Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

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	Counts			Counts			Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	572	...	...	586	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	712	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.2	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	382	...	...	237	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	385	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	352	...	...	227	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	360	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19,930.3	...	...	18,142.4	...	...	4.2	...	...	14,442.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.03	...	...	0.03	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	0.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	570	280	295	585	280	305	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	710	370	340
0 to 14 years	60	30	35	125	55	70	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	145	70	75
0 to 4 years	25	15	15	45	25	20	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	55	25	25
5 to 9 years	20	10	15	40	15	30	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	60	25	35
10 to 14 years	15	5	15	40	15	20	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	35	20	15
15 to 64 years	455	230	225	390	195	195	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	500	270	230
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	30	10	20	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	40	20	25
20 to 24 years	50	25	25	40	20	25	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	35	15	20
25 to 29 years	80	40	45	50	25	25	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	65	40	25
30 to 34 years	75	35	40	35	15	20	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	60	30	30
35 to 39 years	65	35	30	55	30	25	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	45	20	30	40	25	20	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	65	35	30
45 to 49 years	40	20	15	25	20	10	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	45	25	15
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	40	15	25	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	50	25	25
55 to 59 years	30	25	10	30	20	10	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	40	30	10
60 to 64 years	20	10	10	35	15	15	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	35	20	15
65 years and over	50	20	30	75	30	45	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	65	30	35
65 to 69 years	15	5	10	20	10	5	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	30	15	20
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	15	5	5	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	20	15	10
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	15	5	15	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	15	5	10	840,545	370,905	469,645	10	0	5
85 years and over	10	5	5	15	5	10	861,395	319,540	541,860	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	5	0	0	525,445	212,735	312,705	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	5	0	5	258,035	87,300	170,735	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	0	0	0	68,380	17,670	50,715	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.5	10.7	11.9	21.4	19.6	23.0	16.3	16.9	15.6	20.4	18.9	22.1
15 to 64 years	79.8	82.1	76.3	66.7	69.6	63.9	64.8	65.4	64.2	70.4	73.0	67.6
65 years and over	8.8	7.1	10.2	12.8	10.7	14.8	19.0	17.7	20.2	9.2	8.1	10.3
85 years and over	1.8	1.8	1.7	2.6	1.8	3.3	2.3	1.8	2.9	0.7	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	37.6	38.4	36.8	37.5	37.8	37.2	41.9	41.0	42.8	35.6	36.7	34.5
Median age of the population	35.2	36.8	34.0	35.6	37.2	34.4	41.6	40.4	42.8	35.2	36.4	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	350	...	...	225	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Single-detached house	0	...	...	5	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	746,560	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	0	...	...	980,110	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	60	...	...	5	...	...	821,490	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	160	...	...	220	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	120	...	...	0	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...	34,880	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0	...	...	189,420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	350	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
1 person	215	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	195	...	...
2 persons	85	...	...	65	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	20	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	35	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	30	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	570	280	295	585	280	305	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	710	370	345
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	510	255	255	465	225	235	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	565	300	265
Married or living common-law	200	100	95	230	115	115	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	250	125	125
Married	95	45	45	185	90	90	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	230	120	110
Living common-law	100	55	45	45	20	20	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	20	10	10
Living common law - Never married	95	50	45	40	20	20	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	20	10	10
Living common law - Separated	5	0	5	0	0	0	123,830	65,045	58,785	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	5	0	0	5	5	0	721,715	365,760	355,950	0	0	5
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,165	36,860	50,300	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	315	155	165	230	110	125	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	315	170	140
Not married and not living common law - Never married	265	130	130	175	95	80	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	220	125	95
Not married and not living common law - Separated	15	5	5	10	0	10	741,135	319,045	422,090	20	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25	15	15	20	10	10	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	65	35	25
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	25	0	25	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	10	0	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	115	...	...	145	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	65	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	25	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	35	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	25	...	...	855,960	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	2.0	...	...	1.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...	140	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	145	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	110	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	105	...	...
Married couples	45	...	...	90	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	95	...	...
With children⁶	25	...	...	60	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	70	...	...
Without children	25	...	...	25	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	30	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	25	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	10	...	...
With children⁶	15	...	...	10	...	...	808,645	...	...	5	...	...
Without children	35	...	...	15	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	5	...	...
Total one-parent families	20	...	...	35	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	30	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	5	...	...	10	...	...	383,670	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	715	375	340
Total - Persons in census families	295	145	155	455	210	245	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	465	215	250
Married spouses or common-law partners	195	100	95	220	110	110	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	220	110	110
Parents in one-parent families	15	0	10	30	5	25	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	35	5	35
Children⁶	85	40	45	205	95	115	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	215	105	110
In a two-parent family	65	30	35	155	70	80	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	150	75	75
In a one-parent family	20	10	15	50	20	30	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	65	25	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	275	135	140	130	70	55	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	250	155	90
Living alone	215	105	105	70	40	35	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	200	125	70
Living with other relatives⁷	5	0	5	40	20	15	927,345	393,085	534,260	25	10	10
Living with non-relatives only	55	25	30	20	10	10	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	30	15	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	355	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	360	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	115	...	...	120	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	135	...	...
Couple-family households	95	...	...	100	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	105	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	60	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	70	...	...
Without children	55	...	...	40	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	35	...	...
One-parent-family households	15	...	...	25	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	30	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	0	...	...	10	...	...	441,745	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0	...	...	94,235	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5	...	...	10	...	...	450,415	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	25	...	...	15	...	...	663,835	...	...	20	...	...
One-person households	215	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	200	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	515	255	255	460	225	240	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	565	300	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	245	245	445	220	230	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	530	285	245
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	42,000	40,800	32,000	37,200	28,400	41,200	46,400	36,800	34,400	33,600	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	245	245	445	220	230	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	530	285	245
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	38,000	35,600	30,000	32,000	26,400	36,800	40,800	33,600	31,000	31,200	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	465	235	230	390	195	195	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	435	235	200
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	39,200	37,600	21,600	29,000	15,900	35,200	42,400	29,200	26,000	30,200	20,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415	205	205	325	175	150	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	395	215	175
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	41,600	36,800	24,200	30,000	19,200	37,200	43,200	32,000	26,600	31,400	22,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	385	175	215	400	185	215	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	495	260	230
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,300	6,600	7,700	12,000	9,800	13,600	9,800	8,500	11,000	11,000	9,800	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55	25	30	75	45	25	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	75	45	30
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,040	5,920	5,480	5,520	5,440	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,720	5,480	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	150	65	85	195	100	90	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	215	115	100
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,200	8,000	8,000	8,000	9,500	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	495	220	275	470	220	240	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	550	285	260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	205	260	450	215	240	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	515	275	240
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,800	71,500	59,600	40,600	42,000	39,200	54,450	62,650	46,560	38,000	40,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	460	205	260	450	215	240	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	515	275	240
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	54,000	47,600	34,000	34,800	33,600	44,920	50,320	39,680	33,600	35,200	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	440	200	240	390	190	195	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	435	235	200
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,200	67,500	56,000	32,400	35,200	29,800	50,240	59,500	41,000	32,400	36,400	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	380	160	215	310	160	155	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	400	230	175
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,400	79,500	52,800	32,400	34,500	29,600	50,280	58,050	42,000	32,600	36,000	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	370	145	220	410	195	215	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	470	245	230
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,280	7,600	8,700	14,300	12,300	16,200	11,170	10,180	12,060	11,720	9,900	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40	0	25	85	60	25	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	55	50	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	...	6,400	6,300	6,000	7,200	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,400	6,800	...
