Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662459More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660139More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663460More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	406	...	...	385	...	...	2,648	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	137	...	...	214	...	...	2,331	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	135	...	...	207	...	...	1,716	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,104.0	...	...	6,766.3	...	...	5,043.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.13	...	...	0.06	...	...	0.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	405	205	205	385	190	195	2,650	1,440	1,210
0 to 14 years	75	35	35	45	25	25	140	75	60
0 to 4 years	20	5	15	15	5	10	80	45	35
5 to 9 years	30	20	10	15	10	5	40	25	15
10 to 14 years	25	15	10	15	5	5	20	5	10
15 to 64 years	245	130	120	225	120	105	2,310	1,250	1,065
15 to 19 years	25	20	10	5	5	0	80	35	40
20 to 24 years	30	20	10	15	5	10	400	165	230
25 to 29 years	20	10	10	20	10	10	490	255	240
30 to 34 years	20	5	10	20	15	5	430	240	190
35 to 39 years	15	10	5	25	10	10	295	170	130
40 to 44 years	30	15	15	20	15	5	165	105	55
45 to 49 years	20	10	10	25	10	15	120	65	55
50 to 54 years	20	5	10	20	15	10	110	70	40
55 to 59 years	25	10	20	30	20	10	115	70	45
60 to 64 years	35	20	10	35	10	20	115	70	45
65 years and over	90	45	45	115	45	70	195	115	85
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	30	15	15	80	40	40
70 to 74 years	25	10	10	30	10	15	55	35	25
75 to 79 years	25	10	10	25	5	15	40	30	15
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	20	10	15	15	15	0
85 years and over	10	5	5	10	0	5	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	10	0	5	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	17.1	17.1	11.7	13.2	12.8	5.3	5.2	5.0
15 to 64 years	60.5	63.4	58.5	58.4	63.2	53.8	87.2	86.8	88.0
65 years and over	22.2	22.0	22.0	29.9	23.7	35.9	7.4	8.0	7.0
85 years and over	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.6	0.0	2.6	0.2	0.0	0.4
Average age of the population	42.2	41.8	42.6	48.6	46.4	50.6	36.2	37.4	34.8
Median age of the population	43.6	42.4	44.0	50.8	48.4	56.4	32.4	33.6	30.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	135	...	...	205	...	...	1,720	...	...
Single-detached house	70	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	160	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	50	...	...	1,690	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	135	...	...	205	...	...	1,715	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	105	...	...	1,040	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	60	...	...	530	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	20	...	...	95	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	5	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	405	205	200	385	185	200	2,620	1,405	1,210
Average household size	3.0	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	335	170	165	340	165	175	2,515	1,365	1,145
Married or living common-law	220	110	105	160	85	75	1,135	605	530
Married	210	105	105	110	55	55	595	305	285
Living common-law	5	0	0	50	30	25	545	295	245
Living common law - Never married	0	0	0	35	25	15	505	270	235
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	15	10	5	40	30	15
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	120	60	55	175	80	100	1,375	760	615
Not married and not living common law - Never married	85	50	35	100	45	50	1,195	665	530
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	0	15	5	5	30	25	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	15	5	15	40	20	20	120	70	55
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10	0	10	30	10	20	25	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	125	...	...	100	...	...	585	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	65	...	...	450	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	10	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	100	...	...	590	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	80	...	...	540	...	...
Married couples	105	...	...	50	...	...	265	...	...
With children⁶	65	...	...	25	...	...	105	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	30	...	...	160	...	...
Common-law couples	5	...	...	30	...	...	275	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	10	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	0	...	...	20	...	...	255	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	10	...	...	15	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,615	1,410	1,210
Total - Persons in census families	380	195	190	260	135	130	1,370	710	665
Married spouses or common-law partners	210	105	105	155	85	75	1,080	570	515
Parents in one-parent families	15	10	15	20	5	15	45	10	35
Children⁶	150	85	70	80	45	35	245	130	115
In a two-parent family	120	60	60	55	30	20	180	100	80
In a one-parent family	30	20	15	30	15	15	60	30	30
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	25	10	15	125	55	70	1,250	695	550
Living alone	10	5	5	100	45	60	1,040	595	445
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	10	5	5	45	20	30
Living with non-relatives only	0	0	0	10	5	10	160	85	75
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	135	...	...	210	...	...	1,715	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	85	...	...	565	...	...
Couple-family households	95	...	...	70	...	...	520	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...	30	...	...	125	...	...
