Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662216More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663344More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24663452More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	1,393	...	...	450	...	...	2,390	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	323	...	...	385	...	...	2,180	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	300	...	...	358	...	...	1,487	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8,213.4	...	...	13,595.2	...	...	8,884.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.17	...	...	0.03	...	...	0.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	1,395	445	950	450	235	220	2,390	1,265	1,125
0 to 14 years	60	20	40	20	10	10	195	110	85
0 to 4 years	20	5	15	10	0	5	100	50	45
5 to 9 years	20	5	10	5	5	5	60	40	20
10 to 14 years	25	15	15	5	0	0	35	25	15
15 to 64 years	395	180	215	185	90	90	2,070	1,090	985
15 to 19 years	30	5	25	10	0	5	65	35	35
20 to 24 years	30	15	10	20	10	15	285	150	135
25 to 29 years	40	20	20	35	20	15	495	255	240
30 to 34 years	40	20	20	20	15	10	410	225	185
35 to 39 years	20	5	10	5	0	0	265	150	120
40 to 44 years	40	15	25	10	5	5	160	80	75
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	5	0	0	115	55	65
50 to 54 years	55	30	25	5	5	5	105	60	50
55 to 59 years	65	30	35	30	15	15	90	45	45
60 to 64 years	55	30	30	40	25	20	70	35	35
65 years and over	935	245	695	250	130	120	130	65	60
65 to 69 years	55	20	30	60	30	30	65	30	30
70 to 74 years	100	30	70	85	40	40	35	20	10
75 to 79 years	165	60	105	50	30	20	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	155	40	110	30	20	15	10	5	5
85 years and over	465	90	375	25	10	10	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	275	55	220	15	5	10	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	125	30	100	5	5	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	60	5	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4.3	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.5	8.2	8.7	7.6
15 to 64 years	28.3	40.4	22.6	41.1	38.3	40.9	86.6	86.2	87.6
65 years and over	67.0	55.1	73.2	55.6	55.3	54.5	5.4	5.1	5.3
85 years and over	33.3	20.2	39.5	5.6	4.3	4.5	0.2	0.4	0.0
Average age of the population	68.7	62.5	71.7	59.4	60.2	58.6	34.4	34.1	34.8
Median age of the population	77.5	69.5	81.0	67.0	67.5	66.5	31.4	31.4	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,485	...	...
Single-detached house	20	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	75	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	190	...	...	65	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	295	...	...	1,485	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,485	...	...
1 person	140	...	...	295	...	...	830	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	45	...	...	480	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	10	...	...	125	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	570	250	320	450	235	220	2,390	1,270	1,125
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.3	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,330	425	910	430	225	210	2,195	1,155	1,040
Married or living common-law	435	215	220	90	50	40	995	505	490
Married	350	170	180	50	25	20	640	315	325
Living common-law	90	45	45	40	25	15	355	190	165
Living common law - Never married	75	35	40	35	25	10	310	165	140
Living common law - Separated	5	5	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	5	5	0	5	35	20	20
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	900	210	685	340	170	170	1,200	650	550
Not married and not living common law - Never married	345	135	210	200	115	85	1,000	575	430
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	15	15	5	5	45	20	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	100	35	70	100	45	60	130	50	85
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	425	30	395	25	10	20	20	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	150	...	...	50	...	...	545	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	40	...	...	380	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	5	...	...	115	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	50	...	...	540	...	...
Total couple families	120	...	...	45	...	...	460	...	...
Married couples	70	...	...	20	...	...	280	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	5	...	...	135	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	20	...	...	145	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	25	...	...	175	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	0	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	20	...	...	170	...	...
Total one-parent families	30	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	25	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	570	250	320	450	235	220	2,390	1,270	1,125
Total - Persons in census families	400	175	225	115	60	55	1,310	665	650
Married spouses or common-law partners	235	120	120	85	45	35	925	475	445
Parents in one-parent families	30	5	25	5	0	5	85	20	60
Children⁶	135	50	85	20	10	10	310	170	140
In a two-parent family	90	30	60	10	5	5	215	110	100
In a one-parent family	40	20	20	10	5	5	95	55	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	75	90	340	175	165	1,080	605	475
Living alone	140	55	80	290	150	140	830	450	380
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	0	5	5	0	85	45	40
Living with non-relatives only	25	15	5	40	15	20	160	105	55
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,490	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	150	...	...	45	...	...	530	...	...
Couple-family households	115	...	...	35	...	...	455	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	5	...	...	145	...	...
Without children	65	...	...	30	...	...	310	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	5	...	...	75	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	15	...	...	115	...	...