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	110	30	80	215	90	120	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	195	100	90
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,000	9,200	9,600	9,000	10,200	8,920	8,740	9,100	9,400	9,800	9,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	495	215	275	465	225	245	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	550	285	260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	180	100	80	90	40	50	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	165	100	65
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,500	85,000	74,500	48,000	47,600	54,800	63,600	69,000	58,000	48,400	49,600	43,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	101,000	112,000	86,000	57,000	54,000	60,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	50,000	50,000	50,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	185	60	125	145	75	75	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	205	115	90
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	8,800	18,800	11,700	17,800	8,500	18,400	21,000	16,600	17,000	26,400	14,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	30,000	33,000	20,000	25,000	14,800	29,160	33,960	24,860	24,000	28,800	17,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.0	92.0	88.0	68.0	74.0	63.0	82.2	86.4	76.8	72.0	78.0	64.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	81.0	88.0	75.0	54.0	62.0	48.0	66.8	70.6	61.7	67.0	75.0	57.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.1	7.6	12.4	31.8	26.4	37.0	17.8	13.7	23.1	28.2	22.0	36.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	x	1.0	2.9	4.0	1.8	1.4	1.2	1.7	2.0	3.0	x
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.0	5.3	12.3	9.6	14.8	5.4	4.5	6.6	10.8	10.2	11.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	1.6	4.8	11.2	8.8	13.2	4.7	4.0	5.5	9.6	9.2	10.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	510	255	255	465	225	235	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	565	300	265
Without total income	20	10	10	20	10	10	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	40	15	20
With total income	490	245	250	445	215	230	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	525	280	245
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	30	15	20	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	45	30	20
$10,000 to $19,999	60	35	25	80	25	55	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	80	40	45
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	40	90	45	50	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	105	55	45
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	35	65	30	30	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	95	50	45
$40,000 to $49,999	45	20	25	75	40	35	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	75	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	25	40	20	15	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	55	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	35	10	20	20	10	5	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	30	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	10	5	5	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	10	10	5	5	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	15	10	5	965,950	553,435	412,510	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	70	40	30	10	5	0	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	15	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	10	5	0	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	10	5	5
$150,000 and over	40	20	15	5	0	0	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	510	255	255	465	225	235	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	565	300	265
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	20	10	10	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	40	15	20
With after-tax income	490	245	250	445	215	230	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	525	280	245
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	15	15	35	15	20	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	45	30	20
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	30	85	25	60	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	80	40	45
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	45	110	55	50	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	125	70	55
$30,000 to $39,999	85	40	45	75	40	30	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	120	70	50
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	35	70	35	35	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	85	45	40
$50,000 to $59,999	40	15	25	35	20	15	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	15	10	10	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	5	15	10	5	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	10	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	0	0	0	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	0	0	0	643,700	402,325	241,380	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	45	20	20	5	0	0	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	0	0	0
$100,000 to $124,999	15	10	10	0	0	0	792,455	530,970	261,490	0	0	0
$125,000 and over	25	15	10	0	0	0	804,335	578,645	225,695	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	510	255	255	465	225	235	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	565	300	265
Without employment income	95	45	45	140	50	95	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	170	80	90
With employment income	415	205	210	320	175	145	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	395	220	175
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	30	20	35	15	20	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	45	20	25
$5,000 to $9,999	45	15	30	45	15	25	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	45	25	25
$10,000 to $19,999	50	20	25	60	35	25	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	65	35	30
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	15	45	20	25	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	35	10	20	30	15	15	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	60	35	20
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	35	30	10	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	45	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	15	10	5	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	25	5	15	15	15	5	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	15	15	0
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	5	0	0	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	10	10	5	929,490	539,395	390,095	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	5	5	0	760,035	439,505	320,530	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	60	40	20	10	5	0	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	15	5	5
$100,000 to $124,999	20	15	5	5	0	0	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	5	5	0
$125,000 and over	45	25	20	0	0	0	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	515	255	255	460	225	240	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	565	300	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	230	245	440	215	220	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	510	275	235
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	36,800	36,400	30,000	34,800	26,600	39,200	45,200	34,000	27,000	27,800	26,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	475	230	245	440	215	220	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	510	275	235
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	33,200	32,800	27,600	31,200	24,400	35,200	40,000	31,200	25,600	25,800	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	450	215	230	385	195	190	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	415	230	185
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	36,400	34,800	26,400	32,400	19,800	36,800	44,000	30,800	26,000	30,200	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	400	195	205	320	175	150	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	375	215	160
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,400	33,200	28,800	36,400	23,800	38,000	44,400	32,800	27,800	31,400	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	355	165	195	350	160	190	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	465	250	215
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,800	1,640	2,020	6,040	2,320	9,900	4,240	1,960	6,450	3,840	2,400	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	35	20	20	45	15	30	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	60	35	25
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	4,040	x	4,680	x	4,640	5,720	5,560	5,960	4,400	3,320	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	495	220	275	470	220	240	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	550	285	260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	190	255	450	215	240	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	505	265	235
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,600	61,600	49,600	36,000	38,800	33,200	52,350	61,250	43,800	31,600	33,600	29,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	445	190	255	450	215	240	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	505	265	235
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400	48,000	39,600	31,400	33,200	29,800	42,920	49,000	37,160	28,300	29,600	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	175	235	395	190	205	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	415	230	185
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,800	61,600	48,000	32,800	37,600	28,600	51,040	60,800	41,320	30,600	34,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	145	215	330	160	160	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	380	220	155
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,200	72,000	45,200	34,000	38,400	30,000	50,560	58,800	41,800	31,600	33,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	150	205	380	180	205	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	450	235	215
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,300	6,120	8,800	7,300	10,200	7,950	6,990	8,800	7,320	5,040	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40	15	25	60	35	25	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	40	25	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	5,000	14,000	5,000	4,400	6,400	7,560	6,880	8,210	5,400	7,200	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	495	215	275	465	225	245	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	550	285	260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	175	95	80	90	40	50	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	160	100	60
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	76,500	62,800	42,400	42,000	43,600	60,000	66,000	53,600	40,000	40,400	31,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,000	94,000	77,000	54,000	50,000	56,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	45,000	46,000	42,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	160	45	115	150	75	75	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	195	105	85
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	27,400	18,600	25,400	36,400	16,400	24,200	28,000	21,800	19,000	20,000	16,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	34,000	26,400	26,000	32,000	19,500	35,200	41,280	29,720	24,400	26,800	21,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	94.0	90.0	79.5	84.0	74.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	79.5	86.0	70.0
Employment income (%)	82.0	88.0	77.0	68.0	74.0	61.0	71.8	75.0	67.2	75.0	84.0	64.0
Government transfers (%)	8.5	6.8	10.0	20.6	15.4	26.0	12.3	8.9	16.9	20.6	13.2	30.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	0.6	2.8	1.9	1.8	2.0	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.4	2.0	x
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	350	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	69,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	61,200	...	...	73,000	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	215	...	...	70	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	34,800	...	...	41,600	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	30,000	...	...	37,200	...	...	31,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	135	...	...	155	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	77,500	...	...	105,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	330	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,400	...	...	79,500	...	...	106,300	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	67,000	...	...	87,700	...	...	48,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	60	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	46,000	...	...	53,350	...	...	37,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	37,000	...	...	44,360	...	...	32,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	165	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	93,000	...	...	128,200	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	105,700	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	350	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	0	...	...	165,175	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	91,750	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	178,475	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	274,140	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	637,695	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	5	...	...	505,875	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	488,735	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	560,950	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	572,650	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	559,155	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	15	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	25	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	986,460	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	921,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	15	...	...	844,835	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	55	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	25	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	15	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	35	...	...	0	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	350	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	5	...	...	186,735	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0	...	...	95,195	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	5	...	...	183,430	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	0	...	...	289,545	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	10	...	...	681,900	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	15	...	...	589,110	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	10	...	...	582,275	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	666,675	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	10	...	...	676,995	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	655,100	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	15	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	30	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	20	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	15	...	...	911,515	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	40	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	20	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	10	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	5	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	115	...	...	150	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	105,000	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	40	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	69,500	...	...	91,000	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	61,600	...	...	79,000	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	70	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	182,000	...	...	99,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.6	...	...	4.4	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	35	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	68,500	...	...	70,000	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	62,400	...	...	64,000	...	...	48,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	270	135	135	95	50	45	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	220	140	80
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	36,000	36,800	29,600	35,600	26,600	38,400	40,000	36,800	34,800	34,000	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	32,800	33,600	27,200	30,200	26,200	34,800	36,000	33,600	31,400	31,200	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	90	...	...	160	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	128,600	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	105,600	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	60	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	112,500	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	62,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	70	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	230,000	...	...	104,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	130,600	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	25	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	...	...	...	80,000	...	...	82,300	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	x	...	...	72,000	...	...	71,800	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	300	130	170	75	40	40	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	210	130	75
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	39,500	43,600	42,000	34,000	48,000	49,440	52,050	46,880	38,400	40,000	35,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	33,000	36,800	34,000	28,000	40,000	41,560	43,080	40,120	34,000	35,500	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	570	280	295	585	280	305	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	710	370	340
0 to 17 years	70	30	35	140	60	75	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	170	80	90
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	50	25	25	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	65	30	40
18 to 64 years	450	225	225	370	185	185	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	475	260	220
65 years and over	55	20	30	75	30	45	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	65	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	110	60	55	85	40	50	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	185	90	95
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	20	10	10	854,565	439,490	415,075	35	10	25
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	5	5	0	282,315	144,250	138,065	15	0	15
18 to 64 years	95	50	45	45	25	25	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	130	70	55
65 years and over	15	10	10	20	5	15	985,745	391,695	594,050	25	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.2	21.0	18.0	14.6	13.0	16.0	11.1	10.5	11.6	26.2	24.8	27.6
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	14.0	16.0	14.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	20.0	12.0	28.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	12.0	16.0	x	12.7	12.7	12.7	24.0	12.0	32.0
18 to 64 years (%)	20.8	21.0	21.0	12.8	11.0	14.0	9.7	9.4	9.9	26.8	27.0	26.0
65 years and over (%)	28.0	30.0	20.0	24.0	20.0	28.0	15.0	12.7	16.9	36.0	40.0	36.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	570	280	290	585	280	305	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	715	375	340
0 to 17 years	70	35	40	140	65	80	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	170	80	90
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	50	30	20	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	65	30	35
18 to 64 years	445	225	225	370	185	185	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	480	260	215
65 years and over	50	25	30	75	35	40	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	65	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	75	45	35	35	15	20	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	125	60	65
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	319,545	164,490	155,060	25	5	20
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,435	50,875	48,560	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	70	40	30	20	10	10	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	85	50	40
65 years and over	5	5	5	10	0	5	199,155	83,010	116,145	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.2	15.2	11.0	6.0	5.0	6.4	5.2	5.4	5.0	17.6	17.0	18.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.5	4.6	4.5	16.0	8.0	22.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.6	4.6	4.6	12.0	x	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	18.0	13.0	6.4	6.0	7.0	6.0	6.4	5.7	18.0	19.5	17.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	x	x	14.0	12.0	12.0	3.1	2.7	3.3	20.0	20.0	20.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	570	280	295	585	280	305	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	710	370	340
In bottom half of the distribution	320	165	160	450	210	245	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	625	335	295
In bottom decile	100	55	45	80	35	40	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	170	80	85
In second decile	65	30	35	80	35	40	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	135	70	65
In third decile	55	30	25	100	45	50	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	120	65	55
In fourth decile	65	30	35	120	50	65	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	110	70	45
In fifth decile	40	15	20	75	40	35	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	90	50	45
In top half of the distribution	250	120	135	135	70	60	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	85	40	45
In sixth decile	50	20	25	40	20	20	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	30	15	10
In seventh decile	40	20	25	35	20	20	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	30	15	15
In eighth decile	45	20	25	20	15	10	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	10	0	10
In ninth decile	50	20	25	20	10	10	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	15	5	5
In top decile	75	35	35	15	5	5	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	0	0	0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	570	...	...	585	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.414	...	...	0.261	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.273	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.494	...	...	0.454	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.360	...	...	0.226	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.241	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	715	375	340
English only	35	15	20	75	40	35	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	100	50	50
French only	115	60	60	155	70	85	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	260	125	135
English and French	420	205	215	315	150	160	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	330	185	145
