Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663036More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661260More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,932	...	...	1,647	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	829	...	...	1,159	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	810	...	...	909	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,243.4	...	...	19,445.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.46	...	...	0.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,930	900	1,030	1,650	945	700
0 to 14 years	375	200	170	85	40	45
0 to 4 years	105	55	50	45	25	25
5 to 9 years	140	75	60	20	15	10
10 to 14 years	125	70	60	10	5	10
15 to 64 years	1,235	565	665	1,300	770	530
15 to 19 years	125	60	65	30	20	10
20 to 24 years	105	50	60	185	85	95
25 to 29 years	115	45	70	285	165	125
30 to 34 years	90	45	50	240	155	90
35 to 39 years	150	70	85	125	75	50
40 to 44 years	160	75	85	90	55	40
45 to 49 years	145	60	80	85	45	40
50 to 54 years	115	55	60	85	60	25
55 to 59 years	120	60	60	75	45	30
60 to 64 years	95	40	55	90	65	30
65 years and over	320	130	195	265	140	125
65 to 69 years	80	35	45	75	55	25
70 to 74 years	80	35	50	55	30	25
75 to 79 years	70	30	40	45	20	25
80 to 84 years	50	20	30	40	20	25
85 years and over	35	15	25	45	10	30
85 to 89 years	20	5	10	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	5	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.4	22.2	16.5	5.2	4.2	6.4
15 to 64 years	64.0	62.8	64.6	78.8	81.5	75.7
65 years and over	16.6	14.4	18.9	16.1	14.8	17.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.7	2.4	2.7	1.1	4.3
Average age of the population	39.7	37.8	41.4	41.5	41.6	41.5
Median age of the population	40.0	38.4	41.2	34.8	35.6	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	810	...	...	905	...	...
Single-detached house	125	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	590	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	745	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	810	...	...	910	...	...
1 person	265	...	...	570	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...	255	...	...
3 persons	130	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	55	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,930	905	1,030	1,370	785	585
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,555	700	860	1,565	910	655
Married or living common-law	820	415	410	510	255	255
Married	670	335	335	300	145	150
Living common-law	155	75	75	210	105	105
Living common law - Never married	110	60	50	195	100	90
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	15	15	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	735	285	450	1,055	650	405
Not married and not living common law - Never married	455	210	240	900	570	330
Not married and not living common law - Separated	40	20	20	25	15	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	150	40	110	105	60	45
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	90	15	75	25	10	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	535	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...	185	...	...
3 persons	125	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	260	...	...
Total couple families	405	...	...	225	...	...
Married couples	330	...	...	120	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	105	...	...	70	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	95	...	...
Total one-parent families	125	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	105	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,930	905	1,030	1,370	785	585
Total - Persons in census families	1,610	780	830	625	295	330
Married spouses or common-law partners	810	405	405	450	230	220
Parents in one-parent families	130	25	110	40	5	30
Children⁶	670	350	315	140	60	80
In a two-parent family	470	240	230	85	35	45
In a one-parent family	200	115	90	55	20	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	320	120	200	745	490	255
Living alone	265	95	170	570	390	185
Living with other relatives⁷	40	10	30	55	30	25
Living with non-relatives only	20	10	5	125	70	50
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	810	...	...	910	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	500	...	...	250	...	...
Couple-family households	380	...	...	215	...	...
With children⁶	235	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	160	...	...
One-parent-family households	120	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	80	...	...
