Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663215More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663486More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	802	...	...	2,281	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	453	...	...	1,755	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	407	...	...	1,492	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,424.5	...	...	14,436.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.07	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	800	370	430	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 14 years	115	55	60	135	70	65
0 to 4 years	50	25	25	85	45	40
5 to 9 years	30	15	20	40	15	20
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	15	5	5
15 to 64 years	580	285	300	2,050	1,095	955
15 to 19 years	35	20	20	35	20	20
20 to 24 years	75	45	25	235	110	120
25 to 29 years	80	30	45	515	260	255
30 to 34 years	90	40	50	420	220	200
35 to 39 years	85	50	35	290	175	120
40 to 44 years	50	15	25	165	90	75
45 to 49 years	40	25	20	120	70	55
50 to 54 years	45	20	25	110	70	40
55 to 59 years	40	15	20	100	60	40
60 to 64 years	50	20	30	60	30	30
65 years and over	105	35	70	100	50	45
65 to 69 years	25	15	15	45	20	25
70 to 74 years	35	15	25	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	20	15	5
80 to 84 years	15	0	15	5	0	0
85 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	5	5	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	14.9	14.0	5.9	5.8	6.1
15 to 64 years	72.5	77.0	69.8	89.9	90.5	89.3
65 years and over	13.1	9.5	16.3	4.4	4.1	4.2
85 years and over	1.3	1.4	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	38.5	36.4	40.3	35.1	35.7	34.5
Median age of the population	35.6	34.8	36.4	32.4	33.2	31.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	410	...	...	1,490	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	150	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	160	...	...	1,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	410	...	...	1,495	...	...
1 person	175	...	...	880	...	...
2 persons	125	...	...	500	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	800	375	430	2,280	1,210	1,070
Average household size	2.0	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	685	320	370	2,145	1,145	1,000
Married or living common-law	320	160	160	990	525	465
Married	255	125	130	500	260	240
Living common-law	65	30	30	490	265	230
Living common law - Never married	50	25	20	440	240	205
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	5	5	45	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	370	160	210	1,155	625	535
Not married and not living common law - Never married	270	140	135	1,000	550	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	5	20	35	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	50	15	40	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	20	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	185	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	155	...	...	480	...	...
Married couples	120	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	30	...	...	240	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	225	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	800	375	430	2,280	1,210	1,065
Total - Persons in census families	510	240	270	1,185	615	575
Married spouses or common-law partners	310	155	155	955	500	450
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	25	40	20	25
Children⁶	175	80	90	195	95	100
In a two-parent family	135	65	65	140	65	75
In a one-parent family	40	15	25	50	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	290	130	160	1,090	600	495
Living alone	180	75	105	880	475	410
Living with other relatives⁷	30	10	20	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	85	50	35	165	105	60
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	405	...	...	1,495	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	180	...	...	505	...	...
Couple-family households	150	...	...	465	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	375	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	40	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	175	...	...	880	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	690	320	370	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	300	350	2,055	1,100	960
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	36,000	33,200	58,400	65,000	50,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	300	350	2,055	1,100	960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	32,800	30,200	48,400	53,200	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	575	270	305	1,975	1,065	910
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	33,200	26,400	57,200	64,500	48,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	495	240	255	1,825	1,000	825
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	32,400	27,400	58,000	64,500	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	240	300	1,380	680	700
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	6,800	9,900	3,920	4,000	2,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	30	30	190	95	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,760	6,280	5,600	5,480	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	230	120	110	625	335	290
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,500	8,000	10,000	10,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	660	315	340	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	1,955	1,030	930
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,000	52,000	42,400	82,300	104,200	58,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	640	305	335	1,955	1,030	930
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,000	42,400	36,000	58,900	70,600	45,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	590	285	305	1,885	990	895
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	47,600	35,200	80,600	103,600	55,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	245	240	1,735	940	790
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,200	46,000	34,800	80,100	99,600	56,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	510	225	280	1,270	600	670
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,500	11,800	7,100	7,680	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	30	40	130	55	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	5,000	4,000	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	205	110	95	580	305	275
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	10,200	8,200	9,240	9,600	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	665	320	340	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	220	115	105	1,005	570	435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	80,000	45,600	80,000	88,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	77,000	51,000	108,600	129,000	81,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	210	100	115	625	320	305
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	13,600	23,800	23,200	32,800	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	19,200	25,600	43,400	56,600	29,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	86.0	76.0	94.4	95.6	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.0	71.0	60.0	86.4	88.0	83.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.4	13.6	23.6	5.6	4.3	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.8	0.4	0.2	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	7.4	6.4	3.5	2.9	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.3	7.0	5.6	3.3	2.7	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	685	320	370	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without total income	35	20	15	85	45	45
