Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662873More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660241More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660634More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	385	...	...	1,165	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	679	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	156	...	...	339	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	287	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	146	...	...	328	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7,938.1	...	...	9,045.0	...	...	6.5	...	...	4,155.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.13	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	385	180	200	1,165	455	705	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	680	340	340
0 to 14 years	65	30	40	120	50	70	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	120	70	50
0 to 4 years	20	10	5	35	20	15	422,980	217,145	205,840	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	25	10	15	50	20	25	478,955	245,295	233,665	40	30	15
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	35	10	20	489,425	250,855	238,570	50	25	25
15 to 64 years	235	110	125	430	200	230	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	430	205	225
15 to 19 years	25	10	15	30	10	20	429,400	219,400	209,995	45	30	20
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	30	15	20	460,660	235,250	225,405	40	20	20
25 to 29 years	20	10	5	35	15	15	527,150	266,455	260,700	25	10	10
30 to 34 years	25	15	15	35	15	20	536,040	267,770	268,270	20	10	15
35 to 39 years	20	10	10	50	20	35	550,425	274,350	276,075	35	15	20
40 to 44 years	20	10	15	55	25	30	572,565	286,405	286,160	40	15	25
45 to 49 years	25	10	20	50	25	25	516,465	259,565	256,905	60	30	25
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	65	45	30	522,935	262,610	260,325	45	20	25
55 to 59 years	25	15	5	25	5	20	615,690	307,230	308,465	60	25	35
60 to 64 years	25	10	20	50	20	30	625,610	307,710	317,900	55	25	30
65 years and over	85	45	40	615	210	405	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	130	65	65
65 to 69 years	25	15	10	55	25	35	541,970	264,020	277,950	50	25	25
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	95	35	60	455,900	217,985	237,910	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	15	10	10	75	30	45	330,840	153,790	177,050	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	150	65	85	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	0	10
85 years and over	15	10	5	235	60	180	214,415	75,305	139,115	15	10	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	140	40	95	131,755	50,610	81,150	10	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	5	0	95	15	80	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	15,665	3,875	11,790	5	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	16.7	20.0	10.3	11.0	9.9	16.4	17.0	15.8	17.6	20.6	14.7
15 to 64 years	61.0	61.1	62.5	36.9	44.0	32.6	63.0	63.9	62.1	63.2	60.3	66.2
65 years and over	22.1	25.0	20.0	52.8	46.2	57.4	20.6	19.1	22.1	19.1	19.1	19.1
85 years and over	3.9	5.6	2.5	20.2	13.2	25.5	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.2	2.9	1.5
Average age of the population	42.7	42.8	42.6	59.5	56.1	61.7	42.8	41.8	43.7	42.6	41.0	44.3
Median age of the population	43.6	41.6	44.4	68.0	60.4	73.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	45.6	45.2	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	145	...	...	330	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Single-detached house	15	...	...	5	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	110	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	100	...	...
Row house	65	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	40	...	...	271,245	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...	175	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	110	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	145	...	...	325	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	130	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	105	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	45	...	...	480,135	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	30	...	...	427,605	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	20	...	...	228,060	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	385	180	205	700	310	390	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	680	335	340
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	315	150	165	1,050	410	640	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	560	270	290
Married or living common-law	160	80	80	465	230	235	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	330	170	165
Married	125	65	65	415	205	210	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	250	125	125
Living common-law	35	20	20	45	20	20	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	85	45	40
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	40	20	25	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	60	35	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	0	0	0	10	5	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	25	10	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	155	75	85	585	180	405	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	230	105	125
Not married and not living common law - Never married	105	55	50	320	125	200	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	160	85	75
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	5	10	5	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	10	15	80	25	55	494,210	197,455	296,755	45	15	30
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	15	180	30	150	380,100	89,515	290,580	20	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	110	...	...	190	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	195	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	95	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	45	...	...	454,980	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	30	...	...	412,850	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	185	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	195	...	...
Total couple families	80	...	...	140	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	120	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	125	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	70	...	...	502,020	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	45	...	...	609,605	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	25	...	...	828,005	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	401,885	...	...	20	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	15	...	...	426,120	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	45	...	...	383,775	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	20	...	...	40	...	...	284,025	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	680	340	340
Total - Persons in census families	330	155	175	535	240	300	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	580	295	280
Married spouses or common-law partners	160	80	80	285	140	140	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	330	165	165
Parents in one-parent families	30	5	25	45	5	35	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	5	25
Children⁶	140	70	70	210	90	120	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	220	120	95
In a two-parent family	95	40	50	145	60	85	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	175	95	75
In a one-parent family	45	25	20	60	25	35	585,820	317,400	268,415	40	20	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	30	30	165	75	95	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	105	45	60
Living alone	35	20	15	135	55	75	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	75	40	40
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	10	10	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	10	10	5	20	10	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	15	0	15
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	145	...	...	330	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	175	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	180	...	...
