Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662757More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660582More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			Dollard-Des Ormeaux, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	579	...	...	871	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	48,403	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	48,899	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	- 1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	222	...	...	341	...	...	976,966	...	...	17,763	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	211	...	...	326	...	...	910,359	...	...	17,383	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16,038.8	...	...	11,754.4	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	3,230.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	0.07	...	...	498.29	...	...	14.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	575	285	295	870	430	445	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	48,405	23,590	24,815
0 to 14 years	130	70	55	175	95	75	309,765	158,545	151,225	7,890	4,050	3,840
0 to 4 years	45	25	15	50	30	25	99,195	50,760	48,435	2,245	1,135	1,105
5 to 9 years	45	20	25	65	40	30	106,985	54,660	52,320	2,675	1,385	1,290
10 to 14 years	40	30	15	55	25	25	103,590	53,120	50,470	2,970	1,525	1,445
15 to 64 years	375	185	190	595	290	305	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	30,235	14,840	15,395
15 to 19 years	50	30	20	60	30	30	97,525	49,340	48,180	3,035	1,550	1,490
20 to 24 years	40	20	20	75	40	35	140,025	70,895	69,125	3,205	1,680	1,525
25 to 29 years	40	20	20	55	25	25	165,525	83,630	81,895	2,625	1,390	1,235
30 to 34 years	35	20	20	60	25	30	157,725	78,995	78,730	2,480	1,185	1,300
35 to 39 years	30	15	15	80	35	45	149,265	74,115	75,155	2,785	1,355	1,420
40 to 44 years	30	10	25	65	25	35	142,365	70,920	71,445	3,005	1,405	1,605
45 to 49 years	40	20	20	55	30	30	125,505	62,690	62,815	3,035	1,430	1,605
50 to 54 years	40	25	15	65	30	30	121,710	61,735	59,975	3,220	1,525	1,690
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	50	25	25	125,465	63,810	61,655	3,515	1,735	1,780
60 to 64 years	25	15	10	45	25	20	118,065	57,920	60,140	3,325	1,580	1,740
65 years and over	70	25	45	100	40	60	351,325	151,210	200,120	10,275	4,700	5,575
65 to 69 years	30	10	15	25	10	15	99,325	46,730	52,595	3,025	1,400	1,630
70 to 74 years	15	5	10	20	5	15	86,030	39,185	46,845	2,785	1,315	1,470
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	25	10	15	63,215	27,320	35,895	2,000	940	1,065
80 to 84 years	10	0	10	20	10	10	46,875	18,960	27,915	1,270	570	695
85 years and over	5	5	5	10	5	10	55,885	19,015	36,870	1,195	485	715
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	5	5	5	33,210	12,200	21,010	700	300	395
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	5	0	5	17,780	5,610	12,170	420	170	255
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	60	15	45
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.6	24.6	18.6	20.1	22.1	16.9	15.5	16.1	14.8	16.3	17.2	15.5
15 to 64 years	65.2	64.9	64.4	68.4	67.4	68.5	67.0	68.5	65.6	62.5	62.9	62.0
65 years and over	12.2	8.8	15.3	11.5	9.3	13.5	17.5	15.4	19.6	21.2	19.9	22.5
85 years and over	0.9	1.8	1.7	1.1	1.2	2.2	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.5	2.1	2.9
Average age of the population	36.0	34.2	37.6	36.9	35.4	38.4	41.0	39.8	42.1	42.7	41.7	43.7
Median age of the population	33.2	30.6	36.4	36.0	34.4	37.6	39.6	38.4	40.4	43.6	42.0	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	210	...	...	325	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,385	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	9,860	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	355	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	2,895	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	130	...	...	110,440	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	210	...	...	195	...	...	479,885	...	...	2,805	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	1,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	210	...	...	330	...	...	910,355	...	...	17,385	...	...
1 person	55	...	...	85	...	...	367,400	...	...	3,700	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	90	...	...	271,730	...	...	5,370	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	60	...	...	118,205	...	...	2,960	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	50	...	...	98,205	...	...	3,215	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	40	...	...	54,820	...	...	2,125	...	...
Number of persons in private households	580	285	295	870	430	445	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	47,925	23,425	24,495
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	450	215	235	695	330	370	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	40,515	19,545	20,970
Married or living common-law	190	95	95	355	175	180	822,440	414,330	408,115	23,680	11,810	11,870
Married	150	75	75	330	165	165	577,060	289,455	287,600	21,440	10,690	10,745
Living common-law	40	20	20	25	10	10	245,385	124,870	120,510	2,235	1,115	1,120
Living common law - Never married	35	15	15	15	5	5	207,040	104,785	102,250	1,530	755	780
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	65	35	30
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	5	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	575	295	285
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	60	25	35
Not married and not living common-law	255	115	140	345	155	195	872,060	410,935	461,125	16,840	7,735	9,105
Not married and not living common law - Never married	180	95	85	250	130	120	627,845	333,150	294,700	11,545	6,195	5,350
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	0	15	15	5	10	34,795	14,820	19,975	655	235	420
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	35	15	25	50	15	35	126,605	46,380	80,225	2,385	820	1,565
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	15	30	10	25	82,815	16,590	66,225	2,255	490	1,760
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	150	...	...	220	...	...	495,445	...	...	13,750	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	90	...	...	251,075	...	...	5,815	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	55	...	...	107,265	...	...	3,060	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	50	...	...	93,300	...	...	3,300	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	30	...	...	43,810	...	...	1,570	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	225	...	...	495,445	...	...	13,750	...	...
Total couple families	85	...	...	165	...	...	395,645	...	...	11,595	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	150	...	...	273,070	...	...	10,480	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	105	...	...	162,745	...	...	6,555	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	45	...	...	110,325	...	...	3,925	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	15	...	...	122,570	...	...	1,115	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	44,875	...	...	490	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	10	...	...	77,700	...	...	620	...	...
Total one-parent families	65	...	...	55	...	...	99,805	...	...	2,150	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	55	...	...	55	...	...	80,530	...	...	1,715	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	47,925	23,425	24,500
Total - Persons in census families	475	225	250	710	355	360	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	42,370	21,050	21,320
Married spouses or common-law partners	180	90	90	330	165	165	791,280	398,495	392,785	23,190	11,585	11,605
Parents in one-parent families	60	5	55	60	10	50	99,805	19,275	80,525	2,155	440	1,715
Children⁶	235	130	105	320	180	140	541,905	284,935	256,965	17,025	9,030	7,995
In a two-parent family	135	75	60	225	125	100	392,250	205,155	187,095	13,645	7,165	6,480
In a one-parent family	100	55	45	95	55	35	149,655	79,785	69,865	3,380	1,860	1,515
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	105	60	45	160	75	85	526,370	262,915	263,450	5,555	2,375	3,180
Living alone	55	25	25	90	40	45	367,395	175,660	191,740	3,705	1,545	2,155
Living with other relatives⁷	30	15	15	30	15	15	49,280	22,020	27,255	1,145	420	720
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	0	45	20	30	109,690	65,235	44,455	710	400	305
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	215	...	...	325	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	190	...	...	455,970	...	...	12,095	...	...
Couple-family households	80	...	...	145	...	...	370,250	...	...	10,390	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	95	...	...	194,165	...	...	6,300	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	50	...	...	176,085	...	...	4,095	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...	45	...	...	85,720	...	...	1,705	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	730	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	90	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	15	...	...	16,550	...	...	375	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	25	...	...	55,210	...	...	395	...	...
