Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662024More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24660611More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,628	...	...	1,904	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,694	...	...	945	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,576	...	...	903	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16,353.5	...	...	18,116.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.16	...	...	0.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,630	1,060	1,570	1,905	940	965
0 to 14 years	155	85	70	320	150	170
0 to 4 years	75	35	35	140	65	75
5 to 9 years	50	30	25	105	60	55
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	70	25	40
15 to 64 years	1,240	615	625	1,455	730	730
15 to 19 years	35	20	20	80	40	40
20 to 24 years	90	35	55	155	75	80
25 to 29 years	230	115	110	200	105	95
30 to 34 years	200	100	95	240	115	130
35 to 39 years	155	70	85	255	135	120
40 to 44 years	140	75	65	160	85	70
45 to 49 years	60	30	30	105	50	55
50 to 54 years	80	50	30	95	45	50
55 to 59 years	110	60	50	85	40	40
60 to 64 years	135	55	80	80	40	40
65 years and over	1,235	360	870	135	60	70
65 to 69 years	230	65	170	60	25	35
70 to 74 years	215	70	145	35	15	15
75 to 79 years	330	120	210	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	185	40	145	10	10	0
85 years and over	270	60	210	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	200	40	165	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	60	20	40	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.9	8.0	4.5	16.8	16.0	17.6
15 to 64 years	47.1	58.0	39.8	76.4	77.7	75.6
65 years and over	47.0	34.0	55.4	7.1	6.4	7.3
85 years and over	10.3	5.7	13.4	0.3	0.0	0.5
Average age of the population	55.6	49.9	59.5	34.7	34.8	34.7
Median age of the population	62.0	49.2	67.0	34.0	34.4	33.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,575	...	...	900	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	140	...	...	315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,355	...	...	590	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,580	...	...	900	...	...
1 person	1,070	...	...	355	...	...
2 persons	385	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	145	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,260	970	1,285	1,900	935	965
Average household size	1.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,475	975	1,500	1,590	795	795
Married or living common-law	850	430	420	805	400	405
Married	390	200	190	655	330	330
Living common-law	460	230	225	150	75	80
Living common law - Never married	375	185	195	135	65	70
Living common law - Separated	5	0	0	5	5	0
Living common law - Divorced	70	45	30	10	5	10
Living common law - Widowed	5	5	5	5	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,625	545	1,080	785	390	395
Not married and not living common law - Never married	885	390	500	590	320	265
Not married and not living common law - Separated	50	15	30	60	30	35
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	310	85	230	105	30	75
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	375	55	320	30	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	460	...	...	490	...	...
2 persons	350	...	...	245	...	...
3 persons	65	...	...	145	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	75	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	490	...	...
Total couple families	405	...	...	380	...	...
Married couples	175	...	...	305	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	195	...	...
Without children	125	...	...	110	...	...
Common-law couples	225	...	...	75	...	...
With children⁶	50	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	175	...	...	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	60	...	...	110	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	35	...	...	85	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	20	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,260	970	1,285	1,900	940	965
Total - Persons in census families	1,090	550	540	1,390	670	715
Married spouses or common-law partners	810	410	395	765	385	385
Parents in one-parent families	60	20	40	110	25	85
Children⁶	230	120	105	515	260	250
In a two-parent family	155	75	80	360	185	175
In a one-parent family	70	45	25	150	75	75
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	420	745	515	270	250
Living alone	1,070	365	710	355	180	180
Living with other relatives⁷	25	15	10	75	35	40
Living with non-relatives only	65	40	25	80	55	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,575	...	...	905	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	455	...	...	450	...	...
Couple-family households	400	...	...	355	...	...
With children⁶	105	...	...	200	...	...
Without children	295	...	...	160	...	...
One-parent-family households	55	...	...	95	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	10	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	60	...	...
