Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24663018More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661240More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	626	...	...	3,198	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	340	...	...	1,665	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	327	...	...	1,512	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,319.1	...	...	4,261.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	625	290	340	3,195	1,485	1,715
0 to 14 years	105	50	55	385	180	200
0 to 4 years	50	25	25	130	65	65
5 to 9 years	30	15	10	135	60	70
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	125	60	65
15 to 64 years	395	195	195	2,130	1,020	1,110
15 to 19 years	35	20	15	100	45	50
20 to 24 years	35	10	20	130	65	65
25 to 29 years	30	15	20	240	110	135
30 to 34 years	50	20	25	310	165	140
35 to 39 years	60	30	25	255	125	125
40 to 44 years	50	35	20	245	125	115
45 to 49 years	35	15	20	200	100	100
50 to 54 years	40	20	15	230	95	135
55 to 59 years	35	15	25	225	100	125
60 to 64 years	35	25	10	210	90	120
65 years and over	125	40	85	680	280	400
65 to 69 years	50	20	30	185	75	105
70 to 74 years	35	10	30	140	75	70
75 to 79 years	20	5	15	90	35	55
80 to 84 years	15	10	10	75	30	45
85 years and over	5	0	5	190	65	125
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	95	35	60
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	70	20	45
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	20	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.2	16.2	12.1	12.1	11.7
15 to 64 years	63.2	67.2	57.4	66.7	68.7	64.7
65 years and over	20.0	13.8	25.0	21.3	18.9	23.3
85 years and over	0.8	0.0	1.5	5.9	4.4	7.3
Average age of the population	41.2	39.6	42.6	45.2	43.7	46.4
Median age of the population	40.4	39.2	41.6	44.0	42.0	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	325	...	...	1,515	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	320	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,115	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	330	...	...	1,510	...	...
1 person	165	...	...	610	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	560	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	190	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	115	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	625	290	340	2,940	1,405	1,535
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	525	240	280	2,810	1,300	1,510
Married or living common-law	210	110	100	1,610	815	795
Married	175	85	85	1,130	560	570
Living common-law	40	20	20	475	250	225
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	365	195	175
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	10	0	10
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	90	55	35
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	10	5	5
Not married and not living common-law	310	135	180	1,205	485	720
Not married and not living common law - Never married	190	90	95	800	390	410
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	10	10	60	25	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	25	45	200	45	150
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	0	30	145	20	120
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	155	...	...	870	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	545	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	190	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	115	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	870	...	...
Total couple families	100	...	...	745	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	510	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	240	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	265	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	235	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	180	...	...
Total one-parent families	55	...	...	125	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	50	...	...	100	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	625	285	340	2,935	1,405	1,535
Total - Persons in census families	435	190	240	2,230	1,075	1,155
Married spouses or common-law partners	195	100	100	1,495	760	730
Parents in one-parent families	55	5	45	125	20	105
Children⁶	185	85	95	615	295	320
In a two-parent family	100	50	50	450	210	245
In a one-parent family	85	35	50	160	80	80
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	190	90	95	710	330	380
Living alone	170	80	90	610	275	330
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	35	15	20
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	5	70	40	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	330	...	...	1,510	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	145	...	...	835	...	...
Couple-family households	95	...	...	725	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	290	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	435	...	...
