Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	24661863More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			24661964More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove			QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove			24662506More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	599	...	...	783	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	415	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	416	...	...	470	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	157	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	358	...	...	431	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	156	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18,042.2	...	...	20,128.5	...	...	6.5	...	...	4,300.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.04	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	600	360	240	785	395	385	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	415	210	210
0 to 14 years	35	10	20	85	45	40	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	70	30	35
0 to 4 years	10	0	5	25	15	10	422,980	217,145	205,840	20	10	5
5 to 9 years	15	10	5	25	15	15	478,955	245,295	233,665	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	10	0	5	30	15	15	489,425	250,855	238,570	25	10	15
15 to 64 years	510	305	200	605	305	300	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	260	130	125
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	25	15	10	429,400	219,400	209,995	30	15	10
20 to 24 years	45	20	25	60	25	40	460,660	235,250	225,405	30	20	10
25 to 29 years	95	45	45	120	70	55	527,150	266,455	260,700	15	10	10
30 to 34 years	70	40	25	90	45	45	536,040	267,770	268,270	15	5	5
35 to 39 years	70	35	30	85	40	40	550,425	274,350	276,075	15	5	10
40 to 44 years	35	30	10	55	25	30	572,565	286,405	286,160	35	15	15
45 to 49 years	40	25	20	50	15	30	516,465	259,565	256,905	35	15	15
50 to 54 years	45	30	10	35	25	10	522,935	262,610	260,325	30	20	10
55 to 59 years	65	45	20	40	20	25	615,690	307,230	308,465	30	15	15
60 to 64 years	45	30	10	45	25	20	625,610	307,710	317,900	25	10	20
65 years and over	55	45	15	100	50	45	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	85	40	45
65 to 69 years	30	25	5	40	20	15	541,970	264,020	277,950	30	20	15
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	25	10	15	455,900	217,985	237,910	15	10	10
75 to 79 years	10	5	0	15	5	10	330,840	153,790	177,050	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	10	10	0	210,405	90,825	119,580	15	10	5
85 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	5	214,415	75,305	139,115	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	5	5	5	131,755	50,610	81,150	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	330	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.8	2.8	8.3	10.8	11.4	10.4	16.4	17.0	15.8	16.9	14.3	16.7
15 to 64 years	85.0	84.7	83.3	77.1	77.2	77.9	63.0	63.9	62.1	62.7	61.9	59.5
65 years and over	9.2	12.5	6.3	12.7	12.7	11.7	20.6	19.1	22.1	20.5	19.0	21.4
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	1.3	1.3	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.4	2.4	2.4
Average age of the population	41.6	44.3	37.6	39.0	38.9	39.2	42.8	41.8	43.7	42.8	41.8	43.8
Median age of the population	38.8	42.4	35.2	35.6	35.2	36.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	45.2	43.2	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	360	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	130	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	199,080	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	10	...	...	98,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	30	...	...	271,245	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	340	...	...	390	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...	225,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	355	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
1 person	215	...	...	195	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	160	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	40	...	...	480,135	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	30	...	...	427,605	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	5	...	...	228,060	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	565	360	210	785	400	390	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	415	205	205
Average household size	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	565	350	220	700	355	345	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	345	175	170
Married or living common-law	165	95	65	325	170	155	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	215	110	110
Married	40	25	15	145	75	70	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	145	70	70
Living common-law	120	75	50	180	95	90	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	75	40	35
Living common law - Never married	120	75	45	170	90	85	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	65	35	30
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	5	5	10	5	5	261,885	135,520	126,370	5	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	405	250	155	370	185	190	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	130	65	65
Not married and not living common law - Never married	345	210	135	310	160	145	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	95	55	40
Not married and not living common law - Separated	10	10	0	20	5	10	106,275	48,095	58,175	0	0	0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	40	25	15	35	15	20	494,210	197,455	296,755	20	5	10
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	10	0	10	380,100	89,515	290,580	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	95	...	...	195	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	130	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	130	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	30	...	...	454,980	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	30	...	...	412,850	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	0	...	...	187,600	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.4	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	195	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	125	...	...
Total couple families	80	...	...	160	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	105	...	...
Married couples	20	...	...	70	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	5	...	...	30	...	...	502,020	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	10	...	...	35	...	...	609,605	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	90	...	...	828,005	...	...	40	...	...
With children⁶	10	...	...	15	...	...	401,885	...	...	25	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	75	...	...	426,120	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	15	...	...	35	...	...	383,775	...	...	20	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	5	...	...	30	...	...	284,025	...	...	10	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	0	...	...	99,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	415	205	205
Total - Persons in census families	220	125	95	495	245	250	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	375	190	185
Married spouses or common-law partners	160	95	65	325	170	155	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	215	105	105
Parents in one-parent families	15	10	10	30	5	30	383,780	99,755	284,020	20	5	15
Children⁶	40	15	30	135	75	65	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	145	80	65
In a two-parent family	25	10	15	85	40	45	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	110	60	50
In a one-parent family	20	10	10	55	35	20	585,820	317,400	268,415	30	15	15
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	345	235	110	290	150	140	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	40	15	25
Living alone	215	155	60	195	100	90	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	30	10	20
Living with other relatives⁷	25	15	10	15	5	5	165,070	74,060	91,005	10	5	5
Living with non-relatives only	105	60	40	80	40	40	268,810	158,325	110,485	0	0	0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	355	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	90	...	...	190	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	120	...	...
Couple-family households	70	...	...	160	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	100	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	50	...	...	851,835	...	...	60	...	...
Without children	60	...	...	110	...	...	982,260	...	...	40	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	30	...	...	331,395	...	...	15	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	0	...	...	50,790	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	5	...	...	66,750	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	50	...	...	40	...	...	139,280	...	...	0	...	...