One-person households	55	...	...	90	...	...	367,395	...	...	3,700	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	445	210	235	700	330	365	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	40,045	19,380	20,660
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	200	225	655	310	345	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	38,380	18,570	19,805
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	30,600	33,600	31,800	33,600	30,200	37,600	39,600	36,000	39,200	42,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	200	225	655	310	345	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	38,385	18,570	19,810
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	28,800	31,000	30,000	31,000	28,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	35,200	37,200	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	370	175	190	560	275	285	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	34,435	16,970	17,465
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	21,400	21,000	22,800	20,800	26,600	18,400	31,000	35,200	27,000	31,400	37,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	150	155	465	245	225	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	27,655	14,165	13,495
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,000	22,000	25,400	25,200	29,600	21,000	32,800	36,000	29,600	33,600	38,000	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	180	210	575	260	315	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	31,590	14,345	17,245
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	9,600	14,800	11,300	8,100	13,700	10,800	9,600	12,000	12,100	11,200	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	25	25	85	35	40	171,705	84,570	87,145	3,735	1,680	2,055
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	6,200	4,760	5,480	4,560	6,240	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,680	5,480	5,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	95	75	265	135	130	529,640	276,110	253,530	13,095	6,775	6,315
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	430	205	230	610	295	315	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	230	580	275	310	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	38,435	18,620	19,810
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	37,600	34,800	33,800	38,000	30,400	53,250	60,050	46,760	54,950	65,100	45,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	205	230	580	275	310	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	38,435	18,620	19,820
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,200	32,400	32,000	29,500	32,400	27,200	42,520	46,280	38,960	43,480	49,400	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	160	195	470	235	230	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	34,605	17,085	17,525
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,500	35,200	21,200	28,100	32,400	23,600	48,960	57,350	40,640	49,480	61,100	38,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	300	150	155	355	200	155	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	27,660	14,215	13,440
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,000	24,800	33,200	36,800	28,800	48,760	55,650	41,480	51,000	61,350	40,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	170	205	505	230	270	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	31,375	14,190	17,190
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,900	10,900	18,200	13,000	11,500	14,300	12,040	10,900	13,040	12,710	11,900	13,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	25	40	70	40	30	171,360	84,435	86,925	3,630	1,720	1,915
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	6,400	3,800	7,600	6,400	9,500	6,840	6,065	7,590	6,900	5,875	7,830
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	80	75	190	105	85	528,305	276,300	252,005	13,000	6,670	6,330
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,400	8,600	12,400	9,700	10,000	9,200	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,220	9,200	9,230
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	435	200	230	610	300	315	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	110	60	45	160	85	70	514,340	278,505	235,830	12,850	7,035	5,815
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	48,400	41,600	46,800	53,600	40,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	62,000	71,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,000	58,000	39,000	48,000	55,000	42,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	82,400	97,000	64,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	135	65	70	155	90	65	504,455	247,565	256,895	11,505	5,495	6,015
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	11,600	14,500	9,900	13,400	18,800	8,700	16,400	17,400	15,500	15,900	17,600	14,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	24,000	16,000	21,600	22,800	20,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	26,160	29,480	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	64.0	76.0	53.0	66.5	74.0	58.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	81.2	86.0	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.0	70.0	48.0	60.0	71.0	48.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	66.8	72.0	59.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	36.0	24.4	47.0	33.2	25.6	42.0	18.9	14.4	24.4	18.9	13.9	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.6	2.6	2.8	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.2	0.8	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	12.1	10.8	13.6	10.7	11.0	10.4	6.4	5.9	7.0	6.3	5.5	7.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	10.4	9.2	12.0	9.2	10.0	8.4	5.7	5.4	6.0	5.7	5.1	6.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	450	215	235	695	330	370	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	40,045	19,385	20,665
Without total income	20	10	10	40	20	20	65,020	32,205	32,820	1,665	810	850
With total income	425	200	230	660	310	350	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	38,380	18,570	19,810
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	20	85	45	45	138,250	65,670	72,580	3,370	1,475	1,895
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	35	100	45	50	200,450	93,060	107,390	4,830	2,090	2,740
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	40	120	45	80	286,825	131,235	155,595	6,410	2,935	3,480
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	30	100	55	45	215,455	102,705	112,755	4,940	2,270	2,675
$40,000 to $49,999	65	25	35	75	30	50	181,505	86,460	95,040	4,285	1,980	2,305
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	20	60	30	35	138,185	64,805	73,380	3,310	1,480	1,835
$60,000 to $69,999	30	5	20	40	20	20	100,060	48,510	51,550	2,420	1,175	1,245
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	25	15	10	74,165	37,625	36,540	1,850	945	905
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	15	10	10	58,400	30,060	28,335	1,480	760	720
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	10	10	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	1,155	615	540
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	20	15	0	149,555	92,680	56,875	4,330	2,860	1,470
$100,000 to $149,999	10	0	5	15	10	0	90,980	53,275	37,705	2,670	1,610	1,060
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	1,660	1,250	410
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	450	215	235	695	330	370	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	40,045	19,385	20,665
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	40	20	20	64,605	32,005	32,605	1,660	810	850
With after-tax income	425	200	230	660	310	350	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	38,380	18,570	19,810
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	20	85	45	45	144,275	67,955	76,320	3,570	1,535	2,030
$10,000 to $19,999	65	25	35	110	45	60	210,975	98,495	112,480	5,090	2,235	2,855
$20,000 to $29,999	100	45	50	140	60	80	334,395	155,845	178,545	7,495	3,485	4,005
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	40	120	60	60	257,145	124,835	132,315	5,925	2,755	3,170
$40,000 to $49,999	55	30	25	80	35	45	204,980	97,805	107,175	4,805	2,210	2,600
$50,000 to $59,999	40	10	25	55	30	25	139,760	67,315	72,450	3,410	1,620	1,790
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	35	20	20	93,705	46,700	47,005	2,360	1,195	1,165
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	5	15	10	5	61,765	31,815	29,945	1,680	865	810
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	10	5	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	1,165	665	500
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	745	440	300
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	5	5	0	73,695	48,025	25,665	2,140	1,565	580
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	970	655	320
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	1,175	910	260
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	450	215	235	695	330	370	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	40,045	19,385	20,665
Without employment income	135	60	80	230	90	140	495,060	212,405	282,660	12,390	5,220	7,165
With employment income	310	150	160	465	240	225	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	27,660	14,160	13,495
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55	30	30	70	35	35	167,560	82,405	85,155	4,240	2,110	2,125
$5,000 to $9,999	40	15	20	65	30	35	111,575	52,975	58,595	2,645	1,185	1,455
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	25	80	40	35	151,350	72,815	78,530	3,465	1,650	1,815
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	50	25	25	116,030	56,295	59,730	2,610	1,235	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	35	20	15	108,120	55,225	52,890	2,440	1,115	1,320
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	45	20	30	104,250	51,950	52,300	2,400	1,155	1,245
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	50	30	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	1,860	910	950
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	25	15	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	1,470	755	715
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	15	10	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	1,205	655	555
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	15	10	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	1,245	645	595
$90,000 to $99,999	10	0	0	10	5	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	775	445	330
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	10	10	0	115,575	74,545	41,030	3,305	2,300	1,010
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	5	5	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	1,300	810	490
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	5	5	0	68,050	45,675	22,375	2,005	1,485	515
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	445	210	235	700	330	365	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	40,045	19,380	20,660
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	190	220	630	300	330	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	37,405	18,090	19,315
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	26,400	27,600	27,400	27,200	27,600	34,000	36,400	31,800	37,200	41,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	190	220	630	300	330	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	37,430	18,095	19,335
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,800	24,000	26,200	26,000	25,800	26,200	31,000	32,800	29,400	33,200	36,400	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	350	170	185	535	260	275	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	34,080	16,795	17,285
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	21,400	23,000	20,200	24,600	28,200	21,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	33,600	39,600	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	145	150	450	230	220	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	27,705	14,180	13,530
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,400	24,200	22,000	28,400	29,800	27,200	33,600	36,800	30,400	35,200	40,000	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	360	160	200	520	230	290	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	28,195	12,475	15,725
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	3,240	11,100	3,880	2,620	8,100	4,440	2,760	7,300	6,240	3,480	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	10	15	60	35	25	114,940	56,080	58,855	2,355	1,010	1,345
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,950	x	x	4,120	4,320	4,040	5,120	4,600	5,760	5,200	4,240	6,700
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	430	205	230	610	295	315	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	195	225	545	255	290	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	37,430	18,125	19,295
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	30,400	31,400	34,800	28,400	50,000	57,050	43,280	52,100	61,950	42,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	195	225	545	255	290	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	37,435	18,135	19,300
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,700	31,800	28,000	27,400	29,800	25,400	39,800	43,800	35,920	41,480	47,440	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	165	180	440	220	225	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	34,085	16,810	17,275
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,500	38,000	23,400	29,300	34,000	24,400	49,080	57,750	40,560	49,880	61,100	38,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	285	145	140	340	185	160	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	27,625	14,170	13,455
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	39,000	27,600	34,000	39,600	27,600	48,720	55,750	41,240	50,480	60,250	40,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	365	175	190	445	200	240	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	28,015	12,370	15,650
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	5,360	13,400	9,000	6,450	11,200	8,250	6,740	9,510	8,960	7,750	9,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	50	25	20	114,595	55,675	58,915	2,210	975	1,235
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	7,400	5,200	10,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	8,430	6,460	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	435	200	230	610	300	315	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	110	60	45	150	80	70	507,645	274,575	233,070	12,765	6,985	5,780
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	50,400	40,000	38,400	46,000	36,800	54,400	58,400	50,400	58,400	67,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,000	62,000	39,000	42,000	48,000	35,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	76,300	90,300	59,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	65	50	130	75	50	462,020	227,495	234,530	10,750	5,175	5,575
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	23,000	11,600	22,400	31,200	12,200	21,800	23,200	20,400	21,800	23,800	20,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	29,000	19,500	28,400	29,000	27,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	32,040	35,600	28,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.0	88.0	62.0	76.5	84.0	67.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	87.2	91.4	81.2
Employment income (%)	69.0	80.0	56.0	68.5	82.0	54.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	71.4	76.0	65.4
