Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662070More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24662926More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660784More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	888	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	545	...	...	507	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	451	...	...	976,966	...	...	274	...	...	175	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	435	...	...	910,359	...	...	271	...	...	166	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,598.8	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	11,473.7	...	...	3,442.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.07	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.05	...	...	0.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	890	410	480	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	545	260	285	505	260	245
0 to 14 years	140	70	70	309,765	158,545	151,225	95	50	45	100	55	45
0 to 4 years	35	20	15	99,195	50,760	48,435	30	15	15	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	55	25	25	106,985	54,660	52,320	35	15	20	30	15	15
10 to 14 years	50	25	30	103,590	53,120	50,470	35	20	10	45	25	15
15 to 64 years	585	275	310	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	355	170	180	315	155	160
15 to 19 years	40	15	30	97,525	49,340	48,180	25	15	10	35	20	15
20 to 24 years	50	20	30	140,025	70,895	69,125	25	10	15	50	30	25
25 to 29 years	70	35	40	165,525	83,630	81,895	35	20	15	20	10	5
30 to 34 years	65	25	35	157,725	78,995	78,730	40	15	20	15	10	10
35 to 39 years	95	45	50	149,265	74,115	75,155	35	15	20	25	5	15
40 to 44 years	65	35	30	142,365	70,920	71,445	60	20	35	30	15	10
45 to 49 years	65	20	45	125,505	62,690	62,815	25	10	15	35	15	20
50 to 54 years	40	20	20	121,710	61,735	59,975	35	15	15	35	15	20
55 to 59 years	45	25	25	125,465	63,810	61,655	40	20	15	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	50	25	25	118,065	57,920	60,140	40	20	20	35	20	15
65 years and over	160	65	100	351,325	151,210	200,120	95	35	60	90	45	40
65 to 69 years	50	20	30	99,325	46,730	52,595	30	15	20	25	15	15
70 to 74 years	55	25	35	86,030	39,185	46,845	30	15	15	20	10	10
75 to 79 years	40	15	20	63,215	27,320	35,895	25	10	15	10	5	10
80 to 84 years	15	5	10	46,875	18,960	27,915	10	5	5	15	10	10
85 years and over	5	0	5	55,885	19,015	36,870	5	0	5	10	10	0
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	33,210	12,200	21,010	5	0	5	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	17,780	5,610	12,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0	5	5	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	17.1	14.6	15.5	16.1	14.8	17.4	19.2	15.8	19.8	21.2	18.4
15 to 64 years	65.7	67.1	64.6	67.0	68.5	65.6	65.1	65.4	63.2	62.4	59.6	65.3
65 years and over	18.0	15.9	20.8	17.5	15.4	19.6	17.4	13.5	21.1	17.8	17.3	16.3
85 years and over	0.6	0.0	1.0	2.8	1.9	3.6	0.9	0.0	1.8	2.0	3.8	0.0
Average age of the population	40.7	39.6	41.7	41.0	39.8	42.1	41.4	39.4	43.2	40.3	39.8	40.8
Median age of the population	39.2	38.8	39.6	39.6	38.4	40.4	42.0	40.0	42.8	41.2	40.8	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	170	...	...
Single-detached house	5	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...	100	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	32,530	...	...	0	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	110,440	...	...	0	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	335	...	...	479,885	...	...	275	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
1 person	185	...	...	367,400	...	...	100	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	145	...	...	271,730	...	...	105	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	118,205	...	...	35	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	98,205	...	...	25	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	54,820	...	...	10	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	880	410	475	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	545	260	285	510	260	250
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	745	335	410	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	450	210	240	405	200	200
Married or living common-law	395	200	195	822,440	414,330	408,115	215	105	110	255	125	130
Married	160	80	75	577,060	289,455	287,600	110	55	55	235	115	120
Living common-law	240	120	120	245,385	124,870	120,510	105	55	50	20	5	5
Living common law - Never married	195	95	100	207,040	104,785	102,250	80	35	40	5	5	5
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	40	15	20	32,295	16,915	15,380	25	15	10	5	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	350	135	215	872,060	410,935	461,125	235	100	130	155	80	75
Not married and not living common law - Never married	240	105	140	627,845	333,150	294,700	155	75	85	125	65	55
Not married and not living common law - Separated	20	5	15	34,795	14,820	19,975	10	5	5	5	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	70	20	45	126,605	46,380	80,225	40	15	25	20	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	20	0	20	82,815	16,590	66,225	25	5	25	5	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	235	...	...	495,445	...	...	155	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	251,075	...	...	95	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	107,265	...	...	30	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	93,300	...	...	20	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	43,810	...	...	5	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...	495,445	...	...	160	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	195	...	...	395,645	...	...	105	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	75	...	...	273,070	...	...	55	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	162,745	...	...	20	...	...	85	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	110,325	...	...	30	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	120	...	...	122,570	...	...	55	...	...	5	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	44,875	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Without children	80	...	...	77,700	...	...	40	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	40	...	...	99,805	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	30	...	...	80,530	...	...	45	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	10	...	...	19,275	...	...	5	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	880	410	475	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	545	260	285	510	260	250
Total - Persons in census families	640	315	330	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	415	205	215	460	235	225
Married spouses or common-law partners	390	195	195	791,280	398,495	392,785	210	110	110	245	120	120
Parents in one-parent families	35	5	30	99,805	19,275	80,525	55	10	40	10	5	10
Children⁶	215	105	105	541,905	284,935	256,965	150	85	65	200	110	90
In a two-parent family	150	75	75	392,250	205,155	187,095	75	45	30	175	95	80
In a one-parent family	65	35	30	149,655	79,785	69,865	80	40	35	25	15	10
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	245	95	150	526,370	262,915	263,450	130	60	75	45	25	20
Living alone	180	60	120	367,395	175,660	191,740	100	45	60	25	10	10
Living with other relatives⁷	15	5	10	49,280	22,020	27,255	10	5	10	0	0	5
Living with non-relatives only	45	25	15	109,690	65,235	44,455	15	10	10	15	10	5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	220	...	...	455,970	...	...	155	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	190	...	...	370,250	...	...	105	...	...	115	...	...
With children⁶	75	...	...	194,165	...	...	35	...	...	75	...	...
