Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662064More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660983More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			Montréal, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division] Remove			24660311More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	672	...	...	664	...	...	2,004,265	...	...	941	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	1,942,044	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	435	...	...	453	...	...	976,966	...	...	373	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	413	...	...	435	...	...	910,359	...	...	358	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14,029.2	...	...	11,669.6	...	...	4,022.3	...	...	14,086.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.05	...	...	0.06	...	...	498.29	...	...	0.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	675	360	310	665	275	390	2,004,265	983,805	1,020,465	940	450	495
0 to 14 years	60	40	20	30	15	15	309,765	158,545	151,225	220	120	100
0 to 4 years	25	15	5	5	5	0	99,195	50,760	48,435	70	45	25
5 to 9 years	20	10	5	5	5	0	106,985	54,660	52,320	65	35	35
10 to 14 years	20	10	10	15	5	10	103,590	53,120	50,470	85	45	40
15 to 64 years	515	285	235	290	140	150	1,343,170	674,055	669,120	590	270	325
15 to 19 years	15	5	10	15	5	5	97,525	49,340	48,180	50	30	25
20 to 24 years	20	15	5	15	5	5	140,025	70,895	69,125	50	25	30
25 to 29 years	70	35	35	25	15	10	165,525	83,630	81,895	70	25	40
30 to 34 years	100	55	50	20	10	10	157,725	78,995	78,730	70	35	35
35 to 39 years	75	35	40	15	5	5	149,265	74,115	75,155	55	20	35
40 to 44 years	75	50	30	20	10	10	142,365	70,920	71,445	70	25	45
45 to 49 years	40	25	10	35	20	15	125,505	62,690	62,815	70	40	35
50 to 54 years	40	25	15	25	15	10	121,710	61,735	59,975	50	30	25
55 to 59 years	45	20	25	60	25	30	125,465	63,810	61,655	60	25	30
60 to 64 years	35	25	15	70	25	40	118,065	57,920	60,140	40	20	25
65 years and over	95	35	55	345	120	225	351,325	151,210	200,120	130	55	75
65 to 69 years	35	15	20	70	30	40	99,325	46,730	52,595	35	15	20
70 to 74 years	25	5	15	75	25	50	86,030	39,185	46,845	35	15	20
75 to 79 years	15	5	10	70	25	40	63,215	27,320	35,895	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	15	5	5	65	20	40	46,875	18,960	27,915	25	15	15
85 years and over	10	0	5	75	25	45	55,885	19,015	36,870	15	10	10
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	50	25	30	33,210	12,200	21,010	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	15	5	5	17,780	5,610	12,170	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	4,290	1,075	3,210	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	125	480	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.9	11.1	6.5	4.5	5.5	3.8	15.5	16.1	14.8	23.4	26.7	20.2
15 to 64 years	76.3	79.2	75.8	43.6	50.9	38.5	67.0	68.5	65.6	62.8	60.0	65.7
65 years and over	14.1	9.7	17.7	51.9	43.6	57.7	17.5	15.4	19.6	13.8	12.2	15.2
85 years and over	1.5	0.0	1.6	11.3	9.1	11.5	2.8	1.9	3.6	1.6	2.2	2.0
Average age of the population	41.7	40.0	43.6	61.7	58.4	64.0	41.0	39.8	42.1	37.2	35.8	38.6
Median age of the population	39.2	39.2	38.8	66.0	62.8	68.5	39.6	38.4	40.4	36.0	33.6	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	410	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	360	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	15	...	...	100,615	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	30	...	...	32,530	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,075	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	0	...	...	110,440	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	400	...	...	150	...	...	479,885	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	240	...	...	148,935	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	415	...	...	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	360	...	...
1 person	230	...	...	275	...	...	367,400	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	125	...	...	110	...	...	271,730	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	25	...	...	118,205	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	98,205	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	5	...	...	54,820	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	670	360	315	665	275	390	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	940	445	490
Average household size	1.6	...	...	1.5	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	610	320	295	635	265	375	1,694,500	825,260	869,235	720	325	400
Married or living common-law	270	150	120	245	125	120	822,440	414,330	408,115	395	200	195
Married	100	50	45	205	100	100	577,060	289,455	287,600	340	170	165
Living common-law	170	95	75	40	20	20	245,385	124,870	120,510	55	25	25
Living common law - Never married	160	90	70	25	15	15	207,040	104,785	102,250	35	20	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,190	1,835	1,355	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	0	10	5	5	32,295	16,915	15,380	15	10	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,335	1,520	0	5	0
Not married and not living common-law	340	170	170	390	140	250	872,060	410,935	461,125	330	130	200
Not married and not living common law - Never married	260	145	110	190	85	110	627,845	333,150	294,700	215	95	115
Not married and not living common law - Separated	5	0	0	10	5	5	34,795	14,820	19,975	30	5	20
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	55	15	40	80	25	50	126,605	46,380	80,225	50	15	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	25	5	15	110	20	85	82,815	16,590	66,225	35	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	155	...	...	145	...	...	495,445	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	110	...	...	110	...	...	251,075	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	20	...	...	107,265	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	15	...	...	93,300	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	43,810	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	145	...	...	495,445	...	...	260	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	120	...	...	395,645	...	...	190	...	...
Married couples	45	...	...	100	...	...	273,070	...	...	160	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	30	...	...	162,745	...	...	115	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	70	...	...	110,325	...	...	50	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...	15	...	...	122,570	...	...	25	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	5	...	...	44,875	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	15	...	...	77,700	...	...	15	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	30	...	...	99,805	...	...	70	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	20	...	...	80,530	...	...	55	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	19,275	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	670	360	315	665	275	390	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	940	445	490
Total - Persons in census families	385	215	175	355	170	185	1,432,990	702,710	730,275	805	390	420
Married spouses or common-law partners	270	150	120	240	120	120	791,280	398,495	392,785	380	190	190
Parents in one-parent families	25	10	15	25	5	20	99,805	19,275	80,525	65	10	60
Children⁶	95	55	35	85	45	45	541,905	284,935	256,965	355	185	170
In a two-parent family	65	40	25	55	30	25	392,250	205,155	187,095	245	130	115
In a one-parent family	30	20	10	35	15	15	149,655	79,785	69,865	110	60	55
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	285	145	145	310	105	210	526,370	262,915	263,450	135	60	75
Living alone	235	115	120	280	90	190	367,395	175,660	191,740	90	40	50
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	15	5	15	49,280	22,020	27,255	25	5	20
Living with non-relatives only	40	25	20	20	10	5	109,690	65,235	44,455	20	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	415	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	360	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	160	...	...	135	...	...	455,970	...	...	235	...	...
Couple-family households	135	...	...	110	...	...	370,250	...	...	175	...	...
With children⁶	40	...	...	35	...	...	194,165	...	...	110	...	...
