Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662899More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663181More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662525More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	524	...	...	435	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	583	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	160	...	...	153	...	...	976,966	...	...	276	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	158	...	...	151	...	...	910,359	...	...	256	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,187.9	...	...	2,955.2	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	6,123.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.24	...	...	0.15	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	525	275	250	435	220	215	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	580	300	280
0 to 14 years	105	65	40	75	40	35	309,765	158,545	151,225	120	70	50
0 to 4 years	25	10	10	15	10	5	99,195	50,760	48,435	30	15	10
5 to 9 years	45	30	10	30	10	10	106,985	54,660	52,320	35	25	10
10 to 14 years	35	15	15	35	20	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	55	25	30
15 to 64 years	355	180	175	290	145	145	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	365	185	180
15 to 19 years	35	20	15	30	20	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	35	15	25
20 to 24 years	40	20	20	25	15	10	140,025	70,895	69,125	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	40	25	15	25	10	10	165,525	83,630	81,895	30	15	15
30 to 34 years	25	5	15	20	15	5	157,725	78,995	78,730	25	15	10
35 to 39 years	30	15	15	20	5	10	149,265	74,115	75,155	30	10	20
40 to 44 years	30	15	15	30	15	15	142,365	70,920	71,445	50	25	25
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	35	15	20	125,505	62,690	62,815	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	40	20	20	35	15	25	121,710	61,735	59,975	45	25	20
55 to 59 years	50	25	25	40	25	20	125,465	63,810	61,655	45	35	15
60 to 64 years	40	20	20	30	10	20	118,065	57,920	60,140	30	20	15
65 years and over	70	30	35	70	40	35	351,325	151,210	200,120	100	50	50
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	30	10	20	99,325	46,730	52,595	30	20	15
70 to 74 years	20	10	5	25	15	10	86,030	39,185	46,845	20	15	10
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	15	10	5	63,215	27,320	35,895	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	5	5	0	46,875	18,960	27,915	5	0	5
85 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.0	23.6	16.0	17.2	18.2	16.3	15.5	16.1	14.8	20.7	23.3	17.9
15 to 64 years	67.6	65.5	70.0	66.7	65.9	67.4	67.0	68.5	65.6	62.9	61.7	64.3
65 years and over	13.3	10.9	14.0	16.1	18.2	16.3	17.5	15.4	19.6	17.2	16.7	17.9
85 years and over	1.0	0.0	0.0	1.1	0.0	2.3	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.6	1.7	3.6
Average age of the population	38.7	37.2	40.4	41.0	40.0	42.0	41.0	39.8	42.1	41.0	41.0	41.0
Median age of the population	38.4	36.8	41.2	43.2	40.8	46.0	39.6	38.4	40.4	42.8	44.0	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	160	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	255	...	...
Single-detached house	95	...	...	150	...	...	100,615	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	0	...	...	110,440	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...	479,885	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	160	...	...	150	...	...	910,355	...	...	255	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	15	...	...	367,400	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	60	...	...	271,730	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	118,205	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	40	...	...	98,205	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	54,820	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	570	295	275
Average household size	3.3	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	420	215	210	360	180	175	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	465	235	225
Married or living common-law	225	110	115	240	120	120	822,440	414,330	408,115	230	120	115
Married	170	85	85	210	105	105	577,060	289,455	287,600	150	80	75
Living common-law	50	25	25	35	15	15	245,385	124,870	120,510	80	45	40
Living common law - Never married	35	15	20	25	15	10	207,040	104,785	102,250	60	30	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	15	10	5	5	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	15	15	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	195	100	95	115	60	55	872,060	410,935	461,125	230	120	115
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	80	65	90	55	30	627,845	333,150	294,700	170	90	80
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	0	10	0	0	0	34,795	14,820	19,975	5	0	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	15	20	15	5	15	126,605	46,380	80,225	45	20	30
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	5	10	0	10	82,815	16,590	66,225	15	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	135	...	...	495,445	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	70	...	...	251,075	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	107,265	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	35	...	...	93,300	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.1	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	135	...	...	495,445	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	120	...	...	395,645	...	...	110	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	105	...	...	273,070	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	55	...	...	162,745	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	50	...	...	110,325	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	15	...	...	122,570	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	44,875	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	10	...	...	77,700	...	...	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	15	...	...	99,805	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	15	...	...	80,530	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	570	295	280
Total - Persons in census families	455	235	225	405	205	195	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	440	225	220
Married spouses or common-law partners	215	110	110	235	120	120	791,280	398,495	392,785	225	115	110
Parents in one-parent families	30	5	25	20	0	15	99,805	19,275	80,525	35	5	25
Children⁶	210	120	90	150	85	60	541,905	284,935	256,965	190	105	85
In a two-parent family	155	85	75	120	65	55	392,250	205,155	187,095	135	70	65
In a one-parent family	50	35	15	25	20	10	149,655	79,785	69,865	50	30	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70	40	30	35	15	20	526,370	262,915	263,450	130	70	60
Living alone	25	20	10	10	5	5	367,395	175,660	191,740	105	50	55
Living with other relatives⁷	40	20	15	5	0	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	10	5	0
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	0	10	5	5	109,690	65,235	44,455	15	15	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	155	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	255	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	105	...	...	120	...	...	455,970	...	...	140	...	...
