Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662004More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661637More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661681More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	550	...	...	279	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	535	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	322	...	...	162	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	294	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	311	...	...	153	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	272	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14,175.3	...	...	10,145.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	10,249.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	0.03	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	550	265	285	275	130	150	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	535	265	275
0 to 14 years	70	40	35	30	15	20	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	95	50	45
0 to 4 years	30	15	10	10	5	5	422,980	217,145	205,840	30	20	15
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	10	0	5	478,955	245,295	233,665	35	15	20
10 to 14 years	15	10	10	10	5	5	489,425	250,855	238,570	35	20	15
15 to 64 years	390	190	205	195	105	95	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	365	185	180
15 to 19 years	15	10	10	10	0	5	429,400	219,400	209,995	25	10	10
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	15	5	10	460,660	235,250	225,405	30	10	15
25 to 29 years	45	15	30	30	20	10	527,150	266,455	260,700	50	25	30
30 to 34 years	65	20	40	30	15	15	536,040	267,770	268,270	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	70	45	25	20	10	10	550,425	274,350	276,075	40	15	20
40 to 44 years	50	20	30	25	10	15	572,565	286,405	286,160	60	30	25
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	15	10	5	516,465	259,565	256,905	40	20	20
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	15	10	10	522,935	262,610	260,325	35	25	15
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	15	10	5	615,690	307,230	308,465	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	35	10	20	20	10	10	625,610	307,710	317,900	30	10	15
65 years and over	85	40	45	50	20	30	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	75	30	45
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	15	5	10	541,970	264,020	277,950	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	10	5	10	455,900	217,985	237,910	20	5	15
75 to 79 years	15	10	10	15	5	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	10	5	10
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	5	0	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	10	5	5
85 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	5	0	5	65,020	20,490	44,535	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	5	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.7	15.1	12.3	10.9	11.5	13.3	16.4	17.0	15.8	17.8	18.9	16.4
15 to 64 years	70.9	71.7	71.9	70.9	80.8	63.3	63.0	63.9	62.1	68.2	69.8	65.5
65 years and over	15.5	15.1	15.8	18.2	15.4	20.0	20.6	19.1	22.1	14.0	11.3	16.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.9	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.9	0.0	1.8
Average age of the population	41.3	41.4	41.4	42.0	40.8	42.8	42.8	41.8	43.7	38.4	37.6	39.4
Median age of the population	39.6	39.6	39.2	40.4	39.6	40.8	43.2	42.0	44.0	38.0	38.8	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	310	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	35	...	...	271,245	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225	...	...	115	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	260	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	30	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	310	...	...	155	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1 person	165	...	...	75	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	45	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	20	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	15	...	...	427,605	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	0	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	535	260	275
Average household size	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	475	230	250	245	120	125	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	440	210	225
Married or living common-law	225	115	110	90	45	45	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	190	95	90
Married	125	65	60	35	20	20	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	125	65	65
Living common-law	105	50	50	55	25	25	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	60	35	30
Living common law - Never married	95	45	45	55	25	25	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	50	25	20
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	0	0	0	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	250	110	140	160	75	85	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	245	115	130
Not married and not living common law - Never married	185	90	100	120	65	55	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	175	85	90
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	5	5	0	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	10	0	5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	15	25	20	5	15	494,210	197,455	296,755	45	20	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	10	5	10	380,100	89,515	290,580	15	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	60	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	30	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	10	...	...	454,980	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	10	...	...	412,850	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	0	...	...	187,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	55	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	130	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	40	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	90	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	20	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	60	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	5	...	...	502,020	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	10	...	...	609,605	...	...	20	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	25	...	...	828,005	...	...	35	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	15	...	...	401,885	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	15	...	...	426,120	...	...	25	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	15	...	...	383,775	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	10	...	...	284,025	...	...	25	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	535	260	270
Total - Persons in census families	355	170	180	155	70	85	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	375	185	185
Married spouses or common-law partners	225	110	110	85	45	45	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	185	95	95
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	10	0	10	383,780	99,755	284,020	35	10	30
Children⁶	110	60	55	55	25	30	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	150	80	70
In a two-parent family	75	40	35	35	10	25	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	100	45	50
In a one-parent family	30	15	20	20	10	5	585,820	317,400	268,415	50	30	20
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	200	95	105	125	60	65	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	160	75	85
Living alone	165	75	90	75	35	40	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	130	55	70
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	10	0	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	10	40	20	15	268,810	158,325	110,485	25	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	310	...	...	155	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	55	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	125	...	...
Couple-family households	110	...	...	40	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	90	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	20	...	...	851,835	...	...	50	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	25	...	...	982,260	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	15	...	...	331,395	...	...	35	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	0	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	25	...	...	139,280	...	...	15	...	...
