Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24662004More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24661509More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	550	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	580	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	322	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	345	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	311	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	316	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14,175.3	...	...	6.5	...	...	12,473.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.04	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	550	265	285	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	580	315	265
0 to 14 years	70	40	35	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	70	40	25
0 to 4 years	30	15	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	30	15	15
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	478,955	245,295	233,665	25	15	10
10 to 14 years	15	10	10	489,425	250,855	238,570	15	5	10
15 to 64 years	390	190	205	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	465	260	205
15 to 19 years	15	10	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	460,660	235,250	225,405	30	20	15
25 to 29 years	45	15	30	527,150	266,455	260,700	95	45	45
30 to 34 years	65	20	40	536,040	267,770	268,270	80	40	40
35 to 39 years	70	45	25	550,425	274,350	276,075	65	35	30
40 to 44 years	50	20	30	572,565	286,405	286,160	50	30	25
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	516,465	259,565	256,905	40	20	15
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	522,935	262,610	260,325	40	20	15
55 to 59 years	35	20	15	615,690	307,230	308,465	35	20	10
60 to 64 years	35	10	20	625,610	307,710	317,900	20	15	5
65 years and over	85	40	45	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	45	15	25
65 to 69 years	25	10	15	541,970	264,020	277,950	15	10	10
70 to 74 years	25	20	10	455,900	217,985	237,910	15	5	5
75 to 79 years	15	10	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	210,405	90,825	119,580	5	5	5
85 years and over	10	5	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	131,755	50,610	81,150	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	5	5	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.7	15.1	12.3	16.4	17.0	15.8	12.1	12.7	9.4
15 to 64 years	70.9	71.7	71.9	63.0	63.9	62.1	80.2	82.5	77.4
65 years and over	15.5	15.1	15.8	20.6	19.1	22.1	7.8	4.8	9.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.9	1.8	2.5	1.8	3.2	1.7	1.6	0.0
Average age of the population	41.3	41.4	41.4	42.8	41.8	43.7	37.4	37.0	37.8
Median age of the population	39.6	39.6	39.2	43.2	42.0	44.0	35.2	36.0	34.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	271,245	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	260	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	30	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	15,745	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
1 person	165	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	427,605	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	550	265	285	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	580	315	265
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	475	230	250	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	510	275	240
Married or living common-law	225	115	110	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	250	135	110
Married	125	65	60	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	110	60	55
Living common-law	105	50	50	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	140	75	60
Living common law - Never married	95	45	45	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	130	75	55
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	10	10	0	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	250	110	140	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	260	140	125
Not married and not living common law - Never married	185	90	100	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	220	125	95
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	10	5	106,275	48,095	58,175	5	5	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	15	25	494,210	197,455	296,755	30	10	15
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	380,100	89,515	290,580	15	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	135	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	95	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	454,980	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	412,850	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	55	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	502,020	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	609,605	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	828,005	...	...	65	...	...
With children⁶	20	...	...	401,885	...	...	15	...	...
Without children	30	...	...	426,120	...	...	55	...	...
Total one-parent families	25	...	...	383,775	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	284,025	...	...	15	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	99,755	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	550	265	285	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	580	315	265
Total - Persons in census families	355	170	180	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	360	195	165
Married spouses or common-law partners	225	110	110	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	245	130	115
Parents in one-parent families	25	5	20	383,780	99,755	284,020	20	5	15
Children⁶	110	60	55	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	100	60	40
In a two-parent family	75	40	35	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	70	45	25
In a one-parent family	30	15	20	585,820	317,400	268,415	25	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	200	95	105	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	220	125	100
Living alone	165	75	90	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	150	80	65
Living with other relatives⁷	10	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	15	5	10
Living with non-relatives only	20	15	10	268,810	158,325	110,485	60	35	25
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	125	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	140	...	...
Couple-family households	110	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	120	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	851,835	...	...	45	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	982,260	...	...	75	...	...
