Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662157More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660729More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24661399More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	589	...	...	320	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	426	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	317	...	...	152	...	...	976,966	...	...	167	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	299	...	...	140	...	...	910,359	...	...	152	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,858.8	...	...	13,913.0	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	2,868.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	0.02	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	590	300	290	320	150	165	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	425	220	205
0 to 14 years	60	30	30	50	25	30	309,765	158,545	151,225	90	45	40
0 to 4 years	15	5	10	15	10	5	99,195	50,760	48,435	15	5	10
5 to 9 years	10	10	5	20	10	5	106,985	54,660	52,320	25	15	10
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	20	5	15	103,590	53,120	50,470	45	25	20
15 to 64 years	440	235	205	230	110	120	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	245	125	120
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	10	5	5	97,525	49,340	48,180	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	65	40	20	15	10	5	140,025	70,895	69,125	20	15	10
25 to 29 years	85	40	45	25	10	15	165,525	83,630	81,895	10	5	10
30 to 34 years	50	25	20	35	15	20	157,725	78,995	78,730	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	40	20	20	20	5	15	149,265	74,115	75,155	15	5	10
40 to 44 years	40	20	25	25	15	10	142,365	70,920	71,445	25	15	5
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	30	15	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	35	10	20
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	20	15	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	30	15	15
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	20	10	10	125,465	63,810	61,655	30	15	15
60 to 64 years	20	10	10	25	15	10	118,065	57,920	60,140	30	15	15
65 years and over	90	40	55	40	20	25	351,325	151,210	200,120	90	45	45
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	15	5	10	99,325	46,730	52,595	40	20	20
70 to 74 years	30	10	20	15	10	5	86,030	39,185	46,845	15	10	10
75 to 79 years	25	15	10	5	0	5	63,215	27,320	35,895	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	46,875	18,960	27,915	10	5	5
85 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0	55,885	19,015	36,870	10	5	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	0	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.2	10.0	10.3	15.6	16.7	18.2	15.5	16.1	14.8	21.2	20.5	19.5
15 to 64 years	74.6	78.3	70.7	71.9	73.3	72.7	67.0	68.5	65.6	57.6	56.8	58.5
65 years and over	15.3	13.3	19.0	12.5	13.3	15.2	17.5	15.4	19.6	21.2	20.5	22.0
85 years and over	0.8	0.0	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.4	2.3	0.0
Average age of the population	39.3	38.0	40.6	39.4	39.6	39.4	41.0	39.8	42.1	42.3	40.4	44.2
Median age of the population	35.2	33.6	37.2	40.0	40.8	38.0	39.6	38.4	40.4	46.4	43.2	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	300	...	...	140	...	...	910,360	...	...	155	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	100,615	...	...	70	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,530	...	...	60	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	115	...	...	85	...	...	110,440	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	180	...	...	50	...	...	479,885	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	295	...	...	140	...	...	910,355	...	...	150	...	...
1 person	135	...	...	45	...	...	367,400	...	...	20	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	45	...	...	271,730	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	35	...	...	118,205	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	15	...	...	98,205	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	54,820	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	585	300	290	320	150	170	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	430	220	210
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	530	270	260	270	130	135	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	335	170	165
Married or living common-law	205	110	100	145	70	70	822,440	414,330	408,115	230	110	115
Married	145	70	70	95	45	45	577,060	289,455	287,600	185	90	90
Living common-law	65	35	30	50	25	25	245,385	124,870	120,510	45	25	20
Living common law - Never married	60	35	25	40	20	20	207,040	104,785	102,250	35	15	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	5	0	5	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	320	160	155	125	55	65	872,060	410,935	461,125	110	60	50
Not married and not living common law - Never married	250	145	105	100	50	50	627,845	333,150	294,700	80	50	35
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0	0	0	34,795	14,820	19,975	5	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	15	30	15	5	10	126,605	46,380	80,225	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	20	10	0	5	82,815	16,590	66,225	5	0	0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	80	...	...	495,445	...	...	130	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	35	...	...	251,075	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	35	...	...	107,265	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	10	...	...	93,300	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5	...	...	43,810	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	85	...	...	495,445	...	...	125	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	70	...	...	395,645	...	...	110	...	...
Married couples	70	...	...	45	...	...	273,070	...	...	95	...	...
With children⁶	35	...	...	30	...	...	162,745	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	15	...	...	110,325	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	25	...	...	122,570	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	15	...	...	44,875	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	20	...	...	15	...	...	77,700	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	35	...	...	15	...	...	99,805	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	10	...	...	80,530	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	0	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	590	300	290	320	155	170	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	430	220	205
Total - Persons in census families	370	175	195	245	120	125	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	400	215	190
Married spouses or common-law partners	200	100	95	140	70	70	791,280	398,495	392,785	230	110	115
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	35	10	5	5	99,805	19,275	80,525	10	5	10
Children⁶	135	70	70	85	40	45	541,905	284,935	256,965	155	90	60
In a two-parent family	85	35	45	70	35	35	392,250	205,155	187,095	135	80	55
In a one-parent family	55	35	20	20	5	10	149,655	79,785	69,865	20	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	220	125	95	80	35	45	526,370	262,915	263,450	25	10	15
Living alone	135	70	65	40	15	25	367,395	175,660	191,740	25	10	15
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	5	5	0	5	49,280	22,020	27,255	0	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	75	45	30	35	15	15	109,690	65,235	44,455	0	0	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	300	...	...	140	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	80	...	...	455,970	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	90	...	...	70	...	...	370,250	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	40	...	...	194,165	...	...	65	...	...
Without children	50	...	...	25	...	...	176,085	...	...	50	...	...
One-parent-family households	30	...	...	10	...	...	85,720	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	0	...	...	16,550	...	...	0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	30	...	...	15	...	...	55,210	...	...	0	...	...