Government transfers (%)	25.0	12.8	38.0	23.6	15.0	33.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	12.9	8.5	18.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.0	0.6	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	210	...	...	330	...	...	910,355	...	...	17,385	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	66,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	62,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	55	...	...	90	...	...	367,395	...	...	3,700	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	35,200	...	...	34,000	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	155	...	...	235	...	...	542,960	...	...	13,680	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	77,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	71,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	205	...	...	300	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	92,700	...	...	121,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	56,800	...	...	74,100	...	...	96,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	105	...	...	367,255	...	...	3,685	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	54,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,000	...	...	37,500	...	...	40,640	...	...	43,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	195	...	...	543,100	...	...	13,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	139,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	110,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	210	...	...	330	...	...	910,355	...	...	17,385	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	150	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,335	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,665	...	...	110	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	25,730	...	...	200	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	57,720	...	...	550	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	41,160	...	...	480	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	40,595	...	...	480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	41,545	...	...	550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	42,630	...	...	580	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	40,980	...	...	555	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	75,485	...	...	1,150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	67,695	...	...	1,110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	60,495	...	...	1,070	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	54,055	...	...	1,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	45,830	...	...	1,000	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	75	...	...	270,265	...	...	8,270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	85,635	...	...	2,210	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	56,205	...	...	1,615	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	62,095	...	...	2,090	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	5	...	...	66,335	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	210	...	...	330	...	...	910,355	...	...	17,385	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,575	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	17,965	...	...	110	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	27,485	...	...	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	63,030	...	...	585	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	49,660	...	...	575	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	48,815	...	...	585	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	51,055	...	...	685	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	50,890	...	...	695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	47,120	...	...	665	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	85,490	...	...	1,375	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	45	...	...	75,625	...	...	1,335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	65,530	...	...	1,285	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	54,850	...	...	1,295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	45,065	...	...	1,160	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	55	...	...	197,490	...	...	6,550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	40	...	...	78,870	...	...	2,235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	45,905	...	...	1,610	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	10	...	...	72,715	...	...	2,705	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	145	...	...	225	...	...	501,830	...	...	13,465	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	50	...	...	179,195	...	...	4,120	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	68,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	58,800	...	...	75,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	110	...	...	208,260	...	...	7,060	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.3	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	55	...	...	95,875	...	...	1,950	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	53,600	...	...	65,500	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	50,800	...	...	59,600	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	75	45	30	130	60	70	477,085	240,895	236,195	4,410	1,955	2,460
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	31,200	34,000	33,200	39,200	29,200	34,400	34,800	34,000	38,800	40,400	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	28,200	31,000	30,200	35,200	28,000	31,200	31,200	31,200	34,800	35,600	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	125	...	...	180	...	...	501,905	...	...	13,500	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	110,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	40	...	...	179,455	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	52,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	112,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	48,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	87,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	90	...	...	208,375	...	...	7,005	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	169,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	133,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	55	...	...	95,455	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	99,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	81,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	85	40	50	155	70	85	476,520	240,280	236,245	4,380	2,075	2,300
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	52,000	32,000	39,500	46,000	33,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	50,440	53,450	47,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,500	44,000	29,000	32,500	37,000	28,400	37,600	37,920	37,280	40,840	42,240	39,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	575	285	295	870	425	445	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	47,925	23,425	24,500
0 to 17 years	165	90	75	200	115	90	365,020	186,710	178,315	9,755	5,005	4,755
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	60	35	25	120,615	61,615	58,995	2,760	1,400	1,355
18 to 64 years	340	165	175	570	275	295	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	28,340	13,870	14,470
65 years and over	70	25	45	100	40	60	317,425	140,270	177,155	9,830	4,555	5,275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	90	45	45	160	75	85	321,885	154,370	167,510	3,985	1,880	2,100
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	35	20	10	54,265	27,870	26,395	785	415	370
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	10	5	5	18,760	9,545	9,215	245	145	100
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	105	45	60	197,020	99,310	97,710	1,975	990	980
65 years and over	15	10	10	25	5	15	70,600	27,185	43,415	1,225	475	755
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.2	15.6	14.8	18.4	17.5	19.2	16.4	16.0	16.9	8.3	8.0	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	10.0	14.0	17.0	20.0	14.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	8.0	8.3	7.8
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	16.0	x	16.0	20.0	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	9.0	10.4	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	17.0	15.0	18.4	16.5	20.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	7.0	7.2	6.8
65 years and over (%)	20.0	25.0	16.0	22.0	20.0	24.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	12.5	10.4	14.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	47,925	23,425	24,500
0 to 17 years	165	90	80	200	110	90	365,025	186,705	178,315	9,750	5,000	4,750
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	65	35	25	120,610	61,615	58,995	2,755	1,405	1,355
18 to 64 years	340	170	175	570	275	295	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	28,345	13,870	14,470
65 years and over	75	30	40	100	40	60	317,425	140,265	177,155	9,835	4,555	5,280
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	25	15	80	35	45	213,720	108,905	104,815	2,185	1,075	1,110
0 to 17 years	5	5	5	10	5	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	415	220	195
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	9,970	5,080	4,890	115	70	40
18 to 64 years	30	15	10	60	25	35	153,385	81,765	71,620	1,340	690	650
65 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	5	30,745	11,975	18,775	435	165	265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	8.0	6.0	9.2	8.0	10.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	4.6	4.6	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	4.0	5.0	7.0	6.0	6.0	8.1	8.1	8.1	4.3	4.4	4.1
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	4.1	5.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	10.0	7.0	10.4	10.0	11.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	4.7	5.0	4.5
65 years and over (%)	5.0	x	x	6.0	x	8.0	9.7	8.5	10.6	4.4	3.6	5.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	575	285	295	870	430	445	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	47,925	23,425	24,500
In bottom half of the distribution	440	215	225	640	315	325	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	22,340	10,700	11,635
In bottom decile	80	45	35	130	60	70	298,540	147,890	150,655	3,275	1,565	1,715
In second decile	95	50	45	140	70	70	244,435	115,985	128,450	4,050	1,905	2,145
In third decile	95	35	60	160	80	85	240,895	116,550	124,345	4,710	2,205	2,510
In fourth decile	100	45	50	105	60	50	218,125	105,885	112,240	5,180	2,545	2,640
In fifth decile	80	40	35	105	45	55	194,765	95,185	99,580	5,125	2,495	2,635
In top half of the distribution	140	65	70	230	115	120	762,590	384,140	378,450	25,585	12,725	12,865
In sixth decile	35	15	25	75	30	40	172,200	85,100	87,095	5,330	2,615	2,710
In seventh decile	60	35	25	65	25	35	156,540	78,290	78,250	5,075	2,520	2,555
In eighth decile	20	5	10	65	30	30	144,120	72,600	71,525	5,190	2,590	2,605
In ninth decile	10	10	5	20	10	5	134,265	68,285	65,980	4,890	2,435	2,455
In top decile	10	5	0	15	10	0	155,465	79,870	75,595	5,105	2,570	2,535
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	580	...	...	870	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	47,925	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.248	...	...	0.299	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.436	...	...	0.486	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.468	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.221	...	...	0.252	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.294	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
English only	15	5	5	230	115	115	262,290	133,690	128,600	13,190	6,430	6,760
French only	330	150	180	155	70	85	486,845	221,005	265,840	2,280	930	1,350
English and French	225	125	95	450	230	225	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	31,645	15,775	15,870
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	35	15	15	45,860	18,340	27,520	1,080	395	690
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
English	60	35	25	405	210	195	605,220	303,380	301,835	31,460	15,510	15,945
French	465	220	250	315	145	165	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	10,140	4,825	5,310
English and French	50	35	20	125	55	70	173,785	88,480	85,300	5,555	2,815	2,745
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	30	15	15	44,430	17,640	26,790	1,040	375	670
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
Single responses	530	255	275	765	375	390	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	43,725	21,305	22,425
Official languages	300	150	145	335	165	165	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	25,315	12,435	12,875
English	25	20	5	160	90	70	322,315	162,085	160,230	18,120	8,935	9,180
French	280	135	140	175	75	95	870,975	428,435	442,540	7,195	3,500	3,695
Non-official languages	230	105	130	435	210	225	643,275	311,525	331,750	18,415	8,865	9,550
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	105	130	435	210	225	642,820	311,370	331,445	18,410	8,865	9,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	125	65	65	129,195	68,395	60,805	3,480	1,765	1,710
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	85	45	40
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	70	40	30
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	115	55	60	112,200	59,320	52,880	3,385	1,715	1,665
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	20	5	10
Arabic	40	20	20	105	55	55	107,605	56,960	50,645	3,065	1,555	1,515
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5	3,145	1,650	1,495	295	155	140
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	24,640	11,340	13,300	310	140	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	55	25	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	245	110	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	18,505	7,175	11,330	1,125	460	665
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	10	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	15	10	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	30	15	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	95	40	60
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	15	5	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	5	5	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	10	5	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	5	10	13,350	5,085	8,265	915	375	545
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	10	0	5
Creole languages	70	25	45	15	5	10	37,690	16,985	20,705	300	135	170
Haitian Creole	45	15	25	10	5	5	27,565	12,185	15,375	200	85	120
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,070	525	545	60	35	25
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	5	15	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	25	5	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	30	15	13,620	7,090	6,525	995	495	495
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	20	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	40	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	40	30	15	10,370	5,155	5,215	930	465	465
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	15	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	180	80	100	329,415	158,980	170,435	10,230	4,940	5,285
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	30	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	410	205	210
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	37,235	16,405	20,835	1,290	590	700
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	36,800	16,245	20,555	1,275	585	695
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	85	45	40
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5	7,520	3,215	4,300	385	165	215
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5	17,695	7,755	9,935	525	235	290
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	120	65	55
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,095	520	575	70	40	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	25	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	90	35	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	310	140	170
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	250	120	130
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	200	90	110
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	40	25	20
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	45	15	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	40	15	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	5	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	25	17,080	8,125	8,955	1,050	505	545
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	35	68,600	36,145	32,455	3,950	2,005	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	20	25	48,035	25,870	22,165	3,025	1,520	1,505
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5	10,220	5,260	4,960	115	60	55
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5	5,940	3,100	2,840	695	325	370
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	285	140	145
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	10	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	5	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	5	15	18,260	10,100	8,160	1,215	650	570
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	40	15	20
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	615	300	315
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10	20,550	10,275	10,275	925	485	440
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	20	10	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	900	465	430
Dari	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,245	605	640	100	55	45
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	730	375	360
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	65	35	30
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	45	45	50	25	30	183,755	87,295	96,460	3,185	1,490	1,695
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	5	0	5
Italian	35	20	15	5	5	5	63,560	29,680	33,880	1,205	550	650
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	280	130	155
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	550	270	280
Spanish	50	25	25	40	20	20	85,395	41,150	44,250	1,150	540	610
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	35	5	25
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	120	55	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	15	5	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	115	60	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	45	25	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,715	770	945	5	5	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	10	5	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	2,125	1,105	1,020	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	15	57,075	26,030	31,035	1,435	685	755
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	15	56,890	25,955	30,935	1,435	680	755
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	15	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	1,025	485	535
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	15	10	10
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	10	5	15,185	6,995	8,195	335	165	170
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	5	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	95	40	55
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	5	5	5
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	80	35	45
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	155	65	90
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	150	65	85
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	105	45	55	143,450	71,980	71,470	4,470	2,225	2,245
English and French	10	10	0	20	5	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	1,280	685	600
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	45	25	25	32,265	15,955	16,310	1,700	835	865
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	25	15	15	47,185	23,615	23,570	625	300	325
