Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662726More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660835More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24663490More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	454	...	...	737	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	2,081	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	184	...	...	390	...	...	976,966	...	...	1,498	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	173	...	...	368	...	...	910,359	...	...	1,352	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,764.5	...	...	9,132.6	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	26,077.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.08	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	455	225	230	735	355	380	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	2,080	1,160	925
0 to 14 years	100	50	45	130	75	55	309,765	158,545	151,225	110	50	60
0 to 4 years	40	25	20	45	25	20	99,195	50,760	48,435	70	30	30
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	35	20	20	106,985	54,660	52,320	30	10	25
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	50	30	20	103,590	53,120	50,470	15	10	5
15 to 64 years	305	155	155	505	240	265	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	1,905	1,075	835
15 to 19 years	25	15	10	40	15	20	97,525	49,340	48,180	25	20	5
20 to 24 years	35	15	25	55	25	30	140,025	70,895	69,125	190	90	100
25 to 29 years	30	20	15	50	25	25	165,525	83,630	81,895	435	220	210
30 to 34 years	40	20	20	50	20	25	157,725	78,995	78,730	500	290	205
35 to 39 years	35	15	15	50	20	20	149,265	74,115	75,155	310	185	125
40 to 44 years	25	15	15	50	25	25	142,365	70,920	71,445	155	85	60
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	55	30	25	125,505	62,690	62,815	80	45	35
50 to 54 years	40	20	25	50	25	25	121,710	61,735	59,975	80	55	25
55 to 59 years	25	15	10	55	20	35	125,465	63,810	61,655	75	45	30
60 to 64 years	20	5	10	60	30	30	118,065	57,920	60,140	65	35	25
65 years and over	50	25	25	105	40	60	351,325	151,210	200,120	65	30	35
65 to 69 years	15	10	10	35	20	20	99,325	46,730	52,595	35	20	20
70 to 74 years	10	0	5	30	10	20	86,030	39,185	46,845	10	0	5
75 to 79 years	15	5	10	20	5	10	63,215	27,320	35,895	10	10	0
80 to 84 years	5	5	5	10	0	10	46,875	18,960	27,915	5	0	0
85 years and over	5	0	0	5	5	0	55,885	19,015	36,870	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	5	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.0	22.2	19.6	17.7	21.1	14.5	15.5	16.1	14.8	5.3	4.3	6.5
15 to 64 years	67.0	68.9	67.4	68.7	67.6	69.7	67.0	68.5	65.6	91.6	92.7	90.3
65 years and over	11.0	11.1	10.9	14.3	11.3	15.8	17.5	15.4	19.6	3.1	2.6	3.8
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.7	1.4	0.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	0.2	0.0	0.5
Average age of the population	36.1	36.0	36.2	39.8	37.9	41.7	41.0	39.8	42.1	34.6	35.2	33.9
Median age of the population	34.8	34.8	34.4	40.4	39.2	42.4	39.6	38.4	40.4	32.0	32.8	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	170	...	...	370	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,350	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	5	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	15	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	0	...	...	110,440	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	80	...	...	355	...	...	479,885	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	1,350	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	175	...	...	365	...	...	910,355	...	...	1,350	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	185	...	...	367,400	...	...	790	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	80	...	...	271,730	...	...	435	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	60	...	...	118,205	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	35	...	...	98,205	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	15	...	...	54,820	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	450	225	230	735	355	385	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	2,080	1,160	925
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	360	175	180	605	285	325	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	1,970	1,105	865
Married or living common-law	155	80	75	240	120	120	822,440	414,330	408,115	915	490	430
Married	120	60	60	200	100	100	577,060	289,455	287,600	420	220	200
Living common-law	35	20	20	35	20	20	245,385	124,870	120,510	495	265	230
Living common law - Never married	35	20	20	35	15	20	207,040	104,785	102,250	450	235	215
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	10	10	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	5	0	0	0	32,295	16,915	15,380	35	25	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	200	95	105	370	165	210	872,060	410,935	461,125	1,055	620	440
Not married and not living common law - Never married	140	75	65	255	120	135	627,845	333,150	294,700	930	560	370
Not married and not living common law - Separated	25	10	15	25	10	10	34,795	14,820	19,975	25	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	20	10	10	65	30	35	126,605	46,380	80,225	90	50	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	5	15	25	0	20	82,815	16,590	66,225	10	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	115	...	...	175	...	...	495,445	...	...	475	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	75	...	...	251,075	...	...	370	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	50	...	...	107,265	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	40	...	...	93,300	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	10	...	...	43,810	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	175	...	...	495,445	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	75	...	...	115	...	...	395,645	...	...	445	...	...
Married couples	55	...	...	95	...	...	273,070	...	...	195	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	70	...	...	162,745	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	25	...	...	110,325	...	...	120	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	20	...	...	122,570	...	...	245	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	15	...	...	44,875	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	5	...	...	77,700	...	...	220	...	...
Total one-parent families	45	...	...	55	...	...	99,805	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	40	...	...	45	...	...	80,530	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	15	...	...	19,275	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	2,080	1,155	925
Total - Persons in census families	360	165	200	515	250	265	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	1,100	560	535
Married spouses or common-law partners	150	75	75	230	115	115	791,280	398,495	392,785	880	465	420
Parents in one-parent families	45	5	40	60	10	45	99,805	19,275	80,525	40	10	25
Children⁶	170	85	90	230	120	105	541,905	284,935	256,965	180	85	90
In a two-parent family	105	55	50	140	80	65	392,250	205,155	187,095	135	70	65
In a one-parent family	65	35	35	85	40	40	149,655	79,785	69,865	40	15	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	90	60	30	220	105	120	526,370	262,915	263,450	980	595	385
Living alone	50	35	15	185	90	100	367,395	175,660	191,740	795	475	320
Living with other relatives⁷	20	10	10	20	5	10	49,280	22,020	27,255	60	30	30
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	5	25	15	10	109,690	65,235	44,455	125	85	35
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	175	...	...	365	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,350	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	160	...	...	455,970	...	...	460	...	...