One-person households	135	...	...	40	...	...	367,395	...	...	25	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	530	270	255	265	125	140	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	340	170	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	265	245	260	125	130	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	335	170	165
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	32,000	32,000	39,200	36,000	40,800	37,600	39,600	36,000	86,000	121,000	68,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	505	265	245	260	125	130	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	335	170	165
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	28,600	30,600	35,600	32,400	37,600	34,000	35,200	32,800	68,000	88,000	55,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	460	235	225	235	110	125	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	325	165	160
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,000	23,800	21,600	33,600	33,600	35,200	31,000	35,200	27,000	82,000	120,000	55,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	395	210	185	205	95	105	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	250	135	115
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,400	25,200	27,800	34,000	31,200	37,600	32,800	36,000	29,600	62,000	68,500	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	430	205	220	205	95	105	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	210	95	115
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	7,900	9,800	7,450	7,450	7,800	10,800	9,600	12,000	8,200	7,150	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	30	30	25	15	15	171,705	84,570	87,145	15	5	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,640	5,560	5,560	x	x	5,520	5,480	5,680	x	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	180	100	80	95	55	40	529,640	276,110	253,530	70	40	35
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,250	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	7,100	5,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	515	240	280	280	130	150	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	325	170	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	235	270	265	125	135	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	315	165	150
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	47,600	44,000	53,600	52,000	55,000	53,250	60,050	46,760	308,000	476,000	120,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	505	235	270	265	125	135	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	315	165	150
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	39,600	36,800	44,400	42,000	46,000	42,520	46,280	38,960	156,000	224,000	82,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	495	230	260	245	125	125	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	295	155	145
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	41,200	36,400	48,400	45,000	52,000	48,960	57,350	40,640	314,000	500,000	118,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	435	210	230	215	110	105	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	240	135	105
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	42,000	34,800	50,400	48,000	53,000	48,760	55,650	41,480	270,000	400,000	104,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	175	240	210	100	110	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	175	90	85
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,880	9,500	10,200	10,900	10,600	11,000	12,040	10,900	13,040	12,500	12,000	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	60	30	35	40	20	20	171,360	84,435	86,925	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,200	5,200	8,500	6,000	12,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	...	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	190	105	85	115	80	35	528,305	276,300	252,005	50	35	20
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,600	9,600	9,400	9,600	9,000	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,600	9,500	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	515	240	275	285	130	150	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	170	160
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	195	85	105	95	40	55	514,340	278,505	235,830	95	65	35
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	46,800	52,000	73,500	83,000	62,800	60,000	63,600	56,000	155,000	240,000	155,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,600	64,000	52,000	80,000	90,000	72,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	530,000	740,000	170,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	205	100	110	120	75	45	504,455	247,565	256,895	85	40	45
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	19,200	11,400	21,800	21,800	21,400	16,400	17,400	15,500	29,000	29,000	29,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	28,800	18,000	28,400	27,000	32,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	98,000	85,000	112,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	86.0	79.0	84.0	84.0	84.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	98.0	100.0	92.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	78.0	66.0	76.0	80.0	72.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	67.0	68.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.8	14.8	20.4	16.0	15.6	16.0	18.9	14.4	24.4	2.2	1.4	6.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	2.4	2.0	2.5	1.4	1.1	1.7	x	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.2	8.6	8.0	8.0	11.6	5.0	6.4	5.9	7.0	0.6	0.4	1.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	8.0	6.8	7.6	11.0	4.5	5.7	5.4	6.0	0.5	0.4	1.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	530	270	260	270	130	135	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165
Without total income	25	10	10	10	0	5	65,020	32,205	32,820	5	0	0
With total income	505	260	245	255	125	135	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	330	170	165
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	35	20	30	20	15	138,250	65,670	72,580	45	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	70	25	45	30	10	15	200,450	93,060	107,390	20	10	10
$20,000 to $29,999	110	60	55	25	15	15	286,825	131,235	155,595	20	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	35	45	20	25	215,455	102,705	112,755	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	35	30	10	15	181,505	86,460	95,040	20	5	10
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	20	20	5	10	138,185	64,805	73,380	10	0	5
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	15	10	5	100,060	48,510	51,550	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	10	15	5	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	10	0	10	58,400	30,060	28,335	10	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	5	0	5	42,240	22,360	19,875	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	35	15	15	149,555	92,680	56,875	155	90	65
$100,000 to $149,999	15	5	10	25	10	15	90,980	53,275	37,705	35	20	15
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	10	10	5	58,575	39,405	19,170	120	70	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	530	270	260	270	130	135	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165
Without after-tax income	25	10	10	10	0	5	64,605	32,005	32,605	5	0	0
With after-tax income	505	260	245	255	125	135	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	330	170	165
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	35	20	30	20	15	144,275	67,955	76,320	40	25	20
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	50	30	10	15	210,975	98,495	112,480	20	10	10
$20,000 to $29,999	120	65	50	35	20	10	334,395	155,845	178,545	30	5	20
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	50	60	25	35	257,145	124,835	132,315	20	15	10
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	35	30	15	10	204,980	97,805	107,175	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	35	15	20	20	5	10	139,760	67,315	72,450	20	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	20	5	15	93,705	46,700	47,005	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	15	10	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	5	5	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	10	5	5	25,855	14,955	10,900	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	15	5	10	73,695	48,025	25,665	130	80	50
$100,000 to $124,999	5	5	0	10	5	5	33,165	20,265	12,905	20	15	10
$125,000 and over	5	0	0	5	0	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	105	65	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	530	270	260	270	130	135	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	335	170	165
Without employment income	135	60	75	65	30	35	495,060	212,405	282,660	85	35	50
With employment income	395	215	185	200	95	105	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	255	135	120
Under $5,000 (including loss)	60	35	30	30	10	20	167,560	82,405	85,155	55	35	25
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	30	20	10	10	111,575	52,975	58,595	15	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	50	35	20	25	10	15	151,350	72,815	78,530	15	10	0
$20,000 to $29,999	45	25	20	25	20	10	116,030	56,295	59,730	15	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	20	15	10	10	108,120	55,225	52,890	10	5	5