Without children	95	...	...	80	...	...	176,085	...	...	65	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	25	...	...	85,720	...	...	60	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	5	...	...	13,270	...	...	15	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	0	...	...	5	...	...	16,550	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	10	...	...	55,210	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	235	...	...	280	...	...	367,395	...	...	90	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	610	315	290	635	260	375	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	725	325	395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	595	310	285	625	255	365	1,585,095	775,175	809,920	680	310	370
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	53,600	40,400	32,000	37,600	29,600	37,600	39,600	36,000	36,400	38,400	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	595	310	285	625	255	365	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	680	310	370
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,400	35,200	30,000	33,600	28,400	34,000	35,200	32,800	33,200	35,200	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	550	290	260	530	220	315	1,400,285	695,300	704,985	595	285	310
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,200	36,400	22,000	28,800	19,000	31,000	35,200	27,000	24,800	30,200	21,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480	265	215	290	135	150	1,155,055	594,975	560,080	485	235	250
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	51,600	40,400	31,400	39,600	24,000	32,800	36,000	29,600	29,200	34,400	23,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	435	205	230	570	225	345	1,324,675	616,720	707,960	610	265	345
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	8,300	10,000	17,000	16,000	17,600	10,800	9,600	12,000	13,200	10,000	14,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	60	30	30	35	15	20	171,705	84,570	87,145	110	45	60
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,200	5,680	5,200	x	x	5,520	5,480	5,680	5,240	5,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	95	75	105	45	55	529,640	276,110	253,530	250	125	125
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,700	9,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	10,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,200	8,500	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	615	305	310	655	240	410	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	625	300	325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	605	300	305	635	240	395	1,585,295	775,790	809,505	590	285	305
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,600	61,200	40,000	41,600	50,400	36,200	53,250	60,050	46,760	41,400	46,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	605	300	305	635	240	395	1,585,735	776,005	809,740	590	285	305
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	49,200	34,800	36,000	42,400	32,200	42,520	46,280	38,960	36,400	39,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	550	290	260	530	185	345	1,399,405	695,445	703,960	520	260	250
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,600	57,200	35,200	33,600	49,600	25,100	48,960	57,350	40,640	32,600	40,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	260	190	305	105	205	1,155,055	595,500	559,555	435	230	205
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,000	58,400	40,800	37,600	55,000	28,800	48,760	55,650	41,480	34,400	40,800	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	435	180	250	585	205	380	1,323,550	616,015	707,535	515	235	285
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,480	11,200	11,600	14,650	14,500	14,750	12,040	10,900	13,040	14,400	10,500	17,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55	25	35	35	15	20	171,360	84,435	86,925	100	55	45
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,200	6,800	5,600	7,000	4,800	6,840	6,065	7,590	4,600	5,000	4,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	165	95	70	105	35	75	528,305	276,300	252,005	225	120	105
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	11,800	9,200	9,000	9,000	9,200	9,110	9,140	9,070	9,900	8,800	11,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	610	300	310	655	245	410	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	620	295	325
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	240	155	90	110	45	65	514,340	278,505	235,830	185	100	90
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	73,500	56,000	51,200	51,200	52,000	60,000	63,600	56,000	46,400	47,600	38,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,500	77,000	64,000	59,000	60,000	58,000	78,700	88,300	67,400	47,200	56,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	95	85	130	40	95	504,455	247,565	256,895	190	105	90
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	25,000	19,800	12,900	6,600	16,800	16,400	17,400	15,500	22,000	29,600	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	36,500	23,200	34,500	68,000	20,000	26,920	29,400	24,520	29,200	35,500	21,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	90.0	76.0	67.5	76.0	60.8	81.2	85.6	75.6	69.5	82.0	56.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.5	82.0	64.0	44.0	48.0	41.0	66.8	71.0	61.3	61.2	71.0	49.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.2	11.0	24.4	32.4	24.4	39.2	18.9	14.4	24.4	30.6	18.8	44.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.9	2.0	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	6.4	6.3	4.8	3.4	6.0	6.4	5.9	7.0	10.4	8.8	12.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.8	6.2	5.2	3.7	2.8	4.4	5.7	5.4	6.0	9.2	8.0	10.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	610	320	295	635	265	375	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	720	325	400
Without total income	15	10	10	10	0	10	65,020	32,205	32,820	45	15	25
With total income	600	315	285	625	260	365	1,585,095	775,175	809,915	680	310	370
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	35	15	25	138,250	65,670	72,580	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	25	80	35	40	200,450	93,060	107,390	75	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	55	180	60	120	286,825	131,235	155,595	130	55	70
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	45	85	35	55	215,455	102,705	112,755	110	55	60
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	40	95	35	55	181,505	86,460	95,040	110	55	55
$50,000 to $59,999	65	30	30	60	35	25	138,185	64,805	73,380	80	35	45
$60,000 to $69,999	55	30	25	35	20	15	100,060	48,510	51,550	45	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10	15	5	5	74,165	37,625	36,540	25	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	15	10	0	10	58,400	30,060	28,335	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	0	5	0	0	42,240	22,360	19,875	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	60	40	25	30	15	10	149,555	92,680	56,875	20	20	5
$100,000 to $149,999	45	30	20	15	5	5	90,980	53,275	37,705	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	10	10	0	58,575	39,405	19,170	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	610	320	295	635	265	375	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	720	325	400
Without after-tax income	15	10	10	10	0	10	64,605	32,005	32,605	45	15	25
With after-tax income	600	315	285	625	260	365	1,585,510	775,375	810,135	680	310	370
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	20	20	35	15	25	144,275	67,955	76,320	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	30	80	35	50	210,975	98,495	112,480	80	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	115	50	65	195	60	130	334,395	155,845	178,545	150	65	90
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	55	130	55	75	257,145	124,835	132,315	130	65	65
$40,000 to $49,999	90	50	40	80	40	45	204,980	97,805	107,175	120	60	65
$50,000 to $59,999	70	40	35	50	25	25	139,760	67,315	72,450	70	25	40
$60,000 to $69,999	60	40	20	15	10	10	93,705	46,700	47,005	30	10	20
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	15	15	10	10	61,765	31,815	29,945	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	5	5	0	38,975	21,640	17,335	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	0	0	0	25,855	14,955	10,900	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	15	15	5	15	10	5	73,695	48,025	25,665	10	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	10	5	0	10	5	5	33,165	20,265	12,905	10	0	0
$125,000 and over	5	5	0	5	5	0	40,530	27,765	12,760	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	610	320	295	635	265	375	1,650,115	807,380	842,740	720	325	400
Without employment income	130	50	75	350	125	225	495,060	212,405	282,660	240	95	150
With employment income	480	265	215	290	140	155	1,155,055	594,980	560,080	485	235	250
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	25	30	80	35	45	167,560	82,405	85,155	70	35	40
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	15	10	10	111,575	52,975	58,595	45	15	30
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	25	25	10	15	151,350	72,815	78,530	70	35	40
$20,000 to $29,999	35	25	10	25	0	20	116,030	56,295	59,730	55	25	30
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	30	35	15	25	108,120	55,225	52,890	65	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	30	20	15	104,250	51,950	52,300	55	30	25
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	15	30	15	15	84,485	42,940	41,540	45	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	15	15	10	5	66,190	35,045	31,145	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10	10	5	5	52,585	28,500	24,080	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	15	5	0	5	46,000	24,150	21,850	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	5	0	0	31,345	18,120	13,230	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	50	30	20	20	15	10	115,575	74,545	41,030	20	10	5
$100,000 to $124,999	35	15	15	5	5	0	47,525	28,870	18,655	15	10	0
$125,000 and over	20	15	5	15	10	5	68,050	45,675	22,375	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	610	315	290	635	260	375	1,650,115	807,375	842,735	725	325	395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	590	305	280	620	255	365	1,538,580	750,495	788,085	660	305	360
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,200	40,000	30,400	34,400	27,200	34,000	36,400	31,800	31,800	34,000	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	590	305	280	620	255	365	1,539,035	750,625	788,405	660	305	360
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,800	35,200	28,000	32,800	26,400	31,000	32,800	29,400	29,600	31,000	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	545	285	260	520	215	310	1,366,580	678,230	688,350	590	280	310
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	56,400	38,400	23,000	29,800	20,200	32,000	36,000	28,200	27,800	31,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	265	210	295	135	160	1,133,505	583,045	550,460	490	240	255
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	57,600	43,200	31,000	36,000	26,600	33,600	36,800	30,400	30,600	33,600	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	390	180	210	535	210	325	1,199,280	547,540	651,735	565	245	320
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,660	2,200	4,080	15,500	15,000	15,900	4,440	2,760	7,300	5,400	2,420	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	45	25	15	25	15	10	114,940	56,080	58,855	60	25	35
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,960	3,640	x	6,600	x	x	5,120	4,600	5,760	4,840	7,400	3,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	615	305	310	655	240	410	1,650,130	807,560	842,575	625	300	325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	300	300	625	230	395	1,538,450	750,620	787,830	580	275	300
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	55,200	38,800	38,600	46,400	34,200	50,000	57,050	43,280	39,000	45,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	300	300	625	230	395	1,538,920	750,780	788,145	580	275	300
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,800	33,200	32,800	37,600	29,900	39,800	43,800	35,920	34,200	38,800	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	550	280	260	525	180	340	1,365,190	677,795	687,395	515	255	255
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,800	54,800	36,400	33,000	44,800	26,800	49,080	57,750	40,560	35,400	44,000	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455	265	190	290	100	195	1,132,415	582,685	549,730	440	235	205
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,200	50,800	44,800	41,200	60,000	31,800	48,720	55,750	41,240	37,000	43,200	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	395	155	235	540	185	355	1,198,940	547,060	651,880	470	200	275
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	5,400	8,300	12,760	13,100	12,600	8,250	6,740	9,510	9,200	5,760	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	25	0	20	15	0	114,595	55,675	58,915	75	35	40
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	4,800	...	9,500	9,000	...	7,510	5,990	8,940	6,800	5,200	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	610	300	310	655	245	410	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	620	295	325
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	235	145	90	110	45	65	507,645	274,575	233,070	185	100	90
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	63,600	55,600	50,000	41,600	51,600	54,400	58,400	50,400	44,000	43,600	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	66,000	61,000	56,000	54,000	58,000	72,500	82,100	61,050	46,000	51,000	40,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	175	100	80	110	25	90	462,020	227,495	234,530	185	105	75
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	27,000	36,000	30,200	x	29,400	21,800	23,200	20,400	30,200	33,600	22,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,400	36,000	37,000	49,000	120,000	27,600	32,320	35,520	29,240	36,000	46,000	23,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	94.0	82.0	71.5	77.0	67.0	87.2	91.4	81.8	81.0	90.0	68.0
Employment income (%)	78.5	82.0	73.0	50.0	56.0	46.0	71.8	75.8	66.6	72.0	82.0	61.0
Government transfers (%)	10.2	5.2	17.2	28.6	23.2	32.8	12.8	8.6	18.2	19.2	9.0	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.9	x	0.8	1.2	x	1.1	0.8	1.6	2.4	1.4	3.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	415	...	...	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	43,200	...	...	66,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	39,200	...	...	58,000	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	235	...	...	280	...	...	367,395	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	34,800	...	...	38,000	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	32,400	...	...	34,000	...	...	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	175	...	...	155	...	...	542,960	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	65,500	...	...	80,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	440	...	...	430	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	60,800	...	...	92,700	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,800	...	...	52,600	...	...	74,100	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	250	...	...	367,255	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	39,600	...	...	49,760	...	...	41,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	35,200	...	...	40,640	...	...	35,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	180	...	...	543,100	...	...	235	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	121,800	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	96,700	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	415	...	...	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	18,165	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,335	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	17,665	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	25,730	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	55	...	...	57,720	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	55	...	...	41,160	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	40,595	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	41,545	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	45	...	...	42,630	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	40,980	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	55	...	...	75,485	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	25	...	...	67,695	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	60,495	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	54,055	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	45,830	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	115	...	...	55	...	...	270,265	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	20	...	...	85,635	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	56,205	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	62,095	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	66,335	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	415	...	...	435	...	...	910,355	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,710	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,575	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	17,965	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	27,485	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	50	...	...	63,030	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	60	...	...	49,660	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	40	...	...	48,815	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	50	...	...	51,055	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	35	...	...	50,890	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	47,120	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	45	...	...	85,490	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	75,625	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	20	...	...	65,530	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	54,850	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	5	...	...	45,065	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	35	...	...	197,490	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	78,870	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	45,905	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	15	...	...	72,715	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	160	...	...	150	...	...	501,830	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	94,000	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	66,000	...	...	82,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	80	...	...	179,195	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	64,500	...	...	88,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	58,400	...	...	75,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	35	...	...	208,260	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	30	...	...	95,875	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	58,400	...	...	65,500	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	53,600	...	...	59,600	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	280	140	140	300	100	195	477,085	240,895	236,195	110	55	60