One-person households	140	...	...	290	...	...	835	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	510	225	280	435	220	205	2,195	1,155	1,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	225	275	425	220	205	2,025	1,065	960
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	40,000	43,200	29,600	32,000	28,400	44,400	51,600	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	225	275	425	220	205	2,025	1,065	960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	35,200	38,000	28,400	29,800	27,600	39,600	44,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	455	205	245	345	175	170	1,865	995	870
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	34,800	35,600	19,400	19,200	20,000	44,400	54,400	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	360	170	190	185	95	95	1,635	890	745
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	36,800	41,600	23,800	30,800	19,200	50,400	56,800	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	395	180	215	380	185	190	1,475	735	735
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,500	12,400	17,400	17,800	17,000	4,960	4,680	5,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50	35	20	15	5	5	150	80	70
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,480	x	x	x	x	5,960	5,240	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	145	80	70	55	30	25	650	345	305
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	455	195	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	195	250	420	195	225	2,150	1,145	1,005
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,200	59,600	49,600	41,200	46,800	36,400	62,400	74,400	48,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	195	250	420	195	225	2,150	1,145	1,005
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,000	39,200	35,000	39,600	31,200	47,880	54,400	40,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	395	175	220	370	170	195	2,005	1,090	915
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	57,200	46,400	31,900	38,800	25,800	60,550	72,400	46,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	150	170	210	100	110	1,720	960	755
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	57,000	45,600	38,800	50,000	29,200	60,250	68,800	49,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	345	150	200	370	165	205	1,595	820	775
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,520	12,000	11,100	15,000	14,700	15,200	8,010	7,500	8,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40	20	20	0	0	0	130	70	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	4,800	8,000	...	...	...	5,800	5,600	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	95	45	50	50	20	30	720	410	310
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,400	8,800	8,800	9,000	8,500	9,420	9,920	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	455	195	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	160	85	80	75	50	30	910	550	360
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	82,000	52,800	69,500	76,500	x	72,500	75,500	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,000	88,000	67,000	78,000	92,000	56,000	84,600	92,800	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	110	60	45	90	30	60	665	350	320
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,100	15,100	16,400	11,700	x	11,800	19,800	16,400	21,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	22,000	32,000	23,200	20,000	24,000	35,200	40,800	29,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.0	84.0	82.0	68.0	73.0	62.0	90.4	92.8	86.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.0	72.0	62.0	47.0	54.0	40.0	77.2	78.0	76.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.6	15.2	17.6	32.0	26.8	38.0	9.5	7.2	13.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.2	x	x	x	0.6	0.4	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.9	3.6	4.2	3.8	3.2	4.6	5.4	5.1	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	3.2	3.6	2.6	2.0	3.2	5.1	4.8	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	510	230	280	430	225	210	2,195	1,155	1,040
Without total income	5	0	5	10	5	0	170	95	80
With total income	500	225	280	420	215	205	2,025	1,060	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	10	30	25	10	15	275	120	150
$10,000 to $19,999	70	35	35	45	15	25	235	115	125
$20,000 to $29,999	75	35	35	155	75	75	235	115	120
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	30	65	40	20	195	100	100
$40,000 to $49,999	70	25	45	55	25	25	145	80	70
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	30	10	15	130	65	70
$60,000 to $69,999	35	10	25	15	15	5	150	80	70
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	15	15	10	5	125	60	65
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	5	5	0	125	70	60
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	5	0	0	75	55	25
$100,000 and over	50	25	30	15	10	10	330	215	110
$100,000 to $149,999	35	15	15	5	0	5	215	130	80
$150,000 and over	15	5	5	10	5	0	115	90	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	510	230	280	430	225	210	2,195	1,155	1,040
Without after-tax income	5	0	5	10	5	0	170	95	80
With after-tax income	505	225	280	420	215	205	2,025	1,060	960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	30	25	10	15	280	120	155
$10,000 to $19,999	75	40	35	45	15	25	250	120	130
$20,000 to $29,999	90	50	45	155	85	75	260	130	130
$30,000 to $39,999	80	35	40	85	45	40	230	115	115
$40,000 to $49,999	80	30	55	50	20	30	210	105	105
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	25	25	15	10	185	100	85
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	15	10	5	190	95	95
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	10	5	0	125	85	40
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	0	0	0	80	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	0	0	0	60	40	20
$100,000 and over	20	10	10	10	5	0	145	100	45
$100,000 to $124,999	10	0	5	5	5	0	85	55	30
$125,000 and over	10	5	5	0	0	0	65	50	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	510	230	280	430	225	210	2,195	1,155	1,040
Without employment income	150	60	95	245	125	115	565	270	295
With employment income	360	165	190	190	95	90	1,630	885	745
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	20	30	55	30	25	190	95	100
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	15	5	10	155	90	70
$10,000 to $19,999	35	25	15	20	10	10	165	75	90
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	10	10	0	10	105	55	45
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	20	15	10	5	95	45	50
$40,000 to $49,999	40	15	30	25	15	15	95	40	50
$50,000 to $59,999	35	10	25	15	5	10	115	60	50
$60,000 to $69,999	20	5	10	5	5	0	140	70	65
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	10	10	0	105	55	50
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	0	0	0	110	65	50
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	5	0	0	75	50	25
