Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662663More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24662682More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24660644More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	461	...	...	501	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	626	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	296	...	...	218	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	284	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	281	...	...	212	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	261	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,299.0	...	...	9,524.7	...	...	6.5	...	...	9,246.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	0.05	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	465	200	260	500	245	250	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	625	290	340
0 to 14 years	60	30	30	90	40	55	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	120	60	60
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	35	15	20	422,980	217,145	205,840	40	20	15
5 to 9 years	20	10	10	35	10	20	478,955	245,295	233,665	35	20	20
10 to 14 years	20	10	15	25	15	10	489,425	250,855	238,570	40	20	20
15 to 64 years	255	120	135	330	175	155	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	385	180	210
15 to 19 years	20	5	10	30	15	15	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	10	15
20 to 24 years	15	5	10	40	25	15	460,660	235,250	225,405	35	10	25
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	40	25	20	527,150	266,455	260,700	40	20	15
30 to 34 years	20	5	10	25	10	15	536,040	267,770	268,270	40	15	20
35 to 39 years	30	20	15	30	20	10	550,425	274,350	276,075	50	25	25
40 to 44 years	25	10	15	40	20	25	572,565	286,405	286,160	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	35	15	15	516,465	259,565	256,905	40	20	20
50 to 54 years	35	20	15	35	20	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	45	25	20
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	30	20	10	615,690	307,230	308,465	35	10	25
60 to 64 years	35	15	25	20	10	15	625,610	307,710	317,900	30	10	15
65 years and over	150	50	95	80	30	45	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	120	50	70
65 to 69 years	35	15	20	25	15	10	541,970	264,020	277,950	30	10	15
70 to 74 years	35	10	25	15	0	10	455,900	217,985	237,910	35	15	20
75 to 79 years	35	10	25	10	5	5	330,840	153,790	177,050	30	15	20
80 to 84 years	15	5	15	20	10	10	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	5	10
85 years and over	15	5	10	10	5	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	15	5	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	10	5	10	131,755	50,610	81,150	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	15.0	11.5	18.0	16.3	22.0	16.4	17.0	15.8	19.2	20.7	17.6
15 to 64 years	54.8	60.0	51.9	66.0	71.4	62.0	63.0	63.9	62.1	61.6	62.1	61.8
65 years and over	32.3	25.0	36.5	16.0	12.2	18.0	20.6	19.1	22.1	19.2	17.2	20.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.5	3.8	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.4	1.7	1.5
Average age of the population	48.8	46.0	51.0	39.0	38.6	39.4	42.8	41.8	43.7	40.9	40.0	41.6
Median age of the population	52.0	49.6	54.8	38.4	38.4	39.6	43.2	42.0	44.0	40.8	40.4	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	280	...	...	210	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
Single-detached house	10	...	...	5	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	75	...	...	271,245	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	140	...	...	125	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	90	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	280	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
1 person	175	...	...	90	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	50	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	480,135	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	35	...	...	427,605	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	460	200	260	500	250	250	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	620	285	335
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	400	170	230	405	210	200	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	510	230	280
Married or living common-law	135	70	60	160	80	80	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	290	140	145
Married	90	50	40	135	70	70	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	190	90	95
Living common-law	40	20	15	25	10	10	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	100	55	50
Living common law - Never married	30	20	15	20	10	10	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	80	35	40
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	5	5	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	20	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	270	100	170	250	130	115	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	220	85	135
Not married and not living common law - Never married	145	65	85	165	90	75	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	150	60	90
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	5	15	5	10	106,275	48,095	58,175	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	75	20	55	40	20	25	494,210	197,455	296,755	35	10	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	5	30	30	5	20	380,100	89,515	290,580	15	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	95	...	...	120	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	175	...	...
2 persons	55	...	...	50	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	20	...	...	454,980	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	25	...	...	412,850	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	20	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	2.1	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	125	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	175	...	...
Total couple families	60	...	...	75	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	140	...	...
Married couples	40	...	...	65	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	45	...	...	502,020	...	...	55	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	20	...	...	609,605	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	10	...	...	828,005	...	...	50	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	5	...	...	401,885	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	5	...	...	5	...	...	426,120	...	...	20	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	45	...	...	383,775	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	40	...	...	284,025	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	460	200	260	500	250	250	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	625	285	335
Total - Persons in census families	265	120	145	390	185	210	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	505	240	265
Married spouses or common-law partners	120	60	60	155	75	75	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	285	140	140
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30	45	5	40	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	10	25
Children⁶	110	60	50	195	105	95	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	190	90	100
In a two-parent family	65	35	25	110	55	55	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	140	65	75
In a one-parent family	45	25	20	85	50	35	585,820	317,400	268,415	50	25	25
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	195	80	115	110	60	45	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	120	50	70
Living alone	180	70	105	90	55	35	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	70	30	40
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	5	0	0	165,070	74,060	91,005	20	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	5	0	0	15	10	5	268,810	158,325	110,485	35	10	20
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	285	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	95	...	...	105	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	165	...	...