Couple-family households	75	...	...	130	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	150	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	75	...	...	851,835	...	...	90	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	60	...	...	982,260	...	...	60	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	45	...	...	331,395	...	...	25	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	66,750	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	5	...	...	15	...	...	139,280	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	130	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	320	150	165	580	265	320	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	560	270	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	150	155	570	255	315	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	540	260	280
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	29,800	32,400	39,200	42,000	38,400	40,800	44,800	37,200	53,200	54,400	52,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	150	155	570	255	315	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	540	260	280
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	29,200	29,800	35,600	36,400	33,600	36,400	39,200	33,600	45,600	47,200	44,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	250	115	130	510	235	280	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	505	245	255
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,400	24,400	22,800	28,800	31,200	27,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	47,200	49,600	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	195	100	100	395	195	205	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	400	195	210
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	31,000	32,000	33,600	35,600	31,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	53,600	51,600	54,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	270	135	135	495	210	280	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	405	175	230
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,300	14,600	15,300	13,100	13,100	12,900	11,500	10,200	12,300	9,500	11,000	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35	15	15	75	40	35	837,635	441,080	396,550	40	15	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	x	x	5,480	5,480	4,560	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,680	x	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	95	60	40	175	85	90	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	140	75	65
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,500	10,000	9,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	310	140	175	555	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	315	335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	550	225	325	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	625	305	325
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	38,000	39,000	44,400	43,200	45,200	51,160	57,550	44,960	84,400	82,000	86,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	550	225	325	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	625	305	325
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	33,000	34,000	37,200	36,000	38,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	62,200	60,000	64,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	120	130	485	210	280	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	575	280	295
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	30,000	31,600	38,600	37,600	39,600	45,480	52,900	38,000	84,000	81,000	87,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	190	95	95	370	180	190	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	455	225	230
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	35,000	39,000	42,000	38,000	46,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	84,000	75,500	92,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	285	130	155	450	180	265	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	445	200	245
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	12,600	12,800	12,280	10,400	13,600	12,410	11,500	13,220	10,600	11,100	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45	25	20	65	45	20	837,180	441,665	395,515	45	20	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,000	6,000	3,800	5,000	5,200	4,400	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,800	4,500	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	55	55	170	85	85	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	180	95	90
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	9,200	9,200	8,200	7,500	8,800	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,300	8,200	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	310	140	175	550	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	320	335
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	45	55	170	85	85	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	240	115	130
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	50,000	43,600	62,800	59,200	67,500	58,400	62,800	53,600	93,000	76,500	94,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,000	54,000	52,000	62,800	58,000	67,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	121,000	118,000	122,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	75	35	40	135	65	70	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	160	70	90
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,700	16,200	15,700	23,200	26,400	19,800	18,600	21,400	16,600	15,500	12,000	26,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	19,000	22,000	29,200	25,000	34,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	52,000	36,000	64,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.0	68.0	68.0	77.5	80.0	75.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	91.0	92.0	90.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.0	62.0	60.0	64.5	71.0	60.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	72.0	67.0	77.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.0	32.0	32.0	22.6	19.6	24.8	20.1	15.8	25.6	9.0	9.0	9.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.8	1.4	1.3	2.2	0.6	1.7	1.5	2.0	0.5	0.4	0.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	9.6	10.4	8.8	6.7	7.3	6.2	5.4	4.8	6.1	3.1	3.2	3.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	8.4	9.5	7.6	5.8	6.6	5.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	2.8	3.0	2.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	315	150	165	585	260	320	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	560	270	290
Without total income	15	0	10	15	5	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	20	10	10
With total income	305	150	160	565	255	315	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	545	260	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	10	40	20	25	462,400	204,245	258,155	55	35	25
$10,000 to $19,999	55	25	30	55	20	35	809,375	334,315	475,065	45	20	25
$20,000 to $29,999	70	40	30	105	45	55	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	60	20	40
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	20	85	40	50	896,520	414,070	482,445	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	90	40	50	849,005	411,680	437,325	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	55	25	30	687,020	345,720	341,305	40	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	40	20	25	503,110	271,695	231,415	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	25	15	15	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	20	5	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	25	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	20	5	10	198,140	112,355	85,780	25	10	20
$100,000 and over	15	5	10	30	25	5	556,780	365,700	191,080	135	75	65
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	10	20	15	5	385,890	245,635	140,260	65	35	35
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	10	5	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	75	35	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	315	150	165	585	260	320	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	560	270	290
Without after-tax income	15	0	10	15	5	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	20	10	10
With after-tax income	305	150	160	565	255	315	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	545	260	280
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	10	10	40	20	25	495,035	214,000	281,030	60	35	30
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	30	60	15	40	853,250	356,480	496,765	55	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	80	40	35	135	65	70	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	65	20	40
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	20	105	45	60	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	55	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	40	15	20	90	40	50	994,235	505,970	488,265	60	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	50	20	30	691,015	372,870	318,145	45	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	10	0	5	40	15	30	459,665	251,490	208,170	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	20	10	10	292,135	160,985	131,150	30	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	10	10	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	30	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	5	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	20	10	15
