Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662626More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661209More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	632	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	642	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	419	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	341	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	321	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11,087.7	...	...	6.5	...	...	5,019.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.06	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	630	335	300	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	640	310	335
0 to 14 years	85	50	35	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	100	50	45
0 to 4 years	30	25	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	30	15	10
5 to 9 years	20	10	10	478,955	245,295	233,665	40	20	20
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	30	15	10
15 to 64 years	455	235	215	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	430	210	215
15 to 19 years	20	15	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	20	5
20 to 24 years	50	25	25	460,660	235,250	225,405	30	10	15
25 to 29 years	70	30	40	527,150	266,455	260,700	40	20	15
30 to 34 years	50	20	25	536,040	267,770	268,270	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	50	20	30	550,425	274,350	276,075	50	20	30
40 to 44 years	50	30	20	572,565	286,405	286,160	50	30	20
45 to 49 years	50	25	25	516,465	259,565	256,905	45	15	25
50 to 54 years	40	25	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	45	25	20
55 to 59 years	45	30	20	615,690	307,230	308,465	45	20	25
60 to 64 years	35	20	15	625,610	307,710	317,900	70	30	35
65 years and over	95	45	50	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	115	45	70
65 to 69 years	40	20	20	541,970	264,020	277,950	25	10	15
70 to 74 years	20	5	10	455,900	217,985	237,910	35	15	25
75 to 79 years	20	10	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	5	5
85 years and over	10	0	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	20	0	15
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	131,755	50,610	81,150	15	0	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	14.9	11.7	16.4	17.0	15.8	15.6	16.1	13.4
15 to 64 years	72.2	70.1	71.7	63.0	63.9	62.1	67.2	67.7	64.2
65 years and over	15.1	13.4	16.7	20.6	19.1	22.1	18.0	14.5	20.9
85 years and over	1.6	0.0	1.7	2.5	1.8	3.2	3.1	0.0	4.5
Average age of the population	40.5	40.3	40.8	42.8	41.8	43.7	43.7	41.2	46.2
Median age of the population	39.6	41.2	37.6	43.2	42.0	44.0	44.4	42.0	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	271,245	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	335	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
1 person	240	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	130	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	480,135	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	427,605	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	630	335	300	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	640	310	330
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	550	285	265	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	545	255	285
Married or living common-law	170	85	80	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	300	155	145
Married	100	50	45	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	125	65	60
Living common-law	70	35	35	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	175	90	85
Living common law - Never married	70	35	30	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	145	80	70
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	25	15	10
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	380	195	185	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	245	105	145
Not married and not living common law - Never married	270	145	130	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	160	75	80
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	10	5	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	35	30	494,210	197,455	296,755	50	10	35
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	30	10	20	380,100	89,515	290,580	30	5	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	125	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	454,980	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	412,850	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	185	...	...
Total couple families	75	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	150	...	...
Married couples	40	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	502,020	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	15	...	...	609,605	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	828,005	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	401,885	...	...	35	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	426,120	...	...	50	...	...
Total one-parent families	50	...	...	383,775	...	...	35	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	284,025	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	635	330	300	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	640	310	330
Total - Persons in census families	345	170	175	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	480	245	230
Married spouses or common-law partners	155	80	80	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	300	155	145
Parents in one-parent families	45	10	40	383,780	99,755	284,020	30	10	20
Children⁶	140	80	55	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	145	80	65
In a two-parent family	65	45	25	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	100	55	45
In a one-parent family	70	40	35	585,820	317,400	268,415	45	25	20
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	285	165	125	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	165	65	100
Living alone	245	135	105	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	130	45	80
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	35	20	15	268,810	158,325	110,485	20	15	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	175	...	...
Couple-family households	75	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	150	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	851,835	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	982,260	...	...	80	...	...