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	40	15	30	689,725	284,170	405,555	20	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	715	375	340
English	100	45	55	155	80	75	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	155	75	75
French	440	215	220	310	150	160	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	460	235	225
English and French	30	15	20	85	35	45	476,175	237,635	238,535	75	50	30
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	40	15	30	673,100	275,685	397,420	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	715	375	340
Single responses	535	265	275	510	240	270	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	650	335	315
Official languages	460	230	230	215	105	110	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	270	140	130
English	65	25	40	45	30	20	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	45	25	20
French	395	205	195	170	80	90	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	220	115	110
Non-official languages	75	35	40	295	135	160	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	375	195	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	148,895	71,630	77,265	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,125	46,545	50,580	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	67,665	32,715	34,950	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,070	25,645	27,430	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	85	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	300	280	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	310	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	125	120	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	865	400	460	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	235	235	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	850	1,030	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,885	6,200	6,680	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,785	6,155	6,630	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	625	280	340	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,505	755	755	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	400	195	200	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	440	400	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	65	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	40	25	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,390	725	670	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	40	85	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	50	65	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	25	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	220	340	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	140	200	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	85	140	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	355	150	205	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	115	155	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	15	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	220	265	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	90	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	100	80	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	265	125	140	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	185	80	105	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,040	485	555	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	40	25	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	245	315	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	180	190	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	20	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	515	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	590	300	290	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	155	170	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	35	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	180	120	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	70	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	95	130	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	180	75	100	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	75	35	40	295	135	160	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	375	195	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	45	20	20	698,355	359,625	338,730	140	75	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,490	14,715	12,775	10	5	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,760	13,130	11,625	10	5	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	225	170	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,985	1,085	905	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	740	570	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	675	340	335	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	510	505	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,020	1,085	935	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	400	350	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	40	20	20	618,450	320,045	298,405	125	65	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,685	12,090	13,600	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	40	20	20	508,410	265,350	243,060	125	65	60
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,600	805	795	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	550	675	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	450	235	220	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10	192,985	87,230	105,750	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5	19,525	8,820	10,705	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	5	173,000	78,180	94,820	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	230	225	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5	565,375	238,875	326,500	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,115	940	1,180	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,215	3,425	4,790	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,945	7,800	11,145	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	605	325	280	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,100	465	640	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	990	1,090	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,245	580	670	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	415	425	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	570	760	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	5	5	461,150	194,805	266,345	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	690	935	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	0	78,235	35,650	42,580	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0	52,435	23,355	29,085	10	5	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	315	290	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	435	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	280	300	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,550	7,325	8,230	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10	244,165	125,180	118,990	30	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,050	29,375	24,670	20	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	10	152,850	75,010	77,845	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	310	305	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	170	195	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	565	265	305	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	30	180	80	100	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	100	40	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,720	16,335	17,385	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	648,810	297,100	351,710	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	638,250	292,670	345,580	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	325	395	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,035	9,090	9,950	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	160,170	72,120	88,050	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	197,905	89,100	108,800	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	500	240	255	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,735	56,900	59,835	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,500	20,755	22,740	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,425	28,410	29,015	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,995	945	1,045	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,705	38,005	46,695	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	235	205	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	355	315	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	210	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	410	420	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	135	95	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	463,400	221,365	242,035	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,570	800	775	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,570	142,580	158,990	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,865	128,250	144,615	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,575	3,740	3,835	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,655	67,815	70,840	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,270	6,175	6,095	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,315	39,000	41,310	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	650	625	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,200	16,410	16,785	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,275	9,500	10,775	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,945	4,750	5,195	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	430	480	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	670	660	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	93,335	45,860	47,470	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	65	30	30	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	65	30	35	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	20	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,580	45,160	42,425	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5	138,985	73,335	65,655	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0	152,825	79,585	73,240	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	745	395	350	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,775	940	835	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,125	615	510	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	325	320	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	20	25	666,585	341,515	325,065	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	235,290	118,540	116,755	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	300,555	150,160	150,390	15	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	305	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	240	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,520	10,170	9,355	15	5	5
Persian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	262,625	130,180	132,440	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	179,425	89,070	90,360	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	425	390	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	305	165	140	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	100	45	60	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	35	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	905	470	440	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	50	15	30	319,505	154,295	165,205	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	25	15	15	240,680	115,235	125,450	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,160	44,185	48,975	10	0	5
Spanish	25	10	15	30	15	15	538,870	259,500	279,375	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,165	610	550	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	385	195	185	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,850	14,205	29,650	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	170,400	77,075	93,325	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	800	1,050	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	108,295	52,850	55,440	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,855	1,000	860	15	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,685	745	940	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	1,030	920	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,520	1,825	1,695	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	815	400	415	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,890	885	1,010	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	320	440	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	245	275	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	515	260	260	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	365	325	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	920	420	500	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,660	4,035	4,625	10	10	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	315	190	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	520	200	320	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,030	495	535	10	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,605	2,285	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,000	6,405	6,590	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	515	570	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	575	305	270	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	990	520	465	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	555	450	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	10	0	5	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	10	10	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5	10	0	5	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	10	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	679,255	310,750	368,510	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	665	645	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5	27,805	12,415	15,390	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	5	0	5	553,380	255,540	297,835	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	630	295	330	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	475	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	305	315	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	445	440	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	285	295	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	165	240	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,520	28,385	25,135	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	540	230	305	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,190	23,615	20,570	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355	660	690	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,805	890	920	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,150	530	620	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,180	31,000	37,180	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,200	5,075	7,120	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,500	23,980	27,525	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,060	540	520	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	15	20	80	40	35	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	65	35	25
English and French	20	10	10	15	5	10	291,325	142,420	148,905	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	20	5	5	921,480	450,685	470,800	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	30	15	10	117,910	57,875	60,040	50	30	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	10	5	5	52,880	25,900	26,975	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,095	42,330	49,765	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	715	375	340
English	60	30	30	50	25	25	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	40	20	20
French	350	175	175	145	75	75	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	235	125	110
Non-official language	20	10	10	125	50	75	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	120	60	65
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	125	50	75	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	120	60	65
English and French	80	40	40	55	20	30	953,760	465,560	488,205	30	20	15
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	55	30	20	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	40	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	90	45	45	395,320	188,195	207,125	155	80	75
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	70	35	35	455,760	217,995	237,770	80	45	30
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	5	200,320	93,165	107,155	10	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	570	280	290	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	715	375	340
Single responses	530	255	270	490	235	255	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	635	325	305
Official languages	495	240	250	285	135	145	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	405	210	190
English	80	40	45	85	40	45	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	70	40	30
French	415	205	210	200	95	100	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	330	170	160
Non-official languages	35	15	15	205	95	110	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	230	110	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	980	495	480	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	30	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	300	265	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	665	305	360	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,455	730	725	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	830	430	405	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	505	260	245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	70	70	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	200	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	125	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	390	315	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	95	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	395	220	175	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	755	420	335	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	65	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	55	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	80	70	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	130	130	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	10	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	110	130	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	40	55	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	115	105	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	65	55	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	25	40	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	5	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	85	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	15	205	95	110	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	230	110	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	395,840	197,010	198,830	85	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,295	5,940	5,355	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,180	5,325	4,850	10	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	840	455	380	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	155	130	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	425	410	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	635	330	305	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	95	105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	545	265	280	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,375	14,115	16,260	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,645	890	760	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,410	11,075	13,335	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	215	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	15	5	10	352,790	176,270	176,520	75	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	15	5	10	285,915	143,650	142,260	75	40	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	605	615	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	305	380	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	360	435	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	135	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	127,730	58,660	69,070	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	5	116,785	53,735	63,055	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	160	135	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,245	149,550	176,700	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	760	370	395	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200	110	85	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	265	320	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	150	170	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	725	370	355	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	165	170	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	205	190	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	145	140	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	310	375	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	275,045	125,870	149,170	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	325	360	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	35,195	15,455	19,740	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	125	175	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	150	210	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	135	160	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,120	3,275	3,845	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	395	475	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5	169,705	85,265	84,440	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,390	19,010	16,380	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	5	112,335	54,240	58,095	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	240	120	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	205	105	105	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,335	730	610	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	105	120	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	125	55	70	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	70	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,970	10,415	11,550	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,480	143,495	159,985	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	395	485	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,615	720	895	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	300,985	142,375	158,610	0	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	100	115	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,780	59,290	66,490	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,150	25,720	27,430	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	640	315	325	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,375	595	785	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	295	265	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	165	145	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	55	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	55	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,450	68,575	71,875	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	110	155	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	103,780	50,460	53,325	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,820	41,815	45,005	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750	870	875	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,710	16,730	16,980	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	490	240	245	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	220	100	120	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	920	1,020	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	280	340	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	95	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	125	135	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	435	450	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	740	355	390	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5	38,300	17,490	20,810	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	55	30	25	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25	962,820	490,815	472,000	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	110	110	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,930	47,555	44,375	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	130	140	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	880	415	470	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	420	375	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	525	275	250	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	145	130	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	30	520,390	266,775	253,610	5	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	158,040	78,420	79,615	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,015	1,040	975	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	204,420	99,545	104,875	15	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	155	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	280	130	150	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,215	6,670	6,545	15	5	5