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	49,200	40,400	34,800	37,600	32,800	34,400	34,800	34,000	36,800	39,200	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,800	34,800	32,000	34,000	30,200	31,200	31,200	31,200	33,600	35,200	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	145	...	...	160	...	...	501,905	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	98,700	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	85	...	...	179,455	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	116,700	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	75,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	35	...	...	208,375	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	180,000	...	...	157,200	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	122,300	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	40	...	...	95,455	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	58,000	...	...	78,200	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	52,000	...	...	67,100	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	320	140	185	295	85	215	476,520	240,280	236,245	120	65	55
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	61,000	41,600	38,000	36,000	38,800	45,520	46,520	44,560	44,000	52,000	32,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	49,000	36,400	34,000	32,500	34,400	37,600	37,920	37,280	37,500	44,000	29,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	675	360	310	665	275	390	1,959,355	965,630	993,725	945	450	495
0 to 17 years	70	45	25	35	20	20	365,020	186,710	178,315	255	140	115
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	10	5	5	120,615	61,615	58,995	75	50	30
18 to 64 years	505	280	230	285	135	145	1,276,910	638,650	638,260	560	250	305
65 years and over	95	35	60	345	120	225	317,425	140,270	177,155	130	55	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	85	40	45	125	40	85	321,885	154,370	167,510	160	70	90
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	5	0	0	54,265	27,870	26,395	45	25	20
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	18,760	9,545	9,215	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	55	35	30	40	15	25	197,020	99,310	97,710	85	35	50
65 years and over	25	5	15	85	20	60	70,600	27,185	43,415	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.0	14.4	18.8	14.0	22.0	16.4	16.0	16.9	17.2	16.0	18.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	x	x	x	x	x	14.9	14.9	14.8	16.5	18.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	15.6	15.5	15.6	12.0	x	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.0	12.0	14.0	12.0	16.0	15.4	15.6	15.3	15.4	14.0	16.5
65 years and over (%)	24.0	20.0	24.0	23.6	17.0	27.0	22.2	19.4	24.5	26.0	18.0	30.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	670	360	315	665	275	390	1,959,355	965,625	993,730	940	445	495
0 to 17 years	70	40	30	35	15	20	365,025	186,705	178,315	255	135	120
0 to 5 years	35	20	10	5	0	5	120,610	61,615	58,995	80	50	30
18 to 64 years	510	280	230	280	135	145	1,276,910	638,655	638,260	555	255	305
65 years and over	90	35	60	350	120	225	317,425	140,265	177,155	130	60	75
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	30	35	50	15	30	213,720	108,905	104,815	85	45	40
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	5	0	0	29,585	15,165	14,425	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,970	5,080	4,890	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	55	30	30	25	10	15	153,385	81,765	71,620	50	25	25
65 years and over	5	0	5	20	5	15	30,745	11,975	18,775	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	8.0	11.0	7.6	7.0	8.5	10.9	11.3	10.6	9.0	9.6	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.1	8.1	8.1	10.0	10.0	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	8.3	8.3	8.3	5.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	9.5	12.0	9.0	7.0	10.0	12.0	12.8	11.2	8.8	9.5	8.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	x	10.0	6.8	6.0	7.0	9.7	8.5	10.6	8.0	6.0	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	675	360	315	665	275	390	1,959,355	965,630	993,730	940	450	495
In bottom half of the distribution	375	180	195	495	190	300	1,196,770	581,490	615,280	705	330	370
In bottom decile	85	35	45	85	30	55	298,540	147,890	150,655	130	60	70
In second decile	100	45	55	130	45	80	244,435	115,985	128,450	115	50	65
In third decile	70	40	30	135	55	80	240,895	116,550	124,345	195	105	95
In fourth decile	65	30	30	70	30	40	218,125	105,885	112,240	145	70	75
In fifth decile	60	25	30	65	35	35	194,765	95,185	99,580	115	45	65
In top half of the distribution	300	180	115	175	80	90	762,590	384,140	378,450	240	115	125
In sixth decile	70	40	30	55	20	35	172,200	85,100	87,095	55	25	30
In seventh decile	55	35	20	30	15	15	156,540	78,290	78,250	75	35	35
In eighth decile	75	45	30	25	15	10	144,120	72,600	71,525	55	30	25
In ninth decile	55	30	25	30	15	10	134,265	68,285	65,980	25	10	15
In top decile	40	30	10	35	15	20	155,465	79,870	75,595	30	15	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	670	...	...	665	...	...	1,959,355	...	...	940	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316	...	...	0.345	...	...	0.398	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.554	...	...	0.531	...	...	0.476	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.287	...	...	0.335	...	...	0.262	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.4	...	...	4.1	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	670	360	315	660	275	390	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	940	445	495
English only	25	15	10	140	50	90	262,290	133,690	128,600	45	25	15
French only	190	95	100	75	25	55	486,845	221,005	265,840	395	175	220
English and French	450	245	205	445	195	245	1,185,020	600,985	584,040	480	235	245
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,860	18,340	27,520	20	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	670	360	315	660	275	390	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	940	445	495
English	50	30	25	305	130	175	605,220	303,380	301,835	190	95	95
French	600	320	280	310	115	195	1,156,585	564,525	592,065	635	295	340
English and French	20	10	10	45	25	15	173,785	88,480	85,300	95	45	45
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,430	17,640	26,790	20	10	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	670	360	315	660	275	390	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	940	445	495
Single responses	655	345	305	640	260	375	1,836,570	902,045	934,520	855	405	450
Official languages	590	310	275	535	210	325	1,193,295	590,520	602,775	405	200	200
English	25	15	10	240	95	145	322,315	162,085	160,230	80	45	35
French	560	295	265	300	120	180	870,975	428,435	442,540	325	155	170
Non-official languages	65	35	30	100	50	50	643,275	311,525	331,750	450	200	250
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	155	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	80	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	70	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	75	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	145	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	45	140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	35	30	100	50	50	642,820	311,370	331,445	450	200	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	129,195	68,395	60,805	145	75	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,675	8,420	7,250	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,510	7,750	6,760	20	10	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	580	425	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	90	70	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	105	75	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	365	410	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	350	400	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	112,200	59,320	52,880	125	65	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	300	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0	107,605	56,960	50,645	125	65	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	60	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,145	1,650	1,495	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	360	345	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	24,640	11,340	13,300	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,135	2,560	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5	19,905	9,185	10,725	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,505	7,175	11,330	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	70	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	140	210	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	295	470	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	170	305	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,130	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	185	265	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	235	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	125	165	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	85	110	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,350	5,085	8,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,690	16,985	20,705	70	30	40
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	12,185	15,375	55	25	30
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	525	545	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,705	4,110	4,595	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	150	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	13,620	7,090	6,525	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	170	115	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	780	685	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5	10,370	5,155	5,215	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	975	485	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	20	75	35	40	329,415	158,980	170,435	210	85	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,935	955	975	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,105	3,420	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	25	15	15	37,235	16,405	20,835	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	160	275	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	85	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	95	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	25	15	15	36,800	16,245	20,555	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5	3,670	1,715	1,950	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	340	415	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	50	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0	7,520	3,215	4,300	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5	5	0	0	17,695	7,755	9,935	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5	3,130	1,515	1,615	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	185	200	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5	1,570	765	800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	190	305	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	130	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,045	1,290	1,755	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	40	20	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,215	6,910	7,305	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	5,930	6,315	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,995	2,220	2,770	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	145	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,945	3,545	3,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	635	635	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,065	545	520	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	65	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	320	330	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	155	150	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	30	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,080	8,125	8,955	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	5	5	0	68,600	36,145	32,455	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	5	5	0	48,035	25,870	22,165	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,260	4,960	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,940	3,100	2,840	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0	4,270	2,465	1,800	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	225	175	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	175	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,260	10,100	8,160	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	245	230	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,550	3,975	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,550	10,275	10,275	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	205	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,020	545	470	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,950	9,395	9,555	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,025	7,945	8,080	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	845	830	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	30	15	20	183,755	87,295	96,460	185	75	105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	105	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	10	63,560	29,680	33,880	120	45	70
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	19,465	9,245	10,215	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,020	7,070	7,945	5	0	5
Spanish	20	15	10	5	0	5	85,395	41,150	44,250	55	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	570	1,290	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,180	2,845	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,775	6,870	6,905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	365	320	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	195	155	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	620	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	515	630	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	770	945	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	80	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	615	740	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	395	415	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	225	255	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	830	720	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	350	315	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	1,105	1,020	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	200	165	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	130	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	160	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	57,075	26,030	31,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	56,890	25,955	30,935	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	105	155	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10	37,985	17,270	20,715	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	830	1,065	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,185	6,995	8,195	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	470	470	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	15	45	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	755	1,010	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	635	690	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	115	315	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,030	2,910	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	175	105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,300	2,685	2,615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	40	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,420	1,810	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	65	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,310	1,625	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	45	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	5	25	15	15	143,450	71,980	71,470	90	45	45
English and French	10	5	5	15	5	10	42,695	21,750	20,940	20	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	32,265	15,955	16,310	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	5	47,185	23,615	23,570	55	25	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	15,685	8,025	7,655	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,625	2,630	3,000	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	670	360	315	660	275	390	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	940	445	495
English	10	5	10	250	95	155	340,470	170,050	170,425	120	60	60
French	525	275	250	250	100	155	779,125	383,000	396,125	285	135	150
Non-official language	5	5	5	35	20	15	204,395	96,705	107,690	95	40	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	5	5	5	35	20	15	204,315	96,670	107,645	95	40	55
English and French	65	35	30	55	25	30	173,135	89,205	83,935	50	25	20
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	25	15	10	135,390	66,995	68,400	35	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	10	5	10	180,900	85,935	94,965	260	125	135
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	30	15	20	154,470	76,450	78,020	90	40	50
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,130	5,690	6,435	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	670	360	315	660	275	390	1,980,015	974,020	1,005,995	940	445	495
Single responses	640	340	300	625	250	375	1,806,270	888,385	917,885	835	395	440
Official languages	615	325	290	575	225	350	1,435,980	710,425	725,555	615	300	315
English	35	15	15	290	115	170	479,850	239,270	240,580	165	80	85
French	585	310	270	285	110	180	956,130	471,155	484,975	450	215	235
