Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662772More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661370More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661272More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	607	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	614	...	...	858	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	258	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	327	...	...	605	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	248	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	298	...	...	499	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17,905.6	...	...	6.5	...	...	19,616.6	...	...	23,966.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	605	300	310	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	610	300	315	860	480	380
0 to 14 years	115	50	65	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	105	50	55	15	10	5
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	422,980	217,145	205,840	35	20	20	5	5	0
5 to 9 years	35	15	20	478,955	245,295	233,665	40	20	20	5	5	0
10 to 14 years	45	15	25	489,425	250,855	238,570	30	10	15	0	0	0
15 to 64 years	395	205	190	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	455	225	230	625	345	280
15 to 19 years	40	20	20	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	15	15	15	5	10
20 to 24 years	40	25	15	460,660	235,250	225,405	65	35	30	145	70	80
25 to 29 years	40	15	20	527,150	266,455	260,700	65	30	30	140	75	60
30 to 34 years	35	25	10	536,040	267,770	268,270	70	35	40	80	50	30
35 to 39 years	35	20	20	550,425	274,350	276,075	70	35	35	45	25	15
40 to 44 years	45	25	25	572,565	286,405	286,160	45	25	25	35	20	15
45 to 49 years	25	10	20	516,465	259,565	256,905	45	20	30	45	35	15
50 to 54 years	45	20	30	522,935	262,610	260,325	25	15	15	30	20	10
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	615,690	307,230	308,465	20	15	10	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	45	25	20	625,610	307,710	317,900	20	10	10	50	30	20
65 years and over	95	40	55	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	55	25	30	215	125	90
65 to 69 years	20	10	10	541,970	264,020	277,950	15	5	10	50	40	10
70 to 74 years	30	10	15	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	5	10	45	30	15
75 to 79 years	30	15	15	330,840	153,790	177,050	10	5	5	50	25	20
80 to 84 years	10	0	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	5	0	5	45	15	25
85 years and over	10	5	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	5	5	0	30	15	20
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	5	0	20	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0	10	5	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	16.7	21.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	17.2	16.7	17.5	1.7	2.1	1.3
15 to 64 years	65.3	68.3	61.3	63.0	63.9	62.1	74.6	75.0	73.0	72.7	71.9	73.7
65 years and over	15.7	13.3	17.7	20.6	19.1	22.1	9.0	8.3	9.5	25.0	26.0	23.7
85 years and over	1.7	1.7	1.6	2.5	1.8	3.2	0.8	1.7	0.0	3.5	3.1	5.3
Average age of the population	39.4	38.8	40.0	42.8	41.8	43.7	35.0	34.8	35.2	45.5	45.8	45.1
Median age of the population	38.4	37.6	39.6	43.2	42.0	44.0	33.2	32.4	33.2	38.4	42.0	35.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	300	...	...	500	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	271,245	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	255	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...	355	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	250	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
1 person	85	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	120	...	...	355	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	95	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	480,135	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	427,605	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	605	300	310	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	615	295	315	685	385	300
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...	1.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	495	245	245	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	510	245	265	840	470	375
Married or living common-law	210	105	100	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	225	115	110	220	115	110
Married	165	85	85	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	115	60	55	120	60	55
Living common-law	40	20	20	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	105	55	55	105	50	50
Living common law - Never married	30	15	15	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	100	50	50	90	45	50
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	0	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	0	5	20	10	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	280	145	140	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	285	135	155	620	355	260
Not married and not living common law - Never married	200	110	85	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	245	120	125	520	320	200
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	10	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	0	10	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	15	25	494,210	197,455	296,755	30	10	20	60	25	30
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	10	20	380,100	89,515	290,580	5	0	10	30	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	150	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	75	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	454,980	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	412,850	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	135	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	110	...	...	85	...	...
Married couples	75	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	55	...	...	30	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	502,020	...	...	40	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	609,605	...	...	15	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	828,005	...	...	50	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	426,120	...	...	35	...	...	50	...	...
Total one-parent families	50	...	...	383,775	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	45	...	...	284,025	...	...	20	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	605	300	310	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	615	295	315	685	380	305
Total - Persons in census families	470	215	255	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	395	190	200	205	105	100
Married spouses or common-law partners	190	95	100	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	220	110	110	170	85	85
Parents in one-parent families	55	5	45	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	5	20	10	5	5
Children⁶	225	115	115	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	150	70	75	25	15	10
In a two-parent family	140	70	70	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	110	60	50	20	10	5
In a one-parent family	85	40	45	585,820	317,400	268,415	35	10	25	10	5	5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	140	80	55	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	225	110	110	480	275	200
Living alone	85	45	35	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	120	55	70	360	215	145
Living with other relatives⁷	30	15	10	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	10	25	10	20
Living with non-relatives only	30	25	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	85	50	40	95	55	45
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	250	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	300	...	...	500	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	135	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	130	...	...	85	...	...
Couple-family households	85	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	105	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	851,835	...	...	55	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	982,260	...	...	50	...	...	65	...	...
One-parent-family households	50	...	...	331,395	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	139,280	...	...	40	...	...	50	...	...