One-person households	265	...	...	570	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,560	700	860	1,290	745	545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,485	665	815	1,200	690	505
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	42,000	37,200	36,400	38,800	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,485	665	815	1,200	690	505
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	37,200	34,000	31,800	34,000	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,325	615	715	1,050	605	445
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	36,800	25,000	35,200	41,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,100	535	565	900	520	380
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,400	31,200	38,000	45,200	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,240	515	720	930	520	410
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	10,100	14,100	6,240	6,750	5,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	190	90	100	85	45	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,040	6,000	5,120	3,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	520	250	270	370	220	160
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,495	685	810	1,240	745	495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,420	660	760	1,165	690	470
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,300	53,200	49,700	44,900	48,500	39,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,420	660	760	1,165	690	470
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,200	43,300	41,200	37,400	39,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,300	630	670	1,035	600	435
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,240	46,400	42,200	42,900	49,600	33,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,045	535	515	870	495	370
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,500	46,800	48,200	44,500	51,800	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,170	505	665	885	500	385
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,160	11,600	14,360	8,820	7,880	10,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	170	90	80	50	20	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	4,500	7,800	7,600	2,800	11,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	210	235	355	205	150
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,700	9,700	9,840	9,400	10,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,495	685	810	1,240	745	495
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	520	270	250	410	270	145
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	60,800	58,800	66,000	71,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,800	74,000	75,500	68,800	76,500	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	420	205	215	345	155	190
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,400	12,500	14,800	13,300	8,200	14,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	22,400	22,600	23,100	22,800	23,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.0	74.8	85.2	88.0	79.5
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.0	71.0	65.5	73.6	76.0	69.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.1	16.6	25.2	14.9	11.7	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.7	0.8	0.2	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	6.9	7.0	7.3	6.1	9.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.2	6.4	6.0	6.7	5.7	8.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,555	700	860	1,285	750	540
Without total income	75	35	40	90	55	35
With total income	1,485	665	820	1,195	690	510
Under $10,000 (including loss)	130	55	80	125	50	70
$10,000 to $19,999	165	70	95	205	125	80
$20,000 to $29,999	245	100	145	195	115	80
$30,000 to $39,999	205	85	120	135	65	70
$40,000 to $49,999	185	70	110	100	50	50
$50,000 to $59,999	150	80	65	90	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	105	50	60	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	80	40	40	50	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	55	25	25	65	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	50	20	25	35	25	15
$100,000 and over	120	70	50	115	85	35
$100,000 to $149,999	90	50	45	75	55	15
$150,000 and over	30	20	10	45	30	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,555	700	860	1,285	750	540
Without after-tax income	75	35	40	90	55	35
With after-tax income	1,485	665	820	1,195	690	510
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	60	80	125	50	80
$10,000 to $19,999	170	70	95	210	130	80
$20,000 to $29,999	310	130	180	225	130	100
$30,000 to $39,999	235	100	135	155	75	80
$40,000 to $49,999	215	110	110	125	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	145	65	80	110	65	40
$60,000 to $69,999	100	45	55	90	50	35
$70,000 to $79,999	65	25	40	50	35	15
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	20	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	45	30	15	60	45	15
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10	30	20	5
$125,000 and over	15	10	5	30	20	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,555	700	860	1,285	750	540
Without employment income	460	170	295	385	225	165
With employment income	1,100	530	570	895	520	375
Under $5,000 (including loss)	165	70	90	105	50	55
$5,000 to $9,999	110	55	55	90	50	45
$10,000 to $19,999	145	60	80	125	70	50
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	55	70	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	50	70	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	105	45	60	70	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	95	55	40	70	40	25
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	35	70	45	25
$70,000 to $79,999	50	30	20	40	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	50	20	25	60	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	35	15	20	30	20	5
$100,000 and over	100	65	35	110	80	30
$100,000 to $124,999	60	35	30	40	30	10
$125,000 and over	40	25	10	65	45	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,560	700	860	1,290	745	545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,440	645	795	1,140	655	480
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,200	34,400	26,400	29,600	22,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,440	645	795	1,140	655	480
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,000	31,000	24,800	28,400	22,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,300	610	695	965	555	415
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,200	28,200	30,000	36,800	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,080	515	565	820	465	350
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,600	33,600	33,600	42,800	24,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,120	450	670	850	470	385
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,960	3,280	8,700	1,440	1,440	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	105	50	55	65	45	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	5,680	7,950	5,080	5,160	3,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,495	685	810	1,240	745	495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,380	630	750	1,110	655	450
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,400	49,800	45,500	39,900	43,900	34,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,380	630	750	1,110	655	450
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880	40,400	37,600	32,800	35,500	28,900
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,235	595	640	945	545	400
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,900	46,800	43,200	42,600	48,800	34,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,005	495	510	790	455	340
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,700	48,200	49,200	44,000	50,600	35,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,065	445	615	775	430	345