Non-official languages	25	15	10	55	25	30	370,290	177,955	192,335	225	100	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	10	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	45	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	10	55	25	30	370,125	177,895	192,235	225	100	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,095	34,080	32,015	75	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,680	3,190	15	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,385	3,420	2,965	15	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	205	170	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	195	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,585	30,100	28,490	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	145	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,520	29,075	27,445	65	35	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	17,355	8,030	9,325	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,915	1,315	1,595	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5	14,425	6,710	7,720	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	4,620	6,295	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	200	270	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	465	610	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	60	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,240	3,435	4,805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,685	7,840	9,845	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	5,515	7,265	20	10	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,210	1,990	2,220	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,460	5,315	5,145	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	550	485	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,370	4,095	4,270	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	580	315	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	5	30	15	10	188,550	90,370	98,185	110	45	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	545	575	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	15	10	10	21,410	9,870	11,540	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	15	10	10	21,300	9,830	11,475	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5	2,425	1,165	1,265	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	5	3,090	1,355	1,740	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	5	0	5	12,475	5,775	6,700	0	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5	1,445	685	760	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	90	105	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	195	240	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	395	400	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	625	735	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,845	3,535	3,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,370	3,130	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	360	410	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,700	2,995	2,700	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	105	115	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,270	3,715	4,555	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,680	26,200	24,485	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,595	18,850	16,750	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,495	3,730	3,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,960	2,040	1,920	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,560	1,260	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	115	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,920	8,220	6,695	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	125	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,470	2,800	2,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,075	7,345	7,730	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	120	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	410	360	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,770	7,220	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	390	415	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,855	6,225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	530	585	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	10	5	0	95,835	44,515	51,315	100	40	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5	22,105	9,270	12,835	50	20	30
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	4,860	5,500	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,290	4,620	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	5	0	0	54,335	26,035	28,300	40	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	340	500	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,635	2,015	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	55	70	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,365	2,125	2,240	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	175	190	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	100	105	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	240	215	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	200	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	255	325	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	220	255	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	65	30	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	50	80	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	335	285	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	350	250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	175	145	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	95	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	43,570	20,275	23,295	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	43,475	20,230	23,240	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10	30,855	14,425	16,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	505	635	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,470	4,815	5,655	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	270	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	420	480	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	360	385	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	60	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,945	1,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	1,795	1,805	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	60	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	395	535	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	380	520	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	10	35	20	10	173,745	85,640	88,110	100	50	50
English and French	15	10	10	15	10	10	53,305	27,065	26,240	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	5	39,365	19,140	20,225	10	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	57,355	27,790	29,565	70	35	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	21,910	10,810	11,100	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	840	980	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	670	360	315	665	275	390	1,980,015	974,025	1,005,995	940	445	490
None	565	300	270	565	230	335	1,454,735	714,280	740,455	585	280	310
English	50	30	20	30	10	20	131,630	67,290	64,340	45	20	20
French	15	10	5	30	15	15	126,780	62,180	64,600	100	50	50
Non-official language	30	15	15	20	15	10	144,335	69,210	75,130	135	65	70
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	15	20	15	10	144,155	69,135	75,015	135	65	70
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5	34,410	17,320	17,090	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	10	5	5	38,875	19,700	19,180	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	0	0	33,620	16,170	17,450	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,120	2,100	2,025	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	11,505	5,770	5,735	5	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	655	335	320	675	255	425	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	860	410	445
Official languages	655	335	320	670	255	420	1,913,970	947,390	966,575	855	405	445
English	460	245	215	570	230	340	1,435,560	729,670	705,890	445	235	210
French	645	335	305	540	215	330	1,655,330	814,660	840,670	840	405	435
Non-official languages	130	75	55	145	70	80	971,455	471,755	499,700	590	285	305
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	350	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	170	225	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	110	175	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	110	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	60	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	35	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	85	275	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	85	275	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	55	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	50	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	75	55	145	70	80	970,710	471,495	499,220	590	285	305
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,295	113,605	103,690	245	125	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,100	12,860	11,245	55	25	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,780	11,590	10,195	55	25	25
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	1,140	915	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	290	270	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	675	565	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	380	215	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	350	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	415	385	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	555	625	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,120	107,210	97,905	225	115	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	435	445	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	188,115	98,545	89,565	225	115	110
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	100	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	75	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,440	8,520	7,920	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	400	420	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	50	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,680	15,395	17,290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,045	3,265	3,785	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	12,400	13,760	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	11,470	17,675	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	95	150	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	230	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	480	905	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	340	565	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,350	1,395	1,950	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	395	505	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	420	435	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	330	345	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	180	215	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,940	9,975	15,965	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	445	595	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,295	34,775	41,520	150	65	85
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,895	30,695	37,205	140	65	75
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	80	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,280	5,760	6,520	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	705	895	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	9,760	9,020	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	415	310	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	1,060	965	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,560	7,265	7,300	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,670	905	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	80	95	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	55	40	80	35	50	514,485	250,190	264,295	180	95	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,600	1,315	1,285	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	4,080	4,575	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,700	23,530	27,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	280	425	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	160	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	170	260	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,190	23,320	26,870	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	75	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,515	2,155	2,360	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	590	675	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	100	160	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,130	4,475	5,650	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,515	13,855	15,655	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	2,025	2,075	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	335	380	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	935	950	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	1,025	1,080	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	340	455	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	185	255	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	2,635	3,310	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	135	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	85	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	10	10	0	35,095	17,750	17,345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	0	10	10	0	31,565	16,090	15,470	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0	21,270	10,840	10,435	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	155	230	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,330	5,310	5,020	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,655	1,335	1,325	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,075	1,055	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	920	945	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	250	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	220	180	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	530	500	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,065	12,045	13,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,140	48,390	42,750	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,760	36,130	30,625	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,405	6,905	6,495	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	4,710	4,130	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,090	15,325	12,765	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	115	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	115	85	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	500	420	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	305	255	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,595	14,160	11,445	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	585	475	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,905	7,015	5,890	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	350	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,080	12,635	12,445	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	505	345	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,300	690	600	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,195	11,620	11,575	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	770	740	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,455	9,730	9,725	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,220	1,180	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	30	80	30	50	324,695	154,360	170,340	165	85	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	445	335	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	35	15	20	107,285	51,300	55,985	105	55	50
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0	31,125	15,545	15,585	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,785	8,935	9,850	0	0	0
Spanish	70	35	30	55	20	30	193,835	91,345	102,490	75	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	265	210	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	60	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,275	2,525	2,755	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,420	2,780	3,645	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	85	155	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,295	16,860	16,435	15	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	895	750	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	805	785	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	560	400	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,810	1,525	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	165	90	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	0	40	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	310	225	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925	910	1,020	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,495	3,995	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	235	300	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	345	285	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	75	45	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	170	100	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	310	155	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	35	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,575	1,800	1,780	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	510	495	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,145	2,255	1,890	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,295	1,145	1,150	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,345	3,800	3,545	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	400	320	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	400	315	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	435	230	205	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	895	1,280	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	230	405	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,370	530	845	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	230	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	10	10	68,485	31,760	36,720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	10	10	68,285	31,685	36,595	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10	51,885	23,845	28,040	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,270	1,690	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	385	465	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,115	9,630	11,485	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	505	450	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	65	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	10	65	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,870	1,280	1,585	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,040	990	1,055	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	415	725	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,185	5,370	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	390	260	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,630	4,905	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	105	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	85	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,620	2,020	2,600	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	145	170	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,130	1,805	2,325	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	230	220	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	655	340	320	675	255	420	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	860	415	445
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	16,675	7,720	8,955	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10	0	10	0	0	0	15,520	7,185	8,335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	3,955	4,795	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	0	0	0	0	6,085	3,020	3,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	685	210	475	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	165	185	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	645	335	310	675	255	420	1,942,680	957,955	984,730	860	415	445
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	655	340	320	675	255	420	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	860	415	445
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,805	1,730	2,070	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	655	340	320	675	255	420	1,955,555	963,940	991,615	860	415	445
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Owner	240	...	...	50	...	...	360,125	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	200	...	...	385	...	...	550,240	...	...	260	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Condominium	240	...	...	0	...	...	192,985	...	...	50	...	...