Without children	40	...	...	40	...	...	400	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	15	...	...	45	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	0	...	...	10	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	10	...	...	100	...	...	1,040	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	330	170	160	340	165	175	2,480	1,330	1,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	165	165	325	155	170	2,310	1,255	1,065
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	39,200	44,400	42,000	43,600	38,400	48,000	60,400	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	165	165	325	155	170	2,310	1,255	1,065
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	32,800	35,600	36,000	38,400	34,400	41,200	49,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	300	155	150	300	150	155	2,160	1,185	975
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	32,400	33,600	32,400	37,600	25,400	48,000	60,400	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	225	115	105	205	110	90	1,825	1,030	795
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	38,400	40,000	36,800	38,400	31,000	52,400	60,800	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	265	125	140	285	130	160	1,540	775	765
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	11,600	12,600	12,400	9,500	14,400	4,520	4,080	5,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25	10	10	30	15	20	140	65	80
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,280	x	x	5,880	x	x	5,720	5,600	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	110	60	55	95	55	45	665	330	335
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,500	10,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	8,000	9,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	365	190	180	345	165	180	2,395	1,265	1,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	175	180	325	150	175	2,240	1,185	1,055
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,400	54,400	58,400	43,600	48,000	40,000	82,200	104,800	56,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	355	175	180	325	150	175	2,245	1,185	1,060
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,600	42,400	46,800	38,000	41,000	35,600	58,100	71,400	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	325	165	160	300	145	160	2,110	1,120	995
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,600	50,400	54,800	34,800	41,000	29,200	81,800	106,600	54,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	130	120	200	105	100	1,800	965	835
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,000	60,000	56,000	42,400	50,000	34,000	73,500	88,600	56,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	265	105	155	295	120	175	1,580	785	790
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,300	11,600	11,000	12,800	11,000	14,000	7,340	6,640	8,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25	0	0	30	0	20	185	75	105
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	2,800	...	...	5,200	...	6,000	8,300	9,200	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	120	50	70	85	35	50	680	330	355
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	12,000	7,800	9,400	11,000	8,400	8,800	9,040	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	370	190	180	345	160	180	2,395	1,260	1,135
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	65	50	115	70	45	910	535	380
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	72,000	89,000	53,600	56,800	53,200	74,500	79,000	62,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	102,000	96,000	108,000	60,000	60,000	60,000	101,000	112,800	84,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	105	50	55	65	30	35	735	355	380
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	6,120	4,000	7,350	14,700	x	13,100	18,800	20,400	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	11,600	7,600	15,200	21,000	28,000	16,000	42,900	57,400	29,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.0	88.0	84.0	74.0	80.0	66.0	93.8	96.0	89.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	80.0	64.0	59.0	72.0	46.0	71.8	68.8	78.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.8	12.8	16.5	26.4	18.5	34.5	6.3	4.2	10.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	x	x	1.0	x	2.0	0.8	0.6	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	6.8	5.8	6.5	6.2	6.8	3.5	2.5	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.8	6.4	5.2	5.6	6.0	5.6	3.2	2.4	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	335	170	165	340	165	175	2,480	1,335	1,150
Without total income	10	5	0	10	10	5	165	80	85
With total income	330	165	160	325	155	170	2,315	1,250	1,060
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	15	10	10	335	150	190
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	20	30	10	25	215	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	60	30	25	50	15	35	280	135	145
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	50	30	20	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	5	65	30	30	175	85	90
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	45	15	25	155	75	75
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	15	5	10	145	80	65
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	15	15	10	5	130	75	50
$80,000 to $89,999	15	0	15	15	5	5	95	60	40
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	15	10	0	100	60	40
$100,000 and over	55	30	25	15	15	0	500	355	145
$100,000 to $149,999	40	20	15	10	10	0	230	150	80
$150,000 and over	15	10	10	0	0	0	270	205	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	335	170	165	340	165	175	2,480	1,335	1,150
Without after-tax income	10	5	0	10	10	5	165	80	85
With after-tax income	330	165	160	325	155	170	2,315	1,250	1,060
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	15	10	10	355	155	200
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	25	35	15	25	230	105	125
$20,000 to $29,999	65	30	30	60	25	35	305	155	150
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	70	40	30	235	95	140
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	70	25	45	240	125	115
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	15	20	5	15	195	120	75
$60,000 to $69,999	25	5	15	25	15	10	170	85	80
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	15	10	5	140	95	40
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	10	5	0	80	45	35
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	0	0	0	50	30	20
$100,000 and over	25	15	15	5	5	0	315	240	75
$100,000 to $124,999	15	5	10	5	0	0	105	70	35
$125,000 and over	15	5	5	0	0	0	205	165	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	335	170	165	340	165	175	2,480	1,335	1,150
Without employment income	110	55	55	135	50	80	655	305	355
With employment income	220	115	110	205	110	95	1,820	1,030	790