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	15	5	5	15,685	8,025	7,655	675	325	350
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	190	80	115
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
English	40	20	20	170	90	80	340,470	170,050	170,425	19,700	9,730	9,970
French	260	140	125	170	80	90	779,125	383,000	396,125	4,460	2,160	2,305
Non-official language	60	25	35	155	70	85	204,395	96,705	107,690	5,555	2,690	2,865
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	25	35	155	70	85	204,315	96,670	107,645	5,555	2,690	2,865
English and French	20	15	10	45	20	25	173,135	89,205	83,935	4,125	2,105	2,020
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	135	75	65	135,390	66,995	68,400	7,220	3,520	3,700
French and non-official language(s)	145	55	85	95	45	50	180,900	85,935	94,965	1,595	705	885
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	100	50	45	154,470	76,450	78,020	5,150	2,430	2,715
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	12,130	5,690	6,435	400	185	215
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	580	285	290	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
Single responses	510	250	255	760	370	395	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	43,140	21,075	22,060
Official languages	390	190	195	480	240	235	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	32,440	15,880	16,560
English	50	30	20	240	125	115	479,850	239,270	240,580	25,925	12,775	13,145
French	335	165	175	235	115	120	956,130	471,155	484,975	6,520	3,105	3,415
Non-official languages	120	55	65	285	125	160	370,290	177,955	192,335	10,695	5,195	5,500
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	120	55	65	285	125	160	370,125	177,895	192,235	10,695	5,195	5,500
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	60	25	35	66,095	34,080	32,015	1,945	940	1,005
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	35	10	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	25	10	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	10	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	55	25	35	58,585	30,100	28,490	1,905	925	980
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	50	20	30	56,520	29,075	27,445	1,825	890	935
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5	1,230	615	610	75	35	40
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	5	5	17,355	8,030	9,325	195	95	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	35	20	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	5	5	14,425	6,710	7,720	160	75	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	10,910	4,620	6,295	665	300	370
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	15	10	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	60	25	30
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	10	5	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	5	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	545	240	305
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	10	20	10	5	5	17,685	7,840	9,845	140	60	80
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	5	5	5	12,780	5,515	7,265	70	25	45
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	45	25	20
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	10,460	5,315	5,145	790	390	400
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	10	5	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15	8,370	4,095	4,270	760	375	380
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	135	60	75	188,550	90,370	98,185	5,600	2,750	2,850
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	15	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,370	1,985	2,390	240	110	130
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	21,410	9,870	11,540	705	325	380
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	21,300	9,830	11,475	705	325	380
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	65	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	185	80	100
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5	12,475	5,775	6,700	365	175	195
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0	1,445	685	760	35	15	20
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0	435	195	240	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	30	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	20	5	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	15	5	10
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	15	5	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	20	8,270	3,715	4,555	370	175	200
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	15	25	50,680	26,200	24,485	2,900	1,465	1,435
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	35,595	18,850	16,750	2,150	1,090	1,065
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5	7,495	3,730	3,765	70	35	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	3,960	2,040	1,920	480	225	250
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	185	90	100
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	5	0	5
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10	14,920	8,220	6,695	955	500	450
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	425	215	205
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	15,075	7,345	7,730	745	380	370
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	5	0	5
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	10	5	5
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	730	370	360
Dari	0	0	0	5	0	0	800	390	415	85	50	35
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	595	290	300
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	50	30	25
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	35	15	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	1,350	655	690
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	185	90	100
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	120	60	65
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	355	175	175
Spanish	30	15	10	35	15	15	54,335	26,035	28,300	690	335	355
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	20	5	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	85	45	45
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	35	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	43,570	20,275	23,295	1,095	535	565
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	10	15	43,475	20,230	23,240	1,095	535	565
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	5	30,855	14,425	16,430	835	405	430
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	20	5	10
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15	10	5	10,470	4,815	5,655	220	110	115
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	5	5	5	3,885	1,945	1,945	60	30	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	5	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	5	5	5	3,595	1,795	1,805	50	25	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	35	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	30	15	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	35	35	110	55	55	173,745	85,640	88,110	5,060	2,455	2,610
English and French	10	5	5	25	15	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	1,320	665	655
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	45	20	20	39,365	19,140	20,225	2,265	1,100	1,165
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	25	15	15	57,355	27,790	29,565	635	300	335
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	15	5	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	785	360	425
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	60	25	35
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	580	285	295	870	425	445	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	48,200	23,525	24,670
None	420	210	210	570	280	295	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	33,305	16,325	16,980
English	20	15	10	75	35	35	131,630	67,290	64,340	3,550	1,755	1,795
French	55	30	30	50	20	35	126,780	62,180	64,600	3,310	1,650	1,660
Non-official language	55	20	40	95	45	45	144,335	69,210	75,130	4,025	1,890	2,135
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	20	40	95	45	45	144,155	69,135	75,015	4,025	1,890	2,135
English and French	5	0	0	30	10	15	34,410	17,320	17,090	1,255	615	640
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	15	15	5	38,875	19,700	19,180	925	435	495
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	20	10	10	33,620	16,170	17,450	1,345	620	720
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	5	4,120	2,100	2,025	170	85	80
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	315	155	160
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	565	280	290	720	360	360	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	47,925	23,425	24,495
Official languages	550	280	280	690	340	350	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	46,970	23,095	23,875
English	225	130	100	605	300	305	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	44,730	22,140	22,590
French	555	280	275	480	245	235	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	33,860	16,580	17,280
Non-official languages	325	145	185	505	255	245	971,455	471,755	499,700	26,930	13,115	13,820
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	145	185	505	255	245	970,710	471,495	499,220	26,925	13,115	13,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	20	35	145	80	65	217,295	113,605	103,690	6,915	3,475	3,440
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	90	60	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	80	55	25
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	20	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	20	35	145	80	65	205,120	107,210	97,905	6,850	3,440	3,410
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	20	10	0
Arabic	60	20	35	140	80	60	188,115	98,545	89,565	5,565	2,810	2,755
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	1,355	685	675
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	440	230	210
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	105	60	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	335	170	160
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	1,750	735	1,015
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	25	15	10
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	25	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	45	15	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	40	15	25
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	195	90	100
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	25	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	1,705	700	1,005
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	30	10	20
Creole languages	110	40	75	45	20	25	76,295	34,775	41,520	830	375	465
Haitian Creole	110	40	75	15	10	10	67,895	30,695	37,205	625	290	340
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	120	45	70
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	0	15	15	10	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	100	40	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	1,600	705	895	15	0	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	25	18,785	9,760	9,020	1,340	670	675
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	70	45	25
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	115	50	60
Tamil	0	0	0	65	35	25	14,560	7,265	7,300	1,200	590	610
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	15	0	10
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	60	55	190	90	100	514,485	250,190	264,295	14,585	7,140	7,435
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	535	280	255
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35	50,700	23,530	27,165	1,635	775	860
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35	50,190	23,320	26,870	1,630	775	855
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	85	50	30
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	55	35	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	0	15	10,130	4,475	5,650	485	235	245
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	25	29,515	13,855	15,655	760	345	415
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	145	75	75
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	115	60	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	50	20	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	30	20	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	195	85	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	35,095	17,750	17,345	725	335	390
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	31,565	16,090	15,470	665	310	355
German	0	0	0	15	0	10	21,270	10,840	10,435	510	225	285
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	145	70	75
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	55	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	45	15	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	25	15	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	20	25,065	12,045	13,015	1,710	860	855
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30	91,140	48,390	42,750	5,150	2,640	2,505
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25	66,760	36,130	30,625	4,090	2,095	2,000
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	150	60	90
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	1,095	500	590
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	15	28,090	15,325	12,765	1,785	865	920
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	20	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	30	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	40	20	20
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	15	25,595	14,160	11,445	1,855	1,040	805
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	25	0	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	130	75	50
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	680	350	335
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	35	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	1,090	570	525
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	45	35	10
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	1,060	540	515
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	145	85	65
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	870	440	430
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	55	25	30
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	60	50	50	30	20	324,695	154,360	170,340	5,515	2,575	2,940
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	15	0	10
Italian	50	40	10	25	15	15	107,285	51,300	55,985	2,110	1,020	1,090
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	420	205	210
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	815	400	415
Spanish	55	25	30	30	20	10	193,835	91,345	102,490	2,610	1,150	1,460
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	80	45	35
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	170	75	90
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	15	10	10	33,295	16,860	16,435	360	175	185
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	170	80	85
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	30	0	20
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	20	20	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	35	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	40	10	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	25	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	15	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	68,485	31,760	36,720	1,685	850	835
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20	68,285	31,685	36,595	1,665	840	830
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	30	10	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	15	51,885	23,845	28,040	1,250	640	610
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	30	25	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	20	10	10
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	25	15	10	21,115	9,630	11,485	510	245	260
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	10,550	5,185	5,370	290	140	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	25	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10	9,540	4,630	4,905	240	120	115
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	35	15	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	215	95	125
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	20	0	15
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	200	85	105
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	570	275	290	720	355	360	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	47,925	23,430	24,500
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15	0	15	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	230	125	105
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15	0	15	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	215	120	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	105	45	55
Métis	15	0	15	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	65	45	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	40	25	20
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	15	10	10
Non-Indigenous identity	555	275	275	720	355	360	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	47,695	23,300	24,390
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	570	275	290	720	355	360	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	47,925	23,430	24,500
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	55	30	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	570	275	290	720	355	360	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	47,870	23,400	24,470
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
Owner	55	...	...	95	...	...	360,125	...	...	13,080	...	...