Couple-family households	90	...	...	110	...	...	370,250	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	55	...	...	194,165	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	50	...	...	176,085	...	...	50	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	15	...	...	85,720	...	...	25	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	10	...	...	13,270	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	5	...	...	55,210	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	25	...	...	15	...	...	367,395	...	...	105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	420	210	210	355	180	180	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	455	230	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	405	200	205	340	175	170	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	435	220	215
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	33,200	36,800	42,000	46,400	38,800	37,600	39,600	36,000	46,800	44,400	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	405	200	205	340	175	170	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	435	220	215
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	30,800	32,800	37,200	40,400	35,200	34,000	35,200	32,800	40,800	38,400	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	175	175	310	155	150	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	405	205	200
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400	28,600	27,000	33,600	41,200	31,400	31,000	35,200	27,000	36,800	40,000	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	155	160	250	130	120	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	335	170	165
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	32,000	29,800	40,800	45,600	38,400	32,800	36,000	29,600	35,600	39,200	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	165	185	265	120	140	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	345	170	175
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,300	12,100	11,700	12,400	11,000	10,800	9,600	12,000	9,400	9,100	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	25	30	25	15	15	171,705	84,570	87,145	30	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,120	4,000	4,520	6,000	x	x	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,760	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	155	85	70	105	60	50	529,640	276,110	253,530	115	65	50
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,200	10,000	8,000	8,200	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	450	220	230	400	205	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	475	225	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	225	395	200	190	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	450	220	230
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	45,200	40,400	51,200	59,200	42,800	53,250	60,050	46,760	77,600	89,000	66,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	225	395	200	190	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	450	220	230
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,400	35,200	42,600	48,000	37,200	42,520	46,280	38,960	58,000	64,000	52,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365	175	190	340	175	165	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	405	190	210
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,800	42,400	33,600	48,400	58,400	37,600	48,960	57,350	40,640	76,800	94,000	60,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	330	155	175	285	150	135	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	335	155	175
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	42,000	35,600	51,200	60,000	42,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	74,000	98,000	53,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	385	170	215	310	145	165	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	325	145	175
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,440	10,600	12,100	11,700	10,200	12,900	12,040	10,900	13,040	11,840	12,200	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40	20	20	40	25	20	171,360	84,435	86,925	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	5,200	4,500	9,200	3,800	16,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	...	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	75	80	140	80	60	528,305	276,300	252,005	85	40	45
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	9,200	7,800	7,800	8,000	7,400	9,110	9,140	9,070	7,000	6,800	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	445	220	230	405	205	195	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	225	245
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	90	85	150	75	70	514,340	278,505	235,830	180	100	80
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	58,800	46,000	62,800	75,000	57,200	60,000	63,600	56,000	77,500	78,000	77,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,400	54,000	54,000	69,000	76,000	62,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	111,000	126,000	92,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	25	70	100	55	45	504,455	247,565	256,895	125	45	75
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,800	x	9,500	13,200	22,400	9,800	16,400	17,400	15,500	20,400	26,400	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	38,000	18,500	36,000	48,000	22,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	35,000	54,000	24,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	80.0	71.0	82.0	88.0	75.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	89.0	92.0	86.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.0	72.0	68.0	72.0	74.0	70.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	71.0	76.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.0	19.6	28.4	17.6	12.4	25.2	18.9	14.4	24.4	10.9	8.8	13.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.9	0.7	4.0	1.4	1.1	1.7	x	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.1	8.0	8.4	6.0	5.8	6.2	6.4	5.9	7.0	2.2	1.8	2.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.0	7.2	6.8	5.4	5.6	5.2	5.7	5.4	6.0	1.7	1.4	2.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	420	215	210	360	180	175	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	455	230	225
Without total income	15	5	10	15	10	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	20	5	10
With total income	405	205	200	340	170	170	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	435	220	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	25	10	25	10	15	138,250	65,670	72,580	45	15	30
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	40	40	20	20	200,450	93,060	107,390	40	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	80	45	35	60	30	30	286,825	131,235	155,595	45	35	15
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	30	35	15	25	215,455	102,705	112,755	45	30	15
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	30	30	10	15	181,505	86,460	95,040	50	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	35	15	20	138,185	64,805	73,380	40	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	25	15	15	100,060	48,510	51,550	35	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	15	10	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	20	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	10	20	15	10	58,400	30,060	28,335	20	5	15
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	5	15	10	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	35	20	15	149,555	92,680	56,875	70	45	25
$100,000 to $149,999	15	10	0	25	10	15	90,980	53,275	37,705	35	20	10
$150,000 and over	10	0	0	10	10	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	35	20	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	420	215	210	360	180	175	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	455	230	225
Without after-tax income	15	5	10	15	10	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	20	5	10
With after-tax income	405	205	200	340	170	170	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	435	220	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	25	15	30	10	15	144,275	67,955	76,320	45	15	30
$10,000 to $19,999	65	25	40	45	25	20	210,975	98,495	112,480	35	20	15
$20,000 to $29,999	85	50	30	65	35	35	334,395	155,845	178,545	60	40	15
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	40	40	15	25	257,145	124,835	132,315	65	40	30
$40,000 to $49,999	55	20	35	55	25	30	204,980	97,805	107,175	55	25	35
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	20	35	15	20	139,760	67,315	72,450	45	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	25	5	15	30	15	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	40	15	25
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	10	5	5	61,765	31,815	29,945	20	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	10	15	5	5	38,975	21,640	17,335	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	10	5	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	10	0	0	15	10	5	73,695	48,025	25,665	45	20	20
$100,000 to $124,999	10	0	0	10	5	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	5	5	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	35	20	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	420	215	210	360	180	175	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	455	230	225