One-person households	165	...	...	75	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	130	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	480	230	250	245	120	130	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	435	210	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	220	245	245	115	125	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	420	200	220
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,400	40,400	33,600	38,800	30,200	40,800	44,800	37,200	35,600	38,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	220	245	245	115	125	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	420	200	220
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,400	36,000	30,000	32,800	27,200	36,400	39,200	33,600	32,000	34,000	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	205	220	215	100	115	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	360	175	175
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	30,400	24,800	32,800	19,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	26,000	30,000	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	175	175	180	85	90	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	295	160	145
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,000	36,000	27,400	32,800	20,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	30,000	32,000	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	170	215	210	95	115	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	375	175	205
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	11,500	10,100	12,000	9,600	13,100	11,500	10,200	12,300	11,600	9,100	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	35	35	35	15	15	837,635	441,080	396,550	55	25	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,640	5,480	x	x	5,520	5,520	5,600	6,000	6,850	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	140	70	65	100	50	50	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	160	80	80
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	9,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	200	240	230	90	140	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	485	215	270
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,400	50,400	44,800	53,600	73,000	41,000	51,160	57,550	44,960	38,200	40,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	200	240	230	90	140	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	485	215	270
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	42,000	38,400	43,200	55,000	35,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	33,400	34,400	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	190	210	205	80	130	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	410	185	220
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,000	39,200	48,400	73,000	32,500	45,480	52,900	38,000	32,200	35,600	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	155	165	180	80	100	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	345	155	190
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	50,000	43,200	48,400	72,000	30,800	46,240	51,950	40,040	33,000	34,500	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	155	205	190	65	130	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	445	190	255
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,720	12,400	11,200	12,300	10,400	13,200	12,410	11,500	13,220	11,880	10,200	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50	30	25	35	0	25	837,180	441,665	395,515	55	30	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,200	5,200	6,000	...	3,600	7,040	6,380	7,780	5,800	6,000	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	55	45	80	25	55	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	200	90	110
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,400	10,800	8,800	9,500	8,400	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,400	8,000	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	455	215	245	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	85	75	75	50	25	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	110	50	65
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	64,000	60,000	70,500	98,000	x	58,400	62,800	53,600	45,200	48,400	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	69,000	64,000	92,000	108,000	72,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	55,000	66,000	46,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	65	85	80	20	55	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	205	105	100
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	29,000	17,800	17,200	x	18,000	18,600	21,400	16,600	13,000	14,800	11,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	32,000	27,600	20,000	15,000	22,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	19,400	20,000	19,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	82.0	78.0	82.0	92.0	72.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	71.5	77.0	66.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.0	76.0	66.0	71.0	85.0	56.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	61.6	64.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.2	18.5	21.6	18.8	10.0	29.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	28.6	22.8	33.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.6	x	1.2	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.6	2.0	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	5.6	5.5	6.3	4.4	8.4	5.4	4.8	6.1	10.0	9.2	10.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.8	4.8	5.6	4.0	7.6	4.6	4.3	5.1	9.0	8.4	9.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	475	230	250	245	120	125	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	440	210	225
Without total income	10	5	5	5	0	0	179,955	87,650	92,310	15	5	5
With total income	470	220	245	240	115	125	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	425	205	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	10	20	20	10	10	462,400	204,245	258,155	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	15	35	35	15	20	809,375	334,315	475,065	50	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	70	40	35	55	20	35	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	90	35	50
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	40	35	15	20	896,520	414,070	482,445	75	30	50
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	45	25	20	10	849,005	411,680	437,325	70	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	35	10	25	15	5	10	687,020	345,720	341,305	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	15	10	0	10	503,110	271,695	231,415	30	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	15	10	5	10	367,455	208,475	158,980	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	0	0	0	284,690	158,760	125,930	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	10	10	0	198,140	112,355	85,780	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	30	20	10	20	15	10	556,780	365,700	191,080	20	15	10
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	15	10	5	385,890	245,635	140,260	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	5	5	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	475	230	250	245	120	125	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	440	210	225
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	5	0	0	177,960	86,610	91,355	15	5	5
With after-tax income	470	220	245	240	115	125	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	425	205	215
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	10	20	20	10	10	495,035	214,000	281,030	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	30	35	15	20	853,250	356,480	496,765	55	30	20
$20,000 to $29,999	90	50	40	65	25	45	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	105	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	95	40	55	40	20	20	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	100	45	55
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	45	25	15	10	994,235	505,970	488,265	55	20	30
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	15	5	10	691,015	372,870	318,145	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	15	5	10	459,665	251,490	208,170	15	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	10	5	0	292,135	160,985	131,150	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	5	10	5	0	174,905	104,610	70,295	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	5	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	10	10	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	10	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	5	5	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	5	5	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	475	230	250	245	120	125	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	440	210	225
Without employment income	125	55	75	70	35	40	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	140	55	80
With employment income	350	175	175	175	90	90	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	300	155	140
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30	10	15	20	10	15	644,075	331,770	312,300	35	15	15