One-parent-family households	20	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10	...	...	139,280	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	165	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	150	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	480	230	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	510	275	235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	220	245	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	500	265	235
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,400	40,400	40,800	44,800	37,200	40,800	38,800	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	220	245	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	500	265	235
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,400	36,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	35,600	35,600	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	205	220	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	475	255	220
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	30,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	34,400	35,600	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350	175	175	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	430	235	195
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,000	36,000	36,000	40,400	31,600	34,400	35,200	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	170	215	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	400	210	195
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	11,500	10,100	11,500	10,200	12,300	8,900	8,100	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70	35	35	837,635	441,080	396,550	75	40	40
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,640	5,520	5,520	5,600	6,240	6,280	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	140	70	65	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	185	105	75
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	9,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,500	8,800	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	450	210	240	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	200	240	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	555	305	255
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,400	50,400	44,800	51,160	57,550	44,960	54,800	58,800	50,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	200	240	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	555	305	255
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	42,000	38,400	41,840	45,760	38,000	44,800	47,600	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	190	210	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	530	295	230
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,000	39,200	45,480	52,900	38,000	49,400	53,200	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	155	165	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	485	270	205
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	50,000	43,200	46,240	51,950	40,040	48,200	51,600	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	360	155	205	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	475	250	220
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,720	12,400	11,200	12,410	11,500	13,220	9,400	8,300	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50	30	25	837,180	441,665	395,515	55	25	30
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,200	5,200	7,040	6,380	7,780	11,200	7,600	14,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	55	45	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	215	120	100
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,400	10,800	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,200	9,600	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	455	215	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	85	75	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	215	120	95
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	64,000	60,000	58,400	62,800	53,600	66,000	66,500	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	69,000	64,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	76,000	90,000	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	150	65	85	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	220	115	100
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	29,000	17,800	18,600	21,400	16,600	14,700	14,700	14,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	32,000	27,600	28,160	32,120	24,360	27,200	24,400	30,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	82.0	78.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	85.0	88.0	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.0	76.0	66.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	76.5	80.0	71.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.2	18.5	21.6	20.1	15.8	25.6	14.6	11.8	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.5	2.0	2.2	1.0	3.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	5.6	5.5	5.4	4.8	6.1	7.2	7.1	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.6	4.3	5.1	6.5	6.6	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	475	230	250	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	275	235
Without total income	10	5	5	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	5	5
With total income	470	220	245	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	500	270	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	10	20	462,400	204,245	258,155	25	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	45	15	35	809,375	334,315	475,065	50	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	70	40	35	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	85	45	40
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	40	896,520	414,070	482,445	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	45	849,005	411,680	437,325	55	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	35	10	25	687,020	345,720	341,305	40	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	15	503,110	271,695	231,415	40	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	35	15	15	367,455	208,475	158,980	25	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	284,690	158,760	125,930	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	198,140	112,355	85,780	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	30	20	10	556,780	365,700	191,080	45	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	385,890	245,635	140,260	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	170,890	120,065	50,820	15	10	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	475	230	250	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	275	235
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	5	5
With after-tax income	470	220	245	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	500	270	230
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	10	20	495,035	214,000	281,030	25	20	10
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	30	853,250	356,480	496,765	55	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	90	50	40	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	110	60	50
$30,000 to $39,999	95	40	55	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	85	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	45	994,235	505,970	488,265	65	35	30
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	691,015	372,870	318,145	40	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	20	459,665	251,490	208,170	45	20	25
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	292,135	160,985	131,150	30	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	5	174,905	104,610	70,295	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	106,165	67,055	39,105	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	229,765	156,750	73,020	20	10	10
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	119,125	78,615	40,515	10	5	0
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	110,635	78,130	32,505	10	5	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	475	230	250	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	510	275	235
Without employment income	125	55	75	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	85	40	40
With employment income	350	175	175	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	425	235	195
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30	10	15	644,075	331,770	312,300	60	30	25
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	401,185	180,585	220,595	35	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	20	603,350	273,725	329,620	65	35	35
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	15	488,000	239,620	248,380	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	25	485,845	242,230	243,610	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	25	5	20	403,980	217,425	186,560	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	320,700	184,770	135,935	30	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	250,635	147,020	103,615	25	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	5	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	422,055	285,910	136,145	40	30	15
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	5	205,085	133,500	71,585	15	15	0
$125,000 and over	10	10	0	216,965	152,410	64,555	25	15	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	480	230	250	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	510	275	235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	460	215	245	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	490	265	230
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,400	34,000	38,400	43,200	34,000	38,000	39,600	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	460	215	245	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	490	265	230