$100,000 and over	5	0	5	5	5	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	85	45	40
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	5	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	25	5	15
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	65	35	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	315	150	165	585	260	320	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	560	270	290
Without employment income	120	55	65	190	70	120	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	160	75	80
With employment income	195	95	100	395	190	200	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	405	195	210
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	20	15	55	30	25	644,075	331,770	312,300	60	35	30
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	35	20	20	401,185	180,585	220,595	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	15	5	10	50	15	35	603,350	273,725	329,620	30	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	20	10	10	40	25	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	30	15	10
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	10	35	10	25	488,000	239,620	248,380	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	10	45	20	20	485,845	242,230	243,610	15	10	5
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	35	20	20	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	0	25	10	15	320,700	184,770	135,935	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	20	10	10	250,635	147,020	103,615	20	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	15	5	5	218,100	120,085	98,020	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	5	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	15	5	10
$100,000 and over	10	5	10	25	20	5	422,055	285,910	136,145	110	55	55
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	5	15	10	5	205,085	133,500	71,585	30	15	15
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	15	10	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	80	40	45
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	320	150	165	580	265	320	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	560	270	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	145	150	560	250	305	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	520	250	270
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600	26,800	31,600	34,800	37,600	31,400	38,400	43,200	34,000	53,200	54,000	52,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	300	145	150	560	250	305	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	520	250	270
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	25,000	29,200	31,400	34,400	29,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	44,800	45,600	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	255	130	125	505	230	275	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	490	240	250
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	25,400	28,400	29,200	33,600	27,200	34,800	40,400	29,200	48,400	51,200	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	200	105	95	395	195	200	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	415	205	210
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	29,400	34,000	33,600	35,600	31,800	36,400	41,200	31,800	51,200	50,800	56,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	260	115	140	465	195	270	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	365	155	210
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	6,800	9,400	6,500	3,760	9,600	7,800	5,640	9,100	5,000	5,120	4,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	15	5	55	30	25	727,165	390,255	336,910	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	4,960	4,320	6,280	5,000	4,760	5,280	7,150	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	310	140	175	555	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	315	335
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	535	215	320	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	605	290	320
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	51,000	35,000	40,600	42,000	39,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	78,400	84,000	74,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	295	140	155	535	215	320	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	605	290	320
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,000	31,200	34,200	35,600	33,200	39,600	44,000	35,320	57,800	60,400	55,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	255	120	130	465	200	265	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	570	270	300
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	50,000	31,600	38,400	40,400	37,200	45,920	53,800	37,920	78,000	83,000	73,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	185	95	90	360	175	190	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	485	225	260
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,000	37,500	41,800	41,600	42,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	73,200	72,500	74,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	105	145	430	175	255	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	400	165	235
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	9,400	9,000	9,400	6,450	11,400	9,450	8,430	10,320	7,840	8,800	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15	15	0	50	35	15	727,815	390,880	336,935	25	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	...	8,000	6,400	12,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	15,000	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	310	140	175	550	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	320	335
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	100	45	55	170	85	85	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	245	120	130
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,400	46,400	42,800	60,400	64,000	58,800	54,800	60,000	49,200	100,000	84,000	100,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,000	54,000	48,000	56,800	55,000	59,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	112,000	108,000	114,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	60	30	25	130	60	70	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	160	70	85
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	x	x	24,200	27,000	24,200	23,600	27,200	21,000	21,800	12,800	28,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	30,000	26,000	33,000	34,000	32,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	47,000	42,000	52,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.0	88.0	76.0	82.0	88.0	77.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	93.0	94.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	59.0	54.0	64.0	69.0	78.0	62.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	74.5	68.0	82.0
Government transfers (%)	18.8	14.0	25.0	18.4	12.2	23.2	14.9	10.8	20.2	6.6	6.0	7.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	1.2	x	1.9	2.4	1.6	1.6	1.3	2.0	0.7	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	145	...	...	325	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	55,200	...	...	63,200	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	130	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,600	...	...	39,600	...	...	38,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...	35,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	110	...	...	195	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	145	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	132,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	135	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	45,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	180	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	210,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	155,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	145	...	...	325	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	82,470	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	218,185	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	144,420	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	166,990	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	310,880	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	280,505	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	90	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	307,835	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	10	...	...	239,060	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	145	...	...	325	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	87,695	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	177,135	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	180,150	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	213,760	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	210,280	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	25	...	...	193,530	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	356,325	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	322,530	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	254,885	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	65	...	...	892,775	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	387,835	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	225,830	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	15	...	...	279,105	...	...	75	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	110	...	...	185	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	78,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	60	...	...	991,710	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	69,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	75	...	...	907,765	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	45	...	...	368,845	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	69,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	68,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	45	25	25	155	65	85	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	90	35	50
