Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662760More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663194More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24663304More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,049	...	...	539	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	364	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	512	...	...	269	...	...	976,966	...	...	189	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	489	...	...	260	...	...	910,359	...	...	186	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17,901.0	...	...	5,483.2	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	4,354.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	0.10	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,050	530	520	540	270	265	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	360	175	190
0 to 14 years	210	110	100	70	25	45	309,765	158,545	151,225	40	30	10
0 to 4 years	85	50	35	25	10	15	99,195	50,760	48,435	10	10	0
5 to 9 years	65	30	35	30	10	20	106,985	54,660	52,320	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	60	25	30	20	10	10	103,590	53,120	50,470	20	10	5
15 to 64 years	695	365	330	410	220	190	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	250	115	140
15 to 19 years	50	30	20	20	10	10	97,525	49,340	48,180	15	5	5
20 to 24 years	65	35	30	45	25	25	140,025	70,895	69,125	15	5	10
25 to 29 years	80	40	45	75	35	45	165,525	83,630	81,895	15	5	10
30 to 34 years	90	50	45	50	25	20	157,725	78,995	78,730	35	15	20
35 to 39 years	85	40	40	45	25	20	149,265	74,115	75,155	35	15	15
40 to 44 years	80	40	40	55	25	25	142,365	70,920	71,445	30	15	10
45 to 49 years	75	40	35	35	20	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	35	15	15
50 to 54 years	75	35	40	30	15	15	121,710	61,735	59,975	30	15	15
55 to 59 years	45	30	15	25	20	10	125,465	63,810	61,655	25	5	15
60 to 64 years	55	30	25	30	15	10	118,065	57,920	60,140	25	10	15
65 years and over	145	60	85	60	25	30	351,325	151,210	200,120	75	30	45
65 to 69 years	55	25	35	15	5	5	99,325	46,730	52,595	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	30	15	15	15	5	10	86,030	39,185	46,845	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	25	10	15	15	5	10	63,215	27,320	35,895	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	15	5	15	10	5	5	46,875	18,960	27,915	5	0	0
85 years and over	10	5	10	0	5	0	55,885	19,015	36,870	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	0	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	0	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.0	20.8	19.2	13.0	9.3	17.0	15.5	16.1	14.8	11.1	17.1	5.3
15 to 64 years	66.2	68.9	63.5	75.9	81.5	71.7	67.0	68.5	65.6	69.4	65.7	73.7
65 years and over	13.8	11.3	16.3	11.1	9.3	11.3	17.5	15.4	19.6	20.8	17.1	23.7
85 years and over	1.0	0.9	1.9	0.0	1.9	0.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	1.4	0.0	2.6
Average age of the population	37.5	36.1	38.9	37.4	38.2	36.6	41.0	39.8	42.1	44.8	41.6	47.6
Median age of the population	36.8	36.0	38.0	35.2	36.0	33.2	39.6	38.4	40.4	44.4	42.0	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,360	...	...	185	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	10	...	...	110,440	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	230	...	...	250	...	...	479,885	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	190	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,355	...	...	185	...	...
1 person	215	...	...	105	...	...	367,400	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	120	...	...	80	...	...	271,730	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	45	...	...	118,205	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	20	...	...	98,205	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	10	...	...	54,820	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	365	175	190
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	835	420	415	470	240	225	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	325	145	180
Married or living common-law	330	170	160	215	110	110	822,440	414,330	408,115	185	90	100
Married	260	130	130	170	85	80	577,060	289,455	287,600	145	70	75
Living common-law	70	35	35	45	25	25	245,385	124,870	120,510	40	20	20
Living common law - Never married	60	30	30	45	25	20	207,040	104,785	102,250	30	15	15
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	0	0	0	0	32,295	16,915	15,380	10	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	510	250	255	250	135	120	872,060	410,935	461,125	135	55	80
Not married and not living common law - Never married	360	195	160	185	100	80	627,845	333,150	294,700	90	45	40
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	15	15	5	10	34,795	14,820	19,975	5	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	85	35	45	45	20	25	126,605	46,380	80,225	25	5	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	45	10	35	5	0	5	82,815	16,590	66,225	15	0	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	235	...	...	135	...	...	495,445	...	...	110	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	65	...	...	251,075	...	...	65	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	40	...	...	107,265	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	20	...	...	93,300	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	43,810	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...	130	...	...	495,445	...	...	110	...	...
Total couple families	150	...	...	100	...	...	395,645	...	...	95	...	...
Married couples	115	...	...	75	...	...	273,070	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	55	...	...	162,745	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	25	...	...	110,325	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	25	...	...	122,570	...	...	20	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	0	...	...	44,875	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	25	...	...	77,700	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	80	...	...	30	...	...	99,805	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	75	...	...	25	...	...	80,530	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	10	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	365	175	190
Total - Persons in census families	700	335	365	365	170	190	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	270	135	140
Married spouses or common-law partners	300	150	150	200	100	100	791,280	398,495	392,785	180	90	90
Parents in one-parent families	80	10	70	30	5	25	99,805	19,275	80,525	20	5	10
Children⁶	320	180	150	130	65	70	541,905	284,935	256,965	70	40	30
In a two-parent family	175	105	70	90	40	45	392,250	205,155	187,095	50	35	20
In a one-parent family	145	75	75	45	25	20	149,655	79,785	69,865	15	5	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	345	195	150	175	100	75	526,370	262,915	263,450	90	40	50
Living alone	210	115	100	100	55	45	367,395	175,660	191,740	70	30	40
Living with other relatives⁷	45	25	15	25	15	15	49,280	22,020	27,255	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	90	60	30	45	30	15	109,690	65,235	44,455	10	5	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,360	...	...	185	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	200	...	...	120	...	...	455,970	...	...	100	...	...
Couple-family households	135	...	...	95	...	...	370,250	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...	55	...	...	194,165	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	45	...	...	176,085	...	...	50	...	...
One-parent-family households	65	...	...	25	...	...	85,720	...	...	20	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	20	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	50	...	...	25	...	...	55,210	...	...	5	...	...