One-person households	215	...	...	195	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	30	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	530	345	185	700	350	345	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	345	170	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	340	180	665	335	330	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	335	165	170
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	35,600	32,400	40,000	41,600	38,000	40,800	44,800	37,200	41,200	39,600	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	525	340	180	665	335	330	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	335	165	170
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	31,600	29,800	35,600	36,000	35,600	36,400	39,200	33,600	36,800	35,200	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	275	150	615	305	300	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	300	145	150
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	28,000	38,400	40,000	36,400	33,600	39,600	28,000	35,200	34,400	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	380	240	135	525	270	260	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	225	110	110
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,000	26,600	39,600	37,600	44,000	36,000	40,400	31,600	41,200	40,400	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	425	270	155	500	230	270	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	265	130	135
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	10,000	9,800	8,400	9,900	7,900	11,500	10,200	12,300	13,900	13,000	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65	40	25	40	20	20	837,635	441,080	396,550	30	10	10
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,400	5,240	5,480	5,880	4,880	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,520	x	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170	105	70	210	105	105	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	75	50	30
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,500	9,500	8,000	10,000	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	560	360	200	690	390	300	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	560	360	195	675	380	290	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	320	155	165
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,200	45,000	42,800	56,700	61,200	50,800	51,160	57,550	44,960	60,200	60,000	60,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	560	360	195	675	380	290	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	320	155	165
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	37,600	35,600	44,400	47,800	40,000	41,840	45,760	38,000	49,000	49,000	48,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445	285	155	605	345	260	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	295	145	150
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,400	47,200	42,000	54,600	59,800	47,600	45,480	52,900	38,000	54,800	55,000	54,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	405	260	150	500	305	190	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	200	110	100
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	48,800	43,000	51,600	56,400	44,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	61,600	56,000	68,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	295	165	520	270	245	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	240	120	120
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,680	9,600	9,900	9,760	9,400	10,200	12,410	11,500	13,220	13,600	11,400	15,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65	30	30	35	25	0	837,180	441,665	395,515	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,800	6,000	7,600	6,800	...	7,040	6,380	7,780	...	...	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	175	95	80	185	105	80	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	45	40	0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,200	9,400	8,800	9,400	8,000	8,130	7,910	8,390	9,600	8,000	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	560	360	200	690	395	300	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	170
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	205	155	55	230	150	85	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	120	55	60
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	54,400	71,000	61,200	69,500	54,400	58,400	62,800	53,600	95,000	95,000	94,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	61,000	76,000	71,000	78,000	58,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	88,000	92,000	88,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	145	85	55	200	120	80	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	60	35	25
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200	14,300	26,200	25,800	30,400	20,000	18,600	21,400	16,600	14,600	14,700	x
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	29,200	27,000	42,400	46,000	37,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	19,500	24,000	12,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	82.0	80.0	87.0	89.0	82.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	82.0	84.0	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.5	76.0	76.0	67.5	74.0	57.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	65.0	62.0	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.0	17.2	19.6	13.3	10.8	17.2	20.1	15.8	25.6	17.2	14.4	19.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	2.0	0.7	0.7	x	1.7	1.5	2.0	x	...	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.4	6.0	10.0	4.8	4.6	5.0	5.4	4.8	6.1	2.9	3.7	2.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.7	5.4	9.6	4.3	4.2	4.4	4.6	4.3	5.1	2.2	3.2	x
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	530	345	185	700	355	345	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	345	175	170
Without total income	10	5	0	35	20	15	179,955	87,650	92,310	10	5	0
With total income	520	340	185	665	335	330	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	335	165	170
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	20	10	45	25	25	462,400	204,245	258,155	35	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	100	65	35	85	45	40	809,375	334,315	475,065	45	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	90	60	35	110	55	60	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	45	25	15
$30,000 to $39,999	70	40	35	85	35	45	896,520	414,070	482,445	35	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	55	40	15	60	35	30	849,005	411,680	437,325	35	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	15	50	25	20	687,020	345,720	341,305	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	55	20	30	503,110	271,695	231,415	20	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	40	15	20	367,455	208,475	158,980	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	30	20	10	284,690	158,760	125,930	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	25	10	10	198,140	112,355	85,780	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	75	45	35	556,780	365,700	191,080	50	25	20
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	50	20	25	385,890	245,635	140,260	40	20	15
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	25	20	10	170,890	120,065	50,820	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	530	345	185	700	355	345	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	345	175	170
Without after-tax income	10	5	0	35	20	15	177,960	86,610	91,355	10	5	0
With after-tax income	520	340	185	665	335	330	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	335	165	170
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	25	10	50	25	25	495,035	214,000	281,030	35	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	100	65	35	90	50	40	853,250	356,480	496,765	50	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	120	75	50	125	60	65	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	50	35	20
$30,000 to $39,999	85	50	35	100	50	55	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	45	15	30
$40,000 to $49,999	60	40	20	85	45	40	994,235	505,970	488,265	35	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	15	55	25	30	691,015	372,870	318,145	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	10	50	30	25	459,665	251,490	208,170	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	0	45	25	15	292,135	160,985	131,150	20	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	15	10	10	174,905	104,610	70,295	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	10	5	5	106,165	67,055	39,105	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	35	20	20	229,765	156,750	73,020	20	10	10
$100,000 to $124,999	5	0	0	15	5	10	119,125	78,615	40,515	15	5	5
$125,000 and over	0	0	0	20	15	5	110,635	78,130	32,505	10	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	530	345	185	700	355	345	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	345	175	170
Without employment income	155	110	45	175	85	90	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	125	65	60
With employment income	380	240	140	525	270	255	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	220	110	115
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	30	15	75	45	30	644,075	331,770	312,300	40	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	30	15	15	60	35	30	401,185	180,585	220,595	20	10	5
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	20	45	20	25	603,350	273,725	329,620	30	20	10
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	25	35	20	20	495,105	228,670	266,435	15	10	10
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	50	25	25	488,000	239,620	248,380	10	0	5
$40,000 to $49,999	35	25	10	40	15	20	485,845	242,230	243,610	15	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	45	25	25	403,980	217,425	186,560	10	0	10
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10	30	15	20	320,700	184,770	135,935	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	10	35	10	20	250,635	147,020	103,615	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	0	25	15	10	218,100	120,085	98,020	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	20	10	10	141,540	86,090	55,450	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	65	40	25	422,055	285,910	136,145	45	25	20
$100,000 to $124,999	25	20	5	30	15	15	205,085	133,500	71,585	20	10	10
$125,000 and over	10	10	5	35	25	10	216,965	152,410	64,555	20	15	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	530	345	185	700	350	345	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	345	170	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	335	175	650	325	325	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	330	160	165
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	28,400	27,000	34,400	35,600	34,000	38,400	43,200	34,000	43,600	41,600	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	510	335	175	650	325	325	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	330	160	165
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,400	25,400	25,800	31,200	32,000	30,400	34,000	37,600	30,600	37,600	35,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	415	265	150	590	290	295	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	300	145	155
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,200	28,400	35,200	37,600	32,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	38,400	39,200	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	365	225	135	500	255	250	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	225	115	115
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,000	27,000	36,400	37,200	36,400	36,400	41,200	31,800	42,800	42,800	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	410	265	145	465	210	250	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	245	115	130
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,960	2,320	1,680	2,240	1,960	2,800	7,800	5,640	9,100	8,300	6,320	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	30	25	5	40	15	20	727,165	390,255	336,910	35	15	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	6,040	x	7,550	x	7,650	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,280	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	560	360	200	690	390	300	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	555	360	190	645	355	290	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	320	155	165
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	38,800	39,200	50,300	54,400	45,200	48,600	55,500	41,880	60,000	61,000	59,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	555	360	190	645	355	290	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	320	155	165
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,000	32,600	33,600	40,300	43,200	36,800	39,600	44,000	35,320	48,400	51,000	46,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	475	300	180	575	325	250	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	305	150	155
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	40,400	39,200	50,600	55,800	44,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	54,000	56,000	52,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	270	170	475	290	185	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	210	110	105
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,800	38,400	36,400	48,000	53,200	39,600	46,240	52,450	39,520	56,800	54,000	61,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	280	165	470	235	230	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	235	105	135
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,750	4,000	6,640	5,200	8,100	9,450	8,430	10,320	12,300	10,200	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30	25	0	50	20	35	727,815	390,880	336,935	30	20	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	9,000	...	6,600	4,000	7,600	7,020	5,975	8,230	13,000	4,500	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	560	360	200	690	395	300	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	170
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	200	155	45	220	135	85	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	120	55	60
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	48,000	54,800	49,600	70,500	30,200	54,800	60,000	49,200	87,000	97,000	87,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,200	50,000	64,000	62,000	76,000	39,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	84,000	88,000	78,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	145	85	60	185	105	75	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	65	40	25
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	16,600	38,800	34,000	34,000	36,000	23,600	27,200	21,000	14,600	12,800	x
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	24,800	36,000	42,000	41,000	44,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	23,000	26,000	20,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	86.0	92.0	90.0	94.0	86.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	84.0	88.0	80.0
Employment income (%)	77.0	74.0	82.0	70.5	79.0	57.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	62.0	62.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)	11.7	13.4	8.8	9.6	6.4	14.6	14.9	10.8	20.2	15.2	11.2	19.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.6	x	1.0	0.3	2.0	1.6	1.3	2.0	2.0	0.8	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	355	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	62,800	...	...	72,500	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	56,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	215	...	...	195	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	43,200	...	...	38,800	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	37,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	140	...	...	235	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	78,500	...	...	83,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	365	...	...	425	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	89,200	...	...	92,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	205	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	57,200	...	...	47,680	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	44,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	225	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	119,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	360	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	10	...	...	35,920	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	10	...	...	23,880	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	52,080	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	82,470	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	218,185	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	144,420	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	143,285	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	172,005	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	174,790	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	166,990	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	35	...	...	310,880	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	280,505	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	255,770	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	235,235	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	208,320	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	125	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	414,805	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	30	...	...	282,590	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	25	...	...	307,835	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	30	...	...	239,060	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	360	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	155	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	15	...	...	40,590	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	10	...	...	24,960	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	53,600	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	87,695	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	25	...	...	234,875	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	177,135	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	180,150	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	30	...	...	213,760	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	25	...	...	210,280	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	193,530	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	35	...	...	356,325	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	40	...	...	322,530	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	35	...	...	289,580	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	20	...	...	254,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	20	...	...	216,370	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	85	...	...	892,775	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	40	...	...	387,835	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	15	...	...	225,830	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	30	...	...	279,105	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	100	...	...	200	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	110	...	...	991,710	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	101,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	84,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	55	...	...	907,765	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	121,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	106,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	35	...	...	368,845	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	66,500	...	...	69,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	62,800	...	...	61,600	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	315	215	100	280	145	135	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	30	15	15