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,400	25,000	26,400	39,600	42,400	39,200	36,800	39,200	34,800	42,000	33,600	59,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,400	25,000	26,400	34,400	36,400	34,000	33,200	34,800	31,600	37,600	30,800	46,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	105	...	...	175	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	157,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	60	...	...	992,110	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	195,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	65	...	...	909,160	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	248,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	184,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	45	...	...	367,155	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	55	25	25	150	45	105	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	95	45	50
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,000	38,000	40,000	44,000	37,000	47,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	82,000	72,000	88,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	34,000	36,000	37,000	33,000	39,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	61,000	58,000	64,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	385	185	200	700	310	395	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	680	340	340
0 to 17 years	80	35	45	135	55	80	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	145	85	60
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	45	20	25	515,725	264,785	250,935	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	220	110	115	405	190	220	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	400	190	210
65 years and over	85	40	40	155	65	95	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	135	65	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	55	25	30	70	35	40	992,235	463,295	528,940	40	20	20
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	5	5	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	20	10	5	30	15	15	515,470	256,435	259,035	25	15	10
65 years and over	20	10	10	40	15	25	317,235	124,865	192,370	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	14.0	13.0	10.4	10.0	10.4	11.9	11.2	12.7	5.6	6.0	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	x	12.0	6.0	12.0	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	4.0	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	20.0	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	12.0	8.0	6.8	7.0	7.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	6.0	8.0	4.0
65 years and over (%)	26.0	24.0	28.0	24.0	18.0	28.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	6.0	x	8.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	680	340	340
0 to 17 years	80	30	50	135	55	80	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	140	80	60
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	45	20	25	511,400	262,535	248,860	35	25	15
18 to 64 years	220	105	115	410	185	220	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	405	195	210
65 years and over	80	40	40	160	65	90	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	130	65	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	20	15	45	20	25	439,850	223,055	216,795	20	15	10
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	5	5	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15	15	5	25	15	15	313,970	167,015	146,955	15	15	5
65 years and over	10	0	5	15	5	10	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	9.0	7.0	6.2	6.4	6.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	3.6	4.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	12.0	4.0	6.0	6.0	5.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	4.5	7.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	16.0	10.0	10.0	12.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	385	180	200	700	310	395	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	680	340	340
In bottom half of the distribution	265	125	140	445	200	245	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	240	120	115
In bottom decile	50	30	25	60	30	35	851,840	407,705	444,140	30	20	10
In second decile	70	35	35	95	45	50	920,490	434,730	485,760	35	20	20
In third decile	45	20	30	90	40	55	969,255	471,650	497,600	55	25	25
In fourth decile	45	25	25	120	55	70	978,345	482,760	495,590	50	25	25
In fifth decile	50	25	25	75	30	40	947,090	473,285	473,810	70	35	35
In top half of the distribution	120	55	65	255	105	145	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	440	215	225
In sixth decile	25	15	10	65	35	40	899,660	454,970	444,690	65	30	35
In seventh decile	35	10	25	60	25	40	837,225	425,400	411,830	55	25	35
In eighth decile	35	10	20	35	15	25	752,410	383,450	368,955	55	30	30
In ninth decile	20	15	10	70	30	40	634,425	325,700	308,730	90	40	45
In top decile	0	0	0	20	10	5	517,725	267,160	250,565	180	95	85
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	385	...	...	705	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	680	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.282	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.462	...	...	0.431	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.427	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...	0.243	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.314	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	340	340
English only	20	5	10	45	15	25	445,575	228,840	216,735	100	50	45
French only	180	85	95	275	110	165	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	35	15	20
English and French	175	80	95	355	175	185	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	525	265	260
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	25	15	15	82,075	35,200	46,875	15	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	340	340
English	65	30	35	120	55	65	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	340	175	170
French	275	130	145	440	185	255	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	260	135	130
English and French	35	15	15	115	60	60	329,515	169,050	160,465	70	30	40
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	25	10	15	79,000	33,590	45,410	15	10	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	340	340
Single responses	355	170	185	650	290	360	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	610	310	305
Official languages	165	80	85	270	120	145	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	440	230	215
English	30	15	15	45	15	25	639,365	323,170	316,195	225	120	105
French	135	70	65	225	105	125	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	220	115	105
Non-official languages	190	85	105	380	170	210	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	170	85	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	85	105	380	170	210	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	170	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	75	35	45	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	10	15	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	10	15	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	50	20	25	204,600	107,735	96,865	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	50	20	25	198,785	104,765	94,020	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	45	20	25	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	10	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	10	20	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	30	5	5	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	10	5	5	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	50	60	195	85	110	595,790	290,670	305,115	115	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	68,295	30,855	37,435	35	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	67,565	30,570	36,995	35	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5	6,735	3,240	3,495	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5	12,495	5,380	7,120	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5	31,700	14,115	17,590	25	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	5	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	10	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	5	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	5	0	5
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	55	155	70	90	346,000	167,870	178,130	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	25	70	30	40	90,940	44,080	46,865	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	0	0	10	5	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	5	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	5	5
Spanish	50	20	25	60	30	35	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	5	0	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	25	15	10	87,540	40,170	47,375	25	15	15