One-person households	210	...	...	100	...	...	367,395	...	...	70	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	840	420	420	465	240	225	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	325	145	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	785	390	395	450	235	215	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	315	145	170
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,600	29,400	32,000	32,000	32,000	37,600	39,600	36,000	42,000	49,200	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	785	390	395	450	235	215	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	315	145	170
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	29,800	27,400	29,400	28,800	30,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	37,200	41,600	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	595	305	290	395	205	190	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	295	140	160
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,400	31,800	18,600	22,600	24,200	21,600	31,000	35,200	27,000	32,800	46,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	275	235	345	185	160	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	225	115	110
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	32,800	22,800	23,000	25,800	21,800	32,800	36,000	29,600	48,400	50,400	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	745	360	380	410	205	200	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	265	120	145
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	10,000	14,600	9,400	8,500	10,200	10,800	9,600	12,000	7,250	6,000	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	115	60	55	55	30	25	171,705	84,570	87,145	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	6,000	5,200	5,520	5,960	5,000	5,520	5,480	5,680	6,040	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	285	150	130	175	95	80	529,640	276,110	253,530	90	45	50
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,200	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	840	410	430	535	280	255	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	380	405	495	260	235	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	320	145	175
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,000	33,000	36,800	38,800	34,400	53,250	60,050	46,760	43,200	45,000	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	785	380	405	495	260	235	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	320	145	175
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	34,400	30,500	32,600	33,600	31,200	42,520	46,280	38,960	36,400	38,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	610	315	295	465	240	220	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	275	125	150
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,100	36,000	23,600	28,900	33,600	23,800	48,960	57,350	40,640	38,000	39,000	37,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	555	295	260	400	215	180	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	240	115	120
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	35,600	25,200	29,100	34,400	23,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	40,000	38,500	41,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	730	340	390	440	215	225	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	285	130	155
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,840	10,920	16,400	11,080	9,200	12,900	12,040	10,900	13,040	11,800	11,600	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	70	55	55	25	30	171,360	84,435	86,925	55	30	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,600	8,800	4,200	4,400	4,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	7,400	6,000	9,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	310	155	155	210	95	110	528,305	276,300	252,005	130	70	65
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	8,800	11,200	8,900	9,000	8,800	9,110	9,140	9,070	10,200	10,400	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	840	415	430	535	280	255	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	215	135	80	145	100	40	514,340	278,505	235,830	105	55	50
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,400	46,000	37,600	51,600	57,600	43,600	60,000	63,600	56,000	57,600	55,200	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	45,600	50,000	37,000	52,000	55,000	44,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	66,000	58,000	74,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	240	115	125	190	75	115	504,455	247,565	256,895	125	55	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	18,200	17,200	11,900	12,700	10,200	16,400	17,400	15,500	14,400	16,400	14,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	24,400	20,800	17,800	19,000	16,800	26,920	29,400	24,520	20,400	22,000	19,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	64.5	75.0	52.0	73.5	80.0	65.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	75.0	76.0	74.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	69.0	49.0	63.6	74.0	51.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	70.0	70.0	70.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	35.8	24.8	48.0	26.6	19.6	35.5	18.9	14.4	24.4	24.4	23.0	26.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.3	3.0	3.6	1.3	1.0	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.8	3.2	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	12.2	10.0	14.6	11.3	9.6	13.4	6.4	5.9	7.0	10.6	11.6	10.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.8	9.2	12.8	10.2	8.8	12.0	5.7	5.4	6.0	9.6	11.0	9.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	835	420	415	470	240	225	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	325	145	180
Without total income	50	30	20	20	10	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	10	0	10
With total income	790	385	400	450	235	215	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	320	145	175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	30	45	40	20	15	138,250	65,670	72,580	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	120	60	65	90	55	35	200,450	93,060	107,390	40	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	175	80	95	75	35	40	286,825	131,235	155,595	45	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	140	65	80	95	50	50	215,455	102,705	112,755	35	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	125	65	55	55	25	35	181,505	86,460	95,040	35	10	25
$50,000 to $59,999	70	40	30	40	20	20	138,185	64,805	73,380	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	15	25	15	10	100,060	48,510	51,550	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	5	20	10	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	10	5	0	58,400	30,060	28,335	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,240	22,360	19,875	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	5	0	0	149,555	92,680	56,875	20	10	10
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	90,980	53,275	37,705	15	5	5
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	835	420	415	470	240	225	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	325	145	180
Without after-tax income	50	30	20	20	10	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	10	0	10
With after-tax income	790	385	400	450	235	215	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	320	145	175
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	30	45	35	20	15	144,275	67,955	76,320	40	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	130	65	70	90	55	35	210,975	98,495	112,480	40	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	215	100	115	100	50	50	334,395	155,845	178,545	45	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	155	80	80	95	50	50	257,145	124,835	132,315	45	15	35
$40,000 to $49,999	125	70	55	65	30	40	204,980	97,805	107,175	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	15	30	20	15	139,760	67,315	72,450	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	20	10	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	10	0	0	61,765	31,815	29,945	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	10	5	0
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	835	420	415	470	240	225	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	325	145	180
Without employment income	330	145	190	120	55	65	495,060	212,405	282,660	100	30	65
With employment income	505	275	230	345	185	165	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	225	115	110
Under $5,000 (including loss)	60	25	30	50	25	25	167,560	82,405	85,155	30	20	10
$5,000 to $9,999	45	25	20	45	25	15	111,575	52,975	58,595	20	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	95	35	60	65	30	30	151,350	72,815	78,530	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	35	50	25	25	116,030	56,295	59,730	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	80	55	30	45	25	20	108,120	55,225	52,890	10	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	75	45	25	25	15	15	104,250	51,950	52,300	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	15	30	20	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	30	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	15	10	5	66,190	35,045	31,145	20	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	15	10	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	46,000	24,150	21,850	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	5	0	0	115,575	74,545	41,030	15	10	10
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	10	0	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	840	420	420	465	240	225	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	325	145	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	765	375	385	440	225	210	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	305	145	165