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	32,400	30,600	36,400	35,600	36,800	36,800	39,200	34,800	39,600	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	28,800	29,200	32,800	33,600	32,400	33,200	34,800	31,600	35,200	x	x
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	95	...	...	190	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	105	...	...	992,110	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	60	...	...	909,160	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	160,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	195,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	120,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	152,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	30	...	...	367,155	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	80,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	365	255	110	280	170	110	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	35	0	30
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,600	44,400	39,000	50,800	46,800	57,000	45,480	48,000	42,920	48,000	...	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,800	36,800	33,000	40,000	38,400	43,000	38,040	39,400	36,640	40,000	...	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	565	355	205	785	395	385	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	415	210	210
0 to 17 years	40	15	25	95	50	50	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	85	45	40
0 to 5 years	10	0	10	25	15	10	515,725	264,785	250,935	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	470	305	165	585	300	290	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	240	120	120
65 years and over	55	45	20	100	50	45	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	120	90	35	170	90	80	992,235	463,295	528,940	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	25	10	10	159,530	82,000	77,530	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	5	0	53,105	27,240	25,870	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	95	70	25	125	65	60	515,470	256,435	259,035	15	5	10
65 years and over	25	15	5	25	15	10	317,235	124,865	192,370	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.0	24.4	17.0	21.4	22.0	20.0	11.9	11.2	12.7	6.8	6.0	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	22.0	24.0	20.0	9.7	9.7	9.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	...	x	12.0	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	20.4	23.0	16.0	20.8	21.0	20.0	10.2	10.1	10.2	6.0	5.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	40.0	40.0	50.0	22.0	24.0	20.0	19.8	16.6	22.7	12.0	12.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	415	205	205
0 to 17 years	35	10	20	95	50	45	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	90	40	45
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	30	20	10	511,400	262,535	248,860	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	470	300	170	590	295	290	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	240	115	120
65 years and over	60	40	15	100	50	50	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	85	45	40
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	120	80	40	125	75	55	439,850	223,055	216,795	5	5	5
0 to 17 years	5	0	5	10	10	5	61,665	31,610	30,060	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	5	5	0	19,815	10,190	9,630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	105	70	35	105	60	45	313,970	167,015	146,955	5	5	5
65 years and over	15	10	5	10	5	5	64,210	24,430	39,780	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	21.2	22.8	18.0	16.4	18.0	14.4	5.3	5.4	5.2	1.6	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	12.0	16.0	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	...	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	21.6	23.0	19.0	18.0	19.0	16.5	6.2	6.6	5.8	3.0	x	x
65 years and over (%)	28.0	28.0	25.0	10.0	12.0	8.0	4.0	3.3	4.7	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	565	355	210	785	395	385	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	415	210	210
In bottom half of the distribution	410	260	150	440	225	215	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	175	85	90
In bottom decile	150	100	45	180	90	85	851,840	407,705	444,140	20	10	10
In second decile	65	35	25	60	25	40	920,490	434,730	485,760	15	10	5
In third decile	90	55	30	75	40	35	969,255	471,650	497,600	55	25	25
In fourth decile	50	30	25	65	35	35	978,345	482,760	495,590	55	25	25
In fifth decile	60	35	25	60	30	25	947,090	473,285	473,810	40	20	15
In top half of the distribution	150	100	55	345	175	175	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	240	125	120
In sixth decile	35	20	20	55	25	30	899,660	454,970	444,690	40	15	25
In seventh decile	40	25	15	85	40	45	837,225	425,400	411,830	50	30	20
In eighth decile	40	25	15	65	35	25	752,410	383,450	368,955	40	20	15
In ninth decile	30	25	10	75	35	40	634,425	325,700	308,730	60	30	35
In top decile	5	5	0	65	35	30	517,725	267,160	250,565	50	30	20
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	565	...	...	785	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.322	...	...	0.419	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.287	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.476	...	...	0.519	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.282	...	...	0.354	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.245	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.4	...	...	5.0	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
English only	40	20	20	70	35	40	445,575	228,840	216,735	25	5	15
French only	140	85	55	140	65	75	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	115	50	65
English and French	380	255	125	565	295	265	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	265	145	125
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	5	0	0	82,075	35,200	46,875	10	5	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
English	95	55	45	180	80	105	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	60	30	30
French	445	290	160	560	295	265	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	330	160	170
English and French	20	15	5	35	20	15	329,515	169,050	160,465	15	10	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	5	0	0	79,000	33,590	45,410	10	5	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
Single responses	540	340	200	745	380	365	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	390	195	190
Official languages	455	295	155	590	300	290	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	310	150	155
English	50	30	25	100	45	60	639,365	323,170	316,195	30	15	15
French	400	265	135	490	260	230	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	280	140	145
Non-official languages	90	50	40	155	75	80	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	75	40	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	290	275	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	35	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	300	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	115	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	75	110	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	410	450	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	385	435	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	50	40	155	75	80	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	75	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	20	10	5	233,220	122,895	110,320	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	160	125	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	510	470	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	235	190	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	280	280	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	170	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	620	705	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	595	680	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	15	10	10	204,600	107,735	96,865	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	345	385	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	15	10	10	198,785	104,765	94,020	15	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	150	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	415	395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	175	290	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	370	685	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	205	385	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,125	855	1,275	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	255	475	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,810	870	940	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,180	545	630	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	325	310	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	95	130	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	250	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	255	300	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	215	160	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	945	850	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,895	1,215	680	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	105	55	55	595,790	290,670	305,115	50	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,310	1,660	1,650	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,890	8,225	8,670	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	68,295	30,855	37,435	10	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	285	440	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	100	135	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	185	300	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	67,565	30,570	36,995	10	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	625	725	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	115	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	5	0	0	0	12,495	5,380	7,120	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5	31,700	14,115	17,590	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	120	125	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	380	475	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0	600	265	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,065	2,220	2,845	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	80	55	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	25,580	12,440	13,140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	21,145	10,240	10,910	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	5	11,055	5,090	5,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	565	540	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	185	220	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	560	575	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	175	185	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	260	275	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,080	16,735	17,345	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	20	10	10	101,450	52,780	48,665	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	15	5	5	63,025	33,465	29,555	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	35	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	285	235	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	30	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	375	350	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	150	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	38,400	19,305	19,090	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	630	485	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	810	680	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5	35,615	17,770	17,850	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	5	5	22,130	10,990	11,140	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	70	35	35	346,000	167,870	178,130	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	160	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0	90,940	44,080	46,865	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	30	15	15	41,545	19,890	21,650	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5	35,810	17,115	18,695	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	15	30	20	15	177,155	86,490	90,660	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0	2,760	795	1,965	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	90	135	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	490	490	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	50	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	535	465	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	85	60	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	205	205	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	20	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	60	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	175	95	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	435	475	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	470	410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	535	480	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	450	400	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	75	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	680	600	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	485	445	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	130	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	87,540	40,170	47,375	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	0	0	0	0	87,155	39,990	47,160	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	200	270	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	790	365	430	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0	0	0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,425	710	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	140	175	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	65	65	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	220	795	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	250	160	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	80	90	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	60	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	60	95	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	120	190	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	95	75	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	5	35	20	15	308,550	155,455	153,095	25	15	15
English and French	10	10	0	15	5	5	126,405	64,585	61,820	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	5	5	5	49,485	24,660	24,825	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	10	10	5	94,205	46,880	47,320	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,685	14,700	13,985	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
English	55	35	20	95	40	50	623,305	313,780	309,520	30	15	15
French	350	225	125	420	220	205	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	275	135	140
Non-official language	15	5	10	30	15	15	366,730	177,410	189,315	30	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	10	30	15	15	343,650	165,830	177,825	30	10	15
English and French	80	60	20	100	55	45	497,380	256,735	240,645	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	35	15	20	205,755	102,290	103,470	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	40	25	15	375,795	179,585	196,210	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	60	30	30	284,940	141,275	143,665	20	15	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
Single responses	520	330	190	745	375	375	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	390	190	200
Official languages	490	315	170	670	335	330	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	345	170	175
English	85	55	35	155	70	85	874,185	438,570	435,615	45	20	20