Without children	110	...	...	176,085	...	...	65	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	35	...	...	85,720	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	13,270	...	...	0	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	20	...	...	55,210	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
One-person households	185	...	...	367,395	...	...	100	...	...	25	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	745	330	405	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	450	205	240	405	205	200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	330	395	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	440	205	230	400	200	200
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	46,000	38,400	37,600	39,600	36,000	40,000	40,800	38,400	53,600	77,000	46,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	725	330	395	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	440	205	230	400	200	200
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,800	34,400	34,000	35,200	32,800	35,200	36,000	34,800	46,000	61,600	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	660	295	365	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	395	180	215	380	185	190
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,000	29,400	31,000	35,200	27,000	32,800	38,800	26,800	48,400	86,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	260	280	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	325	155	165	295	145	145
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	37,600	32,800	36,000	29,600	35,200	38,800	31,200	45,600	73,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	590	240	345	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	375	170	205	295	130	165
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	10,500	12,600	10,800	9,600	12,000	11,800	9,100	13,000	8,500	9,100	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	90	45	50	171,705	84,570	87,145	55	35	25	25	15	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,800	5,520	5,480	5,680	4,920	5,040	4,320	6,360	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	210	100	110	529,640	276,110	253,530	130	70	60	140	75	70
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	6,500	6,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	690	295	390	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	490	235	260	395	200	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	675	295	380	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	480	230	255	390	195	195
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,900	64,000	51,200	53,250	60,050	46,760	43,400	47,600	39,600	105,600	128,000	83,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	675	295	380	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	480	230	255	390	195	195
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,500	49,600	42,400	42,520	46,280	38,960	37,400	40,800	34,400	76,800	90,000	64,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615	260	350	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	405	190	220	365	175	195
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	64,500	44,000	48,960	57,350	40,640	39,600	48,000	32,400	101,600	133,000	73,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	535	235	295	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	345	170	170	255	130	120
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,000	66,500	47,600	48,760	55,650	41,480	39,800	43,200	36,400	96,000	138,000	54,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	185	335	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	395	180	210	315	140	170
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,520	9,800	12,480	12,040	10,900	13,040	12,280	10,600	13,800	11,800	11,400	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70	15	50	171,360	84,435	86,925	55	35	25	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	10,000	7,000	6,840	6,065	7,590	7,600	5,600	10,000	...	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	155	60	95	528,305	276,300	252,005	130	75	55	145	75	70
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,800	10,000	9,110	9,140	9,070	7,600	7,200	8,000	7,900	7,000	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	685	295	390	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	495	230	260	395	200	195
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	275	135	140	514,340	278,505	235,830	195	100	95	120	65	50
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	86,000	66,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	57,200	57,200	59,200	109,000	114,000	79,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,500	82,000	66,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	54,000	55,000	53,000	136,000	180,000	80,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	220	80	140	504,455	247,565	256,895	115	55	65	90	35	50
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	18,400	20,400	16,400	17,400	15,500	20,600	25,800	16,600	12,500	18,400	12,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,400	57,000	33,500	26,920	29,400	24,520	23,200	28,000	19,500	31,200	34,000	30,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	90.0	79.0	81.2	85.6	75.6	77.0	82.0	71.0	91.0	94.0	88.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.0	84.0	72.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	65.5	68.0	63.0	59.0	70.0	42.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.5	9.6	21.2	18.9	14.4	24.4	23.0	17.6	29.2	9.0	6.6	12.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.8	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.0	1.8	2.4	x	x	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.1	5.9	6.4	5.9	7.0	5.6	5.5	5.7	2.9	2.2	4.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	2.8	5.0	5.7	5.4	6.0	4.6	4.8	4.4	2.7	2.0	3.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	740	335	410	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	450	210	240	405	200	200
Without total income	20	0	15	65,020	32,205	32,820	10	0	5	5	0	0
With total income	725	330	395	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	440	205	235	405	200	200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	138,250	65,670	72,580	30	15	10	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	45	200,450	93,060	107,390	45	15	25	35	15	25
$20,000 to $29,999	125	55	70	286,825	131,235	155,595	75	30	40	45	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	90	30	60	215,455	102,705	112,755	75	35	45	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	45	181,505	86,460	95,040	70	35	30	30	10	15
$50,000 to $59,999	70	35	30	138,185	64,805	73,380	60	25	35	25	5	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	10	25	100,060	48,510	51,550	35	15	15	5	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	20	74,165	37,625	36,540	30	15	15	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	15	58,400	30,060	28,335	15	5	10	10	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	42,240	22,360	19,875	5	0	0	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	95	55	35	149,555	92,680	56,875	10	5	0	130	90	45
$100,000 to $149,999	60	40	25	90,980	53,275	37,705	10	5	0	50	35	20
$150,000 and over	35	20	10	58,575	39,405	19,170	0	0	0	75	55	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	740	335	410	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	450	210	240	405	200	200
Without after-tax income	20	0	15	64,605	32,005	32,605	10	0	5	5	0	0
With after-tax income	725	330	395	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	440	205	235	405	200	200
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	25	25	144,275	67,955	76,320	30	15	15	55	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	85	35	50	210,975	98,495	112,480	45	20	25	40	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	150	65	85	334,395	155,845	178,545	85	30	50	55	35	25
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	60	257,145	124,835	132,315	105	55	55	30	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	100	50	45	204,980	97,805	107,175	75	35	45	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	60	25	35	139,760	67,315	72,450	45	25	20	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	65	25	45	93,705	46,700	47,005	30	15	15	20	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	15	5	10	20	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	10	38,975	21,640	17,335	0	0	0	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	40	25	20	73,695	48,025	25,665	5	0	0	100	65	30
$100,000 to $124,999	25	15	15	33,165	20,265	12,905	5	0	0	30	20	15
$125,000 and over	15	10	5	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0	65	45	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	740	335	410	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	450	210	240	405	200	200
Without employment income	200	75	130	495,060	212,405	282,660	120	50	70	110	55	55
With employment income	540	260	285	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	325	160	170	295	150	150
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	30	45	167,560	82,405	85,155	35	15	20	40	10	30
$5,000 to $9,999	45	25	25	111,575	52,975	58,595	30	20	15	30	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	30	151,350	72,815	78,530	35	10	25	35	15	20
$20,000 to $29,999	40	10	25	116,030	56,295	59,730	35	15	20	20	10	10
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	108,120	55,225	52,890	55	20	30	15	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	104,250	51,950	52,300	35	15	20	10	0	15
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	84,485	42,940	41,540	40	20	15	20	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	15	66,190	35,045	31,145	20	15	10	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	30	10	15	52,585	28,500	24,080	25	10	10	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	20	46,000	24,150	21,850	5	0	0	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	5	10	31,345	18,120	13,230	0	0	0	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	80	55	25	115,575	74,545	41,030	10	5	0	85	60	25