Persian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0	0	0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	475	250	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	70	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	60	20	40	577,735	273,965	303,770	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	185	190	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	35	10	25	92,755	38,750	54,005	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5	118,730	56,685	62,045	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,090	23,135	24,955	5	5	5
Spanish	10	0	5	10	5	5	317,365	155,005	162,360	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	425	210	220	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	95	95	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	125,525	58,250	67,275	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	505	545	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0	38,600	18,055	20,545	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	280	280	5	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	150	215	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	470	225	245	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,315	665	650	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	260	115	150	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	260	295	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	770	765	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,520	655	860	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	35	60	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	35	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	160	85	75	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	130	160	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	145	85	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	45	85	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	130	160	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,945	1,040	910	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	900	485	420	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	295	355	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,465	705	760	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	75	70	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	830	645	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	967,965	450,210	517,755	10	5	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	5	0	5	955,685	444,115	511,565	10	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	530,945	249,675	281,270	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	370	405	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5	13,945	6,255	7,685	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	393,430	180,000	213,435	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	225	110	115	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	660	320	340	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	440	225	210	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	225	240	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	135	155	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	85	125	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	55	50	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	850	420	435	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	950	470	480	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	195	210	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	615	245	370	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	195	195	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	95	45	50	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	75	50	30
English and French	35	15	15	15	5	10	230,955	112,070	118,880	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	15	10	10	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	40	25	20	125,525	60,405	65,125	40	25	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	20	10	10	56,805	27,370	29,430	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	570	280	295	585	280	305	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	715	370	345
None	470	235	235	385	180	205	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	455	235	220
English	50	25	25	60	35	25	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	35	20	20
French	10	5	10	55	25	30	571,040	268,530	302,510	65	35	30
Non-official language	20	10	10	45	20	25	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	80	45	40
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,565	29,285	34,280	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	45	20	25	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	80	45	40
English and French	5	0	5	10	5	5	86,185	42,600	43,585	25	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	10	10	5	323,845	161,995	161,850	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	10	5	10	134,565	61,575	72,995	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	5	5	0	234,905	115,470	119,430	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	555	250	310	600	295	305	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	710	350	365
Official languages	555	250	310	555	280	275	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	680	340	340
English	425	180	245	390	185	205	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	390	210	180
French	530	230	300	455	230	220	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	605	295	310
Non-official languages	200	70	130	445	205	240	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	510	250	265
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	243,155	116,360	126,795	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	163,815	78,135	85,675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,850	50,975	54,870	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,875	42,340	45,530	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	420	220	200	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	450	445	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,005	5,440	6,555	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,035	515	525	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	420	400	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,865	20,015	22,850	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	895	1,060	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,160	11,930	14,235	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,035	875	1,165	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	80	135	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	100	65	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,390	9,635	10,755	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,135	9,515	10,620	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	680	870	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	125	145	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	115	180	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	775	355	420	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	195	215	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,210	620	590	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	480	265	220	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	130	115	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	235	140	100	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	40	95	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	870	400	470	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	75	100	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	120	190	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	50	85	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	50	85	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	290	140	150	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	75	75	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	245	90	155	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	505	630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	795	365	430	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	145	205	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	30	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,055	880	1,175	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	230	95	135	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,605	655	950	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	210	105	110	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	35	25	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	90	120	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,050	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	670	745	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	600	285	305	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	300	215	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,090	510	580	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	165	185	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	135	185	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	705	320	390	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	190	175	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	370	195	175	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,530	715	810	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	925	470	455	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	180	140	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	465	210	255	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	145	145	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	335	170	170	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	820	355	465	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	700	315	390	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	310	335	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	855	405	450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	70	130	445	205	240	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	510	250	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	15	45	25	15	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	190	100	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,835	22,775	20,060	20	0	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,415	19,660	17,755	15	0	10
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,330	750	575	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	1,040	965	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,400	760	645	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	15	45	25	15	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	185	95	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	15	45	25	15	838,045	436,510	401,540	185	95	90
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,000	925	1,075	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,760	1,065	695	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15	260,030	120,035	139,995	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	0	232,800	107,435	125,355	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	455	455	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	793,275	336,445	456,840	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,990	4,625	6,375	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,045	13,790	19,250	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	900	865	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,385	6,650	9,735	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,680	25,280	36,400	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,950	770	1,175	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0	860	345	510	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,565	785	780	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	737,565	310,735	426,830	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,140	8,785	11,355	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0	0	0	184,840	85,045	99,790	15	15	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	0	0	0	0	134,895	61,215	73,680	15	15	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,090	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,535	785	750	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20	359,485	185,160	174,325	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,910	42,025	35,890	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	30	10	20	237,890	119,570	118,320	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,765	935	835	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	970	450	520	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	720	365	360	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	55	115	320	140	180	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	145	60	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,500	21,675	22,825	15	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	820,305	384,390	435,915	15	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	809,985	380,025	429,960	15	0	15
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,625	13,595	15,030	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	204,460	94,135	110,325	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	309,235	145,375	163,860	10	0	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	345	330	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,775	76,800	78,975	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,845	36,015	37,830	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	83,735	41,550	42,185	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,650	4,715	5,935	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	131,655	59,230	72,425	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	770	385	385	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	910	495	415	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	0	25	0	0	0	658,705	319,800	338,905	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0	0	0
High German languages	25	0	25	0	0	0	453,995	222,215	231,780	0	0	0
German	25	0	25	0	0	0	419,195	204,840	214,355	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,465	5,025	5,440	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	191,840	93,435	98,405	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,670	15,335	14,335	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	107,985	51,330	56,650	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,165	20,590	20,575	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,500	17,205	20,300	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,700	6,805	7,900	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,475	685	790	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,620	6,765	7,855	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,275	720	555	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,060	71,685	73,375	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	45	55	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	45	55	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	40	25	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,605	62,330	58,270	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	20	209,415	110,000	99,405	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	65	25	35	761,425	395,410	366,015	15	10	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	965	865	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,710	925	785	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	25	30	942,170	488,075	454,090	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	345	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	414,870	211,895	202,975	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	370,520	186,750	183,770	30	0	20
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	985	565	420	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	535	470	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,695	16,810	14,885	30	0	20
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	326,285	163,665	162,620	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	222,160	111,750	110,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,830	970	855	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,135	1,245	895	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	55	95	205	90	115	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	50	30	25
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15	70	30	45	547,655	263,950	283,705	10	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	75	35	40	336,865	164,985	171,880	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0	0	0
Spanish	105	40	65	70	20	45	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	35	25	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,965	1,025	940	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,070	43,380	54,690	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	203,885	92,275	111,605	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	267,520	131,495	136,025	150	70	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,950	2,570	2,380	50	15	30
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,850	750	1,100	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,365	9,345	9,020	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,720	12,260	13,460	15	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,080	585	490	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,825	7,070	7,755	25	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,010	650	360	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,295	28,950	28,340	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,940	6,925	6,015	15	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,935	25,265	25,675	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,625	21,935	21,685	25	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,490	685	805	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,535	19,685	29,850	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,620	14,430	23,195	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	25	10	15
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0	987,300	452,995	534,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,825	840	980	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	724,925	335,185	389,740	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,720	5,695	6,020	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,140	520	620	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	845	395	450	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,050	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,220	540	680	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,705	14,255	19,440	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,575	6,955	11,615	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	330	465	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,375	47,575	43,800	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,415	600	815	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,500	41,130	37,365	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,660	790	875	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,150	980	1,165	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,055	39,290	45,765	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,325	6,735	8,590	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,625	30,320	34,300	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	555	245	305	605	295	300	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	345	360
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	0	0	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	624,220	306,220	318,000	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,540	34,645	35,895	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,855	13,645	15,215	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,225	16,620	18,610	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	550	245	300	605	295	300	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	705	345	355
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	555	245	305	605	295	300	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	345	360
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	831,720	402,310	429,405	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	550	245	305	605	295	300	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	710	345	360
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Owner	100	...	...	95	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	55	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	135	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	305	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	25	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	115	...	...