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	25	10	15	401,185	180,585	220,595	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	20	25	10	10	603,350	273,725	329,620	45	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	20	25	10	10	495,105	228,670	266,435	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	20	15	10	488,000	239,620	248,380	40	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	25	15	5	5	485,845	242,230	243,610	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	25	5	20	5	5	5	403,980	217,425	186,560	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	5	0	0	320,700	184,770	135,935	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	10	0	5	250,635	147,020	103,615	10	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	0	0	0	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	5	5	0	141,540	86,090	55,450	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	20	10	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	20	15	5
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	5	0	0	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	10	5
$125,000 and over	10	10	0	15	10	5	216,965	152,410	64,555	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	480	230	250	245	120	130	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	435	210	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	460	215	245	240	115	125	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	400	195	215
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,400	34,000	29,000	31,800	25,800	38,400	43,200	34,000	30,800	34,000	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	460	215	245	240	115	125	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	400	195	215
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,800	32,000	26,600	29,800	23,600	34,000	37,600	30,600	28,400	30,800	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	425	200	220	215	100	115	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	355	180	175
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	30,400	25,800	32,000	23,200	34,800	40,400	29,200	27,800	30,400	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	165	175	180	90	85	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	285	155	140
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	34,400	26,000	33,200	21,000	36,400	41,200	31,800	30,400	33,600	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	150	205	190	85	105	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	345	150	195
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,800	2,960	5,440	3,640	2,220	4,960	7,800	5,640	9,100	4,960	3,400	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	20	25	15	5	10	727,165	390,255	336,910	40	20	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	5,000	8,000	x	x	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	6,400	6,800	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	440	200	235	225	90	135	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	445	195	255
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	46,400	39,600	50,000	73,000	34,500	48,600	55,500	41,880	35,000	38,800	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	440	200	235	225	90	135	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	445	195	255
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	38,400	34,000	40,000	55,000	30,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	30,200	32,400	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	180	205	200	80	125	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	390	180	210
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,800	36,400	47,200	77,000	27,600	45,920	53,800	37,920	32,200	35,600	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	145	150	170	80	95	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	315	150	165
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	49,000	40,000	50,000	76,000	28,400	46,240	52,450	39,520	34,400	34,500	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	140	175	180	60	120	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	390	160	230
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,300	9,800	10,700	9,100	4,800	11,200	9,450	8,430	10,320	8,000	6,900	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	15	20	20	0	0	727,815	390,880	336,935	20	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	7,000	13,000	11,000	...	...	7,020	5,975	8,230	6,800	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	455	215	245	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	85	75	75	50	25	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	105	50	60
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	62,800	49,200	78,000	95,000	x	54,800	60,000	49,200	48,000	49,200	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,000	64,000	56,000	88,000	100,000	60,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	50,000	58,000	44,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	135	60	75	65	20	45	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	160	85	75
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	31,200	21,000	24,000	x	17,200	23,600	27,200	21,000	21,600	21,400	24,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	33,000	27,000	27,000	40,000	21,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	24,000	22,400	26,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	86.0	80.0	86.0	96.0	72.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	80.0	86.0	76.0
Employment income (%)	71.0	76.0	66.0	75.0	90.0	56.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	69.0	68.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)	17.2	14.8	20.4	14.6	4.4	29.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	19.6	14.4	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.2	2.8	2.0	x	x	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.0	x	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	310	...	...	155	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	55,600	...	...	72,500	...	...	48,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	47,200	...	...	63,200	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	165	...	...	75	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	34,400	...	...	38,800	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	30,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	145	...	...	80	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	72,500	...	...	83,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	300	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	82,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	66,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	85	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	37,500	...	...	47,680	...	...	51,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	32,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	70	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	310	...	...	155	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	144,420	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	172,005	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	174,790	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	166,990	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	310,880	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	20	...	...	280,505	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	255,770	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	235,235	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	208,320	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	35	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	414,805	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	282,590	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	307,835	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	10	...	...	239,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	310	...	...	155	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	5	...	...	177,135	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	180,150	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	213,760	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	210,280	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	193,530	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	356,325	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	289,580	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	254,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	216,370	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	25	...	...	892,775	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	5	...	...	387,835	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	5	...	...	225,830	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	15	...	...	279,105	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	135	...	...	60	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	25	...	...	991,710	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	20	...	...	907,765	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	155,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	122,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	15	...	...	368,845	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	47,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	x	...	...	61,600	...	...	44,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	185	90	95	115	55	60	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	150	70	80