$100,000 to $124,999	40	25	10	47,525	28,870	18,655	0	0	0	25	15	15
$125,000 and over	40	30	15	68,050	45,675	22,375	0	0	0	60	50	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	745	330	405	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	450	205	240	405	205	200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	705	320	390	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	430	195	230	385	190	190
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,800	36,400	34,000	36,400	31,800	37,600	40,000	33,600	55,200	79,000	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	705	320	390	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	430	195	230	385	195	190
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	33,200	31,000	32,800	29,400	33,600	34,800	31,600	45,600	64,500	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	655	295	360	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	380	180	205	370	185	185
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	31,000	32,000	36,000	28,200	34,400	37,200	30,400	50,800	76,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	550	260	290	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	315	160	155	305	160	150
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,000	35,600	33,600	36,800	30,400	37,200	37,600	35,200	43,600	68,500	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	525	220	310	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	355	160	195	270	115	150
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,720	2,660	8,200	4,440	2,760	7,300	7,850	4,640	10,300	3,200	2,020	4,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	60	30	30	114,940	56,080	58,855	45	30	20	15	5	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,920	3,480	4,080	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,360	4,360	x	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	690	295	390	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	490	235	260	395	200	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	650	280	370	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	480	225	260	380	190	195
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,100	62,000	46,400	50,000	57,050	43,280	38,400	42,400	34,800	99,600	126,000	74,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	650	280	370	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	480	225	260	380	190	195
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,000	48,000	39,200	39,800	43,800	35,920	33,200	36,400	30,400	72,000	89,000	56,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	255	340	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	410	200	205	375	190	190
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,400	63,600	42,200	49,080	57,750	40,560	36,600	41,200	32,000	94,800	121,000	69,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	525	230	295	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	350	190	165	290	155	130
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	64,000	45,200	48,720	55,750	41,240	37,800	38,800	36,800	81,000	110,000	48,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	465	170	295	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	385	175	205	295	125	170
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,520	6,850	9,500	8,250	6,740	9,510	9,080	7,150	10,700	7,700	7,900	7,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60	20	45	114,595	55,675	58,915	50	40	15	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	4,000	9,200	7,510	5,990	8,940	3,500	3,000	5,000	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	685	295	390	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	495	230	260	395	200	195
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	265	125	140	507,645	274,575	233,070	195	100	95	120	65	50
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,500	80,000	47,200	54,400	58,400	50,400	42,800	45,200	41,200	95,000	112,000	79,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,000	79,000	56,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	47,600	49,000	46,000	126,000	170,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	205	75	130	462,020	227,495	234,530	120	60	60	90	40	55
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	39,200	24,600	21,800	23,200	20,400	22,600	22,800	17,600	15,900	15,900	15,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,400	60,000	35,500	32,320	35,520	29,240	26,400	27,000	26,000	38,000	44,000	34,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	94.0	84.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	81.0	86.0	75.0	94.0	96.0	92.0
Employment income (%)	81.0	86.0	78.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	72.0	76.0	67.0	62.0	74.0	44.0
Government transfers (%)	11.5	6.8	16.4	12.8	8.6	18.2	18.8	13.0	25.2	6.0	4.2	9.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.5	2.2	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.0	1.2	0.8	x	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,000	...	...	61,200	...	...	206,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	185	...	...	367,395	...	...	100	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	38,000	...	...	43,200	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	39,200	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	255	...	...	542,960	...	...	170	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	222,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	405	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...	92,700	...	...	77,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	74,100	...	...	66,000	...	...	182,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	367,255	...	...	70	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	49,760	...	...	44,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	40,640	...	...	39,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	543,100	...	...	200	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	88,000	...	...	292,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	76,000	...	...	212,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	25,730	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	57,720	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	41,160	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	40,595	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	41,545	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	42,630	...	...	20	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	40,980	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	75,485	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	67,695	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	60,495	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	54,055	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,830	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	140	...	...	270,265	...	...	50	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	85,635	...	...	25	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	56,205	...	...	15	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	35	...	...	62,095	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	66,335	...	...	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	17,965	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	27,485	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	63,030	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	49,660	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	48,815	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	51,055	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	50,890	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	47,120	...	...	30	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	85,490	...	...	30	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	75,625	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	65,530	...	...	35	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	54,850	...	...	20	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	45,065	...	...	10	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	197,490	...	...	25	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	78,870	...	...	20	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	45,905	...	...	5	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	72,715	...	...	0	...	...	85	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	235	...	...	501,830	...	...	160	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	178,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	179,195	...	...	65	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	88,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	75,000	...	...	74,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	208,260	...	...	40	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	95,875	...	...	50	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	65,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	59,600	...	...	55,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	225	90	140	477,085	240,895	236,195	120	55	65	40	25	20
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	41,600	34,000	34,400	34,800	34,000	42,800	42,400	42,800	38,400	56,000	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	36,400	31,400	31,200	31,200	31,200	38,800	36,400	40,000	35,600	56,000	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	225	...	...	501,905	...	...	185	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	292,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	74,500	...	...	212,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	179,455	...	...	80	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	90,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	90	...	...	208,375	...	...	40	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	96,000	...	...	340,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	84,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	95,455	...	...	45	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	76,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	68,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	195	70	130	476,520	240,280	236,245	110	50	60	35	0	25