Not condominium	295	...	...	210	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...	132,060	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	45	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	210	...	...
2 bedrooms	85	...	...	85	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	110	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	70	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	25	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	220	...	...	105	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	315	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	65	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	20	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	15	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	15	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.6	...	...	4.7	...	...	6.1	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	215	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	315	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	15	...	...	353,715	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Suitable	330	...	...	195	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	35	...	...	805,650	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
1960 or before	185	...	...	85	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	60	...	...
1961 to 1980	105	...	...	80	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	130	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	35	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	0	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	70	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	0	...	...	959,860	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	10	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	0	...	...	0	...	...	967,540	...	...	15	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10	...	...	0	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	295	...	...	215	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	320	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	15	...	...	919,545	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
One-maintainer household	225	...	...	145	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	265	...	...
Two-maintainer household	90	...	...	80	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	95	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	15	...	...	10	...	...	687,485	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	10	...	...	424,695	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	95	...	...	20	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	80	...	...	45	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	100	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	45	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	65	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	25	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	10	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	10	...	...	457,900	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	330	...	...	235	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	200	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	280	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100	...	...	30	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	75	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	30	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	335	...	...	230	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	75	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	155	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	85	...	...	30	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	60	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	30	...	...	595,110	...	...	55	...	...
Major repairs needed only	15	...	...	10	...	...	645,465	...	...	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0	...	...	135,770	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0	...	...	199,355	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	10	...	...	64,095	...	...	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	210	...	...	155	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	305	...	...	230	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	350	...	...
In core need	50	...	...	15	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	60	...	...
Not in core need	255	...	...	210	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	95	...	...	100	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	50	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	84.2	...	...	55.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.1	...	...	0.0	...	...	14.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,600	...	...	1,030	...	...	1,240	...	...	540	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	1,220	...	...	1,498	...	...	800	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	560,000	...	...	600,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	640,000	...	...	620,000	...	...	618,500	...	...	360,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	135	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	305	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	11.1	...	...	11.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.2	...	...	14.8	...	...	33.2	...	...	23.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.7	...	...	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	790	...	...	850	...	...	1,070	...	...	755	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	800	...	...	1,209	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...	69,130	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	5.9	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	284	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	327	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	555	245	305	600	300	305	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	350	360
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	985,200	480,950	504,245	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	963,705	470,850	492,855	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	763,230	371,400	391,825	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	146,010	72,680	73,325	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,490	10,095	11,395	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,665	8,215	9,450	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,070	530	535	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	320	165	155	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	0	0	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	801,630	384,550	417,075	0	0	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	362,130	174,975	187,150	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,930	16,605	19,320	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,815	14,790	17,025	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	545	245	295	600	300	305	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	700	350	355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	550	245	310	600	300	305	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	705	350	360
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	420	175	240	505	260	245	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	530	250	275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	65	30	35	130	75	55	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	140	55	85
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	350	145	205	380	185	195	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	385	200	190
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	70	65	95	35	55	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	180	95	85
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	550	245	310	600	300	305	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	705	350	360
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	305	120	185	305	160	145	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	230	90	145
Immigrants⁸¹	145	70	70	265	125	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	420	230	195
Before 1980	15	0	15	50	30	25	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	30	0	25
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	55	40	20	924,320	443,805	480,520	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	15	65	20	50	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	65	35	25
2001 to 2010	45	30	20	35	15	20	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	90	55	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	55	25	25	55	25	30	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	220	110	110
2011 to 2015	25	15	10	30	20	10	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	135	80	55
2016 to 2021	30	15	20	30	10	20	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	85	35	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	100	55	50	25	10	15	924,850	499,490	425,365	55	35	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	145	70	75	270	130	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	420	230	195
Under 5 years	25	10	15	30	10	20	748,265	377,795	370,470	45	25	20
5 to 14 years	15	0	10	30	20	10	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	45	20	25
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	80	35	40	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	55	40	15
25 to 44 years	95	60	40	120	60	65	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	255	135	125
45 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0	797,180	364,260	432,920	15	10	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	145	70	75	270	130	140	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	420	230	195
Americas	30	10	15	45	20	20	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,450	22,405	26,050	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,570	36,675	43,900	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,450	24,430	25,015	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0	85,530	37,870	47,660	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0	99,945	44,585	55,360	20	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,360	63,430	81,925	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	90,585	42,215	48,370	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,420	13,925	17,490	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,035	29,110	35,930	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	256,090	115,380	140,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	0	10	250,760	116,305	134,460	0	0	0
Europe	95	50	40	85	40	45	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	30	10	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,925	17,705	18,220	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,675	18,115	18,560	0	0	0
France	75	40	40	0	0	0	121,525	63,845	57,685	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	126,470	60,560	65,915	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,715	27,050	27,665	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,050	14,595	16,450	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	45	20	25	204,065	101,445	102,625	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,830	39,020	36,810	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,030	60,660	74,370	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	35	10	25	128,795	62,880	65,910	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	86,770	40,820	45,955	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,840	35,185	46,650	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,925	15,480	16,450	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,135	36,840	44,295	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	464,135	229,710	234,430	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	271,725	131,935	139,790	15	0	15
Africa	15	10	10	40	20	20	821,735	412,365	409,375	270	160	105
Algeria	10	0	0	15	10	0	79,660	41,065	38,600	20	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,110	15,775	17,340	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	73,710	38,730	34,980	35	20	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	25	10	15	81,775	41,085	40,685	45	25	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,290	41,665	39,620	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	51,590	25,740	25,855	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0	314,995	157,170	157,825	155	100	60
Asia	10	0	0	100	40	55	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	90	40	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,940	92,300	90,645	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	84,130	42,660	41,465	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	95,725	50,675	45,055	35	20	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,590	49,855	47,735	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,270	18,835	16,435	15	0	10
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	715,835	317,970	397,860	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,855	100,480	113,375	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	138,355	63,025	75,325	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,365	28,725	36,635	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	719,580	305,115	414,460	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0	182,095	82,670	99,425	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,090	35,675	34,415	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	55	20	30	898,050	451,120	446,930	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	234,105	118,390	115,715	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10	136,240	66,215	70,030	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	375,340	175,930	199,410	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	61,965	31,055	30,910	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	15	20	30	0	20	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	85	35	50
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	154,490	74,275	80,215	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,895	9,340	10,560	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,155	7,740	7,420	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,150	8,405	8,745	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,875	19,790	20,085	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,350	15,785	17,570	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	20	0	0	0	134,425	69,310	65,120	0	0	0
France	25	10	20	0	0	0	27,175	14,560	12,610	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,515	6,570	7,945	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,755	13,550	9,200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,120	21,160	21,960	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	206,965	102,875	104,090	45	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,745	7,530	8,220	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,330	8,755	7,575	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,835	6,025	6,810	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,360	20,575	19,780	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,960	19,250	19,715	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	30	0	20	823,205	393,110	430,090	25	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,730	6,290	6,440	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,185	6,670	6,515	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	118,035	50,365	67,665	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	0	20	246,995	128,205	118,790	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,650	12,310	13,340	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,715	8,835	8,875	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,985	8,790	12,200	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,255	18,070	18,190	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	151,490	66,720	84,765	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	63,130	32,725	30,410	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,725	5,605	9,125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,410	13,035	17,375	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	555	245	305	600	295	300	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	350	360
First generation¹⁰⁰	260	125	135	300	145	155	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	480	260	220
Second generation¹⁰¹	105	50	55	205	110	105	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	160	75	85
Third generation or more¹⁰²	190	70	120	90	50	45	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	70	15	55
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	130	65	55	215	100	115	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	385	220	170
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	110	65	40	90	40	45	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	175	100	75
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	50	20	50	30	20	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	95	70	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	25	35	10	30	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	80	35	50
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	0	15	80	30	50	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	85	40	45