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	37,600	39,600	30,200	36,000	27,400	36,800	39,200	34,800	36,800	37,200	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	33,600	35,600	27,800	31,200	26,800	33,200	34,800	31,600	32,400	33,200	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	140	...	...	60	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	144,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	0	...	...	992,110	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	...	...	...	101,100	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	x	...	...	82,200	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	30	...	...	909,160	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	200,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	15	...	...	367,155	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	45,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	45,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	150	70	85	100	45	60	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	105	30	75
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	46,000	54,000	36,000	40,000	33,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	47,000	56,000	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	40,000	44,000	31,200	33,000	30,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	39,500	44,000	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	550	265	285	275	130	150	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	535	260	275
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	40	10	25	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	115	60	55
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	15	5	10	515,725	264,785	250,935	35	20	20
18 to 64 years	385	185	200	195	100	95	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	350	175	175
65 years and over	85	40	45	50	20	30	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	75	30	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	40	40	55	25	30	992,235	463,295	528,940	125	55	65
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	5	5	0	159,530	82,000	77,530	30	10	15
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	0	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	45	20	25	40	20	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	65	30	30
65 years and over	20	15	5	10	5	10	317,235	124,865	192,370	30	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.0	15.2	20.0	19.0	22.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	22.8	22.0	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	16.0	20.0	x	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	26.0	24.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	16.0	25.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	10.0	14.0	22.0	20.0	24.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	18.5	19.0	18.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	36.0	16.0	24.0	x	30.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	40.0	36.0	40.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	535	260	270
0 to 17 years	80	40	40	35	15	25	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	110	55	55
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	15	5	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	40	15	20
18 to 64 years	380	180	200	195	100	95	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	350	180	175
65 years and over	90	45	50	50	15	30	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	70	25	45
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	15	35	45	20	25	439,850	223,055	216,795	60	30	25
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	0	0	0	61,665	31,610	30,060	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	35	5	25	40	20	20	313,970	167,015	146,955	45	25	20
65 years and over	10	5	0	5	5	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	6.0	12.0	16.0	16.0	16.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	11.2	13.0	10.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	12.0	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	9.0	10.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	4.0	13.0	20.0	20.0	22.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	12.4	14.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	16.0	x	12.0	x	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	10.0	x	12.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	535	265	275
In bottom half of the distribution	340	160	180	175	80	95	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	415	195	220
In bottom decile	70	30	45	65	30	30	851,840	407,705	444,140	100	50	50
In second decile	80	45	35	30	5	20	920,490	434,730	485,760	105	45	60
In third decile	85	30	50	35	20	15	969,255	471,650	497,600	95	40	50
In fourth decile	70	35	35	30	15	15	978,345	482,760	495,590	55	25	35
In fifth decile	35	20	20	20	10	10	947,090	473,285	473,810	60	30	30
In top half of the distribution	205	105	100	100	45	55	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	120	65	55
In sixth decile	55	30	20	10	5	5	899,660	454,970	444,690	30	15	15
In seventh decile	45	15	30	20	5	20	837,225	425,400	411,830	40	20	20
In eighth decile	50	25	30	20	10	10	752,410	383,450	368,955	30	15	15
In ninth decile	30	20	15	20	15	10	634,425	325,700	308,730	20	15	10
In top decile	25	15	5	25	10	15	517,725	267,160	250,565	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	550	...	...	280	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	535	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316	...	...	0.376	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.438	...	...	0.504	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.466	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.320	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	4.8	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	270
English only	15	10	5	5	5	0	445,575	228,840	216,735	10	5	5
French only	195	90	100	95	40	50	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	250	110	140
English and French	335	165	170	180	85	90	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	270	140	125
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	5	0	5	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	270
English	30	20	15	25	10	15	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	40	20	15
French	460	220	240	245	115	130	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	460	220	235
English and French	50	25	25	10	5	5	329,515	169,050	160,465	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	5	0	5	79,000	33,590	45,410	10	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	270
Single responses	525	255	270	265	125	140	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	495	235	260
Official languages	400	190	210	230	105	125	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	330	160	170
English	15	5	5	15	5	10	639,365	323,170	316,195	20	10	10
French	385	180	205	220	100	115	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	305	150	165
Non-official languages	130	65	60	35	15	15	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	170	80	90
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	60	35	15	15	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0	233,220	122,895	110,320	95	45	45
Berber languages	10	10	5	0	0	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	30	15	20
Kabyle	10	10	5	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	30	15	20
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	204,600	107,735	96,865	60	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0	198,785	104,765	94,020	60	35	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	0	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	40	30	10	15	595,790	290,670	305,115	65	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	101,450	52,780	48,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	30	25	10	15	346,000	167,870	178,130	50	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	5	5	90,940	44,080	46,865	10	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	10	0	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	30	15	5	10	177,155	86,490	90,660	35	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	15	5	5	308,550	155,455	153,095	35	20	10
English and French	10	5	0	0	0	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	5	0	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	5	5	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	270
English	10	5	5	10	5	5	623,305	313,780	309,520	15	10	5
French	345	165	180	190	85	100	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	305	145	155
Non-official language	35	20	20	15	5	5	366,730	177,410	189,315	40	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	15	5	5	343,650	165,830	177,825	40	20	20
English and French	40	20	20	35	10	20	497,380	256,735	240,645	50	25	25
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0	0	0	205,755	102,290	103,470	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	10	5	5	375,795	179,585	196,210	95	40	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	20	10	5	284,940	141,275	143,665	30	15	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	270
Single responses	495	240	255	265	125	140	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	495	235	255
Official languages	420	200	220	235	110	125	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	405	195	210
English	20	10	10	20	10	15	874,185	438,570	435,615	35	20	20