Couple-family households	60	...	...	70	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	135	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	45	...	...	851,835	...	...	80	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	25	...	...	982,260	...	...	55	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	35	...	...	331,395	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	5	...	...	139,280	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	175	...	...	85	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	70	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	395	170	225	410	210	200	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	505	230	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	170	215	385	200	185	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	490	225	270
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,600	27,000	23,000	31,400	32,800	28,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	56,400	66,000	51,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	170	215	385	200	185	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	490	225	270
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,200	24,800	22,800	29,200	29,800	28,800	36,400	39,200	33,600	47,200	51,600	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	240	115	125	315	170	145	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	475	220	255
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	28,600	22,800	22,800	23,400	21,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	48,000	63,200	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	185	95	95	270	150	115	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	390	180	205
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,200	29,600	22,200	24,800	24,600	24,800	36,000	40,400	31,600	54,000	71,000	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	150	205	360	180	175	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	370	150	220
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	16,800	15,400	18,200	12,500	10,000	15,800	11,500	10,200	12,300	9,000	7,950	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30	10	20	60	30	30	837,635	441,080	396,550	35	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	x	x	5,920	6,500	5,840	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,680	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	100	55	45	140	75	60	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	120	55	65
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	7,500	9,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	370	160	215	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	230	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	160	205	385	195	185	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	490	220	270
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,000	40,000	36,200	34,800	37,600	51,160	57,550	44,960	82,000	78,000	86,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	160	205	385	195	185	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	490	220	270
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,800	36,500	35,200	32,000	30,200	34,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	61,000	58,800	62,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	235	115	120	315	175	140	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	475	220	250
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,000	39,000	27,200	29,200	24,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	78,000	72,000	83,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	190	95	95	290	160	130	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	415	195	220
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	49,000	44,000	27,600	29,000	26,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	78,000	72,000	83,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	340	140	200	335	170	165	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	330	140	185
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	16,000	14,000	17,400	15,650	10,700	20,800	12,410	11,500	13,220	10,160	9,400	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	25	35	65	30	35	837,180	441,665	395,515	30	15	15
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,000	6,400	6,200	6,400	5,600	7,040	6,380	7,780	8,500	6,000	10,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	100	45	55	160	85	70	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	95	50	50
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	10,000	9,200	10,200	9,600	10,800	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,000	8,800	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	375	160	210	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	230	270
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	70	25	40	65	40	25	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	220	120	105
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,500	x	56,800	49,600	54,000	x	58,400	62,800	53,600	91,000	91,000	89,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,000	110,000	70,000	56,000	60,000	48,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	111,000	100,000	124,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	55	45	185	90	100	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	140	60	80
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	30,600	20,000	14,200	14,200	14,500	18,600	21,400	16,600	15,300	12,000	26,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	32,000	24,000	21,400	20,000	22,400	28,160	32,120	24,360	43,000	26,000	56,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	64.0	72.0	58.0	62.0	74.0	50.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	92.0	92.0	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.0	66.0	50.0	58.0	68.0	48.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	80.0	80.0	80.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	35.6	28.0	43.0	37.6	26.0	49.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	8.3	7.6	8.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.8	2.4	2.8	2.4	3.2	1.7	1.5	2.0	0.7	0.4	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.5	7.6	7.3	13.2	13.2	13.4	5.4	4.8	6.1	2.5	2.8	2.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.2	6.8	5.6	11.6	12.0	11.0	4.6	4.3	5.1	2.2	2.4	1.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	400	170	230	405	210	200	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	505	230	275
Without total income	15	0	10	20	10	15	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	10	5
With total income	385	165	215	390	200	190	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	490	225	270
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	30	20	10	462,400	204,245	258,155	35	10	30
$10,000 to $19,999	65	30	35	65	30	30	809,375	334,315	475,065	40	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	135	55	85	100	45	50	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	55	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	20	65	35	30	896,520	414,070	482,445	45	25	20
$40,000 to $49,999	45	15	25	45	25	20	849,005	411,680	437,325	45	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	10	50	20	25	687,020	345,720	341,305	50	15	30
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	20	10	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	30	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	10	10	10	5	367,455	208,475	158,980	30	5	20
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	5	0	0	284,690	158,760	125,930	30	10	20
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	25	10	10
$100,000 and over	20	15	10	5	5	0	556,780	365,700	191,080	125	80	45
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	5	5	5	0	385,890	245,635	140,260	70	40	30
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	55	35	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	400	170	230	405	210	200	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	505	230	275
Without after-tax income	15	0	10	20	10	15	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	10	5
With after-tax income	385	165	215	390	200	190	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	490	225	270
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	15	15	30	20	10	495,035	214,000	281,030	40	15	30
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	35	60	35	30	853,250	356,480	496,765	45	10	35
$20,000 to $29,999	135	50	90	110	55	55	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	60	30	30	75	40	35	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	20	60	25	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	65	30	35
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	25	15	10	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	10	5	5	459,665	251,490	208,170	40	10	25
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	10	5	5	292,135	160,985	131,150	25	10	20
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	30	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	0	0	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	65	35	25
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	25	15	15
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	35	25	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	400	170	230	405	210	200	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	505	230	275
Without employment income	215	75	135	145	60	85	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	115	50	70
With employment income	185	90	90	265	155	115	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	390	180	210
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	15	25	35	15	20	644,075	331,770	312,300	60	20	40