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	52,000	37,500	45,520	46,520	44,560	45,000	52,000	39,000	80,000	x	85,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	42,000	31,600	37,600	37,920	37,280	39,000	44,000	35,000	60,000	x	60,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	885	405	480	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	545	260	285	505	260	245
0 to 17 years	165	80	85	365,020	186,710	178,315	110	60	50	125	65	60
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	120,615	61,615	58,995	35	20	15	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	560	265	295	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	340	160	175	300	150	150
65 years and over	160	60	100	317,425	140,270	177,155	100	35	60	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	125	50	70	321,885	154,370	167,510	85	35	45	20	5	10
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	54,265	27,870	26,395	25	10	15	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	10	0	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	25	30	197,020	99,310	97,710	40	15	20	5	0	5
65 years and over	50	15	35	70,600	27,185	43,415	20	10	10	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	12.8	15.2	16.4	16.0	16.9	15.0	14.0	16.0	3.2	2.5	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	12.0	10.0	14.9	14.9	14.8	24.0	18.0	32.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	20.0	x	30.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	11.0	9.0	12.0	2.5	x	4.0
65 years and over (%)	31.0	24.0	36.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	20.0	28.0	18.0	10.0	8.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	885	405	475	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	545	260	285	510	260	250
0 to 17 years	170	80	85	365,025	186,705	178,315	110	60	50	125	65	55
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	120,610	61,615	58,995	30	15	15	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	555	260	295	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	340	165	180	295	145	150
65 years and over	160	65	95	317,425	140,265	177,155	95	40	55	85	50	40
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	30	35	213,720	108,905	104,815	40	20	20	15	5	10
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	29,585	15,165	14,425	20	5	10	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	0	5	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	40	20	20	153,385	81,765	71,620	20	5	10	10	0	10
65 years and over	15	0	15	30,745	11,975	18,775	5	5	0	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.2	7.6	10.9	11.3	10.6	7.4	7.0	7.2	2.4	x	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	6.0	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	16.0	12.0	20.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	7.6	7.2	12.0	12.8	11.2	6.0	6.0	6.0	2.5	x	5.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	6.0	12.0	9.7	8.5	10.6	4.0	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	885	405	475	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	545	260	285	505	260	245
In bottom half of the distribution	485	215	275	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	395	185	205	95	55	45
In bottom decile	105	45	60	298,540	147,890	150,655	65	30	35	20	5	10
In second decile	100	40	55	244,435	115,985	128,450	90	35	55	20	15	5
In third decile	120	50	70	240,895	116,550	124,345	90	40	50	20	15	5
In fourth decile	80	35	45	218,125	105,885	112,240	75	40	35	10	10	0
In fifth decile	75	40	35	194,765	95,185	99,580	75	35	35	25	10	10
In top half of the distribution	405	195	210	762,590	384,140	378,450	150	75	75	410	210	200
In sixth decile	105	45	60	172,200	85,100	87,095	60	30	30	30	15	20
In seventh decile	70	30	40	156,540	78,290	78,250	40	20	20	30	20	10
In eighth decile	70	35	30	144,120	72,600	71,525	20	10	5	50	20	30
In ninth decile	80	40	40	134,265	68,285	65,980	25	15	10	70	40	30
In top decile	80	40	40	155,465	79,870	75,595	0	0	0	230	120	110
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	885	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	545	...	...	510	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.353	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.254	...	...	0.404	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.486	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.394	...	...	0.454	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.303	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.223	...	...	0.342	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	4.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	885	410	480	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
English only	15	10	5	262,290	133,690	128,600	10	5	0	95	45	50
French only	315	135	180	486,845	221,005	265,840	315	135	180	10	5	10
English and French	550	265	290	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	210	115	100	395	205	190
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	5	5	0	5	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	885	410	480	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
English	50	25	30	605,220	303,380	301,835	30	15	10	360	185	175
French	790	355	435	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	490	230	265	90	50	45
English and French	40	25	15	173,785	88,480	85,300	15	10	5	55	30	25
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	5	5	0	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	885	410	480	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
Single responses	855	390	465	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	515	255	265	475	245	230
Official languages	695	315	380	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	425	210	225	340	170	170
English	25	10	15	322,315	162,085	160,230	15	10	5	265	135	130
French	665	305	365	870,975	428,435	442,540	415	195	215	75	40	40
Non-official languages	165	75	90	643,275	311,525	331,750	90	45	45	140	75	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	165	75	90	642,820	311,370	331,445	90	45	45	140	75	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	129,195	68,395	60,805	20	5	10	35	20	15
Berber languages	5	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	112,200	59,320	52,880	15	5	10	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	107,605	56,960	50,645	15	5	5	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,640	11,340	13,300	0	0	0	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	37,690	16,985	20,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,620	7,090	6,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10,370	5,155	5,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	40	55	329,415	158,980	170,435	70	40	25	70	40	30
Albanian	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	15	37,235	16,405	20,835	0	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	430	160	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	285	95	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	36,800	16,245	20,555	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	5	5	5	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	1,570	765	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	0	0	0	35	25	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0	10	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0	20	15	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dari	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	183,755	87,295	96,460	70	40	25	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	63,560	29,680	33,880	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	20	10	5	19,465	9,245	10,215	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	40	10	25	85,395	41,150	44,250	55	30	25	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	1,270	650	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	1,715	770	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0	20	10	15
Chinese languages	25	10	15	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0	20	5	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	10	143,450	71,980	71,470	25	10	20	30	15	15
English and French	10	5	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	5	0	5	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	20	5	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	885	410	480	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
English	25	10	15	340,470	170,050	170,425	15	10	5	285	145	140
French	635	295	340	779,125	383,000	396,125	405	185	220	45	25	20
Non-official language	40	20	20	204,395	96,705	107,690	25	15	10	55	30	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	204,315	96,670	107,645	25	15	10	55	30	25
English and French	55	25	30	173,135	89,205	83,935	15	10	5	55	30	25
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	135,390	66,995	68,400	5	0	5	35	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	65	25	45	180,900	85,935	94,965	55	25	30	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	154,470	76,450	78,020	25	15	10	30	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	885	410	480	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
Single responses	865	400	470	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	515	250	270	470	245	225
Official languages	790	355	430	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	460	220	245	395	205	190
English	45	20	30	479,850	239,270	240,580	30	20	10	330	165	160
French	740	335	405	956,130	471,155	484,975	435	200	235	65	40	25