French	400	265	140	520	270	250	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	305	150	155
Non-official languages	30	20	15	70	35	40	662,615	322,860	339,750	40	20	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	295	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	255	240	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	45	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	120	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	15	70	35	40	628,365	305,820	322,555	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5	116,685	59,645	57,040	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	365	305	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	195	110	90	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	165	170	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	90	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	280	325	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	315	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	104,890	53,505	51,380	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	155	175	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	0	102,120	52,125	49,990	5	0	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	380	185	190	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	75	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	105	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,515	760	755	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	250	240	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	100	125	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	240	320	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	135	185	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,175	510	665	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	325	285	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	145	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	145	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	765	825	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	110	125	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	105	90	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	645	580	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	700	435	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	5	50	20	25	336,635	164,100	172,535	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,910	945	970	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	39,725	18,855	20,870	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	60	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	39,575	18,795	20,775	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	180	200	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	65	60	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,075	530	545	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	945	445	505	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	45	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	30	75	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	805	880	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	125	115	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	200	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	145	155	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	85	95	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,235	7,015	8,220	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5	74,455	38,045	36,410	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	135	120	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	445	430	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	28,020	13,810	14,210	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	325	300	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	590	520	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	26,205	12,850	13,355	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	5	0	5	16,660	8,135	8,530	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,005	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	30	10	15	182,585	88,060	94,525	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	5	20,885	9,965	10,920	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5	15	5	5	112,915	55,870	57,050	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	455	700	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	235	245	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	195	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	115	110	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	445	410	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	415	545	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	930	410	525	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	20	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	775	875	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	75	35	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,665	810	855	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	100	145	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	115	130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	320	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	195	200	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	185	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,285	945	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	165	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,385	775	615	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	550	345	205	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	5	0	0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5	5	5	5	0	0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	80	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	680	835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	260	275	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0	0	0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	445	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	90	100	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,060	995	1,065	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	95	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	95	75	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	85	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	670	830	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	40	25	15	357,245	176,070	181,175	25	15	10
English and French	15	15	5	20	10	5	137,120	69,025	68,095	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	10	5	5	60,495	29,540	30,950	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	5	5	0	116,595	56,445	60,150	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	5	5	0	39,875	19,575	20,300	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	565	360	205	785	400	385	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	415	205	205
None	450	280	165	575	295	280	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	355	175	185
English	45	40	10	70	35	35	353,690	183,470	170,225	15	10	5
French	30	20	10	45	15	25	259,425	127,380	132,040	15	10	5
Non-official language	20	10	10	40	20	15	269,715	129,830	139,890	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	40	20	15	264,405	127,330	137,070	20	10	10
English and French	0	5	0	10	5	5	61,955	31,425	30,525	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	20	10	10	76,755	38,765	37,990	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	25	15	10	55,860	26,915	28,945	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0	0	0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	5	0	5	19,290	9,695	9,595	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	590	360	225	775	420	355	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	385	195	195
Official languages	580	360	220	765	415	345	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	385	195	195
English	475	305	165	590	320	265	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	270	140	130
French	535	330	200	705	385	320	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	375	190	185
Non-official languages	215	140	75	280	160	115	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	140	70	70
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	40	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	425	430	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	120	145	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	495	505	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	210	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	205	160	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	900	1,045	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	800	955	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	110	100	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	40	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	125	110	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	100	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	30	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	20	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	45	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	50	45	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	215	140	75	280	160	115	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	140	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	90	60	25	385,210	201,105	184,100	65	40	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	525	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,650	825	825	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	580	575	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	990	1,160	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,025	925	1,100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	90	60	25	363,875	190,005	173,870	65	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,225	605	620	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20	90	60	25	343,675	179,750	163,930	65	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	460	480	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	110	100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	310	345	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	60	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	150	190	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	285	370	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	625	1,315	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,215	470	745	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,510	625	885	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,085	570	515	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	275	320	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	195	265	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	90	105	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	655	990	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0	0	0	135,275	62,040	73,235	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0	118,010	53,530	64,480	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	165	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	25	50	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	570	500	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	530	395	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	135	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	105	45	165	85	80	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	50	20	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	15	0	20	0	15	95,385	45,060	50,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	465	635	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	180	260	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	290	375	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	15	0	20	0	15	94,580	44,695	49,885	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	185	230	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	455	205	250	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	0	0	0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	175	140	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,380	630	750	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	340	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	60	55	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	375	295	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	45	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	45	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	80	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	15	15	0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0	15	15	0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	15	15	0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	785	830	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	295	285	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	340	400	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	395	460	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	375	360	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	980	920	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	115	100	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	136,020	71,180	64,840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	90,745	48,355	42,395	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	155	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	65	50	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	130	105	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,160	620	545	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	740	635	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	60	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	40	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	110	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	860	755	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	445	320	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	1,045	755	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	80	55	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,235	975	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	180	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	100	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	80	40	110	65	50	684,830	324,095	360,735	35	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250	725	530	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	25	20	0	168,040	82,400	85,645	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	20	15	10	65,605	33,005	32,600	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0	0	0
Spanish	95	65	25	75	45	40	453,905	210,400	243,505	20	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,105	670	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	150	135	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	125	195	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	190	175	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	225	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	135	150	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	25	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	435	315	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,205	600	605	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	810	805	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	85	95	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	190	155	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	375	195	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	905	960	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,845	895	950	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	555	440	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	575	735	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,555	830	725	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	25	15	10	107,415	49,840	57,575	15	10	10
Chinese languages	20	10	10	25	15	10	106,915	49,630	57,285	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	810	370	445	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,520	37,100	43,420	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,255	565	685	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,500	785	715	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	190	275	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	30	110	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	25	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	60	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	920	1,800	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	570	425	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	60	65	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	155	200	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	90	140	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	250	270	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	430	405	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	590	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	390	195	195
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	20	0	0	0	0	205,010	101,150	103,865	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	20	15	0	0	0	0	193,365	95,320	98,045	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	15	0	0	0	0	116,550	56,080	60,475	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	565	345	225	770	415	350	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	385	190	195
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	590	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	390	195	195
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	15	0	0	0	0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	575	345	225	775	420	355	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	385	190	195
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Owner	55	...	...	180	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	145	...	...