One-person households	85	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	120	...	...	360	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	490	245	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	510	250	260	670	370	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	235	225	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	495	240	255	635	350	285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	29,000	28,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	37,200	36,800	37,200	28,000	30,200	27,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	235	225	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	495	240	255	635	350	285
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	26,600	28,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	33,200	32,800	35,600	26,600	27,000	25,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	195	175	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	460	225	235	550	295	250
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	20,800	23,200	19,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	30,200	31,200	28,000	21,600	26,000	19,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	305	160	145	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	410	200	210	465	245	210
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	26,400	24,200	36,000	40,400	31,600	31,600	32,800	31,000	20,400	27,000	14,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	440	220	225	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	415	185	230	550	300	250
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	10,100	15,000	11,500	10,200	12,300	8,800	7,950	10,000	6,400	5,640	7,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	30	40	837,635	441,080	396,550	65	25	40	60	30	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,000	5,520	5,520	5,600	6,000	3,480	6,280	5,520	5,800	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	90	75	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	205	105	105	235	120	115
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	9,200	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	495	225	270	660	395	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	420	210	205	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	465	215	255	620	375	245
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	34,400	32,800	51,160	57,550	44,960	47,400	54,000	42,000	40,400	39,600	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	420	210	205	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	465	215	255	620	375	245
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,300	30,200	30,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	39,600	42,800	36,800	33,400	33,800	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	190	160	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	430	195	235	530	305	225
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	22,400	25,000	19,400	45,480	52,900	38,000	39,800	49,200	32,000	37,000	37,200	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	275	150	125	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	375	170	205	455	255	200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	28,000	21,600	46,240	51,950	40,040	40,400	52,000	30,800	34,400	37,600	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	200	200	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	415	175	240	540	320	225
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,400	12,800	18,000	12,410	11,500	13,220	11,880	9,900	13,400	10,280	11,200	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	35	40	837,180	441,665	395,515	65	0	55	70	40	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	3,600	6,800	7,040	6,380	7,780	8,400	...	10,000	7,400	8,500	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	185	105	80	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	235	90	135	235	150	85
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,200	8,800	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,700	10,800	7,400	10,500	10,400	10,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	490	225	265	665	395	265
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	105	65	45	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	120	75	45	165	85	75
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	35,600	42,800	31,800	58,400	62,800	53,600	69,000	84,000	65,000	61,600	72,000	56,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	38,500	44,000	32,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	80,000	92,000	66,000	68,000	77,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	50	40	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	210	80	125	240	150	90
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	19,600	23,000	18,600	21,400	16,600	13,300	13,300	12,700	10,800	11,700	9,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	21,000	19,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	21,800	23,200	21,200	16,200	17,200	14,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	56.0	65.0	47.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	77.5	84.0	70.0	77.5	76.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	49.0	56.0	40.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	68.0	76.0	59.0	62.0	64.0	59.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	44.0	35.0	53.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	22.4	15.4	29.6	22.4	24.0	20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	1.6	3.6	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.4	x	4.8	2.0	2.4	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	14.5	16.0	13.0	5.4	4.8	6.1	9.7	9.2	10.4	10.6	11.4	9.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	12.8	14.8	10.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	9.2	8.8	9.6	10.0	10.4	8.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	495	245	245	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	245	265	670	370	300
Without total income	30	15	20	179,955	87,650	92,310	15	10	10	35	25	15
With total income	460	235	225	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	495	240	255	630	350	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	20	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	45	25	25	95	55	40
$10,000 to $19,999	80	40	40	809,375	334,315	475,065	60	25	35	100	50	50
$20,000 to $29,999	120	65	55	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	90	50	40	135	65	75
$30,000 to $39,999	70	35	30	896,520	414,070	482,445	60	25	35	85	40	45
$40,000 to $49,999	75	30	40	849,005	411,680	437,325	55	20	30	55	40	15
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	15	687,020	345,720	341,305	35	20	15	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	35	15	20	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	367,455	208,475	158,980	30	15	10	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	284,690	158,760	125,930	15	10	10	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	20	10	10	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	30	15	40	30	10
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	385,890	245,635	140,260	30	15	10	25	15	10
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	15	15	0	20	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	495	245	245	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	245	265	670	370	300
Without after-tax income	30	15	20	177,960	86,610	91,355	15	10	10	35	25	15
With after-tax income	460	235	225	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	495	240	255	630	350	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	25	495,035	214,000	281,030	45	25	25	95	55	40
$10,000 to $19,999	85	40	40	853,250	356,480	496,765	65	30	35	105	55	50
$20,000 to $29,999	135	75	60	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	105	50	55	145	70	75
$30,000 to $39,999	85	45	45	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	65	30	35	100	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	70	35	35	55	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	691,015	372,870	318,145	45	20	25	50	30	20
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	459,665	251,490	208,170	30	10	20	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	292,135	160,985	131,150	25	15	15	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	5	5	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	0	15	5	5
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	25	20	5	20	15	10
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	10	10	0	10	0	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	15	10	0	15	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	495	245	245	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	245	265	670	370	300
Without employment income	180	80	100	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	100	45	55	210	125	85
With employment income	310	165	145	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	410	205	205	460	250	215
Under $5,000 (including loss)	60	30	25	644,075	331,770	312,300	55	35	30	80	35	40
$5,000 to $9,999	40	15	20	401,185	180,585	220,595	50	20	30	75	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	20	603,350	273,725	329,620	55	25	30	75	35	35
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	30	495,105	228,670	266,435	30	15	15	45	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	40	25	20	488,000	239,620	248,380	40	20	25	30	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	35	20	15	485,845	242,230	243,610	35	15	25	25	25	5
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	403,980	217,425	186,560	25	15	10	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	320,700	184,770	135,935	25	10	20	25	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	10	5	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	20	10	5	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	15	10	5	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	422,055	285,910	136,145	35	30	10	35	20	10
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	10	0	10	5	10
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	15	5	20	20	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	490	245	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	510	250	260	670	370	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	225	225	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	470	230	245	615	335	275
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,600	24,400	26,200	38,400	43,200	34,000	31,400	29,400	33,600	22,400	23,800	21,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	225	225	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	470	230	245	615	335	275
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,200	23,600	25,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	29,200	27,000	31,200	22,200	23,200	21,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	195	170	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	430	210	225	540	295	250
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,400	23,400	22,800	34,800	40,400	29,200	30,000	30,000	30,000	22,600	24,800	18,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	310	165	140	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	395	195	200	440	235	205