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	5	25	15	10	401,185	180,585	220,595	25	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	20	5	10	45	25	20	603,350	273,725	329,620	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	20	10	10	45	25	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	25	10	20
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	15	35	20	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	10	10	10	40	25	10	485,845	242,230	243,610	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	30	15	15	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	10	0	0	5	0	0	320,700	184,770	135,935	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	5	5	0	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	0	0	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	25	5	15
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	0	0	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	0	0	0	422,055	285,910	136,145	100	60	40
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	0	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	30	20	10
$125,000 and over	10	5	0	0	0	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	65	40	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	395	170	225	410	210	200	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	505	230	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	375	165	210	380	190	185	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	490	220	265
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	21,600	22,600	21,200	27,000	27,800	25,800	38,400	43,200	34,000	52,800	60,400	48,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	375	165	210	380	190	185	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	490	220	265
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	21,400	22,200	21,000	25,600	26,400	25,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	44,000	50,400	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	240	120	120	320	165	150	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	460	215	250
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,800	26,600	23,600	23,600	25,600	22,800	34,800	40,400	29,200	49,200	59,600	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	185	95	90	270	145	125	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	380	175	205
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,000	24,200	27,800	29,400	26,000	36,400	41,200	31,800	49,200	64,500	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	340	145	195	340	165	170	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	330	135	195
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,700	8,800	15,100	6,080	3,760	9,800	7,800	5,640	9,100	3,440	2,540	5,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25	10	15	40	20	20	727,165	390,255	336,910	35	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	x	x	4,400	5,760	3,320	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,200	x	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	370	160	215	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	230	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	160	205	360	180	180	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	470	215	255
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,800	39,000	36,800	33,800	36,000	31,800	48,600	55,500	41,880	80,400	75,500	85,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	160	205	360	180	180	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	470	215	255
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	32,500	31,800	30,200	31,000	29,400	39,600	44,000	35,320	59,000	55,600	62,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	240	115	120	300	150	150	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	440	210	230
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	39,500	40,000	29,600	36,500	22,400	45,920	53,800	37,920	80,800	73,000	88,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	190	95	95	265	130	140	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	395	185	205
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	46,000	44,000	31,200	39,500	23,600	46,240	52,450	39,520	77,200	70,000	84,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	120	195	315	150	170	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	315	145	170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,800	11,400	13,600	10,100	5,600	14,000	9,450	8,430	10,320	7,500	5,700	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	0	25	45	25	20	727,815	390,880	336,935	40	15	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	...	6,000	5,200	6,800	3,400	7,020	5,975	8,230	10,000	3,600	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	375	160	210	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	230	270
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	75	30	40	65	40	25	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	220	115	105
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,600	x	43,600	42,800	48,400	x	54,800	60,000	49,200	79,000	76,500	84,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,000	80,000	66,000	50,000	58,000	36,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	104,000	92,000	118,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	90	55	35	165	75	90	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	115	50	60
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	16,800	21,800	23,000	32,000	20,400	23,600	27,200	21,000	16,400	8,700	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,500	32,000	36,000	27,200	33,000	22,800	33,000	37,800	28,360	50,000	31,000	66,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	70.0	78.0	64.0	74.0	88.0	58.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	94.0	94.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	64.0	72.0	56.0	69.0	80.0	56.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	80.0	80.0	80.0
Government transfers (%)	30.0	23.0	35.5	26.4	13.2	41.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	6.3	5.2	7.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	x	2.4	1.9	2.4	1.2	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.1	0.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	280	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	54,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	48,800	...	...	63,200	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	175	...	...	85	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	22,400	...	...	26,400	...	...	38,800	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	22,200	...	...	26,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	105	...	...	125	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	78,500	...	...	97,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	71,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	270	...	...	210	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	65,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	153,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	57,600	...	...	75,200	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	90	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,600	...	...	39,500	...	...	47,680	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	53,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	125	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	147,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	280	...	...	210	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	15	...	...	218,185	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	144,420	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	143,285	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	172,005	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	166,990	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	310,880	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	280,505	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	255,770	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	208,320	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	35	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	414,805	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	307,835	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	5	...	...	239,060	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	280	...	...	210	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	260	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	177,135	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	180,150	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	210,280	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	193,530	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	356,325	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	254,885	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	216,370	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	25	...	...	892,775	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	387,835	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	225,830	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	5	...	...	279,105	...	...	60	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	100	...	...	120	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	71,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.4	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	25	...	...	991,710	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	53,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	45	...	...	907,765	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	4.3	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	40	...	...	368,845	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	69,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	58,400	...	...	61,600	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	180	75	105	105	60	40	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	100	45	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	22,400	23,200	22,000	30,000	30,400	27,400	36,800	39,200	34,800	39,200	34,000	42,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	22,200	23,200	22,000	27,600	28,000	26,200	33,200	34,800	31,600	35,200	32,400	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	110	...	...	120	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	204,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	30	...	...	992,110	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	156,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	60	...	...	909,160	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	164,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	30	...	...	367,155	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	160,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	165	65	95	90	50	40	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	125	65	60