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	45	30	15	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	125	75	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,900	42,145	49,755	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	130	65	55	215	100	115	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	385	220	170
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	25	10	15	416,105	222,895	193,205	90	70	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	15	25	15	10	0	705,405	324,370	381,035	15	10	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	0	0	0	183,250	92,135	91,110	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	15	0	0	0	0	377,130	188,535	188,590	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,540	15,685	23,855	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	60	30	30	165	75	95	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	270	125	145
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	555	245	305	600	295	300	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	345	360
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	95	35	65	305	155	150	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	555	300	255
South Asian	0	0	0	135	65	70	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	55	25	30
Chinese	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	25	10	15
Black	40	15	25	15	10	0	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	260	145	120
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	957,355	427,755	529,600	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	55	35	20	694,015	362,845	331,170	180	100	75
Latin American	20	10	15	45	15	30	580,235	281,030	299,200	20	10	10
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	40	25	20	390,340	184,120	206,220	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0	0	0	0	360,495	181,795	178,695	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	218,140	101,855	116,285	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,890	42,315	56,575	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	172,885	83,310	89,580	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0	0	0	331,805	160,790	171,010	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	460	220	240	295	145	150	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	150	50	105
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	555	250	310	600	300	305	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	710	350	365
Canadian	75	35	40	45	25	20	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	25	10	15
English	20	10	15	0	0	0	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	0	0	0
Irish	15	0	15	15	10	10	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	25	0	10
Scottish	10	10	0	0	0	0	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	0	0	0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	230	120	115	30	15	15	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	25	10	10
German	20	0	10	0	0	0	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	10	10	0	10	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	25	10	15
Italian	20	10	15	85	35	50	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	0	0	0
Indian (India)	0	0	0	50	15	35	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	20	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	988,585	489,045	499,545	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	10	0	0	0	982,820	472,290	510,525	0	0	0
Québécois	35	15	20	35	15	20	981,635	490,130	491,510	20	10	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0	0	0	938,950	462,420	476,530	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0	0	0	925,490	414,915	510,570	0	0	0
French Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	906,315	441,610	464,705	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	15	10	0	0	0	0	691,260	347,080	344,175	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	632,340	304,220	328,120	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	0	0	0	560,335	271,985	288,350	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	25	15	10	0	0	0	551,910	278,060	273,850	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	548,140	260,075	288,065	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	466,500	224,290	242,210	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0	455,720	216,490	239,230	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	40	40	448,305	222,770	225,535	0	0	0
American	0	0	0	0	0	0	353,495	172,240	181,255	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10	20	10	10	342,040	160,475	181,570	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	334,505	156,840	177,665	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	320,150	155,755	164,395	0	0	0
Acadian	10	0	10	0	0	0	305,170	145,500	159,675	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0	303,260	154,435	148,825	35	10	25
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,955	148,335	153,625	50	30	25
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	282,015	141,530	140,490	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,950	145,620	134,330	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	275,530	131,075	144,445	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	45	30	15	263,710	138,210	125,500	30	25	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,140	132,975	129,160	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,070	119,265	129,805	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	226,220	107,785	118,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,855	105,825	114,030	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	217,650	101,805	115,845	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	215,885	103,720	112,165	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	210,605	107,990	102,615	35	10	25
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,465	100,790	99,675	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	200,340	99,800	100,540	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,840	94,035	100,810	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0	194,640	101,255	93,385	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	189,535	92,740	96,800	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	182,175	90,150	92,030	0	0	0
Haitian	30	10	20	0	0	0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0	30	20	15	166,160	87,665	78,495	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,495	77,435	78,055	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,095	77,735	77,360	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0	0	0	145,570	72,015	73,555	15	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,055	69,270	74,785	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	10	20	132,410	65,175	67,240	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	130,820	64,915	65,905	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0	129,425	56,850	72,580	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0	0	0	120,125	60,575	59,550	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	111,605	53,700	57,905	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	110,735	54,730	56,005	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,245	55,230	50,020	25	20	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	104,765	51,375	53,395	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	101,990	50,370	51,620	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,980	50,835	49,150	55	35	25
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,925	47,495	51,430	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,250	49,385	48,865	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	94,585	44,335	50,250	20	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	93,360	46,945	46,410	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	92,220	44,610	47,600	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	91,670	45,665	46,005	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,555	39,675	40,880	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,340	41,415	38,925	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,745	39,955	36,795	20	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,675	37,315	39,365	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0	0	0
Algerian	30	10	15	0	0	0	73,770	38,035	35,740	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0	69,540	34,680	34,860	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,850	34,105	34,745	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	68,210	33,475	34,740	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,780	31,525	35,255	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,020	29,280	34,740	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,280	29,150	30,130	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,195	25,715	31,475	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,070	27,025	29,040	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	52,040	24,510	27,530	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,840	24,885	24,955	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0	46,765	24,165	22,595	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,685	22,520	23,165	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	44,720	21,700	23,025	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,405	20,105	22,300	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	42,075	21,740	20,330	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,950	19,835	22,115	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	25	15	10	41,700	22,325	19,370	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,670	20,210	20,455	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,595	18,785	19,815	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,520	18,935	19,585	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,395	17,140	18,250	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,135	15,355	17,775	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,575	16,525	16,055	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,430	15,700	15,730	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,565	14,635	15,930	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	28,140	13,515	14,620	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,200	12,495	12,710	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,420	12,265	12,155	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,325	12,230	12,095	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,455	11,080	12,375	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,020	11,040	11,980	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,695	11,090	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,785	11,680	11,105	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,305	9,890	9,415	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,850	9,055	9,795	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,545	8,975	9,570	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,955	8,625	9,330	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,755	9,275	8,470	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0	17,050	7,935	9,115	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,570	8,255	8,310	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,315	8,565	7,750	10	0	10
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,780	7,505	8,280	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,055	7,180	7,875	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,265	6,730	7,535	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	5,080	5,745	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,390	3,700	3,695	35	25	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,545	3,225	3,320	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	555	245	305	605	295	300	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	710	345	360
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0	356,975	157,435	199,540	0	0	0
Christian	175	65	110	280	140	145	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	185	85	100
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30	10	20	0	0	0	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	70	40	25
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	144,145	70,095	74,050	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0	0	0	0	436,940	200,325	236,615	0	0	0
Catholic	145	55	90	250	130	120	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	50	20	30
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0	0	0	623,010	301,055	321,955	25	0	20
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0	0	0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0	87,725	41,365	46,360	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0	0	0	328,045	150,115	177,925	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0	0	0	100,655	46,640	54,020	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0	0	0	399,025	180,870	218,155	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0	0	0	301,400	136,440	164,960	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0	79,870	39,250	40,620	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	745,650	345,540	400,110	15	0	10
Hindu	0	0	0	80	40	40	828,195	430,135	398,060	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	0	0	0	335,295	164,220	171,070	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0	75	45	25	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	360	195	170
Sikh	0	0	0	45	20	30	771,790	394,345	377,445	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0	80,685	38,460	42,230	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0	0	0	229,015	97,645	131,370	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	355	175	185	110	50	60	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	145	60	85
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	545	245	305	600	300	300	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	700	345	350
Non-movers	425	200	230	545	270	270	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	590	290	305
Movers	125	45	80	55	30	25	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	105	55	50
Non-migrants	110	35	65	30	20	15	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	35	25	10
Migrants	15	0	10	20	10	15	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	70	25	45
Internal migrants	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0	0	0	268,965	135,215	133,750	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	15	10	0	293,955	147,585	146,370	65	25	40
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	530	240	290	555	275	280	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	660	335	325
Non-movers	235	110	120	325	165	160	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	345	165	185
Movers	295	125	175	230	105	120	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	315	170	150
Non-migrants	125	55	70	180	90	85	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	170	100	70
Migrants	175	70	105	45	15	30	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	145	70	80
Internal migrants	70	10	55	20	0	15	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	30	10	25
Intraprovincial migrants	45	0	40	15	0	10	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	30	10	25
Interprovincial migrants	25	0	20	0	0	0	921,345	459,695	461,650	0	0	0
External migrants	105	60	45	30	15	20	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	110	55	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	495	220	275	465	225	245	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	550	285	260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	30	20	10	160	80	80	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	130	60	65
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	460	200	260	305	145	160	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	420	225	195
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	365	165	200	335	165	170	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	415	240	175
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10	0	10	95	40	55	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	90	45	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	355	165	195	240	125	110	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	325	190	135
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	490	220	275	470	225	240	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	550	285	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	15	155	70	85	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	120	55	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	55	25	30	95	55	40	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	60	40	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	410	175	230	220	100	125	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	365	190	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	45	50	125	65	60	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	170	65	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	15	25	50	30	15	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	45	20	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	30	10	15	35	15	15	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	40	20	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	15	15	0	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	50	25	25	70	30	40	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	105	25	80