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	20	10	5	5	104,250	51,950	52,300	5	0	5
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	15	5	10	84,485	42,940	41,540	5	0	5
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	10	0	10	66,190	35,045	31,145	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	10	10	0	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	5	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	10	0	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	5	0	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	30	15	10	115,575	74,545	41,030	100	60	45
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	10	10	5	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	5	10
$125,000 and over	15	10	5	20	10	5	68,050	45,675	22,375	90	55	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	530	270	255	265	125	140	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	340	170	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	235	240	245	120	130	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	310	155	160
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	29,000	28,800	36,400	34,800	38,000	34,000	36,400	31,800	93,000	125,000	73,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	480	235	240	245	120	130	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	310	155	160
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400	26,200	26,800	32,800	30,800	32,800	31,000	32,800	29,400	72,000	96,000	56,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	440	215	225	230	110	125	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	310	150	155
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,800	22,600	34,400	34,800	32,400	32,000	36,000	28,200	92,000	125,000	67,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	180	175	200	95	105	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	240	120	120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	30,600	28,000	32,000	30,800	33,200	33,600	36,800	30,400	77,500	101,000	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	385	180	205	175	80	95	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	185	75	105
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,100	1,660	4,200	2,060	1,920	2,100	4,440	2,760	7,300	4,800	2,760	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	20	10	15	20	10	10	114,940	56,080	58,855	10	5	5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	x	x	5,440	x	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	515	240	280	280	130	150	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	325	170	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	230	265	260	125	140	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	285	150	140
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	40,400	40,400	49,200	53,000	45,000	50,000	57,050	43,280	298,000	460,000	128,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500	230	265	260	125	140	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	285	150	140
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	33,200	34,000	40,000	43,000	38,000	39,800	43,800	35,920	170,000	248,000	88,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	480	225	260	255	125	135	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	270	140	135
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,400	40,000	35,600	46,400	51,000	42,000	49,080	57,750	40,560	310,000	490,000	126,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	405	190	215	240	115	125	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	220	115	95
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	43,200	33,600	44,400	50,000	39,000	48,720	55,750	41,240	300,000	470,000	94,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	160	225	155	60	95	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	165	90	80
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440	3,040	7,100	6,500	4,200	8,000	8,250	6,740	9,510	8,300	6,500	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25	0	20	30	20	0	114,595	55,675	58,915	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,000	...	15,000	11,000	4,400	...	7,510	5,990	8,940	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	515	240	275	285	130	150	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	170	160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	180	80	100	95	40	55	507,645	274,575	233,070	90	55	35
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	64,000	48,000	66,000	73,500	53,600	54,400	58,400	50,400	192,000	278,000	153,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,600	66,000	51,000	67,000	76,000	60,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	580,000	840,000	170,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	200	95	100	110	70	45	462,020	227,495	234,530	85	40	45
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	15,100	17,800	22,800	41,200	21,800	21,800	23,200	20,400	25,800	41,200	25,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	26,000	19,600	35,000	40,000	28,000	32,320	35,520	29,240	92,000	120,000	70,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.0	86.0	92.0	96.0	88.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	98.0	100.0	96.0
Employment income (%)	76.5	88.0	67.0	82.0	92.0	74.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	76.0	80.0	52.0
Government transfers (%)	10.4	5.2	15.0	8.0	4.0	12.0	12.8	8.6	18.2	1.6	0.8	4.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	x	2.8	2.4	1.4	x	1.1	0.8	1.6	x	x	...
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	300	...	...	140	...	...	910,355	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	70,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	212,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	40	...	...	367,395	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	41,200	...	...	38,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	37,600	...	...	34,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	160	...	...	95	...	...	542,960	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	328,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	83,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	246,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	96,000	...	...	92,700	...	...	640,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	74,100	...	...	330,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	35	...	...	367,255	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	49,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	40,640	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	110	...	...	543,100	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	720,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	365,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	295	...	...	140	...	...	910,355	...	...	150	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	17,665	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	25,730	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	57,720	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	41,160	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	40,595	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	41,545	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	42,630	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	40,980	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	75,485	...	...	0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	67,695	...	...	0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	60,495	...	...	0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	54,055	...	...	0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	45,830	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	50	...	...	270,265	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	85,635	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	62,095	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	10	...	...	66,335	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	295	...	...	140	...	...	910,355	...	...	150	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	5	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0	...	...	17,965	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	0	...	...	27,485	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	0	...	...	63,030	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	49,660	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	48,815	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	51,055	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	50,890	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	47,120	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	85,490	...	...	0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	75,625	...	...	0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	65,530	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	54,850	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	40	...	...	197,490	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	78,870	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	45,905	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	95	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	135	...	...	85	...	...	501,830	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	336,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	252,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	25	...	...	179,195	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	89,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	156,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	40	...	...	208,260	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	114,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	540,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	336,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	15	...	...	95,875	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	x	...	...	65,500	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	x	...	...	59,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	205	120	90	70	35	35	477,085	240,895	236,195	25	5	20