One-person households	1,070	...	...	355	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,105	890	1,215	1,585	790	795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075	875	1,205	1,505	750	755
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,800	37,600	36,800	38,000	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075	875	1,205	1,505	750	755
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,400	34,400	32,800	33,600	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,895	820	1,080	1,310	665	645
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	38,400	26,600	31,200	35,200	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,210	610	610	1,210	625	585
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	42,800	36,000	32,800	36,800	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,780	710	1,070	1,290	605	685
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,900	13,700	16,600	8,000	6,650	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	165	80	85	205	100	100
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,600	4,800	5,480	5,320	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	480	245	235	610	315	295
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,050	880	1,170	1,625	795	835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,035	870	1,165	1,515	740	775
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	56,000	49,700	42,440	46,400	38,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,035	870	1,165	1,515	740	775
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	44,900	40,500	36,040	38,500	33,700
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,840	795	1,050	1,320	655	665
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,600	49,500	40,900	38,080	43,900	32,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,170	565	605	1,210	615	590
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,400	53,000	50,000	39,400	44,400	34,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,715	715	995	1,310	605	705
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,100	12,920	14,960	10,710	9,240	11,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180	90	90	210	95	115
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,360	5,800	6,900	9,000	7,000	10,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	485	250	235	610	290	315
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,440	8,600	8,300	9,120	8,900	9,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,055	880	1,165	1,625	795	830
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	510	270	240	580	330	250
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	61,200	64,000	57,200	60,400	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,200	66,000	81,000	61,800	64,000	58,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	530	240	295	525	250	275
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	23,800	24,200	16,400	20,000	14,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,800	47,600	33,600	20,400	22,800	18,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.2	80.8	74.4	78.2	83.6	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.4	61.6	52.4	74.0	80.0	67.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.7	19.1	25.8	21.8	16.2	28.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.0	1.1	3.0	2.0	4.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	5.0	4.3	9.5	8.2	11.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	4.4	3.4	8.6	7.5	9.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,100	890	1,220	1,590	790	795
Without total income	30	10	15	85	40	40
With total income	2,080	875	1,200	1,505	745	760
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	35	35	160	70	90
$10,000 to $19,999	185	70	115	185	95	90
$20,000 to $29,999	440	145	295	240	120	115
$30,000 to $39,999	305	120	185	245	110	140
$40,000 to $49,999	270	105	170	195	90	105
$50,000 to $59,999	230	105	125	140	60	80
$60,000 to $69,999	140	65	75	100	55	45
$70,000 to $79,999	115	50	65	55	25	35
$80,000 to $89,999	85	45	40	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	60	25	35	50	30	15
$100,000 and over	165	105	55	85	50	30
$100,000 to $149,999	120	75	45	65	35	30
$150,000 and over	45	35	10	20	15	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,100	890	1,220	1,590	790	795
Without after-tax income	30	10	15	85	40	40
With after-tax income	2,080	875	1,200	1,505	745	760
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	35	45	160	70	90
$10,000 to $19,999	200	80	125	195	100	95
$20,000 to $29,999	495	170	320	320	155	160
$30,000 to $39,999	405	155	250	285	130	160
$40,000 to $49,999	335	145	190	205	100	100
$50,000 to $59,999	190	90	100	140	65	80
$60,000 to $69,999	145	75	70	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	80	40	40	65	45	20
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	20	30	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	30	10	15	10	0	5
$100,000 and over	60	40	20	25	20	10
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	5	20	15	10
$125,000 and over	30	25	10	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,100	890	1,220	1,590	790	795
Without employment income	890	280	610	375	165	205
With employment income	1,215	605	605	1,210	620	590
Under $5,000 (including loss)	190	95	95	145	70	75
$5,000 to $9,999	70	30	45	110	55	50
$10,000 to $19,999	130	60	75	160	70	85
$20,000 to $29,999	120	60	60	160	70	90
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	50	140	70	65
$40,000 to $49,999	120	50	70	115	55	55
$50,000 to $59,999	90	45	50	110	55	60
$60,000 to $69,999	85	40	45	75	35	35
$70,000 to $79,999	75	45	30	60	30	30
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	35	35	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	45	15	25	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	130	85	45	75	50	20
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	25	45	30	15
$125,000 and over	55	35	15	25	20	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,105	890	1,215	1,585	790	795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,055	865	1,190	1,450	720	730
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,800	35,600	32,000	34,400	29,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,050	865	1,190	1,445	715	730
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	31,400	29,200	31,000	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,895	815	1,075	1,295	645	650
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	38,400	26,200	31,600	35,200	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,220	605	615	1,195	595	595
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,400	36,000	32,800	36,800	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,655	645	1,010	1,135	525	610
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,800	6,650	15,000	1,980	1,570	2,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	110	60	50	125	60	65
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,400	6,450	5,280	5,280	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,050	880	1,170	1,625	795	835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	855	1,145	1,470	730	750
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	53,000	47,100	37,280	40,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,000	855	1,145	1,470	730	750
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	41,200	38,100	32,240	34,200	30,350
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,820	770	1,050	1,315	640	675
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	50,600	40,600	36,400	42,200	30,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,160	550	610	1,210	595	615