French	405	195	205	215	105	115	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	375	180	195
Non-official languages	70	35	35	25	10	10	662,615	322,860	339,750	90	40	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	35	25	10	10	628,365	305,820	322,555	90	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	116,685	59,645	57,040	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	10	5	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	10	5	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	25	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	0	0	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	25	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	5	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	30	20	10	10	336,635	164,100	172,535	50	25	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	20	10	10	182,585	88,060	94,525	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	20	10	0	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	15	10	10	357,245	176,070	181,175	45	25	20
English and French	15	5	5	10	5	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	0	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0	0	0	116,595	56,445	60,150	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	550	265	285	280	130	150	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	535	260	275
None	435	210	225	220	100	120	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	400	195	200
English	40	20	20	20	10	15	353,690	183,470	170,225	35	25	15
French	20	10	15	15	5	10	259,425	127,380	132,040	45	20	20
Non-official language	30	15	15	5	5	5	269,715	129,830	139,890	40	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	5	5	5	264,405	127,330	137,070	40	15	25
English and French	10	5	5	5	0	0	61,955	31,425	30,525	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0	0	0	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	535	245	290	280	105	175	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	605	280	330
Official languages	520	240	285	280	105	175	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	600	275	325
English	300	140	160	190	80	110	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	295	150	155
French	515	240	280	270	100	175	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	590	275	320
Non-official languages	220	90	125	75	30	45	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	245	110	135
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	220	90	125	75	30	45	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	245	110	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0	385,210	201,105	184,100	155	75	80
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	35	15	15
Kabyle	20	10	10	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	35	15	15
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	25	45	0	0	0	363,875	190,005	173,870	135	70	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	70	25	45	0	0	0	343,675	179,750	163,930	135	70	65
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	15	0	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	50	90	75	30	40	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	70	25	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	50	75	70	25	40	684,830	324,095	360,735	60	20	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	0	20	10	10	168,040	82,400	85,645	20	0	20
Portuguese	20	0	20	0	0	0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	115	45	70	45	25	25	453,905	210,400	243,505	35	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	535	250	290	280	105	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	280	325
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	525	245	280	280	105	175	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	605	275	325
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	535	250	290	280	105	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	280	325
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	535	250	290	280	105	175	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	610	280	325
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Owner	110	...	...	35	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	55	...	...
Renter	185	...	...	115	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	215	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Condominium	90	...	...	0	...	...	515,590	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	210	...	...	145	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	60	...	...	623,295	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	150	...	...	35	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	155	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	45	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	90	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	220	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	15	...	...	645,635	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	15	...	...	435,225	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	403,225	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	15	...	...	886,180	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	4.6	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
One person or fewer per room	295	...	...	145	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	255	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Suitable	290	...	...	140	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	225	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	10	...	...	142,775	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	90	...	...	879,375	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	35	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	75	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	15	...	...	509,120	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	10	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	0	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	140	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	250	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	10	...	...	236,110	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
One-maintainer household	200	...	...	95	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	155	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	50	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	115	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	270	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	10	...	...	117,525	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	45	...	...	525,540	...	...	55	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	20	...	...	647,165	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	20	...	...	628,630	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	15	...	...	760,395	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	15	...	...	629,965	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	15	...	...	336,170	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	225	...	...	110	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	230	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	40	...	...	595,690	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	35	...	...	542,060	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	295	...	...	150	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	60	...	...	901,440	...	...	100	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	40	...	...	537,090	...	...	40	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	10	...	...	112,775	...	...	35	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	10	...	...	179,840	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	215	...	...	95	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	285	...	...	145	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	270	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	20	...	...	218,275	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	250	...	...	125	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	40	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	60	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	78.3	...	...	62.5	...	...	62.2	...	...	41.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...	2,280	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,800	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,280	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	800,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	760,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	620,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	185	...	...	110	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	215	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.7	...	...	36.4	...	...	25.2	...	...	16.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	19.0	...	...	11.9	...	...	9.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	785	...	...	810	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	860	...	...	886	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	535	245	285	280	110	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	610	280	325
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	10	10	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	10	10	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	0	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	0	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	505	235	275	275	110	170	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	610	280	325