One-parent-family households	50	...	...	105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	165	...	...	610	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	520	240	280	2,555	1,220	1,335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	230	270	2,470	1,185	1,285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	34,800	28,600	58,400	70,500	49,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	230	270	2,475	1,185	1,290
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	30,800	27,400	48,400	57,600	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	195	215	2,330	1,130	1,200
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,800	29,600	16,800	53,600	70,000	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	180	160	1,880	955	925
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	32,400	26,200	57,600	71,500	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	210	250	1,690	750	945
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	8,400	14,100	9,000	8,300	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55	30	25	185	75	115
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,880	6,000	6,280	6,000	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	90	85	720	350	370
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	7,650	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	540	235	310	2,635	1,275	1,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	220	285	2,555	1,245	1,305
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	43,600	31,200	89,800	116,200	64,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	220	285	2,560	1,245	1,320
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,900	36,400	28,400	64,200	80,000	49,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	405	190	215	2,350	1,175	1,170
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	40,400	23,800	90,000	117,600	62,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	155	160	2,005	1,020	985
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	45,000	27,000	82,100	104,000	59,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	205	280	1,735	760	975
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,240	9,800	13,900	10,310	8,520	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	45	25	190	65	125
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	7,000	6,000	10,200	4,400	13,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	165	70	95	725	335	390
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	8,400	7,800	9,780	9,200	10,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	540	240	305	2,635	1,275	1,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	80	65	1,110	625	485
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	60,800	43,600	86,000	96,000	73,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	70,000	42,000	118,800	140,000	90,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	65	75	735	330	400
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	25,200	20,800	21,600	22,200	21,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	22,000	21,000	38,800	47,600	31,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.5	79.0	57.0	92.2	95.6	86.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.0	72.0	48.0	71.8	73.2	69.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.4	20.4	43.0	7.8	4.5	13.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	3.2	1.4	0.8	0.2	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.3	7.0	9.8	3.3	2.3	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.1	6.4	8.0	3.1	2.1	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	525	240	280	2,555	1,225	1,330
Without total income	20	10	10	80	35	45
With total income	505	230	270	2,470	1,190	1,280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	15	30	230	95	140
$10,000 to $19,999	70	30	40	205	80	125
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	75	250	115	140
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	40	230	90	135
$40,000 to $49,999	80	35	40	190	80	110
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	150	60	90
$60,000 to $69,999	35	20	10	160	65	90
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	155	75	80
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	120	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	105	55	55
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	670	410	260
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	355	200	155
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	315	210	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	525	240	280	2,555	1,225	1,330
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	85	35	50
With after-tax income	505	230	270	2,470	1,190	1,285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	15	30	245	95	145
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	40	215	75	135
$20,000 to $29,999	150	65	85	295	140	160
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	50	270	105	170
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	40	245	110	135
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	20	230	100	130
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	195	105	95
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	175	100	70
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	125	65	60
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	95	55	40
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	375	235	140
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	160	85	70
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	215	150	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	525	240	280	2,555	1,225	1,330
Without employment income	190	65	125	670	270	405
With employment income	335	175	160	1,885	955	930
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	20	30	230	100	130
$5,000 to $9,999	35	20	15	130	70	55
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	20	160	50	110
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	140	65	80
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	25	110	45	65
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	105	40	70
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	5	90	45	45
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	110	50	65
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	100	55	45
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	80	40	45
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	535	335	200
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	185	100	80
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	350	235	120
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	520	240	280	2,555	1,220	1,335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	220	260	2,405	1,160	1,245
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400	29,600	23,000	56,400	68,500	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	220	260	2,405	1,160	1,245
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,000	26,800	22,800	46,800	54,400	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	395	195	200	2,290	1,120	1,170
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,800	28,000	20,000	55,200	67,000	44,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	335	180	155	1,885	955	920
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	29,000	25,400	58,400	69,000	48,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	170	245	1,460	625	835
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	2,540	10,800	2,480	2,000	3,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	20	15	105	45	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	x	x	5,640	4,560	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	540	235	310	2,635	1,275	1,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	220	280	2,465	1,220	1,245