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,900	55,400	48,800	37,600	43,600	31,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,630	650	980	1,175	545	630
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,880	9,760	11,620	6,040	4,620	7,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	125	75	50	120	60	60
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	5,600	9,600	7,400	6,200	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,055	880	1,165	1,625	795	830
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	515	270	240	575	325	255
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	58,400	60,000	46,000	48,400	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,600	64,500	71,000	52,400	55,600	48,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	505	230	275	480	230	250
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,000	29,600	32,000	24,400	29,400	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	47,200	53,600	41,600	27,000	31,800	22,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	86.0	78.8	87.0	91.0	82.0
Employment income (%)	60.8	67.5	55.2	82.8	87.0	77.5
Government transfers (%)	17.9	14.0	21.1	12.9	8.5	18.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.6	1.3	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,580	...	...	900	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	505	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,560	...	...	905	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,100	...	...	70,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,100	...	...	60,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,090	...	...	330	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,100	...	...	46,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	38,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	470	...	...	575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	84,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	72,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,580	...	...	900	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	85	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	80	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,580	...	...	900	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	150	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	95	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	475	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.5	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,140	400	740	440	235	205
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	44,800	35,600	37,200	40,000	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	39,200	32,400	33,200	35,200	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	445	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,200	...	...	86,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	216,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,145	440	705	435	210	230
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,600	50,600	42,500	42,600	47,600	38,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	41,800	36,900	35,600	39,600	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,255	970	1,285	1,905	935	965
0 to 17 years	175	95	80	355	170	185
0 to 5 years	85	45	40	150	70	80
18 to 64 years	1,205	590	615	1,415	705	710
65 years and over	875	280	590	130	60	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	415	150	265	330	165	160
0 to 17 years	20	20	5	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	25	10	10
18 to 64 years	170	85	90	235	125	110
65 years and over	225	50	180	45	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	15.4	20.6	17.4	18.0	16.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	18.0	5.0	14.8	15.0	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	x	x	15.0	18.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	14.2	14.0	16.6	17.6	15.6
65 years and over (%)	25.8	17.5	29.8	32.0	28.0	34.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,260	970	1,285	1,900	940	965
0 to 17 years	175	95	80	355	170	185
0 to 5 years	85	40	40	150	70	80
18 to 64 years	1,210	590	615	1,415	705	710
65 years and over	875	285	590	130	60	70
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	215	85	125	225	120	105
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	30	20	15
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	125	60	65	175	95	75
65 years and over	80	15	60	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.4	9.0	9.8	11.8	13.0	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	10.0	x	8.5	12.0	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	9.0	12.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.4	10.0	12.2	13.2	11.2
65 years and over (%)	9.2	6.0	10.4	17.0	16.0	18.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,255	975	1,285	1,900	935	965
In bottom half of the distribution	1,450	580	875	1,365	670	695
In bottom decile	330	120	205	290	150	140
In second decile	365	125	245	265	125	140
In third decile	285	120	165	290	140	145
In fourth decile	265	105	160	295	145	150
In fifth decile	210	110	105	230	115	115
In top half of the distribution	810	395	415	535	265	265
In sixth decile	190	85	110	155	70	80
In seventh decile	195	80	110	155	70	90
In eighth decile	155	80	75	115	65	50
In ninth decile	145	80	65	70	35	30
In top decile	120	65	55	35	20	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,260	...	...	1,900	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.362	...	...	0.303	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.517	...	...	0.439	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.306	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,630	1,060	1,565	1,905	940	965
English only	50	30	20	525	255	265
French only	1,005	330	675	260	130	130
English and French	1,550	690	860	1,040	520	520
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	80	35	45
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,630	1,060	1,565	1,905	940	965
English	150	75	75	840	420	420
French	2,390	945	1,450	700	350	350
English and French	60	30	35	285	140	150
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	80	35	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,630	1,060	1,565	1,905	940	965
Single responses	2,545	1,020	1,530	1,690	830	860
Official languages	2,285	895	1,390	710	360	350
English	80	40	40	280	140	140
French	2,205	855	1,355	430	220	210
Non-official languages	260	125	130	980	470	505
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	260	125	130	980	470	505
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	35	105	50	50
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	20	35	105	50	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	20	35	95	45	45
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	65	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vietnamese	10	5	0	40	15	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	135	50	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	30	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	75	40	35
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	75	70	380	200	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	65	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	65	30	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	5	0	5	30	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
German	5	0	5	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	145	80	65
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	105	60	45
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	25	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5	35	20	15