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,220	7,560	10,400	4,990	4,780	5,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	100	45	55	45	30	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,400	7,600	9,200	6,800	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,495	685	810	1,240	745	495
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	515	265	250	395	255	140
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	58,800	55,600	52,400	66,000	36,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,600	66,500	72,500	59,800	67,000	47,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	380	180	195	295	135	160
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	18,600	25,000	15,200	9,800	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,800	30,800	30,600	28,000	30,000	26,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.2	89.0	81.2	91.2	93.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	75.2	76.5	73.5	78.8	80.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)	15.0	10.8	18.8	8.7	7.2	11.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	0.7	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	810	...	...	910	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	48,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	265	...	...	570	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	34,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	30,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	545	...	...	340	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	785	...	...	890	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	58,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	48,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	560	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	45,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	810	...	...	910	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	80	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	260	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100	...	...	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	70	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	810	...	...	910	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	170	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	40	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	535	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	285	110	175	690	460	230
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	56,000	44,400	30,000	30,600	27,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	45,600	39,200	28,200	28,800	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	540	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	255	85	165	670	465	205
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,400	58,000	52,000	42,000	44,600	36,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	49,000	43,000	34,400	35,800	31,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,935	900	1,030	1,370	785	585
0 to 17 years	455	240	215	90	45	45
0 to 5 years	135	70	65	55	25	25
18 to 64 years	1,155	530	625	1,175	675	495
65 years and over	325	130	195	110	65	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	245	100	150	435	260	175
0 to 17 years	60	30	25	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	10	5	10
18 to 64 years	110	45	65	370	225	150
65 years and over	75	20	55	45	25	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	10.8	14.4	31.7	33.2	29.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	13.0	13.0	20.0	24.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	24.0	20.0	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	8.8	10.8	31.7	32.8	30.0
65 years and over (%)	23.0	15.0	27.0	42.0	40.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,930	905	1,030	1,370	785	585
0 to 17 years	455	245	215	90	45	50
0 to 5 years	140	75	65	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	1,155	530	625	1,175	675	500
65 years and over	320	130	190	105	60	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	40	75	355	215	140
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	60	20	35	315	190	130
65 years and over	25	10	20	30	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	4.4	6.8	25.9	27.0	24.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	4.5	8.0	12.0	16.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	x	x	16.0	x	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.0	5.6	26.8	27.6	25.6
65 years and over (%)	7.6	5.0	10.0	28.0	28.0	28.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,930	900	1,030	1,370	785	585
In bottom half of the distribution	1,190	540	650	920	525	400
In bottom decile	180	70	110	410	240	170
In second decile	205	90	115	150	85	65
In third decile	265	140	130	110	65	50
In fourth decile	220	90	130	135	65	70
In fifth decile	315	150	165	120	75	45
In top half of the distribution	740	360	385	450	260	190
In sixth decile	220	110	105	90	50	40
In seventh decile	155	70	85	85	50	40
In eighth decile	150	70	80	110	65	45
In ninth decile	140	60	75	60	35	25
In top decile	75	40	35	105	60	45
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,930	...	...	1,370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.456	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.443	...	...	0.554	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...	0.410	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	8.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,930	900	1,030	1,480	815	660
English only	410	195	215	335	185	150
French only	185	65	120	175	95	85
English and French	1,300	630	665	885	510	380
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	80	30	50
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,930	900	1,030	1,480	815	660
English	1,025	500	520	535	290	240
French	560	230	335	705	405	300
English and French	305	155	155	165	90	70
Neither English nor French	45	15	30	80	30	50
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,930	900	1,030	1,480	815	660
Single responses	1,750	810	940	1,360	760	595
Official languages	940	445	500	800	470	330
English	585	290	295	220	130	90
French	355	145	210	580	335	240
Non-official languages	810	365	440	560	290	270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	810	365	440	555	290	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	125	130	85	50	30
Berber languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	245	120	125	85	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	240	115	125	85	50	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	20	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	5	5	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	5	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	365	160	210	195	110	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	35	30	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	35	30	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	50	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	10	0	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	25	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	35	20	20	25	10	10
Dari	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	35	20	20	25	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	70	95	105	60	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	20	10	10
Romanian	45	20	25	10	5	5
Spanish	65	25	40	70	40	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	55	40	240	105	135
Chinese languages	95	55	40	240	105	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	130	60	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	25	20	95	40	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	90	95	125	55	65