Not condominium	195	...	...	435	...	...	717,375	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	19,730	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	195	...	...	195	...	...	267,715	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	205	...	...	195	...	...	303,875	...	...	170	...	...
3 bedrooms	35	...	...	35	...	...	220,945	...	...	115	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...	98,090	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	345	...	...	385	...	...	501,570	...	...	190	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	10	...	...	166,230	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	0	...	...	78,495	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	58,850	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	30	...	...	105,210	...	...	30	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.7	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
One person or fewer per room	440	...	...	430	...	...	881,730	...	...	320	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	28,630	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Suitable	420	...	...	425	...	...	834,885	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	10	...	...	75,475	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
1960 or before	155	...	...	70	...	...	325,005	...	...	50	...	...
1961 to 1980	60	...	...	260	...	...	282,605	...	...	225	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	90	...	...	101,185	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	0	...	...	63,765	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	40	...	...	0	...	...	32,875	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	45	...	...	0	...	...	35,320	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	0	...	...	0	...	...	37,590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	390	...	...	405	...	...	833,540	...	...	315	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	25	...	...	76,815	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
One-maintainer household	320	...	...	340	...	...	543,605	...	...	195	...	...
Two-maintainer household	100	...	...	95	...	...	333,140	...	...	110	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	0	...	...	33,620	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0	...	...	40,960	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...	15	...	...	162,375	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	130	...	...	35	...	...	171,535	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	40	...	...	155,520	...	...	85	...	...
55 to 64 years	65	...	...	85	...	...	156,865	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	130	...	...	122,825	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	85	...	...	70,345	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	50	...	...	29,930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	435	...	...	435	...	...	902,485	...	...	325	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	325	...	...	280	...	...	686,075	...	...	250	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	115	...	...	150	...	...	216,410	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	100	...	...	150	...	...	189,795	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	440	...	...	435	...	...	910,360	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	155	...	...	170	...	...	330,635	...	...	125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	95	...	...	130	...	...	186,350	...	...	65	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	10	...	...	56,480	...	...	40	...	...
Major repairs needed only	25	...	...	10	...	...	50,745	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,995	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	20	...	...	18,075	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	7,005	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	995	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	280	...	...	265	...	...	579,720	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	425	...	...	435	...	...	875,865	...	...	320	...	...
In core need	60	...	...	95	...	...	87,945	...	...	45	...	...
Not in core need	360	...	...	340	...	...	787,925	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	240	...	...	50	...	...	360,120	...	...	70	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	79.2	...	...	50.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	57.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.6	...	...	0.0	...	...	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	3.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	720	...	...	1,370	...	...	1,310	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	1,600	...	...	1,572	...	...	1,650	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	650,000	...	...	544,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	352,000	...	...	660,000	...	...	638,000	...	...	740,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	200	...	...	385	...	...	550,235	...	...	260	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.5	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.5	...	...	39.0	...	...	28.4	...	...	21.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	27.8	...	...	24.7	...	...	14.6	...	...	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	820	...	...	920	...	...	890	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	924	...	...	987	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	660	335	320	680	255	420	1,959,360	965,670	993,685	860	415	450
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,035	3,985	5,050	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,845	3,910	4,935	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,365	4,125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	400	530	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	145	280	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	75	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	25	70	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	20	10	0	15	10	0	30,345	13,805	16,540	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	20	10	0	15	10	0	30,095	13,720	16,370	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	0	15	10	0	27,000	12,340	14,660	10	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,710	1,265	1,450	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	115	260	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	80	175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	70	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	625	320	305	660	245	420	1,919,975	947,880	972,095	850	410	440
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	660	335	320	675	255	420	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	855	410	445
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	590	290	300	665	255	405	1,645,945	805,140	840,805	710	350	360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	50	35	10	35	20	15	322,965	164,980	157,985	240	110	125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	545	250	285	625	235	395	1,322,980	640,160	682,820	480	240	240
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	65	50	20	15	0	15	313,410	160,530	152,885	145	65	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	660	335	320	675	255	420	1,959,355	965,670	993,690	855	410	445
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	535	260	275	570	210	365	1,168,390	576,340	592,055	430	225	205
Immigrants⁸¹	100	65	35	100	45	55	652,730	313,955	338,770	395	170	225
Before 1980	10	0	0	30	10	20	108,265	50,530	57,735	45	15	30
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	10	0	0	69,695	34,150	35,545	20	0	15
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	25	15	10	106,810	50,520	56,290	50	25	20
2001 to 2010	20	0	10	35	15	25	154,780	74,520	80,255	135	65	65
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	45	20	0	0	0	213,175	104,225	108,950	145	55	90
2011 to 2015	35	25	10	0	0	0	99,070	48,005	51,065	80	35	45
2016 to 2021	25	15	10	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	70	20	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	20	10	0	0	0	138,240	75,380	62,860	35	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	95	65	35	105	45	60	652,725	313,955	338,770	395	170	225
Under 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,990	26,810	26,180	40	10	30
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	25	10	15	103,285	51,965	51,320	65	30	35
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	25	15	15	118,475	53,035	65,440	40	10	30
25 to 44 years	70	40	30	45	15	30	326,320	158,620	167,700	230	105	125
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,660	23,520	28,140	15	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	95	65	35	105	45	60	652,725	313,955	338,770	395	170	225
Americas	30	15	10	35	15	20	137,955	63,465	74,485	160	65	90
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,275	1,995	2,280	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	0	8,885	4,105	4,780	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,365	3,235	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,675	780	895	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,570	21,555	27,015	125	55	65
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,280	1,315	1,965	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	10	0	10	8,940	4,350	4,585	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,165	3,245	3,925	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,640	1,160	1,475	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	15	0	0	12,515	6,350	6,170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	15	0	33,410	15,245	18,160	30	10	15
Europe	60	40	20	15	10	10	158,795	76,610	82,190	45	15	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	430	420	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	915	475	440	0	0	0
France	50	30	20	0	0	0	42,245	22,305	19,935	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,650	3,920	4,725	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,990	935	1,060	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,485	15,325	17,165	35	15	15
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,545	3,485	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,720	4,425	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,970	5,495	6,470	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,050	2,865	4,180	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	410	435	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,385	2,345	3,035	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,570	3,050	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,205	10,115	11,095	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10	152,205	77,515	74,690	175	85	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,925	23,280	21,640	85	40	50
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,190	2,855	3,335	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,245	6,195	6,045	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	250	250	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	345	400	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,215	18,545	18,670	55	25	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,435	770	660	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	360	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,705	23,260	25	15	10
Asia	0	0	0	35	15	15	202,715	95,775	106,935	15	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	630	625	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,990	6,835	7,160	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,125	1,020	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,215	10,625	9,585	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,495	6,815	6,680	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,240	2,250	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	0	15	32,815	14,710	18,100	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,400	1,525	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,485	1,915	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	660	935	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,690	9,580	15,105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,570	7,995	9,575	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,255	3,655	3,605	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,345	8,895	8,455	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,560	3,485	3,075	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,850	3,865	3,990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,115	11,780	13,335	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	20	10	0	0	0	114,110	56,220	57,885	65	20	45
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,945	8,160	8,785	30	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,235	515	715	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	615	775	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,550	2,740	2,815	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	80	65	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	745	665	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,380	1,245	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	960	355	600	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,715	1,905	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0	19,140	9,995	9,145	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	0	12,165	6,530	5,635	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	150	130	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	45	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	270	180	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	295	490	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	390	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	355	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,955	2,030	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,195	17,970	18,225	40	15	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,255	5,020	5,235	30	0	20
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	395	340	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,675	1,795	1,880	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	665	850	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,720	855	865	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	850	750	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	145	125	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,600	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	400	310	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,820	1,695	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,265	3,205	3,060	15	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,495	19,890	21,600	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	100	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	470	515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,885	3,020	3,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,325	3,365	2,960	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,395	1,685	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	180	130	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	130	125	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	55	140	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	195	215	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	380	535	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	990	825	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	110	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	590	555	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,655	2,840	3,815	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	595	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	220	305	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,485	3,375	3,115	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	690	340	350	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	460	620	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	725	995	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	205	130	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	140	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	655	340	320	675	255	425	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	860	410	445
First generation¹⁰⁰	125	85	45	110	45	65	813,905	400,325	413,580	435	195	240
Second generation¹⁰¹	90	40	45	120	55	65	424,225	212,755	211,475	295	155	140
Third generation or more¹⁰²	440	210	230	450	155	295	721,230	352,590	368,630	125	65	60
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	90	60	30	75	30	40	544,455	263,425	281,040	345	155	195
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	60	45	20	50	25	25	303,105	155,090	148,020	160	90	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	35	20	20	15	0	151,015	87,200	63,815	95	60	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	10	10	0	30	10	20	152,090	67,890	84,205	65	30	40