Chinese languages	0	5	0	25	15	10	87,155	39,990	47,160	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	5	57,445	26,210	31,235	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20	50	20	30	308,550	155,455	153,095	65	30	35
English and French	5	0	0	10	0	10	126,405	64,585	61,820	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	0	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	30	10	20	94,205	46,880	47,320	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	340	340
English	40	15	20	45	20	30	623,305	313,780	309,520	235	135	105
French	150	80	75	235	100	135	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	160	75	80
Non-official language	65	25	35	135	60	70	366,730	177,410	189,315	50	25	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	25	35	135	60	70	343,650	165,830	177,825	50	25	25
English and French	15	10	5	30	15	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	110	55	55
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	30	10	20	205,755	102,290	103,470	45	25	25
French and non-official language(s)	80	30	45	140	60	80	375,795	179,585	196,210	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	80	35	40	284,940	141,275	143,665	40	15	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	340	340
Single responses	350	160	190	610	280	325	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	625	315	315
Official languages	260	120	135	390	180	215	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	540	275	260
English	60	25	30	70	35	40	874,185	438,570	435,615	315	165	155
French	205	100	105	315	145	170	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	220	105	110
Non-official languages	95	40	50	215	105	110	662,615	322,860	339,750	90	35	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	40	50	215	105	110	628,365	305,820	322,555	90	35	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	35	20	15	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	20	15	15	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	20	15	15	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	15	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	5	5	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	5	5	5	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	110	45	60	336,635	164,100	172,535	60	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	39,725	18,855	20,870	20	15	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	39,575	18,795	20,775	20	15	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5	22,770	10,815	11,960	20	15	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	35	85	35	45	182,585	88,060	94,525	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15	40	15	20	26,290	11,205	15,085	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	5	22,255	10,895	11,355	5	5	5
Spanish	25	10	15	30	15	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	5	67,120	31,725	35,390	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	5	66,880	31,610	35,275	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5	46,925	22,275	24,650	10	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	5	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	95	30	65	357,245	176,070	181,175	55	30	30
English and French	10	5	5	15	0	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	10	60,495	29,540	30,950	20	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	50	20	35	116,595	56,445	60,150	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	15	5	15	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	385	180	205	705	310	390	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	680	335	340
None	285	140	150	490	205	285	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	490	260	235
English	5	0	5	30	20	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	50	25	25
French	35	15	15	55	30	25	259,425	127,380	132,040	55	20	40
Non-official language	50	20	25	60	30	30	269,715	129,830	139,890	50	20	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	25	60	30	30	264,405	127,330	137,070	50	20	30
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	25	10	10	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	20	10	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	365	160	200	645	240	400	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	760	385	370
Official languages	355	160	195	595	225	370	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	755	385	370
English	195	75	115	365	150	210	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	720	360	360
French	340	160	180	555	215	340	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	665	315	345
Non-official languages	260	115	145	455	180	270	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	245	105	140
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	260	115	145	455	180	270	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	245	105	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	25	55	385,210	201,105	184,100	70	40	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20	363,875	190,005	173,870	70	40	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	45	20	20	343,675	179,750	163,930	45	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	10	20	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	20	10	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	20	35	55	25	25	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	50	20	30	55	25	25	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	80	90	185	80	110	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	155	65	90
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10	95,385	45,060	50,330	25	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10	94,580	44,695	49,885	20	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	15	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	30	0	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	25	0	20
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	25	0	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	10	10	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	10	10	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	10	0	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	10	0	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	70	85	180	70	105	684,830	324,095	360,735	100	40	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	120	60	65	90	30	60	168,040	82,400	85,645	30	20	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	20	0	15	75	40	35	453,905	210,400	243,505	70	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	60	30	35	107,415	49,840	57,575	20	10	10
Chinese languages	25	10	15	60	30	35	106,915	49,630	57,285	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15	80,520	37,100	43,420	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	15	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	755	385	375
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	755	385	375
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	755	385	375
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	755	385	375
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Owner	100	...	...	190	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	220	...	...
Renter	45	...	...	125	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	70	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	140	...	...	515,590	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	140	...	...	175	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	75	...	...	623,295	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	45	...	...	135	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	40	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	85	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	140	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	15	...	...	730,330	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	40	...	...	200	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	35	...	...	60	...	...	645,635	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	10	...	...	435,225	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	20	...	...	403,225	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	30	...	...	30	...	...	886,180	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	4.5	...	...	5.8	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
One person or fewer per room	150	...	...	310	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	295	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	10	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Suitable	140	...	...	305	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	10	...	...	142,775	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	30	...	...	879,375	...	...	235	...	...
1961 to 1980	100	...	...	115	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	30	...	...	509,120	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	25	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	75	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	20	...	...	212,290	...	...	10	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	15	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	125	...	...	300	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	285	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	15	...	...	236,110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
One-maintainer household	75	...	...	200	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	125	...	...
