Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662935More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662646More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661788More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	703	...	...	532	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	526	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	343	...	...	291	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	315	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	338	...	...	273	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	975.4	...	...	9,415.9	...	...	6.5	...	...	14,692.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.72	...	...	0.06	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	700	315	385	535	240	295	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	530	275	250
0 to 14 years	110	55	50	80	45	40	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	60	30	30
0 to 4 years	30	10	20	20	10	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	20	10	10
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	30	20	15	478,955	245,295	233,665	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	45	25	20	30	15	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	15	10	5
15 to 64 years	370	170	195	325	155	170	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	380	200	180
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	25	15	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	20	10	10
20 to 24 years	25	10	10	25	10	15	460,660	235,250	225,405	25	20	10
25 to 29 years	25	10	15	30	10	15	527,150	266,455	260,700	80	40	35
30 to 34 years	30	15	20	35	15	15	536,040	267,770	268,270	70	40	30
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	30	20	15	550,425	274,350	276,075	55	20	35
40 to 44 years	50	25	20	45	20	25	572,565	286,405	286,160	30	20	15
45 to 49 years	35	15	20	30	15	15	516,465	259,565	256,905	25	10	10
50 to 54 years	45	25	20	35	15	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	45	20	25	30	10	20	615,690	307,230	308,465	30	15	10
60 to 64 years	60	25	35	35	15	15	625,610	307,710	317,900	30	15	15
65 years and over	225	90	135	125	40	80	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	85	40	45
65 to 69 years	50	30	20	30	10	20	541,970	264,020	277,950	30	20	5
70 to 74 years	50	20	30	30	10	25	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	5	10
75 to 79 years	60	25	35	35	15	25	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	5	15
80 to 84 years	25	10	15	15	5	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	5	10
85 years and over	45	5	40	20	5	10	214,415	75,305	139,115	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	35	5	35	10	5	10	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	17.5	13.0	15.0	18.8	13.6	16.4	17.0	15.8	11.3	10.9	12.0
15 to 64 years	52.9	54.0	50.6	60.7	64.6	57.6	63.0	63.9	62.1	71.7	72.7	72.0
65 years and over	32.1	28.6	35.1	23.4	16.7	27.1	20.6	19.1	22.1	16.0	14.5	18.0
85 years and over	6.4	1.6	10.4	3.7	2.1	3.4	2.5	1.8	3.2	0.9	1.8	2.0
Average age of the population	48.9	46.4	50.9	44.4	41.4	46.8	42.8	41.8	43.7	40.2	39.6	41.0
Median age of the population	52.8	51.2	55.2	44.0	41.6	47.2	43.2	42.0	44.0	36.4	35.2	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	340	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Single-detached house	105	...	...	15	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	5	...	...	199,080	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	65	...	...	271,245	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	210	...	...	185	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	5	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	335	...	...	270	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
1 person	165	...	...	130	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	155	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	80	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	35	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	25	...	...	427,605	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	10	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	655	290	365	535	240	295	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	525	275	250
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	595	260	335	450	195	255	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	465	240	225
Married or living common-law	265	135	135	200	105	100	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	180	90	95
Married	155	80	75	125	60	60	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	70	35	35
Living common-law	115	50	60	75	40	40	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	115	60	60
Living common law - Never married	100	50	50	65	30	30	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	105	55	55
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	10	10	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	325	125	200	245	95	155	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	280	145	135
Not married and not living common law - Never married	175	85	85	160	75	85	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	220	135	90
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	10	5	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	90	25	65	50	10	35	494,210	197,455	296,755	30	10	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	55	10	45	30	5	25	380,100	89,515	290,580	25	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	180	...	...	135	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	105	...	...	75	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	30	...	...	454,980	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	412,850	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	10	...	...	187,600	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	140	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	110	...	...
Total couple families	130	...	...	100	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	90	...	...
Married couples	75	...	...	60	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	30	...	...	502,020	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	45	...	...	30	...	...	609,605	...	...	15	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	40	...	...	828,005	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	15	...	...	401,885	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	25	...	...	426,120	...	...	40	...	...
Total one-parent families	50	...	...	40	...	...	383,775	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	40	...	...	35	...	...	284,025	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	655	290	365	535	240	295	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	525	275	250
Total - Persons in census families	480	230	255	385	180	205	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	280	145	135
Married spouses or common-law partners	260	130	130	200	100	100	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	180	90	85
Parents in one-parent families	45	5	40	40	5	30	383,780	99,755	284,020	20	5	10
Children⁶	175	95	85	150	75	70	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	85	50	35
In a two-parent family	110	65	50	85	45	45	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	55	30	25
In a one-parent family	60	35	30	60	30	30	585,820	317,400	268,415	30	20	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	175	65	115	150	60	85	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	250	130	115
Living alone	160	60	105	125	45	85	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	155	75	75
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	10	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	0	10
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	0	10	10	0	268,810	158,325	110,485	80	50	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	335	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	165	...	...	135	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	95	...	...