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	15	10	10	0	10	146,645	59,645	87,000	105	25	80
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	15	10	0	85,165	44,145	41,025	75	35	40
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,540	4,545	4,995	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	90	60	30	75	30	40	544,455	263,425	281,040	345	155	195
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,655	28,340	25,310	60	35	30
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	25	15	0	0	0	56,685	26,490	30,195	15	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,690	7,070	6,620	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,800	15,470	12,330	10	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,820	2,035	2,785	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	45	30	10	60	25	30	387,815	184,015	203,795	255	105	150
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	655	340	320	675	255	420	1,959,355	965,675	993,685	860	415	445
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	60	40	20	75	40	35	737,510	363,785	373,725	485	225	260
South Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,370	48,660	42,710	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	30	10	15	69,985	32,190	37,795	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	10	0	0	208,805	101,125	107,680	220	100	120
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,365	14,085	19,275	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,890	79,375	72,515	190	105	85
Latin American	30	20	10	20	10	15	82,550	40,580	41,970	55	15	45
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,535	19,270	21,265	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,800	11,365	11,435	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,755	3,025	3,730	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,165	1,265	1,900	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,185	3,325	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,790	9,660	10,125	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	600	300	300	600	215	385	1,221,845	601,890	619,960	375	190	185
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	660	335	320	675	255	425	1,959,355	965,670	993,685	855	410	445
Canadian	140	55	85	110	40	65	241,015	115,880	125,135	55	20	40
English	15	0	10	40	15	25	59,710	30,025	29,685	30	15	15
Irish	60	40	25	105	40	65	102,325	48,885	53,440	15	0	15
Scottish	25	10	15	65	20	40	61,620	29,560	32,065	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	260	145	115	160	75	85	336,880	169,710	167,170	50	30	15
German	10	0	10	35	10	30	40,360	19,305	21,050	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	15	0	10	74,630	34,410	40,220	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	15	80	25	55	156,025	76,485	79,535	115	65	50
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	23,435	20,735	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	0	15	19,025	9,095	9,930	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,425	4,145	4,285	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,540	16,340	17,200	0	0	0
Québécois	70	35	35	45	20	25	108,910	54,650	54,260	20	10	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	20	0	15	17,025	8,610	8,415	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,035	13,555	18,475	0	0	0
French Canadian	55	25	30	20	0	15	66,400	31,740	34,655	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	10	0	10	22,690	11,705	10,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	10	10	0	0	0	16,815	7,630	9,185	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,795	2,180	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,895	13,510	13,380	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	10	0	0	0	28,610	13,415	15,195	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,405	1,525	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10	5,170	2,590	2,580	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10	0	0	0	25,490	12,445	13,045	0	0	0
American	10	0	0	0	0	0	14,530	7,235	7,300	0	0	0
Spanish	15	15	0	25	0	15	35,975	17,775	18,200	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,480	1,715	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	5,830	6,335	0	0	0
Acadian	20	15	0	10	0	10	12,695	5,780	6,915	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,350	5,580	4,770	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,410	17,485	17,930	20	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	0	47,415	23,905	23,515	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,510	3,905	2,605	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,910	13,890	15,015	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,950	30,125	26,830	85	35	40
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,345	16,475	16,865	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,170	3,695	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,560	5,450	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	375	480	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	3,145	3,820	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,785	10,470	11,320	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,445	18,790	17,650	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,805	8,760	9,045	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,200	6,500	6,700	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	1,830	2,105	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,095	1,835	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,440	2,670	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,360	6,180	6,180	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	82,590	38,735	43,855	145	65	80
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,600	3,690	2,910	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	0	0	0	16,720	8,350	8,370	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	215	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,235	3,285	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,335	555	780	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,775	4,360	4,420	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,910	1,425	1,485	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,325	1,805	2,525	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,100	975	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,570	1,125	1,445	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,545	785	760	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,200	4,885	4,320	30	10	15
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,840	8,750	8,090	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,270	6,770	6,500	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,565	2,610	2,955	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	260	205	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	0	0	0	0	12,570	5,960	6,615	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,795	22,825	21,970	45	30	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,180	1,480	1,700	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,220	7,940	8,280	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	930	1,015	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,125	980	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,980	3,835	4,140	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,105	1,150	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	135	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	265	225	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	520	630	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	430	500	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,920	3,175	2,740	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,510	1,835	1,675	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,430	4,670	4,755	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	940	305	635	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,620	4,465	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,695	21,670	20,025	60	35	25
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,115	3,415	3,695	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,105	970	1,125	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,180	6,320	6,860	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	950	1,040	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,330	2,520	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	550	620	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,220	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,355	1,250	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,285	4,495	4,790	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,650	2,535	3,115	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,030	905	1,130	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,005	2,135	1,870	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,325	2,255	3,075	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	925	965	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	900	1,255	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,410	1,705	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	280	315	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,225	2,220	2,005	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,405	3,155	3,250	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,140	4,915	5,225	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	255	315	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,775	1,690	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,000	4,155	4,845	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	1,055	910	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,015	4,250	4,765	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,455	10,885	9,570	40	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,770	1,415	1,355	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	240	180	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	200	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	520	630	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,380	1,085	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	475	485	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,145	620	525	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	305	320	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	745	700	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,435	2,850	2,585	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,560	700	860	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	325	410	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,915	2,350	2,565	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,105	960	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,440	1,500	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	875	900	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	510	445	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,345	6,770	5,580	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	740	875	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,040	2,055	1,990	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	300	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,235	1,900	2,335	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	725	955	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,725	1,840	1,890	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,890	3,435	3,455	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,005	2,605	2,400	25	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170	530	645	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,605	1,320	1,290	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,285	625	660	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	210	205	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	355	365	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	595	705	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	785	405	380	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,065	1,550	1,520	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	285	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	895	675	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	230	230	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	405	380	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,740	1,445	1,295	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	440	815	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,590	2,950	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	275	210	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,165	5,780	5,380	30	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	195	280	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	375	260	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,360	690	670	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	50	60	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	795	1,000	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,880	1,965	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	540	660	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	190	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	180	180	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0	3,980	1,885	2,095	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	220	195	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,070	3,225	2,845	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	675	805	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	45	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	345	450	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	740	900	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,915	950	970	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,650	1,820	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	15	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	60	85	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,185	1,045	1,140	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,320	650	670	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,185	990	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	105	135	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	945	1,440	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	510	400	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	55	65	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,025	1,225	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	410	630	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	210	180	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	185	210	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,770	915	850	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,345	1,075	1,265	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	125	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	155	180	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	75	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,610	1,600	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	555	530	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	275	230	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	160	185	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,755	865	890	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	120	95	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	650	295	355	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	315	415	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	145	180	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,250	1,155	1,095	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	100	100	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	620	340	280	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	685	765	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	345	315	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	570	525	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	510	365	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	520	380	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	125	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,470	1,305	1,165	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,420	1,335	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	120	185	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	75	140	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,200	900	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	130	55	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	350	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	120	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,680	795	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	70	45	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	70	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	155	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	50	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	40	60	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	655	340	320	675	255	420	1,959,360	965,675	993,685	860	415	445