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	535	245	285	285	110	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	280	330
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	445	210	235	270	100	170	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	485	215	270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	45	40	55	20	40	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	95	50	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	365	170	190	215	85	130	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	390	165	225
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	35	50	15	10	0	518,265	264,490	253,775	125	65	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	535	245	285	285	110	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	605	280	330
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	305	140	170	240	85	155	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	365	155	210
Immigrants⁸¹	190	95	100	35	10	20	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	190	95	95
Before 1980	0	0	0	10	0	10	187,200	91,895	95,300	25	15	0
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	10	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	15	0	0	0	190,495	91,635	98,860	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	50	20	25	10	10	0	312,210	150,825	161,390	50	20	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	50	60	0	0	0	396,090	192,745	203,340	95	50	45
2011 to 2015	75	40	35	0	0	0	193,345	93,485	99,855	30	20	15
2016 to 2021	30	15	20	0	0	0	202,740	99,260	103,480	65	35	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	20	10	10	0	205,770	113,500	92,275	50	30	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	185	95	95	35	10	20	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	190	95	95
Under 5 years	10	0	10	0	0	0	112,295	56,755	55,540	25	0	20
5 to 14 years	30	20	10	0	0	0	201,385	101,555	99,835	25	25	0
15 to 24 years	25	10	20	10	0	10	213,035	96,175	116,860	35	15	20
25 to 44 years	120	50	65	15	10	0	594,845	292,975	301,875	100	50	55
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	185	95	95	35	10	20	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	190	95	95
Americas	75	30	45	15	0	10	264,885	121,740	143,145	35	20	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	35	20	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	20	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20	15	10	0	309,015	154,110	154,910	30	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	45	25	20	0	0	0	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	45	15	30	0	0	0	302,010	153,655	148,355	120	60	60
Algeria	25	0	15	0	0	0	72,835	37,535	35,295	85	40	40
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0	68,865	34,810	34,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	30	15	15
Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	15	20	0	0	0	202,740	99,265	103,480	65	30	30
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	30	15	15	0	0	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	50	25	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	50	25	25
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	535	250	290	280	105	175	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	605	280	330
First generation¹⁰⁰	225	105	115	45	20	25	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	240	125	115
Second generation¹⁰¹	65	25	35	55	35	20	883,485	446,000	437,490	120	55	65
Third generation or more¹⁰²	245	115	130	185	55	130	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	250	105	150
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	185	90	100	25	15	15	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	165	80	85
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	60	80	15	15	0	559,935	290,040	269,895	115	70	45
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	80	45	35	10	10	0	267,870	161,125	106,740	60	40	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	20	45	0	0	0	292,070	128,915	163,155	55	30	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	20	10	10	0	10	272,255	109,735	162,515	50	10	40
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	0	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	185	90	100	25	15	15	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	165	80	85
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	15	0	10	0	10	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	15	0	0	0	94,185	46,445	47,740	10	0	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	0	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	20	15	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	50	80	10	10	0	756,120	358,700	397,420	135	65	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	535	250	290	280	105	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	610	280	325
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	165	75	90	35	15	20	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	185	90	95
South Asian	15	10	0	0	0	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	0	0	0	422,405	206,335	216,070	80	40	40
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	70	25	40	0	0	0	280,075	146,990	133,085	80	40	40
Latin American	65	30	35	10	0	10	172,925	85,035	87,880	25	10	15
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	370	175	200	250	90	155	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	425	190	235
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	535	245	285	285	105	175	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	605	280	330
Canadian	105	45	65	50	25	25	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	105	45	55
English	10	0	10	10	0	0	177,710	88,910	88,800	0	0	0
Irish	20	10	10	45	10	30	404,190	193,440	210,745	30	10	20
Scottish	15	10	10	0	0	0	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	70	75	110	35	80	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	95	55	40
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	20	20	0	0	0	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	15	20	0	15	316,315	157,600	158,720	25	15	10
Indian (India)	20	20	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	10	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	30	10	20	931,940	465,630	466,305	55	25	25
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	40	0	35	30	0	25	588,805	290,630	298,180	30	0	25
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	10	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	20	0	0	0	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	15	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	45	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	20	15	10	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	55	20	30
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10	0	0	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	0	0	0	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	10	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	20	15	0	0	0	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	35	15	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	60	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	15	20	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	20	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	15	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	15	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	530	250	290	280	105	175	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	610	280	325
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	255	130	125	105	40	65	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	320	135	190
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	45	20	20
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	230	120	105	100	35	65	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	265	110	155
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	85	30	55	0	0	0	421,710	218,255	203,455	120	60	65
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	195	90	100	165	65	95	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	155	90	70
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	525	245	285	275	100	175	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	610	280	330
Non-movers	440	210	230	235	80	155	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	505	235	275
Movers	85	40	55	40	20	20	945,290	466,750	478,540	105	50	60
Non-migrants	65	30	40	30	15	15	543,670	268,740	274,925	95	45	55
Migrants	30	10	20	0	0	0	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	25	10	15	0	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	500	240	260	265	105	160	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	590	275	315
Non-movers	235	110	125	150	50	95	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	265	125	145
Movers	270	130	135	115	50	65	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	325	150	170
Non-migrants	200	90	105	75	25	50	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	180	75	105
Migrants	65	35	30	40	25	20	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	140	75	70
Internal migrants	20	15	0	35	20	20	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	50	20	35
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	20	10	10	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	50	20	35