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	27,400	83,300	103,200	63,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	220	280	2,465	1,220	1,245
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	31,600	25,200	60,300	72,000	48,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	420	200	220	2,350	1,185	1,165
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,900	34,400	23,800	83,700	103,400	63,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	165	165	2,020	1,040	980
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,200	25,600	81,500	99,000	63,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	165	265	1,405	600	800
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,920	7,350	9,900	6,010	5,160	6,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	15	0	80	25	55
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	6,000	...	7,700	7,200	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	540	240	305	2,635	1,275	1,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	145	80	60	1,105	625	480
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	39,200	40,400	39,200	83,000	88,000	71,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	46,000	52,000	38,000	111,000	129,000	87,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130	70	65	685	310	375
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	24,600	30,200	30,400	31,600	28,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,200	26,000	29,000	50,500	59,200	43,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	76.0	86.0	66.0	95.8	97.6	93.2
Employment income (%)	66.5	77.0	55.0	80.2	82.0	77.6
Government transfers (%)	24.2	14.8	34.0	4.1	2.5	6.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	1.2	x	0.3	0.2	0.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	330	...	...	1,510	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	165	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	165	...	...	900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	55,400	...	...	152,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,200	...	...	109,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	136,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	960	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	161,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	118,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	330	...	...	1,510	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	780	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	330	...	...	1,510	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	275	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	150	...	...	875	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	435	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	185	90	90	675	315	360
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	40,400	27,800	70,500	78,500	63,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	35,600	27,000	55,600	62,000	51,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	160	...	...	925	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	160,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	410	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	117,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	131,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	195	90	105	615	290	320
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	45,000	27,600	131,000	176,000	91,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	37,500	25,600	89,600	115,000	67,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	625	290	340	2,940	1,405	1,535
0 to 17 years	125	60	65	440	210	235
0 to 5 years	60	25	30	160	75	80
18 to 64 years	380	185	190	2,065	995	1,075
65 years and over	125	40	85	430	205	220
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	180	75	105	390	180	210
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	85	35	45	275	130	145
65 years and over	50	15	35	50	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	29.0	26.0	31.2	13.3	12.9	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	34.0	34.0	34.0	16.5	15.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	44.0	40.0	50.0	15.0	10.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	22.4	20.0	25.0	13.2	13.2	13.2
65 years and over (%)	44.0	45.0	44.0	10.8	9.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	625	285	340	2,935	1,405	1,535
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	440	205	235
0 to 5 years	55	25	30	160	80	85
18 to 64 years	375	185	195	2,070	990	1,075
65 years and over	125	45	80	430	205	225
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	80	30	50	275	125	155
0 to 17 years	20	5	10	55	20	30
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	20	10	15
18 to 64 years	45	20	25	205	100	110
65 years and over	15	5	10	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.4	11.0	13.6	9.4	8.8	10.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	12.0	12.0	12.4	11.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	12.0	12.0	8.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	10.0	14.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	14.0	3.6	x	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	625	290	340	2,940	1,405	1,535
In bottom half of the distribution	535	240	295	1,145	535	610
In bottom decile	140	60	80	355	160	195
In second decile	160	75	90	200	105	95
In third decile	105	45	55	190	80	110
In fourth decile	65	30	40	200	100	105
In fifth decile	65	30	30	195	95	105
In top half of the distribution	90	45	40	1,790	870	925
In sixth decile	40	20	20	225	100	125
In seventh decile	25	10	15	240	115	125
In eighth decile	10	0	0	315	155	160
In ninth decile	0	0	0	325	150	175
In top decile	10	5	0	680	340	335
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	625	...	...	2,935	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.285	...	...	0.447	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.502	...	...	0.513	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...	0.385	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	6.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
English only	215	90	125	510	260	245
French only	40	20	25	360	130	235
English and French	340	165	175	2,265	1,075	1,195
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	60	20	40
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
English	370	160	205	985	475	510
French	140	70	70	1,765	800	970
English and French	90	45	45	390	190	200
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	60	20	40
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
Single responses	570	260	315	2,975	1,380	1,600
Official languages	295	135	160	1,815	830	980
English	195	90	105	355	170	180
French	95	45	50	1,465	660	805
Non-official languages	280	120	155	1,160	545	620
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	280	120	155	1,160	545	620
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	145	75	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hausa	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	35	135	70	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	35	35	130	65	65
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	65	90	575	275	305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25	115	55	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	25	115	55	60
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	15	20	10	5
Russian	10	5	5	80	35	45
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
German	5	0	5	30	10	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	35	35	175	85	90
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25	20	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	150	65	80
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	5	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	5	5	150	65	80
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	145	70	80
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	240	110	125