Couple-family households	125	...	...	100	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	45	...	...	851,835	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	50	...	...	982,260	...	...	50	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...	35	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	0	...	...	10	...	...	139,280	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	165	...	...	125	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	155	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	545	235	310	450	200	255	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	465	240	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	535	230	305	430	185	245	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	460	235	220
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,800	30,200	44,800	47,200	42,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	33,200	32,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	535	230	305	430	185	245	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	460	235	220
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	35,600	28,800	39,600	40,400	39,200	36,400	39,200	33,600	30,800	30,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	195	235	400	170	225	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	380	205	170
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	37,600	23,600	38,400	46,400	33,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	26,200	22,000	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	145	160	305	140	155	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	320	170	150
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,800	34,000	44,800	48,000	41,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	28,200	27,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	180	275	370	145	220	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	405	205	205
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,600	13,600	16,800	10,900	8,300	12,000	11,500	10,200	12,300	11,700	11,500	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35	20	20	45	20	20	837,635	441,080	396,550	75	45	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	x	x	5,280	5,280	4,400	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,520	5,520	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	60	50	115	55	60	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	180	100	80
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	7,750	7,000	6,240	7,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,500	10,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	615	285	330	440	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	455	245	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	600	280	320	415	175	240	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	445	235	210
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,400	54,000	37,800	41,400	47,600	36,800	51,160	57,550	44,960	37,200	35,200	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	600	280	320	415	175	240	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	445	235	210
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,400	34,000	35,600	40,000	32,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	32,800	30,800	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	245	240	365	160	205	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	335	185	150
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	50,800	31,000	34,600	40,800	29,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	33,600	30,400	37,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	380	210	175	230	115	120	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	305	165	140
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,600	34,400	44,400	50,000	38,500	46,240	51,950	40,040	35,200	33,600	37,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	225	290	405	165	235	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	385	195	190
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300	12,200	15,900	11,640	11,700	11,600	12,410	11,500	13,220	14,050	13,500	14,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	40	0	45	30	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	75	45	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	...	5,600	5,600	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	7,000	5,800	8,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	150	105	45	95	60	40	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	155	75	75
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,300	6,500	8,800	7,600	7,600	7,600	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,800	10,000	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	610	285	330	440	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	460	245	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	165	95	70	105	55	55	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	90	40	55
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	49,600	36,400	56,800	47,200	65,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	56,000	43,600	56,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500	79,000	52,000	69,000	76,000	62,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	61,000	60,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	80	65	95	45	50	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	190	105	80
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	18,400	25,800	24,000	34,000	10,900	18,600	21,400	16,600	20,800	21,000	20,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	26,000	31,000	26,800	34,000	18,500	28,160	32,120	24,360	24,800	28,000	20,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.0	82.0	62.0	73.0	77.0	69.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	67.5	68.0	66.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.8	66.0	50.0	59.0	66.0	52.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	65.0	67.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.0	18.0	38.5	27.0	23.2	30.8	20.1	15.8	25.6	32.4	32.0	33.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.6	x	1.4	2.4	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	3.2	3.0	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	5.4	6.4	4.5	5.4	4.8	6.1	10.3	10.6	10.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	4.6	3.4	4.4	5.2	3.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	9.2	9.5	8.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	550	235	315	450	195	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	465	240	225
Without total income	10	0	5	15	10	10	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	5	5
With total income	535	230	305	435	190	245	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	455	235	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	20	10	10	462,400	204,245	258,155	30	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	75	25	45	45	15	30	809,375	334,315	475,065	70	40	30
$20,000 to $29,999	120	40	85	70	30	45	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	105	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	70	25	40	55	20	30	896,520	414,070	482,445	80	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	25	60	25	35	849,005	411,680	437,325	45	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	25	45	15	30	687,020	345,720	341,305	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	25	10	15	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	30	15	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	25	10	20	284,690	158,760	125,930	25	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	20	10	10	198,140	112,355	85,780	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	40	25	10	35	25	15	556,780	365,700	191,080	20	10	10
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	25	15	10	385,890	245,635	140,260	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	15	10	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	550	235	315	450	195	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	465	240	225
Without after-tax income	10	0	5	15	10	10	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	5	5
With after-tax income	535	230	305	435	190	245	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	455	235	220
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	20	20	15	10	495,035	214,000	281,030	30	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	80	25	50	45	20	30	853,250	356,480	496,765	70	40	30
$20,000 to $29,999	145	50	95	80	35	50	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	120	65	55
$30,000 to $39,999	90	45	45	65	30	40	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	90	50	40
$40,000 to $49,999	65	25	35	75	30	45	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	25	45	20	25	691,015	372,870	318,145	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	20	40	20	25	459,665	251,490	208,170	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	25	10	10	292,135	160,985	131,150	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	5	10	15	10	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	5	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	15	10	5	229,765	156,750	73,020	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	10	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	10	5	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	550	235	315	450	195	255	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	465	240	225