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	31,000	32,500	39,500	38,000	40,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	59,000	56,000	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,000	30,000	34,000	33,000	36,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	48,000	46,000	52,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	460	200	260	500	245	255	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	620	290	335
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	115	55	60	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	135	65	65
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	40	20	25	515,725	264,785	250,935	40	25	20
18 to 64 years	240	115	125	305	160	145	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	375	170	205
65 years and over	145	55	95	80	30	45	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	115	50	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	205	80	130	115	55	55	992,235	463,295	528,940	45	25	25
0 to 17 years	30	10	15	25	10	15	159,530	82,000	77,530	10	5	0
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	10	5	5	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	80	30	45	60	40	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	30	10	15
65 years and over	105	35	70	30	10	15	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	10	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	45.2	39.0	50.0	22.8	23.0	22.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	7.4	8.5	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	38.0	32.0	45.0	24.0	20.0	24.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	6.0	10.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	40.0	40.0	40.0	20.0	x	25.0	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	32.0	28.0	36.0	19.5	22.0	16.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	7.6	6.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	71.0	68.0	72.0	34.0	32.0	36.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	9.0	12.0	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	460	200	260	505	250	250	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	625	285	335
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	115	50	65	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	130	65	70
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	45	15	20	511,400	262,535	248,860	45	20	20
18 to 64 years	240	115	125	305	160	145	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	375	175	200
65 years and over	145	50	95	80	35	45	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	115	55	65
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	115	35	80	55	35	25	439,850	223,055	216,795	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	15	5	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	5	0	5	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	45	25	25	35	20	15	313,970	167,015	146,955	25	5	15
65 years and over	55	10	45	5	0	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	25.2	19.0	30.0	11.2	13.0	10.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.6	5.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	12.0	20.0	14.0	12.0	12.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	x	x	12.0	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	19.0	20.0	11.0	14.0	9.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.8	5.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	38.0	20.0	46.0	8.0	x	8.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	465	200	260	500	245	250	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	620	290	335
In bottom half of the distribution	385	165	220	395	195	205	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	235	105	135
In bottom decile	170	65	110	90	45	45	851,840	407,705	444,140	50	25	25
In second decile	75	30	40	80	40	40	920,490	434,730	485,760	45	15	30
In third decile	65	30	35	95	40	50	969,255	471,650	497,600	20	15	10
In fourth decile	30	15	20	70	35	40	978,345	482,760	495,590	40	15	25
In fifth decile	45	20	20	55	30	25	947,090	473,285	473,810	80	35	45
In top half of the distribution	75	35	35	105	55	55	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	385	185	205
In sixth decile	15	10	10	25	15	10	899,660	454,970	444,690	30	10	20
In seventh decile	20	5	10	35	20	20	837,225	425,400	411,830	60	25	30
In eighth decile	10	5	0	25	15	10	752,410	383,450	368,955	65	25	35
In ninth decile	20	10	10	15	5	0	634,425	325,700	308,730	95	45	50
In top decile	15	10	5	0	0	0	517,725	267,160	250,565	140	70	70
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	460	...	...	505	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	625	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.378	...	...	0.287	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.348	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.668	...	...	0.498	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.414	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.324	...	...	0.259	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.295	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	460	200	260	505	250	255	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
English only	15	10	10	20	15	10	445,575	228,840	216,735	75	40	40
French only	230	95	130	250	115	135	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	45	20	25
English and French	200	95	110	215	115	95	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	495	225	270
Neither English nor French	10	0	15	15	5	10	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	460	200	260	505	250	255	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
English	35	15	15	45	30	20	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	305	130	170
French	390	175	210	395	190	210	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	285	135	155
English and French	25	10	15	45	25	20	329,515	169,050	160,465	30	20	10
Neither English nor French	10	0	15	15	5	10	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	460	200	260	505	250	255	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
Single responses	420	185	235	440	225	220	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	580	265	315
Official languages	295	130	160	205	95	105	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	480	220	260
English	25	5	15	15	10	10	639,365	323,170	316,195	230	100	125
French	275	125	150	190	90	100	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	250	120	130
Non-official languages	125	50	70	235	125	110	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	100	45	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	50	70	235	125	110	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	100	45	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15	90	50	35	233,220	122,895	110,320	10	10	0
Berber languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	10	5	5	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	75	45	30	204,600	107,735	96,865	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	75	45	30	198,785	104,765	94,020	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	5	20	55	30	25	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	40	25	20	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	5	5	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	5	5	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	15	25	75	35	35	595,790	290,670	305,115	60	25	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	20	65	30	35	346,000	167,870	178,130	35	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	10	25	15	10	90,940	44,080	46,865	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	0
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	5	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	40	15	25	177,155	86,490	90,660	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	10	5	5	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	15	5	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	9,230	4,775	4,455	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5	8,220	4,240	3,975	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	25	60	30	30	308,550	155,455	153,095	45	25	25
English and French	10	5	5	5	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	10	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	40	15	25	94,205	46,880	47,320	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	10	5	5	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	460	200	260	505	250	255	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