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,800	32,000	34,000	37,600	30,600	33,600	34,800	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	425	200	220	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	460	250	210
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	30,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	37,200	38,400	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345	165	175	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	415	230	190
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	34,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	36,800	38,400	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	150	205	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	370	190	180
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,800	2,960	5,440	7,800	5,640	9,100	2,020	1,450	2,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40	20	25	727,165	390,255	336,910	55	30	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	5,000	8,000	5,000	4,760	5,280	4,280	4,040	6,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	450	210	240	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	440	200	235	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	535	285	250
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	46,400	39,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	75,200	101,000	46,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	440	200	235	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	535	285	250
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	38,400	34,000	39,600	44,000	35,320	59,200	78,000	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	385	180	205	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	505	275	230
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,800	36,400	45,920	53,800	37,920	75,600	101,000	45,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	300	145	150	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	470	260	210
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	49,000	40,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	76,400	102,000	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	320	140	175	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	410	220	190
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,300	9,800	10,700	9,450	8,430	10,320	4,820	3,680	6,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	15	20	727,815	390,880	336,935	45	25	20
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	7,000	13,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	7,400	4,400	10,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	455	215	245	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	155	85	75	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	210	110	95
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	62,800	49,200	54,800	60,000	49,200	58,000	60,400	51,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,000	64,000	56,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	131,000	204,000	51,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	135	60	75	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	210	110	100
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	31,200	21,000	23,600	27,200	21,000	22,600	22,600	25,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	33,000	27,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	33,600	29,200	38,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	86.0	80.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	95.0	98.0	90.0
Employment income (%)	71.0	76.0	66.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	90.0	92.0	82.0
Government transfers (%)	17.2	14.8	20.4	14.9	10.8	20.2	4.9	2.8	10.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.2	2.8	1.6	1.3	2.0	0.9	0.4	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	72,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	63,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	165	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	38,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	34,400	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	145	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	83,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	300	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	92,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	75,200	...	...	73,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	49,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	41,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	35,920	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	52,080	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	82,470	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	218,185	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	144,420	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	143,285	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	166,990	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	310,880	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	280,505	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	255,770	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	235,235	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	208,320	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	414,805	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	282,590	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	307,835	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	239,060	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	310	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	315	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	40,590	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	53,600	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	87,695	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	234,875	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	177,135	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	180,150	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	213,760	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	210,280	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	193,530	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	356,325	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	322,530	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	289,580	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	254,885	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	216,370	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	892,775	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	387,835	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	225,830	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	279,105	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	135	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	991,710	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	907,765	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	368,845	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	185	90	95	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	205	110	90
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	37,600	39,600	36,800	39,200	34,800	34,400	34,000	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	33,600	35,600	33,200	34,800	31,600	31,600	31,200	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	140	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	992,110	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	156,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	909,160	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	367,155	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	150	70	85	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	285	165	120
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	46,000	54,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	41,200	36,000	49,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	40,000	44,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	34,800	31,200	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	550	265	285	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	580	315	265
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	75	45	30
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	515,725	264,785	250,935	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	385	185	200	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	455	255	205
65 years and over	85	40	45	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	45	20	25
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	40	40	992,235	463,295	528,940	80	50	30
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	159,530	82,000	77,530	15	10	0
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	45	20	25	515,470	256,435	259,035	60	35	25
65 years and over	20	15	5	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.0	15.2	11.9	11.2	12.7	13.8	15.2	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	16.0	20.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	14.0	24.0	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	10.0	14.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	12.8	14.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	24.0	36.0	16.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	20.0	x	25.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	550	265	285	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	580	315	265
0 to 17 years	80	40	40	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	75	40	30