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	27,600	34,000	39,600	30,400	46,400	34,400	34,800	34,000	101,000	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,200	26,600	30,600	36,400	29,600	39,200	31,200	31,200	31,200	78,000	x	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	120	...	...	95	...	...	501,905	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	720,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	365,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	30	...	...	179,455	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	330,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	40	...	...	208,375	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	1,120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	500,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	20	...	...	95,455	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	210	95	120	85	40	40	476,520	240,280	236,245	15	0	0
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	53,000	46,000	44,000	40,000	48,000	45,520	46,520	44,560	x	...	x
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	43,000	39,000	37,000	32,000	42,000	37,600	37,920	37,280	x	...	x
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	590	300	290	320	150	165	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	425	220	205
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	65	30	30	365,020	186,710	178,315	110	65	45
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	20	15	5	120,615	61,615	58,995	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	425	230	195	220	105	115	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	225	115	110
65 years and over	90	40	55	40	20	25	317,425	140,270	177,155	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	65	65	50	30	25	321,885	154,370	167,510	35	15	15
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	15	5	5	54,265	27,870	26,395	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	10	5	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	85	45	40	35	15	15	197,020	99,310	97,710	15	5	5
65 years and over	35	10	20	5	5	0	70,600	27,185	43,415	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.0	22.0	22.0	16.0	18.0	14.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	7.2	7.0	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	20.0	12.0	18.0	20.0	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	12.0	x	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	30.0	30.0	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	21.0	19.0	16.0	18.0	14.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	7.0	6.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	36.0	32.0	40.0	12.0	25.0	x	22.2	19.4	24.5	x	x	x
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	425	220	205
0 to 17 years	70	35	40	60	30	30	365,025	186,705	178,315	110	65	50
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	20	10	10	120,610	61,615	58,995	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	425	230	200	220	105	115	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	220	110	115
65 years and over	90	35	55	35	15	20	317,425	140,265	177,155	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	50	40	40	25	20	213,720	108,905	104,815	20	5	10
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	5	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	65	45	25	30	15	15	153,385	81,765	71,620	10	5	5
65 years and over	15	5	10	5	0	0	30,745	11,975	18,775	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.8	17.0	12.0	13.6	16.0	10.0	10.9	11.3	10.6	4.0	4.0	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	x	x	12.0	12.0	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	20.0	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	18.5	11.0	14.0	18.0	12.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	4.0	x	4.0
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.0	24.0	x	x	x	9.7	8.5	10.6	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	590	300	290	320	150	165	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	425	220	205
In bottom half of the distribution	440	215	230	190	90	100	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	55	25	25
In bottom decile	130	75	55	50	30	20	298,540	147,890	150,655	35	15	15
In second decile	105	45	60	30	15	10	244,435	115,985	128,450	0	0	0
In third decile	65	30	35	35	10	30	240,895	116,550	124,345	0	0	0
In fourth decile	70	35	40	35	15	15	218,125	105,885	112,240	10	5	0
In fifth decile	65	30	35	40	15	20	194,765	95,185	99,580	10	0	5
In top half of the distribution	145	85	60	130	60	70	762,590	384,140	378,450	375	195	175
In sixth decile	35	20	15	10	5	5	172,200	85,100	87,095	0	0	0
In seventh decile	35	25	15	30	10	15	156,540	78,290	78,250	10	5	5
In eighth decile	30	15	10	25	10	10	144,120	72,600	71,525	20	10	10
In ninth decile	30	15	15	45	20	30	134,265	68,285	65,980	55	30	30
In top decile	15	5	5	20	10	5	155,465	79,870	75,595	285	150	130
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	590	...	...	320	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.368	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.506	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.472	...	...	0.468	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.528	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.324	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.438	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	5.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	9.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	425	220	205
English only	160	85	80	45	30	15	262,290	133,690	128,600	20	10	10
French only	20	10	10	25	10	10	486,845	221,005	265,840	40	15	25
English and French	390	195	190	255	115	140	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	365	195	170
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0	0	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	425	220	205
English	385	195	190	170	85	90	605,220	303,380	301,835	70	40	30
French	135	70	65	130	60	70	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	330	165	165
English and French	55	30	25	15	5	10	173,785	88,480	85,300	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	425	220	205
Single responses	525	265	260	300	145	160	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	400	210	190
Official languages	305	155	150	230	110	120	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	335	180	160
English	220	110	110	120	60	60	322,315	162,085	160,230	40	25	15
French	80	45	40	105	50	65	870,975	428,435	442,540	295	155	145
Non-official languages	220	105	110	70	35	35	643,275	311,525	331,750	60	30	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	220	105	110	70	35	35	642,820	311,370	331,445	60	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	5	5	5	129,195	68,395	60,805	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	5	5	5	112,200	59,320	52,880	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	5	0	5	107,605	56,960	50,645	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	60	55	50	25	25	329,415	158,980	170,435	40	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	10	5	5	37,235	16,405	20,835	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	5	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	5	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	5	0	5
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	5	68,600	36,145	32,455	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0	0	5	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0	0	5	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0	0	5	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	30	30	15	15	183,755	87,295	96,460	15	15	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	25	15	10	5	63,560	29,680	33,880	10	5	5
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	15	5	10	85,395	41,150	44,250	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	5	0	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	5	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	5	5	5	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	15	5	5	5	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	10	5	5	5	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	35	30	20	15	10	143,450	71,980	71,470	25	10	15