Two-maintainer household	65	...	...	110	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	160	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	150	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	20	...	...	525,540	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	55	...	...	647,165	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	65	...	...	628,630	...	...	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	70	...	...	760,395	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	60	...	...	629,965	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	45	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	10	...	...	103,640	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	145	...	...	315	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	295	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	240	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	265	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	75	...	...	595,690	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	60	...	...	542,060	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	145	...	...	320	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	100	...	...	901,440	...	...	55	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	0	...	...	75	...	...	537,090	...	...	35	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	15	...	...	179,840	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	120	...	...	220	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	145	...	...	300	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	295	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	40	...	...	218,275	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	135	...	...	260	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	100	...	...	190	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	225	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.0	...	...	65.8	...	...	62.2	...	...	42.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	21.1	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	8.1	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,220	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...	1,450	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,460	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	280,000	...	...	348,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	380,000	...	...	512,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	880,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	130	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	24.0	...	...	25.2	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	21.7	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	785	...	...	850	...	...	810	...	...	785	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	680	...	...	860	...	...	886	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	360	165	200	640	245	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	760	385	375
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	360	165	200	640	245	400	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	730	385	340
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	365	160	200	645	245	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	760	380	375
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	340	145	195	560	210	345	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	725	365	360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	25	45	80	20	60	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	130	80	55
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	275	125	155	480	190	290	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	595	285	310
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	20	10	0	85	30	55	518,265	264,490	253,775	35	15	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	365	160	200	645	245	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	760	380	375
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	165	80	95	325	115	210	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	550	270	280
Immigrants⁸¹	195	85	105	305	120	185	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	200	110	90
Before 1980	65	25	45	65	15	45	187,200	91,895	95,300	65	35	30
1980 to 1990	45	25	20	30	15	15	124,610	61,850	62,755	40	15	25
1991 to 2000	25	10	15	75	25	50	190,495	91,635	98,860	30	20	10
2001 to 2010	30	15	20	60	30	30	312,210	150,825	161,390	45	30	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	25	10	15	65	30	40	396,090	192,745	203,340	25	15	15
2011 to 2015	20	10	15	20	10	10	193,345	93,485	99,855	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	0	0	0	50	20	35	202,740	99,260	103,480	25	15	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	15	10	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	195	85	105	300	120	185	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	205	105	95
Under 5 years	20	10	10	15	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	20	0	15
5 to 14 years	35	15	25	50	15	35	201,385	101,555	99,835	35	20	15
15 to 24 years	35	10	30	70	20	55	213,035	96,175	116,860	35	20	10
25 to 44 years	100	50	55	145	75	70	594,845	292,975	301,875	100	55	50
45 years and over	0	0	0	25	10	20	89,045	41,505	47,540	20	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	195	85	105	300	120	185	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	205	105	95
Americas	70	25	40	70	30	45	264,885	121,740	143,145	35	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	55	25	35	35	15	15	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	25	61,020	28,545	32,480	10	10	0
Europe	95	45	50	65	15	50	309,015	154,110	154,910	110	60	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	15	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	55	35	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	60	25	35	50	10	35	43,975	21,940	22,040	10	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	15	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	15	0	10
Africa	15	10	0	60	25	35	302,010	153,655	148,355	30	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	45	15	30	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	10	68,865	34,810	34,060	25	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	10	100	50	55	332,925	158,445	174,475	40	20	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	35	20	10	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	20	10	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	15	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	50	15	35	202,740	99,265	103,480	30	10	15
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	35	0	30	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	35	0	30	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	360	160	200	645	240	400	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	755	385	370
First generation¹⁰⁰	200	80	115	330	125	205	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	230	130	100
Second generation¹⁰¹	95	50	50	160	60	110	883,485	446,000	437,490	255	125	130
Third generation or more¹⁰²	65	30	35	150	55	85	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	270	125	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	120	55	70	240	105	140	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	75	65
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	70	35	40	125	60	65	559,935	290,040	269,895	95	45	50
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	35	20	15	60	35	25	267,870	161,125	106,740	45	20	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	10	30	65	25	45	292,070	128,915	163,155	50	25	30
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	15	30	60	20	45	272,255	109,735	162,515	40	30	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	45	20	25	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	120	55	70	240	105	140	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	145	75	65
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	25	10	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	15	10	10	10	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	35	10	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	100	35	55	190	75	110	756,120	358,700	397,420	95	50	45
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	755	385	375
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	160	60	100	335	140	195	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	125	75	45
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	25	15	10
Chinese	25	0	15	60	25	35	115,240	51,375	63,865	20	15	10
Black	90	35	50	65	35	30	422,405	206,335	216,070	15	10	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	45	15	25	280,075	146,990	133,085	30	20	10
Latin American	20	0	15	40	10	30	172,925	85,035	87,880	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	65	30	35	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	30	0	25	34,960	17,080	17,875	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	205	100	100	305	100	205	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	630	310	325
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	365	160	205	645	245	400	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	760	385	375
Canadian	10	10	10	65	20	45	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	60	50	10
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	45	20	20
Irish	0	0	0	15	0	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	80	50	25
Scottish	0	0	0	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	85	40	55
French, n.o.s.¹²²	35	25	15	30	20	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	200	80	125
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	45	20	25
Chinese	25	10	20	55	20	35	123,985	55,730	68,255	10	10	0
Italian	145	65	85	115	40	75	316,315	157,600	158,720	45	20	25
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	25	15	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	40	0	40
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	15	0	15
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	40	15	25
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	10	931,940	465,630	466,305	15	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	15	15	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	15	0	15	588,805	290,630	298,180	20	10	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	30	20	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	25	0	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	35	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	20	0	15	77,735	37,960	39,775	25	15	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	85	45	40