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	511,400	262,535	248,860	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	380	180	200	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	460	250	205
65 years and over	90	45	50	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	50	20	30
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	15	35	439,850	223,055	216,795	45	25	15
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	35	5	25	313,970	167,015	146,955	35	25	10
65 years and over	10	5	0	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	6.0	12.0	5.3	5.4	5.2	7.6	8.5	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	x	12.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	4.0	13.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	8.5	10.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	16.0	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	8.0	x	16.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	550	265	285	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	580	315	265
In bottom half of the distribution	340	160	180	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	340	185	150
In bottom decile	70	30	45	851,840	407,705	444,140	70	40	30
In second decile	80	45	35	920,490	434,730	485,760	100	55	45
In third decile	85	30	50	969,255	471,650	497,600	65	30	35
In fourth decile	70	35	35	978,345	482,760	495,590	65	35	30
In fifth decile	35	20	20	947,090	473,285	473,810	40	25	15
In top half of the distribution	205	105	100	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	240	130	115
In sixth decile	55	30	20	899,660	454,970	444,690	50	20	25
In seventh decile	45	15	30	837,225	425,400	411,830	50	25	30
In eighth decile	50	25	30	752,410	383,450	368,955	70	40	30
In ninth decile	30	20	15	634,425	325,700	308,730	45	25	20
In top decile	25	15	5	517,725	267,160	250,565	30	20	15
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	550	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	580	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.336	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.438	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.290	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
English only	15	10	5	445,575	228,840	216,735	30	15	10
French only	195	90	100	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	120	65	55
English and French	335	165	170	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	425	230	200
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
English	30	20	15	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	90	45	40
French	460	220	240	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	450	250	200
English and French	50	25	25	329,515	169,050	160,465	35	20	20
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	79,000	33,590	45,410	5	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
Single responses	525	255	270	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	555	300	250
Official languages	400	190	210	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	430	245	190
English	15	5	5	639,365	323,170	316,195	50	25	25
French	385	180	205	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	385	220	165
Non-official languages	130	65	60	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	120	60	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	60	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	120	60	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	5	5
Berber languages	10	10	5	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	5	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	40	595,790	290,670	305,115	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	68,295	30,855	37,435	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	67,565	30,570	36,995	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25,580	12,440	13,140	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	101,450	52,780	48,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	30	346,000	167,870	178,130	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	30	15	20
Portuguese	5	0	5	41,545	19,890	21,650	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	30	177,155	86,490	90,660	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	5	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	30	15	15
English and French	10	5	0	126,405	64,585	61,820	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	49,485	24,660	24,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
English	10	5	5	623,305	313,780	309,520	45	25	25
French	345	165	180	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	330	185	145
Non-official language	35	20	20	366,730	177,410	189,315	40	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	343,650	165,830	177,825	40	20	20
English and French	40	20	20	497,380	256,735	240,645	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	205,755	102,290	103,470	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	375,795	179,585	196,210	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	284,940	141,275	143,665	40	15	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
Single responses	495	240	255	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	530	285	245
Official languages	420	200	220	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	475	265	215
English	20	10	10	874,185	438,570	435,615	85	45	40
French	405	195	205	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	395	215	175
Non-official languages	70	35	35	662,615	322,860	339,750	50	20	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	35	628,365	305,820	322,555	50	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	5	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	30	336,635	164,100	172,535	30	10	20
Albanian	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	39,725	18,855	20,870	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	39,575	18,795	20,775	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	182,585	88,060	94,525	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	10	5	10
Portuguese	5	0	0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	20	112,915	55,870	57,050	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	67,120	31,725	35,390	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	66,880	31,610	35,275	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	357,245	176,070	181,175	50	30	25
English and French	15	5	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	20	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	0	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	116,595	56,445	60,150	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	550	265	285	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	580	315	265
None	435	210	225	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	465	255	210
English	40	20	20	353,690	183,470	170,225	35	20	20
French	20	10	15	259,425	127,380	132,040	25	15	10
Non-official language	30	15	15	269,715	129,830	139,890	25	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	264,405	127,330	137,070	25	10	10
English and French	10	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	76,755	38,765	37,990	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	55,860	26,915	28,945	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	535	245	290	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	635	345	290
Official languages	520	240	285	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	620	335	280
English	300	140	160	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	505	285	220
French	515	240	280	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	605	325	280
Non-official languages	220	90	125	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	215	100	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	220	90	125	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	215	100	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	385,210	201,105	184,100	40	20	20
Berber languages	20	10	10	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	10	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	25	45	363,875	190,005	173,870	40	20	20
Amharic	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	70	25	45	343,675	179,750	163,930	40	20	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	15	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	15	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	50	90	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	140	60	80
Albanian	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	15	136,020	71,180	64,840	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90,745	48,355	42,395	10	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	50	75	684,830	324,095	360,735	135	55	80
Catalan	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	30	10	25
Portuguese	20	0	20	65,605	33,005	32,600	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	115	45	70	453,905	210,400	243,505	95	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	107,415	49,840	57,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	106,915	49,630	57,285	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	535	250	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	635	345	290
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	10	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	525	245	280	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	625	340	285
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	535	250	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	635	345	290
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	535	250	290	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	630	340	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Owner	110	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	70	...	...