Without employment income	115	60	50	105	55	55	495,060	212,405	282,660	115	55	65
With employment income	310	150	155	250	130	125	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	335	175	160
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	25	15	10	167,560	82,405	85,155	50	30	20
$5,000 to $9,999	35	15	15	25	15	10	111,575	52,975	58,595	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	30	10	15	151,350	72,815	78,530	30	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	30	15	10	116,030	56,295	59,730	35	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	20	20	5	10	108,120	55,225	52,890	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	25	25	5	15	104,250	51,950	52,300	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	30	10	15	20	10	10	84,485	42,940	41,540	20	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	15	15	5	15	10	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	20	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	10	10	0	52,585	28,500	24,080	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	20	15	10	46,000	24,150	21,850	20	0	15
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	30	20	10	115,575	74,545	41,030	55	35	20
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	20	5	10	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	15	5
$125,000 and over	10	0	0	15	10	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	35	20	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	420	210	210	355	180	180	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	455	230	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	190	195	325	165	165	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	425	215	205
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	32,000	32,000	42,400	49,200	35,600	34,000	36,400	31,800	45,200	41,600	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	190	195	325	165	165	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	425	215	205
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	28,800	29,800	36,800	40,400	32,000	31,000	32,800	29,400	40,000	38,400	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	175	175	300	155	145	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	390	195	195
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	32,400	28,200	40,800	46,400	33,600	32,000	36,000	28,200	40,400	40,400	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	310	155	160	255	130	125	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	325	160	160
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	37,200	28,800	42,000	46,400	38,400	33,600	36,800	30,400	38,800	41,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	140	165	250	115	135	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	315	155	165
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,320	7,600	5,840	4,960	6,500	4,440	2,760	7,300	7,000	4,400	7,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	20	20	30	15	15	114,940	56,080	58,855	30	15	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440	x	x	4,080	x	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	3,560	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	450	220	230	400	205	190	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	475	225	245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	195	220	360	185	175	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	430	215	215
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,000	36,000	53,400	64,500	42,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	74,800	79,000	71,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	195	220	360	185	175	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	430	215	215
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,400	31,200	43,600	50,400	36,800	39,800	43,800	35,920	55,400	56,800	54,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	170	190	325	170	155	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	390	190	200
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,400	43,600	31,800	51,800	64,000	38,500	49,080	57,750	40,560	74,400	81,000	67,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	150	170	275	140	135	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	305	140	165
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	45,000	33,600	54,800	67,000	42,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	68,000	82,000	56,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	325	150	180	270	125	145	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	310	135	170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,640	7,000	10,000	9,000	7,200	10,600	8,250	6,740	9,510	10,800	10,400	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	30	0	45	20	25	114,595	55,675	58,915	35	15	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,200	...	7,200	3,800	10,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	10,000	4,500	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	445	220	230	405	205	195	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	225	245
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	90	80	150	75	70	507,645	274,575	233,070	180	100	80
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	51,200	44,400	58,400	73,000	40,000	54,400	58,400	50,400	68,500	61,600	69,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,800	54,000	51,000	64,000	74,000	54,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	90,000	96,000	84,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	100	25	70	75	35	40	462,020	227,495	234,530	95	30	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,100	x	11,800	30,000	x	22,000	21,800	23,200	20,400	24,200	11,200	24,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	40,000	21,000	62,000	95,000	34,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	35,000	56,000	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	88.0	77.0	87.0	92.0	80.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	90.0	92.0	88.0
Employment income (%)	76.5	80.0	73.0	78.0	80.0	76.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	64.0	68.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)	17.2	12.4	22.8	12.6	7.6	20.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	10.2	8.4	12.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	2.0	x	1.6	0.7	3.2	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.2	0.4	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	160	...	...	150	...	...	910,355	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	25	...	...	15	...	...	367,395	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	x	...	...	38,000	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	x	...	...	34,000	...	...	38,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	135	...	...	135	...	...	542,960	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	92,700	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	74,100	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	0	...	...	367,255	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	...	...	...	49,760	...	...	47,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	x	...	...	40,640	...	...	41,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	140	...	...	543,100	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	192,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	142,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	160	...	...	155	...	...	910,355	...	...	255	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,665	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25,730	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	57,720	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,160	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	40,595	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	41,545	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	42,630	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	75,485	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	67,695	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	60,495	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	54,055	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	80	...	...	270,265	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	85,635	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	56,205	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	62,095	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	10	...	...	66,335	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	160	...	...	155	...	...	910,355	...	...	255	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,965	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	27,485	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	63,030	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	49,660	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	48,815	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	51,055	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	50,890	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	47,120	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	85,490	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	75,625	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	65,530	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	54,850	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	65	...	...	197,490	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	78,870	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	45,905	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	40	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	135	...	...	501,830	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.8	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	50	...	...	179,195	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	98,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	82,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	60	...	...	208,260	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	145,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.6	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	15	...	...	95,875	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	x	...	...	65,500	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	x	...	...	59,600	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	30	20	10	25	15	10	477,085	240,895	236,195	120	65	55