One-parent-family households	45	...	...	331,395	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	15	...	...	139,280	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	240	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	130	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	550	280	265	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	550	260	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	275	260	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	540	255	285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	30,400	29,400	40,800	44,800	37,200	43,600	44,400	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	275	260	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	540	255	285
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,400	28,600	28,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	38,400	39,200	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	405	210	195	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	500	230	260
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,400	25,800	20,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	37,200	39,200	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	190	170	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	400	195	205
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,800	27,400	21,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	37,600	37,200	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	250	250	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	445	195	250
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,500	11,600	14,200	11,500	10,200	12,300	10,500	10,100	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	35	30	837,635	441,080	396,550	55	20	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,520	5,760	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,400	5,400	5,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	115	100	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	155	80	75
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,200	10,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	10,000	10,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	560	310	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	270	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	545	300	245	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	560	265	290
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,300	32,800	29,600	51,160	57,550	44,960	51,200	56,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	545	300	245	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	560	265	290
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,300	29,400	27,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	41,800	44,400	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	220	175	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	525	250	275
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,800	27,200	21,800	45,480	52,900	38,000	44,200	50,800	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	175	145	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	410	210	200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,800	30,400	22,400	46,240	51,950	40,040	45,000	48,000	41,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	280	245	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	445	210	235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,950	13,500	14,400	12,410	11,500	13,220	11,960	11,000	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	40	30	837,180	441,665	395,515	55	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,400	4,800	7,040	6,380	7,780	7,400	4,800	10,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	200	100	95	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	160	85	80
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,400	9,200	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,700	9,400	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	560	310	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	275	295
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	95	50	45	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	215	115	95
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,000	47,600	34,400	58,400	62,800	53,600	59,600	47,200	67,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	44,000	52,000	36,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	65,500	65,000	66,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	190	100	80	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	140	65	70
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,800	17,200	14,700	18,600	21,400	16,600	21,200	24,200	11,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	23,200	14,800	28,160	32,120	24,360	28,000	35,000	22,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	57.2	62.0	51.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	81.0	84.0	78.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.0	54.0	44.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	64.5	68.0	61.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	42.8	38.5	49.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	18.6	15.2	22.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.6	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.4	0.8	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	12.6	11.4	14.2	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.6	5.6	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	11.0	10.0	12.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	5.0	5.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	550	285	265	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	545	255	285
Without total income	10	5	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	5	0
With total income	535	275	260	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	535	250	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	35	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	100	50	55	809,375	334,315	475,065	45	20	25
$20,000 to $29,999	130	70	65	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	85	30	50
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	50	896,520	414,070	482,445	75	40	40
$40,000 to $49,999	65	40	30	849,005	411,680	437,325	70	30	45
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	65	30	30
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	15	503,110	271,695	231,415	35	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	367,455	208,475	158,980	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	284,690	158,760	125,930	30	10	20
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	25	20
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	0	385,890	245,635	140,260	30	20	15
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	20	5	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	550	285	265	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	545	255	285
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	5	0
With after-tax income	535	275	260	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	535	250	285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	495,035	214,000	281,030	40	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	105	55	55	853,250	356,480	496,765	50	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	150	80	75	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	105	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	110	55	55	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	90	40	50
$40,000 to $49,999	70	40	30	994,235	505,970	488,265	100	45	55
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	25	691,015	372,870	318,145	45	25	20
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	459,665	251,490	208,170	45	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	292,135	160,985	131,150	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	20	15	10
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	10	10	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	550	285	265	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	545	255	285
Without employment income	195	95	100	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	145	65	85
With employment income	355	185	165	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	400	195	205