With total income	655	300	355	2,055	1,100	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	40	45	175	70	100
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	35	145	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	130	50	80	210	100	110
$30,000 to $39,999	90	40	45	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	40	165	85	80
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	25	180	85	95
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	160	85	75
$70,000 to $79,999	30	10	15	155	85	70
$80,000 to $89,999	45	25	25	135	75	55
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	95	45	50
$100,000 and over	50	30	15	455	310	140
$100,000 to $149,999	40	25	10	250	155	95
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	200	155	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	685	320	370	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without after-tax income	35	20	15	85	45	45
With after-tax income	655	300	355	2,060	1,100	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	40	45	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	75	40	35	160	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	90	260	120	140
$30,000 to $39,999	100	50	55	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	35	255	140	115
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	25	255	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	60	30	30	190	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	20	150	75	75
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	240	180	65
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	95	65	30
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	145	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	685	320	370	2,140	1,145	1,000
Without employment income	195	80	115	320	140	175
With employment income	495	240	255	1,825	1,000	825
Under $5,000 (including loss)	80	35	45	185	90	100
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	30	105	60	50
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	25	155	75	80
$20,000 to $29,999	60	25	35	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	25	125	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	120	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	10	150	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	135	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	125	70	60
$80,000 to $89,999	45	25	25	125	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	90	45	40
$100,000 and over	45	30	15	395	280	120
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	10	140	90	55
$125,000 and over	20	15	0	255	185	65
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	690	320	370	2,145	1,140	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	295	335	1,995	1,055	940
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	33,600	29,600	48,400	55,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	625	295	335	1,990	1,055	940
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	30,800	28,400	41,600	45,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	565	275	290	1,895	1,015	880
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	33,600	28,000	49,200	57,600	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	240	230	1,715	935	780
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,400	31,800	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	485	210	275	1,205	605	605
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,320	1,660	4,320	1,300	1,240	1,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	5	10	75	40	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	9,400	7,250	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	660	315	340	2,050	1,065	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	635	305	335	1,885	980	905
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,400	38,600	77,100	99,200	53,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	635	305	335	1,885	980	905
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	38,000	33,000	52,700	62,900	41,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	295	300	1,790	940	855
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,800	35,200	79,200	102,000	54,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	490	255	235	1,635	880	755
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	44,800	34,000	80,100	100,200	56,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	490	210	275	1,100	495	605
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	4,520	8,900	2,925	2,900	2,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	0	0	40	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000	...	...	9,600	8,000	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	665	320	340	2,050	1,065	990
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	220	120	100	985	545	435
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	61,600	41,200	70,500	73,500	61,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,200	66,000	47,000	102,800	126,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	100	100	520	270	245
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	22,000	26,200	29,600	37,600	26,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,200	29,600	30,800	52,400	65,500	38,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.0	94.0	80.0	97.8	98.4	96.4
Employment income (%)	71.0	79.0	62.0	90.2	90.8	88.8
Government transfers (%)	12.6	6.8	19.2	2.2	1.5	3.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	x	x	0.3	0.2	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	410	...	...	1,495	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	175	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	230	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	400	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	115,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	82,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	58,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	410	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	410	...	...	1,495	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	200	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	265	125	140	1,045	575	465
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	28,200	33,200	56,400	57,600	54,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	26,600	30,000	46,800	47,600	45,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	195	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	117,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	244,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	265	130	135	940	485	455
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	36,500	46,000	75,400	88,000	61,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	30,400	39,000	55,900	62,800	48,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	800	370	430	2,280	1,210	1,070
0 to 17 years	125	65	70	145	80	70
0 to 5 years	60	30	35	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	565	270	295	2,035	1,085	950
65 years and over	105	40	70	95	50	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	160	80	80	355	180	180
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	115	65	55	315	160	150
65 years and over	40	10	25	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.0	21.6	18.8	15.7	14.9	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	10.0	x	20.0	18.0	24.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	20.8	23.0	18.5	15.4	14.8	16.0