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	42,800	x	32,800	x	x	34,400	34,800	34,000	42,000	35,200	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	42,000	x	31,000	x	x	31,200	31,200	31,200	35,600	32,000	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	135	...	...	140	...	...	501,905	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	138,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	40	...	...	179,455	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	190,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	85	...	...	208,375	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	160,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	134,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	165,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	0	...	...	95,455	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	...	...	...	78,200	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	x	...	...	67,100	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	30	15	0	15	15	0	476,520	240,280	236,245	130	75	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	60,000	x	50,000	50,000	...	45,520	46,520	44,560	42,000	33,000	56,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	45,000	x	45,000	45,000	...	37,600	37,920	37,280	37,500	31,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	575	295	275
0 to 17 years	125	75	45	95	55	45	365,020	186,710	178,315	145	75	65
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	20	10	10	120,615	61,615	58,995	35	20	10
18 to 64 years	330	165	170	270	135	135	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	335	175	165
65 years and over	70	30	35	70	40	35	317,425	140,270	177,155	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	40	20	20	25	15	10	321,885	154,370	167,510	45	20	20
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	5	5	0	54,265	27,870	26,395	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	25	15	10	15	5	10	197,020	99,310	97,710	25	10	15
65 years and over	15	10	10	5	0	0	70,600	27,185	43,415	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	8.5	8.0	5.2	5.0	4.5	16.4	16.0	16.9	7.6	6.8	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	5.0	x	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	7.0	6.0	4.5	5.0	4.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	7.6	7.0	9.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	20.0	25.0	8.0	x	x	22.2	19.4	24.5	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	570	295	280
0 to 17 years	120	75	45	95	50	45	365,025	186,705	178,315	145	80	70
0 to 5 years	40	25	10	25	15	10	120,610	61,615	58,995	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	335	170	170	265	130	135	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	335	170	160
65 years and over	65	35	35	75	35	35	317,425	140,265	177,155	95	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	15	10	15	10	5	213,720	108,905	104,815	25	15	15
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15	10	5	10	10	0	153,385	81,765	71,620	20	10	10
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	5.0	4.5	3.2	4.0	x	10.9	11.3	10.6	4.8	4.5	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.0	5.0	3.6	6.0	x	12.0	12.8	11.2	5.0	5.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	5.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	575	295	275
In bottom half of the distribution	280	145	130	180	90	90	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	290	155	140
In bottom decile	35	20	15	25	10	10	298,540	147,890	150,655	45	20	20
In second decile	30	15	15	30	15	15	244,435	115,985	128,450	55	30	25
In third decile	50	20	25	40	15	25	240,895	116,550	124,345	50	30	25
In fourth decile	75	40	35	25	20	10	218,125	105,885	112,240	90	50	35
In fifth decile	90	55	40	60	30	30	194,765	95,185	99,580	55	25	35
In top half of the distribution	250	130	120	255	135	125	762,590	384,140	378,450	280	145	140
In sixth decile	70	35	30	45	25	20	172,200	85,100	87,095	50	25	25
In seventh decile	60	30	35	75	35	35	156,540	78,290	78,250	60	30	30
In eighth decile	65	35	35	75	40	35	144,120	72,600	71,525	55	30	25
In ninth decile	30	20	10	50	25	20	134,265	68,285	65,980	30	15	15
In top decile	20	10	10	20	10	10	155,465	79,870	75,595	85	45	40
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	525	...	...	435	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	570	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.237	...	...	0.235	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.364	...	...	0.344	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.588	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.209	...	...	0.205	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.400	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	585	305	280
English only	10	5	5	75	40	35	262,290	133,690	128,600	10	10	5
French only	255	130	130	40	20	20	486,845	221,005	265,840	210	110	100
English and French	250	140	110	315	160	150	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	355	185	175
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	5	0	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	5	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	585	305	280
English	60	35	30	225	120	100	605,220	303,380	301,835	35	20	20
French	415	215	200	135	70	70	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	515	270	250
English and French	40	25	15	75	30	40	173,785	88,480	85,300	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	5	0	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	5	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	585	305	280
Single responses	500	265	235	400	205	200	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	545	285	265
Official languages	320	175	150	200	105	95	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	420	215	210
English	35	20	15	115	60	55	322,315	162,085	160,230	20	10	15
French	290	150	135	90	40	45	870,975	428,435	442,540	405	205	200
Non-official languages	180	90	90	200	95	100	643,275	311,525	331,750	120	65	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	90	90	200	95	100	642,820	311,370	331,445	120	65	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	40	25	20	129,195	68,395	60,805	60	25	30
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	5	5	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	40	25	20	112,200	59,320	52,880	50	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	40	25	20	107,605	56,960	50,645	50	25	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	5	5	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	65	35	35	0	0	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	45	20	25	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	20	10	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	13,620	7,090	6,525	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	45	40	110	55	55	329,415	158,980	170,435	40	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	37,235	16,405	20,835	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	36,800	16,245	20,555	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	68,600	36,145	32,455	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	15	5	5	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	50	25	30	183,755	87,295	96,460	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10	20	10	10	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	10	5	5	15,020	7,070	7,945	5	5	0
Spanish	55	20	30	15	10	10	85,395	41,150	44,250	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	35	15	15	143,450	71,980	71,470	35	25	15
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	10	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	5	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	585	305	280
English	50	25	25	130	70	60	340,470	170,050	170,425	15	10	5
French	230	120	105	75	40	40	779,125	383,000	396,125	395	200	195
Non-official language	40	20	20	55	25	30	204,395	96,705	107,690	25	15	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	55	25	30	204,315	96,670	107,645	25	15	5