Renter	185	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	265	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Condominium	90	...	...	515,590	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	210	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	32,020	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	623,295	...	...	130	...	...
2 bedrooms	150	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	30	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	35	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	730,330	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	200	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	645,635	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	435,225	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	403,225	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.9	...	...	5.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
One person or fewer per room	295	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	340	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Suitable	290	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	335	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	142,775	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	879,375	...	...	190	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	509,120	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2015	20	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	217,715	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	280	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	315	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	236,110	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
One-maintainer household	200	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	200	...	...
Two-maintainer household	95	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	115	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	117,525	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	525,540	...	...	120	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	647,165	...	...	70	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	628,630	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	760,395	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	629,965	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	336,170	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	295	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	330	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	225	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	265	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	70	...	...	595,690	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	60	...	...	542,060	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	295	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	901,440	...	...	85	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	537,090	...	...	60	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	0	...	...	179,840	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	215	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	285	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	335	...	...
In core need	40	...	...	218,275	...	...	25	...	...
Not in core need	250	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	70	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	78.3	...	...	62.2	...	...	50.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	620,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	185	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.7	...	...	25.2	...	...	23.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	11.9	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	810	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	886	...	...	1,030	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	535	245	285	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	640	345	290
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	10	10	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	10	10	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	10	10	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	10	10	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	505	235	275	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	620	335	280
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	535	245	285	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	635	350	290
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	445	210	235	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	515	290	220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	45	40	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	65	40	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	365	170	190	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	445	255	195
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	35	50	518,265	264,490	253,775	125	55	70
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	535	245	285	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	635	350	290
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	305	140	170	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	400	230	170
Immigrants⁸¹	190	95	100	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	145	80	65
Before 1980	0	0	0	187,200	91,895	95,300	35	15	25
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	15	190,495	91,635	98,860	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	50	20	25	312,210	150,825	161,390	50	25	25
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	50	60	396,090	192,745	203,340	25	15	15
2011 to 2015	75	40	35	193,345	93,485	99,855	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	30	15	20	202,740	99,260	103,480	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	20	205,770	113,500	92,275	90	35	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	185	95	95	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	145	80	65
Under 5 years	10	0	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	15	15	0
5 to 14 years	30	20	10	201,385	101,555	99,835	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	25	10	20	213,035	96,175	116,860	30	15	10
25 to 44 years	120	50	65	594,845	292,975	301,875	95	40	50
45 years and over	0	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	185	95	95	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	145	80	65
Americas	75	30	45	264,885	121,740	143,145	35	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	29,670	13,540	16,125	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	20	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	55	35	20	309,015	154,110	154,910	60	40	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	45	25	20	93,160	49,870	43,290	40	30	10
Germany	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	15	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	45	15	30	302,010	153,655	148,355	15	0	15
Algeria	25	0	15	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	68,865	34,810	34,060	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	118,820	60,455	58,360	10	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	332,925	158,445	174,475	35	20	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	15	20	202,740	99,265	103,480	25	15	10
Americas	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	33,705	17,520	16,185	10	15	0
France	0	0	0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10	15	0
Germany	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	30	15	15	70,310	34,215	36,095	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	535	250	290	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	635	345	290