English and French	55	30	30	40	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	35	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	30	10	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,930	900	1,030	1,480	815	660
English	600	285	315	245	135	105
French	255	105	145	495	285	210
Non-official language	280	140	140	215	95	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	280	140	140	215	95	115
English and French	180	85	90	170	100	70
English and non-official language(s)	215	105	115	185	100	85
French and non-official language(s)	120	45	70	40	25	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	280	130	145	115	65	50
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,930	900	1,030	1,480	815	660
Single responses	1,685	785	900	1,340	735	605
Official languages	1,185	550	635	995	575	420
English	820	395	425	385	225	160
French	360	150	205	610	355	260
Non-official languages	505	240	265	345	160	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	240	265	345	160	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	90	90	45	25	20
Berber languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	90	90	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	175	85	85	45	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	200	90	110	95	50	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	20	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	20	25	15	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	5	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	15	5	10	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	40	60	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	5	20	10	10
Romanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	50	25	30	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	45	35	190	75	110
Chinese languages	75	45	35	190	75	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	105	45	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15	80	30	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	115	130	135	80	55
English and French	60	30	30	55	35	20
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	50	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	25	15	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,930	905	1,030	1,480	815	665
None	1,290	600	690	1,055	580	480
English	130	65	65	150	75	75
French	185	90	95	70	40	35
Non-official language	140	60	75	105	60	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	140	60	75	105	60	45
English and French	80	35	45	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	30	20	15
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	20	15	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,855	870	985	1,340	800	540
Official languages	1,825	865	955	1,285	780	510
English	1,660	800	855	1,125	670	460
French	1,445	685	765	945	540	405
Non-official languages	1,020	465	555	775	445	330
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,020	465	555	765	445	325
Afro-Asiatic languages	300	145	155	125	90	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	300	140	155	125	90	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	280	130	145	120	85	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	10	30	40	30	10
Haitian Creole	15	0	15	10	10	0
Jamaican English Creole	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20	40	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	35	20	20	25	20	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	535	250	285	375	220	155
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	40	55	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	40	55	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	35	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	40	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	25	0	25
German	10	10	0	25	0	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	65	75	50	25
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	40	50	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	40	10	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	50	30	25	25	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Urdu	15	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	35	25	20	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	50	30	25	25	20	0
Dari	25	20	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	25	20	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	125	150	250	150	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	40	45	25	10	15
Portuguese	25	15	10	65	40	30
Romanian	45	15	30	20	10	10
Spanish	135	65	70	200	115	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	195	100	95
Chinese languages	60	30	30	195	100	95
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25	165	85	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,860	870	985	1,340	800	540
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	45	15	30
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,850	870	980	1,300	785	515
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,860	870	985	1,340	800	540
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,850	870	980	1,340	800	540
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	790	...	...	895	...	...
Owner	355	...	...	270	...	...
Renter	430	...	...	625	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	790	...	...	895	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	600	...	...
Not condominium	420	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	790	...	...	895	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	75	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...	505	...	...
2 bedrooms	475	...	...	300	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	15	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	105	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	790	...	...	895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	435	...	...	830	...	...
5 rooms	165	...	...	55	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	110	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	790	...	...	895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	750	...	...	865	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	790	...	...	895	...	...
Suitable	730	...	...	800	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	790	...	...	895	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	105	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	130	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	235	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	170	...	...	115	...	...
2011 to 2015	35	...	...	285	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	25	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	790	...	...	895	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	745	...	...	865	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	790	...	...	895	...	...
One-maintainer household	460	...	...	640	...	...
Two-maintainer household	300	...	...	230	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	25	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	790	...	...	895	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	110	...	...
25 to 34 years	95	...	...	360	...	...
35 to 44 years	170	...	...	155	...	...
45 to 54 years	145	...	...	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	130	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	110	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	90	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	785	...	...	850	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	645	...	...	535	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	315	...	...
30% to less than 100%	130	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	790	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	220	...	...	390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	125	...	...	275	...	...