English and French	10	10	5	35	15	15	173,135	89,205	83,935	40	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	45	30	15	135,390	66,995	68,400	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	15	10	10	180,900	85,935	94,965	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	70	30	35	154,470	76,450	78,020	30	20	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	585	305	280
Single responses	455	240	220	370	190	180	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	555	290	265
Official languages	375	195	180	270	140	125	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	500	250	250
English	60	35	30	170	90	80	479,850	239,270	240,580	30	10	15
French	315	165	150	100	55	50	956,130	471,155	484,975	470	240	230
Non-official languages	85	45	40	100	45	55	370,290	177,955	192,335	50	30	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	45	40	100	45	55	370,125	177,895	192,235	50	30	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	66,095	34,080	32,015	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	58,585	30,100	28,490	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	15	56,520	29,075	27,445	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	5	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	15	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	5	5	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	15	45	20	30	188,550	90,370	98,185	15	15	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	0	5	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	5	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	5	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	10	0	5	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	15	20	10	10	95,835	44,515	51,315	10	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	10	5	5	5	54,335	26,035	28,300	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	35	30	65	35	35	173,745	85,640	88,110	30	20	15
English and French	5	5	5	5	5	5	53,305	27,065	26,240	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	25	15	10	39,365	19,140	20,225	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	10	5	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	20	10	10	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	525	275	250	435	220	215	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	580	305	280
None	375	200	180	310	160	150	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	450	235	220
English	10	10	5	30	10	15	131,630	67,290	64,340	30	15	15
French	35	20	15	25	15	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	25	10	15
Non-official language	70	35	40	20	15	5	144,335	69,210	75,130	55	25	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	40	20	15	5	144,155	69,135	75,015	55	25	25
English and French	10	5	5	15	10	10	34,410	17,320	17,090	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	5	5	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	25	5	15	33,620	16,170	17,450	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	530	265	265	495	260	240	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	590	310	285
Official languages	530	265	265	480	260	225	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	585	305	285
English	310	160	150	445	245	200	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	385	195	190
French	500	255	255	395	205	190	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	560	295	270
Non-official languages	325	155	170	325	150	175	971,455	471,755	499,700	220	125	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	155	170	325	150	175	970,710	471,495	499,220	220	125	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	217,295	113,605	103,690	65	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	10	10	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	10	10	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	205,120	107,210	97,905	50	20	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	85	40	45	188,115	98,545	89,565	50	20	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	160	80	80	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	35	25	10
Haitian Creole	160	80	80	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	25	20	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	40	35	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	18,785	9,760	9,020	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	55	20	35	14,560	7,265	7,300	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	75	85	160	80	80	514,485	250,190	264,295	100	60	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30	91,140	48,390	42,750	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	25	15	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	25	10	15	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	75	85	85	40	50	324,695	154,360	170,340	80	50	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	95	45	50	20	10	15	107,285	51,300	55,985	35	25	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	15	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0
Spanish	80	40	40	35	20	15	193,835	91,345	102,490	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	10	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	530	265	270	495	260	235	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	595	305	280
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	15	10	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	15	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	530	260	270	495	260	235	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	580	300	285
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	530	265	270	495	260	235	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	595	305	280
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	530	265	270	495	260	235	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	590	300	280
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Owner	130	...	...	150	...	...	360,125	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	30	...	...	0	...	...	550,240	...	...	160	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	0	...	...	192,985	...	...	30	...	...
Not condominium	155	...	...	150	...	...	717,375	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	0	...	...	267,715	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	303,875	...	...	55	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	85	...	...	220,945	...	...	60	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	65	...	...	70	...	...	98,090	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	501,570	...	...	100	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	15	...	...	166,230	...	...	55	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	25	...	...	78,495	...	...	20	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	40	...	...	58,850	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	65	...	...	105,210	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.5	...	...	4.7	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One person or fewer per room	155	...	...	150	...	...	881,730	...	...	245	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Suitable	140	...	...	150	...	...	834,885	...	...	235	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	0	...	...	75,475	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	0	...	...	325,005	...	...	180	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	25	...	...	282,605	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	115	...	...	101,185	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	25	...	...	0	...	...	63,765	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	145	...	...	140	...	...	833,540	...	...	225	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	15	...	...	76,815	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
One-maintainer household	65	...	...	45	...	...	543,605	...	...	165	...	...
Two-maintainer household	80	...	...	90	...	...	333,140	...	...	90	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	15	...	...	33,620	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	165	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	162,375	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	35	...	...	171,535	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	30	...	...	155,520	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	45	...	...	156,865	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	20	...	...	122,825	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	70,345	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	160	...	...	150	...	...	902,485	...	...	250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	135	...	...	686,075	...	...	205	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	15	...	...	216,410	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	15	...	...	189,795	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	160	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	20	...	...	330,635	...	...	80	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	20	...	...	10	...	...	186,350	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	0	...	...	56,480	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	50,745	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	115	...	...	130	...	...	579,720	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	155	...	...	150	...	...	875,865	...	...	245	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0	...	...	87,945	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	150	...	...	150	...	...	787,925	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	150	...	...	360,120	...	...	95	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.9	...	...	66.7	...	...	60.0	...	...	52.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...	1,580	...	...	1,572	...	...	2,080	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	500,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	420,000	...	...	510,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	1,020,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	0	...	...	550,235	...	...	160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	28.4	...	...	21.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	14.6	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	...	...	...	890	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	...	...	...	987	...	...	940	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	530	260	265	495	255	235	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	595	310	285