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	10	0	0	896,755	372,560	524,195	25	15	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	310	130	180	100	35	65	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	195	130	70
Bachelor's degree	120	60	60	65	25	40	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	105	60	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	25	40	20	0	15	556,510	243,200	313,310	40	30	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20	0	0	0	214,105	108,000	106,105	10	0	0
Master's degree	95	40	55	15	10	0	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	40	30	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	279,660	165,795	113,870	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	370	165	200	335	165	165	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	415	240	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	90	35	55	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	80	40	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30	20	10	60	45	15	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	40	30	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	145	180	180	85	95	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	295	165	125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	40	35	95	55	40	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	120	50	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	10	25	35	25	10	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	40	15	20
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	25	10	20	25	20	10	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	40	15	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	10	0	0	10	10	0	836,220	693,830	142,395	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35	25	15	55	25	30	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	65	20	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	10	0	0	623,090	261,035	362,050	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	250	100	145	85	30	55	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	175	120	55
Bachelor's degree	75	35	40	60	20	40	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	85	45	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	25	35	20	0	15	430,875	179,230	251,645	35	35	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	0	0	0	167,730	75,120	92,615	10	0	0
Master's degree	90	45	45	0	0	0	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	30	25	0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0	0	0	209,445	115,530	93,915	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	490	215	280	465	225	240	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	550	290	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	90	45	40	245	125	120	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	185	95	90
Education	15	10	0	25	10	20	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	20	15	0
13. Education	15	10	0	25	10	20	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	20	15	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	35	35	0	0	0	631,255	274,065	357,190	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	35	35	0	0	0	556,470	220,680	335,790	0	0	0
Humanities	20	10	15	10	10	0	926,560	354,120	572,440	30	20	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	0	106,345	23,460	82,885	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	184,600	53,020	131,580	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	316,050	119,215	196,830	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,935	6,835	12,095	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	57,745	33,040	24,700	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	77,510	46,140	31,365	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,935	58,310	50,620	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	56,440	14,090	42,345	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	25	55	10	0	10	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	65	25	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	29,430	7,065	22,365	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	20	0	0	0	233,400	88,205	145,200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	344,150	27,905	316,240	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	325,785	115,335	210,445	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	49,855	16,000	33,850	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0	0	0	327,965	79,295	248,665	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	25	0	20	10	0	0	705,540	336,960	368,580	35	25	10
Business, management and public administration	50	20	35	50	20	35	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	80	45	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	272,240	55,995	216,245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	20	35	50	20	35	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	80	45	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	10	0	0	719,715	353,540	366,175	40	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	297,055	121,615	175,435	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	155,955	72,245	83,705	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	35,380	14,950	20,430	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	196,620	130,745	65,875	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	34,710	13,985	20,730	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	45	0	20	15	10	804,230	531,435	272,795	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	0	15	10	0	643,145	454,370	188,775	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	43,085	7,100	35,985	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	50	25	20	35	25	0	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	35	25	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	135,020	81,930	53,090	0	0	0
14. Engineering	35	20	15	0	0	0	900,475	723,080	177,395	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0	726,155	638,355	87,800	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	580	190	390	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	703,905	683,060	20,845	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	659,480	640,895	18,590	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	0	0	10	10	0	380,505	363,710	16,795	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0	407,545	234,360	173,175	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	262,580	140,520	122,070	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0	144,960	93,845	51,115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	45	0	45	30	0	25	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	60	30	35
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	180,785	89,005	91,780	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	35	0	35	30	0	25	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	60	30	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	64,030	34,630	29,400	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	15	20	0	10	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	15	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	10	0	10	548,520	151,115	397,410	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,965	3,520	445	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,900	6,210	690	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	10	0	0	227,835	160,930	66,905	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	219,205	199,190	20,010	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	365	165	200	335	165	165	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	410	240	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	40	25	20	155	75	70	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	120	70	50
Education	10	10	0	20	0	15	742,175	158,185	583,990	15	15	0
13. Education	10	10	0	20	0	15	742,175	158,185	583,990	15	15	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	25	15	0	0	0	490,455	210,500	279,955	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0	0	0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	25	15	0	0	0	435,815	172,330	263,480	0	0	0
Humanities	20	10	10	10	10	0	649,695	241,235	408,465	30	20	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0	79,235	16,400	62,835	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0	134,815	37,610	97,210	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	10	10	0	216,725	80,505	136,220	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,910	4,540	8,370	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	41,640	23,645	17,990	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0	0	0	48,920	29,245	19,675	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	0	78,415	40,800	37,615	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,045	8,490	28,555	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	25	40	10	0	10	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	35	20	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,895	5,520	18,370	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	20	0	0	0	196,475	72,125	124,350	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	270,970	20,095	250,875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	0	0	0	261,265	82,850	178,420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	37,830	12,160	25,670	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0	0	0	249,205	55,840	193,365	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	0	20	10	0	0	549,090	254,250	294,840	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	35	15	25	35	20	15	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	70	40	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0	0	0	213,140	40,230	172,910	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	15	25	35	20	15	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	70	40	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	10	0	0	513,555	241,780	271,785	40	15	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	227,460	90,390	137,075	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	108,350	48,075	60,280	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	140,510	88,540	51,970	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,960	9,090	13,870	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	35	0	20	15	10	667,305	445,970	221,330	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	0	10	10	0	554,185	392,835	161,350	10	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0	27,610	4,720	22,885	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0	70,940	39,000	31,940	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	45	25	20	25	25	0	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	30	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0	105,845	61,230	44,605	0	0	0
14. Engineering	30	20	15	0	0	0	724,235	568,385	155,850	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	536,600	464,510	72,090	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	510	160	350	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	0	0	0	510,105	493,000	17,100	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0	467,225	452,385	14,840	0	0	0
48. Precision production	10	0	0	0	0	0	266,690	253,110	13,585	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0	314,120	170,440	143,680	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	199,335	99,700	99,635	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0	114,780	70,745	44,040	0	0	0
Health and related fields	40	0	40	30	0	20	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	55	25	25
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	30	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0	0	0	139,280	67,885	71,385	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	30	0	30	30	0	20	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	50	25	25
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,430	945	3,485	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0	0	0	48,115	23,255	24,860	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	15	20	0	10	772,450	399,835	372,615	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	15	0	15	10	0	10	414,520	112,935	301,590	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,955	2,575	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,850	3,415	435	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0	183,025	128,295	54,725	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0	0	0	168,105	152,620	15,485	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	365	165	200	335	165	165	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	410	240	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	20	155	75	70	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	120	70	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	330	145	180	180	90	95	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	290	170	125
Location of study inside Canada	190	60	135	130	65	60	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	170	110	60
Same as province or territory of residence	180	55	125	120	60	60	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	165	105	60
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	135	85	50	50	25	35	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	125	65	60
Americas	15	0	10	10	0	10	483,810	238,040	245,775	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0	0	0	0	279,005	143,575	135,435	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,780	6,110	6,670	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,000	21,575	23,425	0	0	0
Europe	120	80	40	0	0	0	543,725	281,205	262,520	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0	0	0
France	100	70	30	0	0	0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,450	12,070	10,380	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,215	11,115	14,100	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,095	16,250	19,845	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0	36,405	16,635	19,775	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0	0	0	151,900	81,980	69,920	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0	60,615	30,055	30,560	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	20	15	0	216,815	111,010	105,805	85	50	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0	33,280	16,395	16,880	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0	33,230	17,020	16,210	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0	23,640	12,125	11,510	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,255	15,145	15,115	10	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,060	9,900	9,160	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,700	33,325	31,385	35	25	20
Asia	0	0	0	20	0	15	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	30	15	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,565	9,355	10,210	10	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0	201,100	87,370	113,720	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0	53,575	20,575	33,000	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0	305,795	115,370	190,420	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	0	15	405,850	199,380	206,475	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0	64,385	28,650	35,735	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	47,960	24,495	23,460	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0	38,525	19,270	19,250	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,655	930	730	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	490	220	275	470	225	240	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	550	285	265
In the labour force	375	165	210	310	145	165	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	405	215	190
Employed	340	145	195	260	105	150	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	350	185	170
Unemployed	30	20	10	50	40	10	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	55	30	20
Not in the labour force	115	50	70	155	80	80	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	145	75	75
Participation rate	76.5	75.0	76.4	66.0	64.4	68.8	63.7	67.7	59.8	73.6	75.4	71.7
Employment rate	69.4	65.9	70.9	55.3	46.7	62.5	57.1	60.9	53.4	63.6	64.9	64.2
Unemployment rate	8.0	12.1	4.8	16.1	27.6	6.1	10.3	9.9	10.7	13.6	14.0	10.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	490	215	280	465	225	240	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	550	290	265
Did not work¹⁸⁶	110	45	60	220	100	120	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	185	80	105
Worked	385	175	215	245	125	120	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	370	210	160
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	195	105	85	95	40	50	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	165	95	65
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	190	65	125	155	80	70	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	210	110	90
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.2	41.8	32.6	33.2	31.8	41.0	41.7	40.3	37.9	38.8	36.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	375	165	205	310	145	165	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	215	185