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	25	20	30	15	15	190	90	100
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	10	0	10	135	65	65
$10,000 to $19,999	25	5	15	25	10	15	190	100	90
$20,000 to $29,999	20	15	10	20	10	10	140	75	70
$30,000 to $39,999	5	5	5	25	20	5	115	50	65
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	5	30	10	15	110	60	50
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	20	10	10	125	65	55
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	5	0	5	130	65	65
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	5	5	0	95	60	40
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	5	5	0	80	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	10	5	0	90	55	35
$100,000 and over	45	25	20	15	10	0	420	300	120
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	10	5	0	145	95	50
$125,000 and over	25	15	15	0	0	0	275	205	75
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	330	170	160	340	165	175	2,480	1,330	1,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	155	160	330	155	170	2,175	1,180	990
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	43,600	40,000	40,800	42,800	36,800	39,600	49,200	29,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	315	155	160	330	155	170	2,175	1,180	990
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	37,600	33,200	35,200	36,800	31,200	34,800	41,600	27,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	295	150	150	305	150	155	2,020	1,115	910
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	40,400	35,600	34,400	39,200	29,000	41,200	52,400	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	225	120	110	210	115	95	1,680	940	740
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	38,000	36,000	37,600	40,400	35,600	45,600	55,600	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	240	110	130	265	120	145	1,320	665	660
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	3,840	7,300	9,300	5,120	12,500	1,290	1,290	1,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	10	20	15	10	70	40	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	x	x	4,160	x	x	8,400	8,100	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	365	190	180	345	165	180	2,395	1,265	1,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	165	170	325	150	170	2,130	1,125	1,005
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,600	60,400	78,500	41,000	45,000	37,600	72,600	94,800	47,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	335	165	170	325	150	170	2,130	1,125	1,005
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,000	46,400	55,200	35,400	38,500	32,800	52,250	65,200	37,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	150	155	315	150	160	1,975	1,070	905
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,500	61,000	80,000	33,600	38,500	28,400	76,400	98,000	50,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	120	125	210	120	95	1,670	905	765
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,400	67,000	55,000	39,200	43,000	35,000	71,200	86,800	52,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	255	105	140	260	120	140	1,365	675	690
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	5,600	8,200	10,800	8,200	13,000	2,656	2,280	3,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	0	0	0	20	0	15	65	30	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	...	...	...	8,000	...	12,000	7,800	7,200	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	370	190	180	345	160	180	2,395	1,260	1,135
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	115	65	50	115	70	45	880	520	360
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	71,500	84,000	50,800	50,800	47,600	60,400	64,500	56,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	100,000	100,000	100,000	56,000	56,000	56,000	87,400	100,000	69,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	95	50	50	65	35	30	605	285	320
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	13,500	13,200	13,500	17,400	17,400	x	24,200	36,000	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	17,500	27,000	23,000	26,000	19,000	53,400	76,000	33,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	92.0	92.0	79.0	88.0	70.0	97.6	98.4	95.6
Employment income (%)	65.0	84.0	52.0	63.0	74.0	50.0	76.8	73.6	83.6
Government transfers (%)	7.6	6.2	8.8	21.2	14.0	29.0	2.4	1.5	4.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	x	x	x	1.2	x	2.5	0.3	0.2	0.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	135	...	...	205	...	...	1,715	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	53,200	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10	...	...	100	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	39,600	...	...	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	125	...	...	105	...	...	675	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,675	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	57,200	...	...	77,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	115	...	...	1,035	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	49,000	...	...	67,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	41,000	...	...	50,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	100	...	...	640	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	178,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	121,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	135	...	...	205	...	...	1,715	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	90	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	45	...	...	605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	0	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	135	...	...	205	...	...	1,715	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	0	...	...	210	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	20	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	25	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	30	...	...	425	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	5	...	...	195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	120	...	...	100	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	40	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	30	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	66,000	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	58,400	...	...	45,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10	5	10	115	45	65	1,195	675	520