Not suitable only	45	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed only	35	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	565	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	775	...	...	780	...	...
In core need	70	...	...	80	...	...
Not in core need	705	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355	...	...	270	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.2	...	...	64.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...	23.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,285	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	360,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	444,000	...	...	396,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	430	...	...	620	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.7	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.7	...	...	44.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.1	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,164	...	...	1,176	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,860	875	985	1,340	800	540
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	45	20	25
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	15	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	15	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,830	865	965	1,300	780	520
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,855	875	985	1,340	800	540
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	1,650	780	880	810	485	330
Canadian citizens aged under 18	385	210	180	85	50	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,265	570	700	720	430	290
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	205	95	110	535	320	215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,855	875	985	1,340	800	540
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,030	505	525	550	335	210
Immigrants⁸¹	785	355	435	460	245	215
Before 1980	125	55	75	10	10	0
1980 to 1990	75	40	40	15	15	0
1991 to 2000	140	45	95	95	55	40
2001 to 2010	170	85	85	120	55	65
2011 to 2021⁸²	270	130	140	225	115	110
2011 to 2015	125	60	65	60	30	35
2016 to 2021	145	70	75	160	85	75
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	20	330	215	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	790	355	435	460	250	210
Under 5 years	80	35	50	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	205	90	110	45	40	10
15 to 24 years	140	60	80	105	60	50
25 to 44 years	295	135	165	235	115	120
45 years and over	65	35	30	65	35	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	790	355	435	460	250	210
Americas	125	50	70	70	45	20
Brazil	0	0	0	15	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	15	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	15	30	0	0	0
Europe	185	85	95	75	40	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	40	20	20	50	25	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	30	15	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	10	0	0
Africa	175	75	95	50	20	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	115	50	65	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	30	10	25
Asia	310	145	170	275	140	130
Afghanistan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	50	20	25	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	10	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	0	15	110	45	65
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
India	30	15	10	40	10	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	45	35	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	150	75	75	160	85	70
Americas	0	0	0	30	25	0
Brazil	0	0	0	15	15	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	15	20
France	0	0	0	35	15	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	20	15	15	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	100	50	50	80	45	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	10	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,860	870	985	1,340	800	540
First generation¹⁰⁰	845	375	470	835	475	355
Second generation¹⁰¹	510	240	270	190	130	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	505	255	250	315	195	120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	665	300	360	450	235	215
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	380	185	205	320	150	170
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120	80	35	190	105	85
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	260	100	160	135	50	85
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140	65	75	70	35	35
Refugees¹⁰⁸	145	60	90	60	50	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	665	300	360	450	235	215
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	75	35	40	25	15	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	15	30	60	30	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	30	0	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	70	45	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	525	245	280	265	145	120
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,860	870	985	1,340	800	540
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	855	405	450	750	425	320
South Asian	90	50	40	90	45	45
Chinese	75	35	40	270	140	135
Black	230	105	125	110	55	50
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	265	120	135	115	80	35
Latin American	50	30	20	50	30	20
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	50	30	20
West Asian	65	35	35	25	25	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	30	10	20	20	10	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,000	465	535	595	375	220
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,855	870	985	1,340	800	540
Canadian	120	60	55	60	40	25
English	65	40	20	45	30	15
Irish	105	65	45	80	60	20
Scottish	75	35	50	15	10	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	260	140	120	175	95	80
German	35	15	20	45	15	30
Chinese	65	30	35	265	140	125
Italian	160	80	80	70	50	25
Indian (India)	20	10	10	85	40	45
Ukrainian	25	15	15	15	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	25	25	0	25
Québécois	25	10	15	45	25	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Filipino	25	0	20	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	15	20	50	35	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	0	15	25	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	10	15	35	20	10
Russian	50	20	30	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	15	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	25	20	0
American	30	10	25	20	15	0
Spanish	35	10	20	35	25	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Hungarian	20	0	10	10	10	0
Acadian	25	0	20	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	10	40	30	15
Jewish	50	20	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	30	35	50	35	15
Greek	40	20	20	10	0	0
Jamaican	40	20	25	15	15	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	55	25	25	10	0	10
Lebanese	45	25	25	30	25	0
Iranian	25	10	20	15	15	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	50	20	25	20	15	0
Hindu	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	15	0	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	150	70	85	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Moroccan	40	10	25	30	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	10	15	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	25	10	10	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	25	20	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,860	870	985	1,340	800	540