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	0	5	35	15	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	55	155	80	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	20	15	35	20	15
Romanian	5	0	0	60	25	30
Spanish	55	30	30	60	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	25	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	25	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	125	55	70
Chinese languages	5	5	5	125	55	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	90	35	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	40	40	215	105	105
English and French	40	20	20	35	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	95	45	50
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	40	25	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	30	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,630	1,060	1,565	1,905	940	965
English	95	40	60	285	150	135
French	2,125	830	1,290	355	180	170
Non-official language	75	30	40	385	185	195
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	75	30	40	385	185	195
English and French	165	75	90	190	90	95
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	300	135	165
French and non-official language(s)	80	45	40	115	65	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	250	120	125
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,630	1,060	1,565	1,905	940	965
Single responses	2,545	1,020	1,525	1,665	820	845
Official languages	2,430	970	1,460	985	490	495
English	145	60	80	485	245	240
French	2,285	910	1,380	500	245	250
Non-official languages	115	50	65	680	330	350
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	50	65	680	330	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	25	60	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	5	25	60	30	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	5	25	60	25	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	10	5	0	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	15
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	70	35	35
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	35	275	140	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	10	115	60	55
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	85	50	35
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	25	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	30	15	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	5	30	10	15
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	25	10	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	25	120	60	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	30	15	15
Romanian	5	0	0	45	25	20
Spanish	25	10	10	40	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	95	40	50
Chinese languages	5	0	0	95	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	40	45	240	125	120
English and French	45	25	25	65	30	30
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	95	50	50
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	55	25	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	30	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,630	1,060	1,570	1,905	940	965
None	2,365	935	1,435	1,190	600	585
English	105	45	60	190	80	110
French	45	25	20	130	70	55
Non-official language	60	30	35	185	85	100
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	35	185	85	100
English and French	15	5	10	95	45	50
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	60	25	35
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,180	955	1,220	1,935	940	995
Official languages	2,165	950	1,220	1,850	890	955
English	1,445	690	755	1,580	765	815
French	2,120	915	1,205	1,345	660	685
Non-official languages	495	220	275	1,400	670	730
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	495	220	275	1,400	670	730
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	180	70	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	35	180	70	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	30	35	160	70	90
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	60	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	45	120
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	0	25
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	145	40	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	10	35	15	30
Haitian Creole	25	10	10	20	10	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	95	70
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	135	80	60
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	365	170	195	480	250	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	85	50	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	85	50	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	15	30	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	40	15	30	10	0	0
German	40	15	30	10	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	120	65	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	25	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	30	20	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	65	35	25
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	15	10	10	60	35	25
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	130	165	260	125	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	25	10	10	0
Portuguese	50	25	30	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Spanish	245	110	135	160	70	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	75	45	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	15	15	0
Wolof	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	210	90	110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	210	90	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	185	90	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	50	35	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,180	955	1,225	1,940	940	1,000
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	40	35	0	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	40	35	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Métis	25	25	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,140	925	1,220	1,930	940	990
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,180	955	1,225	1,940	940	1,000
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,170	950	1,225	1,940	940	1,000
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
Owner	430	...	...	290	...	...
Renter	1,130	...	...	615	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
Condominium	540	...	...	595	...	...
Not condominium	1,025	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	980	...	...	340	...	...
2 bedrooms	445	...	...	435	...	...
3 bedrooms	65	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,415	...	...	800	...	...
5 rooms	100	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	15	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,550	...	...	820	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
Suitable	1,525	...	...	725	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
1960 or before	190	...	...	80	...	...
1961 to 1980	100	...	...	135	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	55	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	265	...	...
2011 to 2015	360	...	...	185	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	870	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,460	...	...	855	...	...
Major repairs needed	105	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,215	...	...	560	...	...
Two-maintainer household	350	...	...	320	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	275	...	...	270	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...	265	...	...