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	23,600	25,800	36,400	41,200	31,800	30,000	29,600	30,000	21,600	23,800	19,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	205	205	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	380	170	205	485	255	225
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	3,440	10,800	7,800	5,640	9,100	2,000	1,450	2,620	1,390	1,440	1,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	20	25	727,165	390,255	336,910	40	15	25	20	15	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,320	4,880	3,080	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,120	x	5,520	4,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	495	225	270	660	395	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	195	200	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	455	200	250	600	355	240
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	31,200	28,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	45,600	52,000	40,800	37,600	36,000	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	400	195	200	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	455	200	250	600	355	240
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	28,000	27,400	39,600	44,000	35,320	37,800	41,200	35,200	31,300	30,300	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	340	180	165	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	400	165	235	520	290	230
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,100	27,400	20,600	45,920	53,800	37,920	45,600	59,200	36,000	38,200	38,000	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	285	155	130	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	350	145	210	415	225	190
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,800	26,400	22,800	46,240	52,450	39,520	45,000	60,000	34,000	38,200	43,600	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	185	195	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	355	150	210	480	275	205
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,760	6,900	12,600	9,450	8,430	10,320	6,360	4,300	7,800	5,160	5,960	4,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	0	15	727,815	390,880	336,935	55	0	45	25	25	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	...	1,800	7,020	5,975	8,230	5,200	...	4,800	6,000	6,000	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	490	225	265	665	395	265
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	110	70	45	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	115	70	45	160	90	70
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	30,200	32,000	28,200	54,800	60,000	49,200	76,500	78,500	66,500	62,000	69,000	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	33,000	36,000	30,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	76,000	88,000	58,000	62,400	71,000	50,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	85	40	40	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	185	70	120	210	130	80
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	20,600	21,200	23,600	27,200	21,000	25,200	33,600	21,400	22,400	25,400	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	28,000	21,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	32,000	37,000	29,200	24,800	24,800	24,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	69.0	79.0	58.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	89.0	94.0	84.0	89.0	88.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	59.0	68.0	50.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	77.0	84.0	68.0	70.0	76.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)	31.2	20.8	42.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	11.1	6.2	16.0	11.0	12.8	8.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	x	0.5	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.4	x	2.0	0.7	1.2	...
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	250	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	68,500	...	...	36,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	60,000	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	85	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	120	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,400	...	...	38,800	...	...	44,800	...	...	29,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	38,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	165	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	180	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	50,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	75,200	...	...	62,400	...	...	41,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	125	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	64,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	39,640	...	...	52,000	...	...	34,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	175	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	70,000	...	...	59,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	35,920	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	218,185	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	144,420	...	...	20	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	143,285	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	174,790	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	166,990	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	310,880	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	280,505	...	...	35	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	255,770	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	235,235	...	...	20	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	80	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	414,805	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	307,835	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	239,060	...	...	20	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	245	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	177,135	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	180,150	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	210,280	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	193,530	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	356,325	...	...	35	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	322,530	...	...	35	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	892,775	...	...	55	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	387,835	...	...	25	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	225,830	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	150	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	140	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	67,000	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	907,765	...	...	60	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.5	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	368,845	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	69,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	68,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	110	70	40	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	210	100	105	455	270	185
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,000	26,800	28,400	36,800	39,200	34,800	35,200	36,400	33,600	26,200	26,200	26,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,000	25,200	28,400	33,200	34,800	31,600	31,600	32,400	30,400	24,800	24,800	24,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	140	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	145	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	73,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	992,110	...	...	60	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	84,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	68,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	909,160	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	104,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	88,000	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	367,155	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	72,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	125	85	35	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	195	85	115	440	270	170
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	32,500	32,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	48,400	60,000	40,000	36,400	38,000	34,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	29,200	28,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	40,000	48,000	34,000	31,500	32,800	29,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	605	300	305	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	610	300	320	685	385	300
0 to 17 years	140	65	75	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	120	55	60	20	20	5
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	515,725	264,785	250,935	50	20	20	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	365	190	175	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	445	220	225	565	310	255
65 years and over	95	40	55	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	55	25	30	100	60	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	65	65	992,235	463,295	528,940	110	55	55	260	150	110
0 to 17 years	35	10	20	159,530	82,000	77,530	15	5	10	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	53,105	27,240	25,870	10	5	5	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	75	40	35	515,470	256,435	259,035	90	45	45	215	115	95
65 years and over	25	10	15	317,235	124,865	192,370	5	0	0	40	30	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.6	21.0	22.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	17.6	18.0	17.5	38.0	38.5	37.5
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	20.0	26.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	14.0	16.0	12.0	30.0	30.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0	20.0	30.0	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	22.0	18.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	19.6	20.0	19.5	37.6	37.5	37.5
65 years and over (%)	26.0	20.0	28.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	12.0	x	12.0	42.0	48.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	605	300	310	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	615	295	315	685	380	305
0 to 17 years	145	65	80	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	115	55	65	20	15	5
0 to 5 years	45	20	20	511,400	262,535	248,860	45	25	25	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	370	195	180	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	445	220	225	570	315	260
65 years and over	95	45	55	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	55	20	35	95	55	40
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	30	30	439,850	223,055	216,795	85	50	35	225	130	95
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	5	5	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	15	313,970	167,015	146,955	75	40	30	190	105	85
65 years and over	5	5	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0	35	20	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.4	10.0	10.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	13.6	16.0	11.0	32.8	34.5	31.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	10.0	12.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	6.0	x	8.0	20.0	25.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x	x	x	...