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	25	30	644,075	331,770	312,300	50	25	25
$5,000 to $9,999	40	25	25	401,185	180,585	220,595	30	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	35	603,350	273,725	329,620	50	30	25
$20,000 to $29,999	45	25	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	35	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	20	488,000	239,620	248,380	45	15	25
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	485,845	242,230	243,610	40	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	403,980	217,425	186,560	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	320,700	184,770	135,935	30	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	250,635	147,020	103,615	30	5	20
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	422,055	285,910	136,145	35	20	20
$100,000 to $124,999	0	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	5	10
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	10	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	550	280	265	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	550	260	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	270	255	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	535	250	285
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	25,800	24,600	38,400	43,200	34,000	41,600	43,200	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	270	255	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	535	250	285
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,400	24,800	23,600	34,000	37,600	30,600	35,600	36,800	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	405	210	195	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	500	240	260
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	27,400	20,600	34,800	40,400	29,200	38,400	40,000	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	190	160	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	410	200	215
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,000	28,000	23,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	38,400	40,000	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	240	235	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	400	175	225
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440	3,720	10,000	7,800	5,640	9,100	5,760	3,560	7,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	55	25	25	727,165	390,255	336,910	45	20	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	5,640	8,200	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,120	x	5,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	560	310	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	270	295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	545	300	250	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	560	260	295
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,100	27,400	24,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	46,400	50,000	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	545	300	250	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	560	260	295
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,100	25,000	23,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	38,400	41,200	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	220	170	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	505	250	260
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,200	26,800	21,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	43,400	46,800	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	315	185	135	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	430	215	215
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,600	27,800	20,400	46,240	52,450	39,520	41,000	44,800	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	520	280	240	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	440	205	240
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,480	8,300	10,800	9,450	8,430	10,320	8,560	7,100	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45	20	25	727,815	390,880	336,935	55	20	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	7,000	8,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	9,200	5,200	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	560	310	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	275	295
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	90	50	45	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	220	120	95
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	36,800	36,000	40,400	54,800	60,000	49,200	53,200	45,600	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	40,000	46,000	35,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	57,600	57,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	170	100	70	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	135	70	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,100	20,000	12,700	23,600	27,200	21,000	21,600	28,400	16,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	23,200	12,800	33,000	37,800	28,360	29,600	33,000	26,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	66.0	72.0	58.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	85.0	90.0	82.0
Employment income (%)	54.0	61.0	46.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	68.0	73.0	63.0
Government transfers (%)	34.4	28.4	42.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	14.6	11.0	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.6	3.2	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.9	0.8	3.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	240	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	38,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,400	...	...	34,400	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	140	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	83,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	43,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	39,800	...	...	75,200	...	...	68,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	245	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	47,680	...	...	54,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,600	...	...	39,640	...	...	45,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	82,470	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	144,420	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	143,285	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	166,990	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	310,880	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	280,505	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	255,770	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	235,235	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	208,320	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	414,805	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	307,835	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	239,060	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	385	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	320	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	87,695	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	177,135	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	180,150	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	213,760	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	210,280	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	356,325	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	289,580	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	254,885	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	216,370	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	15	...	...	892,775	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	387,835	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	225,830	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	130	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	98,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	84,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	991,710	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	72,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	907,765	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	110,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	368,845	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	69,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	61,600	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	275	160	120	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	150	55	90