Renter	145	...	...	210	...	...	550,240	...	...	4,305	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	25	...	...	192,985	...	...	3,160	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	280	...	...	717,375	...	...	14,225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	115	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...	80	...	...	267,715	...	...	1,410	...	...
2 bedrooms	65	...	...	75	...	...	303,875	...	...	2,715	...	...
3 bedrooms	100	...	...	115	...	...	220,945	...	...	5,155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	25	...	...	98,090	...	...	7,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	65	...	...	160	...	...	501,570	...	...	3,850	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	90	...	...	166,230	...	...	1,910	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	25	...	...	78,495	...	...	1,865	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	15	...	...	58,850	...	...	2,465	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	10	...	...	105,210	...	...	7,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	4.3	...	...	4.7	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	195	...	...	290	...	...	881,730	...	...	16,825	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	10	...	...	28,630	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
Suitable	180	...	...	260	...	...	834,885	...	...	16,350	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	40	...	...	75,475	...	...	1,030	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	50	...	...	325,005	...	...	975	...	...
1961 to 1980	160	...	...	180	...	...	282,605	...	...	10,735	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	40	...	...	101,185	...	...	2,355	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	10	...	...	63,765	...	...	1,290	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	835	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	15	...	...	32,875	...	...	575	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	375	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	170	...	...	270	...	...	833,540	...	...	16,160	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	30	...	...	76,815	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
One-maintainer household	120	...	...	190	...	...	543,605	...	...	8,100	...	...
Two-maintainer household	75	...	...	75	...	...	333,140	...	...	8,420	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	35	...	...	33,620	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,380	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	165	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	35	...	...	162,375	...	...	1,205	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	55	...	...	171,535	...	...	2,740	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	70	...	...	155,520	...	...	3,420	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	90	...	...	156,865	...	...	3,865	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	25	...	...	122,825	...	...	3,410	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	30	...	...	70,345	...	...	1,910	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	675	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	205	...	...	295	...	...	902,485	...	...	17,325	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	185	...	...	686,075	...	...	14,270	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	60	...	...	115	...	...	216,410	...	...	3,055	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	105	...	...	189,795	...	...	2,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	205	...	...	305	...	...	910,360	...	...	17,385	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	155	...	...	330,635	...	...	4,810	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	45	...	...	85	...	...	186,350	...	...	2,660	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	20	...	...	56,480	...	...	805	...	...
Major repairs needed only	30	...	...	20	...	...	50,745	...	...	850	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	20	...	...	10,995	...	...	120	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	15	...	...	18,075	...	...	260	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	100	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	95	...	...	145	...	...	579,720	...	...	12,570	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	195	...	...	285	...	...	875,865	...	...	17,030	...	...
In core need	25	...	...	35	...	...	87,945	...	...	980	...	...
Not in core need	170	...	...	250	...	...	787,925	...	...	16,050	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	90	...	...	360,120	...	...	13,075	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.7	...	...	77.8	...	...	60.0	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	50.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	12.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	2,060	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,270	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,560	...	...	2,080	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,458	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	700,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	640,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	603,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	145	...	...	210	...	...	550,235	...	...	4,305	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	7.1	...	...	8.4	...	...	6.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.0	...	...	35.7	...	...	28.4	...	...	33.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.5	...	...	17.1	...	...	14.6	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	890	...	...	890	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	950	...	...	987	...	...	1,121	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	565	275	290	715	355	360	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	47,925	23,425	24,500
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	55	25	30
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	0	10	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	55	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	40	20	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	15	10	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	310	155	155
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	300	145	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	265	125	140
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	25	10	15
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	550	275	275	710	355	350	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	47,560	23,250	24,315
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	565	275	295	715	360	365	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	47,930	23,425	24,500
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	485	245	245	545	270	280	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	43,725	21,410	22,310
Canadian citizens aged under 18	140	80	60	105	60	40	322,965	164,980	157,985	9,020	4,550	4,470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	345	165	180	445	205	235	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	34,705	16,865	17,840
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	30	50	170	85	80	313,410	160,530	152,885	4,205	2,020	2,190
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	565	275	295	715	360	365	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	47,930	23,425	24,500
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	325	185	145	250	135	115	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	27,490	13,570	13,915
Immigrants⁸¹	235	90	140	400	175	220	652,730	313,955	338,770	19,380	9,225	10,155
Before 1980	40	25	15	60	15	45	108,265	50,530	57,735	4,925	2,370	2,550
1980 to 1990	35	15	25	50	35	15	69,695	34,150	35,545	3,145	1,540	1,605
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	80	35	45	106,810	50,520	56,290	3,715	1,660	2,055
2001 to 2010	75	25	45	80	35	40	154,780	74,520	80,255	3,960	1,940	2,020
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	20	50	135	55	75	213,175	104,225	108,950	3,645	1,720	1,930
2011 to 2015	65	15	50	80	35	50	99,070	48,005	51,065	1,780	860	915
2016 to 2021	15	10	0	50	20	25	114,110	56,220	57,885	1,865	860	1,010
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	70	45	25	138,240	75,380	62,860	1,055	625	430
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	235	90	145	400	180	220	652,725	313,955	338,770	19,385	9,230	10,150
Under 5 years	20	10	0	10	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	1,670	855	815
5 to 14 years	65	30	35	90	40	50	103,285	51,965	51,320	2,950	1,480	1,475
15 to 24 years	35	0	35	65	20	45	118,475	53,035	65,440	4,035	1,750	2,280
25 to 44 years	100	40	60	190	90	100	326,320	158,620	167,700	9,300	4,500	4,800
45 years and over	10	0	10	50	25	20	51,660	23,520	28,140	1,430	645	790
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	235	90	145	400	180	220	652,725	313,955	338,770	19,385	9,230	10,150
Americas	135	50	90	60	30	35	137,955	63,465	74,485	2,525	1,080	1,440
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	70	15	50
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	150	60	85
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	40	15	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	110	45	65
Haiti	90	25	60	10	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	450	210	235
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	245	115	130
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	65	30	30
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	140	65	75
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	255	115	145
United States of America	10	10	0	10	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	315	115	195
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	20	0	10	33,410	15,245	18,160	690	285	400
Europe	20	10	15	60	20	40	158,795	76,610	82,190	3,675	1,800	1,870
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	25	15	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	35	15	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	275	135	145
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	200	80	120
Greece	0	0	0	15	0	10	8,650	3,920	4,725	455	215	240
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	75	35	35
Italy	20	10	15	10	0	10	32,485	15,325	17,165	460	255	205
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	30	20	15
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	270	120	150
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	135	60	70
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	565	285	275
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	160	75	85
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	20	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	130	55	80
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	300	160	140
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	535	265	275
Africa	65	35	35	125	55	70	152,205	77,515	74,690	3,005	1,505	1,505
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	315	160	160
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10	6,190	2,855	3,335	25	20	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	1,165	590	580
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	25	10	10
Morocco	40	15	20	45	25	20	37,215	18,545	18,670	635	325	305
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	45	25	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	25	40	47,960	24,705	23,260	770	370	405
Asia	10	0	10	150	75	80	202,715	95,775	106,935	10,160	4,825	5,335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	85	35	45
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	705	350	350
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	160	70	85
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10	20,215	10,625	9,585	1,055	520	535
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	510	270	240
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	115	60	50
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	30	15	20	32,815	14,710	18,100	780	385	390
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	215	90	125
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	105	50	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	60	30	30
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	1,635	670	965
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	245	110	135
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	65	25	35
India	0	0	0	10	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	2,060	975	1,085
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	385	230	150
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	15	15	7,850	3,865	3,990	685	340	345
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	10	15	25,115	11,780	13,335	1,305	605	700
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	25	15	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10	10	0	50	20	30	114,110	56,220	57,885	1,865	855	1,010
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	160	75	85
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	25	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	25	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	10	0	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	45	30	20
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	30	10	25
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	95	40	50
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	30	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	40	15	25
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	20	36,195	17,970	18,225	185	90	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	10	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	55	30	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	55	25	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	20	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10	41,495	19,890	21,600	1,420	650	775
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	95	35	55
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	315	155	160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	70	35	35
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	45	20	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	15	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	45	20	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	45	20	20
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	65	45	20
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	325	95	230
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	50	20	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	30	15	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	225	125	100
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	40	20	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	20	0	15
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	565	275	290	720	355	360	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	47,925	23,430	24,500
First generation¹⁰⁰	245	95	150	465	220	250	813,905	400,325	413,580	20,940	10,070	10,870
Second generation¹⁰¹	220	120	95	190	110	85	424,225	212,755	211,475	14,485	7,290	7,190
Third generation or more¹⁰²	105	60	50	60	30	30	721,230	352,590	368,630	12,500	6,065	6,435
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	195	70	130	340	160	180	544,455	263,425	281,040	14,465	6,855	7,605
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	40	50	165	80	80	303,105	155,090	148,020	7,865	3,885	3,975