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	26,200	23,200	24,400	25,200	24,000	34,000	36,400	31,800	39,200	43,200	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	765	375	385	440	225	210	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	305	145	165
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,600	25,000	22,600	23,400	23,200	23,800	31,000	32,800	29,400	35,200	38,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	580	300	280	385	200	185	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	280	130	150
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,400	26,400	17,600	22,200	25,000	20,000	32,000	36,000	28,200	37,200	41,600	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	490	265	220	335	185	155	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	225	115	110
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	28,000	23,600	23,600	27,400	19,200	33,600	36,800	30,400	42,800	43,200	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	685	325	360	375	195	180	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	225	95	130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,550	4,560	9,500	2,240	1,880	3,600	4,440	2,760	7,300	1,940	1,550	2,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	75	45	35	30	15	15	114,940	56,080	58,855	15	5	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	5,600	4,400	6,400	x	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	840	410	430	535	280	255	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	735	355	380	490	255	235	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	310	140	170
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,950	33,400	26,800	31,000	34,000	27,600	50,000	57,050	43,280	39,600	41,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	735	355	380	490	255	235	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	310	140	170
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,950	29,000	25,000	27,700	29,800	25,600	39,800	43,800	35,920	30,800	35,000	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	305	285	450	235	210	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	270	120	150
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,100	32,400	21,400	26,900	32,400	21,000	49,080	57,750	40,560	39,600	42,000	37,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	270	230	390	205	180	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	235	115	120
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,300	34,800	25,000	27,300	33,200	20,400	48,720	55,750	41,240	40,800	41,000	41,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	670	300	370	410	210	195	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	245	110	135
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,020	6,400	11,160	7,280	5,080	9,700	8,250	6,740	9,510	6,450	5,600	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	85	40	45	55	20	35	114,595	55,675	58,915	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,900	5,200	8,400	10,000	9,000	10,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	840	415	430	535	280	255	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	135	75	145	100	40	507,645	274,575	233,070	105	55	50
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	34,000	32,400	35,200	44,000	47,600	23,000	54,400	58,400	50,400	56,000	52,800	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	39,600	44,000	32,000	43,000	49,000	30,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	61,000	56,000	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	205	100	105	165	65	100	462,020	227,495	234,530	105	50	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	21,000	22,000	16,600	13,400	16,800	21,800	23,200	20,400	20,600	26,000	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	29,200	22,400	20,600	22,000	19,600	32,320	35,520	29,240	27,600	32,000	24,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.0	84.0	60.0	80.0	88.0	70.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	88.0	88.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	69.0	79.0	57.0	70.5	80.0	58.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	78.0	80.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)	27.2	16.0	40.0	19.8	12.4	29.6	12.8	8.6	18.2	13.0	10.4	14.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	1.8	3.6	3.6	1.6	6.0	1.1	0.8	1.6	x	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,355	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	54,400	...	...	66,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	49,200	...	...	58,000	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	210	...	...	100	...	...	367,395	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	26,000	...	...	38,400	...	...	38,000	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	25,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...	41,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	275	...	...	160	...	...	542,960	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	69,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	64,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,400	...	...	64,500	...	...	92,700	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	56,800	...	...	74,100	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	110	...	...	367,255	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	41,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	35,500	...	...	40,640	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	170	...	...	543,100	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,355	...	...	185	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	17,665	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	25,730	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	20	...	...	57,720	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	41,160	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	40,595	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	41,545	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	42,630	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	20	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	30	...	...	75,485	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	25	...	...	67,695	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	25	...	...	60,495	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	54,055	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	45,830	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	40	...	...	270,265	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	85,635	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	62,095	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	66,335	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	490	...	...	260	...	...	910,355	...	...	185	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	17,965	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	10	...	...	27,485	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	20	...	...	63,030	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	49,660	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	48,815	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	51,055	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	20	...	...	50,890	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	47,120	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	30	...	...	85,490	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	75,625	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	25	...	...	65,530	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	54,850	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	15	...	...	197,490	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	78,870	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	45,905	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	72,715	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	240	...	...	140	...	...	501,830	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	64,500	...	...	82,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	40	...	...	179,195	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	70,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	66,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	55	...	...	208,260	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	119,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	102,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	30	...	...	95,875	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	59,200	...	...	65,500	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	54,400	...	...	59,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	170	135	145	80	65	477,085	240,895	236,195	85	40	45
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	26,800	30,400	23,600	32,800	32,800	33,600	34,400	34,800	34,000	46,000	48,000	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	25,600	27,400	23,200	30,400	30,200	30,800	31,200	31,200	31,200	40,400	41,600	39,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	255	...	...	145	...	...	501,905	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	74,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	35	...	...	179,455	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	80	...	...	208,375	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	15	...	...	95,455	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	270	135	135	180	100	80	476,520	240,280	236,245	60	15	45
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	35,500	26,800	35,600	39,000	31,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	58,000	45,000	62,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,000	30,800	25,200	31,400	33,500	29,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	46,000	40,000	48,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	360	175	190