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	35	15	15	104,735	55,130	49,610	35	20	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	10	0	10
Haitian	85	35	50	75	40	35	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	10	10	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	45	10	35	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	35	10	25	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	360	160	200	640	240	400	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	755	385	375
Buddhist	0	0	0	40	10	30	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	300	135	165	340	130	205	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	355	155	200
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	25	15	0	45	10	30	464,020	229,155	234,860	65	20	40
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	0	10
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	235	100	140	265	95	170	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	240	115	125
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	10	10	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	15	15	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	25	10	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	85	45	40
Muslim	0	0	0	70	15	50	421,710	218,255	203,455	55	25	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	35	15	20	175	80	90	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	240	150	95
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	365	160	200	640	245	395	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	750	380	375
Non-movers	360	155	200	610	230	375	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	680	340	345
Movers	0	0	0	30	10	20	945,290	466,750	478,540	75	40	30
Non-migrants	0	0	0	25	10	20	543,670	268,740	274,925	75	40	30
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	350	160	195	615	230	385	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	725	360	365
Non-movers	300	135	160	455	175	280	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	605	305	300
Movers	50	20	30	160	55	105	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	120	55	65
Non-migrants	50	20	25	90	35	60	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	80	40	40
Migrants	0	0	0	65	25	45	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	45	15	25
Internal migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	25	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	25	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	55	20	35	320,090	166,115	153,975	15	10	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	310	140	175	555	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	320	335
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	45	65	125	40	85	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	50	35	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	200	95	110	430	185	245	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	595	285	310
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	175	70	100	350	155	195	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	390	185	205
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	15	15	50	15	25	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	140	60	80	300	140	165	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	385	180	205
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	310	140	170	555	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	315	330
No certificate, diploma or degree	105	40	55	120	40	80	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	45	30	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	105	60	45	120	50	75	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	70	40	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105	30	70	305	135	170	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	530	245	280
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	55	165	70	95	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	150	65	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	25	30	70	40	30	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	30	15	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	25	65	30	25	793,030	427,220	365,815	25	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	25	0	20	80	30	50	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	95	40	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	20	10	15	252,815	102,150	150,665	25	15	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	25	10	20	140	65	75	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	380	180	200
Bachelor's degree	20	0	20	95	45	45	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	215	110	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	10	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	10	0	0
Master's degree	10	10	0	35	10	25	360,795	174,150	186,645	90	25	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	55	30	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	170	75	100	345	150	195	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	395	190	205
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	15	45	20	30	525,155	303,815	221,345	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	30	30	65	25	45	752,855	388,160	364,700	20	20	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85	30	50	235	115	120	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	370	165	200
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	20	40	120	50	65	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	80	40	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	15	20	55	30	25	836,455	498,385	338,075	15	0	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	15	20	50	30	20	609,895	319,470	290,425	10	0	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15	0	15	55	20	35	838,140	372,455	465,685	45	25	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	10	174,695	72,115	102,580	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	25	10	15	115	60	55	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	290	130	160
Bachelor's degree	15	0	15	70	40	30	802,755	343,100	459,650	140	70	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	10	10	0	25	10	15	302,065	140,530	161,530	85	30	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	35	20	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	310	135	170	555	225	330	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	645	315	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	205	105	100	250	90	155	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	120	70	50
Education	0	0	0	15	0	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	10	10
13. Education	0	0	0	15	0	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	20	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	166,900	75,420	91,480	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	143,365	58,875	84,490	25	15	10
Humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	228,770	90,810	137,960	45	20	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	40	20	25	430,845	142,280	288,570	95	30	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	10	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	77,880	29,725	48,160	35	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15	0	15	65,230	15,095	50,135	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	25	15	15
Business, management and public administration	25	10	15	90	40	50	950,820	357,290	593,535	100	35	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	15	80	40	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	95	35	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	65	45	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	30	20	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	30	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	15	15	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	20	0	70	50	20	866,885	778,835	88,060	80	70	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	10	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	35	20	15	181,290	147,120	34,170	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	20	10	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	50	10	45	515,215	101,455	413,760	65	10	60
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	50	10	45	470,150	78,875	391,275	60	0	60
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	20	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	20	15	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	175	75	100	350	155	195	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	395	190	205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	45	50	115	40	70	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	25	25	0
Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	25	10	10
13. Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	195,595	39,630	155,965	25	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	15	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	15	15	0
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	25	20	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	35	20	15	334,475	103,635	230,840	55	15	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	10	59,965	20,645	39,325	25	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	20	10	15	65	35	30	741,390	268,705	472,685	85	25	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	10	15	55	35	20	697,775	259,725	438,045	75	25	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	40	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	15	20	0	60	45	20	665,365	588,950	76,415	55	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	10	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	30	20	15	152,450	121,715	30,735	30	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	15	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15	0	15	45	10	35	387,725	74,730	312,995	50	0	45
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	45	10	35	352,905	58,735	294,170	40	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	15	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	175	75	100	350	155	195	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	395	190	205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	45	50	115	40	70	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	25	25	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	80	30	55	235	115	125	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	365	165	200
Location of study inside Canada	80	25	50	175	80	95	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	290	125	160
Same as province or territory of residence	80	25	50	160	75	90	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	245	110	135