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	45	20	20
Portuguese	5	5	0	50	25	25
Romanian	5	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	20	5	10	120	55	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	335	150	180
Chinese languages	5	0	5	335	150	180
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	10
Mandarin	5	0	5	245	110	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	70	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	25	220	105	120
English and French	15	5	10	80	45	40
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	70	25	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	30	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
English	220	105	120	360	175	190
French	55	30	25	1,250	575	675
Non-official language	120	55	65	410	195	220
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	120	55	65	410	195	220
English and French	50	20	25	330	165	170
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	325	155	165
French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	195	70	120
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	30	315	145	170
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	10	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
Single responses	560	260	295	2,930	1,355	1,570
Official languages	370	175	195	2,220	1,025	1,190
English	275	125	155	660	315	345
French	95	50	45	1,560	715	850
Non-official languages	190	90	100	710	330	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	90	100	710	330	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	65	30	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	25	30	65	30	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	25	30	65	30	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	55	330	150	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	80	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	80	35	40
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	5	0	5
Russian	5	5	5	65	30	35
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	30	25	120	55	65
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	5	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	110	45	65
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	5	110	45	65
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	110	45	65
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	120	60	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Portuguese	5	5	0	30	15	15
Romanian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	85	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	265	125	135
Chinese languages	0	0	0	265	125	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	200	95	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	55	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	25	40	270	130	145
English and French	20	10	15	105	45	60
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	25	80	40	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	45	20	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	625	285	340	3,200	1,480	1,715
None	440	205	235	2,210	1,025	1,185
English	35	20	15	305	145	160
French	50	15	35	185	90	100
Non-official language	55	25	30	260	110	150
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	30	260	110	150
English and French	15	5	5	65	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	60	35	30
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	85	35	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	655	290	360	3,075	1,485	1,595
Official languages	610	270	340	3,005	1,465	1,545
English	550	250	305	2,680	1,325	1,355
French	415	190	220	2,480	1,210	1,270
Non-official languages	410	170	245	1,745	805	945
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	410	170	245	1,745	805	945
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	45	60	270	160	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	40	45	265	155	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	30	45	260	155	105
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	0	25	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	105	130	945	405	535
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	15	50	130	60	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	15	45	130	60	65
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	20	15	10
Russian	30	10	25	100	50	50
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	15	0	20	15	10
German	20	15	0	20	15	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	265	125	140
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40	60	30	35
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	60	30	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	15	210	100	115
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	15	210	100	115
Dari	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	205	100	105
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	20	520	215	305
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10	105	35	70
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	60	55
Romanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Spanish	0	0	0	360	145	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	485	215	270
Chinese languages	10	0	10	485	215	270
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	415	180	230
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	130	60	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	40	10	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	655	295	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	25	15	15
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	655	295	360	3,050	1,470	1,580
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	655	295	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	655	295	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Owner	65	...	...	1,020	...	...
Renter	270	...	...	485	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...	1,410	...	...
Not condominium	255	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	380	...	...
2 bedrooms	160	...	...	805	...	...
3 bedrooms	40	...	...	270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	270	...	...	1,010	...	...
5 rooms	55	...	...	295	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	50	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.7	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	320	...	...	1,485	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Suitable	285	...	...	1,395	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	195	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	100	...	...	295	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	600	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	325	...	...	1,430	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
One-maintainer household	270	...	...	835	...	...
Two-maintainer household	65	...	...	645	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	315	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	285	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	275	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	150	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	335	...	...	1,490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	950	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100	...	...	535	...	...
30% to less than 100%	85	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	340	...	...	1,500	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	150	...	...	640	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	85	...	...	465	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...	70	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	35	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	40	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	185	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	315	...	...	1,370	...	...