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	12.0	9.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	16.5	20.0	13.0	33.6	34.0	32.5
65 years and over (%)	8.0	x	12.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x	32.0	40.0	24.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	605	300	310	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	610	300	315	685	385	300
In bottom half of the distribution	510	260	250	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	395	190	210	530	295	235
In bottom decile	105	60	45	851,840	407,705	444,140	110	55	45	255	150	105
In second decile	130	65	65	920,490	434,730	485,760	70	25	45	105	50	55
In third decile	130	70	60	969,255	471,650	497,600	65	30	35	70	35	30
In fourth decile	85	40	45	978,345	482,760	495,590	90	40	45	50	35	20
In fifth decile	60	25	35	947,090	473,285	473,810	65	30	35	50	25	20
In top half of the distribution	100	45	50	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	220	110	110	155	90	65
In sixth decile	45	20	25	899,660	454,970	444,690	55	25	30	50	35	15
In seventh decile	20	10	10	837,225	425,400	411,830	40	20	25	45	25	20
In eighth decile	20	10	10	752,410	383,450	368,955	45	25	25	10	10	5
In ninth decile	0	0	0	634,425	325,700	308,730	40	20	15	10	10	0
In top decile	0	0	0	517,725	267,160	250,565	35	20	20	40	15	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	605	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	615	...	...	685	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.246	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.348	...	...	0.454	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.452	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.480	...	...	0.574	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.221	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.300	...	...	0.396	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.5	...	...	7.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	305
English only	10	10	5	445,575	228,840	216,735	85	55	35	230	135	100
French only	330	145	180	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	75	40	40	50	35	20
English and French	240	135	105	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	430	200	225	400	215	180
Neither English nor French	20	15	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	25	10	10	10	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	305
English	65	30	35	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	215	110	105	355	195	160
French	480	235	250	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	340	165	185	280	165	110
English and French	35	20	15	329,515	169,050	160,465	40	20	20	55	25	30
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	20	10	10	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	305
Single responses	570	280	290	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	575	285	295	630	345	285
Official languages	285	150	140	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	420	200	215	355	205	155
English	20	10	10	639,365	323,170	316,195	125	65	60	135	65	65
French	265	135	130	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	300	140	160	225	135	90
Non-official languages	285	135	150	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	155	85	75	275	145	130
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	285	135	150	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	155	85	75	275	140	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	233,220	122,895	110,320	5	5	5	45	35	10
Berber languages	10	5	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	204,600	107,735	96,865	5	0	0	45	35	10
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	20	198,785	104,765	94,020	5	0	0	40	30	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	37,425	17,185	20,240	5	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	5	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	30	40	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	20	25	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	20	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	55	65	595,790	290,670	305,115	130	65	60	165	80	80
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	10	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	5	10	10	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	40	25	15	10	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	40	25	15	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	5	0	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	30	15	15	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	20	10	10	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	5	5	0	65	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	5	5	0	30	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0	30	15	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0	25	15	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	60	346,000	167,870	178,130	55	25	35	65	30	40
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	25	30	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	0	5	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	5	5	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	40	15	20	177,155	86,490	90,660	40	15	25	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	10	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	5	25	15	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	5	25	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0	15	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	5	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	35	15	25	60	40	20
English and French	0	0	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	25	10	15	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	5	5	25	25	0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	94,205	46,880	47,320	5	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	305
English	40	15	20	623,305	313,780	309,520	120	60	55	175	90	90
French	220	115	100	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	240	110	130	195	115	80
Non-official language	85	40	45	366,730	177,410	189,315	50	30	25	45	25	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	45	343,650	165,830	177,825	50	30	25	45	25	20
English and French	25	15	10	497,380	256,735	240,645	85	40	40	65	45	20
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	205,755	102,290	103,470	45	20	25	130	70	60
French and non-official language(s)	185	85	100	375,795	179,585	196,210	35	15	20	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	284,940	141,275	143,665	35	20	20	55	30	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	305
Single responses	535	265	275	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	555	275	285	640	365	275
Official languages	380	190	185	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	470	230	245	510	295	215
English	50	20	30	874,185	438,570	435,615	170	85	85	265	150	120
French	325	170	155	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	295	145	155	245	145	100
Non-official languages	160	70	90	662,615	322,860	339,750	90	50	40	130	70	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	70	90	628,365	305,820	322,555	90	50	40	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	20	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30	336,635	164,100	172,535	80	40	40	80	45	35
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	945	445	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	30	15	15	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	30	15	15	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	30	15	15	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	10	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	5	5	0	35	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	5	5	0	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0	25	15	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0	25	15	5
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0	25	15	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	25	182,585	88,060	94,525	25	10	15	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15	26,290	11,205	15,085	5	0	0	15	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	10	112,915	55,870	57,050	20	5	10	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	930	410	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	5	10	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	35	30	357,245	176,070	181,175	55	25	35	50	25	25