Buddhist	0	0	0	25	10	15
Christian	1,115	490	625	440	240	200
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	130	55	80	55	30	25
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	55	20	35	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	565	255	310	335	185	150
Christian Orthodox	230	105	125	20	10	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	40	15	20	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	70	35	35	15	10	10
Hindu	35	20	20	35	15	15
Jewish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Muslim	270	130	135	120	95	25
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	10	10	0
No religion and secular perspectives	345	185	165	700	430	275
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,825	855	975	1,325	790	535
Non-movers	1,620	755	865	850	520	325
Movers	205	100	110	475	265	205
Non-migrants	155	65	85	210	130	85
Migrants	55	30	20	270	140	125
Internal migrants	50	25	20	130	70	65
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	15	60	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	65	45	20
External migrants	0	0	0	140	75	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	1,745	810	935	1,280	775	510
Non-movers	1,045	495	555	430	265	165
Movers	700	315	380	850	510	345
Non-migrants	350	150	195	240	120	120
Migrants	350	165	190	605	380	225
Internal migrants	235	115	125	270	170	100
Intraprovincial migrants	230	110	120	170	80	90
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	105	90	15
External migrants	115	55	60	335	210	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,495	685	810	1,240	745	495
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	310	140	170	75	60	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,185	545	640	1,165	685	480
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	950	430	515	935	580	350
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	90	55	40	35	35	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	850	375	475	890	545	350
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,495	685	810	1,245	745	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	275	125	150	70	55	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	325	145	180	160	120	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	890	415	475	1,010	570	440
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	415	205	205	230	135	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	130	70	60	55	45	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	95	50	45	40	35	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	15	15	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	240	120	115	115	55	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	25	30	55	35	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	475	205	270	785	430	350
Bachelor's degree	385	155	225	365	190	180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	50	30	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	20	20	0
Master's degree	50	20	25	310	175	135
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	35	20	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	945	430	520	930	580	350
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	45	25	30	30	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	190	95	95	110	70	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	680	295	390	785	475	315
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	140	165	150	100	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	60	45	35	30	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	80	45	35	25	25	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	170	70	100	65	35	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	25	50	35	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	385	150	230	640	375	265
Bachelor's degree	310	125	185	275	170	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	50	30	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	15	15	0
Master's degree	35	15	25	265	150	115
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	30	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,495	685	810	1,245	745	500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	605	270	335	235	175	55
Education	50	10	40	30	15	15
13. Education	50	10	40	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	60	45	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	45	30	20
Humanities	50	25	30	60	10	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	15	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	100	25	80	135	45	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	15	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	65	15	50	40	15	30
Business, management and public administration	195	95	100	285	145	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	195	95	100	275	140	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	35	20	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	15	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	35	15	125	100	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	30	0	120	95	20
25. Library science	15	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	185	145	40	170	130	45
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	95	60	35	130	90	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	40	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	30	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	30	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	15	10
Health and related fields	155	45	115	60	25	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	140	35	100	55	20	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	30	20	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	0	25	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	945	430	515	930	580	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	260	140	120	145	110	35
Education	35	0	30	20	10	10
13. Education	35	0	30	20	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	55	40	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	40	30	15
Humanities	35	10	20	35	0	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	20	65	100	35	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	55	10	40	35	15	20
Business, management and public administration	160	70	90	215	110	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	160	70	90	205	105	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	25	25	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	20	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	30	15	120	95	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	0	110	85	20
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	125	90	30	145	105	30
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	35	25	115	85	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	20	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	20	20	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	15	10	0