$100,000 and over	40	15	20	10	5	0	280	190	95
$100,000 to $124,999	25	10	10	0	0	0	130	85	45
$125,000 and over	15	5	10	5	5	0	150	100	45
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	510	225	280	435	220	205	2,195	1,155	1,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	485	225	260	415	215	200	1,930	1,015	920
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	40,400	41,200	27,000	28,200	26,000	36,400	42,800	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	485	225	260	415	215	200	1,930	1,015	920
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	34,800	36,400	26,200	26,800	25,200	33,600	38,000	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	440	205	235	335	170	165	1,780	950	825
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	38,400	36,400	19,400	20,200	17,800	39,600	45,600	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	340	165	175	180	90	85	1,535	845	695
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	38,800	42,000	19,600	29,200	17,000	45,600	48,800	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	350	155	195	360	180	180	1,285	635	655
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	4,320	9,400	16,000	15,700	16,200	1,330	1,300	1,370
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	15	15	15	5	5	70	30	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	x	x	x	x	x	7,100	5,360	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	455	195	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	430	195	235	415	200	215	2,025	1,060	965
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	58,400	50,400	37,000	42,800	32,000	51,350	58,600	43,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	430	195	235	415	200	215	2,025	1,060	965
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,800	47,200	40,800	31,800	35,600	28,200	40,760	45,400	35,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	390	175	210	350	170	180	1,880	1,005	875
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	56,800	48,800	30,700	38,000	23,800	52,500	60,200	43,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	150	150	185	95	90	1,625	905	715
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	57,000	52,000	36,800	47,000	26,400	53,400	58,800	46,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	305	130	175	350	160	190	1,390	695	695
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	8,400	9,300	13,550	13,400	13,700	3,840	2,740	4,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	25	15	0	0	0	70	35	35
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	8,500	14,000	...	...	...	11,600	9,000	14,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	455	195	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	85	75	70	45	30	880	525	350
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	86,000	51,600	55,600	71,000	x	63,600	69,000	58,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	82,000	68,000	70,000	88,000	40,000	72,600	78,800	63,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	100	55	40	70	25	40	555	275	280
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,800	21,400	52,400	11,400	x	17,000	18,200	17,600	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,000	31,000	52,000	21,000	24,000	19,000	34,200	36,800	31,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	90.0	86.0	69.0	75.0	62.0	94.8	96.8	92.0
Employment income (%)	72.0	78.0	66.0	44.0	52.0	33.0	83.4	85.6	80.0
Government transfers (%)	11.8	10.0	13.6	31.0	25.2	38.0	5.1	3.1	8.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	x	x	x	0.8	0.5	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,485	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	31,600	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	30,000	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	140	...	...	290	...	...	835	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	28,400	...	...	50,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	27,400	...	...	43,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	160	...	...	65	...	...	655	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	48,400	...	...	86,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	41,400	...	...	66,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	305	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	38,000	...	...	75,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	33,600	...	...	53,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	50	...	...	680	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	100,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	83,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,485	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	10	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	95	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	35	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	30	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	35	...	...	445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	110	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	300	...	...	360	...	...	1,485	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	10	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	20	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	95	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	40	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	35	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	25	...	...	280	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	5	...	...	90	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	155	...	...	50	...	...	585	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	67,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	35	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	5	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	x	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	x	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	x	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	x	...	...	44,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	160	70	90	330	165	160	990	560	430
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	34,400	50,800	27,600	28,400	26,400	44,800	45,600	42,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	30,200	42,800	27,000	27,600	25,800	40,000	40,800	38,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	40	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	72,000	...	...	85,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	30	...	...	320	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	0	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	190,000	...	...	...	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	x	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	...	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	...	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	185	85	100	340	160	185	1,040	600	440