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,350	12,580	15,775	0	0	0
Christian	285	150	140	550	200	345	969,945	451,410	518,540	490	205	280
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	10	20	50	20	30	116,635	55,545	61,090	80	20	60
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	120	160	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	40	15	20	14,835	6,640	8,190	0	0	0
Baptist	15	0	10	0	0	0	12,890	5,955	6,940	25	10	10
Catholic	235	125	110	395	140	255	675,695	314,690	361,010	270	110	155
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,635	32,680	35,950	20	10	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	2,890	4,335	20	15	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	555	665	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,000	1,255	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,055	495	560	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	15	10	0	16,130	6,980	9,150	30	15	15
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,910	1,850	2,065	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	180	230	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	15	0	15	6,810	2,800	4,005	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	25	20	10	41,965	19,030	22,935	35	15	20
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	19,215	16,405	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,900	36,055	37,840	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	20	0	10	233,440	121,145	112,290	295	150	140
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,820	9,590	8,225	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	80	135	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,925	4,610	5,315	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	365	190	175	95	45	55	590,140	310,985	279,165	75	55	25
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	655	335	315	670	250	420	1,940,495	956,130	984,365	845	400	440
Non-movers	510	245	265	625	235	395	1,685,130	826,630	858,500	740	355	390
Movers	140	90	50	45	15	25	255,365	129,500	125,865	105	50	55
Non-migrants	120	75	45	35	10	25	186,805	94,745	92,055	65	35	30
Migrants	20	15	0	0	0	0	68,560	34,750	33,810	40	15	25
Internal migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	37,680	18,795	18,885	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	27,865	13,660	14,205	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,810	5,130	4,680	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,885	15,960	14,925	30	15	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	630	325	315	670	250	415	1,860,375	915,410	944,970	790	370	420
Non-movers	275	125	155	430	165	265	1,038,900	502,160	536,740	465	225	235
Movers	355	195	155	235	85	150	821,475	413,250	408,230	330	150	180
Non-migrants	260	140	120	175	75	100	433,700	216,030	217,670	225	110	115
Migrants	100	60	45	65	15	50	387,770	197,215	190,560	100	40	70
Internal migrants	65	35	30	55	15	40	190,035	93,955	96,075	15	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	55	35	25	50	15	40	159,710	78,770	80,940	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,325	15,190	15,135	0	0	0
External migrants	35	20	15	10	0	10	197,735	103,260	94,485	85	35	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	610	300	310	655	240	410	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	620	295	325
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	75	25	55	160	80	80	274,820	136,500	138,320	130	60	75
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	535	280	250	500	160	335	1,375,315	671,055	704,255	490	235	255
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	270	230	270	105	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	455	215	240
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	15	15	35	25	0	121,295	65,950	55,345	60	25	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	470	255	215	235	75	155	975,700	481,690	494,005	390	190	200
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	615	305	305	655	245	415	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	300	325
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	20	55	150	70	80	247,460	120,840	126,625	120	55	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	90	55	35	245	80	165	319,755	162,520	157,240	125	55	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	450	230	220	260	90	165	1,082,915	524,200	558,715	375	185	190
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	105	110	140	55	85	473,060	232,855	240,210	200	90	110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	20	30	65	30	30	146,170	81,740	64,425	90	35	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	15	30	40	25	20	106,110	54,025	52,085	65	20	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	20	10	15	40,055	27,715	12,340	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	110	50	60	70	20	50	260,845	122,345	138,495	80	35	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	25	20	10	0	10	66,045	28,760	37,285	30	20	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	240	125	110	115	35	75	609,855	291,355	318,505	175	95	80
Bachelor's degree	145	75	70	70	15	55	344,605	160,320	184,285	135	70	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	20	0	0	0	58,945	27,280	31,665	25	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	10	0	16,885	8,385	8,500	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	40	20	30	10	25	159,510	78,325	81,190	15	0	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	29,905	17,040	12,865	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	505	275	235	270	105	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	450	215	235
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	10	20	30	25	10	102,815	55,805	47,015	55	25	35
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	60	45	15	100	25	75	162,205	88,420	73,785	65	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	410	215	195	140	60	80	831,975	403,420	428,555	330	160	170
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	90	95	75	30	45	333,160	167,260	165,895	170	75	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	25	25	40	20	25	110,390	60,690	49,700	75	25	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	15	25	25	15	15	81,090	40,585	40,505	55	15	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	10	0	15	0	0	29,300	20,105	9,195	20	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	105	45	60	25	0	25	174,185	84,745	89,445	65	25	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	10	10	0	0	48,580	21,830	26,755	30	25	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	225	125	105	65	35	35	498,815	236,155	262,665	155	85	70
Bachelor's degree	140	75	65	40	15	25	276,640	128,890	147,745	115	60	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	0	0	0	48,390	21,995	26,395	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	10	10	0	12,900	5,750	7,150	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	40	20	20	10	15	137,150	66,720	70,430	10	10	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,795	10,935	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	610	305	305	655	245	415	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	620	295	325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	165	75	85	400	150	250	567,220	283,355	283,860	250	110	135
Education	15	0	0	25	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10
13. Education	15	0	0	25	0	25	56,030	12,985	43,045	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	10	0	10	69,210	32,705	36,505	20	20	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,075	5,620	2,455	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	20	10	0	10	61,135	27,085	34,045	10	10	0
Humanities	35	10	30	45	15	35	78,920	30,815	48,110	15	10	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	15	0	15	15,135	3,710	11,430	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,800	2,825	5,970	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	20	10	10	28,165	11,870	16,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	325	605	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,980	2,035	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	10	0	10	2,225	1,440	780	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,655	3,160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,835	4,005	7,835	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	45	35	25	0	15	157,220	58,185	99,040	45	15	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	640	1,510	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	15	0	0	0	0	23,760	8,265	15,495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,245	2,110	16,130	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	28,365	11,670	16,690	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,005	1,235	2,770	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	0	0	0	21,400	5,075	16,330	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,185	30,110	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	65	35	30	40	15	25	248,895	110,950	137,945	125	50	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0	0	0	11,535	2,785	8,745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	35	20	40	15	25	237,125	108,040	129,090	125	50	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	0	0	0	57,445	29,770	27,670	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,060	9,475	13,585	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,610	4,945	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,735	2,620	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	16,655	10,925	5,725	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	1,025	800	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	10	0	0	65,435	46,010	19,420	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	0	0	0	53,075	39,595	13,480	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	895	2,825	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	4,425	2,695	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	1,095	425	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	70	60	10	35	35	0	173,380	143,615	29,765	70	60	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	13,085	7,045	6,040	0	0	0
14. Engineering	30	30	0	0	0	0	78,800	61,515	17,290	30	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	10	10	0	27,365	23,480	3,885	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	10	10	0	21,310	20,295	1,010	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	20,645	19,920	730	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,110	11,340	775	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0	0	0	11,685	5,720	5,960	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	3,820	3,900	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0	0	0	3,960	1,895	2,060	0	0	0
Health and related fields	60	15	45	55	15	45	122,295	30,795	91,495	25	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,950	3,490	3,460	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	55	15	45	55	15	40	109,185	24,140	85,045	25	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	3,060	2,865	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	10	15	0	10	42,230	22,590	19,640	20	10	15
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	10	10	0	0	26,800	9,745	17,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	170	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,855	5,225	1,630	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	7,410	945	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	55	125	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	505	270	230	265	105	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	450	215	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	55	40	130	45	85	265,025	144,230	120,800	125	55	65
Education	10	0	0	10	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10
13. Education	10	0	0	10	0	10	38,405	8,860	29,545	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	0	0	0	54,840	26,500	28,340	20	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	4,630	2,005	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	20	0	0	0	48,205	21,870	26,335	0	0	0
Humanities	35	10	25	10	0	10	52,565	20,765	31,805	15	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,310	2,805	8,510	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	2,100	4,365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	10	0	10	16,385	7,290	9,100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	205	415	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	2,150	1,455	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,295	890	405	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,920	2,660	5,255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	40	35	10	10	0	121,985	44,105	77,880	40	15	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,715	520	1,190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	15	0	10	10	0	20,165	6,920	13,245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,380	1,525	12,850	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	22,425	8,630	13,785	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0	0	0	2,935	915	2,020	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	0	0	0	15,795	3,645	12,150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,580	21,945	22,635	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	60	30	30	30	15	15	199,525	87,920	111,600	115	50	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,920	2,215	6,705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	30	25	30	15	15	190,410	85,600	104,810	115	50	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	0	0	0	37,905	19,350	18,560	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,535	7,670	10,860	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,885	2,570	2,310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	765	625	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0	11,860	7,610	4,250	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	735	510	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	10	0	0	53,860	38,275	15,590	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	0	0	0	45,135	33,805	11,335	20	10	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	635	1,915	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	3,140	2,040	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	690	305	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	65	55	10	25	25	0	137,395	112,025	25,370	55	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0	10,855	5,700	5,155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	30	30	0	0	0	0	66,210	51,090	15,115	25	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	0	0	10	10	0	20,510	17,545	2,955	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0	16,030	15,195	835	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,275	14,660	615	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,455	7,805	650	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0	0	0	9,845	4,635	5,210	10	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,415	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0	0	0	3,380	1,585	1,795	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	10	30	45	15	30	92,595	23,265	69,330	30	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,570	2,765	2,805	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	40	10	30	35	15	25	82,410	18,370	64,045	30	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	75	115	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,055	2,370	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	10	0	10	32,910	17,695	15,220	15	10	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,670	7,455	13,220	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	95	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,410	4,150	1,260	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,695	5,960	735	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	30	110	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	505	270	230	265	105	165	1,097,000	547,645	549,355	450	215	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	55	40	130	45	85	265,025	144,230	120,800	125	55	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	415	220	195	140	60	80	831,975	403,415	428,560	325	160	170
Location of study inside Canada	325	165	160	130	55	80	598,455	286,340	312,115	180	85	95
Same as province or territory of residence	315	165	150	130	55	80	566,540	270,160	296,380	180	85	95