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	10	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	10	10	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	10	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	525	260	265	495	255	235	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	575	295	280
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	530	265	265	495	255	240	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	590	310	285
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	520	260	260	470	245	225	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	500	265	235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	65	50	110	60	55	322,965	164,980	157,985	135	80	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	415	195	220	360	185	165	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	365	190	175
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	0	0	0	25	10	15	313,410	160,530	152,885	95	40	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	530	265	265	495	255	240	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	590	310	285
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	360	170	190	245	140	105	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	380	200	185
Immigrants⁸¹	170	90	80	250	120	135	652,730	313,955	338,770	200	100	95
Before 1980	45	25	20	30	15	20	108,265	50,530	57,735	25	15	10
1980 to 1990	30	10	15	45	20	25	69,695	34,150	35,545	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	60	25	35	45	25	20	106,810	50,520	56,290	20	15	0
2001 to 2010	25	15	15	105	45	55	154,780	74,520	80,255	30	10	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	15	0	25	15	15	213,175	104,225	108,950	115	50	65
2011 to 2015	10	10	0	25	15	15	99,070	48,005	51,065	70	30	35
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	50	25	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	170	95	80	250	115	135	652,725	313,955	338,770	200	100	100
Under 5 years	0	0	0	25	10	10	52,990	26,810	26,180	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	65	50	20	50	25	30	103,285	51,965	51,320	45	20	20
15 to 24 years	45	10	40	25	0	15	118,475	53,035	65,440	20	15	0
25 to 44 years	55	30	25	145	80	70	326,320	158,620	167,700	115	55	65
45 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10	51,660	23,520	28,140	20	10	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	170	95	80	250	115	135	652,725	313,955	338,770	200	100	100
Americas	125	70	55	35	20	20	137,955	63,465	74,485	45	30	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	90	55	40	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	20	15	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15	33,410	15,245	18,160	15	10	0
Europe	35	25	10	50	20	30	158,795	76,610	82,190	50	25	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	30	15	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	35	25	10	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	15	15	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15	152,205	77,515	74,690	75	35	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	20	0	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	35	20	15
Asia	0	0	0	145	70	75	202,715	95,775	106,935	25	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20	0	15	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	15	20	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	15	10	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	15	10	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	10	15	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	50	25	25
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	35	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	25	15	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	530	265	265	495	260	240	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	595	305	280
First generation¹⁰⁰	170	90	75	250	115	130	813,905	400,325	413,580	215	110	100
Second generation¹⁰¹	205	90	115	145	65	80	424,225	212,755	211,475	95	60	35
Third generation or more¹⁰²	155	85	70	95	70	25	721,230	352,590	368,630	280	140	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	125	70	60	215	105	115	544,455	263,425	281,040	175	90	85
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50	30	25	140	70	70	303,105	155,090	148,020	95	40	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	15	0	55	45	15	151,015	87,200	63,815	55	20	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	30	15	20	85	25	60	152,090	67,890	84,205	35	20	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	55	25	30	45	20	25	146,645	59,645	87,000	50	30	20
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	35	15	20	85,165	44,145	41,025	35	25	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	125	70	60	215	105	115	544,455	263,425	281,040	175	90	85
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	25	15	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	10	0	0	0	56,685	26,490	30,195	15	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	10	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	15	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	10	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	50	40	205	95	110	387,815	184,015	203,795	115	55	65
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	530	265	270	495	260	240	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	595	305	280
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	285	140	145	275	130	150	737,510	363,785	373,725	200	100	100
South Asian	0	0	0	120	50	70	91,370	48,660	42,710	15	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0
Black	215	110	105	0	0	0	208,805	101,125	107,680	95	65	30
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	90	45	45	151,890	79,375	72,515	55	15	35
Latin American	70	25	40	0	0	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	15	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	20	10	10	19,790	9,660	10,125	20	10	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	240	120	120	215	125	90	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	395	205	190
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	530	265	265	495	255	240	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	590	310	285
Canadian	55	25	30	60	45	15	241,015	115,880	125,135	110	55	55
English	10	10	0	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	10	0	10
Irish	0	0	0	35	20	15	102,325	48,885	53,440	40	20	20
Scottish	0	0	0	0	10	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	10	0	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	35	15	25	10	15	336,880	169,710	167,170	180	95	90
German	0	0	0	15	10	10	40,360	19,305	21,050	20	0	20
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0
Italian	120	65	60	40	15	20	156,025	76,485	79,535	45	35	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	30	20	15	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	10	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	25	10	15	66,400	31,740	34,655	20	0	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	10	10	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	45	25	25	56,950	30,125	26,830	60	15	45
Greek	15	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	20	10	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	25	25	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	205	105	95	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	50	20	35	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	20	15	15
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	530	265	270	495	260	235	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	595	305	285
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	465	230	240	275	135	140	969,945	451,410	518,540	280	150	130
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	50	20	35	85	45	45	116,635	55,545	61,090	20	10	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	240	120	120	105	45	60	675,695	314,690	361,010	215	120	95
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	75	35	35	68,635	32,680	35,950	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	25	10	15