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	43,000	59,000	38,800	42,000	36,000	69,200	82,000	51,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	37,000	46,000	34,000	36,000	32,400	49,500	55,400	41,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	575	255	320	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,125
0 to 17 years	85	25	55	20	10	10	230	130	100
0 to 5 years	25	5	20	10	5	5	115	60	55
18 to 64 years	360	170	190	180	85	85	2,035	1,070	965
65 years and over	130	55	75	250	130	120	130	65	60
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	70	35	35	180	85	90	685	365	320
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	10	5	5	75	55	25
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	30	20	10
18 to 64 years	40	20	15	50	25	30	570	295	280
65 years and over	25	10	15	115	55	60	40	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	14.0	12.0	39.6	37.5	42.0	28.6	28.7	28.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	16.0	10.0	30.0	30.0	x	33.0	42.0	22.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	26.0	32.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	13.0	10.0	29.0	28.0	32.0	28.0	27.4	28.8
65 years and over (%)	18.0	16.0	18.0	47.0	44.0	50.0	30.0	24.0	34.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	570	250	320	450	235	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
0 to 17 years	85	25	60	20	15	10	230	125	100
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	5	0	10	110	60	50
18 to 64 years	355	170	185	175	90	90	2,030	1,070	965
65 years and over	130	55	75	250	135	120	125	70	60
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	35	30	90	45	50	540	295	245
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	5	0	5	55	40	15
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	40	20	15	50	20	30	465	245	220
65 years and over	15	5	5	35	15	15	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.0	12.0	8.5	20.4	17.5	23.0	22.6	23.2	21.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	x	x	25.0	x	x	24.0	30.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	19.0	24.0	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	13.0	8.0	28.0	26.0	32.0	22.9	23.0	22.8
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0	14.0	12.0	16.0	14.0	12.0	16.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	575	255	320	450	235	220	2,390	1,265	1,125
In bottom half of the distribution	300	140	165	360	175	185	1,400	720	675
In bottom decile	85	40	40	160	80	80	650	355	300
In second decile	60	30	30	90	45	50	210	105	100
In third decile	50	25	25	50	25	25	175	85	90
In fourth decile	50	15	30	35	20	20	195	95	95
In fifth decile	60	30	30	30	15	15	165	75	90
In top half of the distribution	270	115	155	85	55	30	995	545	445
In sixth decile	55	20	30	20	15	10	145	85	65
In seventh decile	55	20	35	20	15	10	215	120	95
In eighth decile	85	35	50	15	10	5	185	95	85
In ninth decile	45	20	20	20	10	10	225	115	110
In top decile	35	15	20	10	5	0	225	125	95
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	570	...	...	450	...	...	2,390	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.320	...	...	0.370	...	...	0.456	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.448	...	...	0.606	...	...	0.531	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...	0.332	...	...	0.404	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	4.2	...	...	12.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	985	305	675	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
English only	125	35	90	20	15	5	820	445	370
French only	90	30	60	145	70	80	105	50	50
English and French	765	245	520	285	150	135	1,405	740	660
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	985	305	675	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
English	365	120	240	45	25	15	1,300	705	590
French	550	160	385	395	195	195	730	395	335
English and French	70	25	45	10	10	5	295	140	160
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	985	305	675	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
Single responses	875	285	590	430	225	205	2,165	1,155	1,010
Official languages	710	230	480	375	195	185	985	565	415
English	265	90	180	20	15	10	415	250	165
French	440	135	300	360	180	180	565	315	255
Non-official languages	165	50	110	50	30	20	1,185	590	595
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	165	50	110	50	30	20	1,185	590	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	10	10	0	240	135	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	5	10	10	0	240	135	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	5	5	5	0	240	135	100
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	40	80	25	20	10	410	220	190
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	5	5	0	75	40	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	5	5	0	75	40	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0	15	10	5
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0	40	20	25
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	170	90	80
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	50	30	25
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	55
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	55
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	25	60	20	10	10	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	15	45	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0	20	10	5
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	15	10	10	15	10	5	75	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	5	0	5	415	180	235
Chinese languages	5	0	5	5	0	5	415	180	235
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0	365	160	205
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	30	85	20	10	10	225	110	115
English and French	95	20	75	10	5	5	60	35	30
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0	0	0	85	45	45
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	0	5	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	985	305	675	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
English	235	90	145	20	20	5	515	295	220
French	480	130	350	350	170	175	390	210	180
Non-official language	50	20	30	10	10	5	335	160	175
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	10	10	5	335	160	175
English and French	130	35	95	35	20	15	260	145	115
English and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	15	10	5	505	255	250
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	15	5	5	65	30	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	10	5	5	290	150	135
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	35	10	20
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	985	305	675	450	230	220	2,390	1,265	1,120
Single responses	930	295	635	435	225	210	2,140	1,140	1,000
Official languages	860	270	595	425	215	205	1,445	810	640
English	330	125	210	35	25	10	855	485	370