English and French	10	5	5	15	10	5	42,695	21,750	20,940	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	5	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	5	5	0	47,185	23,615	23,570	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	425	220	205
English	240	120	115	140	65	75	340,470	170,050	170,425	40	25	15
French	65	35	35	80	30	45	779,125	383,000	396,125	260	135	125
Non-official language	65	30	40	15	5	10	204,395	96,705	107,690	10	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	40	15	5	10	204,315	96,670	107,645	10	5	5
English and French	55	30	25	40	25	20	173,135	89,205	83,935	65	30	40
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	40	15	10	5	135,390	66,995	68,400	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	10	5	5	180,900	85,935	94,965	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	35	20	25	15	10	154,470	76,450	78,020	30	20	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	590	295	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	425	220	205
Single responses	525	265	260	290	140	155	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	400	205	195
Official languages	420	210	210	275	135	140	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	380	195	185
English	325	170	160	175	85	85	479,850	239,270	240,580	65	35	30
French	95	40	50	100	50	50	956,130	471,155	484,975	315	160	155
Non-official languages	105	55	50	20	5	15	370,290	177,955	192,335	25	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	55	50	20	5	15	370,125	177,895	192,235	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	0	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	15	5	10	188,550	90,370	98,185	10	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	10	15	5	10	95,835	44,515	51,315	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	15	0	10	54,335	26,035	28,300	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	5	5	5	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	5	10	5	5	5	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	10	5	5	5	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	35	25	30	15	15	173,745	85,640	88,110	25	15	10
English and French	15	10	5	5	0	5	53,305	27,065	26,240	20	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	10	5	5	39,365	19,140	20,225	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	10	5	5	57,355	27,790	29,565	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	5	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	585	300	290	320	155	170	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	430	220	210
None	420	205	210	250	115	135	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	325	175	155
English	35	20	15	20	10	10	131,630	67,290	64,340	45	20	20
French	40	20	15	20	10	10	126,780	62,180	64,600	20	10	10
Non-official language	55	25	35	10	5	5	144,335	69,210	75,130	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	35	10	5	5	144,155	69,135	75,015	20	10	10
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0	34,410	17,320	17,090	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	5	0	38,875	19,700	19,180	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	10	5	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	575	265	315	360	160	195	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	430	230	195
Official languages	560	260	300	360	160	195	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	430	230	195
English	530	245	285	325	145	180	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	405	220	185
French	425	200	235	315	140	180	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	380	200	180
Non-official languages	320	150	165	145	60	85	971,455	471,755	499,700	125	55	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	320	150	165	145	60	85	970,710	471,495	499,220	125	55	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	25	10	0	10	217,295	113,605	103,690	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	25	10	0	10	205,120	107,210	97,905	35	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10	16,440	8,520	7,920	35	15	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	80	80	105	45	65	514,485	250,190	264,295	95	55	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	15	10	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	25	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	0	10	10	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	25	20	0
German	15	10	0	10	10	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	25	20	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	85	35	50	324,695	154,360	170,340	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	65	25	40	10	10	0	107,285	51,300	55,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	15	80	30	50	193,835	91,345	102,490	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0	0	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	25	0	0	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0	0	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	575	265	310	355	160	195	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	430	230	200
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	570	255	310	355	160	195	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	430	230	200
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	575	265	310	355	160	195	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	430	230	200
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	575	265	310	355	160	195	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	430	230	200
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	70	...	...	360,125	...	...	125	...	...
Renter	180	...	...	80	...	...	550,240	...	...	30	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	25	...	...	192,985	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	225	...	...	125	...	...	717,375	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...	20	...	...	267,715	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	120	...	...	50	...	...	303,875	...	...	10	...	...
3 bedrooms	90	...	...	55	...	...	220,945	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15	...	...	20	...	...	98,090	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	175	...	...	45	...	...	501,570	...	...	15	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	15	...	...	166,230	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	40	...	...	78,495	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	35	...	...	58,850	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	20	...	...	20	...	...	105,210	...	...	110	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...	5.7	...	...	4.7	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
One person or fewer per room	290	...	...	145	...	...	881,730	...	...	150	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Suitable	280	...	...	145	...	...	834,885	...	...	150	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	0	...	...	75,475	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
1960 or before	100	...	...	115	...	...	325,005	...	...	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	105	...	...	25	...	...	282,605	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	0	...	...	101,185	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	0	...	...	63,765	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	65	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	275	...	...	120	...	...	833,540	...	...	145	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	30	...	...	76,815	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
One-maintainer household	180	...	...	65	...	...	543,605	...	...	75	...	...
Two-maintainer household	110	...	...	75	...	...	333,140	...	...	65	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	100	...	...	45	...	...	162,375	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	30	...	...	171,535	...	...	25	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	20	...	...	155,520	...	...	30	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	30	...	...	156,865	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	25	...	...	122,825	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	0	...	...	70,345	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	300	...	...	150	...	...	902,485	...	...	145	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	115	...	...	686,075	...	...	125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	35	...	...	216,410	...	...	20	...	...
30% to less than 100%	65	...	...	25	...	...	189,795	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	305	...	...	150	...	...	910,360	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	65	...	...	330,635	...	...	30	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	30	...	...	186,350	...	...	25	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	0	...	...	56,480	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	30	...	...	50,745	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	185	...	...	80	...	...	579,720	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	300	...	...	145	...	...	875,865	...	...	145	...	...