English	20	10	10	20	10	10	623,305	313,780	309,520	215	90	130
French	255	115	145	180	85	95	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	215	100	115
Non-official language	45	15	30	85	50	40	366,730	177,410	189,315	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	15	30	85	50	40	343,650	165,830	177,825	20	10	10
English and French	35	25	15	15	10	10	497,380	256,735	240,645	95	55	45
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	15	10	10	205,755	102,290	103,470	30	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	65	25	40	150	65	80	375,795	179,585	196,210	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	35	20	15	284,940	141,275	143,665	35	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	460	200	260	505	250	255	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
Single responses	420	185	240	420	205	210	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	585	265	320
Official languages	350	155	195	280	135	145	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	555	255	300
English	25	10	20	35	25	10	874,185	438,570	435,615	300	135	165
French	325	150	175	245	115	135	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	255	120	135
Non-official languages	70	25	45	135	75	65	662,615	322,860	339,750	35	15	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	25	45	135	75	65	628,365	305,820	322,555	35	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	45	30	20	116,685	59,645	57,040	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	5	5	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	5	5	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	45	25	20	104,890	53,505	51,380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	45	25	20	102,120	52,125	49,990	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	15	30	20	20	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	20	10	10	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	5	5	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	20	45	25	20	336,635	164,100	172,535	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	40	20	20	182,585	88,060	94,525	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	15	5	5	26,290	11,205	15,085	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5	25	15	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	10	5	5
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	20	85	40	45	357,245	176,070	181,175	40	20	20
English and French	15	5	10	10	0	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	0	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	60	30	35	116,595	56,445	60,150	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	460	200	260	500	250	250	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	625	285	340
None	350	150	195	345	165	180	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	480	215	265
English	30	20	5	25	15	10	353,690	183,470	170,225	40	20	15
French	25	5	15	45	25	20	259,425	127,380	132,040	50	25	20
Non-official language	40	15	30	65	35	35	269,715	129,830	139,890	35	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	30	65	35	35	264,405	127,330	137,070	35	15	15
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	10	0	10	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	55,860	26,915	28,945	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	620	285	335
Official languages	435	200	240	530	265	260	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	615	285	330
English	215	85	130	270	140	125	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	540	250	290
French	415	190	225	505	250	250	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	560	260	305
Non-official languages	240	85	155	365	190	170	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	255	115	140
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	240	85	155	365	190	170	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	255	115	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	40	65	205	120	85	385,210	201,105	184,100	15	10	15
Berber languages	75	35	45	10	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	75	35	45	10	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	30	50	195	115	85	363,875	190,005	173,870	15	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	80	30	50	195	115	85	343,675	179,750	163,930	10	10	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	40	95	35	60	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	60	20	40	95	35	60	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	15	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	25	50	65	40	20	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	195	90	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	35	25	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	30	20	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	45	10	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	30	0	25
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	30	0	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	15	10	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	15	45	60	35	20	684,830	324,095	360,735	95	55	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	40	20	20	168,040	82,400	85,645	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	15	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	10	0	0
Spanish	20	0	15	35	30	10	453,905	210,400	243,505	75	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	35	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	620	285	335
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	10	0	10
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	10	0	10
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	455	200	255	525	260	265	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	610	280	325
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	620	285	335
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	615	285	330
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Owner	35	...	...	55	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	150	...	...
Renter	230	...	...	150	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	115	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	10	...	...	515,590	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	255	...	...	205	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	50	...	...	623,295	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	75	...	...	45	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	115	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	115	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	190	...	...	85	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	40	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	100	...	...	645,635	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	15	...	...	435,225	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	403,225	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.0	...	...	4.5	...	...	5.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
One person or fewer per room	265	...	...	205	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	260	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Suitable	250	...	...	195	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	255	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	20	...	...	142,775	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...	80	...	...	879,375	...	...	240	...	...
1961 to 1980	140	...	...	90	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	20	...	...	25	...	...	509,120	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	15	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	250	...	...	180	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	235	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	30	...	...	236,110	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
One-maintainer household	235	...	...	125	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	145	...	...
Two-maintainer household	35	...	...	80	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	105	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	270	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	35	...	...	525,540	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	70	...	...	647,165	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	50	...	...	628,630	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	60	...	...	20	...	...	760,395	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	20	...	...	629,965	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...	20	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	275	...	...	215	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	260	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	155	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	55	...	...	595,690	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40	...	...	55	...	...	542,060	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	275	...	...	215	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	105	...	...	901,440	...	...	60	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	35	...	...	60	...	...	537,090	...	...	30	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	20	...	...	112,775	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	25	...	...	179,840	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	190	...	...	105	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	265	...	...	215	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	255	...	...
In core need	45	...	...	35	...	...	218,275	...	...	15	...	...