In core need	50	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	265	...	...	1,335	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	1,020	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	38.5	...	...	72.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.8	...	...	30.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	604	...	...	1,980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	2,132	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	560,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	320,000	...	...	662,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.2	...	...	48.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	6.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	1,920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	650	290	365	3,080	1,485	1,590
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	20	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	35	0	30
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	35	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	30	0	25
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	650	285	365	3,020	1,460	1,560
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	650	290	360	3,075	1,485	1,590
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	515	215	300	2,460	1,210	1,250
Canadian citizens aged under 18	120	55	65	415	190	220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	400	160	240	2,045	1,020	1,025
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	75	65	620	275	345
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	650	290	360	3,075	1,485	1,590
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	335	150	185	1,570	765	805
Immigrants⁸¹	295	125	175	1,325	645	680
Before 1980	35	20	15	85	30	55
1980 to 1990	20	0	20	95	40	55
1991 to 2000	60	15	40	210	115	100
2001 to 2010	65	30	35	355	185	165
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	55	65	575	265	310
2011 to 2015	55	25	25	235	105	130
2016 to 2021	65	30	35	345	160	180
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	15	0	185	80	100
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	295	125	175	1,325	640	680
Under 5 years	40	20	20	85	50	30
5 to 14 years	20	10	0	260	145	115
15 to 24 years	70	25	50	195	95	95
25 to 44 years	130	60	70	700	305	395
45 years and over	35	10	25	85	45	45
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	295	125	175	1,325	640	680
Americas	40	20	20	165	85	80
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	30	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	25	15
Europe	95	45	50	250	140	110
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	90	60	35
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	25	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	15	20	0	15
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	15	0	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	20	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	10	35	15	25
Africa	50	15	30	165	75	90
Algeria	15	10	0	25	0	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	20	30	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	70	35	40
Asia	120	50	75	745	345	400
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	150	70	85
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	40	20	20
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	45	25	20
Turkey	0	0	0	25	15	10
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	290	130	160
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	30	15	15
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	35	20	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	10	55	20	30
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	25	35	340	160	180
Americas	0	0	0	35	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	35	20	15
France	0	0	0	35	20	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	50	15	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	25	220	100	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	120	50	65
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	35	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	25	20	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	655	290	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
First generation¹⁰⁰	325	140	185	1,565	750	820
Second generation¹⁰¹	175	80	100	480	230	250
Third generation or more¹⁰²	150	75	75	1,030	505	525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	260	100	155	1,240	610	630
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	110	50	65	965	475	490
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	25	0	410	235	180
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	25	60	555	245	310
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	35	65	175	80	95
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	15	20	100	60	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	260	100	155	1,240	610	630
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	15	50	35	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	20	10	100	45	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	75	40	35
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	155	75	80
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	210	80	125	865	415	450
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	655	290	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	315	145	175	1,260	575	685
South Asian	75	30	45	75	25	45
Chinese	10	0	10	515	235	285
Black	65	25	40	120	70	50
Filipino	0	0	0	15	0	15
Arab	80	35	45	165	75	95
Latin American	0	0	0	80	30	55
Southeast Asian	15	15	0	35	25	10
West Asian	20	10	15	170	80	95
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	35	20	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	335	150	185	1,820	910	910
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	650	290	360	3,075	1,485	1,595
Canadian	80	40	45	345	170	180
English	30	15	15	50	20	30
Irish	30	10	15	125	50	70
Scottish	35	15	25	30	20	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	75	40	40	540	280	260
German	20	0	15	60	25	35
Chinese	15	0	15	500	225	275
Italian	20	15	10	180	85	95
Indian (India)	70	35	30	65	30	35
Ukrainian	10	0	10	40	30	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	20	25	15	10
Québécois	20	20	0	80	65	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	10	15	15	0
Filipino	0	0	0	10	0	10
French Canadian	0	0	0	145	70	70
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	55	25	30
Russian	35	10	25	60	30	35
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	35	20
American	0	0	0	25	15	0
Spanish	0	0	0	50	15	30
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Acadian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	10	10	35	30	10
Jewish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	25	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	65	40	20
Greek	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	10
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	50	25	30
Iranian	0	0	0	155	80	80
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Haitian	25	0	20	10	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	20	0	55	35	30
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	20	0	10
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	40	10	20
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	655	295	360	3,080	1,485	1,595
Buddhist	0	0	0	55	15	40
Christian	325	135	190	1,405	660	745