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	46,400	46,400	46,000	43,600	57,200	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	x	x	x	39,200	38,800	39,600	38,000	46,400	31,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	115	...	...	95	...	...	575	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	129,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	35	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	203,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	135,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	30	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	200,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	232,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	156,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	25	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	48,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	15	0	0	120	60	65	1,170	660	515
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	...	x	49,000	48,000	50,000	63,000	72,400	51,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	...	x	41,000	40,000	42,000	47,700	52,800	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	405	205	205	385	185	200	2,620	1,405	1,210
0 to 17 years	85	45	45	50	25	25	155	85	70
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	25	10	10	85	45	40
18 to 64 years	230	115	115	220	115	105	2,280	1,220	1,055
65 years and over	90	45	45	115	40	70	180	100	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	25	15	10	35	20	20	705	340	365
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	40	25	25
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	15	10	5	20	15	15	625	295	325
65 years and over	5	0	0	15	5	10	40	25	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	7.0	4.0	10.0	9.0	11.0	26.9	24.0	30.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	28.0	24.0	32.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	18.0	20.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	8.0	6.0	10.0	10.0	12.0	27.3	24.0	31.1
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	10.0	x	12.0	20.0	24.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,615	1,410	1,210
0 to 17 years	90	45	40	50	30	20	155	85	70
0 to 5 years	25	5	20	20	10	15	85	50	35
18 to 64 years	230	120	110	220	115	105	2,280	1,225	1,060
65 years and over	85	40	45	110	45	70	185	95	85
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10	5	5	15	10	10	600	295	305
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	5	5	0	10	5	5	535	260	275
65 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5	30	20	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	3.0	2.5	4.5	4.0	5.0	22.9	21.0	25.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	22.0	20.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	x	5.0	4.0	6.0	23.5	21.0	26.2
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	4.0	x	6.0	16.0	20.0	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	405	205	205	385	190	195	2,620	1,405	1,210
In bottom half of the distribution	135	70	65	265	125	140	1,340	675	665
In bottom decile	20	15	10	30	10	15	690	335	355
In second decile	15	10	10	55	25	30	190	95	95
In third decile	30	15	15	45	25	25	165	75	90
In fourth decile	30	15	15	60	25	35	155	85	70
In fifth decile	40	25	15	75	35	40	145	85	55
In top half of the distribution	265	130	135	120	65	55	1,275	735	545
In sixth decile	40	20	20	40	20	20	145	80	65
In seventh decile	60	30	35	40	20	20	215	115	100
In eighth decile	50	25	25	20	10	5	185	110	80
In ninth decile	50	25	30	10	5	5	275	155	120
In top decile	75	40	35	5	5	0	455	280	170
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	410	...	...	385	...	...	2,615	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.292	...	...	0.254	...	...	0.577	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.378	...	...	0.376	...	...	0.624	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.250	...	...	0.220	...	...	0.508	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	2.5	...	...	27.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,440	1,215
English only	75	35	40	10	5	5	685	350	335
French only	30	15	15	180	80	105	140	65	75
English and French	290	150	140	185	95	85	1,780	1,000	780
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	5	0	5	45	25	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,440	1,215
English	230	115	115	40	25	15	1,180	600	580
French	125	55	65	320	150	170	1,225	710	515
English and French	45	30	15	25	10	10	205	105	95
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0	0	5	45	25	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,440	1,215
Single responses	370	185	185	355	165	180	2,450	1,325	1,125
Official languages	220	105	110	235	105	130	1,505	875	625
English	135	60	70	15	10	10	465	265	205
French	85	40	40	220	100	125	1,035	620	425
Non-official languages	150	80	75	115	60	55	945	445	500
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	80	75	115	60	55	940	445	500
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	30	15	15	145	90	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	15	10	5	145	90	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	15	10	5	145	90	55
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	70	35	25	395	195	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	15	10	10	50	15	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	15	10	10	50	15	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	5	5	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	50	25	20	220	115	105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	10	5	5	10	0	5	40	20	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	5	5	50	25	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Spanish	5	5	0	20	15	10	110	55	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	270	100	170
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0	0	0	270	100	170
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	20	10	0	0	0	215	80	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	25	5	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	35	20	15	205	115	85
English and French	10	0	5	0	0	0	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	5	0	0	75	45	30
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	20	15	10	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	5	5	0	15	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,440	1,215
English	130	60	70	20	10	5	575	320	255
French	55	25	25	210	90	120	740	425	315
Non-official language	45	25	20	25	15	10	255	120	140
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20	25	15	10	255	120	140
English and French	60	30	30	25	20	10	400	240	160
English and non-official language(s)	45	35	15	5	5	0	365	165	195
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	70	35	35	60	30	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	20	35	30	20	15	245	130	115
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,440	1,215
Single responses	380	185	190	350	165	180	2,405	1,310	1,095
Official languages	290	140	150	285	135	155	1,925	1,090	835
English	210	105	105	30	20	15	925	510	415