65 years and over (%)	34.0	32.0	36.0	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	800	375	430	2,280	1,215	1,065
0 to 17 years	130	60	65	145	75	65
0 to 5 years	60	25	30	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	565	275	290	2,040	1,090	950
65 years and over	110	35	70	95	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	115	65	55	315	160	150
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	95	55	40	280	150	135
65 years and over	15	5	10	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.4	16.5	12.4	13.9	13.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	19.0	18.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	16.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.2	20.0	14.8	13.8	13.6	14.0
65 years and over (%)	14.0	12.0	14.0	8.0	x	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	800	370	430	2,280	1,210	1,070
In bottom half of the distribution	560	260	295	1,035	535	500
In bottom decile	160	80	85	375	190	180
In second decile	125	55	65	170	90	80
In third decile	80	35	40	135	65	75
In fourth decile	120	55	70	185	100	85
In fifth decile	70	40	35	170	90	80
In top half of the distribution	240	110	135	1,250	675	575
In sixth decile	55	25	30	170	90	85
In seventh decile	60	20	35	215	115	95
In eighth decile	55	20	30	200	100	95
In ninth decile	35	20	15	275	145	125
In top decile	35	20	15	390	220	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	800	...	...	2,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.431	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.464	...	...	0.481	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.292	...	...	0.373	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	7.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,070
English only	200	100	105	385	210	180
French only	90	40	45	130	65	60
English and French	495	230	265	1,750	930	820
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	370	175	190	890	460	430
French	335	155	185	1,175	655	525
English and French	85	35	50	205	95	110
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	20	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	720	335	390	2,120	1,140	980
Official languages	450	210	235	1,445	825	620
English	190	90	100	450	250	200
French	260	120	135	995	570	425
Non-official languages	275	125	150	680	320	360
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	275	125	150	680	320	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	110	55	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	25	105	55	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	20	105	55	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	80	95	390	185	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	75	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	75	30	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	10	40	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
German	0	0	5	10	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	80	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	20	20	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	65	20	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	55	25	35
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	45	15	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	50	195	95	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	40	20	20
Portuguese	10	10	5	30	20	15
Romanian	10	0	10	30	15	15
Spanish	40	10	30	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	120	50	70
Chinese languages	5	0	5	115	50	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	90	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40	160	75	85
English and French	25	15	10	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	35	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,070
English	185	90	95	475	260	215
French	210	95	110	750	415	340
Non-official language	80	40	45	160	75	85
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	40	45	160	75	85
English and French	115	55	60	370	215	160
English and non-official language(s)	110	60	55	235	105	130
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	15	40	245	120	120
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,070
Single responses	695	330	370	2,085	1,110	975
Official languages	540	255	290	1,770	965	805
English	275	130	140	790	430	365
French	270	120	150	980	540	440
Non-official languages	155	70	80	320	145	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	70	80	320	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	55	60	170	80	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	10	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	15	55	25	35
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	50	15	30
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	45	15	30
Dari	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	30	10	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	10	25	85	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	10	5	5	20	10	10
Romanian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	60	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	45	55	195	100	95
English and French	45	20	25	115	60	55
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	35	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	800	375	430	2,285	1,215	1,065
None	545	255	290	1,525	825	705
English	75	40	40	255	140	115
French	55	25	25	135	75	60
Non-official language	65	30	35	165	80	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	35	165	80	90
English and French	5	0	10	40	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	50	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	80	45	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Official languages	765	360	405	2,135	1,120	1,015
English	685	325	365	2,005	1,065	945
French	555	265	290	1,750	920	830
Non-official languages	380	165	215	1,185	595	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	380	165	215	1,185	595	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	40	40	200	120	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	40	40	200	120	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	40	30	180	110	70
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	30	10	30	15	15
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	15	10	0
Telugu	30	20	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	225	90	135	750	370	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	25	60	30	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	20	50	20	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	30	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	15	30	15	20
German	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	50	30	20	145	90	55
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	20	60	50	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	40	25	10	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	25	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	40	90	530	250	275
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	0	25	105	45	60
Portuguese	30	15	15	60	35	30
Romanian	30	0	30	50	10	45
Spanish	75	30	45	395	195	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	180	80	100
Chinese languages	10	0	0	180	80	100
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	155	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	760	360	395	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	345	...	...	905	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	1,295	...	...
