	10.3	11.8	15.6	21.1	0.0	7.6	7.7	7.4	9.5	0.0	11.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	520	235	285	475	225	250	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	430	200	230
Did not work¹⁸⁶	200	75	120	330	145	185	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	130	60	70
Worked	320	155	165	145	80	60	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	305	145	160
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	145	80	65	65	30	30	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	175	85	90
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	175	70	105	75	50	30	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	130	60	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.9	39.2	36.6	39.2	37.6	41.0	41.3	41.7	40.8	43.6	45.2	42.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	320	145	175	165	90	70	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	320	150	165
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	10	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	310	145	170	155	80	70	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	305	145	160
Employee	285	130	160	115	65	50	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	250	115	135
Permanent position	255	125	130	90	45	40	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	200	105	105
Temporary position	30	0	30	30	15	15	623,510	296,655	326,850	45	10	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	10	10	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	15	10	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	0	15	20	10	10	405,605	202,450	203,155	25	0	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	15	10	35	15	20	530,720	324,555	206,165	55	25	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	320	145	175	165	90	70	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	320	150	165
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	10	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	310	145	170	155	80	70	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	305	145	160
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	25	45	15	15	0	778,905	256,150	522,760	55	20	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	15	15	10	0	10	360,495	272,510	87,985	20	20	10
3 Health occupations	45	0	40	0	0	0	359,665	70,075	289,590	25	10	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	10	30	25	0	20	558,725	166,020	392,700	50	15	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	15	15	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	90	50	35	50	25	25	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	85	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	30	25	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	45	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	320	145	175	165	90	70	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	320	150	165
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	15	10	10
All industries¹⁹¹	310	145	170	155	80	70	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	305	145	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	10	10	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	25	25	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	15	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	20	10	10	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	0	10	10	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	25	15	10	0	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	15	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	20	10	25	10	15	345,345	193,365	151,985	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	15	0	15	0	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	0	15
61 Educational services	25	20	10	15	10	10	340,885	104,300	236,590	35	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	85	0	80	0	0	0	617,200	122,675	494,525	55	20	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	35	10	20	15	15	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	20	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	10	0	10	190,470	89,730	100,735	15	0	10
91 Public administration	20	0	10	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	15	0	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	340	160	180	170	95	70	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	315	150	165
English	20	10	15	55	25	30	350,525	195,385	155,145	45	15	30
French	220	105	115	60	35	25	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	105	55	50
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	80	35	45	45	35	15	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	145	70	75
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	15	0	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	340	160	180	170	95	70	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	315	150	165
Single responses	315	145	170	150	85	65	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	285	140	140
Official languages	315	145	170	150	85	60	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	285	140	140
English	35	15	15	75	40	30	668,485	365,785	302,695	80	35	50
French	280	125	150	75	50	30	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	200	110	90
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	10	15	10	10	269,365	142,370	126,995	30	10	25
English and French	20	15	10	15	10	10	249,945	132,640	117,300	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	340	160	180	170	95	70	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	315	150	165
None	270	125	140	125	65	55	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	180	85	95
English	50	20	35	15	15	0	720,960	391,075	329,885	85	45	35
French	10	0	0	10	10	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	35	20	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	280	130	150	140	75	65	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	290	140	145
Worked at home	65	40	25	25	10	15	897,770	435,285	462,480	65	30	40
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15	10	0	35	20	15	442,035	333,730	108,305	25	20	0
Usual place of work	200	80	125	80	40	35	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	95	105
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	200	80	120	80	40	30	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	100	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	185	70	115	65	30	25	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	145	80	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	25	10	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	0	0	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	25	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	215	90	125	110	65	50	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	115	105
Car, truck or van	115	60	55	75	35	45	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	165	85	80
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	50	55	60	35	25	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	155	75	80
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	15	0	15	150,535	63,495	87,040	10	10	0
Public transit	90	30	60	20	20	0	287,345	120,460	166,885	35	15	15
Walked	0	0	0	15	10	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	15	10	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	215	90	125	110	65	50	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	115	105
Less than 15 minutes	20	0	15	15	15	10	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	50	25	25
15 to 29 minutes	45	30	15	60	35	20	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	75	50	25
30 to 44 minutes	105	40	65	20	15	10	635,870	363,430	272,445	40	20	20
45 to 59 minutes	30	15	15	10	0	10	235,140	133,720	101,425	45	15	30
60 minutes and over	20	0	15	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	215	90	125	110	65	50	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	115	105
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	0	0	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	20	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	55	20	35	0	0	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	35	20	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	45	30	20	30	10	20	935,640	441,465	494,170	60	35	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	10	35	25	15	10	626,895	259,220	367,675	30	10	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	0	25	30	20	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	30	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	15	15	20	15	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	45	20	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	125	75	45	45	15	30	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	110	60	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	10	10	0	10	303,835	156,030	147,805	35	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	70	35	35	15	20	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	70	40	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	95	55	35	40	15	25	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	85	45	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	0	5	10	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	30	20	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	10	10	5	5	175,305	90,000	85,305	20	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	10	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	55	30	25	10	15	992,895	508,315	484,580	50	30	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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