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	30,600	28,600	36,800	39,200	34,800	45,600	39,600	48,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,000	28,400	27,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	40,000	34,400	43,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	125	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	992,110	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	909,160	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	367,155	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	280	165	110	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	165	60	105
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	32,800	30,800	45,480	48,000	42,920	51,600	46,000	55,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,400	29,200	27,200	38,040	39,400	36,640	43,200	39,000	46,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	630	335	300	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	640	305	335
0 to 17 years	95	55	35	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	110	65	45
0 to 5 years	35	25	10	515,725	264,785	250,935	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	445	230	215	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	410	200	215
65 years and over	90	45	50	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	115	45	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	195	100	95	992,235	463,295	528,940	65	30	40
0 to 17 years	35	20	10	159,530	82,000	77,530	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	10	10	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	120	60	60	515,470	256,435	259,035	40	20	20
65 years and over	40	20	20	317,235	124,865	192,370	15	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	30.8	29.6	32.5	11.9	11.2	12.7	10.8	9.5	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	34.0	36.0	28.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	9.0	x	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	28.0	30.0	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	27.6	26.0	30.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	10.0	11.0	9.0
65 years and over (%)	42.0	40.0	44.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	16.0	12.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	635	330	300	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	645	310	330
0 to 17 years	95	60	40	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	110	65	50
0 to 5 years	35	25	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	440	230	210	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	415	200	215
65 years and over	95	45	45	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	120	45	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	70	60	439,850	223,055	216,795	45	25	25
0 to 17 years	15	10	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	0	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	95	50	45	313,970	167,015	146,955	30	20	10
65 years and over	25	15	10	64,210	24,430	39,780	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	20.4	21.0	20.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	6.6	7.2	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	16.0	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	9.0	x	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	21.6	22.0	21.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	7.2	9.0	5.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	24.0	24.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	3.0	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	630	335	300	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	640	310	335
In bottom half of the distribution	560	295	260	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	350	165	185
In bottom decile	185	95	90	851,840	407,705	444,140	65	30	30
In second decile	125	65	55	920,490	434,730	485,760	70	30	40
In third decile	95	45	55	969,255	471,650	497,600	70	35	35
In fourth decile	105	60	40	978,345	482,760	495,590	70	35	35
In fifth decile	50	30	25	947,090	473,285	473,810	75	35	40
In top half of the distribution	75	35	40	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	290	145	145
In sixth decile	40	15	25	899,660	454,970	444,690	80	30	50
In seventh decile	5	0	0	837,225	425,400	411,830	65	30	30
In eighth decile	15	10	5	752,410	383,450	368,955	60	30	30
In ninth decile	10	10	5	634,425	325,700	308,730	60	30	30
In top decile	0	0	0	517,725	267,160	250,565	25	10	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	635	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	645	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.288	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.554	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.402	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.260	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.251	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	635	330	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	310	330
English only	35	15	20	445,575	228,840	216,735	80	40	35
French only	255	135	115	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	130	55	75
English and French	305	160	145	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	435	210	225
Neither English nor French	35	20	20	82,075	35,200	46,875	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	635	330	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	310	330
English	75	35	40	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	200	100	105
French	475	255	230	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	415	200	210
English and French	45	25	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	35	15	15	79,000	33,590	45,410	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	635	330	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	310	330
Single responses	595	310	285	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	615	295	320
Official languages	385	195	190	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	550	265	285
English	40	20	20	639,365	323,170	316,195	170	80	85
French	340	175	170	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	380	185	200
Non-official languages	215	120	90	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	60	30	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	215	120	90	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	60	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	35	20	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	5	10
Berber languages	20	15	5	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	15	5	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	15	5	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	5	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	18,350	9,425	8,925	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	14,235	7,030	7,205	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	55	45	595,790	290,670	305,115	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	10	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35	346,000	167,870	178,130	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	15	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	5	0
Portuguese	10	0	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	50	35	15	177,155	86,490	90,660	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	10	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	57,445	26,210	31,235	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	30	15	20
English and French	5	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	94,205	46,880	47,320	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	635	330	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	310	330
English	35	20	20	623,305	313,780	309,520	155	75	85
French	305	160	150	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	345	165	185
Non-official language	85	45	40	366,730	177,410	189,315	15	10	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	40	343,650	165,830	177,825	15	10	5