First generation¹⁰⁰	225	105	115	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	260	130	125
Second generation¹⁰¹	65	25	35	883,485	446,000	437,490	100	40	60
Third generation or more¹⁰²	245	115	130	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	280	170	105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	185	90	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	110	65	45
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	60	80	559,935	290,040	269,895	75	45	30
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	80	45	35	267,870	161,125	106,740	40	25	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	20	45	292,070	128,915	163,155	35	20	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	20	10	272,255	109,735	162,515	20	0	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	15	15	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	185	90	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	110	65	45
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	15	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	15	94,185	46,445	47,740	25	15	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	20	15	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	50	80	756,120	358,700	397,420	50	30	20
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	535	250	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	635	345	290
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	165	75	90	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	155	80	75
South Asian	15	10	0	127,990	67,140	60,850	25	20	0
Chinese	0	0	0	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	422,405	206,335	216,070	10	0	10
Filipino	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	70	25	40	280,075	146,990	133,085	40	15	20
Latin American	65	30	35	172,925	85,035	87,880	50	25	25
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	15	0	10
West Asian	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	370	175	200	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	475	265	215
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	535	245	285	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	635	350	290
Canadian	105	45	65	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	90	60	30
English	10	0	10	177,710	88,910	88,800	15	10	0
Irish	20	10	10	404,190	193,440	210,745	35	30	10
Scottish	15	10	10	192,685	93,120	99,565	10	10	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	70	75	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	210	115	95
German	0	0	0	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	20	20	0	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	15	316,315	157,600	158,720	65	20	45
Indian (India)	20	20	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	63,505	31,010	32,495	15	10	0
Québécois	15	10	0	931,940	465,630	466,305	30	20	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	40	0	35	588,805	290,630	298,180	45	25	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	0	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	15	0	10	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	20	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	25	20	10
Russian	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	77,735	37,960	39,775	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	15	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	15	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	15	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	25	15	10
Iranian	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10	34,305	16,985	17,320	15	0	15
Mennonite	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	15	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	39,485	18,805	20,680	20	10	10
Moroccan	10	0	10	81,230	41,590	39,635	20	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	10	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	20	15	0	65,860	33,955	31,905	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	15	20	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	15	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	15	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	530	250	290	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	635	345	290
Buddhist	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	10	0	10
Christian	255	130	125	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	175	95	75
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	10	0	0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	230	120	105	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	160	85	70
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	25	10	15
Muslim	85	30	55	421,710	218,255	203,455	20	0	15
Sikh	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	195	90	100	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	390	220	165
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	525	245	285	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	630	340	290
Non-movers	440	210	230	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	490	265	225
Movers	85	40	55	945,290	466,750	478,540	140	75	60
Non-migrants	65	30	40	543,670	268,740	274,925	125	65	60
Migrants	30	10	20	401,625	198,010	203,615	10	10	0
Internal migrants	25	10	15	349,095	170,740	178,355	10	10	0
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	10	10	0
External migrants	0	0	0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	500	240	260	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	610	330	280
Non-movers	235	110	125	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	320	180	140
Movers	270	130	135	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	290	150	140
Non-migrants	200	90	105	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	160	95	65
Migrants	65	35	30	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	130	55	80
Internal migrants	20	15	0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	55	30	30
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	50	30	20
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	45	20	30	320,090	166,115	153,975	75	25	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	455	210	240	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	70	45	25	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	65	40	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	380	165	215	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	510	270	235
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	320	135	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	465	265	205
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	40	20	15	642,800	382,415	260,380	25	20	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	280	110	175	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	440	240	195
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	450	210	240	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	20	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	65	30	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	30	25	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	90	60	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	340	145	195	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	425	215	210
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	55	70	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	130	80	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	20	15	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	20	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	15	10	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	20	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	20	10	10	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	65	30	35	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	95	55	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	25	252,815	102,150	150,665	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree or higher	210	85	125	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	295	135	160