Not condominium	345	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	130	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	295	...	...	1,280	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	400	...	...	1,365	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
Suitable	360	...	...	1,300	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	220	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	275	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	375	...	...	1,375	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
One-maintainer household	235	...	...	920	...	...
Two-maintainer household	145	...	...	465	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	90	...	...	590	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	65	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	405	...	...	1,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	260	...	...	935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	115	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	405	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	200	...	...	515	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	130	...	...	405	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	200	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	375	...	...	1,260	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	335	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.7	...	...	78.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,240	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,200	...	...	1,790	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	760,000	...	...	546,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	345	...	...	905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.1	...	...	38.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,616	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	770	360	405	2,150	1,125	1,020
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	25	20	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	25	20	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	760	360	400	2,130	1,110	1,015
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	770	365	410	2,150	1,125	1,025
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	585	260	325	1,570	835	740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	40	60	100	65	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	480	215	270	1,470	770	705
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	185	105	80	580	295	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	770	365	410	2,150	1,125	1,025
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	375	175	205	1,070	555	520
Immigrants⁸¹	265	110	155	685	375	310
Before 1980	70	30	35	20	20	0
1980 to 1990	25	10	15	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	60	15	50	155	85	70
2001 to 2010	40	15	25	205	110	95
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	40	35	265	145	125
2011 to 2015	40	25	20	120	60	60
2016 to 2021	30	15	15	145	90	60
Non-permanent residents⁸³	130	80	50	395	195	200
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	265	110	155	685	375	305
Under 5 years	25	15	10	50	25	25
5 to 14 years	25	20	0	145	60	85
15 to 24 years	70	20	50	115	60	50
25 to 44 years	130	55	80	340	215	125
45 years and over	10	0	10	35	20	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	265	110	155	685	375	305
Americas	55	25	35	95	60	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	50	25	20
Europe	110	35	70	235	130	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	45	15	25	95	70	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	25	50	10	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	15	40	25	10
Africa	40	30	15	60	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	15	15	0
Asia	60	25	35	290	145	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	95	35	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	35	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	15	15	145	85	60
Americas	0	0	0	30	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
France	0	0	0	35	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	75	45	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
First generation¹⁰⁰	405	195	215	1,115	595	520
Second generation¹⁰¹	180	75	105	405	205	200
Third generation or more¹⁰²	185	95	90	635	330	305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	200	75	125	665	360	305
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	115	45	70	490	270	220
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	35	30	230	150	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	15	40	265	125	140
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	55	15	40	100	45	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	65	40	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	200	75	125	665	360	305
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	10	30	25	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	10	20	95	70	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25	25	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	20	60	35	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	110	40	70	445	205	240
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	335	155	185	860	470	390
South Asian	85	45	35	115	80	35
Chinese	0	0	0	175	80	95
Black	55	15	35	85	50	40
Filipino	35	15	25	10	10	0
Arab	65	40	30	130	85	50
Latin American	35	20	15	120	60	65
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	45	25	15
West Asian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Japanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities	25	10	15	40	25	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	435	205	225	1,295	660	635
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	770	365	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Canadian	85	40	35	245	130	115
English	15	10	0	95	40	55
Irish	50	30	15	100	50	55
Scottish	15	10	10	80	35	40
French, n.o.s.¹²²	190	95	90	450	250	200
German	20	10	10	70	10	55
Chinese	20	10	10	185	95	90
Italian	25	15	10	125	55	70
Indian (India)	60	25	35	50	35	15
Ukrainian	15	15	0	55	30	25
Dutch	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	15	10	10
Québécois	25	10	20	105	40	65
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	10	0	20	0	20
Filipino	40	15	25	25	10	10
French Canadian	15	15	0	75	45	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	10	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	10	0	10	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	15	10	0	20	10	15
Russian	20	10	15	35	10	25
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	10	25	15	0	10
American	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	10	45	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	20	10	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	20	20	0
Jewish	40	15	25	50	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15	45	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	30	0	30	50	10	40