English and French	35	20	15	497,380	256,735	240,645	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	205,755	102,290	103,470	15	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	375,795	179,585	196,210	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	284,940	141,275	143,665	25	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	635	330	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	645	310	330
Single responses	565	295	270	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	615	290	320
Official languages	410	210	200	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	585	280	310
English	50	25	25	874,185	438,570	435,615	200	95	110
French	360	190	175	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	390	190	200
Non-official languages	155	85	75	662,615	322,860	339,750	20	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	85	75	628,365	305,820	322,555	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	116,685	59,645	57,040	5	0	5
Berber languages	10	10	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	104,890	53,505	51,380	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	102,120	52,125	49,990	5	0	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	13,800	6,935	6,865	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	11,215	5,465	5,755	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	35	30	336,635	164,100	172,535	5	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	46,420	24,225	22,195	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25	182,585	88,060	94,525	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	35	25	15	112,915	55,870	57,050	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	20	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	40	25	357,245	176,070	181,175	30	20	15
English and French	20	10	10	137,120	69,025	68,095	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	116,595	56,445	60,150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	635	335	300	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	640	310	330
None	470	245	225	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	545	260	280
English	30	15	15	353,690	183,470	170,225	35	15	20
French	50	30	20	259,425	127,380	132,040	30	15	15
Non-official language	40	20	20	269,715	129,830	139,890	20	5	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	264,405	127,330	137,070	20	5	10
English and French	10	5	0	61,955	31,425	30,525	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	5	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	645	355	290	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	670	330	340
Official languages	580	315	265	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	670	330	340
English	330	180	145	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	510	250	260
French	570	310	260	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	610	300	305
Non-official languages	360	190	170	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	165	75	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	190	170	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	165	75	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	50	25	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	10	25
Berber languages	25	15	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	35	25	363,875	190,005	173,870	40	10	25
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	25	343,675	179,750	163,930	40	10	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	75	70	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	115	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	10	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	15	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	75	60	684,830	324,095	360,735	75	45	30
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	50	20	35	168,040	82,400	85,645	10	10	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	20	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	65	40	25	453,905	210,400	243,505	65	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	25	45	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	0	10	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	70	25	40	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	15	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	15	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	670	325	340
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	640	355	290	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	670	325	340
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	670	325	340
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	645	355	290	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	670	325	340
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Owner	50	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	155	...	...
Renter	340	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	185	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	515,590	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	345	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	250	...	...	623,295	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	90	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	130	...	...
3 bedrooms	50	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	90	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	340	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	115	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	645,635	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	435,225	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	403,225	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	886,180	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.6	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
One person or fewer per room	375	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	335	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Suitable	355	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	330	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	142,775	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
1960 or before	140	...	...	879,375	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	125	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	55	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	509,120	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	25	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	231,930	...	...	40	...	...
2011 to 2015	35	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	375	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	320	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	236,110	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
One-maintainer household	285	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	185	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	150	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	75	...	...	525,540	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	647,165	...	...	90	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	628,630	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	70	...	...	760,395	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	629,965	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	35	...	...	336,170	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	385	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	340	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	285	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	265	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100	...	...	595,690	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	95	...	...	542,060	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	390	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...	901,440	...	...	95	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	80	...	...	537,090	...	...	65	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	112,775	...	...	10	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	260	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	375	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	330	...	...
In core need	65	...	...	218,275	...	...	20	...	...