French	75	35	45	250	115	135	1,005	580	425
Non-official languages	90	50	40	60	30	35	480	220	260
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	50	40	60	30	35	480	220	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	10	5	5	60	40	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	10	0	5	60	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	10	0	5	60	40	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	40	20	20	195	95	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	25	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	30	15	15	100	55	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	20	5	10	60	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	15	0	0	0	170	65	105
Chinese languages	30	20	15	0	0	0	170	65	105
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0	0	0	145	50	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	35	20	15	245	135	110
English and French	5	5	5	5	0	0	125	70	50
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0	5	0	80	35	45
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	25	10	10	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	5	5	0	25	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	410	205	200	385	185	200	2,650	1,435	1,215
None	250	120	125	285	130	155	1,750	970	775
English	25	15	15	15	10	10	325	170	150
French	50	25	20	35	20	15	165	85	80
Non-official language	30	20	5	20	15	10	205	110	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	20	5	20	15	10	205	105	100
English and French	15	5	10	10	5	5	35	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	5	5	5	60	35	30
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	5	0	5	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	30	10	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	420	215	205	390	190	205	2,530	1,325	1,205
Official languages	400	210	195	385	185	205	2,475	1,295	1,175
English	385	200	185	220	120	105	2,390	1,255	1,135
French	320	170	155	365	170	195	1,795	910	885
Non-official languages	290	145	145	195	100	95	1,485	705	780
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	145	145	195	100	95	1,485	705	780
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	40	55	45	15	30	235	140	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	40	55	35	0	25	235	140	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	0	15	35	0	25	220	135	85
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	35	40	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	50	50	75	45	35	745	360	385
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	20	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	20	50
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	50
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0	155	85	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	35
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	75	45	35	445	220	225
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	15	10	0	145	85	55
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0	15	15	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Spanish	30	15	15	55	30	25	305	140	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	40	25	0	0	0	345	125	215
Chinese languages	60	40	25	0	0	0	345	125	215
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0	0	0	280	110	175
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yue (Cantonese)	15	15	10	0	0	0	65	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	420	215	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,320	1,205
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	420	215	205	380	180	200	2,520	1,320	1,195
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	420	215	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,320	1,205
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	420	215	205	385	185	200	2,525	1,320	1,205
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	95	...	...	505	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	120	...	...	1,165	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	85	...	...	1,620	...	...
Not condominium	125	...	...	135	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	145	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	40	...	...	1,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	130	...	...	430	...	...
3 bedrooms	25	...	...	50	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	145	...	...	1,515	...	...
5 rooms	0	...	...	50	...	...	100	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	95	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.3	...	...	4.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
One person or fewer per room	130	...	...	210	...	...	1,620	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
Suitable	125	...	...	195	...	...	1,535	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	20	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
1960 or before	90	...	...	25	...	...	175	...	...
1961 to 1980	40	...	...	80	...	...	60	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	60	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	195	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	270	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	115	...	...	215	...	...	1,655	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
One-maintainer household	55	...	...	145	...	...	1,255	...	...
Two-maintainer household	70	...	...	70	...	...	405	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,670	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	330	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	25	...	...	660	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	30	...	...	305	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	30	...	...	145	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	50	...	...	150	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	50	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	30	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	135	...	...	220	...	...	1,595	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	155	...	...	770	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	60	...	...	825	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	60	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	130	...	...	215	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	80	...	...	900	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	10	...	...	55	...	...	745	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	15	...	...	70	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	75	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	100	...	...	140	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	130	...	...	210	...	...	1,325	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	20	...	...	75	...	...