Couple-family households	65	...	...	110	...	...	370,250	...	...	425	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	75	...	...	194,165	...	...	100	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	30	...	...	176,085	...	...	330	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	50	...	...	85,720	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	10	...	...	16,550	...	...	15	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	10	...	...	55,210	...	...	80	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	185	...	...	367,395	...	...	795	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	355	175	180	610	280	330	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,970	1,100	865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	170	175	580	270	305	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	1,910	1,070	835
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	34,800	33,600	33,600	35,200	32,400	37,600	39,600	36,000	65,000	70,000	56,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	335	170	175	580	270	305	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,910	1,070	835
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	31,800	30,600	30,600	31,200	29,800	34,000	35,200	32,800	52,800	56,000	47,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	290	145	145	495	235	260	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	1,840	1,030	815
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	21,600	24,800	17,800	25,200	31,000	22,400	31,000	35,200	27,000	65,000	70,500	54,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	120	120	435	215	215	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	1,730	970	760
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,600	28,800	21,400	26,800	32,400	23,000	32,800	36,000	29,600	65,500	70,500	54,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	310	145	160	505	225	280	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	1,165	610	555
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	10,600	15,600	11,000	8,400	13,200	10,800	9,600	12,000	4,120	4,480	4,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	30	25	85	30	45	171,705	84,570	87,145	155	85	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	5,600	5,480	5,200	5,760	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,480	4,240	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	75	70	225	95	125	529,640	276,110	253,530	540	305	235
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,000	11,500	8,000	9,800	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	360	175	190	555	285	270	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	165	190	525	280	245	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	1,850	1,050	790
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	37,600	35,600	37,800	39,600	36,000	53,250	60,050	46,760	81,700	88,200	73,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350	165	190	525	280	245	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	1,850	1,050	790
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	33,200	32,800	32,800	33,600	31,800	42,520	46,280	38,960	60,650	65,000	54,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	290	140	155	440	250	195	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	1,780	1,015	765
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	28,800	25,200	31,800	34,800	27,800	48,960	57,350	40,640	80,000	87,200	70,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	115	130	385	220	165	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	1,670	960	710
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	31,200	27,200	34,000	38,400	28,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	79,600	85,000	72,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	335	155	180	445	225	215	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	1,125	615	510
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,750	13,600	15,700	13,050	10,500	15,700	12,040	10,900	13,040	7,920	7,520	8,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	40	30	75	30	45	171,360	84,435	86,925	180	105	75
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	6,400	4,000	8,800	5,200	11,200	6,840	6,065	7,590	6,120	4,800	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	165	90	75	200	95	105	528,305	276,300	252,005	560	340	220
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,200	10,400	9,600	8,600	10,400	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,840	8,960	11,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	360	170	190	550	285	270	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	40	55	155	100	55	514,340	278,505	235,830	985	600	380
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	36,400	35,200	37,600	47,200	57,600	35,200	60,000	63,600	56,000	80,000	86,000	76,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	38,500	38,000	39,000	53,000	58,000	44,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	102,600	104,400	99,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130	60	75	175	85	90	504,455	247,565	256,895	550	280	270
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	23,400	13,300	12,500	11,700	13,300	16,400	17,400	15,500	23,400	33,200	19,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	30,000	19,000	20,200	18,400	21,600	26,920	29,400	24,520	41,400	46,000	36,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	62.0	66.0	58.0	71.0	79.0	61.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	94.0	95.2	92.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.0	58.0	54.0	65.5	76.0	52.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	88.0	88.0	88.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	38.4	34.0	42.0	29.0	21.2	39.0	18.9	14.4	24.4	5.9	5.0	7.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	4.0	1.8	3.2	1.2	5.6	1.4	1.1	1.7	0.7	0.6	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	13.8	14.8	13.2	10.6	8.0	13.8	6.4	5.9	7.0	3.9	3.5	4.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	12.6	13.6	12.0	9.6	7.2	12.4	5.7	5.4	6.0	3.7	3.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	360	175	180	605	285	325	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,970	1,105	865
Without total income	20	10	10	30	10	20	65,020	32,205	32,820	60	35	30
With total income	340	165	170	580	270	310	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	1,905	1,070	835
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	10	55	30	30	138,250	65,670	72,580	135	65	70
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	70	35	35	200,450	93,060	107,390	110	60	50
$20,000 to $29,999	75	30	45	125	50	75	286,825	131,235	155,595	190	90	95
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30	85	35	45	215,455	102,705	112,755	150	85	65
$40,000 to $49,999	55	25	30	95	40	55	181,505	86,460	95,040	155	70	80
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	15	55	30	20	138,185	64,805	73,380	140	65	75
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	30	20	10	100,060	48,510	51,550	185	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	10	5	10	74,165	37,625	36,540	160	95	65
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	15	10	0	58,400	30,060	28,335	140	85	55
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	5	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	90	55	35
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	25	10	10	149,555	92,680	56,875	455	300	150
$100,000 to $149,999	0	0	0	20	5	10	90,980	53,275	37,705	275	185	95
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	5	5	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	175	115	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	360	175	180	605	285	325	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,970	1,105	865
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	30	10	20	64,605	32,005	32,605	60	35	30
With after-tax income	340	165	170	580	270	310	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	1,905	1,070	835
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	10	60	30	30	144,275	67,955	76,320	140	65	70
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	25	80	40	40	210,975	98,495	112,480	120	65	50
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	50	145	55	90	334,395	155,845	178,545	230	120	110
$30,000 to $39,999	85	45	40	115	60	60	257,145	124,835	132,315	190	85	105
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	25	90	40	50	204,980	97,805	107,175	210	105	105
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	15	35	20	15	139,760	67,315	72,450	280	160	120
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	20	15	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	205	120	85
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	15	5	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	130	80	55
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	110	75	40
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	85	60	30
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	10	5	5	73,695	48,025	25,665	205	145	65
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	5	5	0	33,165	20,265	12,905	95	65	35
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	110	85	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	360	175	180	605	285	325	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	1,970	1,105	865
Without employment income	120	55	65	180	65	110	495,060	212,405	282,660	240	135	105
With employment income	240	125	120	430	215	215	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	1,730	975	755
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	15	10	70	25	40	167,560	82,405	85,155	100	45	50
$5,000 to $9,999	30	10	20	45	20	25	111,575	52,975	58,595	120	60	60
$10,000 to $19,999	50	20	25	55	25	25	151,350	72,815	78,530	135	70	60
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	55	25	30	116,030	56,295	59,730	110	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	15	65	35	35	108,120	55,225	52,890	105	50	55
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	10	35	20	20	104,250	51,950	52,300	105	50	60
$50,000 to $59,999	20	15	0	35	20	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	115	45	70
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	25	20	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	175	100	75
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	10	5	0	52,585	28,500	24,080	150	95	50
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	10	0	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	130	75	50
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	5	5	5	31,345	18,120	13,230	90	55	35
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	20	10	10	115,575	74,545	41,030	405	270	130
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	10	0	5	47,525	28,870	18,655	140	95	50
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	10	5	5	68,050	45,675	22,375	265	175	85
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	355	175	180	610	280	330	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	1,970	1,100	865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	160	165	565	260	300	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	1,860	1,035	820