Without employment income	240	90	150	150	55	100	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	145	70	75
With employment income	305	145	160	300	145	160	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	320	175	150
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	35	15	20	644,075	331,770	312,300	40	20	15
$5,000 to $9,999	25	15	10	25	5	15	401,185	180,585	220,595	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	30	20	10	603,350	273,725	329,620	50	35	15
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	15	30	10	15	495,105	228,670	266,435	40	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	20	25	10	10	488,000	239,620	248,380	35	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	30	20	15	35	15	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	35	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	25	15	15	403,980	217,425	186,560	15	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	25	10	15	320,700	184,770	135,935	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	15	5	10	250,635	147,020	103,615	25	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	15	20	5	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	15	10	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	20	5	30	20	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	15	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	10	5	15	10	5	205,085	133,500	71,585	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	10	10	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	545	235	310	450	200	255	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	465	240	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	530	230	300	420	180	240	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	445	225	215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,400	26,600	43,200	49,200	40,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	28,000	28,000	27,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	530	230	300	420	180	240	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	445	225	215
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	34,000	25,800	38,000	40,400	36,400	34,000	37,600	30,600	26,000	25,800	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	420	195	225	390	165	225	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	370	200	180
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	25,400	37,200	48,000	31,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	28,600	29,000	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	150	170	300	140	160	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	315	170	145
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,400	31,000	40,400	46,800	38,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	28,600	29,600	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	435	165	265	335	125	205	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	365	180	190
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,100	9,200	15,000	7,050	4,280	10,500	7,800	5,640	9,100	3,440	2,440	6,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	50	25	30	35	20	15	727,165	390,255	336,910	35	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,240	4,080	5,520	5,240	6,160	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	3,360	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	615	285	330	440	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	455	245	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	275	320	415	180	230	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	425	215	210
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	52,000	33,600	38,200	42,800	34,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	33,200	32,000	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	275	320	415	180	230	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	425	215	210
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	30,300	32,800	35,200	30,800	39,600	44,000	35,320	29,200	28,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	490	245	250	370	160	210	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	340	180	160
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	51,200	26,800	33,000	39,200	28,200	45,920	53,800	37,920	31,200	29,600	33,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	395	205	190	240	115	120	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	295	160	135
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	52,400	29,600	41,600	46,000	37,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	33,600	32,000	35,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	210	285	370	160	215	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	365	185	180
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,760	8,400	14,200	9,840	9,400	10,200	9,450	8,430	10,320	9,760	8,300	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50	20	35	30	25	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	40	20	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,000	3,200	4,400	6,000	7,600	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	9,500	3,600	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	610	285	330	440	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	460	245	215
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	165	90	70	105	55	55	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	90	40	55
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	63,600	33,200	47,200	38,800	53,600	54,800	60,000	49,200	42,800	37,600	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	82,000	40,000	63,000	70,000	56,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	51,000	48,000	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	140	75	65	90	45	50	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	165	95	70
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	16,400	35,200	28,800	29,800	10,000	23,600	27,200	21,000	29,400	39,200	13,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	28,000	29,000	28,400	34,000	23,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	29,800	33,500	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	76.5	88.0	62.0	77.0	80.0	73.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	75.0	78.0	72.0
Employment income (%)	65.0	75.0	53.0	63.0	70.0	56.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	71.0	75.0	68.0
Government transfers (%)	23.4	12.4	38.0	23.2	19.0	27.2	14.9	10.8	20.2	25.2	22.4	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.4	1.6	1.2	2.4	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	2.4	0.8	4.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	335	...	...	270	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	67,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	57,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	165	...	...	125	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	24,000	...	...	44,800	...	...	38,800	...	...	32,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	24,000	...	...	39,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	29,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	145	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	62,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	145	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,500	...	...	39,500	...	...	47,680	...	...	34,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,500	...	...	35,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	30,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	135	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	335	...	...	270	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	218,185	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	172,005	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	174,790	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	310,880	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	280,505	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	255,770	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	80	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	414,805	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	307,835	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	15	...	...	239,060	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	335	...	...	270	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	15	...	...	234,875	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	177,135	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	180,150	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	213,760	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	210,280	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	356,325	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	289,580	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	254,885	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	55	...	...	892,775	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	225,830	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	279,105	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	175	...	...	140	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	85,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	50	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	45	...	...	907,765	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	153,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	40	...	...	368,845	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	83,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	71,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	165	60	105	135	55	90	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	235	130	105