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	105	60	50	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	30	15	10	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	35	20	20	233,440	121,145	112,290	105	40	70
Sikh	0	0	0	15	10	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	55	35	25	120	65	55	590,140	310,985	279,165	200	110	90
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	525	260	260	495	255	235	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	585	300	285
Non-movers	515	260	250	475	250	225	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	490	245	245
Movers	10	0	10	20	10	10	255,365	129,500	125,865	95	60	40
Non-migrants	10	0	0	0	0	0	186,805	94,745	92,055	75	40	35
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	20	20	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	20	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	20	15	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	510	260	250	470	240	235	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	560	280	280
Non-movers	350	180	170	330	165	160	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	235	115	115
Movers	160	80	80	145	75	75	821,475	413,250	408,230	335	165	160
Non-migrants	120	60	60	70	35	35	433,700	216,030	217,670	180	85	95
Migrants	40	25	20	75	35	40	387,770	197,215	190,560	150	80	65
Internal migrants	35	20	20	50	25	25	190,035	93,955	96,075	95	55	40
Intraprovincial migrants	35	20	20	50	25	25	159,710	78,770	80,940	95	55	40
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	197,735	103,260	94,485	55	25	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	445	215	230	405	205	195	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	475	225	245
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	55	50	50	30	20	274,820	136,500	138,320	70	30	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	340	165	175	350	175	175	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	400	195	205
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	145	130	265	135	135	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	305	145	160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	55	30	30	15	15	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	15	10	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	220	120	105	250	120	130	975,700	481,690	494,005	290	140	155
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	450	220	225	400	205	195	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	470	225	250
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	40	40	45	25	20	247,460	120,840	126,625	65	30	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	145	65	80	75	40	35	319,755	162,520	157,240	35	15	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	120	110	280	145	140	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	375	190	185
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	100	80	100	45	55	473,060	232,855	240,210	105	60	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	60	25	30	15	15	146,170	81,740	64,425	25	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	40	25	25	10	15	106,110	54,025	52,085	20	20	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	0	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	35	45	60	15	40	260,845	122,345	138,495	65	25	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	10	10	0	66,045	28,760	37,285	15	15	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	45	20	30	180	100	80	609,855	291,355	318,505	270	125	145
Bachelor's degree	35	10	25	120	65	60	344,605	160,320	184,285	145	70	80
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	30	20	10	58,945	27,280	31,665	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	10	0	10
Master's degree	0	0	0	25	15	15	159,510	78,325	81,190	80	45	35
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	275	145	135	270	130	135	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	305	150	155
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	20	20	20	15	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	10	10	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	30	30	35	25	15	162,205	88,420	73,785	10	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	95	80	215	95	115	831,975	403,420	428,555	290	135	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	80	55	70	30	40	333,160	167,260	165,895	95	50	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	50	20	20	15	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	20	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	55	35	20	20	15	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	10	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	30	40	10	30	174,185	84,745	89,445	60	15	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	0	10	10	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	40	15	20	145	65	75	498,815	236,155	262,665	200	85	110
Bachelor's degree	40	15	20	95	45	50	276,640	128,890	147,745	110	45	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	25	10	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	25	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	0	0	0	25	10	15	137,150	66,720	70,430	65	30	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	445	220	225	400	210	195	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	470	230	245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	220	100	120	120	65	55	567,220	283,355	283,860	100	40	55
Education	0	0	0	30	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	15	10
13. Education	0	0	0	30	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	25	15	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	10	0	10	69,210	32,705	36,505	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	10	0	10	61,135	27,085	34,045	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	78,920	30,815	48,110	35	15	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	25	25	0	20	157,220	58,185	99,040	65	25	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	20	0	10	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	15	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	20	15	10
Business, management and public administration	45	15	25	75	40	35	248,895	110,950	137,945	100	60	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	15	25	75	40	35	237,125	108,040	129,090	90	60	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	15	10	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	20	0	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	65	0	60	55	15	173,380	143,615	29,765	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	45	40	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	30	15	0	10	122,295	30,795	91,495	55	0	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	15	0	10	109,185	24,140	85,045	50	0	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	10	0	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	10	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	150	135	270	135	135	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	305	150	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	105	50	55	55	40	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	15	15	0
Education	0	0	0	30	0	25	38,405	8,860	29,545	15	0	15
13. Education	0	0	0	30	0	25	38,405	8,860	29,545	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	0	0	0	10	0	0	52,565	20,765	31,805	30	10	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	20	25	0	15	121,985	44,105	77,880	50	20	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	15	0	15	14,380	1,525	12,850	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	35	10	25	70	35	35	199,525	87,920	111,600	90	50	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	70	35	35	190,410	85,600	104,810	85	50	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	10	0	10	53,860	38,275	15,590	20	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	15	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	45	30	15	137,395	112,025	25,370	25	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	30	25	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	15	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	30	0	0	0	92,595	23,265	69,330	40	10	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	0	0	0	82,410	18,370	64,045	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	150	135	270	135	135	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	305	150	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105	50	55	55	40	20	265,025	144,230	120,800	15	15	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	175	100	80	210	100	115	831,975	403,415	428,560	285	135	155
Location of study inside Canada	160	85	80	130	60	70	598,455	286,340	312,115	205	95	110
Same as province or territory of residence	155	75	80	130	60	70	566,540	270,160	296,380	205	95	110
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	20	15	0	80	40	40	233,520	117,075	116,445	80	40	45
Americas	20	15	0	15	10	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	15	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	15	0	0	74,705	39,515	35,190	30	15	15
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	25	10	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	35	20	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	40	10	20	65,125	28,945	36,180	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	450	220	225	400	205	195	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	470	225	250