In core need	20	...	...	0	...	...	87,945	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	280	...	...	140	...	...	787,925	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	120	...	...	65	...	...	360,120	...	...	120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.8	...	...	92.3	...	...	60.0	...	...	50.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.2	...	...	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,620	...	...	1,560	...	...	1,370	...	...	2,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,560	...	...	1,750	...	...	1,572	...	...	3,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	552,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	2,000,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	550,000	...	...	580,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	2,280,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	180	...	...	80	...	...	550,235	...	...	25	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.4	...	...	31.3	...	...	28.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	1,070	...	...	890	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	1,280	...	...	987	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	575	260	315	355	160	200	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	430	230	200
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	10	10	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	10	10	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	570	255	310	350	155	200	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	420	230	185
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	580	265	315	355	160	200	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	425	230	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	450	195	255	290	130	160	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	415	225	190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	55	20	35	40	15	30	322,965	164,980	157,985	140	80	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	400	175	225	250	115	130	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	280	150	130
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	70	60	65	30	35	313,410	160,530	152,885	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	580	265	315	355	160	200	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	425	230	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	310	130	180	230	105	125	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	360	195	170
Immigrants⁸¹	210	90	115	100	40	60	652,730	313,955	338,770	65	40	30
Before 1980	20	0	15	25	10	15	108,265	50,530	57,735	20	20	0
1980 to 1990	15	0	10	10	10	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	35	25	10	15	0	15	106,810	50,520	56,290	20	10	15
2001 to 2010	75	40	40	10	0	0	154,780	74,520	80,255	15	15	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	20	40	40	15	25	213,175	104,225	108,950	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	15	0	15	0	0	0	99,070	48,005	51,065	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	45	20	25	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	40	20	20	15	10	138,240	75,380	62,860	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	210	95	115	100	40	60	652,725	313,955	338,770	65	40	30
Under 5 years	10	10	0	10	0	10	52,990	26,810	26,180	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	45	20	25	40	15	25	103,285	51,965	51,320	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	55	20	35	10	10	0	118,475	53,035	65,440	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	80	35	40	40	15	30	326,320	158,620	167,700	45	25	20
45 years and over	20	10	10	0	0	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	210	95	115	100	40	60	652,725	313,955	338,770	65	40	30
Americas	20	15	10	45	20	20	137,955	63,465	74,485	20	10	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	10	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	0	0	0
Europe	30	10	20	35	0	30	158,795	76,610	82,190	25	25	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20	0	20	42,245	22,305	19,935	15	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	15	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	20	10	10	0	152,205	77,515	74,690	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	0	0	0
Asia	110	45	65	10	0	10	202,715	95,775	106,935	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	15	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	20	30	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	30	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	575	265	310	360	160	195	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	430	230	200
First generation¹⁰⁰	270	135	135	130	55	70	813,905	400,325	413,580	80	40	35
Second generation¹⁰¹	160	70	95	90	40	50	424,225	212,755	211,475	125	65	55
Third generation or more¹⁰²	145	60	85	140	65	75	721,230	352,590	368,630	225	120	105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	190	85	100	75	30	50	544,455	263,425	281,040	45	20	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	125	45	80	55	25	30	303,105	155,090	148,020	20	10	10
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	15	25	10	0	10	151,015	87,200	63,815	20	10	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	20	55	45	25	25	152,090	67,890	84,205	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	35	30	10	10	0	10	146,645	59,645	87,000	20	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	190	85	100	75	30	50	544,455	263,425	281,040	45	20	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	0	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	20	25	10	0	10	56,685	26,490	30,195	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	15	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	115	55	60	55	25	30	387,815	184,015	203,795	25	10	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	575	265	310	355	160	195	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	430	230	200
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	290	140	150	110	40	65	737,510	363,785	373,725	25	15	10
South Asian	45	25	15	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	0	0	0
Chinese	45	20	25	0	0	0	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0
Black	55	25	20	40	15	20	208,805	101,125	107,680	0	0	0
Filipino	20	0	20	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	35	20	20	10	10	0	151,890	79,375	72,515	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0	0	0	82,550	40,580	41,970	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	20	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	45	20	30	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	285	120	165	250	120	130	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	405	215	190
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	580	265	315	360	165	195	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	425	230	195
Canadian	75	25	55	20	15	10	241,015	115,880	125,135	100	60	45
English	55	25	30	75	35	40	59,710	30,025	29,685	0	0	0
Irish	35	20	15	80	40	45	102,325	48,885	53,440	20	10	15
Scottish	15	0	15	40	20	20	61,620	29,560	32,065	10	0	10
French, n.o.s.¹²²	65	30	35	50	20	30	336,880	169,710	167,170	185	85	95
German	30	20	10	20	10	10	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0
Chinese	40	20	25	10	0	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0
Italian	130	45	85	35	20	20	156,025	76,485	79,535	15	15	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	10	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	15	0	10	33,540	16,340	17,200	15	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	0	108,910	54,650	54,260	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	10	0	25	20	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	30	0	30	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	15	0	10	20	10	10	66,400	31,740	34,655	20	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	15	0	10	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	15	15	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	25	20	10
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	30	15	10	35,410	17,485	17,930	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	40	25	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	0	20	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	10	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	575	265	310	355	160	195	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	430	230	200
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	280	105	170	165	75	95	969,945	451,410	518,540	215	120	100
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	35	10	30	35	15	20	116,635	55,545	61,090	20	15	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	20	15	0	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0
Catholic	190	85	105	90	45	45	675,695	314,690	361,010	180	90	85
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	15	0	0	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	10	0	10	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	15	0	10	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0
Hindu	35	25	10	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	10	0	10	73,900	36,055	37,840	75	50	30