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,000	32,800	23,200	43,600	44,800	42,800	36,800	39,200	34,800	30,600	30,600	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	24,000	30,200	23,200	38,400	38,400	38,800	33,200	34,800	31,600	27,400	27,200	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	195	...	...	125	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	40	...	...	992,110	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	30	...	...	909,160	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	160,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	50	...	...	367,155	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	155	50	110	170	70	100	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	250	140	105
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,500	39,000	35,500	38,400	34,000	42,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	32,400	29,200	37,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,500	33,000	32,000	34,000	30,000	36,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	29,000	26,400	32,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	655	290	365	530	240	290	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	530	275	250
0 to 17 years	130	65	65	95	55	45	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	65	40	30
0 to 5 years	35	15	25	20	10	10	515,725	264,785	250,935	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	345	155	185	310	145	170	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	370	195	175
65 years and over	185	70	115	125	45	80	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	90	40	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	40	95	65	30	35	992,235	463,295	528,940	120	60	55
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	15	5	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	50	15	35	30	15	15	515,470	256,435	259,035	75	40	30
65 years and over	70	20	55	20	5	15	317,235	124,865	192,370	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.0	13.0	25.6	12.0	13.0	12.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	22.8	23.0	23.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	8.0	14.0	12.0	12.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	16.0	16.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	x	16.0	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	10.0	18.0	9.5	12.0	8.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	19.5	21.0	18.0
65 years and over (%)	39.0	28.0	46.0	17.0	16.0	18.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	40.0	40.0	44.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	655	290	365	535	240	295	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	525	275	250
0 to 17 years	130	65	65	95	50	40	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	70	35	30
0 to 5 years	35	10	25	20	10	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	340	155	185	310	145	165	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	370	190	180
65 years and over	180	65	115	130	45	85	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	85	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	20	40	30	15	15	439,850	223,055	216,795	100	55	50
0 to 17 years	0	0	5	10	5	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	15	25	20	10	10	313,970	167,015	146,955	80	45	30
65 years and over	20	10	10	5	0	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.6	7.6	11.2	5.6	5.0	6.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	19.2	19.5	19.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	x	12.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	12.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	9.0	14.0	5.0	6.0	5.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	21.0	23.0	19.0
65 years and over (%)	11.0	10.0	12.0	4.0	x	5.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	18.0	16.0	24.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	655	290	365	535	240	295	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	530	275	250
In bottom half of the distribution	430	180	250	300	130	165	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	385	200	185
In bottom decile	115	30	80	55	25	30	851,840	407,705	444,140	140	75	60
In second decile	85	35	45	45	20	30	920,490	434,730	485,760	75	45	35
In third decile	75	35	40	60	25	30	969,255	471,650	497,600	65	35	30
In fourth decile	80	45	40	60	25	35	978,345	482,760	495,590	55	25	30
In fifth decile	75	30	45	80	35	45	947,090	473,285	473,810	45	20	25
In top half of the distribution	225	115	115	235	110	125	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	140	70	70
In sixth decile	50	25	30	45	25	25	899,660	454,970	444,690	35	20	15
In seventh decile	50	25	25	70	35	35	837,225	425,400	411,830	30	15	15
In eighth decile	50	30	25	40	20	20	752,410	383,450	368,955	25	5	15
In ninth decile	45	20	25	50	20	30	634,425	325,700	308,730	30	20	10
In top decile	20	10	10	25	10	15	517,725	267,160	250,565	25	15	10
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	655	...	...	535	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	525	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317	...	...	0.296	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.330	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.504	...	...	0.404	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.504	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...	0.257	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.295	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	665	300	365	530	240	290	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	270	250
English only	0	0	0	10	5	5	445,575	228,840	216,735	35	15	20
French only	395	165	230	200	90	110	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	175	90	80
English and French	265	135	130	310	145	170	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	320	170	145
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	10	0	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	665	300	365	530	240	290	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	270	250
English	25	10	20	45	25	25	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	60	30	30
French	635	295	345	425	190	235	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	425	230	200
English and French	5	0	5	45	25	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	35	15	20
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	10	0	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	665	300	365	530	240	290	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	270	250
Single responses	655	295	355	505	225	280	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	505	260	245
Official languages	575	260	320	345	160	190	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	410	220	190
English	15	5	10	20	15	5	639,365	323,170	316,195	30	15	10
French	560	250	305	325	140	190	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	380	210	175
Non-official languages	75	35	40	160	70	85	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	90	35	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	35	40	160	70	85	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	90	35	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	35	20	15	233,220	122,895	110,320	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	5	5	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	20	15	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	20	15	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	5	0	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	10	5	10	62,640	28,375	34,265	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	10	5	10	46,475	20,690	25,785	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	100	45	55	595,790	290,670	305,115	55	20	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	68,295	30,855	37,435	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0	67,565	30,570	36,995	15	0	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	15	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	90	40	55	346,000	167,870	178,130	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	50	15	30	90,940	44,080	46,865	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10	30	10	15	177,155	86,490	90,660	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	10	5	5