Non-official languages	75	40	35	370,290	177,955	192,335	55	25	30	70	40	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	40	35	370,125	177,895	192,235	55	25	30	70	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	10	5	10	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	10	5	10	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	17,355	8,030	9,325	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	188,550	90,370	98,185	45	25	20	45	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	21,410	9,870	11,540	0	0	0	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	21,300	9,830	11,475	0	0	0	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,445	685	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0	10	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0	15	10	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dari	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	95,835	44,515	51,315	45	25	20	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	22,105	9,270	12,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	20	10	10	54,335	26,035	28,300	45	20	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese languages	15	10	10	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	173,745	85,640	88,110	25	15	15	35	15	20
English and French	5	5	0	53,305	27,065	26,240	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	39,365	19,140	20,225	0	0	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	57,355	27,790	29,565	25	10	15	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	21,910	10,810	11,100	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	890	410	475	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	545	260	285	510	260	250
None	720	330	385	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	465	220	245	405	205	195
English	50	25	30	131,630	67,290	64,340	20	10	10	35	20	15
French	25	10	20	126,780	62,180	64,600	25	10	15	25	15	15
Non-official language	50	25	30	144,335	69,210	75,130	15	10	5	20	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	30	144,155	69,135	75,015	15	10	5	20	10	15
English and French	10	5	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	5	5	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	38,875	19,700	19,180	10	5	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	33,620	16,170	17,450	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	0	5	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	870	390	480	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	580	275	310	455	235	215
Official languages	870	385	480	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	575	275	300	455	235	215
English	580	255	320	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	240	130	105	455	235	215
French	845	375	470	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	570	270	300	360	185	170
Non-official languages	310	145	165	971,455	471,755	499,700	155	70	85	215	135	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	145	165	970,710	471,495	499,220	155	70	85	215	135	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	25	217,295	113,605	103,690	25	0	20	110	75	35
Berber languages	15	10	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	205,120	107,210	97,905	25	0	20	110	75	35
Amharic	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	45	25	188,115	98,545	89,565	0	0	0	15	15	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0	100	65	35
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	20	20	76,295	34,775	41,520	35	10	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	67,895	30,695	37,205	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	85	110	514,485	250,190	264,295	90	55	35	105	65	35
Albanian	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0	15	15	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0	15	15	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0	30	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0	30	20	0
German	0	0	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0	25	20	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	75	95	324,695	154,360	170,340	90	55	35	45	30	20
Catalan	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15	107,285	51,300	55,985	15	15	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	165	70	90	193,835	91,345	102,490	70	30	35	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	33,295	16,860	16,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	875	390	485	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	580	275	305	455	235	215
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	10	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	30	25	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	10	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	25	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	865	385	475	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	550	250	295	455	235	215
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	875	390	485	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	580	275	305	455	235	215
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	875	390	485	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	580	270	305	455	235	215
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
Owner	155	...	...	360,125	...	...	130	...	...	155	...	...
Renter	245	...	...	550,240	...	...	140	...	...	10	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	192,985	...	...	135	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	280	...	...	717,375	...	...	135	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	115	...	...	267,715	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	180	...	...	303,875	...	...	190	...	...	10	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	220,945	...	...	70	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	98,090	...	...	0	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	210	...	...	501,570	...	...	180	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	90	...	...	166,230	...	...	70	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	60	...	...	78,495	...	...	10	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	58,850	...	...	0	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	105,210	...	...	0	...	...	125	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	4.7	...	...	4.4	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
One person or fewer per room	400	...	...	881,730	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
Suitable	365	...	...	834,885	...	...	250	...	...	165	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	75,475	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
1960 or before	135	...	...	325,005	...	...	10	...	...	80	...	...
1961 to 1980	70	...	...	282,605	...	...	65	...	...	80	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	101,185	...	...	165	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	55	...	...	63,765	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	70	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	375	...	...	833,540	...	...	260	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	76,815	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
One-maintainer household	235	...	...	543,605	...	...	120	...	...	85	...	...
Two-maintainer household	160	...	...	333,140	...	...	145	...	...	80	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	10	...	...	33,620	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	275	...	...	165	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	40,960	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	75	...	...	162,375	...	...	40	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	100	...	...	171,535	...	...	45	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	155,520	...	...	55	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	156,865	...	...	35	...	...	60	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	122,825	...	...	40	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	70,345	...	...	35	...	...	20	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	29,930	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	395	...	...	902,485	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	315	...	...	686,075	...	...	235	...	...	150	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	216,410	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	75	...	...	189,795	...	...	35	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	400	...	...	910,360	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	140	...	...	330,635	...	...	55	...	...	15	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	80	...	...	186,350	...	...	25	...	...	10	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...	56,480	...	...	15	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	50,745	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	10	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	260	...	...	579,720	...	...	215	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	395	...	...	875,865	...	...	270	...	...	165	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	87,945	...	...	25	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	355	...	...	787,925	...	...	245	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	360,120	...	...	130	...	...	150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	71.9	...	...	60.0	...	...	65.4	...	...	26.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,572	...	...	980	...	...	1,960	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	620,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	226,000	...	...	1,510,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	620,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	240,000	...	...	1,840,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	240	...	...	550,235	...	...	140	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.7	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.1	...	...	28.4	...	...	14.3	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.0	...	...	14.6	...	...	14.3	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	890	...	...	850	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	987	...	...	860	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	875	395	485	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	580	275	305	455	235	220