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,400	27,600	25,800	30,400	34,400	28,400	34,000	36,400	31,800	58,400	67,000	48,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	320	160	165	565	260	300	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	1,860	1,035	820
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,600	26,200	25,000	28,600	30,200	26,400	31,000	32,800	29,400	48,400	54,400	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	270	140	135	505	240	265	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	1,770	995	785
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,600	24,600	21,600	27,600	31,200	23,800	32,000	36,000	28,200	60,800	68,500	50,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	235	120	110	435	220	220	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	1,640	920	720
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,200	27,600	23,400	28,400	31,600	25,800	33,600	36,800	30,400	61,200	69,000	51,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	280	140	150	475	205	270	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	1,045	545	500
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	2,760	10,800	4,000	2,140	6,750	4,440	2,760	7,300	1,220	930	1,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	25	20	45	20	30	114,940	56,080	58,855	90	50	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,880	4,040	x	4,360	4,800	4,320	5,120	4,600	5,760	5,160	4,400	9,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	360	175	190	555	285	270	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	160	180	505	265	240	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	1,830	1,045	785
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	31,600	28,800	37,800	39,600	35,600	50,000	57,050	43,280	74,400	81,200	65,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345	160	180	505	265	240	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	1,830	1,045	785
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	28,600	26,800	32,800	33,600	31,800	39,800	43,800	35,920	54,150	57,600	49,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	150	155	455	250	210	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	1,745	1,005	735
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	27,200	22,000	34,400	37,200	31,200	49,080	57,750	40,560	76,800	83,400	67,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	260	135	125	400	215	180	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	1,630	945	685
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200	28,400	26,000	36,200	39,200	32,400	48,720	55,750	41,240	75,800	80,800	69,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	150	170	385	195	190	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	960	525	440
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	7,000	11,500	8,720	7,500	10,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	2,595	2,040	3,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	30	30	50	30	20	114,595	55,675	58,915	65	35	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	5,200	3,400	6,400	4,800	8,000	7,510	5,990	8,940	10,400	8,000	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	360	170	190	550	285	270	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	40	55	155	100	55	507,645	274,575	233,070	965	595	365
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	30,400	27,600	30,400	42,400	45,200	31,800	54,400	58,400	50,400	72,000	74,000	71,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	33,500	34,000	33,000	49,000	52,000	44,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	95,200	96,800	93,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	115	50	65	175	80	90	462,020	227,495	234,530	510	270	250
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	24,200	15,800	26,000	24,200	30,200	21,800	23,200	20,400	36,800	41,200	28,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	31,000	22,000	28,000	26,800	29,200	32,320	35,520	29,240	45,800	50,400	40,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	71.0	80.0	64.0	82.0	86.0	78.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	98.2	98.8	97.2
Employment income (%)	67.0	74.0	62.0	75.5	82.0	69.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	90.6	89.6	92.0
Government transfers (%)	28.4	21.0	36.0	17.6	13.8	22.4	12.8	8.6	18.2	1.8	1.3	2.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	3.2	1.8	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.1	0.8	1.6	0.5	0.3	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	175	...	...	365	...	...	910,355	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	48,800	...	...	66,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	43,600	...	...	58,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	185	...	...	367,395	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	34,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	30,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	120	...	...	185	...	...	542,960	...	...	555	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	74,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	58,600	...	...	92,700	...	...	112,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	51,000	...	...	74,100	...	...	83,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	180	...	...	367,255	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	49,760	...	...	81,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	29,600	...	...	40,640	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	165	...	...	543,100	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	119,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	175	...	...	365	...	...	910,355	...	...	1,350	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	18,165	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,335	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	17,665	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	25,730	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	57,720	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	41,160	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	40,595	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	41,545	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	30	...	...	42,630	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	40,980	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	75,485	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	67,695	...	...	100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	60,495	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	54,055	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	45,830	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	50	...	...	270,265	...	...	565	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	85,635	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	62,095	...	...	140	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	10	...	...	66,335	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	175	...	...	365	...	...	910,355	...	...	1,350	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	19,710	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	10,575	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	17,965	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	15	...	...	27,485	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	63,030	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	49,660	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	48,815	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	51,055	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	50,890	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	47,120	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	30	...	...	85,490	...	...	150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	75,625	...	...	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	65,530	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	54,850	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	45,065	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	35	...	...	197,490	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	78,870	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	45,905	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	120	...	...	175	...	...	501,830	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	74,500	...	...	94,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	67,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	35	...	...	179,195	...	...	330	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	71,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	63,200	...	...	75,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	85	...	...	208,260	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	60	...	...	95,875	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	52,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	46,800	...	...	59,600	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	70	50	20	205	95	110	477,085	240,895	236,195	920	560	360
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	34,800	38,800	32,800	34,000	30,600	34,400	34,800	34,000	66,000	67,500	60,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	30,200	32,000	30,000	30,200	28,800	31,200	31,200	31,200	52,800	54,400	50,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	130	...	...	155	...	...	501,905	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	30	...	...	179,455	...	...	325	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	72,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	163,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	64,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	75	...	...	208,375	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	45	...	...	95,455	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	42,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	65	35	25	210	120	90	476,520	240,280	236,245	925	585	340
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	44,000	44,000	32,400	30,400	35,500	45,520	46,520	44,560	78,000	76,000	81,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,000	40,000	40,000	28,400	26,800	30,400	37,600	37,920	37,280	58,500	57,800	60,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	455	225	230	735	355	380	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	2,080	1,160	925
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	150	85	70	365,020	186,710	178,315	130	65	60
0 to 5 years	50	25	20	50	25	25	120,615	61,615	58,995	85	40	40
18 to 64 years	290	140	150	480	230	255	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	1,890	1,060	830
65 years and over	50	25	25	105	40	60	317,425	140,270	177,155	65	30	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	40	40	170	80	85	321,885	154,370	167,510	250	140	110
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	40	25	15	54,265	27,870	26,395	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	15	10	5	18,760	9,545	9,215	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	40	25	15	95	45	55	197,020	99,310	97,710	230	135	95
65 years and over	10	5	10	30	10	20	70,600	27,185	43,415	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.5	18.0	17.0	22.6	22.0	22.8	16.4	16.0	16.9	12.0	12.2	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	24.0	20.0	26.0	28.0	24.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	12.0	10.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	20.0	x	32.0	30.0	30.0	15.6	15.5	15.6	8.0	x	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	17.0	12.0	20.0	19.5	21.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	12.2	12.6	11.6