0 to 17 years	235	125	105	85	40	50	365,020	186,710	178,315	45	30	20
0 to 5 years	100	55	40	30	10	20	120,615	61,615	58,995	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	670	345	320	395	210	185	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	245	115	130
65 years and over	140	60	85	60	25	35	317,425	140,270	177,155	75	30	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	315	155	165	120	65	55	321,885	154,370	167,510	50	30	20
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	25	10	10	54,265	27,870	26,395	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	40	30	15	5	0	5	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	175	85	95	80	40	35	197,020	99,310	97,710	25	15	10
65 years and over	55	20	35	20	5	15	70,600	27,185	43,415	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.4	28.8	32.0	22.8	24.0	22.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	12.8	16.0	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	36.5	38.0	34.0	28.0	36.0	20.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	10.0	12.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	42.0	44.0	36.0	25.0	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	26.2	24.0	28.8	20.0	20.0	19.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	10.0	12.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	39.0	36.0	40.0	36.0	30.0	36.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	24.0	32.0	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	365	175	190
0 to 17 years	235	125	110	90	35	50	365,025	186,705	178,315	50	30	15
0 to 5 years	100	60	40	30	10	25	120,610	61,615	58,995	15	15	0
18 to 64 years	675	345	325	390	210	185	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	245	110	135
65 years and over	145	55	85	55	20	35	317,425	140,265	177,155	70	30	40
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	205	95	105	85	50	35	213,720	108,905	104,815	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	45	25	20	20	10	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	5	0	5	9,970	5,080	4,890	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	60	35	30	153,385	81,765	71,620	15	10	10
65 years and over	30	10	15	5	5	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	19.4	18.4	20.8	15.4	17.5	13.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	8.0	10.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	20.0	18.0	18.0	25.0	16.0	8.1	8.1	8.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	22.0	24.0	20.0	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	17.5	22.0	16.0	17.0	15.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	7.0	8.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	20.0	20.0	20.0	x	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	12.0	20.0	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	1,050	530	520	540	270	265	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	360	175	190
In bottom half of the distribution	890	450	440	440	220	225	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	215	105	105
In bottom decile	270	130	140	110	60	50	298,540	147,890	150,655	40	25	20
In second decile	245	120	125	95	50	45	244,435	115,985	128,450	40	20	20
In third decile	175	90	80	100	45	55	240,895	116,550	124,345	60	30	30
In fourth decile	105	55	50	70	30	40	218,125	105,885	112,240	50	25	25
In fifth decile	95	55	45	70	35	30	194,765	95,185	99,580	25	15	10
In top half of the distribution	160	80	80	100	50	50	762,590	384,140	378,450	150	70	85
In sixth decile	70	35	35	60	25	30	172,200	85,100	87,095	35	20	15
In seventh decile	50	20	30	15	10	10	156,540	78,290	78,250	45	15	25
In eighth decile	20	10	10	20	10	10	144,120	72,600	71,525	30	10	20
In ninth decile	10	5	0	0	0	0	134,265	68,285	65,980	25	10	15
In top decile	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,465	79,870	75,595	15	5	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	1,050	...	...	540	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	365	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.280	...	...	0.256	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.316	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.504	...	...	0.418	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.252	...	...	0.222	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.277	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	365	175	190
English only	35	20	15	135	70	70	262,290	133,690	128,600	85	45	35
French only	625	300	325	75	30	40	486,845	221,005	265,840	50	20	30
English and French	355	195	155	310	165	150	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	205	100	110
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	15	5	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	25	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	365	175	190
English	85	45	45	250	125	120	605,220	303,380	301,835	130	75	65
French	860	435	430	200	100	95	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	145	65	85
English and French	75	45	30	80	35	45	173,785	88,480	85,300	60	30	35
Neither English nor French	25	10	20	15	5	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	365	175	190
Single responses	950	480	475	485	245	240	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	345	165	185
Official languages	545	275	270	215	115	100	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	155	75	80
English	50	25	25	90	50	45	322,315	162,085	160,230	50	30	25
French	495	245	245	120	65	55	870,975	428,435	442,540	105	50	60
Non-official languages	410	205	200	265	130	135	643,275	311,525	331,750	190	90	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	205	200	265	130	135	642,820	311,370	331,445	190	90	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	15	10	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	5	5	5
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	40	35	15	10	5	112,200	59,320	52,880	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	35	10	5	5	107,605	56,960	50,645	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	5	5	5	24,640	11,340	13,300	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	5	5	5	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	15	20	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	170	85	90	10	5	10	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	90	45	50	10	5	10	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	40	40	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	50	125	55	60	329,415	158,980	170,435	95	45	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25	37,235	16,405	20,835	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25	36,800	16,245	20,555	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	7,520	3,215	4,300	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	20	17,695	7,755	9,935	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	15	10	10	68,600	36,145	32,455	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	20	5	10	48,035	25,870	22,165	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	5	0	5	18,260	10,100	8,160	10	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	20,550	10,275	10,275	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	18,950	9,395	9,555	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	5	16,025	7,945	8,080	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	40	45	25	20	183,755	87,295	96,460	50	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	0	0	0	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	0	5
Portuguese	20	15	10	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	5	15,020	7,070	7,945	20	10	10
Spanish	25	20	10	35	15	15	85,395	41,150	44,250	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	55	25	25	57,075	26,030	31,035	80	40	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	20	56,890	25,955	30,935	80	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	25	20	37,985	17,270	20,715	70	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	55	50	55	30	30	143,450	71,980	71,470	20	10	5
English and French	20	10	10	10	5	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	15	32,265	15,955	16,310	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	15	5	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	10	5	5	15,685	8,025	7,655	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	365	175	190
English	45	20	25	95	50	40	340,470	170,050	170,425	55	25	30
French	480	235	240	80	45	35	779,125	383,000	396,125	80	35	45
Non-official language	125	60	60	125	65	60	204,395	96,705	107,690	85	45	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	60	60	125	65	60	204,315	96,670	107,645	85	45	45
English and French	45	25	20	45	25	20	173,135	89,205	83,935	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	90	40	50	135,390	66,995	68,400	50	25	20
French and non-official language(s)	275	140	130	45	20	30	180,900	85,935	94,965	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	55	25	35	154,470	76,450	78,020	40	20	25
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	365	175	190
Single responses	905	455	455	480	245	235	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	325	155	170
Official languages	665	330	330	285	145	140	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	200	95	105
English	60	30	30	160	85	75	479,850	239,270	240,580	90	45	40
French	600	300	300	125	60	65	956,130	471,155	484,975	115	50	60