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	15	10	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	50	15	30
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	10	0	0	65	30	30	414,490	209,160	205,330	75	40	40
Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15	81,780	40,955	40,820	25	15	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	45	20	25
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	35	20	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10	96,865	43,055	53,805	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	310	140	170	555	225	330	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	650	315	330
In the labour force	185	90	95	330	140	195	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	415	185	225
Employed	160	75	85	255	115	140	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	385	180	200
Unemployed	25	15	10	70	20	55	335,015	176,245	158,775	25	0	20
Not in the labour force	125	45	80	220	85	135	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	235	130	105
Participation rate	59.7	64.3	55.9	59.5	62.2	59.1	64.1	67.4	60.9	63.8	58.7	68.2
Employment rate	51.6	53.6	50.0	45.9	51.1	42.4	59.3	62.3	56.3	59.2	57.1	60.6
Unemployment rate	13.5	16.7	10.5	21.2	14.3	28.2	7.6	7.7	7.4	6.0	0.0	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	310	135	170	555	225	330	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	645	315	330
Did not work¹⁸⁶	130	45	80	240	80	160	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	210	110	100
Worked	185	90	95	315	150	170	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	440	205	230
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	55	55	170	80	90	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	250	120	130
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	75	40	40	140	70	75	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	185	80	105
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	42.4	43.6	41.6	41.6	41.6	41.3	41.7	40.8	40.1	40.2	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	185	90	95	330	135	195	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	410	185	225
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	20	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	180	85	90	310	135	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	410	185	225
Employee	165	70	90	285	125	160	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	335	150	185
Permanent position	155	70	85	245	110	130	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	260	115	140
Temporary position	0	0	0	45	15	30	623,510	296,655	326,850	80	35	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	15	10	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	25	0	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	0	0	0	30	0	25	405,605	202,450	203,155	55	30	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	10	10	0	25	15	10	530,720	324,555	206,165	75	35	40
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	185	90	95	330	135	195	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	410	185	225
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	20	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	180	85	90	310	135	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	410	185	225
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	15	25	75	30	45	778,905	256,150	522,760	85	50	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	30	15	10	360,495	272,510	87,985	35	30	0
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	15	0	15	359,665	70,075	289,590	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	45	0	45	558,725	166,020	392,700	95	25	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	30	15	10
6 Sales and service occupations	60	25	35	75	45	30	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	65	30	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	0	40	30	10	702,290	645,355	56,935	25	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	10	15	0	15	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	185	90	95	330	135	195	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	410	185	225
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	0	20	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	180	85	90	310	135	170	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	410	185	225
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	20	15	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	20	10	40	20	25	449,115	320,715	128,405	25	15	10
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	25	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	30	15	15	514,090	248,905	265,185	30	25	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	10	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	15	10	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	25	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	30	10	20	20	10	10	169,985	74,020	95,960	25	15	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	0	25	10	15	345,345	193,365	151,985	70	50	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	35	30	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	10	0
61 Educational services	0	0	0	25	10	20	340,885	104,300	236,590	75	15	60
62 Health care and social assistance	40	10	30	40	0	40	617,200	122,675	494,525	60	0	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	0	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	25	10	15	290,765	144,705	146,055	15	10	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	195	100	95	340	160	180	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	460	225	240
English	0	0	0	50	35	15	350,525	195,385	155,145	145	70	75
French	110	60	55	165	70	95	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	70	30	35
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	65	35	30	105	45	60	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	230	115	115
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	15	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	15	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	195	100	95	340	160	180	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	460	225	240
Single responses	155	90	65	305	145	160	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	420	200	220
Official languages	155	90	65	295	145	155	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	420	200	220
English	10	0	0	65	45	25	668,485	365,785	302,695	260	120	140
French	140	85	60	230	100	130	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	155	80	75
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	10	30	35	15	25	269,365	142,370	126,995	40	25	20
English and French	30	10	20	35	15	25	249,945	132,640	117,300	40	25	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	195	100	95	340	160	180	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	460	225	240
None	150	70	85	260	115	140	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	255	130	130
English	25	20	0	45	25	30	720,960	391,075	329,885	80	45	40
French	10	0	0	15	10	10	302,145	161,340	140,805	110	50	60
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	160	80	85	260	120	140	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	390	185	200
Worked at home	20	15	10	55	25	35	897,770	435,285	462,480	190	90	105
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	0	30	10	20	442,035	333,730	108,305	20	15	0
Usual place of work	115	45	70	170	80	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	175	85	90
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	120	45	75	170	80	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	170	85	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	95	40	55	135	65	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	130	65	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	0	15	25	15	10	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	140	65	75	200	95	105	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	195	100	95
Car, truck or van	120	60	55	160	85	80	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	150	75	70
Car, truck or van - as a driver	120	60	55	145	80	65	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	145	75	70
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	20	0	10	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	20	0	20	35	10	25	287,345	120,460	166,885	20	15	10
Walked	0	0	0	0	0	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	10	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	140	65	75	200	95	105	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	195	100	95
Less than 15 minutes	15	0	10	10	0	10	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	45	20	25
15 to 29 minutes	65	40	25	75	35	45	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	85	45	40
30 to 44 minutes	30	10	20	60	35	30	635,870	363,430	272,445	50	25	20
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	10	35	10	30	235,140	133,720	101,425	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	0	15	10	10	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	140	65	75	200	95	105	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	195	100	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	15	15	10	10	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	15	25	65	25	40	569,745	368,480	201,265	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	10	15	40	20	20	935,640	441,465	494,170	40	20	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	15	30	20	15	626,895	259,220	367,675	65	40	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	20	0	15	330,930	142,495	188,435	50	20	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	15	10	35	15	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	30	15	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	85	35	50	140	60	80	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	145	85	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	5	15	40	20	20	303,835	156,030	147,805	85	45	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	30	100	45	60	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	65	35	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	25	40	100	45	60	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	110	65	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	35	10	20	230,080	118,075	112,005	70	40	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	20	5	15	175,305	90,000	85,305	45	25	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	5	54,775	28,070	26,700	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	15	25	70	30	40	992,895	508,315	484,580	45	25	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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