Muslim	55	25	30	0	0	0	233,440	121,145	112,290	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	180	95	85	175	85	85	590,140	310,985	279,165	130	65	65
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	565	260	310	350	160	195	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	420	225	195
Non-movers	495	225	275	290	135	155	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	405	215	190
Movers	70	35	35	65	25	40	255,365	129,500	125,865	20	15	0
Non-migrants	60	30	30	25	10	20	186,805	94,745	92,055	10	10	0
Migrants	10	0	0	35	20	20	68,560	34,750	33,810	0	0	0
Internal migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	565	260	300	335	155	190	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	420	220	200
Non-movers	295	115	180	155	65	90	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	325	180	145
Movers	270	145	120	185	85	95	821,475	413,250	408,230	90	40	50
Non-migrants	165	100	70	85	30	55	433,700	216,030	217,670	60	15	40
Migrants	100	50	50	100	55	50	387,770	197,215	190,560	30	20	10
Internal migrants	50	20	35	45	30	20	190,035	93,955	96,075	10	10	0
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	25	40	25	15	159,710	78,770	80,940	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	50	35	15	55	25	30	197,735	103,260	94,485	25	15	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	520	240	275	280	130	150	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	330	170	160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	20	45	0	0	0	274,820	136,500	138,320	25	20	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	455	220	235	280	125	150	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	300	145	150
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	395	205	195	230	120	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	195	100	95
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25	10	15	0	0	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	375	195	180	225	115	110	975,700	481,690	494,005	190	100	95
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	515	240	280	280	135	150	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	170	155
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	15	45	0	0	0	247,460	120,840	126,625	25	20	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	120	65	55	60	30	25	319,755	162,520	157,240	45	20	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	340	165	180	220	100	120	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	255	130	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	70	60	70	35	30	473,060	232,855	240,210	60	15	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	0	20	10	10	146,170	81,740	64,425	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	15	0	10	106,110	54,025	52,085	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	0	0	0	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	95	45	50	45	20	25	260,845	122,345	138,495	35	0	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	0	0	0	66,045	28,760	37,285	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	205	90	115	150	60	90	609,855	291,355	318,505	195	115	80
Bachelor's degree	135	45	90	95	40	50	344,605	160,320	184,285	65	50	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	25	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	60	25	35
Master's degree	50	25	25	45	15	30	159,510	78,325	81,190	45	30	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	400	205	190	230	120	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	195	100	95
No certificate, diploma or degree	20	0	10	0	0	0	102,815	55,805	47,015	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	80	45	30	45	30	15	162,205	88,420	73,785	15	0	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	305	150	150	185	85	95	831,975	403,420	428,555	170	90	80
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	70	45	60	40	25	333,160	167,260	165,895	35	10	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	25	10	10	110,390	60,690	49,700	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10	10	0	15	0	10	81,090	40,585	40,505	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	10	0	0	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	80	50	35	40	20	15	174,185	84,745	89,445	20	0	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	0	0	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	190	85	100	120	50	65	498,815	236,155	262,665	130	80	50
Bachelor's degree	120	45	80	75	35	40	276,640	128,890	147,745	60	45	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	45	10	35
Master's degree	55	25	25	40	15	25	137,150	66,720	70,430	25	20	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	515	240	275	285	135	150	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	325	170	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	180	80	100	65	35	30	567,220	283,355	283,860	75	40	35
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	56,030	12,985	43,045	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	15	50	20	30	69,210	32,705	36,505	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	50	20	30	61,135	27,085	34,045	10	0	10
Humanities	45	10	35	30	15	15	78,920	30,815	48,110	15	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	20	35	50	20	30	157,220	58,185	99,040	55	25	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	25	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	10	0	10	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	15	0	20	10	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	25	0	20
Business, management and public administration	80	30	50	25	10	10	248,895	110,950	137,945	60	45	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	30	40	20	10	0	237,125	108,040	129,090	60	45	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	15	10	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	0	0	0	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	0	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	30	20	0	25	20	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	35	30	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	30	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	0	0	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	25	0	20	122,295	30,795	91,495	80	25	50
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	15	25	0	20	109,185	24,140	85,045	40	15	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	30	10	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	0	0	0	42,230	22,590	19,640	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	395	200	195	230	120	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	195	105	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	95	55	45	45	35	15	265,025	144,230	120,800	25	10	15
Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	15	0	0	0	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	15	35	15	20	54,840	26,500	28,340	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	35	15	20	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	45	10	35	25	10	15	52,565	20,765	31,805	10	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	20	25	35	20	20	121,985	44,105	77,880	25	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	15	0	15	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	15	0	15
Business, management and public administration	75	30	45	25	10	10	199,525	87,920	111,600	50	35	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	30	30	20	10	10	190,410	85,600	104,810	50	35	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	10	10	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	0	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25	20	0	20	20	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	30	30	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10	0	10	20	0	15	92,595	23,265	69,330	45	15	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10	0	10	20	0	15	82,410	18,370	64,045	25	10	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	20	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,910	17,695	15,220	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	395	200	195	230	120	110	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	195	105	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	55	45	45	35	15	265,025	144,230	120,800	25	10	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	300	155	150	185	90	95	831,975	403,415	428,560	170	95	80
Location of study inside Canada	225	110	115	135	65	65	598,455	286,340	312,115	140	65	70
Same as province or territory of residence	220	110	110	120	60	60	566,540	270,160	296,380	125	60	70
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	15	10	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	40	35	45	20	30	233,520	117,075	116,445	30	25	0
Americas	0	0	0	15	0	10	41,560	21,015	20,550	15	15	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	25	15	0	30	15	15	74,705	39,515	35,190	15	15	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20	10	15	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0
Asia	35	10	25	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	515	240	280	280	135	150	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	325	170	155
In the labour force	415	210	205	245	125	115	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	225	120	100
Employed	385	190	190	215	105	100	971,245	502,885	468,360	210	120	85