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	5	30	10	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	25	15	10
English and French	5	5	5	5	0	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	20	5	10	94,205	46,880	47,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	665	300	365	530	240	290	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	270	250
English	15	5	10	25	15	10	623,305	313,780	309,520	35	15	20
French	550	245	305	300	125	170	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	365	190	170
Non-official language	10	5	5	50	20	25	366,730	177,410	189,315	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	5	5	50	20	25	343,650	165,830	177,825	20	10	10
English and French	20	15	10	35	20	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	35	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	205,755	102,290	103,470	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	20	75	40	35	375,795	179,585	196,210	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	30	15	20	284,940	141,275	143,665	35	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	665	300	365	530	240	290	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	270	250
Single responses	645	290	350	490	220	270	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	510	265	240
Official languages	620	285	345	405	180	220	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	465	245	220
English	20	10	15	45	20	25	874,185	438,570	435,615	50	25	20
French	600	270	325	360	160	200	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	410	220	195
Non-official languages	25	10	15	85	40	50	662,615	322,860	339,750	50	20	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	15	85	40	50	628,365	305,820	322,555	50	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	5	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	0	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	60	30	35	336,635	164,100	172,535	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	55	25	30	182,585	88,060	94,525	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	20	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	5	10	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	5	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	10	40	20	25	357,245	176,070	181,175	20	5	10
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	30	10	20	116,595	56,445	60,150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	665	300	365	535	240	295	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	525	275	250
None	585	260	325	405	185	225	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	435	220	210
English	25	10	10	25	10	15	353,690	183,470	170,225	25	15	15
French	20	10	10	30	15	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	10	10	5
Non-official language	20	10	10	35	15	20	269,715	129,830	139,890	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	35	15	20	264,405	127,330	137,070	25	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	10	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	750	355	395	480	220	265	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	240
Official languages	750	355	395	470	220	250	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	500	275	225
English	300	175	125	305	150	155	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	325	160	165
French	745	355	390	455	205	250	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	490	270	225
Non-official languages	180	80	100	235	130	105	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	145	70	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	80	100	235	130	105	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	145	70	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	385,210	201,105	184,100	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	363,875	190,005	173,870	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	45	25	25	343,675	179,750	163,930	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	15	15	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	15	25	15	15	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	50	170	80	85	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	105	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	20	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	20	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	15	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	20	10	10
German	10	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	155	75	80	684,830	324,095	360,735	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	90	50	40	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	50	20	30	50	25	25	453,905	210,400	243,505	60	35	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	750	355	400	485	215	270	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	275	235
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	745	350	390	475	215	260	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	500	270	230
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	750	355	400	485	215	270	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	275	235
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	750	355	400	485	215	270	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	510	275	235
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Owner	155	...	...	110	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	35	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	160	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	260	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	25	...	...	515,590	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	305	...	...	250	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	80	...	...	623,295	...	...	150	...	...
2 bedrooms	105	...	...	110	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	65	...	...	75	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	60	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	180	...	...	150	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	185	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	65	...	...	645,635	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	30	...	...	435,225	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	0	...	...	403,225	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	55	...	...	30	...	...	886,180	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1	...	...	4.8	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
One person or fewer per room	340	...	...	275	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	290	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Suitable	315	...	...	265	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	275	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	10	...	...	142,775	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	125	...	...	879,375	...	...	140	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	90	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	30	...	...	509,120	...	...	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	0	...	...	385,315	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	45	...	...	15	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	10	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	345	...	...	250	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	235	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	25	...	...	236,110	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
One-maintainer household	230	...	...	205	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	205	...	...
Two-maintainer household	105	...	...	70	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	60	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	20	...	...	525,540	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	45	...	...	647,165	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	40	...	...	628,630	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	55	...	...	760,395	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...	40	...	...	629,965	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	55	...	...	65	...	...	336,170	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	10	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	345	...	...	280	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	295	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	250	...	...	195	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	90	...	...	80	...	...	595,690	...	...	100	...	...
30% to less than 100%	90	...	...	80	...	...	542,060	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	345	...	...	275	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	115	...	...	901,440	...	...	165	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	90	...	...	80	...	...	537,090	...	...	85	...	...