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	25	20	10	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	25	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	20	15	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	10	30,345	13,805	16,540	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	10	30,095	13,720	16,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	27,000	12,340	14,660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	860	385	470	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	555	255	300	455	235	220
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	875	390	485	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	580	275	305	455	240	220
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	795	355	445	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	530	255	275	420	215	205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	205	90	115	322,965	164,980	157,985	80	40	35	70	45	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	590	265	325	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	450	215	235	350	165	180
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	80	35	40	313,410	160,530	152,885	50	15	30	35	30	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	875	390	485	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	580	275	305	455	240	220
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	600	255	345	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	465	225	240	335	165	170
Immigrants⁸¹	265	130	140	652,730	313,955	338,770	85	40	40	110	65	45
Before 1980	20	10	10	108,265	50,530	57,735	0	0	0	50	25	15
1980 to 1990	30	15	15	69,695	34,150	35,545	15	10	10	25	20	10
1991 to 2000	25	15	15	106,810	50,520	56,290	25	10	10	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	60	25	40	154,780	74,520	80,255	10	0	10	10	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	125	65	65	213,175	104,225	108,950	25	15	15	25	15	10
2011 to 2015	80	50	35	99,070	48,005	51,065	15	15	0	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	45	15	30	114,110	56,220	57,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	30	10	15	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	270	130	135	652,725	313,955	338,770	85	40	45	110	65	45
Under 5 years	20	15	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	0	0	0	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	35	25	10	103,285	51,965	51,320	0	0	0	35	20	15
15 to 24 years	40	15	20	118,475	53,035	65,440	20	10	15	20	10	15
25 to 44 years	150	65	90	326,320	158,620	167,700	35	15	25	20	10	10
45 years and over	20	15	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	15	0	10	25	20	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	270	130	135	652,725	313,955	338,770	85	40	45	110	65	45
Americas	90	50	40	137,955	63,465	74,485	55	30	20	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	40	20	15	48,570	21,555	27,015	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	20	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	65	20	40	158,795	76,610	82,190	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	40	20	20	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	32,485	15,325	17,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	90	40	50	152,205	77,515	74,690	20	10	10	25	10	10
Algeria	40	25	20	44,925	23,280	21,640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	0	0	0	20	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	202,715	95,775	106,935	0	0	0	45	30	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0	15	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	15	30	114,110	56,220	57,885	10	0	10	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	20	0	20	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	15	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	875	390	480	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	580	275	305	455	235	215
First generation¹⁰⁰	280	145	145	813,905	400,325	413,580	110	50	60	130	80	55
Second generation¹⁰¹	150	85	65	424,225	212,755	211,475	90	45	45	155	85	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	440	170	280	721,230	352,590	368,630	380	180	200	170	70	100
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	245	115	125	544,455	263,425	281,040	80	40	45	60	40	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	155	80	70	303,105	155,090	148,020	25	15	15	50	25	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	35	40	151,015	87,200	63,815	25	15	15	25	20	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	75	40	35	152,090	67,890	84,205	0	0	0	25	10	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	25	40	146,645	59,645	87,000	35	15	20	0	0	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	85,165	44,145	41,025	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	245	115	125	544,455	263,425	281,040	80	40	45	60	40	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	53,655	28,340	25,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	0	25	56,685	26,490	30,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	20	15	27,800	15,470	12,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	150	75	75	387,815	184,015	203,795	65	25	40	45	25	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	875	390	485	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	580	275	305	455	235	215
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	245	125	120	737,510	363,785	373,725	145	50	90	35	15	20
South Asian	10	10	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	10	10	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black	95	45	55	208,805	101,125	107,680	85	30	55	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab	40	20	15	151,890	79,375	72,515	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin American	55	30	30	82,550	40,580	41,970	60	25	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	15	10	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	630	270	360	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	435	220	215	415	220	200
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	875	390	480	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	585	275	305	455	240	215
Canadian	155	70	85	241,015	115,880	125,135	130	70	65	55	15	35
English	0	0	0	59,710	30,025	29,685	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	65	20	45	102,325	48,885	53,440	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	25	0	15	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	255	130	125	336,880	169,710	167,170	135	65	70	30	25	10
German	10	10	0	40,360	19,305	21,050	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	10	0	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	25	40	156,025	76,485	79,535	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0	50	25	25
Québécois	80	25	55	108,910	54,650	54,260	70	25	40	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0	10	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0	0	0	0
French Canadian	35	15	20	66,400	31,740	34,655	30	10	15	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	22,690	11,705	10,980	20	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	0	20	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0	15	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0	40	15	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	15	10	10	0	0	0
American	15	15	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0	30	20	0
Swedish	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	25	0	15	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0	180	85	95
Punjabi	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	15	56,950	30,125	26,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	20	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0	25	20	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	50	15	35	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	16,720	8,350	8,370	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	0	15	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	10	44,795	22,825	21,970	0	0	0	25	25	0
Czech	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	45	25	15	41,695	21,670	20,025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	15	15	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	875	390	485	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	580	275	305	450	235	215
Buddhist	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0	0	0	0
Christian	420	175	245	969,945	451,410	518,540	420	190	230	35	25	15
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	20	10	116,635	55,545	61,090	65	25	40	0	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catholic	330	125	205	675,695	314,690	361,010	335	160	175	20	10	10
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	15	15	16,130	6,980	9,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	10	41,965	19,030	22,935	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0	350	175	175
Muslim	85	50	40	233,440	121,145	112,290	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	365	170	190	590,140	310,985	279,165	130	70	60	50	25	20
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	865	380	485	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	580	275	305	455	240	220
Non-movers	745	350	400	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	530	240	290	425	220	200
Movers	115	30	85	255,365	129,500	125,865	50	35	15	30	20	15
Non-migrants	105	25	75	186,805	94,745	92,055	40	35	10	30	20	15
Migrants	10	0	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	10	0	10	0	0	0
Internal migrants	10	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	10	0	10	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	10	0	10	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	815	365	445	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	565	265	300	450	230	215