Non-official languages	245	120	120	195	100	95	370,290	177,955	192,335	130	60	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	245	120	120	195	100	95	370,125	177,895	192,235	130	60	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	15	5	5	66,095	34,080	32,015	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	15	5	5	58,585	30,100	28,490	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20	15	5	5	56,520	29,075	27,445	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	10	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	45	10	5	10	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	50	25	25	10	5	10	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	25	20	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	35	80	40	35	188,550	90,370	98,185	60	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	21,410	9,870	11,540	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	21,300	9,830	11,475	25	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15	12,475	5,775	6,700	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	5	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	10	5	5	50,680	26,200	24,485	10	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	5	5	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	5	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	15,075	7,345	7,730	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	13,990	6,770	7,220	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	5	12,080	5,855	6,225	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	25	30	15	15	95,835	44,515	51,315	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	15	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5	8,915	4,290	4,620	20	10	10
Spanish	20	15	5	20	15	10	54,335	26,035	28,300	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	43,570	20,275	23,295	65	30	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	20	43,475	20,230	23,240	65	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	25	20	30,855	14,425	16,430	55	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	75	65	55	25	30	173,745	85,640	88,110	40	20	20
English and French	30	20	10	5	5	5	53,305	27,065	26,240	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	30	15	20	39,365	19,140	20,225	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	10	5	0	57,355	27,790	29,565	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	5	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	1,050	530	520	540	270	270	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	365	175	190
None	765	385	390	335	175	160	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	250	120	135
English	25	15	15	45	25	20	131,630	67,290	64,340	30	15	15
French	95	50	50	45	25	25	126,780	62,180	64,600	20	10	10
Non-official language	110	60	50	65	25	40	144,335	69,210	75,130	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	110	60	50	65	25	40	144,155	69,135	75,015	30	15	15
English and French	15	10	5	15	5	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	10	0	10	38,875	19,700	19,180	20	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	15	5	5	33,620	16,170	17,450	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	1,070	525	540	610	305	300	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	380	185	195
Official languages	1,035	515	520	590	300	295	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	355	175	180
English	420	240	175	475	255	225	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	325	160	160
French	995	490	500	465	240	230	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	285	150	135
Non-official languages	645	325	315	435	210	225	971,455	471,755	499,700	265	140	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	325	315	435	210	225	970,710	471,495	499,220	265	140	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	90	85	35	10	20	217,295	113,605	103,690	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	90	85	25	10	20	205,120	107,210	97,905	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	175	90	85	25	10	10	188,115	98,545	89,565	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	45	20	25	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	225	115	110	30	15	10	76,295	34,775	41,520	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	225	115	110	20	10	10	67,895	30,695	37,205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	35	25	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	80	90	210	105	105	514,485	250,190	264,295	185	105	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	50,700	23,530	27,165	85	50	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	50,190	23,320	26,870	85	50	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	25	15	10	29,515	13,855	15,655	55	35	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	20	15	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	15	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	0	15	45	15	30	91,140	48,390	42,750	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30	66,760	36,130	30,625	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	15	30	28,090	15,325	12,765	20	10	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	10	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	10	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	75	75	110	60	50	324,695	154,360	170,340	70	40	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	25	15	0	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	25	15	15
Portuguese	55	25	30	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	30	20	10
Spanish	55	35	20	90	50	40	193,835	91,345	102,490	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	40	30	10	15	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	30	10	20	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	85	50	40	68,485	31,760	36,720	75	35	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	80	50	30	68,285	31,685	36,595	75	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	50	30	51,885	23,845	28,040	65	30	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,070	525	540	610	310	295	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	380	185	200
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,065	525	540	600	310	295	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	380	185	195
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	1,070	525	540	610	310	295	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	380	185	200
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,070	525	540	610	310	295	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	380	185	200
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Owner	40	...	...	0	...	...	360,125	...	...	150	...	...
Renter	440	...	...	275	...	...	550,240	...	...	25	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Condominium	35	...	...	15	...	...	192,985	...	...	160	...	...
Not condominium	445	...	...	265	...	...	717,375	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	140	...	...	115	...	...	267,715	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	240	...	...	150	...	...	303,875	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	10	...	...	220,945	...	...	15	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	98,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	360	...	...	255	...	...	501,570	...	...	140	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...	10	...	...	166,230	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	78,495	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	105,210	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	445	...	...	265	...	...	881,730	...	...	170	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	20	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Suitable	405	...	...	220	...	...	834,885	...	...	160	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...	60	...	...	75,475	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
1960 or before	95	...	...	170	...	...	325,005	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	235	...	...	75	...	...	282,605	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	65	...	...	20	...	...	101,185	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	15	...	...	63,765	...	...	140	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	425	...	...	255	...	...	833,540	...	...	165	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	25	...	...	76,815	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
One-maintainer household	300	...	...	155	...	...	543,605	...	...	105	...	...
Two-maintainer household	170	...	...	105	...	...	333,140	...	...	60	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	20	...	...	33,620	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	480	...	...	285	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	40	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	95	...	...	45	...	...	162,375	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	115	...	...	60	...	...	171,535	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	115	...	...	50	...	...	155,520	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	45	...	...	156,865	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	55	...	...	20	...	...	122,825	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	15	...	...	70,345	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	475	...	...	280	...	...	902,485	...	...	180	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	355	...	...	215	...	...	686,075	...	...	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	65	...	...	216,410	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	120	...	...	60	...	...	189,795	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	480	...	...	280	...	...	910,360	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	220	...	...	135	...	...	330,635	...	...	60	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	115	...	...	50	...	...	186,350	...	...	35	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	55	...	...	56,480	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	20	...	...	50,745	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	255	...	...	145	...	...	579,720	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	470	...	...	270	...	...	875,865	...	...	180	...	...