In the labour force	280	135	140	260	140	120	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	340	180	160
Employed	270	130	140	240	125	115	971,245	502,885	468,360	295	135	160
Unemployed	10	10	0	20	15	0	110,395	58,460	51,935	45	45	0
Not in the labour force	170	85	85	140	70	70	568,495	246,215	322,280	135	45	90
Participation rate	62.2	61.4	62.2	65.0	68.3	61.5	65.5	69.5	61.8	72.3	80.0	64.0
Employment rate	60.0	59.1	62.2	60.0	61.0	59.0	58.9	62.3	55.6	62.8	60.0	64.0
Unemployment rate	3.6	7.4	0.0	7.7	10.7	0.0	10.2	10.4	10.0	13.2	25.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	445	220	225	400	210	195	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	470	230	245
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	95	70	145	70	75	582,470	253,075	329,400	155	80	75
Worked	285	125	155	255	135	120	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	315	145	170
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	175	90	85	150	80	75	529,400	287,950	241,450	180	100	80
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	110	35	75	110	60	50	538,265	266,540	271,725	135	45	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.8	47.6	42.8	42.4	43.2	41.6	39.7	40.2	39.3	45.2	46.8	44.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	335	180	160
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	35	35	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	305	145	160
Employee	265	125	140	235	115	115	907,745	457,830	449,915	260	125	140
Permanent position	230	105	125	195	100	100	741,830	380,445	361,385	215	110	110
Temporary position	30	20	15	35	15	20	165,915	77,385	88,530	50	20	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	20	10	10	69,690	31,285	38,405	25	0	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	10	15	15	0	10	96,225	46,100	50,120	25	10	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	20	10	0	30	25	0	142,380	88,145	54,230	40	25	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	335	180	160
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	35	35	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	305	145	160
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	25	10	60	20	45	207,660	79,975	127,685	80	25	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	10	25	20	10	114,775	85,780	28,990	30	20	10
3 Health occupations	40	0	35	20	10	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	20	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	15	55	10	45	140,500	46,385	94,115	70	25	40
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	10	10	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	110	50	60	45	35	10	263,055	135,300	127,750	55	30	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	35	35	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	10	0	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	335	180	160
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	35	35	0
All industries¹⁹¹	275	135	140	260	140	125	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	305	145	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	10	0	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	15	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	20	0	20	20	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	20	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	15	15	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	45	15	30	35	20	15	111,555	56,180	55,375	25	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	20	15	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	35	10	20	53,430	27,205	26,225	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	15	10	0	130,405	75,750	54,655	25	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	10	0	0	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	15	15	0
61 Educational services	10	0	10	50	0	45	95,290	34,510	60,780	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	50	10	35	15	0	15	142,545	36,095	106,450	50	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	0	0	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	15	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	0	0	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	10	0	10
91 Public administration	20	15	10	25	15	10	42,120	20,455	21,665	40	25	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	300	135	165	280	150	130	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	340	150	185
English	40	15	20	60	40	25	201,310	110,165	91,150	35	30	10
French	115	45	70	80	45	25	416,430	206,170	210,265	180	55	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	115	75	45	130	65	65	473,485	249,700	223,785	110	55	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	0	30	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	300	135	165	280	150	130	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	340	150	185
Single responses	260	120	140	235	130	105	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	315	140	175
Official languages	260	120	140	235	130	105	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	315	140	175
English	90	45	40	130	70	55	361,715	194,885	166,835	45	40	10
French	170	65	105	105	55	45	645,885	327,180	318,705	275	100	165
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	25	45	20	25	126,180	65,940	60,240	20	10	10
English and French	40	20	20	45	20	25	116,535	60,925	55,605	20	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	300	135	165	280	150	130	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	340	150	185
None	190	80	115	185	105	80	743,180	381,875	361,305	235	90	145
English	25	20	10	30	10	20	219,885	116,455	103,430	85	45	40
French	50	35	20	60	35	20	149,470	78,495	70,975	10	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	30	0	25	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	270	130	140	240	125	115	971,245	502,885	468,360	295	135	155
Worked at home	30	10	20	70	35	35	298,820	151,335	147,485	90	40	50
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	20	15	30	30	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	10	10	0
Usual place of work	200	95	105	135	55	80	580,035	286,695	293,340	195	85	110
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	205	95	105	135	55	80	580,035	286,695	293,340	195	90	110
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	165	65	100	75	20	50	427,475	202,010	225,465	165	75	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	15	0	45	20	25	91,735	47,670	44,070	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	10	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	15	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	240	115	120	170	85	85	669,150	349,485	319,665	205	95	110
Car, truck or van	175	80	95	155	80	75	395,615	229,315	166,300	120	70	50
Car, truck or van - as a driver	165	80	80	155	80	75	365,770	218,475	147,295	120	70	50
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	15	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	0	0	0
Public transit	55	25	30	10	0	10	177,860	74,605	103,260	75	20	50
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	0	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	10	10	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	240	115	120	170	85	85	669,150	349,485	319,665	205	95	110
Less than 15 minutes	60	30	25	35	10	25	125,240	61,185	64,055	35	15	15
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	30	70	40	30	241,005	129,590	111,420	75	35	40
30 to 44 minutes	50	20	35	45	30	15	176,925	96,710	80,215	45	25	20
45 to 59 minutes	30	10	20	0	0	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	30	20	15
60 minutes and over	45	35	15	20	0	15	58,350	28,905	29,445	15	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	240	115	120	170	85	85	669,150	349,485	319,665	205	95	110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	10	0	10	10	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	10	10	35	15	15	95,270	56,280	38,990	30	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	35	25	60	20	40	166,695	79,410	87,280	65	35	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	55	20	35	20	10	10	149,185	68,865	80,320	65	30	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	15	25	15	0	15	106,855	50,615	56,240	15	0	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	35	30	0	112,350	65,830	46,520	20	10	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	125	80	45	100	55	45	371,310	189,920	181,390	150	80	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	15	40	25	15	109,065	56,315	52,750	30	20	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	65	40	55	35	30	262,245	133,605	128,640	120	65	55
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	95	65	35	75	45	35	264,905	135,505	129,395	120	65	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	15	10	30	20	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	20	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	5	30	20	10	67,535	34,945	32,590	20	10	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	5	0	5	15,350	7,810	7,540	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	50	25	45	25	20	182,020	92,755	89,270	100	50	50

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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