Health and related fields	120	30	90	40	20	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	100	20	75	35	20	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15	20	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	10	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	945	430	515	930	580	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	260	140	120	145	110	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	685	290	395	790	475	315
Location of study inside Canada	480	205	280	460	285	180
Same as province or territory of residence	460	195	265	390	220	170
Different than province or territory of residence	25	10	15	70	65	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	205	90	110	325	190	135
Americas	35	15	15	100	75	30
United States of America	0	0	0	50	45	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	15	125	60	70
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	85	45	40
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	75	35	45	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	20	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	65	25	40	85	50	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20	20	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	30	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,495	685	810	1,245	745	495
In the labour force	955	470	490	880	500	380
Employed	855	425	425	740	420	315
Unemployed	100	40	65	145	75	60
Not in the labour force	540	220	320	360	245	115
Participation rate	63.9	68.6	60.5	70.7	67.1	76.8
Employment rate	57.2	62.0	52.5	59.4	56.4	63.6
Unemployment rate	10.5	8.5	13.3	16.5	15.0	15.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,495	685	810	1,245	745	500
Did not work¹⁸⁶	535	200	335	395	260	140
Worked	960	485	480	845	485	360
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	520	270	250	460	295	155
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	440	215	225	395	190	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	42.1	40.5	39.5	41.5	36.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	955	465	490	880	500	380
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	30	15	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	940	465	470	850	490	360
Employee	835	400	430	740	430	310
Permanent position	750	360	390	600	350	250
Temporary position	85	50	45	135	70	65
Fixed term (1 year or more)	30	10	20	80	45	35
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	60	40	20	55	30	30
Self-employed¹⁹²	105	65	40	115	65	50
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	955	465	490	880	500	380
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	30	15	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	940	465	470	850	490	360
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	155	35	115	230	105	125
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	135	95	40	175	145	35
3 Health occupations	135	35	100	30	20	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	30	75	120	55	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	10	20	55	45	20
6 Sales and service occupations	245	150	95	195	85	110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	90	0	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	20	15	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	955	465	490	880	500	380
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	0	20	30	15	20
All industries¹⁹¹	940	465	470	850	490	360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	30	25	10	25	15	10
31-33 Manufacturing	90	45	45	45	25	25
41 Wholesale trade	80	40	40	20	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	110	60	55	55	35	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	50	10	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	20	20	0	80	65	15
52 Finance and insurance	20	15	0	125	60	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	60	35	200	150	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	20	25	10	15
61 Educational services	70	20	50	80	40	40
62 Health care and social assistance	155	35	120	55	30	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	15	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	55	30	20	40	10	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	10	25	35	10	20
91 Public administration	55	30	25	30	15	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,020	510	505	910	520	390
English	255	145	115	315	205	115
French	140	60	80	160	90	70
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	605	295	315	385	210	175
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,020	510	505	910	520	390
Single responses	790	390	395	835	500	335
Official languages	785	390	395	810	490	320
English	470	230	235	435	285	160
French	315	160	160	370	210	165
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	225	120	110	80	25	55
English and French	225	115	110	75	25	50
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,020	510	505	910	520	390
None	615	315	300	560	320	235
English	180	100	80	215	115	100
French	210	90	125	110	70	40
Non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	850	425	425	740	420	320
Worked at home	170	80	90	410	255	155
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	95	60	40	50	25	25
Usual place of work	585	285	300	270	145	125
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	585	285	300	270	145	125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	315	150	170	240	120	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	225	115	110	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40	25	20	30	20	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	680	340	335	320	165	155
Car, truck or van	555	280	280	75	50	30
Car, truck or van - as a driver	530	270	260	75	50	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	10	15	0	0	0
Public transit	65	30	40	120	50	65
Walked	35	25	10	105	50	55
Bicycle	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other method	15	10	10	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	680	340	335	320	165	155
Less than 15 minutes	160	75	80	85	55	25
15 to 29 minutes	245	140	110	115	50	70
30 to 44 minutes	175	80	90	65	40	25
45 to 59 minutes	55	25	30	40	15	20
60 minutes and over	45	25	25	15	0	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	680	340	335	320	165	155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	30	10	10	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	100	55	45	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	140	45	95	95	35	60
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	145	65	75	80	55	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	110	55	55	75	30	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	145	90	55	50	30	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	460	240	220	95	45	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	200	110	95	20	15	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	255	130	125	75	35	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	340	175	160	45	20	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	80	65	15	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	65	55	15	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	20	20	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	190	95	95	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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