English and French	5	5	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	30	15	15	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	20	5	10	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	116,595	56,445	60,150	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	5	0	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	605	300	310	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	615	295	315	690	385	300
None	400	200	200	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	455	230	230	455	250	210
English	30	15	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	45	20	20	80	50	35
French	65	30	40	259,425	127,380	132,040	40	15	25	30	25	5
Non-official language	85	40	40	269,715	129,830	139,890	40	15	25	60	35	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	40	264,405	127,330	137,070	40	15	25	60	35	25
English and French	5	5	0	61,955	31,425	30,525	0	0	0	20	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	5	5	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	5	5	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	5	0	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	590	280	310	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	605	275	330	660	395	265
Official languages	570	275	300	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	600	270	325	660	395	265
English	260	135	125	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	530	255	275	615	360	255
French	570	275	300	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	445	180	265	440	275	175
Non-official languages	400	170	225	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	250	135	120	370	215	155
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	170	225	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	250	135	120	365	210	155
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	385,210	201,105	184,100	15	10	0	105	95	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	35	363,875	190,005	173,870	15	10	0	105	95	15
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	40	20	343,675	179,750	163,930	0	0	0	100	85	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	55	90	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	135	55	85	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	15	30	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	85	105	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	185	95	90	200	105	90
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	10	0	10	30	20	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	10	0	10	30	20	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0	20	10	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	90	55	40	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	90	55	40	15	10	10
German	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	85	40	40	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0	50	40	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0	40	35	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0	30	20	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	80	95	684,830	324,095	360,735	70	35	40	105	40	60
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	30	45	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0	25	10	10
Portuguese	25	10	15	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0	15	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	80	45	35	453,905	210,400	243,505	65	25	40	90	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0	15	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	590	280	310	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	280	330	660	395	270
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0	15	10	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	585	280	310	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	600	270	330	645	385	260
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	590	280	310	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	280	330	660	395	270
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	590	280	310	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	610	280	330	655	390	270
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Owner	50	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	85	...	...	35	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	215	...	...	460	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	515,590	...	...	30	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	200	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	275	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	623,295	...	...	120	...	...	320	...	...
2 bedrooms	70	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	110	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	125	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	60	...	...	0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	130	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	155	...	...	460	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	645,635	...	...	85	...	...	10	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	435,225	...	...	30	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	403,225	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	886,180	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	220	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	290	...	...	485	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Suitable	200	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	275	...	...	460	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	142,775	...	...	25	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
1960 or before	45	...	...	879,375	...	...	200	...	...	140	...	...
1961 to 1980	165	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	60	...	...	295	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	509,120	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	385,315	...	...	10	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	220	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	270	...	...	410	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	236,110	...	...	25	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
One-maintainer household	160	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	170	...	...	395	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	115	...	...	95	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	20	...	...	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	35	...	...	525,540	...	...	90	...	...	170	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	647,165	...	...	75	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	628,630	...	...	50	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	760,395	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	629,965	...	...	25	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	336,170	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	103,640	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	240	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	290	...	...	485	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	165	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	195	...	...	275	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	595,690	...	...	95	...	...	205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	542,060	...	...	85	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	240	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	295	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	901,440	...	...	125	...	...	260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	65	...	...	537,090	...	...	85	...	...	145	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	112,775	...	...	15	...	...	15	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	179,840	...	...	15	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	120	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	170	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	235	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	275	...	...	440	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...	90	...	...