45 to 54 years	155	...	...	115	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	340	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	270	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,555	...	...	875	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	785	...	...	670	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	765	...	...	205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	710	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,565	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	865	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	735	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	145	...	...
Major repairs needed only	70	...	...	25	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	695	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,495	...	...	830	...	...
In core need	235	...	...	55	...	...
Not in core need	1,265	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	430	...	...	290	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.7	...	...	89.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.9	...	...	22.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	7.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,530	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,555	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	454,000	...	...	352,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,135	...	...	615	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	27.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	60.4	...	...	23.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.5	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,344	...	...	1,004	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,175	955	1,220	1,935	940	995
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	15	15	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	15	15	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	35	25	15	10	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	35	25	15	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	25	10	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,115	915	1,200	1,920	935	990
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,175	955	1,220	1,935	940	995
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,040	885	1,155	1,280	625	655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	140	80	60	295	135	155
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,900	805	1,095	990	490	495
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	140	70	65	655	315	340
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,175	955	1,220	1,935	940	995
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,830	780	1,050	625	290	340
Immigrants⁸¹	280	140	140	1,095	550	550
Before 1980	45	25	20	50	25	20
1980 to 1990	55	20	35	95	60	35
1991 to 2000	50	30	20	150	60	85
2001 to 2010	60	30	30	320	160	160
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	35	35	485	240	245
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	190	90	95
2016 to 2021	50	30	25	300	150	150
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	40	35	215	110	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	280	140	140	1,100	545	550
Under 5 years	10	0	0	65	30	35
5 to 14 years	50	15	30	130	80	55
15 to 24 years	40	20	15	170	80	90
25 to 44 years	160	85	75	640	315	320
45 years and over	30	10	15	100	45	55
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	280	140	140	1,100	545	550
Americas	45	25	25	115	55	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	15	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	35	25	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	30	0	25
Europe	150	80	70	170	85	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	80	45	40	25	15	15
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	0	0
Portugal	30	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	60	30	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	40	25	15
Africa	50	25	20	230	125	105
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	20	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	15	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	145	80	65
Asia	35	10	25	585	280	305
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	115	60	60
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	20	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	145	40	105
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	15	10
India	0	0	0	35	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	100	55	45
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	50	30	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	30	25	300	145	150
Americas	0	0	0	15	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	25	25	35	15	25
France	45	25	25	15	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	100	60	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	30	10
Asia	0	0	0	155	75	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	65	20	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,180	955	1,220	1,940	940	995
First generation¹⁰⁰	380	185	195	1,345	665	670
Second generation¹⁰¹	240	110	135	445	205	245
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,555	665	890	150	65	85
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	230	110	120	1,045	520	530
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145	80	70	635	305	330
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	90	65	25	365	170	200
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	15	40	265	135	130
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	25	40	210	85	125
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	190	125	70
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	230	110	120	1,045	520	530
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	85	65	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	30	10	130	50	75
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	45	20	30
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	65	30	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	60	80	730	355	375
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,180	955	1,225	1,940	940	995
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	240	125	115	1,460	675	785
South Asian	0	0	0	220	125	95
Chinese	15	0	15	240	115	125
Black	80	45	35	295	130	165
Filipino	0	0	0	200	60	145
Arab	50	30	20	160	70	90
Latin American	55	30	25	110	50	55
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	135	80	60
West Asian	15	10	0	70	30	40
Korean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,940	835	1,110	470	265	205
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,175	955	1,220	1,935	940	995
Canadian	490	175	315	50	30	25
English	35	25	10	40	25	10
Irish	80	35	45	40	15	25
Scottish	40	0	40	35	25	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	845	365	475	135	80	55
German	30	10	25	40	30	15
Chinese	15	0	10	235	110	125
Italian	55	20	35	20	0	15
Indian (India)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Ukrainian	20	0	20	20	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	20	10	10
Québécois	210	95	115	10	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	15	10	0
Filipino	0	0	0	165	50	110
French Canadian	180	80	100	20	10	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	50	35	10	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	15	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	30	10	20	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	20	10	0	10
American	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	10	50	20	35
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10	20	0	20
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	80	35	45
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	50	25	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Lebanese	20	0	15	20	0	20