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	0	0	0	0	31,915	16,180	15,735	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	90	50	35	10	0	0	233,520	117,075	116,445	145	75	70
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,560	21,015	20,550	35	20	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	7,585	5,945	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,165	2,400	2,770	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,830	2,325	35	20	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,100	1,950	2,150	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,860	1,790	2,065	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	775	1,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,255	2,595	0	0	0
Europe	70	50	25	0	0	0	74,705	39,515	35,190	10	0	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	950	920	0	0	0
France	40	30	10	0	0	0	43,480	23,805	19,675	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,240	665	575	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	300	225	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	610	475	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	125	105	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,030	1,125	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	345	620	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,030	2,045	1,975	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,350	1,615	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	225	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,815	3,140	2,680	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,460	820	640	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	50	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,870	2,905	2,965	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,645	26,790	23,860	100	50	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	740	690	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,530	10,160	9,370	55	25	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,845	5,080	4,765	20	0	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,725	2,660	2,060	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,655	1,900	1,760	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	165	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,115	6,080	5,030	25	15	10
Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0	65,125	28,945	36,180	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,280	3,745	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	210	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	480	465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,465	1,630	1,830	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	475	350	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,220	5,865	7,360	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	130	150	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	330	575	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	560	1,065	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,585	3,395	7,190	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	445	780	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,070	1,095	980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	275	445	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,915	5,585	5,330	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,410	705	705	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	1,925	2,310	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	820	660	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	665	545	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	615	305	310	655	245	415	1,650,135	807,560	842,575	625	300	325
In the labour force	420	245	175	230	85	145	1,081,640	561,340	520,295	435	230	205
Employed	390	235	160	190	65	125	971,245	502,885	468,360	390	200	190
Unemployed	25	0	15	30	10	20	110,395	58,460	51,935	45	30	15
Not in the labour force	195	60	135	430	160	270	568,495	246,215	322,280	180	65	120
Participation rate	68.3	80.3	56.5	35.1	34.7	34.9	65.5	69.5	61.8	69.6	76.7	63.1
Employment rate	63.4	77.0	51.6	29.0	26.5	30.1	58.9	62.3	55.6	62.4	66.7	58.5
Unemployment rate	6.0	0.0	8.6	13.0	11.8	13.8	10.2	10.4	10.0	10.3	13.0	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	610	305	305	655	245	415	1,650,135	807,555	842,580	620	295	325
Did not work¹⁸⁶	180	50	130	415	155	255	582,470	253,075	329,400	205	70	140
Worked	435	255	180	245	90	155	1,067,665	554,490	513,175	415	225	190
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	235	150	85	115	50	60	529,400	287,950	241,450	195	100	95
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	195	100	90	130	35	90	538,265	266,540	271,725	220	125	95
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	43.4	39.2	37.4	39.6	36.4	39.7	40.2	39.3	39.7	38.6	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	415	245	175	225	85	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	235	205
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	15	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	400	240	165	210	75	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	225	200
Employee	360	205	155	175	60	120	907,745	457,830	449,915	380	190	190
Permanent position	295	170	125	155	50	110	741,830	380,445	361,385	315	170	145
Temporary position	65	35	30	20	10	10	165,915	77,385	88,530	65	25	40
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	15	10	10	10	0	69,690	31,285	38,405	30	15	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	40	25	20	10	0	0	96,225	46,100	50,120	40	15	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	35	10	35	15	15	142,380	88,145	54,230	45	35	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	415	245	175	225	85	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	235	205
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	15	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	400	240	165	210	75	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	225	200
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	19,090	13,485	5,600	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	100	50	55	70	15	55	207,660	79,975	127,685	90	30	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	65	50	15	10	10	0	114,775	85,780	28,990	15	10	0
3 Health occupations	20	10	10	35	0	20	85,545	21,700	63,845	35	15	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	75	30	45	20	0	20	140,500	46,385	94,115	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	30	10	0	0	0	61,790	31,615	30,175	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	60	35	30	40	15	30	263,055	135,300	127,750	160	90	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	25	20	0	109,555	99,115	10,440	65	60	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,775	4,415	1,355	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,380	28,195	14,185	20	10	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	415	245	175	225	85	140	1,081,635	561,345	520,295	440	235	205
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	15	0	10	15	0	10	31,515	15,365	16,150	10	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	400	240	165	210	75	140	1,050,120	545,980	504,150	430	225	200
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,250	1,910	1,340	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	910	440	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	10	0	0	0	5,585	3,470	2,110	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	20	0	20	10	0	37,460	31,570	5,890	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	10	10	0	86,535	58,295	28,235	50	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	15	0	10	15	10	10	42,365	25,230	17,140	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	15	15	0	25	10	15	111,555	56,180	55,375	50	20	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	15	10	0	56,160	43,355	12,805	30	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0	0	0	0	43,110	26,250	16,865	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	30	15	10	10	0	10	53,430	27,205	26,225	40	15	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	0	0	0	20,440	11,820	8,615	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	85	65	25	30	10	20	130,405	75,750	54,655	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,130	1,045	1,080	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	15	0	10	49,530	29,800	19,735	60	40	15
61 Educational services	50	30	20	15	0	15	95,290	34,510	60,780	35	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	70	20	50	45	0	35	142,545	36,095	106,450	55	15	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10	0	0	0	23,355	12,045	11,315	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	0	10	0	0	59,510	32,125	27,380	15	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	10	0	0	0	43,990	17,935	26,050	25	15	10
91 Public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,120	20,455	21,665	20	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	440	260	185	265	90	175	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	445	235	205
English	20	15	0	45	10	35	201,310	110,165	91,150	10	10	0
French	225	120	100	55	25	35	416,430	206,170	210,265	285	150	135
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,105	4,035	4,075	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	4,035	4,065	0	0	0
English and French	175	105	75	140	45	90	473,485	249,700	223,785	140	70	65
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,600	7,050	5,545	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,410	3,530	3,880	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	10	0	10	28,645	14,450	14,195	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	280	170	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	440	260	185	265	90	175	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	445	235	205
Single responses	405	240	165	225	80	145	1,022,255	529,440	492,820	400	215	185
Official languages	405	240	160	220	80	140	1,007,600	522,060	485,540	400	210	185
English	55	40	15	105	35	70	361,715	194,885	166,835	20	15	0
French	350	205	145	115	40	75	645,885	327,180	318,705	375	205	180
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,660	7,380	7,285	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,625	7,380	7,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	790	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	780	650	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	550	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	100	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	475	600	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	100	110	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,880	3,515	3,370	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	60	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	220	455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	30	75	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	165	320	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	405	450	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	385	430	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	55	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	325	375	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	65	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	1,070	835	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	860	690	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	705	495	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	185	140	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	165	135	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,690	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	105	170	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	70	45	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,335	1,090	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	25	110	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	115	165	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,935	2,055	1,875	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,645	1,430	1,215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	595	620	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	40	10	30	126,180	65,940	60,240	40	15	25
English and French	35	15	20	35	10	25	116,535	60,925	55,605	40	15	25
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,595	2,065	1,530	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,450	1,125	1,320	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,555	1,810	1,750	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	35	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	440	260	185	265	90	175	1,148,440	595,375	553,060	445	235	205
None	280	150	130	135	40	95	743,180	381,875	361,305	340	180	160
English	120	75	45	65	20	45	219,885	116,455	103,430	90	50	40
French	25	15	10	55	25	35	149,470	78,495	70,975	10	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,685	7,960	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,555	8,655	7,900	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	595	675	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,295	4,530	4,765	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,620	3,610	3,005	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,035	865	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	390	235	160	195	70	125	971,245	502,885	468,360	390	200	190
Worked at home	155	85	65	25	10	15	298,820	151,335	147,485	85	40	45
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,270	2,060	1,205	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	40	30	10	25	20	0	89,120	62,795	26,325	55	40	15
Usual place of work	200	115	85	150	45	105	580,035	286,695	293,340	250	125	130
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	200	120	85	150	40	105	580,035	286,695	293,340	250	120	130
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	175	90	80	110	30	80	427,475	202,010	225,465	220	100	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	20	0	20	91,735	47,670	44,070	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	15	0	20	10	0	58,865	35,690	23,175	20	20	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,320	635	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	240	150	90	170	60	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	310	160	145
Car, truck or van	110	80	25	105	50	55	395,615	229,315	166,300	225	125	100
Car, truck or van - as a driver	95	65	25	90	40	50	365,770	218,475	147,295	225	125	100
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	15	0	15	10	10	29,845	10,845	19,005	0	0	0
Public transit	80	35	40	45	0	45	177,860	74,605	103,260	65	25	40
Walked	25	15	15	0	0	0	61,160	26,300	34,860	15	10	0
Bicycle	20	10	10	0	0	0	21,435	12,640	8,795	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	10	0	0	13,090	6,635	6,455	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	240	150	90	170	60	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	310	160	145
Less than 15 minutes	25	20	10	45	20	25	125,240	61,185	64,055	70	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	90	60	35	55	25	30	241,005	129,590	111,420	110	55	50
30 to 44 minutes	70	45	30	40	15	25	176,925	96,710	80,215	85	45	40
45 to 59 minutes	30	15	15	15	0	15	67,635	33,110	34,530	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	20	15	0	15	0	10	58,350	28,905	29,445	25	15	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	240	150	90	170	60	105	669,150	349,485	319,665	310	160	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	10	0	10	10	0	38,800	28,480	10,315	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	35	10	40	10	25	95,270	56,280	38,990	30	15	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	25	35	55	15	40	166,695	79,410	87,280	75	35	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	35	35	30	10	25	149,185	68,865	80,320	75	30	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	25	0	10	0	10	106,855	50,615	56,240	35	10	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	20	10	25	10	10	112,350	65,830	46,520	65	45	20
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	70	45	25	40	15	20	371,310	189,920	181,390	255	140	120
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	0	25	10	20	109,065	56,315	52,750	40	25	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	40	25	15	5	5	262,245	133,605	128,640	215	115	100
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45	20	15	30	15	20	264,905	135,505	129,395	185	95	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	0	0	25	5	15	82,880	42,755	40,130	30	15	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	20	5	15	67,535	34,945	32,590	25	15	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	10	0	0	15,350	7,810	7,540	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	25	15	10	5	0	182,020	92,755	89,270	155	75	80

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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