Not in core need	205	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	255	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	85	...	...	35	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.0	...	...	62.2	...	...	64.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	60.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	29.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,840	...	...	1,300	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	556,000	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	520,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	730,000	...	...	950,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	190	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	215	...	...	465	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	4.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.1	...	...	25.2	...	...	33.3	...	...	46.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.5	...	...	11.9	...	...	10.0	...	...	22.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...	1,070	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	886	...	...	1,160	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	590	285	305	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	275	335	665	395	265
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	10	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	10	10	0	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	10	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	10	10	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	570	270	305	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	595	265	335	645	385	265
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	590	285	305	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	275	330	665	395	265
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	465	240	225	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	505	225	285	425	255	170
Canadian citizens aged under 18	145	75	70	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	120	55	60	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	320	165	150	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	395	165	225	420	250	170
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	40	80	518,265	264,490	253,775	95	55	45	240	140	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	590	285	305	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	275	330	665	395	265
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	290	170	125	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	435	180	255	255	150	105
Immigrants⁸¹	220	95	135	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	140	80	60	240	150	95
Before 1980	45	15	30	187,200	91,895	95,300	30	25	10	25	0	20
1980 to 1990	15	10	10	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	10	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	30	20	10	190,495	91,635	98,860	15	0	15	40	30	10
2001 to 2010	60	30	25	312,210	150,825	161,390	30	20	10	95	60	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	20	55	396,090	192,745	203,340	55	30	30	85	50	35
2011 to 2015	60	15	40	193,345	93,485	99,855	10	10	0	30	20	10
2016 to 2021	20	0	10	202,740	99,260	103,480	45	20	20	50	30	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	25	50	205,770	113,500	92,275	35	15	15	165	100	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	225	90	130	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	140	75	60	240	150	95
Under 5 years	0	0	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	15	15	0	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	60	20	45	201,385	101,555	99,835	0	0	0	55	25	30
15 to 24 years	35	20	15	213,035	96,175	116,860	50	20	25	50	35	20
25 to 44 years	105	40	65	594,845	292,975	301,875	70	35	30	100	65	40
45 years and over	15	0	10	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0	30	25	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	225	90	130	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	140	75	60	240	150	95
Americas	130	55	75	264,885	121,740	143,145	50	20	30	35	25	0
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	90	35	60	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	24,945	12,195	12,745	20	15	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	15	30	309,015	154,110	154,910	40	25	20	80	35	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	40	15	30	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0	20	0	20
Africa	35	15	25	302,010	153,655	148,355	10	0	0	40	30	15
Algeria	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	15	68,865	34,810	34,060	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	15	0	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	35	25	10	85	60	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	10	10	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0	25	0	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0	15	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	0	10	202,740	99,265	103,480	40	25	20	50	30	25
Americas	15	0	10	30,910	14,985	15,920	10	0	0	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	25	15	10	25	25	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	590	280	310	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	610	275	330	660	395	265
First generation¹⁰⁰	300	120	180	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	200	100	100	420	255	170
Second generation¹⁰¹	180	90	90	883,485	446,000	437,490	175	85	95	60	35	30
Third generation or more¹⁰²	110	70	35	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	230	85	140	180	115	70
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	180	75	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	110	55	55	220	140	75
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	40	25	10	559,935	290,040	269,895	55	25	35	145	85	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	20	0	267,870	161,125	106,740	30	10	20	85	55	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	15	10	0	292,070	128,915	163,155	30	10	20	60	30	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	30	50	272,255	109,735	162,515	45	30	15	40	30	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	20	25	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0	30	20	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	15	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	180	75	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	110	55	55	220	140	75
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	10	30	89,850	47,360	42,495	10	0	0	10	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	0	0	0	15	15	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	15	0	10	30	30	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	20	0	20	55	30	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	135	60	70	756,120	358,700	397,420	55	40	20	105	60	45
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	590	280	310	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	275	330	660	395	270
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	365	165	200	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	110	55	55	290	175	115
South Asian	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0	30	30	0
Chinese	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0	40	15	25
Black	260	100	160	422,405	206,335	216,070	25	0	15	40	25	20
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	45	25	20	280,075	146,990	133,085	0	0	0	75	60	15
Latin American	45	30	15	172,925	85,035	87,880	20	10	10	40	15	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	10	0	10	10	0	10
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0	15	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0	15	15	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	225	120	110	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	500	225	275	375	220	155
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	590	280	305	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	605	275	330	660	395	265
Canadian	35	25	15	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	55	25	30	40	30	10
English	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	80	45	35	45	15	35
Irish	15	10	0	404,190	193,440	210,745	80	35	45	65	25	40
Scottish	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	45	15	30	35	15	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20	15	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	150	65	85	115	80	30
German	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	10	10	0	20	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0	40	20	30
Italian	85	40	45	316,315	157,600	158,720	20	0	15	10	10	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	20	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	10	10	0	15	10	0
Québécois	35	25	10	931,940	465,630	466,305	50	15	35	10	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	15	10	0	15	15	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	15	10	0	20	0	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	30	15	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	50	25	25	15	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	15	10	0	15	15	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	15	0	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	25	10	10	46,600	22,380	24,230	45	30	15	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	25	10	20	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	20	0	10	15	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	50	20	30	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	45	25	25	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	10	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	10	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0	30	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	15	15	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0	20	20	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian	150	65	85	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	15	0	10	25	10	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0	25	20	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	0	20	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	10	0	0	30	10	15
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	10	20	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	20	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	590	280	310	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	275	330	660	395	270
Buddhist	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	375	170	205	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	160	85	75	285	150	140
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	10	15	464,020	229,155	234,860	10	0	0	45	35	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	15	0	10	15	0	10
Baptist	20	0	20	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	235	120	110	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	100	50	50	135	60	75