65 years and over (%)	20.0	x	30.0	30.0	28.0	32.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	2,080	1,155	925
0 to 17 years	115	55	55	155	85	65	365,025	186,705	178,315	125	65	60
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	55	25	25	120,610	61,615	58,995	85	40	45
18 to 64 years	290	145	145	480	230	250	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	1,890	1,060	830
65 years and over	50	25	30	105	40	65	317,425	140,265	177,155	65	35	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	25	10	105	60	50	213,720	108,905	104,815	215	125	90
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	20	15	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	5	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	20	15	5	70	35	30	153,385	81,765	71,620	200	120	80
65 years and over	10	0	10	15	5	5	30,745	11,975	18,775	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	10.0	6.0	14.4	16.5	12.4	10.9	11.3	10.6	10.3	10.8	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	12.0	16.0	8.0	8.1	8.1	8.1	12.0	8.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.0	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	8.0	x	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	12.0	3.0	14.8	17.0	13.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	10.5	11.2	9.6
65 years and over (%)	12.0	x	20.0	14.0	16.0	12.0	9.7	8.5	10.6	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	455	225	230	735	355	380	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	2,080	1,160	925
In bottom half of the distribution	355	180	180	565	275	295	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	790	425	370
In bottom decile	55	30	30	160	75	85	298,540	147,890	150,655	255	145	105
In second decile	95	45	50	100	50	50	244,435	115,985	128,450	105	65	40
In third decile	80	45	40	130	65	65	240,895	116,550	124,345	110	50	60
In fourth decile	60	25	35	95	45	50	218,125	105,885	112,240	175	90	85
In fifth decile	65	30	30	80	35	45	194,765	95,185	99,580	145	80	70
In top half of the distribution	95	45	50	170	80	90	762,590	384,140	378,450	1,295	730	555
In sixth decile	35	20	20	45	20	20	172,200	85,100	87,095	185	120	65
In seventh decile	30	10	20	40	20	20	156,540	78,290	78,250	215	125	90
In eighth decile	20	0	10	40	15	20	144,120	72,600	71,525	225	120	105
In ninth decile	0	0	0	35	20	20	134,265	68,285	65,980	270	150	120
In top decile	0	0	0	15	10	10	155,465	79,870	75,595	400	225	175
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	455	...	...	735	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	2,080	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.240	...	...	0.308	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.412	...	...	0.477	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.457	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.222	...	...	0.273	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.360	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...	5.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
English only	20	15	5	290	135	155	262,290	133,690	128,600	365	210	160
French only	255	110	140	55	30	30	486,845	221,005	265,840	110	60	55
English and French	155	90	70	385	190	190	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	1,580	880	695
Neither English nor French	25	10	10	10	5	5	45,860	18,340	27,520	25	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
English	50	35	15	495	245	250	605,220	303,380	301,835	825	460	360
French	345	155	185	155	70	85	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	1,075	600	475
English and French	40	25	15	80	40	40	173,785	88,480	85,300	165	85	75
Neither English nor French	25	10	10	10	5	5	44,430	17,640	26,790	20	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
Single responses	435	215	220	685	330	355	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	1,945	1,085	860
Official languages	180	95	90	410	190	225	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	1,300	760	540
English	30	25	10	335	155	180	322,315	162,085	160,230	400	255	150
French	155	70	80	75	30	45	870,975	428,435	442,540	900	510	390
Non-official languages	250	120	130	270	140	130	643,275	311,525	331,750	650	325	320
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	250	120	130	270	140	130	642,820	311,370	331,445	650	325	320
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	55	30	25	129,195	68,395	60,805	110	75	35
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	25	45	25	25	112,200	59,320	52,880	110	70	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	45	25	25	40	20	20	107,605	56,960	50,645	110	70	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	5	5	5	24,640	11,340	13,300	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	5	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	5	5	19,905	9,185	10,725	20	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25	18,505	7,175	11,330	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	15	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	40	35	5	5	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	15	25	5	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	15	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	35	50	120	65	55	329,415	158,980	170,435	330	165	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	37,235	16,405	20,835	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	36,800	16,245	20,555	55	25	30
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	15	10	17,695	7,755	9,935	35	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	5	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5	17,080	8,125	8,955	5	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	65	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	20	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	10	10	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	45	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	45	20	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	10	5	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5	16,025	7,945	8,080	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	5	0	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	35	50	65	35	30	183,755	87,295	96,460	175	90	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	10	10	5	63,560	29,680	33,880	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	20	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15	15,020	7,070	7,945	25	15	15
Spanish	70	25	40	20	10	15	85,395	41,150	44,250	110	60	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	15	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	20	10	10	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	10	5	0	57,075	26,030	31,035	140	60	80
Chinese languages	10	5	5	10	5	0	56,890	25,955	30,935	140	60	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	5	0	37,985	17,270	20,715	105	45	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	30	10	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	55	25	30	143,450	71,980	71,470	135	75	65
English and French	0	0	0	20	15	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	45	30	20
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	20	10	10	32,265	15,955	16,310	40	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	5	5	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	5,625	2,630	3,000	15	5	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
English	30	15	10	330	160	175	340,470	170,050	170,425	415	245	175
French	170	80	85	65	30	35	779,125	383,000	396,125	695	395	295
Non-official language	80	40	45	90	45	50	204,395	96,705	107,690	145	75	70
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	80	40	45	90	45	50	204,315	96,670	107,645	145	75	70
English and French	15	5	10	45	20	25	173,135	89,205	83,935	345	200	145
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	90	45	45	135,390	66,995	68,400	230	120	110
French and non-official language(s)	115	55	65	55	30	25	180,900	85,935	94,965	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	50	20	25	154,470	76,450	78,020	185	95	90
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	12,130	5,690	6,435	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	455	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
Single responses	410	200	205	685	325	360	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	1,870	1,050	820
Official languages	260	125	140	530	250	280	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	1,600	910	690
English	35	20	15	415	200	215	479,850	239,270	240,580	675	390	285
French	230	105	125	115	50	65	956,130	471,155	484,975	925	520	405
Non-official languages	145	75	70	155	75	85	370,290	177,955	192,335	270	135	135
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	75	70	155	75	85	370,125	177,895	192,235	270	135	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	35	20	15	66,095	34,080	32,015	30	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	25	15	15	58,585	30,100	28,490	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	25	10	10	56,520	29,075	27,445	30	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	5	10	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	35	75	35	40	188,550	90,370	98,185	155	80	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	21,410	9,870	11,540	20	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15	21,300	9,830	11,475	20	5	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10	12,475	5,775	6,700	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	50,680	26,200	24,485	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	35	20	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	35	20	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	5	0	5
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	40	15	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	90	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	5	22,105	9,270	12,835	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	15	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10	8,915	4,290	4,620	10	5	0
Spanish	60	30	30	15	5	5	54,335	26,035	28,300	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	5	0	5	43,570	20,275	23,295	70	30	40
Chinese languages	10	5	0	5	0	5	43,475	20,230	23,240	70	30	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	5	0	0	30,855	14,425	16,430	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	25	55	30	25	173,745	85,640	88,110	210	110	105
English and French	10	5	5	20	10	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	95	60	40
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	20	10	10	39,365	19,140	20,225	60	25	30
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	10	5	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	0	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	25	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	450	225	230	735	355	385	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	2,080	1,160	925
None	315	160	155	525	260	270	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	1,430	800	625
English	10	5	5	35	15	25	131,630	67,290	64,340	240	125	115