Renter	310	...	...	250	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	15	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Condominium	95	...	...	160	...	...	515,590	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	270	...	...	270	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	15	...	...	32,020	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	165	...	...	165	...	...	623,295	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	125	...	...	170	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	40	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	70	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...	730,330	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	285	...	...	310	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	0	...	...
5 rooms	45	...	...	65	...	...	645,635	...	...	25	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	40	...	...	435,225	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	10	...	...	403,225	...	...	40	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	0	...	...	886,180	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.6	...	...	3.9	...	...	5.8	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
One person or fewer per room	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	165	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0	...	...	48,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Suitable	355	...	...	425	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	165	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	0	...	...	142,775	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
1960 or before	200	...	...	180	...	...	879,375	...	...	140	...	...
1961 to 1980	70	...	...	70	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	15	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	45	...	...	509,120	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	95	...	...	385,315	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	198,595	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0	...	...	231,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	10	...	...	212,290	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	15	...	...	30	...	...	217,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	290	...	...	400	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	150	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	30	...	...	236,110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
One-maintainer household	245	...	...	265	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	70	...	...
Two-maintainer household	85	...	...	160	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	95	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	35	...	...	0	...	...	89,875	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	15	...	...	117,525	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	105	...	...	130	...	...	525,540	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	90	...	...	647,165	...	...	20	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	45	...	...	628,630	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	80	...	...	55	...	...	760,395	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	65	...	...	629,965	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	25	...	...	336,170	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0	...	...	103,640	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	365	...	...	425	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	160	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	285	...	...	330	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	80	...	...	95	...	...	595,690	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	75	...	...	75	...	...	542,060	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	365	...	...	430	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	150	...	...	130	...	...	901,440	...	...	30	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	60	...	...	95	...	...	537,090	...	...	15	...	...
Not suitable only	15	...	...	0	...	...	112,775	...	...	0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	55	...	...	30	...	...	179,840	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0	...	...	41,740	...	...	0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	220	...	...	300	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	365	...	...	405	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	165	...	...
In core need	35	...	...	25	...	...	218,275	...	...	0	...	...
Not in core need	325	...	...	380	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	185	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.7	...	...	45.9	...	...	62.2	...	...	55.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	11.4	...	...	10.0	...	...	17.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	1,080	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,320	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,140	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	480,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	480,000	...	...	604,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	500,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	310	...	...	245	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.6	...	...	18.4	...	...	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.0	...	...	30.6	...	...	25.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.8	...	...	6.5	...	...	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	1,110	...	...	810	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	1,150	...	...	886	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	585	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	390	195	190
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	10	0	0	0	0	0	177,300	86,310	90,990	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	10	0	0	0	0	0	174,610	85,025	89,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0	140,690	68,395	72,300	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	865	965	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	365	400	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	25	15	15	10	0	0	203,425	96,595	106,830	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	25	15	15	10	0	0	200,985	95,520	105,460	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	15	10	0	0	177,925	84,210	93,720	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,800	775	1,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	240	295	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	550	345	210	760	410	345	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	385	195	190
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	585	360	225	775	420	350	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	385	195	195
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	505	325	180	595	310	285	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	385	195	190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30	0	30	90	30	60	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	75	40	30
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	475	325	150	505	280	225	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	310	155	155
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	35	50	180	110	65	518,265	264,490	253,775	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	585	360	225	775	420	350	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	385	195	195
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	365	240	125	415	225	190	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	290	145	145
Immigrants⁸¹	190	110	80	235	120	120	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	90	50	45
Before 1980	30	20	10	30	15	20	187,200	91,895	95,300	25	10	15
1980 to 1990	15	10	0	20	10	15	124,610	61,850	62,755	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	15	10	35	10	20	190,495	91,635	98,860	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	65	25	35	70	35	35	312,210	150,825	161,390	50	25	25
2011 to 2021⁸²	60	40	20	85	50	35	396,090	192,745	203,340	0	0	0
2011 to 2015	30	25	0	25	15	10	193,345	93,485	99,855	0	0	0
2016 to 2021	30	10	15	55	35	20	202,740	99,260	103,480	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	15	20	125	75	50	205,770	113,500	92,275	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	190	110	75	240	120	115	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	95	50	45
Under 5 years	20	15	0	20	10	10	112,295	56,755	55,540	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	35	20	15	15	0	10	201,385	101,555	99,835	15	10	0
15 to 24 years	35	20	20	30	10	20	213,035	96,175	116,860	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	80	40	35	160	85	70	594,845	292,975	301,875	60	25	35
45 years and over	15	15	0	10	0	0	89,045	41,505	47,540	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	190	110	75	240	120	115	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	95	50	45
Americas	55	45	10	35	20	10	264,885	121,740	143,145	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	13,540	16,125	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,515	5,780	5,730	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0	86,105	38,285	47,820	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	10	10	0	17,390	7,935	9,455	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,885	6,295	7,595	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0	0	0
United States of America	15	10	0	10	0	0	24,945	12,195	12,745	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0	61,020	28,545	32,480	0	0	0
Europe	70	30	45	115	60	60	309,015	154,110	154,910	15	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,050	960	0	0	0
France	40	10	30	70	45	30	93,160	49,870	43,290	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,130	7,790	8,340	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,975	21,940	22,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	870	785	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0	0	0
Portugal	20	10	10	15	10	10	17,000	8,190	8,805	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,515	12,990	14,530	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,690	4,865	6,825	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,610	760	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,290	6,575	5,715	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10	47,310	23,240	24,075	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	20	45	15	25	302,010	153,655	148,355	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10	72,835	37,535	35,295	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,595	7,460	8,140	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,325	10,520	9,805	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	305	300	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	485	565	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15	68,865	34,810	34,060	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	330	350	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	575	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,820	60,455	58,360	0	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	40	15	20	332,925	158,445	174,475	25	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	10,020	10,215	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,280	22,610	19,670	20	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,845	13,675	13,170	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	10	10	0	52,500	23,010	29,490	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,350	11,835	19,515	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,485	11,580	13,900	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,990	12,770	12,225	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,455	20,665	23,790	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	1,010	750	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	15	55	35	20	202,740	99,265	103,480	0	0	0
Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0	30,910	14,985	15,920	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,575	1,170	1,410	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,295	1,985	2,315	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,600	4,210	4,395	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	130	90	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,140	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,690	670	1,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,860	3,420	3,440	0	0	0