Lebanese	10	0	0	25	10	15
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	25	15	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moroccan	45	30	15	45	30	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	25	10	10	30	15	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	15	15	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	15	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	770	360	410	2,155	1,130	1,025
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	10	10
Christian	280	85	195	850	400	450
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	130	60	65
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	15	0	10	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	190	65	130	575	280	300
Christian Orthodox	35	0	30	100	30	70
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hindu	65	40	30	40	25	20
Jewish	55	15	35	55	25	25
Muslim	80	50	35	185	120	65
Sikh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	270	160	110	1,005	550	455
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	755	360	400	2,110	1,100	1,010
Non-movers	600	260	340	1,290	675	615
Movers	160	100	60	820	430	390
Non-migrants	110	60	50	550	275	275
Migrants	50	40	10	270	150	110
Internal migrants	30	20	10	190	110	75
Intraprovincial migrants	25	20	0	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	80	45	40
External migrants	15	15	0	80	45	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	720	340	375	2,065	1,075	990
Non-movers	300	120	180	340	190	155
Movers	420	220	195	1,730	890	835
Non-migrants	185	75	110	680	345	335
Migrants	235	150	85	1,045	545	505
Internal migrants	120	65	45	625	325	290
Intraprovincial migrants	90	60	35	450	240	210
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	170	85	85
External migrants	115	75	40	425	210	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	660	320	340	2,050	1,065	990
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	20	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	620	295	325	2,015	1,045	970
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	465	230	235	1,665	885	785
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	25	0	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	430	205	230	1,660	875	775
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	660	315	345	2,055	1,065	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	20	20	35	15	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	75	35	40	180	115	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	550	260	290	1,835	935	900
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	105	80	405	220	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	25	20	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	20	25	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	115	75	40	290	150	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	80	50	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	365	160	210	1,430	715	720
Bachelor's degree	200	90	105	790	390	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	20	15	120	40	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Master's degree	115	35	75	435	255	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	65	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	460	225	230	1,670	880	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	25	0	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	10	15	135	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	410	195	215	1,530	795	735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	70	55	305	165	140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	15	30	20	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	25	15	20	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	40	25	210	100	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	70	50	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	285	130	160	1,220	630	595
Bachelor's degree	160	75	80	650	325	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	10	100	35	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	25	0	25
Master's degree	85	25	60	405	240	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	50	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	660	320	345	2,055	1,060	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	60	55	215	125	85
Education	35	0	35	30	0	25
13. Education	35	0	35	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	35	15	180	85	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	45	35	15	130	55	70
Humanities	45	15	30	95	25	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	50	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	40	40	280	100	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	35	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	10	10	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	25	20	0	105	50	60
Business, management and public administration	110	35	75	620	345	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	105	35	70	605	335	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	70	20	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	35	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	40	10	110	75	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	35	10	90	65	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	90	80	0	265	195	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	55	45	0	195	145	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	30	135	40	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	115	30	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	10	20	40	30	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	20	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	465	230	235	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	55	35	20	135	85	50
Education	25	0	25	20	0	20
13. Education	25	0	25	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	20	15	170	80	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	35	20	15	115	55	60
Humanities	25	10	15	80	20	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	20	30	210	80	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	55	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	0	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	85	25	60	530	295	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	25	55	520	285	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	35	15	100	65	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	15	85	65	20
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	75	60	0	240	185	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	15
14. Engineering	50	40	0	185	135	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	105	30	80
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	85	25	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	10	25	30	25	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	20	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	465	230	235	1,665	880	780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	35	20	135	85	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	410	195	210	1,530	795	730