Not in core need	225	...	...	180	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40	...	...	60	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.0	...	...	58.3	...	...	62.2	...	...	70.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	25.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	13.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,120	...	...	1,880	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,560	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,960	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	x	...	...	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	640,000	...	...	460,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	770,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	155	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	115	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	51.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.9	...	...	29.0	...	...	25.2	...	...	18.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.2	...	...	22.6	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	524	...	...	850	...	...	810	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	612	...	...	800	...	...	886	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	455	200	260	535	270	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	615	285	335
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	15	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	455	200	255	525	265	260	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	605	280	330
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	460	195	255	535	270	270	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	615	285	330
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	410	185	220	460	220	240	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	550	250	295
Canadian citizens aged under 18	85	45	45	155	75	80	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	120	55	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	320	140	175	305	145	160	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	435	200	230
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	15	40	75	45	25	518,265	264,490	253,775	75	30	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	460	195	255	535	270	270	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	615	285	330
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	265	140	130	260	130	135	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	430	195	230
Immigrants⁸¹	185	60	130	245	120	125	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	150	70	80
Before 1980	25	0	20	25	15	15	187,200	91,895	95,300	30	20	15
1980 to 1990	15	0	15	15	0	15	124,610	61,850	62,755	15	0	10
1991 to 2000	45	20	20	45	25	20	190,495	91,635	98,860	35	10	20
2001 to 2010	30	10	20	55	40	20	312,210	150,825	161,390	35	15	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	15	55	95	40	60	396,090	192,745	203,340	30	20	15
2011 to 2015	45	0	40	70	20	50	193,345	93,485	99,855	15	10	0
2016 to 2021	25	10	15	20	15	10	202,740	99,260	103,480	20	0	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	30	25	10	205,770	113,500	92,275	35	20	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	185	55	130	245	120	125	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	70	85
Under 5 years	10	0	10	0	0	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	30	20	10	70	35	30	201,385	101,555	99,835	25	10	20
15 to 24 years	35	0	30	55	25	30	213,035	96,175	116,860	15	15	0
25 to 44 years	80	25	55	100	50	50	594,845	292,975	301,875	75	35	45
45 years and over	25	0	20	10	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	185	55	130	245	120	125	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	150	70	85
Americas	60	15	45	90	45	45	264,885	121,740	143,145	20	0	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	55	15	35	60	25	35	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	10	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	30	0	30	15	0	10	309,015	154,110	154,910	100	50	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	35	15	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	15	0	10	43,975	21,940	22,040	15	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	30	20	10
Africa	65	25	40	70	20	50	302,010	153,655	148,355	10	0	0
Algeria	45	20	20	45	10	35	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	25	10	10	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	25	10	10	65	45	25	332,925	158,445	174,475	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	15	25	15	10	202,740	99,265	103,480	20	10	10
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	620	285	335
First generation¹⁰⁰	195	60	135	275	140	130	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	200	90	110
Second generation¹⁰¹	70	30	40	175	95	80	883,485	446,000	437,490	125	45	80
Third generation or more¹⁰²	190	105	85	85	30	55	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	290	150	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	160	50	110	215	105	110	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	120	55	65
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	80	25	55	90	35	50	559,935	290,040	269,895	80	40	40
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	15	20	40	20	20	267,870	161,125	106,740	35	20	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	0	30	50	15	30	292,070	128,915	163,155	45	20	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	55	20	40	65	30	40	272,255	109,735	162,515	30	10	20
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	0	15	60	40	20	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	160	50	110	215	105	110	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	120	55	65
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10	15	0	10	89,850	47,360	42,495	10	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	15	0	10	94,185	46,445	47,740	20	0	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	10	10	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	15	10	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	45	85	180	90	85	756,120	358,700	397,420	65	40	25
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	620	285	335
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	185	80	100	360	190	170	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	90	45	45
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	15	15	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	30	10	20
Black	90	40	55	130	50	75	422,405	206,335	216,070	15	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	65	20	40	200	110	85	280,075	146,990	133,085	10	10	0
Latin American	10	0	0	25	15	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	270	120	155	175	75	95	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	530	245	290
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	455	200	255	535	265	270	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	620	285	335
Canadian	35	25	15	25	15	15	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	105	45	55
English	10	0	0	0	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	25	0	20
Irish	15	0	10	10	0	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	75	25	50
Scottish	15	0	10	10	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	50	15	35
French, n.o.s.¹²²	60	10	50	20	10	10	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	225	90	130
German	0	0	0	20	0	15	124,305	60,295	64,010	65	25	35
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	20	30	15	15	316,315	157,600	158,720	40	15	25
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	25	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	45	25	25
Québécois	45	30	15	15	10	10	931,940	465,630	466,305	20	10	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	20	10	10	0	0	0	588,805	290,630	298,180	25	10	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	30	15	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	10	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	10	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	35	10	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	0	10	85	55	35	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	25	20	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	55	45	15	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	15	0	10
Haitian	60	20	35	100	50	50	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	10	15	81,230	41,590	39,635	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	75	40	40	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	455	200	255	535	265	265	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	620	285	335
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	275	120	155	220	85	135	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	300	115	180
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	55	20	35	20	15	10	464,020	229,155	234,860	45	25	15
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	10	0	0
Baptist	15	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	170	85	85	125	40	85	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	225	80	145
Christian Orthodox	15	0	10	15	10	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	0	15	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	10	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	20	10	10	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	35	15	20
Muslim	100	45	55	240	130	110	421,710	218,255	203,455	15	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	80	35	40	75	45	25	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	250	130	120
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	450	195	255	530	270	265	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	610	280	330
Non-movers	410	175	240	495	255	235	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	515	220	295
Movers	35	20	20	40	10	25	945,290	466,750	478,540	95	60	40