Not in core need	125	...	...	195	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	95	...	...	510	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.8	...	...	63.2	...	...	61.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	21.1	...	...	45.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,000	...	...	1,880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,680	...	...	1,180	...	...	2,490	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	278,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	790,000	...	...	340,000	...	...	776,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	120	...	...	1,170	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	37.5	...	...	54.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	16.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	860	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	900	...	...	1,832	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	425	220	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,320	1,200
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	25	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	425	220	205	380	185	200	2,485	1,290	1,200
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	425	220	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,325	1,200
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	395	200	200	370	175	195	1,605	845	760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	40	25	60	30	30	95	45	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	330	160	175	305	140	170	1,510	800	710
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	25	15	10	25	10	10	920	475	440
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	425	220	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,325	1,200
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	210	120	90	230	100	135	1,100	610	495
Immigrants⁸¹	210	95	115	155	80	70	825	395	435
Before 1980	45	10	40	15	0	10	35	25	10
1980 to 1990	40	25	10	10	10	0	70	35	30
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	30	15	15	135	60	80
2001 to 2010	50	25	25	45	25	20	210	100	110
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	35	30	55	25	25	375	175	200
2011 to 2015	50	25	25	40	25	20	165	90	80
2016 to 2021	15	10	0	15	0	10	215	85	120
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	320	275
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	215	95	115	155	80	70	825	395	435
Under 5 years	20	10	10	15	0	0	80	30	55
5 to 14 years	40	20	20	20	10	0	160	65	90
15 to 24 years	45	10	40	20	10	10	160	80	85
25 to 44 years	80	45	35	100	50	50	350	180	170
45 years and over	30	15	10	0	0	0	80	40	40
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	215	95	115	155	80	70	825	395	435
Americas	10	10	0	65	45	25	110	45	65
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0	20	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	0	0	15	0	10
Europe	20	0	15	20	10	10	175	80	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Africa	65	25	40	55	25	35	100	60	35
Algeria	0	0	0	40	15	30	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	20	0	0	0	40	20	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	15	10	10	0	45	25	20
Asia	115	60	55	10	10	0	445	205	240
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
China⁹⁰	45	25	20	0	0	0	135	50	80
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	0	50
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	10	0	15	0	0	210	90	125
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	0	0	0	0	120	50	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	420	215	205	390	190	205	2,530	1,325	1,205
First generation¹⁰⁰	210	100	115	160	85	75	1,455	740	720
Second generation¹⁰¹	175	100	75	75	35	40	370	180	190
Third generation or more¹⁰²	35	25	20	150	60	90	695	405	290
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	90	75	140	80	60	795	370	425
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	100	50	45	75	40	35	625	280	340
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	20	20	35	20	15	295	145	150
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	30	30	40	20	20	325	135	195
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	60	30	30	40	20	20	125	55	70
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	20	20	10	40	30	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	90	75	140	80	60	795	370	425
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	10	0	10	10	0	45	30	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	70	70	105	55	50	545	240	300
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	420	215	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,320	1,205
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	120	100	140	75	70	1,075	515	560
South Asian	55	30	25	15	15	0	130	80	50
Chinese	75	45	30	0	0	0	345	125	210
Black	40	15	25	85	35	45	80	45	35
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	20	10	15	0	0	0	180	110	70
Latin American	0	0	0	35	20	10	95	40	55
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	195	95	100	245	110	135	1,450	805	640
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	420	220	205	390	185	200	2,525	1,325	1,200
Canadian	25	10	10	55	15	40	225	140	85
English	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	55	30
Scottish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15	10	10	70	35	35	450	255	200
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	50	30
Chinese	70	45	25	0	0	0	330	130	200
Italian	30	20	15	25	25	0	170	100	70
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	55
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Polish	20	15	10	0	0	0	45	20	20
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	10	70	25	50
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	15	10	10	60	25	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	10	10	0	70	45	25
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0	55	20	35
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0	45	20	20
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	15	10	80	35	45
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Jewish	85	45	40	0	0	0	55	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	25
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	55	25
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	50	20	30	15	0	15
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	30	10	15	0	0	0	30	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	35	10	30	10	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	15
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	420	215	205	390	185	205	2,525	1,320	1,205
Buddhist	20	0	15	0	0	0	20	10	10
Christian	135	75	60	270	130	135	805	395	410
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	35	15	25	120	35	85
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Catholic	95	45	50	210	105	100	535	290	245
Christian Orthodox	10	10	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	20	20	0	15	0	10	20	0	20
Hindu	55	30	20	0	0	0	75	40	40
Jewish	140	65	75	0	0	0	90	45	45
Muslim	25	10	15	55	20	30	210	105	100
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