Not suitable only	30	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	20	...	...	179,840	...	...	45	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	230	...	...	165	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	345	...	...	270	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	290	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	40	...	...	218,275	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	305	...	...	230	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	115	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	35	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.1	...	...	56.5	...	...	62.2	...	...	85.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1	...	...	26.1	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,220	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	1,300	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,600	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	452,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	370,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	520,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	190	...	...	165	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	260	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	42.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.2	...	...	33.3	...	...	25.2	...	...	34.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.1	...	...	24.2	...	...	11.9	...	...	23.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...	755	...	...	810	...	...	775	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	790	...	...	800	...	...	886	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	755	355	395	485	215	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	515	270	240
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	20	10	15	203,425	96,595	106,830	30	15	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	20	10	15	200,985	95,520	105,460	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	20	10	15	177,925	84,210	93,720	30	15	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	745	355	390	465	210	255	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	475	255	220
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	755	360	395	485	220	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	275	240
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	745	355	395	430	190	240	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	440	240	205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	155	80	75	50	25	25	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	60	40	20
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	595	270	320	380	165	210	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	380	200	180
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	0	0	0	55	25	25	518,265	264,490	253,775	75	35	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	755	360	395	485	220	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	275	240
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	585	260	325	320	135	190	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	400	210	190
Immigrants⁸¹	165	95	75	160	80	75	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	75	40	35
Before 1980	20	10	10	85	35	50	187,200	91,895	95,300	0	0	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	15	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	15	0
1991 to 2000	30	10	15	10	0	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	30	20	15	312,210	150,825	161,390	0	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	60	30	25	15	15	0	396,090	192,745	203,340	40	15	25
2011 to 2015	55	30	20	10	0	0	193,345	93,485	99,855	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0	0	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	20	0	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	35	20	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	165	95	75	160	80	75	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	75	35	35
Under 5 years	35	20	15	15	10	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	55	35	20	25	0	20	201,385	101,555	99,835	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	30	10	20	213,035	96,175	116,860	15	0	0
25 to 44 years	70	35	40	70	45	25	594,845	292,975	301,875	35	25	10
45 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	10	89,045	41,505	47,540	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	165	95	75	160	80	75	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	75	35	35
Americas	70	35	35	30	15	15	264,885	121,740	143,145	30	15	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	60	30	30	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	10	10	0
Europe	25	10	15	85	40	40	309,015	154,110	154,910	35	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	10	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	55	25	30	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	75	50	25	40	30	15	302,010	153,655	148,355	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30	15	15	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	20	10	10
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	15	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	750	355	395	485	220	270	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	235
First generation¹⁰⁰	170	100	75	160	85	80	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	120	65	55
Second generation¹⁰¹	105	40	65	100	50	50	883,485	446,000	437,490	60	25	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	480	220	260	215	85	135	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	330	180	150
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	145	80	65	75	45	30	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	65	35	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	55	30	25	55	35	20	559,935	290,040	269,895	50	15	25
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	10	0	0	30	30	0	267,870	161,125	106,740	30	15	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	25	20	20	0	15	292,070	128,915	163,155	15	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	10	10	20	15	0	272,255	109,735	162,515	15	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	40	25	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	10	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	145	80	65	75	45	30	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	65	35	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	20	0	10	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	10	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	25	15	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	125	65	65	55	35	20	756,120	358,700	397,420	35	20	25
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	750	355	400	485	220	270	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	510	275	235
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	230	120	110	70	50	20	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	55	35	20
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	200	100	100	30	30	0	422,405	206,335	216,070	35	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	10	10	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	0	0	0
Latin American	25	15	10	20	10	10	172,925	85,035	87,880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	525	235	285	415	170	245	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	455	240	215
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	750	360	395	480	220	265	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	510	275	240
Canadian	175	80	95	60	20	40	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	155	90	65
English	20	10	10	10	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	25	15	15
Irish	15	0	15	20	0	15	404,190	193,440	210,745	20	20	0
Scottish	0	0	0	15	0	10	192,685	93,120	99,565	20	15	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	135	60	75	125	45	75	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	165	85	80
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	15	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10	100	50	50	316,315	157,600	158,720	15	10	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	120	60	60	30	10	25	931,940	465,630	466,305	30	10	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	40	20	25	15	0	10	588,805	290,630	298,180	15	0	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	20	10	10	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	15	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	15	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	15	64,385	32,135	32,255	10	10	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	10	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10	77,735	37,960	39,775	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	10	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	95	45	55	10	10	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	30	15	15
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	20	10	10	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	15	10	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	750	355	400	485	215	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	510	270	235
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	610	285	325	320	130	190	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	235	110	125
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	210	110	100	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	40	20	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	385	170	215	290	110	175	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	175	85	90