French	530	145	385	390	190	195	590	320	270
Non-official languages	70	25	45	15	10	5	695	335	355
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	25	45	15	10	5	695	335	355
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	10	5	5	225	115	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	30	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	30	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	25	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	50
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	5	5	5	65	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5
Spanish	15	5	10	5	5	5	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	285	130	160
Chinese languages	10	0	5	0	0	0	285	130	160
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0	0	0	260	115	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	15	40	15	5	10	250	120	125
English and French	35	10	25	10	5	5	90	50	40
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0	0	0	100	45	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	5	5	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	985	305	675	450	235	220	2,390	1,270	1,125
None	810	255	555	395	200	190	1,420	755	670
English	35	10	30	25	15	10	325	160	160
French	85	25	55	5	0	0	125	65	60
Non-official language	30	10	25	15	5	10	260	135	120
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	25	15	5	10	260	135	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	5	5	85	50	35
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	0	70	40	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	35	20	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	495	210	285	435	205	230	2,545	1,375	1,175
Official languages	495	205	285	435	205	230	2,480	1,345	1,135
English	420	185	235	290	120	175	2,365	1,290	1,080
French	445	185	260	425	195	230	1,635	880	755
Non-official languages	145	55	95	100	45	55	1,790	935	850
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	55	95	100	45	55	1,790	935	850
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	15	15	0	465	275	195
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	15	15	0	460	270	190
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	10	10	0	455	270	185
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	40	15	15
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	40	65	80	35	50	740	430	305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0	90	55	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0	90	55	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Russian	30	10	20	0	0	0	70	35	35
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	20	0	20	55	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	45	35	10
German	0	0	0	15	0	15	45	35	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	25	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	140	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	50
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	50
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	45	65	20	45	370	205	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	20	0	0	0	0	65	45	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Spanish	40	10	30	55	15	40	270	140	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	210	250
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	210	250
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	180	235
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	500	210	290	435	205	230	2,550	1,375	1,175
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	30	20	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	30	20	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	465	190	275	430	205	225	2,540	1,370	1,170
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	500	210	290	435	205	230	2,550	1,375	1,175
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	495	205	290	435	205	230	2,550	1,375	1,175
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Owner	155	...	...	35	...	...	590	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	325	...	...	960	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...	50	...	...	1,540	...	...
Not condominium	195	...	...	305	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	55	...	...	240	...	...	730	...	...
2 bedrooms	140	...	...	15	...	...	755	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	15	...	...	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	140	...	...	330	...	...	1,440	...	...
5 rooms	70	...	...	15	...	...	100	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	10	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.9	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
One person or fewer per room	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,505	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Suitable	275	...	...	355	...	...	1,460	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	0	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	70	...	...	265	...	...	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	30	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	80	...	...	10	...	...	70	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	265	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	475	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	70	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	240	...	...	325	...	...	1,555	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
One-maintainer household	190	...	...	310	...	...	1,070	...	...
Two-maintainer household	80	...	...	30	...	...	470	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	15	...	...	225	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	30	...	...	580	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	10	...	...	335	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	10	...	...	215	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	60	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	125	...	...	90	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	85	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	280	...	...	350	...	...	1,490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	200	...	...	200	...	...	880	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	75	...	...	155	...	...	605	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	145	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	280	...	...	355	...	...	1,555	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	175	...	...	650	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	55	...	...	140	...	...	555	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	0	...	...	45	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	50	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	180	...	...	180	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	275	...	...	350	...	...	1,315	...	...