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	15	30	140	60	75
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	205	80	125	1,145	545	605
Christian Orthodox	40	25	25	75	40	40
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindu	35	25	15	55	25	30
Jewish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Muslim	180	85	95	380	190	200
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	95	40	55	1,140	580	560
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	640	290	355	3,050	1,475	1,575
Non-movers	560	250	305	2,270	1,100	1,170
Movers	80	35	45	775	375	400
Non-migrants	45	20	25	510	240	275
Migrants	35	15	15	265	140	130
Internal migrants	10	10	0	165	90	70
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	140	80	60
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	25	15	10
External migrants	20	10	15	100	45	60
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	595	260	330	2,950	1,435	1,510
Non-movers	300	110	185	970	470	500
Movers	300	150	145	1,980	965	1,015
Non-migrants	140	75	70	1,025	510	515
Migrants	155	80	80	955	455	500
Internal migrants	85	45	35	590	285	305
Intraprovincial migrants	65	35	30	520	235	285
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	70	55	20
External migrants	70	30	40	360	165	195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	540	240	305	2,635	1,275	1,360
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	50	50	135	45	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	445	190	255	2,495	1,230	1,270
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	330	150	180	2,065	1,000	1,065
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	35	15	45	15	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	120	165	2,020	985	1,030
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	545	235	310	2,635	1,275	1,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	35	50	125	30	95
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	180	80	95	325	170	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	120	155	2,190	1,070	1,120
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	70	100	600	295	305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	25	20	95	65	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	15	65	35	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	30	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	110	40	65	350	165	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	155	65	90
Bachelor's degree or higher	105	50	55	1,590	775	815
Bachelor's degree	80	35	45	825	370	455
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	120	55	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	65	35	25
Master's degree	20	10	10	495	265	225
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	90	50	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	325	150	180	2,065	1,005	1,060
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	10	35	0	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	35	50	175	95	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	90	120	1,850	905	950
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	55	70	460	235	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	10	80	50	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	10	55	30	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	35	45	275	135	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	110	50	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	90	40	55	1,390	670	720
Bachelor's degree	70	25	45	710	325	390
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	105	40	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	40	20	20
Master's degree	20	10	10	445	235	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	90	45	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	545	235	305	2,640	1,275	1,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	265	120	150	450	205	240
Education	15	0	15	80	15	60
13. Education	15	0	15	80	15	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	80	30	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	75	25	45
Humanities	35	10	20	90	30	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	40	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	345	125	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	35	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	90	35	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	50	15	35
45. Social sciences	30	10	15	125	60	65
Business, management and public administration	35	20	15	685	315	370
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	25	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	20	15	660	300	360
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	110	65	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	50	25	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	45	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	160	105	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	130	90	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	40	20	375	275	100
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	40	25	15
14. Engineering	20	10	10	290	200	85
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	20	15	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	30	0	20	210	80	125
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	20	205	80	125
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	35	10	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	35	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	330	150	175	2,065	1,005	1,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	120	55	60	215	95	115
Education	15	0	15	50	10	40
13. Education	15	0	15	50	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	65	25	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	60	20	35
Humanities	25	0	20	65	30	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	35	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	25	290	105	185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	30	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	80	30	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	105	55	50
Business, management and public administration	25	15	10	590	270	320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	15	10	580	265	315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	80	40	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	50	25	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	150	100	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	10	125	90	35
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	30	15	335	245	90
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	10
14. Engineering	20	10	10	260	180	80
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	25	10	15
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	20	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	165	65	95
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	160	60	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	30	10	25
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	25	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	330	150	175	2,065	1,005	1,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	120	55	60	215	95	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	210	95	115	1,855	905	945
Location of study inside Canada	110	40	70	1,335	660	675
Same as province or territory of residence	110	40	70	1,245	615	630
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	85	45	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	100	50	45	515	250	270