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	20	15	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	15	0	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	50	30	15	421,710	218,255	203,455	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	140	70	70	110	55	60	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	270	160	110
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	755	360	395	485	220	265	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	505	275	230
Non-movers	695	320	370	425	185	245	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	370	205	160
Movers	60	35	25	60	30	25	945,290	466,750	478,540	135	65	75
Non-migrants	60	35	20	45	30	25	543,670	268,740	274,925	125	55	65
Migrants	0	0	0	10	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	15	10	10
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	10	10	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	735	355	380	480	215	260	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	490	260	225
Non-movers	480	230	255	320	145	180	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	175	110	70
Movers	255	130	125	150	70	80	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	310	150	160
Non-migrants	225	120	105	130	55	75	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	195	105	90
Migrants	30	10	25	25	15	0	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	115	45	70
Internal migrants	30	10	25	15	10	0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	75	30	45
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	25	10	0	0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	70	20	45
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	40	15	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	615	285	330	440	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	460	245	215
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	155	65	90	90	40	45	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	95	55	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	460	220	240	350	150	195	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	365	190	175
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	340	170	170	235	120	115	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	285	145	140
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	25	25	10	10	0	642,800	382,415	260,380	35	20	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	295	145	150	220	110	110	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	250	125	125
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	615	280	330	435	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	455	245	215
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	55	90	85	40	45	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	80	45	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	185	95	90	90	40	50	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	95	40	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	135	150	260	115	145	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	280	160	120
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	110	105	160	60	100	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	115	65	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	55	50	30	20	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	40	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	80	45	35	30	20	15	793,030	427,220	365,815	40	30	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	15	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	55	40	90	25	60	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	55	35	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	15	30	10	25	252,815	102,150	150,665	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	65	20	40	100	55	45	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	165	95	75
Bachelor's degree	40	10	30	65	35	30	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	110	60	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	15	15	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	10	0	25	0	15	360,795	174,150	186,645	40	20	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	10	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	340	165	170	235	120	110	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	290	145	140
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	20	20	15	10	0	525,155	303,815	221,345	20	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	55	55	30	20	10	752,855	388,160	364,700	40	15	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200	100	100	190	95	95	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	225	120	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	75	75	110	50	60	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	95	55	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	30	35	20	15	10	836,455	498,385	338,075	35	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	25	30	20	15	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	30	20	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	70	40	30	75	30	45	838,140	372,455	465,685	45	25	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	15	10	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	45	20	30	85	45	40	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	130	60	70
Bachelor's degree	30	0	20	50	30	20	802,755	343,100	459,650	90	45	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	10	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	10	0	25	10	15	302,065	140,530	161,530	35	10	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	615	280	330	435	195	240	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	460	245	215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	330	150	180	175	75	95	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	175	85	90
Education	20	0	20	10	0	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	10
13. Education	20	0	20	10	0	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	10	0	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	50	20	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	10	0	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	40	10	25
Humanities	10	0	0	25	10	15	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	15	30	10	20	430,845	142,280	288,570	65	40	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	15	0	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	30	25	0
Business, management and public administration	65	25	40	80	45	40	950,820	357,290	593,535	40	15	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	25	40	80	45	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	30	15	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	20	10	10	158,655	83,605	75,050	20	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	35	0	30	30	0	866,885	778,835	88,060	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	15	10	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	10	10	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	70	30	50	40	0	40	515,215	101,455	413,760	25	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	70	30	50	35	0	35	470,150	78,875	391,275	25	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	15	10	10	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	15	15	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	335	170	170	230	120	115	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	285	145	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	140	70	70	45	30	15	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	65	30	35
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	15	0	10	129,065	58,170	70,895	45	15	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	10	0	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	40	15	25
Humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	30	10	20	334,475	103,635	230,840	55	25	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	15	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	45	25	20	70	40	30	741,390	268,705	472,685	35	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	20	70	40	30	697,775	259,725	438,045	25	15	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	20	0	20	20	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	0	0	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	65	30	40	35	0	35	387,725	74,730	312,995	20	0	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	65	30	40	30	0	30	352,905	58,735	294,170	20	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	10	10	10	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	335	170	170	230	120	115	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	285	145	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	70	70	45	30	15	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	65	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	200	95	100	190	95	100	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	225	115	105
Location of study inside Canada	180	80	100	160	75	90	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	190	105	85
Same as province or territory of residence	180	80	100	155	65	90	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	190	105	80
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	15	15	0	30	20	10	414,490	209,160	205,330	35	10	25
Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	35	10	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	20	10	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	20	10	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	615	280	330	435	195	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	455	245	215
In the labour force	310	175	140	215	110	105	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	275	155	120