Non-migrants	30	15	15	35	10	25	543,670	268,740	274,925	75	40	30
Migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	20	20	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	15	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	420	185	245	490	240	245	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	575	265	305
Non-movers	265	110	150	275	145	130	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	295	125	170
Movers	160	70	90	210	95	120	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	280	140	140
Non-migrants	105	40	65	170	60	110	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	140	70	75
Migrants	55	30	25	45	35	15	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	140	75	65
Internal migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	70	40	25
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	45	35	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	25	10	20
External migrants	25	15	15	40	25	15	320,090	166,115	153,975	70	30	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	375	160	210	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	230	270
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	110	50	60	130	65	70	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	35	10	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	260	105	160	280	145	130	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	465	215	255
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	245	110	135	265	135	125	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	375	180	200
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	20	15	75	30	45	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	210	90	115	190	105	85	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	375	180	200
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	155	215	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	270
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	35	55	95	50	45	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	25	10	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	30	60	110	60	45	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	40	10	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	100	100	205	100	105	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	435	210	220
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	65	45	165	80	90	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	90	45	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	65	45	15	110	55	55	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	10	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	35	15	55	20	45	793,030	427,220	365,815	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	50	35	15	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	40	20	20	50	20	30	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	70	35	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	0	0	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	85	30	55	40	20	15	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	340	160	175
Bachelor's degree	60	30	30	35	10	15	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	185	100	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	10	0	10
Master's degree	15	0	15	0	0	0	360,795	174,150	186,645	115	40	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	30	20	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	245	110	135	265	140	130	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	380	180	195
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	10	15	45	25	20	525,155	303,815	221,345	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	50	20	30	45	25	20	752,855	388,160	364,700	15	0	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	80	85	175	90	80	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	360	175	185
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	50	40	140	70	70	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	60	30	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	40	15	95	50	45	836,455	498,385	338,075	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	15	50	15	35	609,895	319,470	290,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	40	35	10	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	30	15	15	40	15	25	838,140	372,455	465,685	45	25	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	0	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	80	30	45	35	20	15	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	295	140	155
Bachelor's degree	65	25	35	30	15	15	802,755	343,100	459,650	165	90	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	10	0	10
Master's degree	10	0	10	0	0	0	302,065	140,530	161,530	100	35	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	20	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	370	160	215	410	215	195	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	500	225	275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	65	115	205	115	90	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	70	20	45
Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	10	20
13. Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	0	0	0	166,900	75,420	91,480	25	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	143,365	58,875	84,490	25	0	20
Humanities	10	0	10	10	0	10	228,770	90,810	137,960	55	25	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	0	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	30	25	0	25	430,845	142,280	288,570	70	25	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	10	0	10	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	15	0	15	77,880	29,725	48,160	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	15	10	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,510	67,065	67,440	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	35	20	20	35	20	15	950,820	357,290	593,535	105	50	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	20	15	35	20	15	894,690	344,770	549,925	100	50	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,655	83,605	75,050	25	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	25	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	60	0	60	50	15	866,885	778,835	88,060	45	40	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	10	10	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	35	30	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	25	20	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	10	10	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	10	10	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	15	10	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	50	25	20	515,215	101,455	413,760	35	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	50	25	20	470,150	78,875	391,275	25	0	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	20	0	20	291,295	157,925	133,365	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	20	0	20	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	245	115	135	260	135	125	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	375	175	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	75	30	50	90	45	40	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	15	0	15
Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	30	0	25
13. Education	20	0	15	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	20	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	20	0	20
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	30	15	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	15	0	15	334,475	103,635	230,840	55	20	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	10	0	10	59,965	20,645	39,325	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	35	20	15	30	20	10	741,390	268,705	472,685	105	45	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	20	15	30	20	10	697,775	259,725	438,045	100	45	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	20	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	25	25	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	55	55	0	60	45	15	665,365	588,950	76,415	45	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	35	25	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	25	25	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15	0	15	45	20	20	387,725	74,730	312,995	25	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	45	20	20	352,905	58,735	294,170	10	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	15	0	10	229,120	122,320	106,800	15	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	120,395	31,320	89,075	15	15	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	245	115	135	260	135	125	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	375	175	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	75	30	50	90	45	40	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	15	0	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	170	85	85	170	95	85	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	355	175	185
Location of study inside Canada	125	70	55	140	75	70	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	295	150	150
Same as province or territory of residence	125	70	55	140	75	70	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	275	130	145
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	20	20	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45	15	35	30	15	15	414,490	209,160	205,330	60	30	35
Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	10	0	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	40	25	20
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	20	20	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	25	0	15	20	0	10	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	15	0	15	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	370	155	215	410	210	200	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	270
In the labour force	190	100	90	265	125	135	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	355	170	185