Iranian	15	0	10	55	30	25
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	40	25	10	20	10	10
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	15	0	15	20	15	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	85	45	35
Croatian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	40	20	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	80	45	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	15	0	20	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	20	0	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	15	0	10
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	60	40	20
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	20	15	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	30	20	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,180	955	1,225	1,940	940	1,000
Buddhist	0	0	0	55	40	20
Christian	1,310	505	805	750	325	430
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	70	30	40	165	80	80
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catholic	1,215	455	760	380	155	220
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	120	50	70
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	15	0	10	25	0	20
Hindu	0	0	0	135	75	60
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Muslim	45	15	35	315	160	150
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	15	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	815	430	385	650	325	325
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,160	945	1,210	1,910	935	975
Non-movers	1,580	695	885	1,630	805	825
Movers	580	255	325	275	125	155
Non-migrants	440	185	250	145	60	80
Migrants	140	65	70	130	60	70
Internal migrants	120	55	65	70	35	40
Intraprovincial migrants	100	40	55	40	25	15
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	35	10	25
External migrants	20	15	0	60	25	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,120	925	1,195	1,785	875	910
Non-movers	570	255	320	835	410	425
Movers	1,545	670	875	950	460	485
Non-migrants	1,030	400	625	405	215	195
Migrants	515	270	245	540	255	290
Internal migrants	430	225	205	175	65	105
Intraprovincial migrants	390	205	185	105	35	75
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	20	60	30	30
External migrants	85	45	45	370	190	185
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,050	880	1,170	1,625	795	830
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	325	180	150	260	120	140
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,730	710	1,020	1,370	675	690
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,040	515	525	1,270	650	620
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	50	45	10	135	70	70
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	990	475	515	1,130	580	550
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,050	885	1,170	1,625	790	835
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	145	145	235	115	120
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	325	125	200	290	170	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,440	615	825	1,100	515	585
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	675	295	375	355	130	220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	155	90	65	90	30	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	55	60	55	20	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	35	0	30	10	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	345	120	225	220	85	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	90	85	45	15	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	770	320	450	750	380	365
Bachelor's degree	425	185	250	445	215	230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	25	50	60	20	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	205	70	130	200	105	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	35	15	40	30	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,045	515	525	1,270	645	625
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	35	10	120	65	60
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	95	50	50	180	115	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	900	430	470	970	470	500
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	200	150	295	125	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	55	40	75	25	45
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	25	40	45	20	30
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	30	30	0	30	10	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	175	85	95	185	85	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	65	20	35	15	20
Bachelor's degree or higher	550	235	315	675	345	330
Bachelor's degree	295	140	155	390	200	195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45	55	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	140	40	95	190	100	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	10	30	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,055	885	1,170	1,625	790	830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	610	265	345	525	280	240
Education	60	10	55	30	10	25
13. Education	60	10	55	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	60	90	35	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	50	85	35	20	10
Humanities	110	55	65	65	0	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	25	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	15	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	70	175	160	65	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	0	50	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	35	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	10	10	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	80	50	35	60	25	30
Business, management and public administration	345	145	200	290	115	180
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	35	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	315	145	165	285	115	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	15	35	55	20	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	35	35	105	80	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	0	85	70	15
25. Library science	15	0	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	170	150	15	190	145	40
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	15	15	0
14. Engineering	60	50	10	135	95	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	20	0	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	15	10	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	140	40	100	110	25	85
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	130	35	95	105	20	85
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	35	45	45	20	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	15	30	30	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,045	520	525	1,265	645	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	140	80	60	300	180	120
Education	20	0	20	30	10	25
13. Education	20	0	20	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	50	60	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	60	30	20	10
Humanities	50	20	25	55	10	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	10	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	45	115	140	65	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	0	40	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25	35	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	55	30	25	50	30	25
Business, management and public administration	220	115	110	275	110	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	115	100	265	110	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	20	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	15	100	75	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	0	85	75	15
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	130	120	15	160	120	35