Not in core need	310	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	30.0	...	...	62.2	...	...	62.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	21.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,340	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,580	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	620,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	590,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	340	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	185	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	25.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.9	...	...	25.2	...	...	19.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	11.9	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	670	...	...	810	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	704	...	...	886	...	...	930	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	670	325	345
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	40	20	20
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	30	15	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	635	350	290	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	630	305	320
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	670	330	345
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	535	300	235	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	610	295	320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	45	35	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	110	60	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	460	260	200	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	505	230	270
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	105	55	50	518,265	264,490	253,775	55	35	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	670	330	345
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	385	210	180	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	545	270	285
Immigrants⁸¹	235	135	100	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	95	45	50
Before 1980	50	25	30	187,200	91,895	95,300	15	10	10
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	45	30	20	190,495	91,635	98,860	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	45	20	15	312,210	150,825	161,390	30	10	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	50	40	396,090	192,745	203,340	35	15	25
2011 to 2015	60	35	30	193,345	93,485	99,855	15	0	10
2016 to 2021	25	10	10	202,740	99,260	103,480	20	15	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	15	10	205,770	113,500	92,275	25	15	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	235	135	100	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	95	45	50
Under 5 years	10	0	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	20	0	10
5 to 14 years	30	20	15	201,385	101,555	99,835	15	10	0
15 to 24 years	60	45	20	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	120	60	65	594,845	292,975	301,875	50	25	20
45 years and over	15	10	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	235	135	100	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	95	45	50
Americas	65	55	15	264,885	121,740	143,145	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	20	20	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	60	30	30	309,015	154,110	154,910	30	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	40	15	25	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	10	0	10
Africa	65	35	30	302,010	153,655	148,355	40	20	25
Algeria	30	25	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	15	68,865	34,810	34,060	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	20	332,925	158,445	174,475	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	20	10	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	0	15	202,740	99,265	103,480	20	15	10
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	30	0	15	70,310	34,215	36,095	20	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	670	325	340
First generation¹⁰⁰	255	150	110	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	130	70	65
Second generation¹⁰¹	125	60	65	883,485	446,000	437,490	110	35	75
Third generation or more¹⁰²	260	145	120	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	430	225	205
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	185	110	75	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	75	35	40
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	95	70	25	559,935	290,040	269,895	40	15	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	30	20	267,870	161,125	106,740	20	10	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	40	0	292,070	128,915	163,155	20	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	20	25	272,255	109,735	162,515	30	15	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	15	175,740	89,995	85,740	10	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	185	110	75	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	75	35	40
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	0	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	145	90	50	756,120	358,700	397,420	65	30	35
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	645	355	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	670	325	340
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	260	130	125	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	105	55	55
South Asian	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	25	20	10
Chinese	40	25	15	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	85	30	50	422,405	206,335	216,070	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	45	25	20	280,075	146,990	133,085	40	15	25
Latin American	55	40	20	172,925	85,035	87,880	15	10	0
Southeast Asian	25	15	10	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	385	220	165	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	565	270	290
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	645	355	290	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	670	330	345
Canadian	110	60	50	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	145	65	75
English	15	10	10	177,710	88,910	88,800	35	15	25
Irish	15	10	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	100	40	65
Scottish	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	50	20	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	100	55	45	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	225	105	115
German	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	15	0	15
Chinese	40	20	20	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	30	316,315	157,600	158,720	20	15	10
Indian (India)	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	75	35	40	931,940	465,630	466,305	20	10	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	30	10	15	588,805	290,630	298,180	40	25	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	25	20	10
Métis	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	15	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	15	0	10	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	45	20	25	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	15	0	15
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	10	20	81,230	41,590	39,635	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	35	25	10	36,540	19,550	16,990	20	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	35	10	20	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	645	355	285	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	670	325	340
Buddhist	10	10	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	310	180	130	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	340	180	160
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	45	35	10	464,020	229,155	234,860	20	0	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	225	135	90	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	290	160	130
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	10	10	0
Hindu	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	110	50	60	421,710	218,255	203,455	40	15	30
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	215	115	100	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	270	125	145
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	635	350	285	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	670	330	345
Non-movers	580	325	250	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	605	290	320
Movers	60	25	35	945,290	466,750	478,540	65	40	25
Non-migrants	30	20	10	543,670	268,740	274,925	55	40	10
Migrants	30	0	30	401,625	198,010	203,615	10	0	10
Internal migrants	30	0	30	349,095	170,740	178,355	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	30	0	30	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	600	315	285	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	650	310	335