French	45	25	25	45	25	15	126,780	62,180	64,600	125	75	50
Non-official language	45	20	30	80	40	40	144,335	69,210	75,130	140	80	60
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	30	80	40	40	144,155	69,135	75,015	140	80	60
English and French	15	10	0	10	5	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	20	15	10	38,875	19,700	19,180	55	30	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	5	10	33,620	16,170	17,450	55	30	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	5	5	5	11,505	5,770	5,735	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	480	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	2,015	1,145	870
Official languages	465	240	225	645	335	310	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	2,000	1,140	860
English	150	95	60	575	300	270	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	1,850	1,075	775
French	425	210	215	400	205	195	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	1,645	940	710
Non-official languages	370	175	195	395	210	185	971,455	471,755	499,700	1,010	525	485
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	175	195	395	210	185	970,710	471,495	499,220	1,010	525	485
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	30	65	35	30	217,295	113,605	103,690	220	130	85
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	25	15	10
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	15	15	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	20	10	10	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	45	30	45	25	20	205,120	107,210	97,905	220	130	85
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	30	20	10	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	215	130	85
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	15	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	45	15	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	45	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	70	25	45	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	65	25	40	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	70	75	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	130	60	75	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	10	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	10	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	15	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	270	165	105	514,485	250,190	264,295	520	295	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	35	20	50,700	23,530	27,165	55	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	35	20	50,190	23,320	26,870	45	15	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10	10,130	4,475	5,650	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	50	35	15	29,515	13,855	15,655	30	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	30	25	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	25	20	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	25	20	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	35	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	90	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	30	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	40	25	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	30	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	25	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	10	10	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	65	25	40
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	65	25	40
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	45	25	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	150	85	65	324,695	154,360	170,340	330	190	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	10	0	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	45	25	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	50	20	30
Romanian	0	0	0	100	55	45	18,785	8,935	9,850	30	10	20
Spanish	75	40	35	55	30	25	193,835	91,345	102,490	255	155	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	30	10	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	20	0	15	33,295	16,860	16,435	20	20	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	160	70	95
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	160	70	95
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	130	45	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	60	20	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	15	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	2,015	1,145	875
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	20	10	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	20	10	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	10	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	475	250	230	635	325	310	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	2,005	1,135	875
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	2,015	1,145	875
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	2,015	1,145	875
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
Owner	65	...	...	70	...	...	360,125	...	...	685	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	270	...	...	550,240	...	...	660	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	70	...	...	192,985	...	...	1,340	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	270	...	...	717,375	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	19,730	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	165	...	...	267,715	...	...	680	...	...
2 bedrooms	60	...	...	145	...	...	303,875	...	...	505	...	...
3 bedrooms	90	...	...	15	...	...	220,945	...	...	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	98,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	315	...	...	501,570	...	...	1,230	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	20	...	...	166,230	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	78,495	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	105,210	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.7	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
One person or fewer per room	175	...	...	320	...	...	881,730	...	...	1,315	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	20	...	...	28,630	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
Suitable	155	...	...	275	...	...	834,885	...	...	1,290	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	65	...	...	75,475	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	55	...	...	325,005	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	110	...	...	160	...	...	282,605	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	20	...	...	101,185	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	15	...	...	63,765	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	45	...	...	32,020	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	30	...	...	32,875	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	10	...	...	35,320	...	...	500	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	160	...	...	295	...	...	833,540	...	...	1,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	40	...	...	76,815	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
One-maintainer household	110	...	...	260	...	...	543,605	...	...	960	...	...
Two-maintainer household	55	...	...	65	...	...	333,140	...	...	380	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,340	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	40,960	...	...	120	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	35	...	...	162,375	...	...	600	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	70	...	...	171,535	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	70	...	...	155,520	...	...	115	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	90	...	...	156,865	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	50	...	...	122,825	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	70,345	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	180	...	...	340	...	...	902,485	...	...	1,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	235	...	...	686,075	...	...	915	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	60	...	...	110	...	...	216,410	...	...	400	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	100	...	...	189,795	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	185	...	...	340	...	...	910,360	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	195	...	...	330,635	...	...	450	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	50	...	...	85	...	...	186,350	...	...	400	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	45	...	...	56,480	...	...	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	30	...	...	50,745	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	85	...	...	145	...	...	579,720	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	185	...	...	330	...	...	875,865	...	...	1,255	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	60	...	...	87,945	...	...	40	...	...
Not in core need	180	...	...	270	...	...	787,925	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	75	...	...	360,120	...	...	680	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	83.3	...	...	80.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	86.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	66.7	...	...	26.7	...	...	17.4	...	...	28.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,100	...	...	1,400	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...	1,360	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,924	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	452,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	350,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	501,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	120	...	...	270	...	...	550,235	...	...	655	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	7.4	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.8	...	...	31.5	...	...	28.4	...	...	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	21.2	...	...	14.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	725	...	...	890	...	...	1,510	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	780	...	...	987	...	...	1,610	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	480	250	230	650	340	315	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	2,015	1,140	870
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	15	10	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	25	25	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	15	10	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	25	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	25	25	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	10	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	475	250	225	635	325	310	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	1,980	1,110	870
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	480	245	230	655	335	310	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	2,015	1,145	870
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	365	190	180	560	280	280	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	1,500	855	645
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100	70	30	105	55	50	322,965	164,980	157,985	95	50	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	265	115	150	460	225	235	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	1,410	810	600