Non-movers	360	170	185	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	270	115	155	360	175	185
Movers	460	195	260	821,475	413,250	408,230	295	150	150	85	50	35
Non-migrants	320	140	180	433,700	216,030	217,670	190	90	105	30	15	15
Migrants	140	55	85	387,770	197,215	190,560	105	60	45	60	35	15
Internal migrants	90	30	55	190,035	93,955	96,075	75	45	30	35	20	15
Intraprovincial migrants	75	25	50	159,710	78,770	80,940	75	45	30	25	20	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0	0	0	0
External migrants	55	25	25	197,735	103,260	94,485	30	10	20	20	15	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	685	295	390	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	495	230	265	395	200	195
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	25	50	274,820	136,500	138,320	100	30	65	10	10	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	615	270	345	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	395	200	190	380	195	190
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	485	210	280	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	320	165	150	195	85	110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	35	25	10	121,295	65,950	55,345	65	20	45	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	450	185	270	975,700	481,690	494,005	255	145	110	190	80	110
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	690	300	390	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	495	235	260	395	200	195
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	20	45	247,460	120,840	126,625	90	30	60	10	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	45	50	319,755	162,520	157,240	130	75	55	45	30	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	525	235	295	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	275	125	150	340	170	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	80	90	473,060	232,855	240,210	205	95	115	75	45	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	40	30	146,170	81,740	64,425	105	55	55	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	20	30	106,110	54,025	52,085	70	25	45	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	20	0	40,055	27,715	12,340	30	20	10	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	75	30	45	260,845	122,345	138,495	95	35	60	60	40	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	15	66,045	28,760	37,285	10	0	0	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	360	155	200	609,855	291,355	318,505	70	35	30	265	125	140
Bachelor's degree	135	50	80	344,605	160,320	184,285	50	20	30	165	60	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	20	15	58,945	27,280	31,665	10	10	0	35	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	15	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0	20	20	0
Master's degree	135	55	80	159,510	78,325	81,190	0	0	0	35	20	15
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	10	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	490	205	280	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	320	170	150	195	90	105
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	50	20	30	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	40	20	20	162,205	88,420	73,785	50	45	10	0	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	170	250	831,975	403,420	428,555	215	110	110	190	85	105
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	50	65	333,160	167,260	165,895	160	75	85	25	10	10
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	35	25	110,390	60,690	49,700	85	45	40	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	20	25	81,090	40,585	40,505	60	20	40	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	15	15	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	25	25	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	45	10	30	174,185	84,745	89,445	70	30	35	15	10	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	48,580	21,830	26,755	10	0	0	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	310	120	185	498,815	236,155	262,665	55	30	30	165	70	100
Bachelor's degree	110	40	75	276,640	128,890	147,745	35	15	25	110	25	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	20	10	48,390	21,995	26,395	10	10	0	15	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0	15	15	0
Master's degree	125	45	75	137,150	66,720	70,430	0	0	0	20	15	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	10	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	690	300	390	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	495	235	260	395	200	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	160	65	95	567,220	283,355	283,860	215	105	115	50	30	25
Education	45	15	30	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10	25	0	20
13. Education	45	15	30	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	15	25	69,210	32,705	36,505	35	20	15	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	10	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	20	61,135	27,085	34,045	30	10	15	0	0	0
Humanities	50	20	25	78,920	30,815	48,110	20	10	0	45	10	35
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	28,165	11,870	16,295	10	10	0	35	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	20	10	10	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	25	60	157,220	58,185	99,040	20	0	20	45	20	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	18,245	2,110	16,130	10	0	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	0	10	15	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	59,300	29,185	30,110	0	0	0	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	90	25	65	248,895	110,950	137,945	65	20	50	100	50	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	25	60	237,125	108,040	129,090	60	15	45	90	50	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	57,445	29,770	27,670	0	0	0	45	35	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0	15	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	0	0	0	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	25	10	65,435	46,010	19,420	10	10	0	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	20	10	53,075	39,595	13,480	10	10	0	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	85	55	25	173,380	143,615	29,765	50	50	0	25	20	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	25	10	78,800	61,515	17,290	0	0	0	20	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	25	25	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	20,645	19,920	730	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	55	15	40	122,295	30,795	91,495	50	10	40	35	25	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	10	30	109,185	24,140	85,045	35	0	30	35	25	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	10	0	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	485	210	280	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	320	170	150	190	85	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	65	35	30	265,025	144,230	120,800	105	60	35	0	0	0
Education	35	10	25	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
13. Education	35	10	25	38,405	8,860	29,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	20	54,840	26,500	28,340	35	20	15	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	20	48,205	21,870	26,335	25	10	15	0	0	0
Humanities	25	10	15	52,565	20,765	31,805	15	0	10	35	10	25
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	20	10	10	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	15	55	121,985	44,105	77,880	15	0	15	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	0	0	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	0	0	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	44,580	21,945	22,635	0	0	0	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	80	20	65	199,525	87,920	111,600	40	10	30	65	35	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	10	0	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	20	60	190,410	85,600	104,810	35	0	30	65	35	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	10	37,905	19,350	18,560	0	0	0	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	10	10	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	10	10	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	75	55	25	137,395	112,025	25,370	45	45	0	10	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	25	10	66,210	51,090	15,115	0	0	0	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	16,030	15,195	835	20	20	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15,275	14,660	615	10	10	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	0	0	0	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	0	0	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	10	25	92,595	23,265	69,330	35	10	25	25	15	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	82,410	18,370	64,045	30	0	25	25	15	15
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	0	15	32,910	17,695	15,220	10	0	10	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	20,670	7,455	13,220	10	0	10	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	485	210	280	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	320	170	150	190	85	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	35	30	265,025	144,230	120,800	105	60	35	0	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	420	170	245	831,975	403,415	428,560	215	105	110	190	80	105
Location of study inside Canada	310	125	185	598,455	286,340	312,115	185	85	100	165	75	90
Same as province or territory of residence	310	125	185	566,540	270,160	296,380	185	85	100	160	70	90
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	50	60	233,520	117,075	116,445	30	20	15	30	10	15
Americas	25	10	15	41,560	21,015	20,550	30	15	15	10	0	0
United States of America	10	10	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	20	25	74,705	39,515	35,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	43,480	23,805	19,675	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	15	10	50,645	26,790	23,860	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	25	10	10	19,530	10,160	9,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	65,125	28,945	36,180	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	690	300	390	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	495	235	260	395	200	195