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	10	0	0	45	25	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	15	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0	20	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0	10	10	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	15	35	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	100	55	50	0	0	0
Muslim	60	25	35	421,710	218,255	203,455	25	0	20	85	55	30
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	140	80	70	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	315	135	180	245	160	90
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	585	280	305	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	605	275	330	665	395	265
Non-movers	575	280	300	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	400	175	225	445	290	155
Movers	10	0	10	945,290	466,750	478,540	205	105	105	220	105	110
Non-migrants	10	0	10	543,670	268,740	274,925	170	80	90	115	75	45
Migrants	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	30	20	15	100	35	70
Internal migrants	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	10	0	10	65	20	45
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0	55	15	40
External migrants	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	25	20	0	35	15	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	535	245	280	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	560	245	310	660	395	265
Non-movers	290	140	150	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	245	95	145	210	140	70
Movers	245	110	130	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	315	150	165	455	255	195
Non-migrants	175	80	100	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	180	80	100	160	90	70
Migrants	65	30	35	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	135	70	65	290	170	130
Internal migrants	30	15	10	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	70	30	40	130	65	60
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	10	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	50	20	35	35	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	20	10	10	95	45	50
External migrants	35	10	25	320,090	166,115	153,975	65	40	20	170	105	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	490	225	270	665	400	265
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	175	75	100	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	60	40	25	45	35	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	260	140	115	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	430	190	245	620	360	255
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	280	135	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	365	175	190	415	255	160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	100	45	60	642,800	382,415	260,380	20	15	10	20	10	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	180	90	90	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	340	155	185	395	240	155
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	495	225	270	660	395	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	160	65	95	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	55	35	15	40	30	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	60	50	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	50	20	35	120	70	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	85	75	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	390	170	220	505	295	205
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	75	70	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	95	35	55	140	90	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	40	20	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	20	10	10	30	25	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	20	15	793,030	427,220	365,815	15	10	10	25	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	55	10	40	95	55	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	252,815	102,150	150,665	20	10	10	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	15	10	0	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	295	135	155	360	200	155
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	185	80	105	185	130	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	10	0	10	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0	15	0	10
Master's degree	0	0	0	360,795	174,150	186,645	95	55	40	90	35	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0	45	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	285	130	150	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	370	175	195	415	255	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	40	55	525,155	303,815	221,345	25	15	10	20	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	50	30	25	752,855	388,160	364,700	25	10	10	40	35	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	70	70	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	315	145	175	355	205	145
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	60	60	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	80	30	45	95	65	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	25	15	836,455	498,385	338,075	15	10	0	30	25	10
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	15	10	0	25	15	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	40	838,140	372,455	465,685	45	10	30	50	30	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	174,695	72,115	102,580	20	15	0	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	15	10	10	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	240	110	125	260	145	110
Bachelor's degree	15	0	10	802,755	343,100	459,650	165	75	90	135	100	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0	15	0	15
Master's degree	0	0	0	302,065	140,530	161,530	65	40	25	75	25	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	0	0	15	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	430	215	220	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	495	225	270	660	395	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	270	130	145	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	105	55	50	160	100	60
Education	15	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	35	10	25	20	0	20
13. Education	15	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	35	10	25	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	166,900	75,420	91,480	40	20	20	65	40	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	143,365	58,875	84,490	40	20	20	45	25	15
Humanities	0	0	0	228,770	90,810	137,960	30	20	10	50	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	10	0	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	10	10	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	10	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	430,845	142,280	288,570	90	30	60	70	30	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	30	15	15	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	79,155	6,625	72,535	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	15	10	0	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	10	0	10	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	20	15	0	45	20	20
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	950,820	357,290	593,535	55	30	30	70	30	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	15	0	10	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	20	894,690	344,770	549,925	40	20	15	70	30	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	10	0	60	20	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	10	10	0	30	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	15	15	0	45	35	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	15	15	0	30	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	20	0	866,885	778,835	88,060	45	30	15	95	85	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	15	0	10	15	15	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	15	0	65	65	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	10	0	10	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	25	515,215	101,455	413,760	45	10	35	15	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	25	470,150	78,875	391,275	40	10	35	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	10	0	10	20	20	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	0	10	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	280	130	145	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	365	175	190	410	255	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	145	65	80	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	50	25	20	60	45	15
Education	10	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10	15	0	15
13. Education	10	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	0	10	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	40	20	15	50	35	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	40	20	15	45	25	15
Humanities	0	0	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	25	20	0	25	15	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	10	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	334,475	103,635	230,840	90	30	50	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	35	10	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	10	0	0	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	10	0	10	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	20	10	10	25	10	20
Business, management and public administration	20	0	20	741,390	268,705	472,685	50	25	25	50	20	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	15	0	15	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	0	20	697,775	259,725	438,045	35	20	15	50	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	10	0	0	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	10	0	0	30	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	15	15	0	20	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	15	15	0	20	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	15	15	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	20	15	0	80	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	20	15	0	55	55	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	10	0	10	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	25	387,725	74,730	312,995	40	10	35	15	0	10
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	352,905	58,735	294,170	40	10	25	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	0	10	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	280	130	145	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	365	175	190	410	255	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145	65	80	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	50	25	20	60	45	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	140	65	70	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	320	150	170	355	210	145
Location of study inside Canada	100	50	50	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	235	100	135	210	120	90
Same as province or territory of residence	100	50	50	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	210	85	120	175	110	65
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	30	15	10	35	10	25