Europe	20	0	15	40	20	15	33,705	17,520	16,185	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	35	15	15	20,980	11,325	9,655	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	240	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	85	15	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	420	285	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	515	850	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	720	940	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	615	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,395	3,550	3,845	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0	70,310	34,215	36,095	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,975	6,730	7,245	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,290	1,170	1,120	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,830	4,180	4,650	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,055	1,875	2,180	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,305	3,055	3,255	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,385	1,255	1,135	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	75	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,515	4,435	5,080	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	995	525	470	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	40	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,640	3,375	3,260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,175	7,330	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,305	32,185	35,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,265	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,190	565	625	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,735	4,680	6,055	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,460	4,430	4,030	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,135	1,895	2,235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	385	325	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	205	185	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	75	250	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	285	275	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	585	775	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,620	1,925	1,700	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	140	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,160	1,135	1,025	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	3,560	4,920	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	790	600	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	710	320	385	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,390	6,960	6,425	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	450	355	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	975	510	470	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	605	1,010	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,390	1,355	2,035	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	355	160	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	195	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	160	60	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	590	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	385	195	195
First generation¹⁰⁰	240	130	105	390	210	180	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	100	50	50
Second generation¹⁰¹	65	35	30	110	60	50	883,485	446,000	437,490	50	30	25
Third generation or more¹⁰²	285	200	90	275	150	125	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	240	110	125
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	160	85	70	205	105	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	65	40	35
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	120	60	60	135	75	60	559,935	290,040	269,895	50	30	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	30	30	95	65	30	267,870	161,125	106,740	20	10	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	20	30	45	10	35	292,070	128,915	163,155	35	20	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	25	15	10	55	20	30	272,255	109,735	162,515	15	10	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	10	0	0	175,740	89,995	85,740	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,470	7,290	8,185	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	160	85	70	205	105	100	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	65	40	35
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	10	0	0	89,850	47,360	42,495	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	30	15	55	30	25	94,185	46,445	47,740	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	0	0	0	25,505	13,385	12,115	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	35	30	0	48,805	27,680	21,130	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	85	45	40	95	35	60	756,120	358,700	397,420	60	35	20
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	590	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	390	195	195
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	155	90	65	205	115	90	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	70	40	30
South Asian	0	0	0	40	20	20	127,990	67,140	60,850	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	25	10	15	115,240	51,375	63,865	0	0	0
Black	35	20	15	15	0	10	422,405	206,335	216,070	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0	0	0
Arab	35	15	20	100	65	40	280,075	146,990	133,085	40	25	15
Latin American	35	25	10	25	20	0	172,925	85,035	87,880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	20	15	0	0	0	0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	435	270	165	570	305	265	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	320	155	160
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	585	360	225	775	420	355	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	385	195	195
Canadian	100	90	10	60	40	20	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	80	45	35
English	15	15	0	55	20	40	177,710	88,910	88,800	35	20	15
Irish	30	30	0	45	15	35	404,190	193,440	210,745	0	0	0
Scottish	10	0	0	35	25	10	192,685	93,120	99,565	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	145	90	60	255	140	115	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	140	65	80
German	40	30	10	20	10	10	124,305	60,295	64,010	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	10	25	10	15	123,985	55,730	68,255	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	40	10	25	316,315	157,600	158,720	25	15	10
Indian (India)	10	10	0	0	0	0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	25	15	15	63,505	31,010	32,495	0	0	0
Québécois	75	35	45	50	30	15	931,940	465,630	466,305	35	30	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	10	10	0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0	0	0
French Canadian	25	20	0	40	25	10	588,805	290,630	298,180	20	10	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	10	0	10	15	0	0	149,955	75,935	74,020	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	10	10	10	10	0	138,030	64,935	73,095	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	50	20	30	10	10	0	99,420	50,795	48,625	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	10	25	15	0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0	0	0
Spanish	25	20	10	30	25	0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,945	39,450	44,495	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0	0	0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,735	55,130	49,610	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	25	0	78,210	40,740	37,470	20	10	10
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,820	41,395	40,425	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	0	0	0	0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0	156,065	73,495	82,570	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	15	15	0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	325	365	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,980	11,870	11,110	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	660	470	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	55	25	30	81,230	41,590	39,635	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,120	540	585	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	935	895	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,920	840	1,080	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	25	20	10	65,860	33,955	31,905	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,820	885	935	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,430	640	790	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,440	740	705	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	585	510	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	355	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,340	710	630	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	400	400	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	175	240	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	760	875	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,970	835	1,135	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	705	745	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,200	595	600	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,695	890	800	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	110	170	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	885	450	435	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	290	315	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	505	475	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	395	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	535	340	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	430	210	220	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	360	265	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	245	255	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	405	440	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	95	90	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	110	130	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,365	635	730	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	225	250	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,485	750	735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	230	185	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	245	280	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	815	635	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	225	255	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	95	110	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,445	590	850	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	215	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	115	155	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	255	265	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	320	315	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	15	40	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	220	280	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,595	830	765	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	180	160	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	500	490	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	750	410	335	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	280	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	140	165	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	225	200	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	265	320	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	550	620	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	910	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	100	145	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	250	240	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	435	365	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	485	495	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	1,055	945	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,975	1,045	930	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	340	130	210	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	240	280	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	45	65	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	205	115	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	270	250	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,815	1,005	815	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10	5,215	2,580	2,630	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	100	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	195	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	300	335	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	145	175	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	590	365	225	775	420	355	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	390	195	190
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0	0	0
Christian	180	115	55	250	120	130	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	245	115	130
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	15	10	0	0	0	0	464,020	229,155	234,860	10	0	10
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	365	435	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0	0	0
Catholic	160	105	55	225	115	110	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	225	105	120
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	10	0	10	145,805	70,840	74,965	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,790	48,840	55,950	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,530	41,470	43,065	0	0	0
Muslim	35	15	20	120	65	55	421,710	218,255	203,455	35	20	15
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	355	205	145	390	235	155	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	105	65	40
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	585	360	225	770	415	355	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	385	195	195
Non-movers	430	260	165	610	315	290	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	380	190	185
Movers	160	100	60	160	95	60	945,290	466,750	478,540	0	0	0
Non-migrants	110	65	45	120	80	40	543,670	268,740	274,925	0	0	0
Migrants	45	35	15	40	15	20	401,625	198,010	203,615	0	0	0
Internal migrants	45	35	15	10	0	0	349,095	170,740	178,355	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	15	0	0	0	321,005	156,550	164,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0	0	0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	30	15	20	52,530	27,270	25,265	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	590	365	225	750	395	350	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	365	175	190
Non-movers	280	160	120	350	170	180	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	320	155	165
Movers	310	205	110	395	230	170	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	45	25	25
Non-migrants	155	100	60	200	115	90	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	30	10	20
Migrants	155	105	50	195	115	80	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	20	10	0