Americas	0	0	0	105	50	55
United States of America	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	45	20	25
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	155	90	65
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	85	60	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	35	15	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	20	15	0
Asia	70	30	35	220	95	130
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	60	20	45
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	10
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	65	30	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	20	10	25	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	545	235	310	2,635	1,275	1,360
In the labour force	310	170	145	1,925	975	950
Employed	275	150	130	1,750	895	855
Unemployed	35	15	20	175	75	100
Not in the labour force	230	70	165	710	300	410
Participation rate	56.9	72.3	46.8	73.1	76.5	69.9
Employment rate	50.5	63.8	41.9	66.4	70.2	62.9
Unemployment rate	11.3	8.8	13.8	9.1	7.7	10.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	545	235	305	2,640	1,275	1,365
Did not work¹⁸⁶	235	70	165	695	265	435
Worked	305	165	140	1,940	1,010	930
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	150	90	65	1,145	645	500
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	155	80	75	790	365	425
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	40.8	42.8	40.9	42.5	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	310	165	140	1,925	975	950
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	75	30	40
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	300	165	140	1,850	940	905
Employee	275	150	125	1,440	725	715
Permanent position	250	140	110	1,280	665	610
Temporary position	25	10	20	160	55	105
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	15	95	35	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10	10	0	70	25	45
Self-employed¹⁹²	20	15	10	405	215	190
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	310	165	140	1,925	975	950
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	75	30	40
All occupations¹⁹¹	300	165	140	1,850	940	905
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	0	145	105	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	10	40	475	170	300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	35	0	345	260	85
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	135	70	65
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	0	25	230	70	160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	60	20	30
6 Sales and service occupations	90	50	35	365	165	200
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	30	20	75	60	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	20	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	310	165	140	1,925	975	950
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	75	30	40
All industries¹⁹¹	300	165	140	1,850	940	905
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	10	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	60	45	15
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	20	75	65	10
41 Wholesale trade	25	0	15	70	30	35
44-45 Retail trade	50	20	30	200	85	115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	10	55	40	15
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	75	45	30
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	170	95	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	40	15	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	30	10	460	255	205
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	60	30	30
61 Educational services	0	0	0	135	40	95
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	170	60	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	35	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	15	15	0	80	40	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	15	0	50	20	25
91 Public administration	0	0	0	85	40	45
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	325	175	150	2,025	1,035	985
English	95	60	35	390	205	180
French	40	20	15	495	230	270
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and French	170	85	85	950	535	420
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	75	45	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	90	25	65
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	325	175	150	2,025	1,035	985
Single responses	250	145	100	1,750	920	835
Official languages	240	145	100	1,705	900	805
English	165	100	65	715	400	315
French	80	45	35	995	505	495
Non-official languages	10	0	0	45	20	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	45	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	25	45	270	120	150
English and French	75	25	45	235	105	130
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	10	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	325	175	150	2,025	1,035	985
None	210	110	100	1,130	540	585
English	40	30	10	500	280	215
French	60	35	25	270	165	105
Non-official language	0	0	0	45	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	45	15	25
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25	10	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	280	150	125	1,750	900	855
Worked at home	55	30	20	840	435	410
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	10	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	0	70	50	25
Usual place of work	195	100	100	815	405	415
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	195	100	95	815	405	415
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	80	45	35	585	270	315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	45	55	30	20	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	10	200	115	85
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	220	120	100	890	450	435
Car, truck or van	155	75	75	640	330	310
Car, truck or van - as a driver	145	75	75	595	320	275
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	40	10	35
Public transit	30	15	15	165	85	80
Walked	30	25	10	65	30	40
Bicycle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	15	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	220	120	100	890	450	435
Less than 15 minutes	30	25	0	165	85	85
15 to 29 minutes	90	45	45	395	190	200
30 to 44 minutes	50	25	20	250	135	115
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	20	55	25	40
60 minutes and over	30	15	15	15	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	220	120	100	890	450	435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	30	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	10	25	90	65	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	15	45	225	135	90
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	30	0	270	120	155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	210	80	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	65	45	15	65	25	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	125	60	65	450	205	240
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	20	30	125	60	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	320	150	170
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	75	40	35	315	140	170
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	25	100	40	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	10	20	75	30	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	25	15	210	100	110

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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