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	35	15	20	414,490	209,160	205,330	75	40	35	145	85	55
Americas	10	10	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	25	15	10	35	15	15
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	20	15	10	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	35	10	20	40	20	20
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	15	0	10	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0	15	0	15
Africa	10	0	10	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0	35	20	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	20	15	0	40	35	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	430	210	220	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	495	225	270	660	395	265
In the labour force	265	155	110	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	375	185	190	450	265	185
Employed	240	135	105	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	330	160	165	365	220	150
Unemployed	30	20	10	335,015	176,245	158,775	45	20	25	85	50	35
Not in the labour force	170	60	110	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	120	40	75	210	135	80
Participation rate	61.6	73.8	50.0	64.1	67.4	60.9	75.8	82.2	70.4	68.2	67.1	69.8
Employment rate	55.8	64.3	47.7	59.3	62.3	56.3	66.7	71.1	61.1	55.3	55.7	56.6
Unemployment rate	11.3	12.9	9.1	7.6	7.7	7.4	12.0	10.8	13.2	18.9	18.9	18.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	430	215	220	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	495	225	270	660	395	270
Did not work¹⁸⁶	215	95	120	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	135	40	95	205	105	95
Worked	220	120	95	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	360	185	175	460	285	175
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	120	65	55	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	135	90	50	180	105	80
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	95	55	45	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	225	100	130	280	185	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	41.6	40.8	41.3	41.7	40.8	34.6	36.8	32.4	35.1	35.0	35.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	265	155	110	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	375	185	195	450	265	185
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10	15	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	255	140	110	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	365	185	185	435	255	180
Employee	215	115	105	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	270	125	145	360	205	155
Permanent position	160	75	85	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	195	105	90	245	140	110
Temporary position	55	35	20	623,510	296,655	326,850	75	20	55	115	65	45
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	15	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	10	0	10	30	10	25
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	40	20	20	405,605	202,450	203,155	65	20	40	80	60	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	30	10	530,720	324,555	206,165	90	55	40	75	45	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	265	155	110	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	375	185	195	450	265	185
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10	15	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	255	140	110	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	365	185	185	435	255	180
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	10	10	0	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	778,905	256,150	522,760	55	30	20	40	25	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	360,495	272,510	87,985	40	25	20	70	50	20
3 Health occupations	35	0	25	359,665	70,075	289,590	35	0	30	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	15	558,725	166,020	392,700	55	25	25	90	35	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	80	30	45	80	55	25
6 Sales and service occupations	75	35	40	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	60	30	30	85	45	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	70	65	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	35	25	0	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	10	10	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	265	155	110	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	375	185	195	450	265	185
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	10	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	10	0	10	15	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	255	140	110	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	365	185	185	435	255	180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	10	0	0	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	15	449,115	320,715	128,405	15	15	0	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	30	20	15	514,090	248,905	265,185	40	15	25	25	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	15	10	0	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	50	30	25	50	50	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	15	10	0	25	15	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	345,345	193,365	151,985	45	15	30	110	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	35	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0	15	15	0
61 Educational services	10	0	10	340,885	104,300	236,590	50	20	30	60	25	40
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	617,200	122,675	494,525	45	15	30	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	25	15	10	15	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	10	0	10	30	15	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	25	15	0	30	15	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	275	155	115	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	395	185	205	485	305	180
English	0	0	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	105	60	45	225	155	70
French	200	115	90	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	120	40	80	90	50	40
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	55	35	20	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	150	80	70	160	100	60
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	275	155	115	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	395	185	205	485	305	180
Single responses	240	140	100	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	365	160	205	455	290	170
Official languages	240	140	100	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	355	150	205	455	290	170
English	20	10	10	668,485	365,785	302,695	180	85	90	305	205	100
French	220	130	90	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	175	65	110	150	85	65
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	10	10	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	269,365	142,370	126,995	25	25	0	30	15	10
English and French	15	10	10	249,945	132,640	117,300	25	25	0	30	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	275	155	115	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	395	185	205	485	305	180
None	230	130	100	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	250	130	125	345	220	125
English	15	15	0	720,960	391,075	329,885	55	25	30	55	35	25
French	20	10	10	302,145	161,340	140,805	75	30	45	80	50	25
Non-official language	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	240	135	100	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	325	160	165	365	215	150
Worked at home	0	0	0	897,770	435,285	462,480	135	75	60	205	115	90
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	55	50	10	442,035	333,730	108,305	0	0	0	25	20	0
Usual place of work	170	85	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	170	75	95	135	80	55
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	170	85	85	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	170	75	95	140	80	55
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	125	60	65	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	150	65	80	120	70	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	10	0	10	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	15	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	0	0	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	230	130	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100	160	105	60
Car, truck or van	155	90	65	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	65	35	30	45	40	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	125	85	50	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	40	25	20	45	40	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	10	15	150,535	63,495	87,040	20	10	0	0	0	0
Public transit	70	40	35	287,345	120,460	166,885	45	25	25	55	20	30
Walked	0	0	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	55	10	40	45	30	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	20	15	10	15	10	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	230	130	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100	160	105	60
Less than 15 minutes	35	15	15	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	50	15	35	25	10	20
15 to 29 minutes	60	35	25	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	60	30	30	50	35	15
30 to 44 minutes	90	50	40	635,870	363,430	272,445	55	25	30	45	35	10
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	15	235,140	133,720	101,425	15	10	0	25	25	0
60 minutes and over	20	15	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0	10	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	230	130	95	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	180	80	100	160	105	60
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	10	20	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	15	0	15	10	0	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	25	20	935,640	441,465	494,170	45	10	35	30	20	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	20	20	626,895	259,220	367,675	50	30	15	40	0	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	15	10	330,930	142,495	188,435	60	30	30	30	25	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	30	20	489,685	284,160	205,530	15	10	10	40	40	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	145	65	80	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	120	60	65	20	15	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	15	303,835	156,030	147,805	45	20	25	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	60	65	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	75	40	35	20	15	0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	105	45	65	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	85	35	45	10	10	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	10	230,080	118,075	112,005	25	15	15	0	0	0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10	175,305	90,000	85,305	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	15	5	5	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	40	50	992,895	508,315	484,580	55	30	30	10	10	0

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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