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	30	20	85	50	30	151,015	87,200	63,815	3,455	2,040	1,420
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	30	80	30	45	152,090	67,890	84,205	4,405	1,845	2,560
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	50	10	40	115	50	70	146,645	59,645	87,000	4,245	1,660	2,580
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	15	25	45	25	25	85,165	44,145	41,025	2,145	1,225	925
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	15	20	10	10	9,540	4,545	4,995	210	90	120
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	195	70	130	340	160	180	544,455	263,425	281,040	14,465	6,855	7,605
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	15	20	60	35	25	53,655	28,340	25,310	1,165	670	500
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	10	30	20	10	56,685	26,490	30,195	1,605	715	885
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	15	0	15	13,690	7,070	6,620	300	120	180
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	455	280	180
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	130	60	65
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	125	45	85	225	105	120	387,815	184,015	203,795	10,810	5,015	5,795
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	570	275	290	720	355	360	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	47,925	23,430	24,500
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	355	160	205	430	210	215	737,510	363,785	373,725	20,780	10,150	10,630
South Asian	0	0	0	110	55	55	91,370	48,660	42,710	5,825	2,960	2,865
Chinese	0	0	0	35	20	20	69,985	32,190	37,795	1,880	900	985
Black	190	80	115	145	70	70	208,805	101,125	107,680	3,385	1,620	1,760
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	2,310	1,010	1,300
Arab	85	45	50	95	50	50	151,890	79,375	72,515	3,775	1,885	1,890
Latin American	45	20	25	10	10	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	805	385	420
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	10	10	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	530	275	255
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	980	500	480
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	165	70	90
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	35	15	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	370	180	190
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	735	355	385
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	205	115	85	290	145	145	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	27,150	13,280	13,870
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	565	275	290	720	360	360	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	47,925	23,425	24,500
Canadian	45	15	25	0	0	0	241,015	115,880	125,135	3,990	1,960	2,025
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	1,955	895	1,060
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,325	48,885	53,440	2,505	1,085	1,425
Scottish	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,620	29,560	32,065	1,805	810	995
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	40	25	45	15	30	336,880	169,710	167,170	3,250	1,530	1,720
German	0	0	0	35	10	25	40,360	19,305	21,050	1,185	585	600
Chinese	0	0	0	45	20	25	74,630	34,410	40,220	1,980	960	1,025
Italian	55	35	15	25	15	10	156,025	76,485	79,535	3,565	1,765	1,800
Indian (India)	0	0	0	50	15	35	44,170	23,435	20,735	3,135	1,530	1,600
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15	19,025	9,095	9,930	610	265	345
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	200	90	115
Polish	0	0	0	30	10	15	33,540	16,340	17,200	2,055	1,070	980
Québécois	30	15	15	15	10	10	108,910	54,650	54,260	640	310	330
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	665	320	350
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	2,330	1,000	1,325
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,400	31,740	34,655	915	405	510
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	375	180	200
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	125	65	60
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	20	15	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	735	370	370
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15	28,610	13,415	15,195	1,550	735	810
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	55	25	30
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	115	35	80
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	525	265	265
American	0	0	0	10	10	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	335	160	175
Spanish	0	0	0	25	0	20	35,975	17,775	18,200	815	390	420
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	105	50	55
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	480	215	270
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	135	85	55
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	610	340	265
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	90	55	35	35,410	17,485	17,930	705	335	370
Jewish	0	0	0	35	20	15	47,415	23,905	23,515	3,950	2,000	1,950
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	480	295	180
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	325	155	170
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	40	15	15	56,950	30,125	26,830	1,510	795	710
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	20	33,345	16,475	16,865	2,140	1,075	1,065
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	335	175	160
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	355	165	190
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	170	75	100
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	1,270	605	665
Lebanese	0	0	0	55	35	20	36,445	18,790	17,650	1,910	970	935
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	780	390	385
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	315	160	155
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	65	40	30
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	10	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	415	230	190
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	300	130	165
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	175	75	95
Haitian	150	60	90	15	10	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	805	385	420
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	510	255	255
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	165	95	70
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	10	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	155	65	90
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	25	0	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	55	30	25	8,775	4,360	4,420	760	400	355
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	160	95	60
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	40	20	25
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	85	40	45
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	60	35	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	170	70	95
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	1,400	725	675
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	195	85	105
Tamil	0	0	0	35	20	20	5,565	2,610	2,955	590	290	300
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	180	85	95
Moroccan	30	15	20	50	25	25	44,795	22,825	21,970	1,380	750	630
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	55	25	25
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	640	365	280
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	95	35	60
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	135	75	60
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	40	15	20	7,980	3,835	4,140	265	105	160
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	25	15	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	10	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	295	155	140
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	200	115	85
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	280	130	150
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	40	20	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	120	50	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	260	120	140
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	90	35	60
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	80	40	35
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	780	410	370
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	90	35	55
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	235	100	130
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	75	30	50
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	215	75	145
Salvadorean	25	10	15	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	45	25	20
African Caribbean	0	0	0	10	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	260	125	140
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	45	15	25
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	375	175	205
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	150	60	90
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	30	25	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	105	45	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	125	60	70
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	25	0	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	385	205	180
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	45	10	30
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	40	20	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	10	10	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	30	20	15
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	185	85	100
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	45	25	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	120	70	55
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	120	70	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	15	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	75	35	40
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	20	10	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	120	55	60
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	70	30	40
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	640	315	325
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	55	25	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	40	20	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	110	55	55
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	210	115	100
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	165	85	85
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	65	35	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	40	25	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	190	80	105
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	30	10	15
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	55	35	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	35	15	20
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	60	30	30
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	15	0	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	95	35	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	70	30	40
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	55	25	35
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	30	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	85	45	40
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	15	0	15
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	25	0	20
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	150	80	75
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	30	10	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	30	30	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	160	80	80
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	15	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	35	25	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	30	15	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	60	40	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	40	10	30
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	115	50	65
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	45	25	20
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	80	35	50
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	45	25	20
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	10	0	10
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	20	10	15
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	85	40	45
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	70	30	40
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	95	65	30
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	60	35	25
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	30	15	15
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	15	0	15
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	25	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	20	20	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	35	15	15
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	40	20	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	20	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	20	10	10
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	20	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	50	25	25
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	15	10	10
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	25	10	20
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	15	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	570	275	290	720	355	360	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	47,925	23,430	24,500
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	455	220	235
Christian	410	190	215	340	165	180	969,945	451,410	518,540	23,000	10,795	12,205
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	75	35	40	30	10	25	116,635	55,545	61,090	2,680	1,230	1,450
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	35	15	25
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	740	305	430
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	370	165	205
Catholic	215	105	110	145	70	80	675,695	314,690	361,010	13,125	6,225	6,900
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	70	35	40	68,635	32,680	35,950	3,570	1,785	1,785
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	0	10	0	10	7,225	2,890	4,335	95	35	60
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	25	10	15
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	150	70	80
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	65	35	30
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	35	20	15	16,130	6,980	9,150	455	185	270
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	170	80	85
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	295	105	190
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	100	40	55	15	10	0	41,965	19,030	22,935	1,225	550	675
Hindu	0	0	0	80	40	35	35,615	19,215	16,405	2,845	1,375	1,475
Jewish	0	0	0	60	25	35	73,900	36,055	37,840	7,395	3,665	3,725
Muslim	105	50	55	95	55	40	233,440	121,145	112,290	5,035	2,555	2,475
Sikh	0	0	0	20	10	10	17,820	9,590	8,225	1,360	760	600
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	235	110	130
No religion and secular perspectives	50	30	20	115	65	50	590,140	310,985	279,165	7,600	3,950	3,655
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	565	275	295	710	355	360	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	47,575	23,265	24,310
Non-movers	500	235	265	600	290	310	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	44,185	21,545	22,640