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	115	60	50	85	55	25	313,410	160,530	152,885	515	285	230
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	480	245	230	655	335	310	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	2,015	1,145	870
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	215	130	85	270	140	130	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	1,055	625	430
Immigrants⁸¹	225	100	125	350	170	175	652,730	313,955	338,770	670	365	300
Before 1980	35	20	10	25	10	20	108,265	50,530	57,735	10	10	0
1980 to 1990	40	10	35	30	25	10	69,695	34,150	35,545	45	20	20
1991 to 2000	40	20	25	110	60	50	106,810	50,520	56,290	145	70	75
2001 to 2010	40	20	20	70	25	45	154,780	74,520	80,255	185	110	75
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	35	40	115	60	55	213,175	104,225	108,950	295	165	130
2011 to 2015	50	20	30	70	45	25	99,070	48,005	51,065	85	50	35
2016 to 2021	20	15	10	45	20	25	114,110	56,220	57,885	205	115	90
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	20	15	35	30	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	290	150	140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	225	100	125	345	170	175	652,725	313,955	338,770	670	370	300
Under 5 years	0	0	0	25	20	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	80	45	40
5 to 14 years	40	25	15	55	25	30	103,285	51,965	51,320	145	80	70
15 to 24 years	60	35	25	40	30	15	118,475	53,035	65,440	100	60	40
25 to 44 years	120	45	75	220	95	125	326,320	158,620	167,700	315	175	135
45 years and over	0	0	0	15	10	10	51,660	23,520	28,140	30	15	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	225	100	125	345	170	175	652,725	313,955	338,770	670	370	300
Americas	125	55	75	85	30	50	137,955	63,465	74,485	100	50	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	10	0	10
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	95	40	55	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	25	15	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	45	15	35	33,410	15,245	18,160	25	15	10
Europe	10	10	0	115	60	55	158,795	76,610	82,190	145	90	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	80	60	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	10	10	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	75	45	30	11,970	5,495	6,470	30	15	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	15	10	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	15	10	0
Africa	55	25	30	40	30	15	152,205	77,515	74,690	110	75	35
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	25	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	10	15	10	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	55	40	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	15	15	47,960	24,705	23,260	25	20	0
Asia	35	15	20	105	55	55	202,715	95,775	106,935	310	155	160
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	20	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	40	10	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	45	35	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	75	30	50
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	25	0	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	70	30	45	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	15	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	20	10	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	40	25	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	15	10	45	15	30	114,110	56,220	57,885	205	115	90
Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	35	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	15	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	50	35	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	40	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	15	0	15	36,195	17,970	18,225	40	30	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	15	10	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	25	10	15	41,495	19,890	21,600	90	40	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	25	10	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	15	15	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	25	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	10	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	2,015	1,145	870
First generation¹⁰⁰	290	140	145	390	205	190	813,905	400,325	413,580	980	530	450
Second generation¹⁰¹	140	80	60	170	80	90	424,225	212,755	211,475	365	195	170
Third generation or more¹⁰²	50	30	20	90	50	40	721,230	352,590	368,630	665	415	250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	195	80	115	325	165	155	544,455	263,425	281,040	665	360	300
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	35	10	20	200	115	85	303,105	155,090	148,020	470	260	210
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	10	10	100	55	50	151,015	87,200	63,815	260	180	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	10	0	10	95	60	35	152,090	67,890	84,205	210	80	125
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	115	55	60	55	25	30	146,645	59,645	87,000	115	50	60
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	10	35	55	20	35	85,165	44,145	41,025	70	45	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15	0	15	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	195	80	115	325	165	155	544,455	263,425	281,040	665	360	300
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	10	60	20	40	53,655	28,340	25,310	20	20	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	0	20	50	0	50	56,685	26,490	30,195	40	20	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	35	10	25
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	140	90	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	10	10	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	155	70	85	200	125	65	387,815	184,015	203,795	415	215	200
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	2,015	1,145	875
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	365	175	185	340	175	165	737,510	363,785	373,725	820	410	410
South Asian	0	0	0	45	35	10	91,370	48,660	42,710	50	40	15
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	180	70	105
Black	185	90	95	165	75	90	208,805	101,125	107,680	90	45	45
Filipino	0	0	0	75	30	45	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	65	35	30	25	15	10	151,890	79,375	72,515	160	90	70
Latin American	60	25	35	20	10	10	82,550	40,580	41,970	115	75	35
Southeast Asian	50	20	25	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	70	25	45
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	60	30	30
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	35	10	30
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	30	15	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	120	70	45	310	165	145	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	1,195	735	460
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	480	245	225	650	340	310	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	2,015	1,145	870
Canadian	25	15	10	50	30	20	241,015	115,880	125,135	230	140	85
English	0	0	0	25	15	20	59,710	30,025	29,685	65	50	15
Irish	0	0	0	35	20	20	102,325	48,885	53,440	125	85	45
Scottish	0	0	0	25	0	25	61,620	29,560	32,065	40	30	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	0	0	0	50	20	30	336,880	169,710	167,170	420	300	125
German	0	0	0	15	10	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	40	20	20
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	175	75	105
Italian	35	25	0	30	20	10	156,025	76,485	79,535	105	50	50
Indian (India)	0	0	0	10	10	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	25	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	20	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	0	15	33,540	16,340	17,200	30	20	10
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	80	40	35
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	10	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	75	30	40	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,400	31,740	34,655	20	10	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	35	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	15	10	0
Métis	0	0	0	15	10	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	20	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	30	20	10	28,610	13,415	15,195	25	0	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	10	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	10	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	15	35,975	17,775	18,200	55	50	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	0	25	12,160	5,830	6,335	10	10	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	30	10	20	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	20	15	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	40	25	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	60	25	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	10	10	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	55	40	10
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	10	33,345	16,475	16,865	35	25	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	15	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	20	0	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	40	10	30
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	30	21,785	10,470	11,320	40	15	20
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	70	50	25
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	25	15	15
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	10	10	0
Haitian	155	70	80	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	30	15	15
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	30	15	20
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	30	30	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	15	0	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	15	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	15	0	10
Moroccan	35	25	15	15	10	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	55	40	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	20	0	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	10	0	10	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	25	10	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	10	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	35	20	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	25	10	20
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	10	10	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	25	10	20	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	15	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	20	0	15
Berber	20	10	10	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	15	0	15
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	15	10	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	35	0	30	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	475	250	230	650	340	310	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	2,015	1,145	875
Buddhist	40	20	20	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	30	10	20
Christian	285	135	150	360	165	195	969,945	451,410	518,540	785	455	325
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	50	15	35	45	15	30	116,635	55,545	61,090	175	100	70
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	35	15	15	14,835	6,640	8,190	15	15	0