No religion and secular perspectives	45	25	15	55	25	35	1,295	710	585
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	425	220	205	385	185	195	2,505	1,305	1,195
Non-movers	415	220	200	350	165	180	1,355	690	670
Movers	0	0	0	40	20	20	1,150	620	530
Non-migrants	0	0	0	15	10	10	695	355	340
Migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10	455	265	190
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	135	105
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	85	40
External migrants	0	0	0	20	10	10	210	125	90
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	415	215	200	365	170	195	2,450	1,280	1,170
Non-movers	260	125	135	185	70	115	435	260	175
Movers	155	90	60	185	100	85	2,010	1,020	1,000
Non-migrants	105	60	45	125	60	65	695	350	345
Migrants	45	30	15	60	40	20	1,320	665	655
Internal migrants	25	15	10	40	30	10	620	310	315
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	40	30	10	380	170	215
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	140	100
External migrants	20	15	0	25	10	10	695	355	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	190	180	345	160	180	2,395	1,260	1,135
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	25	10	60	35	30	75	30	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	330	160	165	285	135	150	2,320	1,230	1,090
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	215	115	100	200	110	90	1,740	985	765
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	0	0	0	25	20	10	40	20	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	215	115	100	170	90	80	1,700	960	740
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	185	180	345	165	180	2,400	1,265	1,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	20	15	55	25	30	70	35	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	65	25	35	70	35	40	360	170	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	265	135	130	220	105	115	1,965	1,060	910
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	50	50	125	55	70	385	210	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	15	15	45	15	25	35	15	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	0	40	10	25	25	10	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	30	25	70	35	35	260	135	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	10	0	0	95	55	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	165	85	80	95	50	45	1,580	855	725
Bachelor's degree	95	45	50	55	30	25	830	465	375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	20	15	10	125	55	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	45
Master's degree	45	30	15	20	10	10	465	260	205
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	215	110	105	200	110	90	1,740	980	760
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	25	15	10	35	20	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	35	15	15	30	15	15	135	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	95	90	150	80	65	1,575	875	700
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	30	25	75	40	30	290	150	135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	10	0	35	15	15	35	15	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	25	0	15	25	0	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	20	10	10	35	20	15	180	95	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	0	0	0	75	40	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	135	70	65	70	35	35	1,285	720	565
Bachelor's degree	70	30	40	40	20	20	615	375	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	0	15	10	10	120	50	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0	0	0	100	60	40
Master's degree	35	25	10	20	10	10	410	230	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	365	185	180	345	165	180	2,395	1,260	1,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	100	50	50	130	60	70	430	205	225
Education	0	0	0	15	10	10	25	15	20
13. Education	0	0	0	15	10	10	25	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	10	10	0	135	70	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50
Humanities	10	0	0	0	0	0	105	30	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	15	40	25	0	15	330	165	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	0	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	40	10	25
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	15	0	0	130	95	35
Business, management and public administration	75	40	30	50	25	30	590	310	280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	40	30	50	25	30	575	310	265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	10	0	0	135	65	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	10	0	0	65	40	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	25	20	10	135	100	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	25	20	10	110	80	35
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	35	25	15	25	20	0	260	190	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	10
14. Engineering	20	10	0	10	10	0	195	135	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	10	15	55	0	50	220	90	130
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	55	0	45	160	60	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	20	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	0	0	0	35	20	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	215	115	105	200	110	90	1,745	980	760
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30	15	15	55	30	20	165	105	60
Education	10	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	15
13. Education	10	0	0	10	0	0	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	10	10	0	95	55	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	55	25
Humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	25	10	10	260	120	140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	0	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20
45. Social sciences	25	0	15	15	10	0	90	75	20
Business, management and public administration	60	30	30	40	25	10	500	270	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	30	30	40	25	10	495	270	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	0	0	0	85	55	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	10	10	10	0	120	95	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	10	10	0	110	80	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	25	0	15	15	0	210	160	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	10
14. Engineering	20	15	0	0	0	0	150	110	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15	0	10	30	0	25	185	85	100
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	25	0	25	125	55	75
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	215	115	105	200	110	90	1,745	980	760
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	15	55	30	20	165	105	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	185	100	90	145	80	65	1,575	875	700
Location of study inside Canada	115	60	55	115	60	50	1,010	555	455
Same as province or territory of residence	105	55	50	105	50	50	850	465	385
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	160	90	70
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	70	35	35	30	20	10	565	320	245
Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10	150	75	75