Unemployed	30	15	15	30	15	15	110,395	58,460	51,935	10	0	10
Not in the labour force	100	25	70	40	10	35	568,495	246,215	322,280	105	45	55
Participation rate	80.6	87.5	73.2	87.5	92.6	76.7	65.5	69.5	61.8	69.2	70.6	64.5
Employment rate	74.8	79.2	67.9	76.8	77.8	66.7	58.9	62.3	55.6	64.6	70.6	54.8
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.1	7.3	12.2	12.0	13.0	10.2	10.4	10.0	4.4	0.0	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	515	240	275	285	135	150	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	325	170	155
Did not work¹⁸⁶	115	50	70	55	10	45	582,470	253,075	329,400	120	60	55
Worked	400	190	215	225	120	105	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	205	110	95
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	190	90	100	100	45	55	529,400	287,950	241,450	105	65	40
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	210	105	105	135	85	50	538,265	266,540	271,725	95	40	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.2	40.4	38.6	38.0	39.6	39.7	40.2	39.3	45.2	48.8	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	415	210	210	245	125	115	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	220	120	105
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	410	205	210	235	120	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	220	120	105
Employee	375	180	190	185	95	90	907,745	457,830	449,915	135	65	70
Permanent position	285	120	160	160	90	70	741,830	380,445	361,385	120	55	60
Temporary position	95	60	30	25	10	15	165,915	77,385	88,530	20	0	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	35	30	0	10	0	10	69,690	31,285	38,405	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	55	30	25	15	10	0	96,225	46,100	50,120	10	0	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	40	25	15	45	30	20	142,380	88,145	54,230	85	55	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	415	210	210	245	125	115	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	220	120	105
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	410	205	210	235	120	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	220	120	105
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	10	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	20	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	20	50	50	30	25	207,660	79,975	127,685	35	15	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	30	10	20	0	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	25	15	10
3 Health occupations	30	15	20	10	0	10	85,545	21,700	63,845	40	20	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	20	40	35	10	25	140,500	46,385	94,115	30	15	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	10	20	50	25	30	61,790	31,615	30,175	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	110	60	55	55	45	15	263,055	135,300	127,750	25	20	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	40	0	0	0	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	10	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	10	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	415	210	210	245	125	115	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	220	120	105
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,515	15,365	16,150	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	410	205	210	235	120	110	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	220	120	105
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	10	0	0	0	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	45	30	20	10	10	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	45	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	50	25	25	15	15	0	111,555	56,180	55,375	25	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	0	0	0	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	30	15	10	43,110	26,250	16,865	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	0	0	0	53,430	27,205	26,225	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	10	25	50	20	35	130,405	75,750	54,655	25	20	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	25	15	10	10	0	49,530	29,800	19,735	0	0	0
61 Educational services	50	30	25	30	10	25	95,290	34,510	60,780	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	40	25	0	25	142,545	36,095	106,450	55	20	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	15	15	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	0	20	10	10	59,510	32,125	27,380	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	0	0	0
91 Public administration	25	15	15	0	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	425	210	220	235	120	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	125	115
English	150	95	60	80	40	40	201,310	110,165	91,150	40	0	25
French	45	15	30	45	20	25	416,430	206,170	210,265	70	30	45
Non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	210	90	125	105	60	50	473,485	249,700	223,785	110	80	30
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,645	14,450	14,195	15	0	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	425	210	220	235	120	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	125	115
Single responses	350	175	175	210	105	100	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	210	105	110
Official languages	345	165	175	200	105	100	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	210	105	110
English	225	115	110	135	70	60	361,715	194,885	166,835	90	55	35
French	120	50	70	65	35	30	645,885	327,180	318,705	120	55	70
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	35	45	30	20	10	126,180	65,940	60,240	25	20	0
English and French	70	35	35	30	20	10	116,535	60,925	55,605	25	20	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	425	210	220	235	120	115	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	235	125	115
None	285	150	130	155	70	80	743,180	381,875	361,305	125	50	75
English	80	35	40	25	15	10	219,885	116,455	103,430	35	20	15
French	65	20	50	55	35	25	149,470	78,495	70,975	55	45	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	385	190	190	215	110	100	971,245	502,885	468,360	210	120	90
Worked at home	120	55	60	75	30	40	298,820	151,335	147,485	85	50	35
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	25	0	30	15	15	89,120	62,795	26,325	10	0	0
Usual place of work	235	100	135	110	65	45	580,035	286,695	293,340	115	60	55
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	235	100	135	110	60	45	580,035	286,695	293,340	115	60	55
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	190	75	120	90	50	40	427,475	202,010	225,465	70	35	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	30	10	15	10	0	91,735	47,670	44,070	20	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	20	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	260	130	130	135	75	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	120	65	55
Car, truck or van	110	60	45	50	35	20	395,615	229,315	166,300	95	60	35
Car, truck or van - as a driver	85	50	35	50	35	20	365,770	218,475	147,295	85	60	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	25	10	10	0	0	0	29,845	10,845	19,005	10	0	10
Public transit	95	35	65	40	20	20	177,860	74,605	103,260	15	0	0
Walked	35	20	10	20	15	10	61,160	26,300	34,860	0	0	0
Bicycle	20	10	10	15	0	10	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	260	130	130	135	75	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	120	65	55
Less than 15 minutes	35	15	15	25	20	0	125,240	61,185	64,055	20	10	15
15 to 29 minutes	135	80	55	45	25	20	241,005	129,590	111,420	50	35	20
30 to 44 minutes	45	20	25	45	15	30	176,925	96,710	80,215	40	20	20
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	10	25	15	0	67,635	33,110	34,530	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	30	0	30	0	0	0	58,350	28,905	29,445	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	260	130	130	135	75	60	669,150	349,485	319,665	120	65	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	0	0	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	35	15	20	0	0	0	95,270	56,280	38,990	10	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	35	30	15	0	10	166,695	79,410	87,280	40	20	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	15	30	35	0	30	149,185	68,865	80,320	50	25	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	35	25	45	30	10	106,855	50,615	56,240	20	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	20	30	40	30	10	112,350	65,830	46,520	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	75	35	40	60	35	30	371,310	189,920	181,390	110	65	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	30	15	15	109,065	56,315	52,750	30	20	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	20	35	15	15	262,245	133,605	128,640	80	45	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	60	25	30	40	20	25	264,905	135,505	129,395	95	55	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	20	25	10	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	20	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	20	10	10	67,535	34,945	32,590	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	0	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	15	15	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	15	15	20	10	10	182,020	92,755	89,270	70	40	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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