In core need	100	...	...	30	...	...	87,945	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	375	...	...	245	...	...	787,925	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40	...	...	0	...	...	360,120	...	...	155	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	60.0	...	...	67.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	57.1	...	...	...	...	...	17.4	...	...	16.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	...	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	...	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	...	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,220	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	408,000	...	...	...	...	...	544,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	...	...	...	638,000	...	...	350,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	435	...	...	280	...	...	550,235	...	...	25	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.0	...	...	23.2	...	...	28.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.7	...	...	11.1	...	...	14.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	775	...	...	890	...	...	890	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	792	...	...	940	...	...	987	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	1,065	525	545	605	310	300	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	380	185	200
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,060	525	540	605	310	300	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	375	180	200
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	1,065	525	545	605	305	300	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	385	180	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	765	350	415	405	220	185	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	320	160	155
Canadian citizens aged under 18	225	110	115	80	30	50	322,965	164,980	157,985	45	35	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	545	240	300	325	195	135	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	270	125	140
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	300	175	125	205	90	115	313,410	160,530	152,885	65	25	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	1,065	525	545	605	305	300	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	385	180	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	540	250	295	220	115	105	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	145	75	65
Immigrants⁸¹	380	190	195	335	170	165	652,730	313,955	338,770	225	95	125
Before 1980	35	10	25	30	0	25	108,265	50,530	57,735	20	10	10
1980 to 1990	30	20	15	10	0	10	69,695	34,150	35,545	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	45	15	25	60	35	25	106,810	50,520	56,290	50	30	20
2001 to 2010	95	50	45	50	30	15	154,780	74,520	80,255	85	35	50
2011 to 2021⁸²	185	100	80	190	100	95	213,175	104,225	108,950	55	20	30
2011 to 2015	95	55	40	85	45	35	99,070	48,005	51,065	30	15	15
2016 to 2021	90	50	45	105	50	55	114,110	56,220	57,885	25	10	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	140	85	55	55	20	30	138,240	75,380	62,860	15	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	385	190	195	335	170	165	652,725	313,955	338,770	225	100	125
Under 5 years	45	20	30	15	0	15	52,990	26,810	26,180	20	15	10
5 to 14 years	65	40	25	60	40	15	103,285	51,965	51,320	25	10	10
15 to 24 years	70	30	40	55	20	40	118,475	53,035	65,440	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	185	100	85	195	100	100	326,320	158,620	167,700	140	65	80
45 years and over	15	0	10	10	10	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	20	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	385	190	195	335	170	165	652,725	313,955	338,770	225	100	125
Americas	160	85	75	80	50	35	137,955	63,465	74,485	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	135	65	70	20	0	15	48,570	21,555	27,015	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	35	20	15	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	10	10	10	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	0	0	0
Europe	20	0	20	65	40	30	158,795	76,610	82,190	90	45	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	10	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	20	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	25	15	15
Africa	155	80	70	55	25	30	152,205	77,515	74,690	0	0	0
Algeria	30	20	10	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	70	35	35	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	50	25	30	47,960	24,705	23,260	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	30	130	65	65	202,715	95,775	106,935	115	45	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	55	30	25	32,815	14,710	18,100	55	20	40
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	45	20	25	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10	17,345	8,895	8,455	15	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	45	45	100	50	55	114,110	56,220	57,885	25	0	20
Americas	20	0	10	15	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	10	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	70	35	30	25	10	10	36,195	17,970	18,225	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	15	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	70	35	40	41,495	19,890	21,600	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	15	10	6,885	3,020	3,860	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	10	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	1,070	525	540	610	305	300	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	380	185	195
First generation¹⁰⁰	540	275	265	400	195	205	813,905	400,325	413,580	240	110	130
Second generation¹⁰¹	220	105	115	125	60	60	424,225	212,755	211,475	70	45	30
Third generation or more¹⁰²	305	145	160	85	55	30	721,230	352,590	368,630	70	35	40
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	350	180	175	305	165	135	544,455	263,425	281,040	205	95	115
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	95	60	30	175	100	80	303,105	155,090	148,020	140	65	75
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	55	45	10	80	45	35	151,015	87,200	63,815	80	50	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	20	20	100	55	45	152,090	67,890	84,205	65	20	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	75	95	70	35	35	146,645	59,645	87,000	35	0	35
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	35	40	60	35	25	85,165	44,145	41,025	25	20	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	350	180	175	305	165	135	544,455	263,425	281,040	205	95	115
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	60	35	25	45	35	15	53,655	28,340	25,310	10	10	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	0	15	0	15	56,685	26,490	30,195	10	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	255	125	125	235	125	115	387,815	184,015	203,795	175	75	95
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	1,070	525	540	610	310	295	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	380	185	195
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	670	330	335	370	180	190	737,510	363,785	373,725	170	70	100
South Asian	30	10	15	35	15	20	91,370	48,660	42,710	25	15	0
Chinese	0	0	0	85	55	30	69,985	32,190	37,795	70	35	35
Black	415	195	215	95	45	50	208,805	101,125	107,680	20	0	15
Filipino	0	0	0	50	20	30	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	170	85	85	25	10	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	0	0	0
Latin American	25	15	10	45	25	15	82,550	40,580	41,970	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	400	195	205	240	130	115	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	210	115	95
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	1,070	525	545	610	305	300	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	380	180	195
Canadian	135	65	70	25	15	0	241,015	115,880	125,135	35	20	20
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	10	10	0
Irish	50	20	30	15	0	15	102,325	48,885	53,440	15	10	0
Scottish	0	0	0	10	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	55	25	30	65	40	25	336,880	169,710	167,170	40	25	15
German	10	0	10	10	0	10	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	80	50	30	74,630	34,410	40,220	65	25	40
Italian	80	40	40	0	0	0	156,025	76,485	79,535	20	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	15	10	10	44,170	23,435	20,735	30	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	20	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	10	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	20	20	0
Québécois	100	40	60	20	20	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	50	20	30	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	45	25	20	20	10	10	66,400	31,740	34,655	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	0	10	28,610	13,415	15,195	35	25	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	15	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	110	60	45	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	25	20	10	47,415	23,905	23,515	20	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	45	20	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	20	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	15	0	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	10	10	0
Haitian	265	130	135	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	35	20	15	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	25	25	10	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	30	15	15	15	0	10	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	10	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	20	0	15	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	1,070	525	540	610	310	300	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	380	185	200
Buddhist	0	0	0	15	0	15	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	660	325	335	245	120	125	969,945	451,410	518,540	180	80	95
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	90	50	35	30	15	15	116,635	55,545	61,090	50	25	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	390	180	220	160	75	85	675,695	314,690	361,010	70	30	45