In the labour force	525	235	290	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	320	170	145	260	135	125
Employed	490	220	270	971,245	502,885	468,360	280	145	140	235	125	110
Unemployed	35	15	20	110,395	58,460	51,935	35	30	10	25	10	15
Not in the labour force	165	65	100	568,495	246,215	322,280	175	65	110	135	65	70
Participation rate	76.1	78.3	74.4	65.5	69.5	61.8	64.6	72.3	55.8	65.8	67.5	64.1
Employment rate	71.0	73.3	69.2	58.9	62.3	55.6	56.6	61.7	53.8	59.5	62.5	56.4
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.4	6.9	10.2	10.4	10.0	10.9	17.6	6.9	9.6	7.4	12.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	690	300	390	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	495	235	260	395	200	195
Did not work¹⁸⁶	165	65	100	582,470	253,075	329,400	175	70	105	170	80	90
Worked	520	230	285	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	320	165	155	230	120	110
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	290	145	145	529,400	287,950	241,450	190	100	90	120	70	50
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	225	85	145	538,265	266,540	271,725	125	65	60	105	45	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	43.6	40.8	39.7	40.2	39.3	42.2	42.6	41.6	40.4	39.2	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	525	235	290	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	315	170	150	255	135	120
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	15	0	15	0	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	505	225	280	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	300	155	150	245	135	110
Employee	410	185	235	907,745	457,830	449,915	290	150	140	160	70	85
Permanent position	350	160	190	741,830	380,445	361,385	265	135	130	120	40	80
Temporary position	60	20	40	165,915	77,385	88,530	25	15	0	35	30	0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	10	15	69,690	31,285	38,405	15	0	0	10	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	35	10	25	96,225	46,100	50,120	15	0	0	25	25	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	90	45	45	142,380	88,145	54,230	15	0	10	90	60	25
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	525	235	290	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	315	170	150	255	135	120
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	15	0	15	0	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	505	225	280	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	300	155	150	245	135	110
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	15	0	10	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	35	70	207,660	79,975	127,685	60	25	35	60	15	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	60	45	20	114,775	85,780	28,990	20	10	15	20	20	0
3 Health occupations	55	15	45	85,545	21,700	63,845	25	0	25	25	15	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	90	45	50	140,500	46,385	94,115	15	10	10	40	20	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	15	40	61,790	31,615	30,175	10	0	0	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	95	45	50	263,055	135,300	127,750	85	35	45	55	40	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	25	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	35	35	0	20	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	0	10	42,380	28,195	14,185	35	30	10	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	525	235	290	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	315	170	150	255	135	120
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	20	10	15	31,515	15,365	16,150	15	15	0	15	0	15
All industries¹⁹¹	505	225	280	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	300	155	150	245	135	110
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	15	10	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	15	15	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	15	10	0	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	35	20	15	86,535	58,295	28,235	55	35	15	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	42,365	25,230	17,140	15	0	10	40	30	10
44-45 Retail trade	40	20	20	111,555	56,180	55,375	45	25	15	20	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	0	0	0	10	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	20	43,110	26,250	16,865	15	15	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	0	0	0	20	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	30	30	130,405	75,750	54,655	15	10	0	85	45	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	25	15	49,530	29,800	19,735	15	10	10	0	0	0
61 Educational services	85	30	50	95,290	34,510	60,780	20	0	15	15	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	80	20	55	142,545	36,095	106,450	55	25	30	30	20	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	59,510	32,125	27,380	20	0	15	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	10	43,990	17,935	26,050	20	10	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	30	10	25	42,120	20,455	21,665	20	0	15	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	545	240	310	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	335	175	165	270	150	125
English	35	25	10	201,310	110,165	91,150	0	0	0	100	45	50
French	245	85	160	416,430	206,170	210,265	265	135	135	20	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	220	110	110	473,485	249,700	223,785	65	35	30	150	85	70
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	28,645	14,450	14,195	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	545	240	310	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	335	175	165	270	150	125
Single responses	480	205	275	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	325	175	155	205	110	95
Official languages	475	200	270	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	325	170	155	195	105	90
English	70	45	25	361,715	194,885	166,835	10	0	10	155	70	85
French	400	155	245	645,885	327,180	318,705	315	165	145	40	30	10
Non-official languages	10	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	35	35	126,180	65,940	60,240	10	0	10	70	35	30
English and French	65	35	25	116,535	60,925	55,605	10	0	10	70	35	30
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	545	240	310	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	335	175	165	270	150	125
None	335	135	195	743,180	381,875	361,305	285	140	145	180	100	80
English	145	65	80	219,885	116,455	103,430	45	30	10	35	25	10
French	35	25	15	149,470	78,495	70,975	10	0	10	60	20	35
Non-official language	30	15	10	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	10	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	490	220	270	971,245	502,885	468,360	285	145	140	235	125	110
Worked at home	195	90	95	298,820	151,335	147,485	45	15	30	105	45	60
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	35	15	15	89,120	62,795	26,325	25	25	0	10	10	0
Usual place of work	260	105	155	580,035	286,695	293,340	210	105	105	120	70	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	260	105	160	580,035	286,695	293,340	210	105	105	120	70	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	225	85	130	427,475	202,010	225,465	180	85	90	15	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	10	91,735	47,670	44,070	0	0	0	100	65	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	15	20	58,865	35,690	23,175	30	15	15	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	300	125	175	669,150	349,485	319,665	235	125	110	130	75	50
Car, truck or van	190	75	110	395,615	229,315	166,300	160	95	65	105	70	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	175	70	100	365,770	218,475	147,295	155	95	65	105	60	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	10	29,845	10,845	19,005	0	0	0	0	0	0
Public transit	80	30	50	177,860	74,605	103,260	60	25	30	10	10	0
Walked	0	0	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	15	10	10	10	0	0
Bicycle	20	10	10	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	300	125	175	669,150	349,485	319,665	235	125	110	130	75	50
Less than 15 minutes	25	0	25	125,240	61,185	64,055	30	15	15	30	10	15
15 to 29 minutes	115	55	60	241,005	129,590	111,420	95	45	45	80	50	30
30 to 44 minutes	100	35	65	176,925	96,710	80,215	55	40	15	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	40	20	15	67,635	33,110	34,530	25	0	20	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	20	0	15	58,350	28,905	29,445	30	20	10	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	300	125	175	669,150	349,485	319,665	235	125	110	130	75	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	25	15	15	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	25	20	95,270	56,280	38,990	40	30	10	15	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	70	30	40	166,695	79,410	87,280	75	40	30	30	25	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	75	20	50	149,185	68,865	80,320	35	0	35	50	30	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	40	20	25	106,855	50,615	56,240	10	0	0	30	0	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	60	30	35	112,350	65,830	46,520	50	35	15	0	0	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	170	85	85	371,310	189,920	181,390	110	65	50	125	70	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	15	109,065	56,315	52,750	20	10	5	90	50	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	75	75	262,245	133,605	128,640	90	50	45	35	20	15
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	135	60	70	264,905	135,505	129,395	80	50	35	90	50	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	10	82,880	42,755	40,130	15	10	10	65	35	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	0	10	67,535	34,945	32,590	15	10	10	60	30	30
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	15,350	7,810	7,540	0	0	0	5	5	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	50	60	182,020	92,755	89,270	65	40	25	25	15	15

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table