In core need	30	...	...	120	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	245	...	...	225	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	30	...	...	590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.9	...	...	50.0	...	...	65.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	41.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	x	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	1,100	...	...	1,720	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	452,000	...	...	x	...	...	492,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	400,000	...	...	526,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	120	...	...	325	...	...	960	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	15.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.2	...	...	46.9	...	...	40.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.8	...	...	38.7	...	...	5.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	775	...	...	1,600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...	864	...	...	1,616	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	495	205	285	435	210	225	2,550	1,370	1,175
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	10	10	15	0	15	15	0	10
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	10	10	15	0	15	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	15	0	15	10	0	10
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	455	190	270	420	205	215	2,530	1,365	1,170
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	495	210	285	435	210	225	2,550	1,370	1,175
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	460	200	260	370	180	185	1,565	870	690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	55	10	45	10	10	0	170	95	75
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	405	190	215	360	170	185	1,395	780	615
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	35	10	30	70	30	45	985	500	485
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	495	210	285	435	210	225	2,550	1,370	1,175
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	360	160	200	300	145	160	970	545	420
Immigrants⁸¹	125	45	75	80	40	35	1,085	545	535
Before 1980	45	20	25	40	20	25	60	25	30
1980 to 1990	15	10	10	0	0	0	50	15	35
1991 to 2000	25	10	20	0	0	0	220	145	80
2001 to 2010	15	0	10	10	0	10	205	110	90
2011 to 2021⁸²	20	0	20	20	20	0	555	255	305
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110
2016 to 2021	20	0	15	15	15	0	380	185	195
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	55	20	35	495	275	220
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	120	45	80	80	40	35	1,085	550	535
Under 5 years	15	0	10	0	0	0	105	75	30
5 to 14 years	30	10	15	15	0	10	180	105	70
15 to 24 years	25	15	10	20	10	10	195	90	110
25 to 44 years	60	20	45	25	15	10	515	235	280
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	120	45	80	80	40	35	1,085	550	535
Americas	30	10	15	10	0	10	120	45	75
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Europe	40	20	25	35	20	15	130	65	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	15	10	0	35	25	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	10	15
Africa	15	0	10	35	25	15	210	115	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0	45	30	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	10	10	0	55	25	35
Asia	35	0	25	0	0	0	620	320	300
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	45	30
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	105
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	0	0	0	60	40	25
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	15	10	10	0	380	185	195
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	20	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	30
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	60	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	495	210	290	435	205	230	2,545	1,375	1,175
First generation¹⁰⁰	145	50	95	140	60	80	1,640	860	780
Second generation¹⁰¹	100	40	55	25	20	10	485	275	205
Third generation or more¹⁰²	255	120	130	275	130	145	425	240	190
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	80	25	50	35	20	15	1,025	520	505
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50	10	40	25	20	10	810	395	415
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	10	15	15	15	0	380	210	170
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	0	15	10	0	0	435	190	245
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10	0	10	10	0	0	145	80	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	10	0	0	0	65	45	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	80	25	50	35	20	15	1,025	520	505
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	15	10	0	0	70	50	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	40	10	30	20	15	10	705	355	345
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	500	210	290	435	205	230	2,550	1,375	1,175
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	115	25	90	35	20	15	1,610	820	795
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	60
Chinese	15	0	15	0	0	0	480	220	265
Black	40	15	30	0	0	0	170	95	80
Filipino	20	0	15	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab	20	0	15	15	0	0	395	220	175
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	35
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	380	185	195	405	185	215	940	555	380
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	495	210	285	435	205	230	2,545	1,370	1,175
Canadian	75	30	45	100	60	40	185	110	75
English	50	25	25	0	0	0	75	40	35
Irish	60	25	40	20	0	15	65	30	40
Scottish	40	15	25	0	0	0	65	30	35
French, n.o.s.¹²²	100	55	55	185	70	115	265	135	125
German	0	0	0	25	10	15	50	35	20
Chinese	10	0	10	0	0	0	450	210	240
Italian	40	20	20	15	0	10	90	75	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0	0	0	30	25	10
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Québécois	30	15	15	15	15	0	40	15	25
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
French Canadian	20	15	10	25	15	10	30	10	20
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Russian	15	15	0	0	0	0	60	35	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
American	10	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10	60	30	25
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0	10	10	0	25	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	0	10	0	0	0	165	90	80
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	35
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	40
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10	0	0	0	15	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	55	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	500	210	290	435	205	230	2,550	1,375	1,175
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	20
Christian	275	115	160	270	115	155	710	370	345
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	25	0	20	15	10	0	235	135	100
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	230	105	125	225	100	130	355	175	185
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	10	0	0	60	25	30
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20