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	45	20	30	10	10	0	320,090	166,115	153,975	90	55	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	45	25	30	0	30	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	95	40	55
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	380	165	215	200	90	115	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	405	185	220
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	320	135	190	170	85	85	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	335	160	170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	20	15	10	0	10	642,800	382,415	260,380	30	10	25
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	110	175	155	80	75	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	305	150	155
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	20	30	0	25	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	90	35	50
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	40	20	20	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	95	55	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	340	145	195	160	65	90	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	310	135	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	55	70	90	45	45	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	170	65	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	20	15	15	0	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	80	30	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	10	0	10	793,030	427,220	365,815	70	30	45
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	65	40	30	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	80	25	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	25	10	0	0	252,815	102,150	150,665	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	210	85	125	70	25	45	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	145	70	75
Bachelor's degree	130	65	60	30	10	25	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	75	35	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	0	0	0	149,425	66,595	82,825	25	20	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	55	15	40	25	10	20	360,795	174,150	186,645	30	15	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	10	0	0	63,270	36,320	26,955	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	320	130	190	165	80	85	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	330	160	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	10	15	0	10	525,155	303,815	221,345	25	0	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10	0	0	25	15	10	752,855	388,160	364,700	40	35	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	110	175	130	60	70	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	265	115	145
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	40	60	70	40	30	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	135	60	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	10	15	10	0	10	836,455	498,385	338,075	65	30	40
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	10	10	0	0	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	60	20	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	25	30	45	35	10	838,140	372,455	465,685	65	25	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	10	0	0	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	180	70	110	55	20	35	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	125	60	65
Bachelor's degree	110	55	55	25	10	15	802,755	343,100	459,650	65	30	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	0	0	0	119,460	50,155	69,310	30	20	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	45	0	40	25	10	15	302,065	140,530	161,530	20	15	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	49,500	26,520	22,985	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	495	220	275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	65	45	70	20	50	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	185	90	100
Education	45	20	30	0	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
13. Education	45	20	30	0	0	0	292,470	65,830	226,640	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	15	0	0	166,900	75,420	91,480	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	10	0	0	143,365	58,875	84,490	0	0	0
Humanities	25	0	20	20	10	10	228,770	90,810	137,960	35	15	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	10	35	25	10	20	430,845	142,280	288,570	30	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	15	0	10	57,080	19,060	38,020	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	20	10	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	75	30	45	15	10	0	950,820	357,290	593,535	90	30	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	30	45	15	10	0	894,690	344,770	549,925	80	30	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	15	0	10	158,655	83,605	75,050	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	10	0	0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	15	10	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	40	10	20	0	15	866,885	778,835	88,060	55	35	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	20	0	0	0	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	15	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	25	0	20	515,215	101,455	413,760	45	0	40
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	20	15	0	15	470,150	78,875	391,275	40	0	40
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	10	15	0	10	291,295	157,925	133,365	25	20	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	154,335	42,710	111,625	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	320	130	190	170	85	85	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	335	155	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	20	15	45	20	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	75	40	30
Education	35	15	25	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	35	15	25	0	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	0	0	0	129,065	58,170	70,895	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	0	0	0	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0
Humanities	15	0	15	0	0	0	144,140	56,410	87,730	15	15	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	25	25	15	15	334,475	103,635	230,840	25	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	0	10	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	15	10	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	65	20	45	15	10	0	741,390	268,705	472,685	75	35	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	20	45	15	10	0	697,775	259,725	438,045	60	35	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	10	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	10	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	15	0	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	10	10	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	15	0	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	35	0	20	0	15	665,365	588,950	76,415	55	30	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0	0	0
14. Engineering	25	20	0	0	0	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	15	10	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	15	15	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	20	0	10	387,725	74,730	312,995	40	0	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	10	0	10	352,905	58,735	294,170	35	0	35
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	0	15	0	10	229,120	122,320	106,800	25	15	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	10	0	10	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	320	130	190	170	85	85	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	335	155	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	20	15	45	20	20	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	75	40	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	285	110	175	125	60	65	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	260	120	140
Location of study inside Canada	170	55	115	115	45	60	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	190	80	110
Same as province or territory of residence	165	55	110	105	45	60	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	185	75	110
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	50	60	15	15	0	414,490	209,160	205,330	70	40	35
Americas	35	15	20	0	0	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	30	15	15	0	138,260	74,045	64,210	20	15	10
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	40	15	25	0	0	0	77,225	43,085	34,135	20	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0	95,260	49,800	45,460	40	25	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	30	15	15
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	500	225	275
In the labour force	310	145	160	150	65	85	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	315	150	170
Employed	275	135	145	140	60	75	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	260	115	145
Unemployed	30	10	25	10	0	10	335,015	176,245	158,775	50	35	15
Not in the labour force	150	70	80	80	25	55	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	180	75	110
Participation rate	68.9	69.0	66.7	65.2	72.2	60.7	64.1	67.4	60.9	63.0	66.7	61.8
Employment rate	61.1	64.3	60.4	60.9	66.7	53.6	59.3	62.3	56.3	52.0	51.1	52.7