Movers	65	40	30	110	60	50	255,365	129,500	125,865	3,395	1,720	1,675
Non-migrants	60	35	30	80	50	30	186,805	94,745	92,055	2,020	1,045	975
Migrants	0	0	0	30	15	20	68,560	34,750	33,810	1,375	675	700
Internal migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	37,680	18,795	18,885	820	380	435
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	27,865	13,660	14,205	685	320	365
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	135	60	75
External migrants	0	0	0	15	10	10	30,885	15,960	14,925	555	295	265
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	540	265	275	690	335	350	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	45,810	22,350	23,460
Non-movers	385	180	205	350	170	185	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	32,720	15,770	16,950
Movers	160	80	70	335	165	165	821,475	413,250	408,230	13,085	6,580	6,505
Non-migrants	120	55	60	250	120	125	433,700	216,030	217,670	2,770	1,355	1,415
Migrants	40	25	15	85	45	40	387,770	197,215	190,560	10,315	5,230	5,090
Internal migrants	20	15	0	25	15	10	190,035	93,955	96,075	7,895	3,980	3,920
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	25	15	10	159,710	78,770	80,940	7,385	3,705	3,685
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	505	270	235
External migrants	20	10	10	55	30	30	197,735	103,260	94,485	2,420	1,250	1,170
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	435	205	230	610	300	315	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	140	55	85	110	60	50	274,820	136,500	138,320	5,685	2,775	2,905
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	295	145	145	500	235	270	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	34,360	16,610	17,745
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	270	130	135	405	200	205	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	23,960	11,690	12,275
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	25	40	40	20	20	121,295	65,950	55,345	2,040	1,155	890
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	205	105	100	370	180	185	975,700	481,690	494,005	21,920	10,535	11,385
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	430	205	230	610	295	315	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	45	80	110	60	45	247,460	120,840	126,625	5,215	2,480	2,735
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	85	65	20	175	80	90	319,755	162,520	157,240	9,000	4,575	4,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220	90	130	330	155	170	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	25,825	12,335	13,485
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	85	100	170	80	85	473,060	232,855	240,210	11,735	5,655	6,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	45	40	40	15	25	146,170	81,740	64,425	2,650	1,590	1,060
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	40	35	40	10	25	106,110	54,025	52,085	1,835	1,000	840
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	0	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	815	590	225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	85	30	60	100	55	45	260,845	122,345	138,495	7,590	3,435	4,155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	25	15	10	66,045	28,760	37,285	1,495	630	865
Bachelor's degree or higher	35	10	25	160	75	90	609,855	291,355	318,505	14,090	6,680	7,405
Bachelor's degree	35	10	25	105	40	60	344,605	160,320	184,285	9,005	4,165	4,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	15	10	10	58,945	27,280	31,665	1,355	610	745
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	425	210	215
Master's degree	0	0	0	35	20	15	159,510	78,325	81,190	2,840	1,400	1,445
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	465	300	170
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	270	130	140	405	195	210	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	23,965	11,690	12,270
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	20	35	40	20	20	102,815	55,805	47,015	1,780	1,010	770
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	40	40	0	100	40	60	162,205	88,420	73,785	4,165	2,310	1,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	65	105	270	140	125	831,975	403,420	428,555	18,015	8,370	9,645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	55	85	135	70	65	333,160	167,260	165,895	7,360	3,550	3,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	35	35	40	15	25	110,390	60,690	49,700	1,805	1,010	790
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	30	30	35	15	25	81,090	40,585	40,505	1,230	625	605
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	575	385	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	60	25	40	80	50	35	174,185	84,745	89,445	4,575	2,115	2,460
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	10	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	980	430	550
Bachelor's degree or higher	35	10	25	135	70	65	498,815	236,155	262,665	10,660	4,820	5,840
Bachelor's degree	35	10	25	90	45	40	276,640	128,890	147,745	6,795	3,015	3,775
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	15	0	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	975	415	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	280	120	160
Master's degree	0	0	0	30	15	10	137,150	66,720	70,430	2,260	1,055	1,210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	350	215	130
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	430	200	225	615	295	315	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	40,040	19,390	20,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	210	115	100	285	145	140	567,220	283,355	283,860	14,220	7,050	7,165
Education	15	0	15	15	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	1,435	260	1,175
13. Education	15	0	15	15	0	10	56,030	12,985	43,045	1,435	260	1,175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	10	0	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	790	275	510
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	80	50	25
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	10	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	710	225	485
Humanities	0	0	0	40	20	20	78,920	30,815	48,110	1,645	535	1,110
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	15	15,135	3,710	11,430	270	30	240
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	240	60	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	15	10	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	675	230	440
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	55	20	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	10	0	2,225	1,440	780	70	50	20
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	155	95	60
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	165	35	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	15	45	25	20	157,220	58,185	99,040	3,740	1,395	2,345
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	55	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	265	85	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	535	65	475
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	15	0	10	28,365	11,670	16,690	385	145	240
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	35	15	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	530	100	425
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	30	20	15	59,300	29,185	30,110	1,935	970	965
Business, management and public administration	40	15	30	65	25	40	248,895	110,950	137,945	6,685	3,055	3,635
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	185	40	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	15	30	65	25	40	237,125	108,040	129,090	6,495	3,015	3,480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	20	20	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	1,625	800	820
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	520	210	315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	525	265	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	95	50	50
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	455	275	180
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	30	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	1,475	1,035	440
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	15	15	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	1,210	885	320
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	80	25	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	145	95	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	45	30	15
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	0	35	25	10	173,380	143,615	29,765	4,435	3,800	635
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	150	75	75
14. Engineering	0	0	0	20	15	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	2,225	1,785	440
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	810	735	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	290	280	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	670	645	25
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	290	280	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10	11,685	5,720	5,960	225	105	120
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10	7,725	3,820	3,900	195	85	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	25	15	15
Health and related fields	40	0	40	40	10	35	122,295	30,795	91,495	3,025	740	2,285
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	155	80	80
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	40	10	35	109,185	24,140	85,045	2,755	600	2,155
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	110	55	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	15	30	20	15	42,230	22,590	19,640	750	340	410
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	20	0	15	26,800	9,745	17,060	470	125	345
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	95	55	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	180	155	25
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	270	130	135	410	200	210	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	23,960	11,690	12,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	95	65	35	140	60	80	265,025	144,230	120,800	5,945	3,315	2,630
Education	15	0	15	10	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	800	110	690
13. Education	15	0	15	10	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	800	110	690
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	10	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	550	200	350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	55	35	25
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	10	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	495	160	330
Humanities	0	0	0	35	10	20	52,565	20,765	31,805	1,015	335	680
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10	11,310	2,805	8,510	165	10	160
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	145	35	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	20	10	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	410	150	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	40	10	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	35	35	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	110	75	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	95	20	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	40	20	20	121,985	44,105	77,880	2,675	960	1,715
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	50	15	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	225	75	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	430	50	380
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	10	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	280	90	190
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	15	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	360	55	305
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10	44,580	21,945	22,635	1,315	670	645
Business, management and public administration	30	15	15	50	25	25	199,525	87,920	111,600	4,935	2,135	2,795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	130	30	105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	15	15	50	25	25	190,410	85,600	104,810	4,800	2,105	2,685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	20	15	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	890	405	485
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	385	150	230
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	175	75	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	305	175	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	1,160	840	325
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	15	15	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	1,015	760	260
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	40	15	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	70	45	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	30	15	15
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	20	20	0	25	20	10	137,395	112,025	25,370	3,150	2,600	550
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	110	50	60
14. Engineering	0	0	0	15	10	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	1,680	1,295	390
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	545	480	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	190	175	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	450	440	15
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	170	155	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	160	65	95
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	135	60	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	20	10	15
Health and related fields	40	0	35	35	10	25	92,595	23,265	69,330	2,105	480	1,625
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	120	50	70
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	30	10	25	82,410	18,370	64,045	1,915	390	1,525
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	60	30	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15	25	15	15	32,910	17,695	15,220	575	250	325
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	20	10	15	20,670	7,455	13,220	375	100	280
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	10	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	75	50	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	120	100	20
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	270	130	135	410	200	210	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	23,960	11,690	12,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	65	35	140	60	80	265,025	144,230	120,800	5,945	3,315	2,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	175	70	105	265	140	125	831,975	403,415	428,560	18,015	8,375	9,640
Location of study inside Canada	145	50	95	160	90	75	598,455	286,340	312,115	13,125	6,100	7,025
Same as province or territory of residence	145	50	95	160	85	75	566,540	270,160	296,380	12,295	5,700	6,595
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	830	400	430
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	25	15	10	105	50	55	233,520	117,075	116,445	4,890	2,275	2,620
Americas	0	0	0	30	10	20	41,560	21,015	20,550	695	365	330
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	10	13,525	7,585	5,945	360	195	165
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	35	25	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	50	15	30
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	45	15	35
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	30	15	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	30	20	10
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	125	65	60
Europe	0	0	0	15	0	10	74,705	39,515	35,190	840	470	375
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	145	95	60