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	15	15	0
14. Engineering	50	45	0	110	80	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	10	0	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	85	30	50	95	25	70
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	70	25	40	90	20	70
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	20	20	35	10	20
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	15	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,045	520	525	1,265	645	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	80	60	300	180	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	905	430	470	970	465	500
Location of study inside Canada	755	350	405	510	240	275
Same as province or territory of residence	715	335	370	435	210	230
Different than province or territory of residence	45	15	30	75	25	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	145	80	65	455	230	225
Americas	30	20	15	35	20	10
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	15	0	0	0	0
Europe	90	50	45	160	80	80
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	75	30	35	75	40	35
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	40	20	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	15	0	10
Africa	15	15	0	55	40	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	0
Asia	0	0	0	190	75	110
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	45	30	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	80	15	65
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,050	885	1,170	1,625	795	835
In the labour force	1,040	520	515	1,190	625	565
Employed	975	485	485	1,040	555	485
Unemployed	65	35	30	150	70	80
Not in the labour force	1,010	360	655	435	165	265
Participation rate	50.7	58.8	44.0	73.2	78.6	67.7
Employment rate	47.6	54.8	41.5	64.0	69.8	58.1
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.7	5.8	12.6	11.2	14.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,055	885	1,170	1,625	790	830
Did not work¹⁸⁶	945	335	605	485	190	295
Worked	1,110	550	565	1,145	605	535
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	525	280	245	595	340	255
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	585	270	320	545	270	280
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	40.7	39.7	40.3	41.7	38.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,040	520	515	1,195	625	570
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	30	10	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,030	515	510	1,160	620	550
Employee	875	425	445	1,060	560	500
Permanent position	700	340	365	885	480	405
Temporary position	170	85	85	175	85	90
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	25	40	85	45	40
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	100	60	45	90	40	50
Self-employed¹⁹²	160	95	60	100	60	45
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,040	520	515	1,195	625	570
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	30	10	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,030	515	510	1,160	620	550
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	230	70	160	230	95	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	120	115	10	235	175	60
3 Health occupations	105	25	85	70	0	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	195	80	115	95	35	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	35	30	50	20	30
6 Sales and service occupations	200	100	100	320	160	155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	80	75	10	90	85	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	60	35	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,040	520	515	1,195	625	570
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0	30	10	20
All industries¹⁹¹	1,030	515	510	1,160	620	550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	45	30	10	35	20	10
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	15	100	55	45
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	45	40	0
44-45 Retail trade	85	45	35	140	65	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	20	15	85	65	25
51 Information and cultural industries	55	30	20	60	50	10
52 Finance and insurance	50	25	25	80	45	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	115	70	185	105	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	0	25	50	30	20
61 Educational services	115	55	60	90	40	45
62 Health care and social assistance	155	50	105	100	20	75
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	15	20	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	45	30	20	55	35	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	15	40	55	10	50
91 Public administration	50	35	20	50	20	30
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,145	575	575	1,220	635	585
English	85	40	40	365	180	180
French	585	285	305	245	125	125
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	465	230	230	545	290	250
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	30	10	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,145	575	575	1,220	635	585
Single responses	1,095	550	540	1,030	525	510
Official languages	1,095	550	540	1,000	500	500
English	160	80	75	615	315	300
French	930	465	465	385	190	200
Non-official languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	15	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	20	30	185	110	75
English and French	50	20	30	180	110	70
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,145	575	575	1,220	635	585
None	725	355	375	790	415	375
English	340	175	165	145	65	80
French	75	40	35	240	130	105
Non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	20	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	975	485	490	1,040	555	485
Worked at home	330	160	165	370	210	160
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	90	65	20	60	40	20
Usual place of work	565	260	300	615	305	310
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	565	260	300	610	305	310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	465	210	255	445	215	230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	10	120	60	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	35	35	40	25	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	650	325	325	670	345	325
Car, truck or van	340	190	150	330	215	115
Car, truck or van - as a driver	330	185	145	295	205	90
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	40	10	25
Public transit	175	70	100	260	85	180
Walked	60	15	45	55	30	25
Bicycle	60	35	20	15	10	0
Other method	15	10	0	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	650	325	325	670	345	325
Less than 15 minutes	80	20	55	85	50	35
15 to 29 minutes	265	135	130	285	160	120
30 to 44 minutes	200	110	90	200	100	100
45 to 59 minutes	60	30	25	70	15	50
60 minutes and over	50	25	20	35	15	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	650	325	325	670	345	325
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	25	10	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45	20	25	110	60	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	215	95	115	170	85	85
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	175	90	85	160	65	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	100	50	55	110	50	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80	50	30	95	60	30
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	180	100	80	360	170	185
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	10	105	50	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	85	70	255	125	130
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	100	55	40	215	110	110
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	5	70	35	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	65	25	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	50	35	140	75	70

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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