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	55
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	150	70
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	100	30
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	25	25	0	0	0	185	80	100
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0	0	0	30	10	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	365	185	180	345	165	180	2,400	1,265	1,135
In the labour force	230	120	110	175	100	75	1,815	1,020	795
Employed	205	95	105	165	95	70	1,625	920	705
Unemployed	30	20	0	10	10	0	185	100	90
Not in the labour force	135	70	65	170	65	105	580	240	340
Participation rate	63.0	64.9	61.1	50.7	60.6	41.7	75.6	80.6	70.0
Employment rate	56.2	51.4	58.3	47.8	57.6	38.9	67.7	72.7	62.1
Unemployment rate	13.0	16.7	0.0	5.7	10.0	0.0	10.2	9.8	11.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	365	185	180	345	165	180	2,395	1,260	1,135
Did not work¹⁸⁶	120	60	55	145	50	95	585	255	335
Worked	245	120	120	195	115	85	1,810	1,005	805
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	125	70	55	120	75	50	965	580	390
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	120	55	65	75	40	35	840	425	415
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	40.8	38.0	43.2	45.6	40.0	39.4	40.3	38.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	235	125	110	180	100	80	1,815	1,025	795
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	230	115	110	180	100	80	1,760	990	765
Employee	190	90	105	165	85	80	1,420	760	655
Permanent position	170	80	85	155	85	70	1,090	595	500
Temporary position	25	10	15	0	0	0	325	170	160
Fixed term (1 year or more)	10	10	0	0	0	0	210	130	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	15	0	10	0	0	0	115	40	80
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	30	10	15	15	0	340	230	110
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	235	125	110	180	100	80	1,815	1,025	795
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	230	115	110	180	100	80	1,760	990	765
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0	90	90	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	30	30	30	0	20	405	200	205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	10	25	15	0	345	265	80
3 Health occupations	25	0	25	20	0	20	180	80	105
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	10	0	25	10	10	185	105	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	0	0	0	155	65	90
6 Sales and service occupations	60	25	35	50	35	15	340	155	180
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	10	0	25	25	0	45	25	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	235	125	110	180	100	80	1,815	1,025	795
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	25
All industries¹⁹¹	230	115	110	180	100	80	1,760	990	765
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	35	20	15	15	15	0	30	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	10	10	0	75	55	25
44-45 Retail trade	35	0	30	25	0	15	80	40	40
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	10	0	15	15	0	30	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	85	45
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	20	10	10	155	95	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	10	10	0	0	0	65	25	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	25	0	15	0	10	525	335	190
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	15	15	0	45	25	20
61 Educational services	10	0	0	15	0	10	90	35	55
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	25	25	0	20	240	90	150
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	10
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30
91 Public administration	15	0	15	15	10	0	50	40	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	250	120	130	205	115	90	1,955	1,085	870
English	40	25	15	0	0	0	605	380	225
French	40	15	20	120	50	70	360	180	180
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	0	10	10	0
English and French	150	75	80	60	55	15	895	485	410
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	10	0	0	40	15	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	250	120	130	205	115	90	1,955	1,085	870
Single responses	200	100	100	185	100	85	1,645	920	730
Official languages	195	100	95	175	95	80	1,625	905	720
English	110	60	50	10	10	0	890	540	355
French	90	40	50	160	80	80	735	370	370
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	20	10	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	30	20	15	10	310	165	145
English and French	50	25	25	20	15	10	300	165	135
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	250	120	130	205	115	90	1,955	1,085	870
None	130	65	65	145	65	75	1,265	735	530
English	50	20	25	40	35	10	375	180	195
French	60	25	30	0	0	0	250	145	105
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	205	100	105	170	95	70	1,625	925	705
Worked at home	80	50	30	45	15	30	870	490	380
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
No fixed workplace address	20	10	10	25	25	0	55	40	20
Usual place of work	110	45	65	90	50	35	670	380	290
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	110	40	65	90	50	35	670	380	290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	90	30	60	80	50	30	555	315	235
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	0	0	0	55	30	25
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	125	50	75	115	75	40	730	420	305
Car, truck or van	105	40	60	70	55	15	265	145	125
Car, truck or van - as a driver	95	40	50	70	55	15	250	140	115
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	10	10
Public transit	20	0	10	35	15	20	185	95	90
Walked	0	0	0	10	0	10	225	145	75
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	125	50	75	115	75	40	730	420	305
Less than 15 minutes	40	10	30	25	20	0	225	150	75
15 to 29 minutes	45	25	20	35	15	20	255	140	115
30 to 44 minutes	35	10	25	40	25	15	150	65	85
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	10	10	0	60	40	25
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	125	50	75	115	75	40	730	420	305
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10	0	0	20	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	30	20	0	55	40	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	15	10	15	15	0	185	110	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	35	20	15	25	10	15	265	165	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	10	40	25	15	10	120	65	55
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	10	15	10	0	85	30	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	90	45	45	55	30	25	155	85	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	10	5	0	45	30	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	45	25	25	110	55	50
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	70	40	30	30	25	10	75	40	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	25	20	5	5	0	40	25	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20	5	5	0	35	20	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	5	25	20	10	35	20	20

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not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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