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	10	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	45	20	20
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	35	25	20
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	205	105	100
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	80	45	35
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	50	30	25
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	115	60	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	100	70	30
Africa	25	15	10	15	10	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	605	280	325
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	30	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	100	55	45
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	95	40	50
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	30	20	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	290	130	160
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	20	10	15
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	45	15	30
Asia	0	0	0	45	20	25	65,125	28,945	36,180	2,730	1,140	1,590
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	275	130	145
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	40	15	25
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	75	30	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	230	115	115
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	100	45	60
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	20	0	15
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	340	135	205
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	20	10	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	55	20	35
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	615	215	400
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	50	30	20
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	615	265	350
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	85	45	40
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10	4,240	1,925	2,310	180	70	105
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	25	25	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	20	20	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	430	205	230	610	295	315	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	40,045	19,390	20,655
In the labour force	255	140	115	315	170	145	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	25,505	13,250	12,255
Employed	220	125	95	260	145	115	971,245	502,885	468,360	23,000	12,005	10,990
Unemployed	35	15	20	50	25	30	110,395	58,460	51,935	2,505	1,250	1,255
Not in the labour force	180	65	115	300	130	170	568,495	246,215	322,280	14,540	6,140	8,400
Participation rate	59.3	68.3	50.0	51.6	57.6	46.0	65.5	69.5	61.8	63.7	68.3	59.3
Employment rate	51.2	61.0	41.3	42.6	49.2	36.5	58.9	62.3	55.6	57.4	61.9	53.2
Unemployment rate	13.7	10.7	17.4	15.9	14.7	20.7	10.2	10.4	10.0	9.8	9.4	10.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	430	200	225	615	295	320	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	40,040	19,390	20,650
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	60	105	285	120	165	582,470	253,075	329,400	14,535	6,130	8,405
Worked	265	140	120	325	175	145	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	25,505	13,255	12,250
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	105	60	50	155	80	75	529,400	287,950	241,450	13,265	7,315	5,950
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	155	85	75	170	95	75	538,265	266,540	271,725	12,240	5,945	6,295
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.2	36.8	37.6	37.7	38.0	37.2	39.7	40.2	39.3	40.5	41.2	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	250	140	110	315	170	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	25,505	13,250	12,255
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	610	305	300
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	240	140	100	295	160	130	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	24,895	12,945	11,950
Employee	215	115	95	270	150	130	907,745	457,830	449,915	21,085	10,350	10,735
Permanent position	155	85	75	240	130	110	741,830	380,445	361,385	17,940	8,910	9,035
Temporary position	55	35	20	35	20	20	165,915	77,385	88,530	3,145	1,440	1,700
Fixed term (1 year or more)	30	15	10	15	10	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	1,195	525	665
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	15	10	20	10	15	96,225	46,100	50,120	1,945	910	1,035
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	20	10	20	15	0	142,380	88,145	54,230	3,810	2,600	1,210
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	250	140	110	315	170	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	25,505	13,250	12,255
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	610	305	300
All occupations¹⁹¹	240	140	100	295	160	130	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	24,895	12,945	11,950
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	615	500	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	20	0	10	65	35	35	207,660	79,975	127,685	5,610	1,990	3,620
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	40	30	10	114,775	85,780	28,990	2,675	2,025	650
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	15	10	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	1,845	430	1,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	20	35	15	25	140,500	46,385	94,115	2,585	730	1,855
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	10	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	690	340	345
6 Sales and service occupations	110	60	45	60	40	20	263,055	135,300	127,750	6,995	3,665	3,325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	35	0	30	20	15	109,555	99,115	10,440	2,590	2,365	225
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	150	130	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	0	35	20	15	42,380	28,195	14,185	1,155	780	380
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	250	140	110	315	170	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	25,505	13,250	12,255
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	10	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	610	305	300
All industries¹⁹¹	240	140	100	295	160	130	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	24,895	12,945	11,950
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	45	30	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	25	15	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	70	35	30
23 Construction	15	15	0	0	0	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	770	625	145
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	65	35	25	86,535	58,295	28,235	2,785	1,835	945
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	20	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	2,025	1,170	855
44-45 Retail trade	65	45	25	35	15	20	111,555	56,180	55,375	3,100	1,590	1,515
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	30	10	15	56,160	43,355	12,805	1,800	1,310	490
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	10	10	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	565	345	225
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	10	10	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	1,065	500	565
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	585	315	270
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	15	30	10	15	130,405	75,750	54,655	2,870	1,790	1,085
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	75	30	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	1,010	525	485
61 Educational services	15	0	15	25	15	10	95,290	34,510	60,780	1,805	500	1,305
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	25	30	15	15	142,545	36,095	106,450	2,860	595	2,265
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	330	190	140
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	10	30	20	10	59,510	32,125	27,380	1,505	745	760
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	10	0	15	0	10	43,990	17,935	26,050	1,015	520	495
91 Public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	575	270	305
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	285	155	125	345	190	155	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	27,220	14,115	13,105
English	20	15	0	135	70	60	201,310	110,165	91,150	9,085	4,805	4,275
French	190	85	105	55	30	25	416,430	206,170	210,265	2,620	1,325	1,285
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	155	105	45
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	155	105	45
English and French	60	45	20	145	85	60	473,485	249,700	223,785	14,030	7,155	6,880
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	570	330	235
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	45	10	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	28,645	14,450	14,195	700	360	340
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	15	15	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	285	155	125	345	190	155	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	27,220	14,115	13,105
Single responses	255	130	120	320	165	150	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	22,890	11,915	10,975
Official languages	250	130	120	315	160	150	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	22,525	11,695	10,830
English	30	20	10	185	100	90	361,715	194,885	166,835	16,465	8,590	7,875
French	220	110	115	125	65	60	645,885	327,180	318,705	6,060	3,105	2,955
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	365	225	145
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	365	225	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	55	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	55	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	40	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	195	125	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	30	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	30	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	30	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	80	65	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	80	65	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	70	60	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	75	45	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	30	20	15
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	60	45	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	60	45	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	50	30	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	25	0	30	20	10	126,180	65,940	60,240	4,330	2,200	2,130
English and French	30	20	0	25	20	0	116,535	60,925	55,605	4,125	2,095	2,035
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	150	85	70
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	45	20	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	285	155	125	345	190	155	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	27,220	14,115	13,105
None	240	125	115	210	125	90	743,180	381,875	361,305	15,960	8,320	7,635
English	30	20	10	75	40	30	219,885	116,455	103,430	3,400	1,760	1,640
French	10	0	0	60	25	30	149,470	78,495	70,975	6,850	3,480	3,370
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	465	270	200
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	465	265	200
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	30	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	155	95	60
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	260	130	135
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	85	35	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	220	120	95	260	145	115	971,245	502,885	468,360	23,000	12,005	10,995
Worked at home	20	0	10	35	25	15	298,820	151,335	147,485	6,650	3,380	3,265
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	50	40	10
No fixed workplace address	25	25	0	0	0	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	1,885	1,375	505
Usual place of work	170	90	80	225	125	105	580,035	286,695	293,340	14,420	7,215	7,210
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	170	90	80	225	125	100	580,035	286,695	293,340	14,420	7,215	7,205
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	140	75	65	160	90	70	427,475	202,010	225,465	2,710	1,165	1,540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	55	25	25	91,735	47,670	44,070	10,555	5,330	5,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	15	10	0	0	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	1,105	680	430
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	55	40	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	200	110	85	230	120	100	669,150	349,485	319,665	16,300	8,585	7,715
Car, truck or van	105	70	40	120	90	35	395,615	229,315	166,300	13,850	7,450	6,400
Car, truck or van - as a driver	95	60	40	105	75	30	365,770	218,475	147,295	12,565	7,050	5,515
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	20	15	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	1,285	400	885
Public transit	65	35	30	90	35	50	177,860	74,605	103,260	1,590	650	940
Walked	25	0	15	10	0	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	440	220	220
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	80	55	25
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	340	215	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	200	110	85	230	120	100	669,150	349,485	319,665	16,300	8,585	7,715
Less than 15 minutes	45	25	20	55	25	30	125,240	61,185	64,055	4,155	2,030	2,130
15 to 29 minutes	55	35	20	95	60	35	241,005	129,590	111,420	6,440	3,515	2,925
30 to 44 minutes	40	15	30	45	25	20	176,925	96,710	80,215	3,630	1,900	1,735
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	0	25	15	15	67,635	33,110	34,530	960	520	445
60 minutes and over	40	20	20	0	0	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	1,115	635	480
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	200	110	85	230	120	100	669,150	349,485	319,665	16,300	8,585	7,715
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	10	0	15	15	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	805	620	185
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	30	15	20	10	10	95,270	56,280	38,990	2,480	1,485	990
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	10	15	40	15	30	166,695	79,410	87,280	3,915	1,880	2,030
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	20	65	30	30	149,185	68,865	80,320	3,715	1,805	1,905
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	20	20	40	25	15	106,855	50,615	56,240	2,935	1,405	1,530
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	55	45	10	55	35	25	112,350	65,830	46,520	2,455	1,395	1,065
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	170	95	75	205	115	90	371,310	189,920	181,390	9,960	5,105	4,850
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	65	35	30	109,065	56,315	52,750	5,435	2,790	2,645
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	75	65	140	75	65	262,245	133,605	128,640	4,525	2,315	2,205
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	120	65	55	150	85	70	264,905	135,505	129,395	7,560	3,880	3,675
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	10	60	35	25	82,880	42,755	40,130	4,210	2,170	2,040
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	50	30	20	67,535	34,945	32,590	3,650	1,885	1,760
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	5	10	15,350	7,810	7,540	565	285	280
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	50	95	50	45	182,020	92,755	89,270	3,345	1,710	1,635

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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