Non-movers	315	165	145	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	350	155	190
Movers	285	150	140	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	300	155	145
Non-migrants	170	95	75	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	205	110	95
Migrants	120	55	65	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	100	45	55
Internal migrants	80	30	50	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	50	15	35
Intraprovincial migrants	75	25	50	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	50	15	35
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	40	25	15	320,090	166,115	153,975	45	30	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	560	310	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	275	295
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	170	90	75	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	85	65	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	390	215	175	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	480	210	270
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	210	145	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	380	195	185
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	75	45	30	642,800	382,415	260,380	45	40	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	275	165	115	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	340	160	180
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	555	305	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	275	295
No certificate, diploma or degree	160	90	70	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	75	50	25
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	120	65	55	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	115	65	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	155	125	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	380	155	220
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	100	65	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	185	85	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	30	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	65	50	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	15	793,030	427,220	365,815	45	35	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	15	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	20	15	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	100	60	40	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	100	35	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	20	0	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	115	55	60	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	195	70	125
Bachelor's degree	60	20	40	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	115	40	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	149,425	66,595	82,825	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	20	15	360,795	174,150	186,645	50	20	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	355	205	145	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	385	200	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	45	25	525,155	303,815	221,345	35	25	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	40	25	752,855	388,160	364,700	65	40	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220	125	100	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	285	130	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	75	50	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	125	60	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	15	15	836,455	498,385	338,075	55	35	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	0	15	609,895	319,470	290,425	30	25	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	20	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	50	30	838,140	372,455	465,685	65	20	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	100	45	55	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	165	70	90
Bachelor's degree	45	15	30	802,755	343,100	459,650	100	35	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	119,460	50,155	69,310	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	35	20	10	302,065	140,530	161,530	45	25	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	555	305	250	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	570	275	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	275	150	130	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	190	115	75
Education	10	10	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	30	0	20
13. Education	10	10	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	30	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	10	0	0
Humanities	15	0	15	228,770	90,810	137,960	20	0	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	25	20	430,845	142,280	288,570	45	15	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	57,080	19,060	38,020	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	20	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	15	0	15
Business, management and public administration	50	35	15	950,820	357,290	593,535	90	30	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	35	15	894,690	344,770	549,925	80	30	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	30	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	75	55	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	15	10	181,290	147,120	34,170	35	20	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	20	515,215	101,455	413,760	40	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	470,150	78,875	391,275	25	0	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10	291,295	157,925	133,365	25	15	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	154,335	42,710	111,625	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	350	205	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	380	195	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	130	80	50	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	95	65	30
Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
13. Education	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	129,065	58,170	70,895	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0
Humanities	10	0	10	144,140	56,410	87,730	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	25	15	334,475	103,635	230,840	40	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	15	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	15	0	15
Business, management and public administration	45	35	15	741,390	268,705	472,685	60	20	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	35	15	697,775	259,725	438,045	60	15	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	25	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	25	20	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	30	10	665,365	588,950	76,415	70	50	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	10	10	152,450	121,715	30,735	35	20	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	20	387,725	74,730	312,995	30	0	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	352,905	58,735	294,170	15	0	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	229,120	122,320	106,800	20	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	120,395	31,320	89,075	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	350	205	150	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	380	195	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	80	50	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	95	65	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	225	125	95	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	285	130	155
Location of study inside Canada	160	90	70	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	230	100	130
Same as province or territory of residence	150	85	70	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	210	90	115
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	20	0	15
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	35	30	414,490	209,160	205,330	60	25	30
Americas	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	20	20	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	20	10	10
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	15	15	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	25	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	20	0	15	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	555	305	250	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	570	275	295
In the labour force	300	165	130	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	385	185	195