Baptist	45	25	20	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	160	90	75	170	80	90	675,695	314,690	361,010	465	270	195
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	65	40	30	68,635	32,680	35,950	85	40	40
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	10	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0	10	25	10	15	41,965	19,030	22,935	40	20	20
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	30	20	10	73,900	36,055	37,840	45	35	15
Muslim	80	45	35	40	30	10	233,440	121,145	112,290	230	110	120
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	25	20	10
No religion and secular perspectives	65	50	20	200	100	100	590,140	310,985	279,165	885	500	380
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	480	250	230	650	335	310	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	2,005	1,135	865
Non-movers	430	220	210	600	310	290	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	1,510	845	665
Movers	50	30	20	50	30	20	255,365	129,500	125,865	490	290	205
Non-migrants	50	30	20	45	20	20	186,805	94,745	92,055	325	205	125
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	165	90	80
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	115	60	55
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	50	25	30
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	65	40	25
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	55	30	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	445	225	220	610	325	285	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	1,935	1,095	845
Non-movers	190	90	100	380	180	195	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	335	195	140
Movers	255	135	125	230	145	90	821,475	413,250	408,230	1,600	900	695
Non-migrants	165	85	85	90	45	40	433,700	216,030	217,670	795	440	345
Migrants	90	50	40	140	100	40	387,770	197,215	190,560	805	460	350
Internal migrants	20	10	10	90	65	25	190,035	93,955	96,075	490	290	200
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	50	40	0	159,710	78,770	80,940	340	205	135
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	45	25	20	30,325	15,190	15,135	155	85	65
External migrants	70	40	30	50	30	15	197,735	103,260	94,485	315	165	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	360	170	190	555	285	270	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	70	35	80	35	40	274,820	136,500	138,320	45	30	15
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	255	105	145	475	250	225	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	1,870	1,065	805
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	250	115	135	395	195	205	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	1,620	930	685
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	65	35	30	35	20	15	121,295	65,950	55,345	20	15	10
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	190	85	105	355	175	180	975,700	481,690	494,005	1,595	920	675
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	360	175	185	555	285	270	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	60	35	75	35	40	247,460	120,840	126,625	40	25	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	110	45	65	140	65	70	319,755	162,520	157,240	190	115	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	65	85	345	190	155	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	1,680	950	730
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	45	70	165	95	70	473,060	232,855	240,210	455	280	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	40	50	45	25	25	146,170	81,740	64,425	80	55	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	60	25	35	20	15	10	106,110	54,025	52,085	55	40	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	20	10	25	15	15	40,055	27,715	12,340	20	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15	0	15	90	50	40	260,845	122,345	138,495	300	175	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	30	25	0	66,045	28,760	37,285	75	50	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	35	20	20	180	90	90	609,855	291,355	318,505	1,225	670	555
Bachelor's degree	15	10	10	105	55	55	344,605	160,320	184,285	655	350	300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	20	10	10	58,945	27,280	31,665	145	75	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	45	30	15
Master's degree	10	10	0	40	15	25	159,510	78,325	81,190	350	185	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	30	25	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	250	115	135	395	195	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	1,620	935	685
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	25	30	30	15	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	15	10	10
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	20	40	95	35	55	162,205	88,420	73,785	115	80	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	65	75	270	135	130	831,975	403,420	428,555	1,485	840	645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	45	55	130	65	65	333,160	167,260	165,895	410	265	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	45	40	50	25	20	110,390	60,690	49,700	65	50	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	20	30	20	10	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	45	35	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	20	10	25	10	10	29,300	20,105	9,195	20	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10	0	10	75	35	40	174,185	84,745	89,445	270	165	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	0	0	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	80	50	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	40	20	15	140	75	65	498,815	236,155	262,665	1,070	580	490
Bachelor's degree	20	0	10	95	45	50	276,640	128,890	147,745	530	295	240
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	15	10	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	140	70	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	40	30	10
Master's degree	10	10	0	25	10	15	137,150	66,720	70,430	320	160	160
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	35	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	360	175	185	555	285	270	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,915	1,095	825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	205	105	100	210	100	115	567,220	283,355	283,860	230	140	95
Education	10	0	10	25	10	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	15	0	15
13. Education	10	0	10	25	10	15	56,030	12,985	43,045	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	0	0	0	69,210	32,705	36,505	120	65	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	35	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	0	0	0	61,135	27,085	34,045	85	40	45
Humanities	0	0	0	15	15	0	78,920	30,815	48,110	60	25	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	10	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	25	20	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	45	15	30	157,220	58,185	99,040	230	100	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	18,245	2,110	16,130	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	50	25	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	30	10	20
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	25	10	10	59,300	29,185	30,110	100	55	50
Business, management and public administration	25	0	20	60	45	20	248,895	110,950	137,945	610	350	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	0	20	60	45	20	237,125	108,040	129,090	605	350	250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	15	15	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	45	30	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	25	20	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	40	25	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	155	105	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	30	25	10	53,075	39,595	13,480	140	95	45
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	60	40	15	173,380	143,615	29,765	240	190	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	25	15	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	30	15	15	78,800	61,515	17,290	175	150	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	10	10	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	10	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	0	45	70	20	45	122,295	30,795	91,495	170	60	115
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	45	0	45	70	20	45	109,185	24,140	85,045	145	40	105
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	10	0	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	25	20	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	250	115	135	395	195	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	1,615	930	685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	110	45	65	130	60	70	265,025	144,230	120,800	135	95	40
Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	15	0	15
13. Education	10	0	10	15	0	15	38,405	8,860	29,545	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	0	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	120	60	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	35	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	85	40	45
Humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	52,565	20,765	31,805	50	20	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	25	20	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	45	15	30	121,985	44,105	77,880	195	80	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	10	0	10	14,380	1,525	12,850	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	45	15	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	20	10	10	44,580	21,945	22,635	95	50	45
Business, management and public administration	20	10	15	45	25	20	199,525	87,920	111,600	550	315	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	10	15	45	25	20	190,410	85,600	104,810	540	315	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	10	10	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	45	25	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	25	20	10	53,860	38,275	15,590	115	80	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	25	20	10	45,135	33,805	11,335	105	80	30
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	45	0	45	30	10	137,395	112,025	25,370	225	175	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	20	0	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	25	15	10	66,210	51,090	15,115	170	145	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	10	10	0	16,030	15,195	835	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	10	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	10	10	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	35	55	15	40	92,595	23,265	69,330	140	55	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	55	15	40	82,410	18,370	64,045	120	35	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	25	20	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	15	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	250	115	135	395	195	200	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	1,615	930	685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	45	65	130	60	70	265,025	144,230	120,800	135	95	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	135	65	75	265	135	130	831,975	403,415	428,560	1,485	840	645
Location of study inside Canada	90	50	40	165	85	85	598,455	286,340	312,115	1,160	655	500