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	15	0	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	375	165	205	290	130	155	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	390	210	180
Employee	305	140	165	265	115	150	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	340	185	160
Permanent position	200	100	100	190	80	110	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	290	150	140
Temporary position	105	40	65	80	40	40	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	50	30	20
Fixed term (1 year or more)	60	20	40	15	15	0	867,740	386,965	480,775	25	15	10
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	45	25	25	65	25	35	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	25	10	15
Self-employed¹⁹²	65	30	40	20	15	0	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	45	30	15
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	375	165	205	310	145	165	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	215	185
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	15	0	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	375	165	205	290	130	155	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	390	210	180
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	0	0	0	0	0	0	254,760	177,450	77,315	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	65	20	45	35	20	20	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	70	35	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	35	10	0	0	0	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	35	25	15
3 Health occupations	45	0	45	35	10	20	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	60	30	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	65	30	30	25	0	25	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	30	15	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	35	20	20	0	10	596,785	275,420	321,360	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	65	20	45	90	40	50	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	95	35	60
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	15	10	30	30	0	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	50	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	0	0	0	541,235	416,960	124,270	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	40	10	30	857,540	612,415	245,120	35	25	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	375	165	205	310	145	165	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	400	215	185
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	0	0	0	20	15	10	486,865	237,950	248,915	15	0	10
All industries¹⁹¹	375	165	205	290	130	155	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	390	210	180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0	0	0	434,800	295,160	139,640	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0	239,030	195,605	43,425	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0	0	0	147,750	109,475	38,270	0	0	0
23 Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	10	10	50	20	30	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	30	25	10
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	10	0	10	610,295	406,960	203,335	15	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	25	10	15	40	15	25	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	60	25	40
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	0	10	15	10	0	981,030	742,515	238,515	40	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	35	25	15	15	10	0	400,460	237,940	162,520	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	20	10	10	0	0	0	815,225	358,145	457,080	15	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	0	0	0	343,940	186,230	157,710	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	50	25	25	10	10	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	25	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0	45,455	21,495	23,955	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	15	10	0	0	792,600	457,880	334,725	20	10	10
61 Educational services	50	15	35	15	0	15	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	25	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	50	0	50	40	15	30	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	85	40	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	0	0	0	350,710	180,205	170,500	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	10	35	25	15	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	20	15	10	797,935	373,775	424,165	15	10	10
91 Public administration	25	15	0	0	0	0	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	20	15	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	410	190	220	320	160	160	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	400	220	185
English	50	25	25	55	15	35	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	55	35	20
French	160	85	75	90	65	25	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	195	120	75
Non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	169,205	89,515	79,685	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0	162,265	85,925	76,345	0	0	0
English and French	185	75	110	140	55	80	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	140	65	80
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	35	15	15	570,220	291,000	279,220	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	69,340	34,190	35,145	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	410	190	220	320	160	160	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	400	220	185
Single responses	350	165	185	240	125	115	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	365	200	165
Official languages	350	165	185	220	115	105	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	360	200	160
English	80	30	45	85	30	60	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	65	35	30
French	270	130	140	135	90	50	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	295	165	130
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	310,455	161,825	148,635	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	35	25	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,015	585	430	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	110	65	40	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	385	385	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	40	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	110	85	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0	140	80	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,955	875	1,075	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	435	400	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	825	430	395	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,585	830	755	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	490	385	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	695	340	355	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	610	295	320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	895	410	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	890	410	475	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	535	255	280	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	70	90	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	15	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	75	55	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	125	50	80	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	0	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	35	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	20	10	10	291,025	152,095	138,925	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	415	185	235	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0	365	155	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0	215	95	120	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	325	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	240	90	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	70	25	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0	585	240	340	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0	325	165	160	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	495	215	285	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0	165	90	70	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0	170	90	80	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	185	210	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	375	170	205	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0	250	140	110	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	0	112,395	64,055	48,335	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	315	170	140	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0	530	295	235	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	15	75	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	10	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	145	55	90	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	60	15	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	835	485	355	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	40	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0	155	95	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0	555	310	245	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,265	620	650	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	30	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	25	30	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0	255	115	135	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0	965	515	440	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	560	420	140	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,940	1,275	670	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	190	100	85	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0	875	445	430	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0	645	290	355	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,115	515	600	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0	275	125	145	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	10	0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	105	80	25	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0	175	145	35	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0	130	70	60	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0	800	445	360	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	595	400	195	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,625	730	900	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0	680	375	310	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	410	210	200	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0	150	95	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0	65	20	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,010	795	1,210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,590	620	970	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0	285	110	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	65	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,375	64,180	64,190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	128,045	63,990	64,055	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	210	270	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	460	240	220	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	295	175	125	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0	60	40	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	135	85	50	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0	120	80	45	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	765	310	450	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0	80	30	50	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0	670	275	395	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,345	695	650	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0	35	15	25	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,270	660	615	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	485	215	270	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	15	50	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0	90	25	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0	330	170	160	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	20	40	80	30	50	453,880	231,205	222,675	35	20	20
English and French	50	15	40	70	30	40	321,975	163,305	158,675	35	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	10	0	0	115,955	60,210	55,745	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	410	190	220	320	160	160	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	400	220	185
None	270	130	140	220	115	110	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	285	175	115
English	100	45	50	65	35	30	902,625	474,755	427,875	95	45	50
French	30	15	20	25	10	15	589,755	288,955	300,800	15	0	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10	331,375	168,035	163,335	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	10	0	10	313,185	160,295	152,885	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0	0	0	33,125	15,680	17,445	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0	360	210	150	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	50,740	25,425	25,315	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	340	145	195	260	110	155	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	350	180	165
Worked at home	180	95	85	25	20	0	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	45	25	20
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	25	10	10	25	20	0	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	25	10	10
Usual place of work	140	35	100	205	65	140	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	285	145	135
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	135	40	95	205	65	140	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	285	150	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	125	35	90	140	50	90	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	195	85	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	45	10	35	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	40	30	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	25	0	10	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	45	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0	0	0	98,060	60,210	37,850	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	160	50	105	235	85	150	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	305	160	145
Car, truck or van	25	15	10	110	60	50	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	175	125	50
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25	15	10	100	60	40	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	165	120	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	0	0	0	10	0	10	844,155	343,100	501,050	10	0	10
Public transit	75	15	60	75	25	60	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	90	30	60
Walked	25	0	25	45	0	45	672,815	296,610	376,205	45	0	40
Bicycle	30	15	20	0	0	0	138,615	92,195	46,415	0	0	0
Other method	0	0	0	0	0	0	285,820	144,225	141,595	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	160	50	105	235	85	150	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	305	160	145
Less than 15 minutes	25	0	20	50	20	25	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	80	30	50
15 to 29 minutes	90	25	65	70	15	60	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	95	55	40
30 to 44 minutes	30	10	20	75	35	45	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	65	50	15
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	10	25	15	15	910,610	542,485	368,125	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	10	0	10	926,120	599,115	327,005	45	25	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	160	50	105	235	85	150	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	305	160	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10	0	0	938,820	701,960	236,865	20	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	15	0	35	20	15	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	60	40	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	45	10	35	55	20	35	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	75	45	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	15	55	60	10	50	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	30	15	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	15	40	10	30	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	0	35	20	15	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	70	45	25
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	70	35	35	145	65	75	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	175	85	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10	0	5	20	10	15	897,205	456,120	441,085	20	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	30	120	55	70	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	155	80	80
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	45	20	25	100	40	60	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	125	60	60
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5	5	5	15	5	10	682,190	346,420	335,770	15	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	5	0	15	5	10	467,685	234,475	233,215	10	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0	214,500	111,950	102,550	0	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	20	20	85	35	50	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	105	55	55

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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