Muslim	40	10	30	10	10	0	550	330	225
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
No religion and secular perspectives	180	90	90	155	80	75	1,165	630	535
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	490	210	280	430	200	225	2,520	1,355	1,165
Non-movers	440	190	245	355	180	180	1,495	800	695
Movers	50	15	35	75	30	50	1,030	560	465
Non-migrants	50	15	35	55	30	30	580	320	265
Migrants	0	0	0	25	0	25	445	240	210
Internal migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	250	140	105
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	145	70	70
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	35
External migrants	0	0	0	10	0	10	195	100	100
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	475	205	270	435	205	230	2,420	1,300	1,115
Non-movers	290	135	150	235	110	120	535	280	255
Movers	185	65	120	195	90	110	1,885	1,015	860
Non-migrants	120	55	65	120	60	55	645	345	295
Migrants	60	10	50	75	25	50	1,235	670	565
Internal migrants	40	10	30	30	15	20	630	350	280
Intraprovincial migrants	40	10	30	25	15	15	410	240	175
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	110
External migrants	25	0	15	45	15	35	605	320	285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	195	260	425	205	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	25	45	35	15	15	75	30	45
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	385	175	215	390	185	205	2,240	1,200	1,040
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	305	145	165	160	85	80	1,820	965	850
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20	15	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	285	130	155	155	80	75	1,795	965	835
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	200	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	25	40	20	10	10	60	25	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	100	50	50	90	60	30	215	145	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	290	120	170	310	130	185	2,035	1,060	970
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	60	80	120	50	70	445	280	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	30	20	40	25	15	55	25	30
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	15	10	30	15	15	45	15	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	25	15	10	10	10	0	20	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	30	50	15	35	320	190	120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	30	35	0	25	70	55	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	150	60	90	190	80	110	1,590	790	805
Bachelor's degree	95	35	60	100	40	55	835	435	400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	20	15	10	140	55	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Master's degree	35	10	25	65	25	40	480	215	260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	305	140	160	165	85	80	1,820	970	855
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	15	15	0	120	70	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	100	130	145	70	75	1,685	895	790
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	45	65	35	25	15	310	200	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	20	10	10	0	45	25	25
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	20	10	0	0	0	30	15	15
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	15	30	15	0	15	210	140	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	10	0	0	60	35	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	120	55	70	105	50	55	1,375	695	680
Bachelor's degree	85	40	45	45	20	30	655	350	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	20	10	10	125	60	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	30	15
Master's degree	25	0	20	40	20	15	465	215	250
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	460	200	260	425	200	220	2,315	1,225	1,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	165	80	90	115	70	45	280	165	110
Education	10	0	10	35	0	35	35	15	20
13. Education	10	0	10	35	0	35	35	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	40	20	20	75	45	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	40	20	20	65	40	30
Humanities	15	0	15	35	15	20	100	30	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10	30	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	15	15	0	20	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	15	20	40	15	25	280	90	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	10	0	0	35	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	10	0	10	40	0	40
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	15	15	0	140	60	85
Business, management and public administration	85	35	45	45	10	35	590	295	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	30	45	40	0	35	580	295	285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	15	0	10	150	65	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	50	20	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	20	15	0	255	165	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0	180	140	45
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	40	0	25	25	0	365	275	90
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15
14. Engineering	25	20	0	20	20	0	265	190	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	50	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	35	0	35	25	0	25	175	75	90
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	25	0	25	145	65	80
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10	20	15	0	20	15	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	10	15	10	0	15	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	305	145	160	160	85	80	1,820	965	850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	75	50	25	20	15	10	140	75	60
Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	10	10
13. Education	0	0	0	10	0	10	20	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	20	10	10	75	45	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	20	10	10	65	40	25
Humanities	10	0	10	15	10	10	60	15	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	15	15	0	10	240	80	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	135	55	75
Business, management and public administration	70	30	40	25	0	20	515	260	255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	25	40	25	0	20	505	260	245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	90	35	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0	35	10	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0	225	155	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	10	10	0	165	125	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	40	35	0	15	15	0	310	220	85
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15
14. Engineering	25	20	0	15	15	0	245	175	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25	0	25	0	0	0	160	75	75
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	0	25	0	0	0	140	70	65
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	305	145	160	160	85	80	1,820	965	850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	75	50	25	20	15	10	140	75	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	230	95	135	140	70	70	1,685	890	790
Location of study inside Canada	215	90	125	95	50	45	1,020	575	440