Same as province or territory of residence	90	50	40	150	75	75	566,540	270,160	296,380	1,025	580	445
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	15	10	10	31,915	16,180	15,735	130	75	55
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	50	20	30	105	50	50	233,520	117,075	116,445	325	185	145
Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	65	40	25
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	30	25	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	20	15	10	74,705	39,515	35,190	175	95	80
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	115	65	50
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	20	15	10	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	25	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	25	0	20	15	0	10	50,645	26,790	23,860	25	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	10	10	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	55	30	30	65,125	28,945	36,180	65	35	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	15	20	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	25	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	360	175	185	555	285	270	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	1,915	1,090	820
In the labour force	255	125	130	355	205	150	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	1,620	935	685
Employed	210	100	110	310	185	130	971,245	502,885	468,360	1,490	860	625
Unemployed	45	25	20	45	25	20	110,395	58,460	51,935	135	75	60
Not in the labour force	105	50	55	200	80	125	568,495	246,215	322,280	295	155	140
Participation rate	70.8	71.4	70.3	64.0	71.9	55.6	65.5	69.5	61.8	84.6	85.8	83.5
Employment rate	58.3	57.1	59.5	55.9	64.9	48.1	58.9	62.3	55.6	77.8	78.9	76.2
Unemployment rate	17.6	20.0	15.4	12.7	12.2	13.3	10.2	10.4	10.0	8.3	8.0	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	360	175	185	555	280	270	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	1,915	1,095	825
Did not work¹⁸⁶	130	75	50	215	90	120	582,470	253,075	329,400	330	170	160
Worked	235	100	135	340	190	150	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	1,580	920	660
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	100	40	60	150	100	50	529,400	287,950	241,450	1,010	625	385
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	135	55	80	190	90	95	538,265	266,540	271,725	570	295	270
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	39.2	38.4	35.7	38.0	32.8	39.7	40.2	39.3	43.0	44.3	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	255	125	130	355	210	145	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	1,620	940	685
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	20	0	10	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	230	100	125	345	200	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	1,605	930	675
Employee	205	85	120	310	185	125	907,745	457,830	449,915	1,375	775	600
Permanent position	170	70	100	270	165	105	741,830	380,445	361,385	1,175	675	495
Temporary position	35	15	20	45	25	25	165,915	77,385	88,530	205	100	105
Fixed term (1 year or more)	15	0	10	20	15	10	69,690	31,285	38,405	125	65	60
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	10	10	25	10	15	96,225	46,100	50,120	85	35	45
Self-employed¹⁹²	20	20	0	30	15	15	142,380	88,145	54,230	225	155	75
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	255	125	130	355	210	145	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	1,620	940	685
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	20	0	10	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	230	100	125	345	200	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	1,605	930	675
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	50	15	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	75	40	35	207,660	79,975	127,685	435	200	240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	30	20	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	310	255	60
3 Health occupations	35	0	35	45	15	30	85,545	21,700	63,845	125	45	80
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	30	10	15	140,500	46,385	94,115	140	80	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	15	0	10	61,790	31,615	30,175	130	80	50
6 Sales and service occupations	70	20	45	115	70	50	263,055	135,300	127,750	310	170	135
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	35	35	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	95	80	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	15	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	255	125	130	355	210	145	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	1,620	940	685
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	20	0	10	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	10	10
All industries¹⁹¹	230	100	125	345	200	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	1,605	930	675
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	10	0	0
23 Construction	30	30	0	10	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	65	45	15
31-33 Manufacturing	30	10	15	25	15	10	86,535	58,295	28,235	70	40	35
41 Wholesale trade	25	10	15	10	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	35	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	40	30	15	111,555	56,180	55,375	105	50	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	25	20	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	80	50	25
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	105	60	45
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	160	105	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	25	15	10	130,405	75,750	54,655	450	295	150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	20	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	0	20	30	15	15	49,530	29,800	19,735	25	10	15
61 Educational services	0	0	0	20	20	10	95,290	34,510	60,780	50	25	25
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	45	50	15	35	142,545	36,095	106,450	130	40	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	10	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	30	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	25	15	15	59,510	32,125	27,380	95	65	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	0	30	0	20	43,990	17,935	26,050	60	10	45
91 Public administration	0	0	0	20	20	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	90	45	40
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	240	105	130	385	215	170	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	1,695	975	720
English	15	10	0	130	85	45	201,310	110,165	91,150	395	255	140
French	155	60	90	60	20	35	416,430	206,170	210,265	415	230	185
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	60	30	35	180	100	85	473,485	249,700	223,785	815	470	345
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	20	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	28,645	14,450	14,195	45	15	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	240	105	130	385	215	170	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	1,695	975	720
Single responses	215	95	120	335	190	150	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	1,420	815	600
Official languages	205	90	115	330	185	150	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	1,415	815	600
English	20	15	10	215	130	80	361,715	194,885	166,835	680	410	270
French	185	75	105	115	50	70	645,885	327,180	318,705	735	405	330
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	50	30	25	126,180	65,940	60,240	275	155	115
English and French	25	10	15	50	30	25	116,535	60,925	55,605	265	155	110
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	240	105	130	385	215	170	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	1,695	975	720
None	195	80	115	240	140	105	743,180	381,875	361,305	1,065	625	435
English	30	15	15	50	25	25	219,885	116,455	103,430	315	175	140
French	10	0	0	85	50	35	149,470	78,495	70,975	260	150	110
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	35	20	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	35	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	10	9,295	4,530	4,765	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	215	95	110	310	180	125	971,245	502,885	468,360	1,485	860	625
Worked at home	30	20	15	70	35	40	298,820	151,335	147,485	820	495	325
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	45	40	0	20	15	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	60	50	15
Usual place of work	135	45	95	220	135	85	580,035	286,695	293,340	595	305	285
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	135	45	90	220	135	85	580,035	286,695	293,340	595	305	290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	80	20	60	155	80	70	427,475	202,010	225,465	480	245	235
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	55	40	15	91,735	47,670	44,070	25	15	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	20	25	10	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	80	40	40
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	180	80	100	240	150	90	669,150	349,485	319,665	660	355	300
Car, truck or van	130	75	55	130	95	35	395,615	229,315	166,300	340	190	150
Car, truck or van - as a driver	115	70	45	120	95	30	365,770	218,475	147,295	330	190	140
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	10	0	10	29,845	10,845	19,005	15	0	15
Public transit	45	0	40	80	35	45	177,860	74,605	103,260	140	80	55
Walked	0	0	0	15	10	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	150	70	75
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	15	0	10
Other method	0	0	0	10	10	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	180	80	100	240	150	90	669,150	349,485	319,665	660	355	300
Less than 15 minutes	0	0	0	30	20	15	125,240	61,185	64,055	100	60	45
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	30	90	60	25	241,005	129,590	111,420	295	160	135
30 to 44 minutes	75	35	35	60	35	30	176,925	96,710	80,215	165	95	70
45 to 59 minutes	20	15	10	25	10	15	67,635	33,110	34,530	45	25	25
60 minutes and over	25	0	25	35	25	10	58,350	28,905	29,445	50	20	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	180	80	100	240	150	90	669,150	349,485	319,665	660	355	300
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	15	0	20	20	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	30	10	15	15	0	95,270	56,280	38,990	85	45	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	15	20	45	25	20	166,695	79,410	87,280	180	100	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	20	50	40	10	149,185	68,865	80,320	180	80	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	10	55	20	35	106,855	50,615	56,240	140	85	55
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	0	30	60	30	30	112,350	65,830	46,520	45	25	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	115	60	55	155	85	70	371,310	189,920	181,390	130	65	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	10	5	60	35	25	109,065	56,315	52,750	50	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	50	95	55	40	262,245	133,605	128,640	80	40	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	75	35	40	110	60	45	264,905	135,505	129,395	55	30	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	40	25	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5	40	20	20	67,535	34,945	32,590	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	65	40	30	182,020	92,755	89,270	30	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table