Employed	250	135	110	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	355	180	175
Unemployed	50	30	25	335,015	176,245	158,775	30	10	20
Not in the labour force	260	140	120	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	185	85	100
Participation rate	54.1	54.1	52.0	64.1	67.4	60.9	67.5	67.3	66.1
Employment rate	45.0	44.3	44.0	59.3	62.3	56.3	62.3	65.5	59.3
Unemployment rate	16.7	18.2	19.2	7.6	7.7	7.4	7.8	5.4	10.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	555	305	250	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	570	275	290
Did not work¹⁸⁶	265	150	115	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	185	65	120
Worked	295	160	130	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	385	210	180
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	95	45	45	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	225	125	100
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	200	110	85	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	165	85	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	32.6	33.6	31.8	41.3	41.7	40.8	40.1	41.4	38.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	295	165	135	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	385	190	195
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	380	190	190
Employee	250	135	115	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	330	150	180
Permanent position	205	120	85	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	285	135	145
Temporary position	45	15	30	623,510	296,655	326,850	50	20	30
Fixed term (1 year or more)	20	10	10	217,905	94,210	123,700	25	0	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	30	0	25	405,605	202,450	203,155	25	15	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	30	20	10	530,720	324,555	206,165	45	35	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	295	165	135	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	385	190	195
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	380	190	190
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	30	25	778,905	256,150	522,760	50	20	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	20	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	75	35	35
3 Health occupations	15	10	10	359,665	70,075	289,590	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	40	15	30	558,725	166,020	392,700	75	15	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	20	15	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	60	25	35	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	90	45	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	55	45	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	10	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	295	165	135	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	385	190	195
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	285	160	125	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	380	190	190
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	15	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	25	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	25	20	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	20	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	15	0	10	514,090	248,905	265,185	35	15	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	20	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	25	15	10	94,130	57,495	36,630	20	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	15	15	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	50	35	15	345,345	193,365	151,985	45	25	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	15	15	0
61 Educational services	20	10	10	340,885	104,300	236,590	55	15	40
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	40	617,200	122,675	494,525	40	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	40	25	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	15	10	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	0	10
91 Public administration	0	0	0	290,765	144,705	146,055	20	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	320	180	140	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	410	210	200
English	30	20	10	350,525	195,385	155,145	70	35	35
French	180	105	75	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	205	120	85
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	105	50	55	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	140	60	75
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	320	180	140	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	410	210	200
Single responses	300	160	135	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	395	200	185
Official languages	295	160	135	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	395	200	185
English	45	25	15	668,485	365,785	302,695	105	55	50
French	250	135	120	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	285	150	135
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	20	0	269,365	142,370	126,995	20	10	10
English and French	15	15	0	249,945	132,640	117,300	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	320	180	140	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	410	210	200
None	230	140	90	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	290	165	130
English	75	30	40	720,960	391,075	329,885	80	30	50
French	15	10	10	302,145	161,340	140,805	40	20	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	250	140	115	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	350	180	175
Worked at home	60	40	20	897,770	435,285	462,480	85	50	35
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	20	20	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	30	30	0
Usual place of work	170	75	95	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	235	105	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	170	80	95	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	235	105	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	135	70	70	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	200	90	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	10	20	823,150	442,385	380,765	20	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	190	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	270	130	140
Car, truck or van	95	55	40	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	145	80	65
Car, truck or van - as a driver	95	55	40	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	135	75	55
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	10	0	0
Public transit	70	20	45	287,345	120,460	166,885	85	35	50
Walked	10	10	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	15	0	10
Bicycle	10	0	10	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	20	10	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	190	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	270	130	140
Less than 15 minutes	15	15	0	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	55	15	35
15 to 29 minutes	70	45	25	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	65	35	35
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	30	635,870	363,430	272,445	110	65	45
45 to 59 minutes	30	10	20	235,140	133,720	101,425	25	0	20
60 minutes and over	10	0	10	206,480	126,635	79,840	20	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	190	100	90	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	270	130	140
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20	15	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	50	35	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	35	20	935,640	441,465	494,170	85	30	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	20	30	626,895	259,220	367,675	60	25	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	25	330,930	142,495	188,435	25	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	10	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	45	25	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	100	55	40	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	110	65	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	5	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	45	25	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	50	35	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	70	40	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	65	35	30	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	85	45	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	25	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	10	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30	992,895	508,315	484,580	55	30	25

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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