Same as province or territory of residence	210	85	125	90	45	45	880	480	395
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	100	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	15	10	10	45	25	25	670	315	350
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	40	20	20	195	115	75
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	25	10	20	65	35	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0	275	105	170
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	30	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	455	200	260	425	200	225	2,310	1,230	1,085
In the labour force	280	135	150	165	75	85	1,720	1,015	705
Employed	250	120	135	150	65	75	1,520	900	620
Unemployed	30	15	15	15	10	10	200	115	90
Not in the labour force	170	60	110	260	120	140	590	215	380
Participation rate	61.5	67.5	57.7	38.8	37.5	37.8	74.5	82.5	65.0
Employment rate	54.9	60.0	51.9	35.3	32.5	33.3	65.8	73.2	57.1
Unemployment rate	10.7	11.1	10.0	9.1	13.3	11.8	11.6	11.3	12.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	460	200	260	425	200	220	2,315	1,225	1,085
Did not work¹⁸⁶	175	50	120	250	115	130	625	255	370
Worked	285	145	135	170	85	95	1,685	975	715
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	165	80	80	80	50	30	930	570	365
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	125	70	55	95	35	60	755	410	345
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.6	41.2	39.8	42.4	37.6	40.6	40.9	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	280	140	145	165	80	90	1,720	1,015	710
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	280	140	140	155	75	85	1,650	970	680
Employee	230	105	125	135	60	75	1,375	785	590
Permanent position	225	105	120	85	40	45	1,075	625	455
Temporary position	0	0	0	50	15	35	300	160	140
Fixed term (1 year or more)	0	0	0	30	0	25	175	90	80
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	0	0	0	25	15	10	125	70	55
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	30	15	20	15	10	275	185	90
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	280	140	145	165	80	90	1,720	1,015	710
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	280	140	140	155	75	85	1,650	970	680
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	20	40	35	0	35	440	195	245
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	35	0	25	15	0	370	285	75
3 Health occupations	45	0	40	0	0	0	120	50	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	10	30	10	20	195	90	100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	20	0	10	125	70	50
6 Sales and service occupations	50	30	20	30	15	10	315	195	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	25	10	15	15	0	60	50	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	280	140	145	165	80	90	1,720	1,015	710
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	45	25
All industries¹⁹¹	280	140	140	155	75	85	1,650	970	680
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0
23 Construction	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
31-33 Manufacturing	20	0	10	0	0	0	70	50	20
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	10	0	0	0	80	50	35
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	10	0	0	100	55	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	20	10	0	0	0	70	40	25
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	10	10	0	95	55	35
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	20	0	0	0	150	90	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	15	10	35	15	15	440	295	140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	20	10	15	0	10	45	25	25
61 Educational services	15	10	0	30	10	20	155	70	85
62 Health care and social assistance	40	10	35	25	0	25	115	50	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	10	0	0	110	70	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
91 Public administration	15	10	10	15	15	0	75	30	40
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	305	155	150	195	100	95	1,795	1,025	770
English	45	25	20	15	10	0	625	355	265
French	70	35	30	110	50	60	220	100	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20
English and French	185	95	95	70	40	30	790	505	285
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	305	155	150	195	100	95	1,795	1,025	770
Single responses	225	110	115	170	90	80	1,435	820	615
Official languages	225	110	115	170	90	80	1,395	810	590
English	90	35	50	30	25	10	920	525	395
French	140	75	65	140	65	70	480	280	195
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	40	40	25	10	15	360	205	155
English and French	80	40	40	25	10	15	285	170	120
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	305	155	150	195	100	95	1,795	1,025	770
None	195	105	95	145	70	75	1,195	650	540
English	65	40	25	25	15	15	260	180	85
French	40	10	25	20	15	0	285	175	110
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	250	120	130	150	65	80	1,520	900	620
Worked at home	100	45	50	65	40	30	860	490	375
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10
No fixed workplace address	25	15	0	10	0	0	90	70	20
Usual place of work	125	50	70	70	25	45	560	340	220
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	125	50	70	70	25	45	555	340	220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	65	30	40	60	15	45	460	300	160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50	20	30	0	0	0	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	70	30	45
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	145	70	75	85	30	50	645	405	240
Car, truck or van	105	60	40	10	10	0	280	180	100
Car, truck or van - as a driver	95	50	40	10	10	0	265	175	95
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	10	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
Public transit	40	0	35	35	15	20	125	60	70
Walked	0	0	0	30	0	30	210	155	55
Bicycle	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	145	70	75	85	30	50	645	405	240
Less than 15 minutes	30	25	0	15	0	15	165	120	45
15 to 29 minutes	55	25	25	30	0	30	265	170	95
30 to 44 minutes	45	15	30	35	25	10	150	90	65
45 to 59 minutes	20	0	10	10	0	0	40	10	25
60 minutes and over	10	0	10	0	0	0	25	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	145	70	75	85	30	50	645	405	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	15	30	25	10	20	130	85	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	0	40	10	0	10	190	120	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	25	10	15	180	110	70
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	25	10	0	0	0	80	55	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	85	25	60	25	10	10	230	130	100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	20	5	0	0	75	45	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	10	40	20	10	10	160	90	70
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	20	40	10	10	5	130	75	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	5	0	0	60	35	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5	5	0	0	60	35	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	10	30	15	10	0	70	40	30

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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