Employed	165	95	65	210	115	95	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	335	150	185
Unemployed	20	0	20	55	10	40	335,015	176,245	158,775	15	15	0
Not in the labour force	185	55	125	145	85	60	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	145	60	90
Participation rate	51.4	64.5	41.9	64.6	59.5	67.5	64.1	67.4	60.9	71.0	75.6	68.5
Employment rate	44.6	61.3	30.2	51.2	54.8	47.5	59.3	62.3	56.3	67.0	66.7	68.5
Unemployment rate	10.5	0.0	22.2	20.8	8.0	29.6	7.6	7.7	7.4	4.2	8.8	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	370	160	215	410	215	195	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	500	225	275
Did not work¹⁸⁶	200	75	130	155	80	75	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	125	35	90
Worked	170	85	90	255	135	120	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	375	190	185
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	75	30	45	65	40	20	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	230	120	105
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	100	50	45	190	90	95	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	145	70	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.4	34.0	39.2	33.0	34.4	31.2	41.3	41.7	40.8	41.4	40.8	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	185	100	85	265	130	140	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	355	170	185
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	0	15	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	175	100	75	250	120	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	350	165	185
Employee	150	75	75	235	110	120	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	295	135	160
Permanent position	130	60	70	205	100	105	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	255	110	140
Temporary position	20	15	0	30	15	20	623,510	296,655	326,850	40	25	15
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	25	20	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	20	15	0	25	0	20	405,605	202,450	203,155	15	0	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	20	20	0	15	10	0	530,720	324,555	206,165	55	30	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	185	100	85	265	130	140	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	355	170	185
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	0	15	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	175	100	75	250	120	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	350	165	185
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	20	0	15	30	10	25	778,905	256,150	522,760	75	25	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	15	0	10	10	0	360,495	272,510	87,985	55	40	15
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	15	0	10	359,665	70,075	289,590	30	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	15	10	35	0	35	558,725	166,020	392,700	85	30	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	0	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	40	15	25
6 Sales and service occupations	50	30	15	85	35	50	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	35	20	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	55	50	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	15	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	15	10	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	185	100	85	265	130	140	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	355	170	185
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	15	15	0	15	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	175	100	75	250	120	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	350	165	185
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	15	15	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	15	0	10
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	40	25	15	449,115	320,715	128,405	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	10	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	15	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	20	10	10	25	10	15	514,090	248,905	265,185	20	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	20	15	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	0	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	25	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	20	0	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	10	0	0	0	345,345	193,365	151,985	75	50	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	25	15	10	171,345	104,695	66,645	10	0	0
61 Educational services	20	10	10	10	0	10	340,885	104,300	236,590	60	15	45
62 Health care and social assistance	40	15	30	55	0	45	617,200	122,675	494,525	30	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	10	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	15	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	20	10	10
91 Public administration	10	0	0	15	10	10	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	190	105	90	275	140	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	400	195	200
English	10	10	0	10	10	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	105	60	45
French	105	50	55	170	85	85	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	105	55	50
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	65	35	30	75	30	40	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	180	80	100
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	190	105	90	275	140	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	400	195	200
Single responses	165	85	80	250	130	125	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	355	175	175
Official languages	165	85	80	250	130	120	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	355	175	175
English	25	15	10	10	10	0	668,485	365,785	302,695	205	100	105
French	140	75	65	245	120	120	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	150	75	75
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	10	20	10	15	269,365	142,370	126,995	45	20	25
English and French	30	15	10	20	10	15	249,945	132,640	117,300	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	190	105	90	275	140	135	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	400	195	200
None	145	75	70	200	100	105	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	250	130	120
English	30	15	15	60	30	35	720,960	391,075	329,885	45	20	25
French	0	0	0	0	0	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	100	40	55
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	165	95	70	210	115	95	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	340	150	190
Worked at home	35	15	20	30	15	10	897,770	435,285	462,480	235	110	125
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	20	0	25	25	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	10	0	0
Usual place of work	105	60	45	155	75	80	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	100	40	55
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	100	60	40	155	75	75	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	100	40	60
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	85	50	35	130	60	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	70	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	15	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	10	10	15	10	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	130	85	45	185	105	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	45	65
Car, truck or van	50	35	15	100	70	30	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	50	25	20
Car, truck or van - as a driver	50	35	15	90	70	20	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	40	25	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	10	0	10	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	65	45	20	60	25	35	287,345	120,460	166,885	30	10	25
Walked	10	0	10	30	10	20	178,645	78,570	100,075	20	10	15
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	130	85	45	185	105	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	45	65
Less than 15 minutes	20	15	0	15	10	0	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	50	15	35
15 to 29 minutes	35	15	15	80	50	30	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	30	15	10
30 to 44 minutes	20	15	0	50	25	30	635,870	363,430	272,445	30	10	15
45 to 59 minutes	40	15	20	15	10	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	15	0	30	10	15	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	130	85	45	185	105	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	105	45	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	20	20	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	0	10	30	20	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	15	0	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	20	25	45	15	30	935,640	441,465	494,170	30	10	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	10	0	25	15	10	626,895	259,220	367,675	25	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	15	0	15	10	15	330,930	142,495	188,435	20	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	20	10	45	25	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	10	10	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	75	35	40	115	55	60	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	130	65	65
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	25	15	10	303,835	156,030	147,805	60	25	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	95	45	50	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	75	40	40
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	25	30	80	35	45	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	90	45	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	20	10	10	230,080	118,075	112,005	40	15	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	15	10	10	175,305	90,000	85,305	30	10	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	20	30	60	25	35	992,895	508,315	484,580	50	30	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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