Location of study inside Canada	255	115	140	1,000	525	475
Same as province or territory of residence	230	105	125	875	465	410
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	125	60	65
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	150	80	75	525	270	255
Americas	30	15	15	140	75	70
United States of America	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	15	15	0	20	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	40	20	20	275	145	130
Belgium	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	25	15	10	185	95	90
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	60	35	30	85	40	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	15	0	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	660	315	345	2,055	1,065	990
In the labour force	490	255	230	1,710	945	765
Employed	440	230	215	1,605	875	730
Unemployed	50	35	15	105	70	30
Not in the labour force	175	60	110	340	120	225
Participation rate	74.2	81.0	66.7	83.2	88.7	77.3
Employment rate	66.7	73.0	62.3	78.1	82.2	73.7
Unemployment rate	10.2	13.7	6.5	6.1	7.4	3.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	660	320	345	2,055	1,060	990
Did not work¹⁸⁶	200	85	115	320	130	190
Worked	465	230	230	1,730	930	800
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	230	120	105	1,060	600	465
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	235	115	120	670	335	335
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.4	37.6	39.2	42.9	43.6	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	490	260	230	1,710	945	765
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	25	20	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	470	250	220	1,680	925	760
Employee	390	205	185	1,440	785	655
Permanent position	325	165	160	1,230	705	520
Temporary position	65	35	30	215	80	135
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	25	15	115	65	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	25	15	15	95	15	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	85	50	35	235	140	100
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	490	260	230	1,710	945	765
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	25	20	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	470	250	220	1,680	925	760
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	45	25	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	110	35	70	470	260	210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	70	10	300	240	65
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	25	65	150	45	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	25	20	200	120	80
6 Sales and service occupations	100	65	35	330	175	155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	15	0	55	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	45	20	25
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	490	260	230	1,710	945	765
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	10	25	20	10
All industries¹⁹¹	470	250	220	1,680	925	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	50	30	20
31-33 Manufacturing	20	10	10	80	35	45
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	10	30	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	30	25	10	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	10	10	60	45	20
51 Information and cultural industries	30	15	15	190	130	60
52 Finance and insurance	30	15	10	250	155	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	45	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	65	35	425	255	175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	0	60	35	20
61 Educational services	65	25	40	120	55	65
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	40	105	10	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	45	35	15
72 Accommodation and food services	30	20	0	45	30	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	10	25	15	0	15
91 Public administration	10	10	0	45	20	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	505	265	240	1,810	980	830
English	155	100	60	485	275	210
French	110	60	50	370	175	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	225	100	125	885	500	390
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	25	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	505	265	240	1,810	980	830
Single responses	445	240	210	1,555	860	700
Official languages	445	240	210	1,540	860	685
English	270	140	125	780	440	340
French	175	95	80	765	415	340
Non-official languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	25	35	255	125	135
English and French	60	25	35	235	105	130
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	505	265	240	1,810	980	830
None	330	185	140	1,110	575	540
English	60	30	35	380	235	145
French	105	45	60	275	150	125
Non-official language	15	0	10	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	440	225	220	1,605	875	730
Worked at home	190	90	95	915	515	390
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	20	15	80	55	30
Usual place of work	220	115	105	610	305	310
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	220	115	105	610	305	310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	165	80	85	500	240	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	25	20	40	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	20	0	70	35	40
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	255	135	120	695	355	335
Car, truck or van	105	60	50	240	120	115
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	60	50	225	120	105
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Public transit	85	45	40	145	60	85
Walked	50	25	25	300	165	135
Bicycle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	255	135	120	695	355	335
Less than 15 minutes	50	20	30	160	75	85
15 to 29 minutes	90	45	45	305	160	150
30 to 44 minutes	90	50	40	155	80	75
45 to 59 minutes	10	15	0	55	30	25
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	255	135	120	695	355	335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	25	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	10	15	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	25	30	170	90	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	90	50	40	270	135	135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	15	25	160	65	95
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	15	0	40	35	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	135	65	75	155	80	75
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	20	55	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	55	100	50	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	85	40	45	60	35	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	30	20	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	30	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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