Bachelor's degree	130	65	60	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	120	50	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	149,425	66,595	82,825	35	20	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	43,755	20,810	22,940	10	0	0
Master's degree	55	15	40	360,795	174,150	186,645	120	40	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	63,270	36,320	26,955	25	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	320	130	190	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	460	260	200
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	10	525,155	303,815	221,345	25	15	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10	0	0	752,855	388,160	364,700	65	55	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	110	175	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	380	190	190
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	40	60	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	90	55	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	10	15	836,455	498,385	338,075	20	15	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	20	10	10	609,895	319,470	290,425	15	15	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	55	25	30	838,140	372,455	465,685	55	40	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	174,695	72,115	102,580	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	180	70	110	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	290	135	150
Bachelor's degree	110	55	55	802,755	343,100	459,650	110	50	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	119,460	50,155	69,310	35	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	10	0	0
Master's degree	45	0	40	302,065	140,530	161,530	115	45	70
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	49,500	26,520	22,985	20	20	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	450	210	240	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	575	310	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	115	65	45	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	150	95	60
Education	45	20	30	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	10	15
13. Education	45	20	30	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	45	15	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	45	15	25
Humanities	25	0	20	228,770	90,810	137,960	50	20	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	25	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	10	35	430,845	142,280	288,570	70	25	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	57,080	19,060	38,020	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	65,230	15,095	50,135	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	134,510	67,065	67,440	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	75	30	45	950,820	357,290	593,535	95	40	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	30	45	894,690	344,770	549,925	90	40	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	158,655	83,605	75,050	45	25	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	57,680	23,925	33,755	25	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	40	10	866,885	778,835	88,060	50	40	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	33,975	19,075	14,895	25	20	0
14. Engineering	25	20	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	20	515,215	101,455	413,760	30	20	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	10	20	470,150	78,875	391,275	25	15	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	10	291,295	157,925	133,365	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	320	130	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	465	260	200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35	20	15	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	80	70	15
Education	35	15	25	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	10	10
13. Education	35	15	25	195,595	39,630	155,965	15	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	129,065	58,170	70,895	45	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	45	15	30
Humanities	15	0	15	144,140	56,410	87,730	40	20	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	25	334,475	103,635	230,840	65	20	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	0	47,510	15,360	32,155	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	101,105	49,385	51,720	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	65	20	45	741,390	268,705	472,685	90	40	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	20	45	697,775	259,725	438,045	90	40	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	102,055	53,195	48,865	25	15	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	46,430	18,895	27,530	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	35	0	665,365	588,950	76,415	50	40	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	27,250	14,670	12,580	20	20	0
14. Engineering	25	20	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	25	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	20	387,725	74,730	312,995	20	10	15
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	352,905	58,735	294,170	15	0	10
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	320	130	190	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	465	260	200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	20	15	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	80	70	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	285	110	175	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	380	190	185
Location of study inside Canada	170	55	115	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	265	130	135
Same as province or territory of residence	165	55	110	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	245	115	130
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	116,855	57,870	58,990	20	20	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	50	60	414,490	209,160	205,330	115	60	50
Americas	35	15	20	81,780	40,955	40,820	20	10	10
United States of America	0	0	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	30	138,260	74,045	64,210	90	50	40
Belgium	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	40	15	25	77,225	43,085	34,135	80	40	35
Germany	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	450	210	240	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	580	310	265
In the labour force	310	145	160	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	450	260	200
Employed	275	135	145	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	420	230	185
Unemployed	30	10	25	335,015	176,245	158,775	35	25	15
Not in the labour force	150	70	80	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	125	55	75
Participation rate	68.9	69.0	66.7	64.1	67.4	60.9	77.6	83.9	75.5
Employment rate	61.1	64.3	60.4	59.3	62.3	56.3	72.4	74.2	69.8
Unemployment rate	9.7	6.9	15.6	7.6	7.7	7.4	7.8	9.6	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	450	210	240	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	575	310	270
Did not work¹⁸⁶	145	60	80	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	125	75	55
Worked	310	145	165	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	450	235	210
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	150	80	70	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	215	115	100
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	160	70	85	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	230	120	110