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	25	15	10	68,635	32,680	35,950	55	30	25
Jehovah's Witness	25	15	15	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	10	0	10	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	85	45	40	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	35	25	0	0	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	10	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	230	120	110	70	25	45	233,440	121,145	112,290	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	160	75	85	235	145	90	590,140	310,985	279,165	150	75	75
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	1,040	510	530	600	300	295	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	380	180	200
Non-movers	940	450	490	450	235	215	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	310	140	175
Movers	105	60	45	150	70	75	255,365	129,500	125,865	65	45	20
Non-migrants	80	40	40	130	55	70	186,805	94,745	92,055	50	30	15
Migrants	25	20	0	20	20	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	15	10	0
Internal migrants	15	10	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	975	480	495	575	300	275	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	375	180	195
Non-movers	460	200	260	255	135	125	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	220	95	120
Movers	515	285	230	315	165	150	821,475	413,250	408,230	155	80	75
Non-migrants	320	170	150	125	70	60	433,700	216,030	217,670	85	50	40
Migrants	200	110	85	195	100	100	387,770	197,215	190,560	65	30	35
Internal migrants	30	20	15	65	35	30	190,035	93,955	96,075	35	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	30	20	15	60	35	25	159,710	78,770	80,940	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	165	95	70	135	65	70	197,735	103,260	94,485	35	15	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	840	415	430	535	280	255	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	305	135	170	90	50	35	274,820	136,500	138,320	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	530	270	260	450	230	220	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	285	125	165
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	600	300	305	355	210	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	225	105	125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	180	80	100	35	20	15	121,295	65,950	55,345	25	10	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	425	220	200	315	185	130	975,700	481,690	494,005	210	90	115
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	840	410	430	535	280	255	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	265	135	135	60	30	25	247,460	120,840	126,625	40	20	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	200	90	105	90	60	30	319,755	162,520	157,240	55	20	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	375	190	190	385	190	200	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	240	100	135
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	125	165	195	85	105	473,060	232,855	240,210	115	50	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	65	110	70	30	35	146,170	81,740	64,425	35	20	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	45	85	50	25	25	106,110	54,025	52,085	25	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	35	15	20	20	0	10	40,055	27,715	12,340	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	35	45	90	45	45	260,845	122,345	138,495	70	25	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	25	10	35	10	30	66,045	28,760	37,285	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	90	65	25	195	95	95	609,855	291,355	318,505	120	55	70
Bachelor's degree	60	55	0	140	60	80	344,605	160,320	184,285	60	15	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	10	0	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0
Master's degree	15	10	10	30	20	10	159,510	78,325	81,190	40	30	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	15	10	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	605	300	305	350	210	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	230	100	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	75	70	10	0	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	15	15	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	135	65	70	70	55	20	162,205	88,420	73,785	30	15	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	160	165	270	150	125	831,975	403,420	428,555	185	75	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	105	140	125	65	65	333,160	167,260	165,895	80	30	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	55	95	65	30	35	110,390	60,690	49,700	25	10	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	45	80	50	20	30	81,090	40,585	40,505	20	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	15	20	15	10	10	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	35	35	30	30	10	174,185	84,745	89,445	50	15	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	15	30	0	25	48,580	21,830	26,755	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	85	55	30	150	90	60	498,815	236,155	262,665	100	45	55
Bachelor's degree	50	50	0	90	50	40	276,640	128,890	147,745	50	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	10	0	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	15	10	10	35	25	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	35	25	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	10	10	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	840	410	430	530	280	250	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	330	145	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	465	220	240	150	95	55	567,220	283,355	283,860	90	45	45
Education	10	0	10	20	0	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	30	10	20
13. Education	10	0	10	20	0	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	30	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	50	15	30	69,210	32,705	36,505	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	45	10	30	61,135	27,085	34,045	10	0	0
Humanities	10	0	0	30	25	10	78,920	30,815	48,110	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	55	40	15	20	157,220	58,185	99,040	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	15	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	10	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	100	55	50	65	25	40	248,895	110,950	137,945	55	20	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	45	50	65	25	40	237,125	108,040	129,090	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	25	15	10	57,445	29,770	27,670	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	15	15	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	15	15	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	20	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	35	0	65	40	25	173,380	143,615	29,765	25	20	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	10	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	30	10	20	78,800	61,515	17,290	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	10	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	60	15	45	50	15	40	122,295	30,795	91,495	20	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	60	15	45	50	15	40	109,185	24,140	85,045	20	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	35	15	10	10	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	20	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	15	15	10	10	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	605	300	305	355	210	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	230	105	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	280	145	140	80	55	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	45	30	20
Education	10	0	10	15	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	20	0	15
13. Education	10	0	10	15	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	30	10	20	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	25	0	20	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	0	20	20	0	52,565	20,765	31,805	10	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	0	45	20	15	10	121,985	44,105	77,880	20	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	85	45	35	45	25	25	199,525	87,920	111,600	50	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	40	35	45	25	25	190,410	85,600	104,810	45	10	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	10	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	15	15	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	20	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	15	15	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	0	60	35	25	137,395	112,025	25,370	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	25	15	15	66,210	51,090	15,115	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	15	10	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	15	50	40	10	30	92,595	23,265	69,330	20	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	55	15	50	40	10	30	82,410	18,370	64,045	20	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	20	15	10	10	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	15	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	15	10	10	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	605	300	305	355	210	145	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	230	105	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	145	140	80	55	25	265,025	144,230	120,800	45	30	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	325	155	160	275	155	120	831,975	403,415	428,560	180	75	105
Location of study inside Canada	240	105	135	135	85	45	598,455	286,340	312,115	120	45	65
Same as province or territory of residence	230	100	130	135	85	45	566,540	270,160	296,380	120	45	65
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	85	50	35	135	65	70	233,520	117,075	116,445	65	30	35
Americas	10	10	0	15	0	15	41,560	21,015	20,550	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	10	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	20	15	74,705	39,515	35,190	35	20	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	60	30	35	15	10	10	50,645	26,790	23,860	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	15	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	0	10	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0