Unemployment rate	9.7	6.9	15.6	6.7	0.0	11.8	7.6	7.7	7.4	15.9	23.3	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	450	210	240	230	90	140	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	495	220	275
Did not work¹⁸⁶	145	60	80	75	25	55	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	180	70	105
Worked	310	145	165	155	70	85	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	320	155	170
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	150	80	70	80	50	30	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	115	50	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	70	85	75	20	60	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	210	105	105
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	40.8	39.8	42.8	46.0	40.0	41.3	41.7	40.8	35.1	35.2	35.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	310	145	165	155	65	90	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	145	165
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	300	145	155	150	65	85	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	310	145	165
Employee	265	140	130	130	65	70	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	245	110	135
Permanent position	200	115	85	120	55	65	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	200	90	115
Temporary position	65	20	45	15	10	0	623,510	296,655	326,850	40	20	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	0	20	0	0	0	217,905	94,210	123,700	20	10	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	20	30	10	0	0	405,605	202,450	203,155	20	15	10
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	10	30	20	0	15	530,720	324,555	206,165	65	35	30
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	310	145	165	155	65	90	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	145	165
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	300	145	155	150	65	85	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	310	145	165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	15	35	25	20	0	778,905	256,150	522,760	75	25	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	30	15	25	10	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	15	0	0
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	20	0	15	359,665	70,075	289,590	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	25	40	15	10	10	558,725	166,020	392,700	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15	10	0	0	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	50	30	25	25	0	20	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	115	55	60
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	35	0	10	0	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	55	55	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	15	0	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	310	145	165	155	65	90	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	315	145	165
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	300	145	155	150	65	85	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	310	145	165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	10	10	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	15	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	25	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	20	15	0	30	25	10	514,090	248,905	265,185	50	25	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	30	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	0	0	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	0	0	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	15	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	10	35	15	25	345,345	193,365	151,985	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	25	10	10
61 Educational services	45	20	25	20	10	15	340,885	104,300	236,590	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	20	10	10	617,200	122,675	494,525	50	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	0	0	0	232,480	109,950	122,530	20	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	0	0	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	20	0	15
91 Public administration	30	15	15	10	0	10	290,765	144,705	146,055	10	0	10
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	315	150	170	160	70	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	365	180	190
English	10	10	0	0	0	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	15	0	10
French	160	60	100	75	30	40	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	215	100	120
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	130	75	55	70	25	45	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	115	70	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	20	10	10	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	315	150	170	160	70	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	365	180	190
Single responses	275	125	150	150	65	85	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	345	165	175
Official languages	275	125	150	150	65	85	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	335	160	175
English	40	30	10	30	10	15	668,485	365,785	302,695	25	0	10
French	235	95	140	120	50	70	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	310	155	160
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	25	10	0	0	269,365	142,370	126,995	20	0	10
English and French	25	15	15	10	0	0	249,945	132,640	117,300	20	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	315	150	170	160	70	90	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	365	180	190
None	200	80	120	80	45	40	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	265	115	150
English	85	40	45	40	10	25	720,960	391,075	329,885	90	55	30
French	25	25	0	20	10	15	302,145	161,340	140,805	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	275	135	140	140	60	75	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	260	115	150
Worked at home	75	35	40	40	20	15	897,770	435,285	462,480	40	0	35
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	15	0	0	0	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	25	15	10
Usual place of work	175	85	95	90	35	55	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	100	100
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	175	85	90	90	35	55	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	95	100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	65	85	80	30	50	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	170	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	0	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	0	0	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	30	20	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	195	100	100	95	35	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	220	110	115
Car, truck or van	120	60	60	20	10	15	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	115	70	45
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	55	50	20	10	10	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	115	70	45
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	0	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	50	20	30	35	0	30	287,345	120,460	166,885	75	15	60
Walked	20	15	0	15	10	10	178,645	78,570	100,075	30	15	20
Bicycle	10	0	0	20	15	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	195	100	100	95	35	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	220	110	115
Less than 15 minutes	15	10	10	15	0	15	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	45	25	20
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	30	45	20	25	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	80	35	45
30 to 44 minutes	90	40	45	25	0	20	635,870	363,430	272,445	75	40	35
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	0	0	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	15	10	10	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	195	100	100	95	35	60	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	220	110	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	10	10	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	20	15	15	10	10	569,745	368,480	201,265	30	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	20	40	15	10	10	935,640	441,465	494,170	50	20	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	20	20	20	10	10	626,895	259,220	367,675	45	10	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	15	15	0	15	330,930	142,495	188,435	35	10	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	15	0	15	489,685	284,160	205,530	50	45	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	80	40	40	40	15	20	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	115	60	55
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	10	0	5	303,835	156,030	147,805	15	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	30	10	20	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	95	50	45
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	50	25	25	25	10	20	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	80	45	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	5	0	0	230,080	118,075	112,005	15	10	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	5	0	0	0	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	5	0	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	5	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	10	0	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	20	20	10	15	992,895	508,315	484,580	70	35	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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