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	40.8	39.8	41.3	41.7	40.8	39.6	41.4	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	310	145	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	455	260	195
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	300	145	155	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	455	260	195
Employee	265	140	130	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	340	175	160
Permanent position	200	115	85	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	280	155	130
Temporary position	65	20	45	623,510	296,655	326,850	55	20	35
Fixed term (1 year or more)	25	0	20	217,905	94,210	123,700	25	10	15
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	20	30	405,605	202,450	203,155	30	10	25
Self-employed¹⁹²	35	10	30	530,720	324,555	206,165	115	80	35
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	310	145	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	455	260	195
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	300	145	155	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	455	260	195
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	15	35	778,905	256,150	522,760	85	40	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	30	15	360,495	272,510	87,985	55	30	20
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	359,665	70,075	289,590	25	15	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	25	40	558,725	166,020	392,700	85	35	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15	146,560	72,400	74,165	70	50	15
6 Sales and service occupations	50	30	25	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	90	60	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	35	35	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	10	10	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	310	145	165	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	455	260	195
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	300	145	155	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	455	260	195
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	10	10	296,035	254,795	41,240	20	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	20	0	15
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	147,340	96,670	50,670	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	20	15	0	514,090	248,905	265,185	35	35	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	10	94,130	57,495	36,630	30	15	20
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	169,985	74,020	95,960	20	15	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	10	345,345	193,365	151,985	50	30	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	45	20	25	340,885	104,300	236,590	65	25	35
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	617,200	122,675	494,525	65	20	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	72,700	38,810	33,890	30	30	10
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	50	35	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	15	190,470	89,730	100,735	10	10	0
91 Public administration	30	15	15	290,765	144,705	146,055	20	0	15
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	315	150	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	510	285	220
English	10	10	0	350,525	195,385	155,145	55	35	25
French	160	60	100	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	245	130	115
Non-official language	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	130	75	55	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	195	120	70
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	315	150	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	510	285	220
Single responses	275	125	150	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	460	265	195
Official languages	275	125	150	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	460	265	195
English	40	30	10	668,485	365,785	302,695	105	60	45
French	235	95	140	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	355	205	155
Non-official languages	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	25	269,365	142,370	126,995	45	20	20
English and French	25	15	15	249,945	132,640	117,300	45	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	315	150	170	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	510	285	220
None	200	80	120	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	345	185	160
English	85	40	45	720,960	391,075	329,885	105	70	35
French	25	25	0	302,145	161,340	140,805	45	30	20
Non-official language	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	275	135	140	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	415	230	185
Worked at home	75	35	40	897,770	435,285	462,480	195	95	100
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	15	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	30	20	0
Usual place of work	175	85	95	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	115	85
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	175	85	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	200	115	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	65	85	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	180	115	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	15	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	15	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	195	100	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	140	85
Car, truck or van	120	60	60	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	70	40	30
Car, truck or van - as a driver	105	55	50	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	65	40	25
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	50	20	30	287,345	120,460	166,885	95	55	35
Walked	20	15	0	178,645	78,570	100,075	50	40	10
Bicycle	10	0	0	40,420	26,585	13,835	10	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	195	100	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	140	85
Less than 15 minutes	15	10	10	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	55	40	10
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	30	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	70	40	30
30 to 44 minutes	90	40	45	635,870	363,430	272,445	90	50	40
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	15	10	10	206,480	126,635	79,840	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	195	100	100	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	225	140	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	15	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	40	20	15	569,745	368,480	201,265	20	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	55	20	40	935,640	441,465	494,170	75	30	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	20	20	626,895	259,220	367,675	85	55	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	10	15	330,930	142,495	188,435	20	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	25	25	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	80	40	40	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	75	45	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	0	303,835	156,030	147,805	10	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	60	35	30
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	50	25	25	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	40	30	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	230,080	118,075	112,005	10	5	5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	5	0	175,305	90,000	85,305	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	20	992,895	508,315	484,580	35	25	10

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 11, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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