Asia	15	15	0	65	30	30	65,125	28,945	36,180	30	0	25
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	35	15	20	13,220	5,865	7,360	15	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	840	410	430	535	280	255	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	145	180
In the labour force	540	305	235	360	190	170	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	225	105	120
Employed	435	245	190	295	165	130	971,245	502,885	468,360	185	85	100
Unemployed	105	60	45	65	25	35	110,395	58,460	51,935	40	20	20
Not in the labour force	305	105	200	175	90	85	568,495	246,215	322,280	100	40	60
Participation rate	64.3	74.4	54.7	67.3	67.9	66.7	65.5	69.5	61.8	69.2	72.4	66.7
Employment rate	51.8	59.8	44.2	55.1	58.9	51.0	58.9	62.3	55.6	56.9	58.6	55.6
Unemployment rate	19.4	19.7	19.1	18.1	13.2	20.6	10.2	10.4	10.0	17.8	19.0	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	840	410	430	530	280	255	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	330	145	185
Did not work¹⁸⁶	350	130	215	185	95	95	582,470	253,075	329,400	95	30	60
Worked	495	275	215	350	190	165	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	235	115	120
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	225	145	80	150	105	50	529,400	287,950	241,450	105	55	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	270	135	135	200	85	110	538,265	266,540	271,725	130	60	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.2	39.2	34.8	37.6	38.2	37.0	39.7	40.2	39.3	36.4	35.6	36.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	540	305	230	360	185	170	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	225	105	120
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	500	285	210	350	190	160	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	210	105	110
Employee	455	265	195	320	165	155	907,745	457,830	449,915	195	95	100
Permanent position	380	225	155	250	150	95	741,830	380,445	361,385	165	80	90
Temporary position	75	35	40	75	15	60	165,915	77,385	88,530	30	20	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	45	20	25	20	0	20	69,690	31,285	38,405	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	15	15	50	15	35	96,225	46,100	50,120	25	15	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	25	15	25	20	0	142,380	88,145	54,230	20	0	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	540	305	230	360	185	170	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	225	105	120
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	500	285	210	350	190	160	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	210	105	110
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	40	10	60	35	30	207,660	79,975	127,685	40	0	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	25	0	40	40	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	30	25	0
3 Health occupations	40	0	35	20	0	20	85,545	21,700	63,845	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	15	30	50	15	35	140,500	46,385	94,115	20	10	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	20	10	15	61,790	31,615	30,175	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	180	95	90	115	60	50	263,055	135,300	127,750	80	45	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	80	70	10	30	20	15	109,555	99,115	10,440	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	30	25	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	15	10	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	540	305	230	360	185	170	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	225	105	120
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	20	10	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	500	285	210	350	190	160	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	210	105	110
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	15	0	20	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	80	50	25	35	35	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	30	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	30	15	15	0	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	60	35	25	45	15	30	111,555	56,180	55,375	25	0	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	40	10	15	10	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	10	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	0	0	0	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	10	10	40	15	25	130,405	75,750	54,655	30	10	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	30	25	30	25	10	49,530	29,800	19,735	10	10	0
61 Educational services	10	0	10	45	20	30	95,290	34,510	60,780	15	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	80	25	55	30	0	25	142,545	36,095	106,450	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	40	15	25	50	30	20	59,510	32,125	27,380	30	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	10	20	15	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	20	10	10
91 Public administration	15	10	0	0	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	10	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	535	295	245	400	215	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	115	125
English	0	0	0	125	70	55	201,310	110,165	91,150	50	30	25
French	335	170	160	65	35	25	416,430	206,170	210,265	70	25	45
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	175	110	65	165	90	70	473,485	249,700	223,785	105	60	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	30	15	15	28,645	14,450	14,195	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	535	295	245	400	215	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	115	125
Single responses	500	275	225	310	165	145	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	200	80	110
Official languages	495	270	220	305	165	140	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	185	80	105
English	40	25	15	175	95	75	361,715	194,885	166,835	80	30	50
French	455	250	210	130	70	65	645,885	327,180	318,705	105	45	60
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	10	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	20	85	45	40	126,180	65,940	60,240	45	30	15
English and French	30	15	20	75	45	35	116,535	60,925	55,605	45	30	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	535	295	245	400	215	185	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	115	125
None	385	195	190	260	135	120	743,180	381,875	361,305	165	80	80
English	115	70	40	65	30	25	219,885	116,455	103,430	40	20	20
French	25	20	0	45	20	20	149,470	78,495	70,975	25	10	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	10	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	25	20	10	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	435	245	190	295	165	130	971,245	502,885	468,360	185	85	100
Worked at home	55	35	15	70	45	25	298,820	151,335	147,485	30	20	10
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	75	50	25	20	15	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	15	10	0
Usual place of work	305	160	150	205	105	100	580,035	286,695	293,340	135	50	90
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	305	160	145	205	105	100	580,035	286,695	293,340	135	50	90
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	245	120	125	140	85	55	427,475	202,010	225,465	120	45	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	50	20	25	91,735	47,670	44,070	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	40	15	10	0	10	58,865	35,690	23,175	15	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	380	210	175	225	120	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	150	60	90
Car, truck or van	275	170	100	100	70	25	395,615	229,315	166,300	100	50	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	240	165	70	90	65	25	365,770	218,475	147,295	90	50	45
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30	0	30	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	10	0	10
Public transit	100	35	65	95	35	60	177,860	74,605	103,260	35	10	30
Walked	10	0	10	30	10	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	15	0	10
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	380	210	175	225	120	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	150	60	90
Less than 15 minutes	85	50	30	35	30	10	125,240	61,185	64,055	45	10	35
15 to 29 minutes	135	75	60	90	35	50	241,005	129,590	111,420	25	10	10
30 to 44 minutes	75	45	30	55	35	20	176,925	96,710	80,215	40	20	20
45 to 59 minutes	35	15	15	0	0	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	25	15	15
60 minutes and over	55	15	30	30	10	20	58,350	28,905	29,445	15	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	380	210	175	225	120	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	150	60	90
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	35	20	20	20	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	110	60	50	20	10	0	95,270	56,280	38,990	20	0	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	70	35	40	60	25	35	166,695	79,410	87,280	30	15	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	20	15	40	20	20	149,185	68,865	80,320	30	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	25	20	0	106,855	50,615	56,240	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	110	70	40	60	30	30	112,350	65,830	46,520	40	20	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	240	130	115	90	40	50	371,310	189,920	181,390	45	35	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	15	20	5	10	109,065	56,315	52,750	15	10	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	210	120	95	70	30	40	262,245	133,605	128,640	35	20	10
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	150	75	75	60	30	30	264,905	135,505	129,395	35	20	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	15	15	10	10	82,880	42,755	40,130	10	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	10	15	10	10	67,535	34,945	32,590	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	65	60	45	20	20	182,020	92,755	89,270	25	15	10

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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