Internal migrants	110	85	30	45	20	25	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	85	55	30	20	10	10	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	30	30	0	25	15	10	83,805	41,925	41,880	0	0	0
External migrants	40	20	15	150	90	55	320,090	166,115	153,975	15	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	560	360	200	690	390	300	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	335	160	170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	60	45	15	105	65	35	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	30	10	20
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	500	320	185	585	320	265	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	300	150	150
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	435	285	150	525	300	225	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	155	75	80
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	45	35	15	35	20	10	642,800	382,415	260,380	0	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	395	255	135	490	280	210	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	155	75	80
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	560	360	195	695	390	305	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	40	15	90	50	40	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	30	10	20
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	100	55	45	80	40	45	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	75	50	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	405	270	135	520	300	220	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	220	100	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	130	50	120	70	40	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	70	30	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	20	20	0	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	10	10	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35	25	10	20	20	0	793,030	427,220	365,815	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,330	239,705	63,620	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	110	80	30	65	45	20	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	60	15	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	15	25	0	20	252,815	102,150	150,665	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	220	135	85	410	225	180	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	150	70	80
Bachelor's degree	135	100	35	145	65	75	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	100	45	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	50	35	20	149,425	66,595	82,825	20	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	25	20	10	43,755	20,810	22,940	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	35	30	160	100	60	360,795	174,150	186,645	25	15	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	30	15	10	63,270	36,320	26,955	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	435	290	150	525	305	225	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	160	80	80
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	30	10	20	10	15	525,155	303,815	221,345	0	0	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	40	25	15	40	20	20	752,855	388,160	364,700	20	20	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	350	230	120	465	275	190	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	135	60	80
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	110	40	90	65	25	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	30	10	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	25	10	20	20	0	836,455	498,385	338,075	0	0	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	40	25	10	20	20	0	609,895	319,470	290,425	0	0	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,565	178,915	47,650	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	90	60	25	50	40	10	838,140	372,455	465,685	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	20	10	20	0	15	174,695	72,115	102,580	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	200	125	80	375	210	160	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	105	45	55
Bachelor's degree	120	90	35	125	60	65	802,755	343,100	459,650	75	40	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	50	30	20	119,460	50,155	69,310	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	20	10	0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	35	30	150	90	60	302,065	140,530	161,530	15	10	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	25	10	10	49,500	26,520	22,985	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	560	365	195	695	390	305	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	330	160	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	155	95	60	170	90	80	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	110	60	50
Education	10	0	0	15	10	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	0	25
13. Education	10	0	0	15	10	10	292,470	65,830	226,640	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	45	15	45	35	10	166,900	75,420	91,480	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	30	15	35	25	10	143,365	58,875	84,490	0	0	0
Humanities	50	40	10	30	10	20	228,770	90,810	137,960	15	15	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	15	0	0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	25	0	15	0	10	107,105	44,755	62,345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	825	1,365	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	35	40	85	10	75	430,845	142,280	288,570	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	15	0	15	57,080	19,060	38,020	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,155	6,625	72,535	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	15	20	0	20	77,880	29,725	48,160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15	0	10	65,230	15,095	50,135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	20	10	25	0	25	134,510	67,065	67,440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	55	35	20	85	40	45	950,820	357,290	593,535	40	10	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	780	305	475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	30	20	80	40	40	894,690	344,770	549,925	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	35	25	15	158,655	83,605	75,050	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	15	0	15	57,680	23,925	33,755	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	0	50	50	0	177,780	124,955	52,825	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	0	40	40	0	147,845	110,915	36,930	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,170	2,270	900	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	45	15	85	70	20	866,885	778,835	88,060	60	40	20
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	20	0	20	33,975	19,075	14,895	20	10	10
14. Engineering	20	15	0	45	40	0	181,290	147,120	34,170	40	25	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	15	0	161,440	141,185	20,255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	65	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	10	10	0	189,550	182,910	6,635	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	179,610	173,605	6,010	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,835	114,865	5,975	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0	0	0	99,230	60,010	39,225	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	30	10	15	80	45	35	515,215	101,455	413,760	30	10	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	60	35	25	470,150	78,875	391,275	30	10	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	270	575	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	15	10	15,080	7,385	7,700	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	291,295	157,925	133,365	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,335	42,710	111,625	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	320	35	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,450	1,300	145	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,545	69,880	7,660	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,280	370	905	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	440	285	150	520	300	220	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	160	75	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	85	60	30	60	30	30	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	25	20	0
Education	15	0	0	10	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
13. Education	15	0	0	10	0	0	195,595	39,630	155,965	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15	40	30	10	129,065	58,170	70,895	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	25	15	35	20	10	110,860	45,555	65,305	0	0	0
Humanities	40	30	10	15	10	10	144,140	56,410	87,730	0	0	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	0	0	0	61,125	26,395	34,730	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	485	930	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	35	30	75	10	60	334,475	103,635	230,840	15	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	15	0	15	47,510	15,360	32,155	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,690	4,665	60,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15	15	0	15	59,965	20,645	39,325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	15	0	0	48,920	10,080	38,835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	20	0	25	0	20	101,105	49,385	51,720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	50	30	20	80	40	40	741,390	268,705	472,685	20	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	245	300	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,070	8,735	34,335	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	25	20	80	40	40	697,775	259,725	438,045	15	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	20	0	30	20	10	102,055	53,195	48,865	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	10	0	10	46,430	18,895	27,530	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	0	50	50	0	147,350	104,880	42,465	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	0	40	40	0	126,845	95,720	31,120	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,145	1,435	710	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	60	40	15	85	65	20	665,365	588,950	76,415	55	30	20
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	20	0	20	27,250	14,670	12,580	15	10	10
14. Engineering	25	15	0	45	40	0	152,450	121,715	30,735	35	20	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	15	0	121,270	104,235	17,035	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	65	105	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	10	10	0	142,000	136,435	5,570	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	133,660	128,555	5,100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0	0	0	88,560	83,270	5,290	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0	0	0	79,190	45,870	33,320	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0	0	0	51,620	26,290	25,335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0	0	0
Health and related fields	20	0	15	65	45	25	387,725	74,730	312,995	20	0	20
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	15	0	10	45	30	20	352,905	58,735	294,170	20	0	20
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	730	180	550	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	20	15	10	11,475	4,765	6,710	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,120	122,320	106,800	10	10	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,395	31,320	89,075	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	250	30	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	770	125	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,820	34,595	11,230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,730	55,385	6,340	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	290	750	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	440	285	150	520	300	220	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	160	75	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85	60	30	60	30	30	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	25	20	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	350	225	125	460	275	190	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	135	60	75
Location of study inside Canada	275	190	85	315	185	130	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	125	50	75
Same as province or territory of residence	250	165	80	280	170	115	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	120	50	70
Different than province or territory of residence	25	20	0	35	20	15	116,855	57,870	58,990	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	35	40	145	85	60	414,490	209,160	205,330	15	0	0
Americas	30	25	15	20	15	0	81,780	40,955	40,820	0	0	0
United States of America	20	10	15	10	10	0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	125	95	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0	0	0
Europe	45	15	25	105	60	40	138,260	74,045	64,210	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0	0	0
France	40	0	25	95	60	35	77,225	43,085	34,135	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	935	530	415	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	190	180	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,700	620	1,080	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	290	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	715	360	360	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,345	985	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	345	155	180	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15	95,260	49,800	45,460	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,835	955	880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10	19,240	9,910	9,330	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	290	295	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,865	43,055	53,805	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	380	415	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	685	525	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	235	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	405	170	235	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,395	435	955	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,275	820	1,450	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,730	590	1,135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	410	565	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,795	1,010	785	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	215	185	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	560	360	195	690	390	305	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	330	160	170