Employed	285	145	135	205	105	95	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	250	130	115
Unemployed	25	25	0	15	0	0	335,015	176,245	158,775	25	25	0
Not in the labour force	300	110	190	225	85	140	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	180	90	90
Participation rate	50.4	62.5	42.4	49.4	56.4	42.9	64.1	67.4	60.9	60.4	63.3	55.8
Employment rate	46.3	51.8	40.9	47.1	53.8	38.8	59.3	62.3	56.3	54.9	53.1	53.5
Unemployment rate	8.1	14.3	0.0	7.0	0.0	0.0	7.6	7.7	7.4	9.1	16.1	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	615	280	330	435	195	240	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	455	245	210
Did not work¹⁸⁶	300	110	190	225	85	145	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	160	90	75
Worked	315	175	140	210	115	100	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	295	155	145
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	170	100	75	110	55	55	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	95	40	60
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	145	80	70	100	55	45	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	195	115	85
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	39.6	41.2	39.2	39.2	38.8	41.3	41.7	40.8	34.8	31.8	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	315	175	140	210	110	100	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	155	125
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	300	160	135	210	110	100	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	270	150	125
Employee	270	140	130	190	95	95	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	230	120	110
Permanent position	220	115	100	175	90	80	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	170	80	90
Temporary position	55	30	25	15	10	15	623,510	296,655	326,850	55	35	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	0	0	0	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	25	25	15	10	10	405,605	202,450	203,155	45	30	20
Self-employed¹⁹²	25	20	10	15	15	0	530,720	324,555	206,165	45	30	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	315	175	140	210	110	100	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	155	125
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	300	160	135	210	110	100	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	270	150	125
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	20	25	50	25	20	778,905	256,150	522,760	45	25	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	20	0	20	15	0	360,495	272,510	87,985	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	60	25	35	25	0	25	359,665	70,075	289,590	30	15	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	10	35	25	10	15	558,725	166,020	392,700	40	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	15	0	15	146,560	72,400	74,165	55	35	25
6 Sales and service occupations	75	45	30	55	40	15	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	50	35	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	40	0	20	20	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	15	10	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	10	10	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	0	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	315	175	140	210	110	100	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	275	155	125
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	300	160	135	210	110	100	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	270	150	125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	25	20	0	10	10	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	15	15	0	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	25	20	20	0	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	15	15	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	15	0	15	94,130	57,495	36,630	40	15	25
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	15	10	10	169,985	74,020	95,960	20	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	20	20	30	20	10	345,345	193,365	151,985	20	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	25	0	15	15	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	30	0	30	10	0	10	340,885	104,300	236,590	25	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	70	20	50	40	0	35	617,200	122,675	494,525	40	10	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	15	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	15	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	10	0	10	190,470	89,730	100,735	15	15	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	10	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	25	15	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	330	185	140	220	115	105	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	310	165	145
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	20	10	10
French	260	135	125	105	45	60	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	185	105	80
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	65	50	15	95	60	35	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	105	55	50
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	330	185	140	220	115	105	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	310	165	145
Single responses	320	175	135	200	100	100	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	305	165	140
Official languages	320	175	135	190	100	100	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	305	165	140
English	10	10	0	30	15	10	668,485	365,785	302,695	35	20	15
French	305	175	135	160	80	80	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	270	145	120
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	25	15	10	269,365	142,370	126,995	0	0	0
English and French	15	10	0	25	15	10	249,945	132,640	117,300	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	330	185	140	220	115	105	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	310	165	145
None	270	140	130	135	65	75	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	205	115	95
English	50	40	10	50	30	25	720,960	391,075	329,885	85	40	45
French	0	0	0	25	15	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	15	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	285	150	135	200	110	100	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	250	130	120
Worked at home	45	25	20	60	35	25	897,770	435,285	462,480	100	50	50
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	45	35	15	10	10	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	15	0	10
Usual place of work	190	90	105	130	65	70	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	135	70	60
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	190	90	100	130	65	70	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	135	70	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	145	70	80	95	35	55	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	105	55	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	0	0	10	10	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	15	20	25	15	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	20	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	235	120	120	140	70	70	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	145	80	70
Car, truck or van	170	105	75	75	40	35	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	40	15	30
Car, truck or van - as a driver	170	100	70	75	40	35	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	30	10	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	60	15	40	45	25	15	287,345	120,460	166,885	55	35	15
Walked	0	0	0	10	0	10	178,645	78,570	100,075	50	25	20
Bicycle	0	0	0	10	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	10	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	235	120	120	140	70	70	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	145	80	70
Less than 15 minutes	60	30	30	30	15	15	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	20	15	10
15 to 29 minutes	55	30	25	55	25	30	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	50	20	30
30 to 44 minutes	70	35	30	40	25	15	635,870	363,430	272,445	65	40	30
45 to 59 minutes	25	15	15	15	0	10	235,140	133,720	101,425	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	30	10	20	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	235	120	120	140	70	70	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	145	80	70
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	15	15	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	20	15	15	0	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	80	40	40	60	30	30	935,640	441,465	494,170	25	10	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	10	20	30	10	25	626,895	259,220	367,675	50	30	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	0	10	10	0	330,930	142,495	188,435	25	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	55	30	25	10	0	10	489,685	284,160	205,530	35	25	10
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	130	65	65	100	55	45	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	70	40	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10	15	5	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	10	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	60	55	85	45	40	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	60	30	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	60	45	80	45	35	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	40	25	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	15	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	5	5	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	10	5	5	175,305	90,000	85,305	5	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	55	40	70	40	30	992,895	508,315	484,580	40	25	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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