In the labour force	370	255	110	460	270	190	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	185	90	95
Employed	320	215	105	440	260	180	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	180	90	90
Unemployed	55	40	10	20	10	10	335,015	176,245	158,775	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	190	105	85	235	125	115	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	145	65	80
Participation rate	66.1	70.8	56.4	66.7	69.2	62.3	64.1	67.4	60.9	56.1	56.3	55.9
Employment rate	57.1	59.7	53.8	63.8	66.7	59.0	59.3	62.3	56.3	54.5	56.3	52.9
Unemployment rate	14.9	15.7	9.1	4.3	3.7	5.3	7.6	7.7	7.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	560	365	195	695	390	305	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	330	160	170
Did not work¹⁸⁶	195	115	85	225	105	120	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	140	60	80
Worked	365	245	115	470	280	185	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	190	100	90
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	210	160	50	240	150	90	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	120	55	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	150	90	65	225	130	100	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	70	45	25
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	42.8	34.4	39.1	39.8	38.0	41.3	41.7	40.8	44.0	42.8	45.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	370	260	115	460	265	190	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	185	90	90
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	370	250	115	460	265	190	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	185	90	90
Employee	325	220	100	370	215	155	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	155	70	85
Permanent position	245	170	70	265	160	105	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	135	65	75
Temporary position	75	45	30	100	50	50	623,510	296,655	326,850	25	10	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	20	15	65	45	25	217,905	94,210	123,700	0	0	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	40	25	15	35	10	30	405,605	202,450	203,155	15	10	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	45	30	10	95	55	35	530,720	324,555	206,165	25	15	10
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	370	260	115	460	265	190	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	185	90	90
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	370	250	115	460	265	190	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	185	90	90
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,745	57,370	22,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	50	25	80	35	50	778,905	256,150	522,760	40	10	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	45	10	100	70	25	360,495	272,510	87,985	35	20	15
3 Health occupations	10	10	0	70	40	25	359,665	70,075	289,590	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	25	30	45	15	35	558,725	166,020	392,700	40	15	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20	80	45	35	146,560	72,400	74,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	115	100	20	60	40	20	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	25	15	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	20	20	0	702,290	645,355	56,935	15	10	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,625	68,885	17,735	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	207,740	150,405	57,335	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	370	260	115	460	265	190	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	185	90	90
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,550	43,585	46,970	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	370	250	115	460	265	190	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	185	90	90
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,050	55,055	23,990	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0	31,005	22,680	8,330	15	10	10
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	296,035	254,795	41,240	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	20	15	0	449,115	320,715	128,405	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	0	10	147,340	96,670	50,670	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	25	20	0	45	20	25	514,090	248,905	265,185	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	20	0	0	0	0	209,445	161,115	48,330	10	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	65	40	20	25	30	0	94,130	57,495	36,630	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	0	15	15	0	169,985	74,020	95,960	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,030	35,450	27,575	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	60	15	130	70	60	345,345	193,365	151,985	35	20	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	0	0	0	171,345	104,695	66,645	0	0	0
61 Educational services	35	15	15	45	15	35	340,885	104,300	236,590	35	15	15
62 Health care and social assistance	40	15	30	80	50	25	617,200	122,675	494,525	20	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	15	0	20	10	15	72,700	38,810	33,890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	25	20	0	10	0	10	232,480	109,950	122,530	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	10	10	20	15	0	190,470	89,730	100,735	0	0	0
91 Public administration	0	0	0	25	15	10	290,765	144,705	146,055	35	15	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	390	260	125	490	290	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	195	100	90
English	50	50	0	55	30	25	350,525	195,385	155,145	10	0	10
French	145	90	55	165	80	85	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	100	60	45
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0	0	0
English and French	185	120	60	240	155	80	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	85	45	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	15	0	52,970	26,700	26,265	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	435	290	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	390	260	125	490	290	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	195	100	90
Single responses	335	230	105	440	250	185	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	195	100	90
Official languages	335	230	105	435	250	185	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	195	100	90
English	110	85	25	140	95	50	668,485	365,785	302,695	25	15	15
French	230	140	85	295	160	135	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	170	90	85
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	375	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	720	855	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,290	945	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	70	95	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,640	720	920	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	140	175	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,325	585	745	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	150	175	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	145	175	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	65	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	200	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,025	395	625	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	45	90	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	735	280	450	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,420	725	695	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	680	665	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	175	125	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	485	520	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	180	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	1,065	885	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	40	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,480	855	625	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	345	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	570	320	250	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	115	75	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	200	165	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	445	220	225	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	185	300	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	40	185	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	165	215	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	30	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	125	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	100	170	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	65	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	20	50	40	10	269,365	142,370	126,995	0	0	0
English and French	50	30	20	45	40	10	249,945	132,640	117,300	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	30	60	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	390	260	125	490	290	195	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	195	100	90
None	245	165	80	270	155	115	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	110	60	50
English	75	50	25	125	70	55	720,960	391,075	329,885	65	25	40
French	60	40	20	80	55	25	302,145	161,340	140,805	20	15	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	10	0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	160	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	320	215	105	440	260	180	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	180	90	85
Worked at home	125	90	30	220	130	95	897,770	435,285	462,480	60	30	30
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	30	15	15	0	0	0	442,035	333,730	108,305	20	15	0
Usual place of work	165	105	60	210	125	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	95	45	50
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	165	105	60	210	125	90	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	95	45	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	155	95	60	185	100	90	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	75	30	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	20	20	0	419,210	203,335	215,875	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10	10	0	823,150	442,385	380,765	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,875	20,300	14,575	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	195	125	75	220	130	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	60	55
Car, truck or van	45	25	15	60	45	20	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	80	40	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	35	25	10	60	45	20	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	80	40	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	10	0	0	0	150,535	63,495	87,040	0	0	0
Public transit	70	45	25	80	65	20	287,345	120,460	166,885	25	15	10
Walked	50	30	15	35	0	30	178,645	78,570	100,075	0	0	0
Bicycle	25	10	15	35	15	15	40,420	26,585	13,835	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	28,740	25,895	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	195	125	75	220	130	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	60	55
Less than 15 minutes	25	15	10	30	10	25	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	0	0	0
15 to 29 minutes	75	55	20	70	55	15	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	45	15	30
30 to 44 minutes	65	35	25	85	45	40	635,870	363,430	272,445	45	25	15
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	0	25	20	0	235,140	133,720	101,425	20	10	0
60 minutes and over	15	10	10	0	0	0	206,480	126,635	79,840	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	195	125	75	220	130	85	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	115	60	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	0	0	0	241,420	189,270	52,155	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	10	10	15	10	0	569,745	368,480	201,265	20	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	30	0	75	45	30	935,640	441,465	494,170	30	0	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	85	50	35	65	30	35	626,895	259,220	367,675	25	15	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	10	40	15	20	330,930	142,495	188,435	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	15	10	15	15	0	489,685	284,160	205,530	35	25	0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	35	15	25	95	50	50	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	85	45	40
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	0	5	0	15	5	10	303,835	156,030	147,805	15	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	10	20	80	45	40	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	65	35	35
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	30	10	15	70	35	40	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	65	30	35
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	0	5	15	5	15	230,080	118,075	112,005	10	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	5	10	0	10	175,305	90,000	85,305	5	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	5	5	0	54,775	28,070	26,700	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15	55	30	25	992,895	508,315	484,580	50	20	30

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table